View source for Jat Airways

{{Short description|Defunct flag carrier of Yugoslavia and then Serbia (1947–2013)}}
{{distinguish|Jet Airways}}
{{pp-pc}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline          = Jat Airways
| logo             = Jat Airways logo.svg
| logo_size        = 200
| alt              =
| image            = Boeing 737-300 - JAT - Yugoslav Airlines (JAT Airways) (YU-ANK).JPG
| caption          = A Jat Airways [[Boeing 737-300]]
| IATA             = JU
| ICAO             = JAT
| callsign         = JAT
| founded          = {{start date|1927|06|17|df=yes}}<br />{{small|(as ''[[Aeroput]]'')}}{{#tag:ref|The company that is today known as ''Jat Airways'' was founded as ''JAT Yugoslav Airlines'' in January 1947. It sees itself in the tradition of [[Aeroput]], the Yugoslav national airline founded in 1927, which suspended all services at the start of [[World War II in Yugoslavia]] in April 1941. After the war, Aeroput renewed work on 2 July 1945, when the general meeting of shareholders elected the first post-war management of the company. The meeting was attended by delegates of the new government of [[Democratic Federal Yugoslavia]] (DFY) including its head of state [[Ivan Ribar]], who was a pre-war shareholder and board member. The work permit was a farce, since the Communist government adopted a decree prohibiting private joint-stock companies. On 24 December 1948 the Aeroput was liquidated and all of its property, pilots and mechanics where transferred to the new airline. As such, Jat Airways considered ''Aeroput'' as its historical predecessor and thus often cited "1927" as its foundation date.|group="note"}}<ref name="history">{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/active/en/home/main_menu/about_us/history.html|title=Jat Airways – History|publisher=jat.com|access-date=8 August 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016163235/http://www.jat.com/active/en/home/main_menu/about_us/history.html|archive-date=16 October 2013}}</ref>
| commenced        = {{start date|1947|04|01|df=yes}}<br />{{small|(as ''JAT Yugoslav Airlines'')}}
| ceased           = {{end date|2013|10|26|df=yes}}<br />{{small|(became ''[[Air Serbia]]'')}}
| aoc              =
| bases            =
| hubs             = [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]]
| secondary_hubs   =
| focus_cities     =
| frequent_flyer   = Extra Flight Club
| alliance         =
| subsidiaries     =
| fleet_size       = 17
| destinations     = 35
| parent           = Jat Airways shareholding ({{small|Owned by [[Government of Serbia]]}})
| headquarters     = [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]]
| key_people       = Dane Kondić (last [[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
| revenue          = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]135.30&nbsp;million (2013)<ref name="FR13">{{cite web|script-title=sr:Основни подаци из консолидованог финансијског извештаја за 2013. годину|url=http://fi.apr.gov.rs/prijemfi/cir/podaci.asp?strSearch=07044275&kod=6a7d0998e19d51fada3f217a2f2041cf09cda2d4&godina=2013|work=Serbian Agency for Business Registries|access-date=18 June 2014|language=sr}}</ref>
| operating_income =
| net_income       = {{decrease}} -€69.30 million (2013)<ref name="FR13"/>
| equity           = {{steady}} €0 (2013)<ref name="FR13"/>
| assets           = {{increase}} €304.97 million (2013)<ref name="FR13"/>
| num_employees    = 1,527 (2013)<ref name="FR13"/>
| website          = 
}}

'''Jat Airways''' (stylized as '''JatAirways'''; {{lang-sh-Latn-Cyrl|separator=" / "|Jat ervejz|Јат ервејз}}) was the national [[flag carrier]] and largest [[airline]] of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] and later [[Serbia and Montenegro]] and finally [[Serbia]]. Founded in 1927 as [[Aeroput]], the airline ceased operations during [[World War II]]. After resuming flights in 1947, the airline was renamed ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport'' (abbreviated ''JAT'', {{IPA|sh|jât|pron}}; "Yugoslav Air Transport") on 1 April 1947. The airline was renamed again on 8 August 2003. Jat Airways and their predecessors were one of the [[List of airlines by foundation date|oldest airlines still in operation]]. Flight operations were based at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]], and the airline operated scheduled services to 72 international destinations, outside the areas formerly part of Yugoslavia, as well as charters and [[wet lease]]s.<ref name="FI">{{cite news|title=Directory: World Airlines|work=[[Flight International]]|page=97|date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Jat Airways was owned by the government of Serbia and had 1,250 employees.

On 1 August 2013, the [[Government of Serbia]] and [[Etihad Airways]] entered into an agreement that reorganized the operations of Jat Airways, and renamed it [[Air Serbia]] after the transitional period ended.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etihad.com/en-au/about-us/news/archive/2013/etihad-airways-and-government-of-serbia-unveil-strategic-partnership-to-secure-future-of-serbian-national-airline/ |title=Etihad Airways and Government of Serbia unveil strategic partnership |publisher=Etihad Airways |access-date=6 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805212451/http://www.etihad.com/en-au/about-us/news/archive/2013/etihad-airways-and-government-of-serbia-unveil-strategic-partnership-to-secure-future-of-serbian-national-airline/ |archive-date= 5 August 2013 }}</ref> Certain assets, such as the [[ATR 72]] aircraft, would be transitioned to Air Serbia, while other assets (such as the [[737-300]]s) would remain in JAT Airways branding until retired.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://new.livestream.com/etihad/AirSerbiaStaffBriefing|title=Air Serbia staff briefing|publisher=new.livestream.com|access-date=1 August 2013|archive-date=13 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213023250/http://new.livestream.com/etihad/AirSerbiaStaffBriefing|url-status=dead}}</ref> The change marked the end of 66 years of the JAT brand.

==History==
===Aeroput===
{{Main|Aeroput}}
[[File:Aeroput plne.jpg|thumb|Six Aeroput [[Potez 29|Potez 29/2]] biplanes at the old [[Airport City Belgrade#Location|Belgrade–Dojno Polje]] airport, 1929]]
[[File:Avion aeroput mms-3.jpg|thumb|right|[[Aeroput MMS-3]] made in Aeroput workshops in [[Zemun]], 1935]]
[[File:Convair 340.jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[Convair CV-340]]]]
[[File:Boeing 707-351C YU-AGJ JAT - Yugoslav Airlines, Toronto, July 14 1984. (5530392896).jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[Boeing 707]] at [[Toronto Airport]] in 1984]]
[[File:JAT McDonnell Douglas DC-9 at Zurich Airport in May 1985.jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32]] at Zürich Airport in May 1985]]
[[File:JAT Boeing 727 at Zurich Airport in May 1985.jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[Boeing 727-200]] at Zürich Airport in May 1985]]
[[File:Boeing 707-351-C, JAT Yugoslav Airlines JP5834318.jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[Boeing 707]] at [[Faro Airport]] in November 1985]]
[[File:JAT Boeing 737-300 JetPix.jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[Boeing 737-300]] at [[Stuttgart Airport]], 1988]]
[[File:JAT DC-10-30 (6068614970).jpg|thumb|right|JAT [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] at [[Sydney Airport]], 1985, with classic livery]]
[[File:JAT McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 Milinkovic.jpg|thumb|right|JAT Yugoslav Airlines [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]], 2003]]

JAT traces its heritage back to 1927 when [[Aeroput]], the first civil airline in Yugoslavia was founded. Their first international flight was in 1929 between [[Belgrade]] and [[Graz]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/active/sr-latin/home/main_menu/about_us/history.html|author=Jat Airways|title=Istorijat|language=sr}}</ref> In 1937, the expansion of international routes and an increase in passenger numbers enabled Aeroput to acquire the [[Lockheed Model 10 Electra]]. Aeroput continued to operate until the start of [[World War II]]. JAT Yugoslav Airlines was launched on 1 April 1947 and replaced Aeroput in 1948. the name was changed to ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport'' (abbreviated ''JAT''; "Yugoslavian Air Transport"), then to JAT Yugoslav Airlines and finally to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003.<ref name="jat">{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/active/sr-latin/home/main_menu/about_us/history.html|author=Jat Airways|title=Aeroput Istorijat|language=sr}}</ref>

===JAT – Yugoslav Airlines===
In 1946, it was apparent that the Yugoslav Air Force could not be involved in the nation's post-war build-up of civil aviation. Consequently, preparations were made for the formation of an air transport company. Three [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain]] and three [[Junkers Ju 52]] were converted to carry passengers. The airline was officially renamed to ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport'' (''JAT'') on 1 April 1947.

In 1949, Yugoslavia was faced with a dire international position: isolated both by the West and the East. This caused further rationing of fuel, difficulties in procuring spare parts, and the cancellation of all flights to Eastern European destinations. JAT was forced to survive on six domestic lines. When Yugoslavia turned to the West, an agreement was made with [[Swissair]] to open the Belgrade-[[Zürich]] route, which was inaugurated on 24 August 1949. Company stagnation marked operations in 1949 because the traffic volume was well below fleet potentials and transport needs in the country. However, 1954 was in many ways a turning point. [[Convair CV-340]] and [[Convair CV-440 Metropolitan]] aircraft were purchased for short-haul and medium-haul routes, after which the [[Douglas DC-3]] was used only on domestic routes. Multiple international and domestic routes were opened soon after. In 1957, six [[Ilyushin Il-14M]] aircraft were purchased. JAT purchased several [[Douglas DC-6B]]s for long-haul routes in 1959.<ref name="jat"/>

===Jet age===
In 1963, the first [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] joined the JAT fleet. In 1969, the first [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32]] (of 16) arrived, followed by [[Boeing 707]] in 1970, [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]] in 1971 (of 7), and in 1974 by the first two (of nine) [[Boeing 727-200]]s.<ref name="jatold">{{cite web|url=http://www.airliners.net/discussions/general_aviation/read.main/3463739/?searchid=3463739&s=jat#ID3463739|author=jatairways.com (old website – no longer available)|title=JAT: 80 Years}}</ref><ref name="flight1427">{{cite magazine|magazine=[[Flight International]]|title=World Airlines Directory |date=28 May 1988|page=33|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1988/1988%20-%201427.html?search=justa}}</ref>

===1970s===
Long-haul routes to North America, Australia, and the Far East were flown by [[Boeing 707]]s, introduced in 1970.

In 1975, Belgrade was connected with [[Karachi]], [[Singapore]] and [[Sydney]].<ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book|title=Glory Days: Yugoslavia's National Airline Through Communism 1947–1987|isbn=9788691707101|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eiDYjyulVLwC|access-date=12 December 2014|last1=Berge|first1=Jan M.}}</ref> Same year three brand new [[Boeing 727]]s were introduced. In 1976 fleet consisted of 4 [[Boeing 707]], 13 [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9]], 3 [[Boeing 727]], 5 [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Caravelle]] and one [[Convair CV-240 family|Convair]].

In 1976, two more [[Boeing 727]]s joined the fleet, for a total of five. The same year, Belgrade was connected with [[New York City]], [[Malta]], [[Baghdad]], [[Kuwait City]] and [[Damascus]]. All Caravelles were withdrawn from the fleet, while the line to Karachi was terminated. That year JAT had almost three million passengers.<ref name="books.google.com"/>

In 1977, new routes to [[Madrid]] and [[Lyon]] were introduced.

In 1978, a wide-body [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] (which was chosen over the [[Boeing 747-200]]) was purchased to succeed the Boeing 707s on longer-haul routes, although the 707s remained in service into the 1980s on ad hoc charters and as scheduled-flight replacement aircraft. The purchase of a DC-10-30 was followed several years later by the purchase of a medium-range aircraft.<ref name="jatold"/> The same year, a new route to Beijing was added.

In 1979, JAT carried almost 4&nbsp;million passengers.<ref name="books.google.com"/>

===1980s===
In 1980, the route Belgrade–Chicago was established. Two more brand new [[Boeing 727]]s were added to the fleet.

In 1981, [[Cleveland]] was added as a stopover on route Belgrade–Chicago. The same year the JAT fleet counted 28 planes 2 [[DC-10]], 13 [[DC-9]], 4 [[Boeing 707]] and 9 [[Boeing 727]].<ref name="books.google.com"/>

In 1983, Jat introduced new routes to Alger and Thessaloniki and ceasing route to Beijing.

In 1984, the Belgrade–Toronto route was established. Jat was the official carrier and sponsor of the [[1984 Winter Olympics]].

In 1985, JAT was the first European airline to purchase [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-300]]s. During those years, the company carried five million passengers annually and served 80 destinations on five continents (19 domestic, 45 medium-haul and 16 long haul routes). JAT also constructed a large hangar to accommodate wide-body aircraft and a jet-engine test stand at their Belgrade hub. The same year, Bombay and Calcutta were connected with Belgrade.

In 1987, Belgrade was connected with Melbourne, Perth, Montreal, Los Angeles, and Hong Kong. Profit that year was $205 million.{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}{{dubious|reason=This is highly dubious number. It probably refers to total revenue|date=October 2014}}

=== 1990s ===
In 1992, the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] broke apart, resulting in the [[Yugoslav Wars]]. JAT was forced to stop all domestic services. The United Nations imposed sanctions on 20 May 1992 against Yugoslavia. For the first time since World War II, international transport was forcibly terminated in Yugoslavia. This was preceded by the decisions of Germany and Italy to interrupt any traffic with Yugoslavia: on 21 December 1991&nbsp;— Germany, the largest market for JAT in Europe, with seven flights daily and 40& million German marks gross annual profit, followed by Italy on 10 January 1992. The United States imposed an embargo on air traffic with Yugoslavia on 2 May 1992: the last JAT flights to the United States were to Chicago and New York. JAT management decided to re-route North American long-range flights to Canada. However, Canada quickly followed and banned all JAT flights entering the country, terminating all JAT operations across the North Atlantic.

During that time, JAT operated only domestic services between [[Belgrade]], [[Podgorica]], [[Tivat]], [[Niš]], [[Pristina|Priština]] and&nbsp;— for a very short time&nbsp;— [[Ponikve Airport|Užice–Ponikve Airport]]. In 1994, JAT resumed some of their international services. In 1998, JAT ordered eight [[Airbus A319]]s. This was seen as a political stunt by the president, [[Slobodan Milošević]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2009/06/jat-begins-fleet-renewal.html|title=Jat begins fleet renewal | publisher=exyuaviation.blogspot.com|date=3 June 2009|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref> The original delivery date was June 2000, but this date had been postponed until a total of $23.5 million was paid off to Airbus while JAT was hoping to divert the deal to another airline. Soon after, all flights were canceled as Europe introduced a new ban and the [[Serbia and Montenegro|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] was bombed for 78 days during the [[Kosovo War]].<ref name="jatold" />

In April 2000, director general [[Žika Petrović]] was gunned down in front of his home in [[Belgrade]].<ref name="jatold" />

===2000s===
International sanctions were lifted in 2000, and JAT resumed regular flight services. To celebrate the move that coincided with the country restructuring from FR Yugoslavia to [[Serbia and Montenegro]], JAT Yugoslav Airlines changed their name to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003. In 2004, [[Belgrade]] based Intair Link Airlines was merged into Jat, one year after Intair Link had begun service.<ref name="airlinehistory">{{cite web|title=Airlines – Serbia|url=http://www.airlinehistory.co.uk/Europe/Serbia/Airlines.asp|website=airlinehistory.co.uk|access-date=15 October 2017}}</ref> Jat sold its last [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10|DC-10-30]] on 24 June 2005 to France-based company TAT Industries. During 2005, the company also phased out all remaining [[Boeing 727]]s and [[DC-9]]s. The last airworthy [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9|DC-9-32]] was leased to the United Arab Emirates company [[Eastern SkyJets]].

By then, Jat Airways was not a member of any alliances or partnerships but did code share on some routes with [[Adria Airways]], [[Aeroflot]], [[Air France]], [[Alitalia]], [[Austrian Airlines]], [[B&H Airlines]], [[KLM]], [[LOT Polish Airlines]] and [[TAROM]].

Jat Airways introduced their online booking system in September 2006 and electronic tickets in April 2007. Jat Airways celebrated 80 years of service on 17 June 2007. In 2007 and 2008 the airline received an award as one of the five best brands from Serbia. They also received an award for their television advertisements celebrating 80 years of service.<ref name="The Best from Serbia in 2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/system/en/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/19163.html|title=Jat Airways – View Single News|publisher=Jat.com|access-date=7 October 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719130153/http://www.jat.com/system/en/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/19163.html|archive-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> On 3 July 2008 the Jat Airways reestablished air links with neighbouring Croatia after a 17-year absence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/biz/vesti/srbija.php?yyyy=2008&mm=06&dd=04&nav_id=301891|title=Jat od 3. jula leti za Pulu|language=sr|publisher=B92|date=4 June 2008|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

In 2012, Jat celebrated their 85th birthday and began refurbishing their cabins in both business and economy class, at the same time introducing a new frequent flyer program.<ref name="Jat unveils new cabin interior">{{cite web|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2012/07/jat-unveils-new-cabin-interior.html|title=Jat unveils new cabin interior|publisher=exyuaviation.blogspot.com|date=24 July 2012|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

=== Privatization attempts ===
The government of Serbia made two unsuccessful attempts to [[Privatization|privatize]] Jat Airways, in 2008 and 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.novosti.rs/code/navigate.php?Id=5&status=jedna&vest=129966&datum=2008-10-08|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905164304/http://www.novosti.rs/code/navigate.php?Id=5&status=jedna&vest=129966&datum=2008-10-08|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 September 2012|author=Večernje novosti|title=Jat ide za dve godine|language=sr}}</ref>

On 16 January 2008, the government of Serbia announced it would sell a 51% stake in the airline.<ref name="Tender za Jat do aprila">{{Cite news|url=http://www.pregled.co.rs/naslovna_strana.php?vest=2720|newspaper=Privredni pregled|language=sr|title=Tender za Jat do aprila|date=16 January 2008|access-date=30 November 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The starting price for the airline's 51% share was €51&nbsp;million, decreased from the earlier announced €150&nbsp;million in order to increase interest.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2008/07/jat-airways-privatisation-tender-starts.html|website=exyuaviation.blogspot.com|title=Jat Airways privatisation: Tender starts – 51 million Euro starting price}}</ref> The tender was canceled after no company had submitted an offer following the deadline.

In 2011, the Serbian government announced that it would create a successor to Jat Airways with a strategic partner. The new airline would assume all of Jat's healthy assets, codeshare agreements, aircraft and airport slots.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/13/Ekonomija/636501/Nova+nacionalna+aviokompanija|title=Nova nacionalna aviokompanija|publisher=Radio Television of Serbia|language=sr|date=16 April 2010|access-date=7 October 2012|archive-date=28 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528061512/https://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/13/Ekonomija/636501/Nova+nacionalna+aviokompanija|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[airBaltic|Baltic Aviation Systems]] was the only company to purchase the tender documentation but decided not to pursue the partnership further.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2011/08/tha-new-jat.html|website=exyuaviation.blogspot.com|title=The new Jat}}</ref> The tender was again canceled due to a lack of interested buyers.

===Strategic partnership with Etihad Airways===
In March 2013, Serbia's [[Minister of Finance (Serbia)|Minister of Finance]] [[Mlađan Dinkić]] traveled to [[Abu Dhabi]] to propose that [[Etihad Airways]] take a stake in Jat in order to renew their fleet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Ekonomija/374408/Mrkonjic-Svaka-cast-Dinkicu-ako-je-nasao-partnera-za-JAT|title=Mrkonjić: Svaka čast Dinkiću ako je našao partnera za JAT!|language=sr|publisher=Blic|date=28 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/serbia-s-jat-airways-offers-etihad-minority-stake-report-495302.html#.UWo5jbVQFZ4|title=Serbia's Jat Airways offers Etihad minority stake|author=Daniel Shane|publisher=ArabianBusiness.com|date=25 March 2013}}</ref> In April it was confirmed that Etihad added Belgrade to their summer timetable as a part of the initiative to become a co-owner of Jat alongside the Serbian government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2013/04/exclusive-etihad-jat-tie-up-details.html|title=EXCLUSIVE: Etihad – Jat tie up details|publisher=Ex-Yu aviation blog-spot|date=12 April 2013}}</ref> A purchase of a 49% stake in Jat by Etihad is widely suggested by observing media, which is dependent on whether a [[memorandum of understanding]] (MoU) is signed with the government of Serbia, possibly in May 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.airwise.com/story/view/1366029977.html|title=JAT Agrees Marketing Alliance with Etihad|publisher=airwise.com|date=15 April 2013|access-date=18 April 2013|archive-date=22 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222024432/http://news.airwise.com/story/view/1366029977.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/business-article.php?yyyy=2013&mm=04&dd=15&nav_id=85721|title=Jat Airways, Etihad make first partnership step|publisher=B92|date=15 April 2013|access-date=23 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130608190015/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/business-article.php?yyyy=2013&mm=04&dd=15&nav_id=85721|archive-date=8 June 2013}}</ref> On 17 June 2013, an MoU was signed with Etihad and the Serbian government on exploring the possibility of an equity investment in Jat Airways.<ref>[http://exyuaviation.blogspot.com/2013/06/etihad-jat-press-conference.html EX YU Aviation News: UPDATED Etihad announces possible equity investment in Jat – 17 June 2013]</ref>

On 1 August 2013, the Serbian Government and Etihad Airways formalised an agreement which will see a reorganisation and rebranding of the airline's operations to [[Air Serbia]], an entity in which the Serbian Government will have a 51% stake and Etihad Airways will own 49%.<ref name="etihad.com">{{cite press release|url=http://www.etihad.com/en-au/about-us/news/archive/2013/etihad-airways-and-government-of-serbia-unveil-strategic-partnership-to-secure-future-of-serbian-national-airline/ |title=Etihad Airways and Government of Serbia unveil strategic partnership to secure future of Serbian National Airline |publisher=Etihad Airways |access-date=6 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805212451/http://www.etihad.com/en-au/about-us/news/archive/2013/etihad-airways-and-government-of-serbia-unveil-strategic-partnership-to-secure-future-of-serbian-national-airline/ |archive-date= 5 August 2013 }}</ref> Etihad Airways was also granted management rights over the carrier for an initial five-year period.<ref name="etihad.com"/>

By then, Serbia had only one airline carrier, Jat Airways shareholding, a company with its own statute, Board of Directors and management bodies. Air Serbia is the result of a strategic partnership agreement between the Etihad Airways and Jat Airways, making the company to fulfill regulatory requirements, and got registered with the Business Registers Agency (APR). Subsequently, Jat Airways changed its name to Air Serbia and everything else was kept unchanged, continuing to be a joint stock company, the commercial entity registered in the APR, and with all the rights and obligations of Jat Airways. At that moment, Jat Airways was working at full power and fulfilling the obligations of regular and chartered passenger transportation, as agreed in its business plan for 2013.<ref name="politika">{{cite web|url=http://www.politika.rs/rubrike/Ekonomija/Jat-nije-umro-ziveo-Jat.lt.html|title=Jat nije umro, živeo Jat : Ekonomija : POLITIKA|publisher=politika.rs|access-date=12 December 2014}}</ref>

==Liveries==

===Yugoslav Airlines===
When the name Yugoslav Airlines first appeared on aircraft in 1950, the airline had a simple, mainly white [[livery]]. During these years there was a Yugoslav flag on the tail, and on the body the words ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport''. Shortly afterwards the airline changed its livery and added a logo on the tail section with a red shaped egg on the tail in which JAT was written in white, a logo kept for the rest of the SFR Yugoslavia period. The rest of the tail was blue, with Yugoslav Airlines written on the [[fuselage]] in red. There were variations of this livery during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The biggest change in this period was when the first [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-300]] aircraft arrived with a silver body, and were kept as such, with just logo and basic livery added.

===JAT Yugoslav Airlines===
[[File:Yugoslavia JAT Logo.svg|thumb|The logo of the airline used from 1963 till 1994]]
With the reintroduction of international flights in 1994 after two years of economic sanctions, JAT introduced a new livery and corporate image. A "euro-white" livery was adopted and the centre-piece was a new tail logo which contained a stylized Yugoslav flag with the white colour being represented by a pair of white wings, the larger wing symbolizing Serbia and the smaller Montenegro. For the first time, the word JAT was written on the aircraft in small blue letters. The words ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport'' were painted on the starboard side and Yugoslav Airlines on the port side and these were written in silver italic script. In 1996, the livery was slightly modified, with JAT being painted in billboard size at the front with a small Yugoslav flag in the "A" in JAT. During this time, as a result of the extensive leasing of aircraft by JAT, most aircraft lost the tail logo completely. The livery was updated again in 2001 with the flag in the billboard titles disappearing, and the words Yugoslav Airlines and ''Jugoslovenski Aerotransport'' being painted in blue using the same font as the main logo. Not all of the aircraft received this update as the livery was updated again with the introduction of the new name "Jat Airways".

===Jat Airways===
On 20 March 2003, the airline changed its name to Jat Airways.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2003&mm=03&dd=20&nav_category=9&nav_id=103911|title=Jugoslovenski aerotransport postao JAT ervejz|language=sr|publisher=B92|date=20 March 2003|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref> A national competition was held to design the new logo and livery. The winning design had three dots on the tail: blue, red and blue. The fuselage of the aircraft had a large Jat Airways title, with Jat in red and Airways in blue. The new logo was the name Jat Airways written with three dots in blue, red and blue following it. Jat Airways painted only one aircraft in these colours, a [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300]].

Jat started painting its aircraft all white and in 2006, most aircraft were white with a small Jat Airways logo. In December 2006 the airline decided to return to its dot livery. By August 2007, all aircraft had been painted. The livery is slightly different from the previous dot livery. It has the dots on the tail, but the small Jat titles remain rather than the big Jat Airways logo across the fuselage.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}

{{Jat liveries}}

==Destinations==
===Codeshare agreements===
Jat Airways had [[codeshare agreement]]s with the following airlines:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/742-lufthansa-prekida-saradnju-sa-jatom/ |title=Lufthansa prekida saradnju sa Jatom |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906225102/http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/742-lufthansa-prekida-saradnju-sa-jatom/ |archive-date=6 September 2013  }}</ref>

{|
|-
|valign="top"|
* [[Adria Airways]] <small>([[Star Alliance]])</small>
* [[Aeroflot]] <small>([[SkyTeam]])</small>
* [[Air France]] <small>([[SkyTeam]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/1471-air-france-i-jat-ponovo-sklopili-kodser-sporazum/ |title=Air France i Jat ponovo sklopili kodšer sporazum |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420075309/http://aviokarta.net/vesti/1471-air-france-i-jat-ponovo-sklopili-kodser-sporazum/ |archive-date=20 April 2013  }}</ref></small>
|
* [[Alitalia]] <small>([[SkyTeam]])</small>
* [[Austrian Airlines]] <small>([[Star Alliance]])</small>
* [[Etihad Airways]]
|
* [[KLM]] <small>([[SkyTeam]])</small>
* [[LOT Polish Airlines]] <small>([[Star Alliance]])</small>
* [[TAROM]] <small>([[SkyTeam]])</small>
|}

==Services==

===Jat Catering===
[[File:JATairwaysAerospatialeATR-72-201(YU-ALS)atBelgradeAirport(picture1).jpg|thumb|right|A Jat Airways [[ATR 72-201]] at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]]

Jat Catering is a subsidiary of Jat Airways, providing in-flight meals for Jat Airways. Jat Catering offices and kitchens are situated in the industrial area of [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]]. Jat Catering offers special meals for vegetarians, vegans and toddlers.

===On board===
The aircraft of Jat Airways are fitted out in a two-class configuration. In the [[Boeing]] aircraft, Jat has a business-class section and an economy-class section. On [[ATR 72]] aircraft, the airline offers a one-class all economy configuration with the business class section, which used to be located in the back removed in mid-2008. Every passenger gets a complimentary copy of Jat's in-flight magazine "Jat Airways Review". All drinks, food and [[duty-free]] items are available during the flight.
* '''Jat Business Class'''
Includes copy of ''Jat Airways Review'' magazine, large black leather seats with limited reclining capabilities, and stowaway tray tables. From August 2012 the business class seats will be progressively replaced by economy class grey leather seats. However, the middle seat will be left unoccupied for greater leg space and comfort.
* '''Jat Economy Class'''
Includes copy of ''Jat Airways Review'' magazine, dark blue leather seats with limited reclining capabilities, and stowaway tray tables. From August 2012, the airline began refurbishing its Boeing 737-300 economy class section by replacing the seats with grey leather seating.

===Frequent Flyer===
"Extra Flight Club" is Jat Airways [[frequent-flyer program]]. The program works whereby passengers register each time they fly with Jat, gaining bonus points in return. After the appropriate number of points is collected, passengers are issued a free ticket.

===Charters===
Jat Airways organizes individual and group charter flights on all types of Jat Airways aircraft, both domestic and international. The users of this service include tourist agencies, sports teams and fans, artistic groups and ensembles, as well as participants of congresses and fairs. Most charters take place during the summer time to Greek, Turkish, Egyptian, Tunisian, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French and Bulgarian holiday resorts.

===Freight===
Jat Airways offers cargo services on all destinations in its network with special cargo only flights to [[Podgorica]] and [[Tivat]] in Montenegro, in addition to passenger flights as well.

===Jat Tehnika===
{{Main|Jat Tehnika}}
Legally a separate company from Jat Airways, Jat Tehnika provides services and maintenance for Jat's fleet and other airline companies, such as [[Jet2.com]]

==Fleet==
[[File:JAT ATR.jpg|thumb|right|A Jat Airways [[ATR 72-202]] at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]]]]

At the time of rebranding and before ceasing operations under the old name in October 2013, the Jat Airways fleet consisted of the following aircraft:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/active/en/home/main_menu/about_us/fleet_v01.html|title=Jat Airways Fleet|publisher=Jat.com|access-date=7 October 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010143104/http://www.jat.com/active/en/home/main_menu/about_us/fleet_v01.html|archive-date=10 October 2012}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" 
|+ '''Jat Airways Fleet'''
|- 
!rowspan="2" |Aircraft
!rowspan="2" |In Fleet
!rowspan="2" |Orders
!colspan="3" |Passengers
!rowspan="2" |Notes
|- style="background:darkblue;"
! <abbr title="Business class">J</abbr>
! <abbr title="Economy Class">Y</abbr>
! Total
|-
|style="text-align:left;"| [[ATR 72-202]]
|align=center|3
|align=center|0
|0
|66
|66
|
|-
|style="text-align:left;"| [[ATR 72-500]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oy-reg.dk/register/6133.html|title=Danish register of civil aircraft - OY-CJT - Aeritalia/SNIAS ATR 72-500 (72-212A)}}</ref><ref>[http://aviapix-2013.blogspot.com/2013/02/rome-ciampino-lira-04.html Alitalia (operated by Carpatair) ATR 72-212A (YR-ATR) lease history]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oy-reg.dk/register/6165.html|title=Danish register of civil aircraft - OY-NAB - Aeritalia/SNIAS ATR 72-500 (72-212A)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/1926-ka-beogradu-poleteo-drugi-iznajmljeni-atr-za-jat/|title=Aviokarta.net - Ka Beogradu poleteo drugi iznajmljeni ATR za Jat|date=11 July 2013|work=Aviokarta.net|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906224944/http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/1926-ka-beogradu-poleteo-drugi-iznajmljeni-atr-za-jat/|archive-date=6 September 2013}}</ref>
|align=center|2
|align=center|0
|0
|70
|70
|
|-
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" | [[Boeing 737-300]]
|align=center|10
|align=center|0
|8
|126
|134
|Two units are stored for spare parts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aviokarta.net/vesti/1786-jat-airways-od-danas-leti-sa-samo-sedam-aviona/|title=Aviokarta.net – Jat Airways od danas leti sa samo sedam aviona|date=19 April 2013|work=Aviokarta.net|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420065441/http://aviokarta.net/vesti/1786-jat-airways-od-danas-leti-sa-samo-sedam-aviona/|archive-date=20 April 2013}}</ref>
|-
|align=center|2
|align=center|0
|12
|110
|122
|Leased from [[Bulgaria Air]]<ref name="gdeinvestirati">{{cite web|url=http://www.gdeinvestirati.com/ostale-teme-124/sektori/saobracaj/15073-jat-uzima-na-lizing-dva-aviona|title=Jat uzima na lizing dva aviona|publisher=gdeinvestirati.com|access-date=12 December 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213042638/http://www.gdeinvestirati.com/ostale-teme-124/sektori/saobracaj/15073-jat-uzima-na-lizing-dva-aviona|archive-date=13 December 2014}}</ref>
|-
!Total
!17
!0
!colspan=4|
|}

===Historical fleet===
[[File:JAT Caravelle Haafke.jpg|thumb|right|A JAT [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N]] at [[Düsseldorf Airport]], June 1973]]
[[File:JAT Yugoslav Airlines Boeing 727-2H9; YU-AKJ@ZRH;22.04.1995 (6161858547).jpg|thumb|right|JAT Yugoslav Airlines [[Boeing 727]] with classic livery, at Zürich Airport, 1995]]
[[File:JAT Bucuresti Rombac 1-11-561RC One-Eleven Haafke-1.jpg|thumb|right|JAT Yugoslav Airlines [[BAC One-Eleven]] at [[Düsseldorf Airport]], November 1989]]

Over the years, Jat Airways (JAT Yugoslav Airlines) has operated the following aircraft types:

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"
|+ '''JAT Yugoslav Airlines and Jat Airways historical fleet since 1947'''
|-
! Aircraft
! Introduced
! Retired
! Notes
|-
| [[ATR 42|ATR 42-300]]
| style="text-align:center" |1987
| style="text-align:center" |1990
|
|-
| [[ATR 72|ATR 72-201]]
| style="text-align:center" |1991
| style="text-align:center" |2011
|
|-
| [[Boeing 707-320|Boeing 707-300C]]
| style="text-align:center" |1971
| style="text-align:center" |1988
|
|-
| [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-321]]
| style="text-align:center" |1970s
| style="text-align:center" |1980s
|
|-
| [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-340C]]
| style="text-align:center" |1970s
| style="text-align:center" |1980s
|
|-
| [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-351C]]
| style="text-align:center" |1970s
| style="text-align:center" |1980s
|
|-
| [[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-200]]
| style="text-align:center" |1974
| style="text-align:center" |2005
|
|-
| [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-300]]
| style="text-align:center" |1985
| style="text-align:center" |2021
| Retired on 17 February 2021 <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-17|title=[EKSKLUZIVNO] Er Srbija povukla 737 iz upotrebe - kraj karijere duge 36 godina|url=https://tangosix.rs/2021/17/02/ekskluzivno-er-srbija-povukla-737-iz-upotrebe-kraj-karijere-duge-36-godina/|access-date=2021-10-04|website=Tango Six|language=sr-RS}}</ref>
|-
| [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-400]]
| style="text-align:center" |2003
| style="text-align:center" |2010
| Leased from [[Air One]] and [[US Airways]]
|-
| [[Convair CV-240 family|Convair CV-340]]
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
| style="text-align:center" |1960s
|
|-
| [[Convair CV-240 family|Convair CV-440 Metropolitan]]
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
| style="text-align:center" |1960s
|
|-
| [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain]]
| style="text-align:center" |1947
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
|
|-
| [[Douglas DC-3]]
| style="text-align:center" |1947
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
|
|-
| [[Douglas DC-6]]B
| style="text-align:center" |1958
| style="text-align:center" |1975
| Personal transport of [[Josip Broz Tito]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flyingbulls.at/#/en/Aircraft/Douglas-DC-6-B/About/ |title=The Flying Bulls – DC-6B History|website= flyingbulls.at|access-date=13 November 2013}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ilyushin Il-14]]M
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
| style="text-align:center" |1960s
|
|-
| [[Junkers Ju 52]]
| style="text-align:center" |1947
| style="text-align:center" |1950s
|
|-
| [[Lockheed L-1011 TriStar|Lockheed L-1011-500 TriStar]]
| style="text-align:center" |1989
| style="text-align:center" |1989
| Leased from [[Royal Jordanian]]
|-
| [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9|McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32]]
| style="text-align:center" |1969
| style="text-align:center" |2005
|
|-
| [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10|McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]]
| style="text-align:center" |1978
| style="text-align:center" |2005
|
|-
| [[BAC One-Eleven|Rombac 1-11-561RC]]
| style="text-align:center" |1990
| style="text-align:center" |1990
| Leased from [[TAROM]]
|-
| [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N]]
| style="text-align:center" |1963
| style="text-align:center" |1976
|
|}

==Miscellaneous==

The [[Aeroput MMS-3]] (reg. as YU-SAR)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://img403.imageshack.us/img403/4021/mms3.jpg |title=Mms3.JPG (425x302 pixels) |access-date=17 November 2009 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711131126/http://img403.imageshack.us/img403/4021/mms3.jpg |archive-date=11 July 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> became the first passenger aircraft designed and made in Serbia in 1934 under Aeroput's brand name. Also [[Aeroput]] ordered two [[Spartan Cruiser|Spartan Cruiser II]] aircraft and a licence to build further aircraft of the same type. In 1935 one Cruiser II (reg. as YU-SAP)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://img301.imageshack.us/i/spartanh.jpg/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720011158/http://img301.imageshack.us/i/spartanh.jpg/|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 July 2012|title=ImageShack – Image Page|work=ImageShack}}</ref> was built under Spartan's licence for Aeroput by [[Zmaj aircraft]] company in [[Zemun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/yugo/yugo-aviation-industry.htm|author=aeroflight.co.uk|title=Yugoslavia – the aviation industry|publisher=Aeroflight.co.uk|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

In 1953, JAT began organizing their flights with the introduction of flight codes. The first code, JU720 was used on the [[Belgrade]] - [[Zagreb]] - [[Ljubljana]] route, while the return flight took the code JU721.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years">{{cite web|url=http://www.airliners.net/aviation-forums/general_aviation/read.main/3463739/?searchid=3463739&s=jat|title=JAT: 80 Years}}</ref>

Towards the end of August 1959, JAT transported its millionth passenger since the founding of the company back in 1927.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

Former JAT [[flight attendant]], [[Vesna Vulović]], holds the world record in surviving the highest [[free fall]] with no [[parachute]], when she fell from {{convert|10160|m|ft|abbr=off}} after the aircraft she was on, was destroyed by a bomb.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.super70s.com/super70s/Tech/Aviation/Disasters/72-01-26(Yugoslav).asp|author=Patrick Mondout|title=Stewardess Survives 33,000ft Crash}}</ref>

A JAT [[Boeing 707-320|Boeing 707-321]] (YU-AGA) flew around the world. Commencing on 10 November 1974, the flight took 19 days to complete, flying: [[Belgrade]] - [[Beirut]] - [[Bombay]] - [[Singapore]] - [[Tokyo]] - [[Honolulu]] - [[Los Angeles]] - [[New York City|New York]] - [[London]] - [[Belgrade]].<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

On 13 February 1978, Marija Todev gave birth in a Boeing 707 (YU-AGI) at Jat flight Belgrade - [[Sydney]]. The boy was named "Jatko".<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

In 1978, a wide body [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30]] (which was chosen over the [[Boeing 747-200]]) was purchased to succeed the Boeing 707s on the longer-haul routes, although the 707s stayed in service into the 1980s on ad hoc charters and as scheduled-flight replacement aircraft.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

On 16 February 1979, the first-ever picture auction in world aviation history is held in JAT DC-10 (YU-AMA) on a scheduled [[Belgrade]] - [[Zagreb]] - [[New York City|New York]] flight.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

Jat Airways was the first operator of the [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-300]] aircraft in Europe. It arrived at the Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport on 8 August 1985 as YU-AND.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightlevel350.com/Boeing-737_aircraft_facts.html|title=Boeing 737 Aircraft Facts, Dates and History|publisher=Flightlevel350.com|access-date=7 October 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119134138/http://www.flightlevel350.com/Boeing-737_aircraft_facts.html|archive-date=19 January 2013}}</ref> This aircraft was withdrawn from service in February 2020 and is awaiting to be preserved.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.exyuaviation.com/2020/12/worlds-oldest-passenger-737-300-in.html? | title = World's oldest passenger 737-300 in operation turns 35 | date = 20 December 2020}}</ref>

Jat Airways was to become the first operator of the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-11]] aircraft. However, due to the break-up of Yugoslavia and the imposition of sanctions on Serbia, the aircraft were never delivered.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

In 1985, a JAT Yugoslav Airlines flight picked up [[Muhammad Zaidan|Abu Abbas]] in [[Rome]], Italy as he sought political asylum in [[SFRJ|Yugoslavia]] after U.S. authorities requested his arrest.<ref>{{cite news|author=Michael White, Campbell Page and Barney Petrovic |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/1985/oct/14/usa.italy |title=US foiled as hijack 'leader' vanishes &#124; World news &#124; guardian.co.uk |newspaper=Guardian |access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

In 2002, the company utilized its fleet for [[United Nations|UN missions]] in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] during the [[Second Congo War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/JAT---Yugoslav/McDonnell-Douglas-DC-10-30/0246736/&sid=15a9af4e8af3e79496b908b18fe6a57c|title=Photos: McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 Aircraft Pictures|publisher=Airliners.net|date=20 June 2002|access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

JAT began its anti-smoking campaign with ban smoking on its domestic flights in 1987. From 5 April 2002 is prohibited smoking on all Jat flights.<ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

In 2004, Jat Airways was named one of the safest airlines in Europe by the [[International Air Transport Association|IATA]]. Jat Airways pilots are considered among the best trained pilots in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jat.com/system/en/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/12628.html|title=Jat Receives Its Second IOSA Certificate|publisher=Jat.com|access-date=7 October 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719122122/http://www.jat.com/system/en/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/12628.html|archive-date=19 July 2013}}</ref>

The body of former president [[Slobodan Milošević]] was transported to Serbia for burial on a Jat Airways regular commercial flight from [[Amsterdam]] on 15 March 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2006-03-15-milosevic-burial_x.htm |title=Body of Milosevic arrives in Belgrade |publisher=Usatoday. Com |date=15 March 2006 |access-date=7 October 2012}}</ref>

Since 1994, Jat Airways has used the following slogans: In safe hands (''U sigurnim rukama'') <small>[2010–present]</small>, The best fly with Jat (''Najbolji lete „Jatom“'') <small>[2007–2010]</small> and More than Flying (''Više od letenja'') <small>[1994–2007]</small><ref name="JAT: 80 Years"/>

On 19 January 2008, in Jat's Boeing 737-300 plane on the regular line Belgrade - [[Stockholm]], at an altitude of 10,000 meters married Birgitta Berglund from Sweden and Predrag Marković from Serbia. The newlyweds with champagne, St. George's poem (Djurdjevdan), a cake, applause and congratulations of 117 passengers on the flight JU374, fateful said "yes" in the presence of the godfathers Lela Ristić from Jat Media Center and Vesna Jovanović, stewardess – purser.<ref name="jat2">{{cite web | url = http://www.jat.com/system/sr-cyrillic/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/19459.html | title = Jat Airways – Вест Саопштење за јавност: Венчање у авиону Јат ервејза | access-date = 23 April 2011 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131007015800/http://www.jat.com/system/sr-cyrillic/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/19459.html | archive-date = 7 October 2013 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>

==Accidents and incidents==
[[File:Jasmina Karančić stevardesa JATa (poginula u nesreči 11.9.1973).jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Grave of [[flight attendant]] Jasmina Karančić who died on 11 September 1973 accident]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Fatal
|-
! Date !! Aircraft type !! Fatalities !! Description
|-
|{{center|21 September 1950}} || {{center|[[Douglas Aircraft Company|Douglas]] [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|C-47A-25-DK]] YU-ABC}} ||align=center|{{center|10/11}} ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft struck Mount [[Medvednica]] while on approach to [[Lučko Airfield|Lučko Airport]]. All except one of the 11 onboard were killed, the sole survivor being the radio operator of the flight, Nikola Jovanović.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/336082|title=Accident Douglas C-47A-25-DK (DC-3) YU-ABC, Thursday 21 September 1950|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://achtungskyhawk.com/tag/jat-dc-3/|title=History – Cold Case: The Last Flight of Dakota YU-ABC|website=Achtung, Skyhawk!}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|29 June 1951}} || {{center|[[Avions Amiot]] AAC.1 Toucan ([[Junkers Ju 52|Ju 52]]) YU-ACE}} ||align=center|{{center|14/14}} ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft struck Mount [[Risnjak]] shortly after takeoff from [[Rijeka Airport]], all 14 occupants killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/335845|title=Accident Amiot AAC.1 (Junkers Ju-52) YU-ACE, Friday 29 June 1951|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paluba.info/smf/index.php?topic=29753.0;imode|title=Jedanaest najgorih avionskih nesreća u povijesti bivše Jugoslavije|website=Paluba.Info}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|22 October 1951}} || {{center|[[Douglas Aircraft Company|Douglas]] [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain| C-47A-20-DK]] YU-ACC}} ||align=center|{{center|12/12}} ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft crashed on approach to [[Skopje International Airport|Skopje Airport]], none of the 12 onboard survived.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/335756|title=Accident Douglas C-47A-20-DK (DC-3) YU-ACC, Monday 22 October 1951|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.mk/skopje-airport-one-century-of-aviation-history/|title=Skopje Airport – One century of aviation history|website=History.mk}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|10 October 1955}} || {{center|[[Convair]] [[Convair CV-240 family|CV-340-58]] YU-ADC}} ||align=center|{{center|7/29}} ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft struck Mount [[Kahlenberg]] while on approach to [[Vienna International Airport|Vienna Airport]]. Among the  29 occupants onboard, the captain and 6 passengers received fatal injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/334811|title=Accident Convair CV-340-58 YU-ADC, Monday 10 October 1955|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.austriasites.com/vienna/bezirk19_leopoldsberg.htm|title=Wien - Leopoldsberg|website=Austriasites}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|22 December 1956}} || {{center|[[Convair]] [[Convair CV-240 family|CV-340-58]] YU-ADA}} ||align=center|{{center|3/30}} ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft crashed on approach to [[Munich-Riem Airport]]. There were 3 fatalities out the 30 occupants, the captain, a flight attendant, and a passenger did not survive.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/334566|title=Accident Convair CV-340-58 YU-ADA, Saturday 22 December 1956|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://balkanimozaik.hu/az-otvenes-evek-legibalesetei-az-egykori-jugoszlaviaban/|title=Az ötvenes évek légibalesetei az egykori Jugoszláviában|website=Történetek A Balkánról}}</ref>
|-
|{{center|26 January 1972}} || {{center|[[McDonnell Douglas]]<br />[[McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32|DC-9-32]]<br />[[JAT Flight 367|YU-AHT]]}} ||align=center|{{center|27/28}} ||style="text-align:center;"|[[JAT Flight 367|Flight JU 367]], [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32]] was destroyed in flight following an explosion, later suspected to have been a terrorist act. Of the 28 passengers and crew members on board, 27 died, with flight attendant [[Vesna Vulović]] being the sole survivor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/330609|title=Unlawful Interference McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 YU-AHT, Wednesday 26 January 1972|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-wednesday-edition-1.3914159/remembering-vesna-vulovi%C4%87-flight-attendant-who-survived-10-000-metre-fall-from-plane-1.3914164|title=Remembering Vesna Vulović, flight attendant who survived 10,000-metre fall from plane|website=[[CBC News]]}}</ref>
|-
|nowrap| {{center|11 September 1973}} || {{center|[[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N]] <br />YU-AHD}} ||align=center|{{center|41/41}} ||style="text-align:center;"|[[JAT Airways Flight 769|Flight JU 769]] is JAT's most recent accident with loss of life. The aircraft struck the Babin Zub peak on [[Maganik]] mountain near [[Podgorica]], at 6,300 feet while descending from 9,000 to 6,000 feet in [[Instrument meteorological conditions|IMC]] conditions on flight from [[Skopje]] to [[Titograd]] (today known as Podgorica), killing all 41 passengers and crew members on board. Allegedly, the flight was instructed to start descent, although the aircraft was not visible on radar (which were allegedly not working well at the time) nor could the control tower staff on [[Podgorica Airport]] make visual contact with the aircraft. At the time of the flight, there weren't any qualified staff at the control tower in Podgorica.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/330093|title=Accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N YU-AHD, Tuesday 11 September 1973|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.vijesti.me/news-b/society/264293/remembering-the-tragedy-of-four-decades-since-the-biggest-plane-crash-in-Montenegro|title=Remembering the tragedy: Four decades since the biggest plane crash in Montenegro|website=[[Vijesti]]}}</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Non-fatal
|-
! Date !! Aircraft type !! Fatalities !! Description
|-
|nowrap| {{center|23 November 1974 }}|| {{center|[[McDonnell Douglas]] [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9|DC-9-32]]<br />YU-AJN}} ||align=center|None ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft crashed 1 mile short of the runway after losing visual contact while on an approach at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport|Belgrade Surčin Airport]]. None of the 50 passengers were hurt.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/329775|title=Accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 YU-AJN, Saturday 23 November 1974|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref>
|-
||{{center|16 August 1980}} || {{center|[[Boeing]] [[Boeing 707-320|707-340C]] <br />YU-AGG}} ||align=center|None ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft overran [[Stockholm]]'s [[Stockholm-Arlanda Airport|Arlanda Airport]] runway 26 while landing in a thunderstorm blowing several tyres and receiving mud in all 4 engines. There were no fatalities in the incident. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/68414|title=Incident Boeing 707-340C YU-AGG, Saturday 16 August 1980|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref>
|-
||{{center|4 October 2009}} || {{center|[[Boeing]] [[Boeing 737|737-300]] <br />YU-ANV}} ||align=center|None ||style="text-align:center;"|The aircraft overran [[Istanbul]]'s [[Istanbul Ataturk Airport|Atatürk Airport]] runway while landing en route from [[Belgrade]] by 50 metres. All 125 passengers and six crew were safely evacuated.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/68414|title=Runway excursion Incident Boeing 737-3H9 YU-ANV, Sunday 4 October 2009|website=aviationsafety.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2009/10/05/jat-airways-plane-skids-off-runway/|title=Jat Airways Plane Skids Off Runway|website=[[Balkan Insight]]}}</ref>
|}

==General directors (1990–2013)==
* [[Tomislav Stojčić]] (1990) 
* [[Miodrag Vasiljević (executive)|Miodrag Vasiljević]] (1 December 1990 – 22 June 1991)
* [[Živko Markićević]] (23 June 1991 – 4 March 1992)
* [[Žika Petrović]] (5 March 1992 – 24 April 2000)
* [[Mihajlo Vujinović]] (5 July 2000 – 19 April 2001)
* [[Dušan Kostić]] (24 April 2001 – 26 October 2001)
* [[Predrag Vujović (executive)|Predrag Vujović]] (26 October 2001 – 25 March 2004)
* [[Aleksandar Milutinović]] (25 March 2004 – 18 February 2005)
* [[Nebojša Starčević]] (18 February 2005 – 25 October 2007) (acting to 28 September 2006)
* [[Saša Vlaisavljević]] (25 October 2007 – 2 July 2009)
* [[Srđan Radovanović]] (2 July 2009 – 8 December 2010)
* [[Vladimir Ognjanović]] (8 December 2010 – 8 May 2013) (acting)
* [[Velibor Vukašinović]] (8 May 2013 – 11 September 2013) (acting)
* [[Dane Kondić]] (11 September 2013 – 26 October 2013)

==See also==
{{Portal|Serbia|Aviation}}
* [[Aeroput]]
* [[Air Yugoslavia]]
* [[Transport in Serbia#Air transport|Air transport in Serbia]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group="note"}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071006172414/http://www.jat.com/active/en/home.html Official website] (2006–2013)
* [http://www.yurope.com/jat/index.html Official website] (1997–2006)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150524021240/http://www.jatairways.in/ Jat Airways] (India)

{{Jat Airways Group}}
{{Airlines of Serbia}}
{{Airlines of Yugoslavia}}

[[Category:Jat Airways| ]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:2013 disestablishments in Serbia]]
[[Category:Airlines established in 1947]]
[[Category:Defunct airlines of Serbia]]
[[Category:Airlines of Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Defunct companies of Serbia]]
[[Category:Airlines disestablished in 2013]]