View source for Jim Peebles

{{short description|Canadian-American astrophysicist and cosmologist (born 1935)}}
{{for multi|the American football player|Jim Peebles (American football)|the Australian rugby league player|Jim Peebles (rugby league)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Jim Peebles
| honorific_suffix  = {{post-nominals|country=CAN|CC|OM|FRS|size=100%}}
| image             = Jim Peebles (cropped 2).jpg
| caption           = Peebles in 2010
| birth_name        = Phillip James Edwin Peebles
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|1935|4|25}}
| birth_place       = [[Winnipeg]], [[Manitoba]], Canada
| death_date        =
| death_place       =
| children          = 3
| spouse            = {{marriage|Alison Peebles|1958}}
| citizenship       = Canadian, American
| education         = [[University of Manitoba]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])}}<br />[[Princeton University]] {{small|([[Master of Science|MS]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])}}
| known_for         = [[Cosmic microwave background radiation]]<br>[[Cosmic infrared background]]<br>[[Cold dark matter]]<br>[[Lyman-alpha emitter]]<br>[[Primordial isocurvature baryon model]]<br>[[Quintessence (physics)|Quintessence]]<br>[[Recombination (cosmology)|Recombination]]<br>[[Ostriker–Peebles criterion]]
| awards            = [[Eddington Medal]] (1981)<br />[[Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics|Heineman Prize]] (1982)<br />[[Bruce Medal]] (1995)<br />[[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] (1998)<br />[[Gruber Prize in Cosmology|Gruber Prize]] (2000)<br />[[Harvey Prize]] (2001)<br />[[Shaw Prize]] (2004)<br />[[Crafoord Prize]] (2005)<br />[[Dirac Medal (ICTP)|Dirac Medal]] (2013) <br />[[Order of Manitoba]] (2017) <br />[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (2019)
| fields            = [[Theoretical physics]]<br />[[Physical cosmology]]
| workplaces        = [[Princeton University]]<br />[[Institute for Advanced Study]]
| thesis_title      = Observational tests and theoretical problems relating to the conjecture that the strength of the electromagnetic interaction may be variable
| thesis_url        = https://www.proquest.com/docview/302111786/
| thesis_year       = 1962
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Robert Dicke]]
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = {{ublist|[[Margaret J. Geller]]|[[Stuart L. Shapiro]]}}
| notable_students  =
}}

'''Phillip James Edwin Peebles''' {{post-nominals|country=CAN|CC|OM|FRS}} (born April 25, 1935) is a [[Canadians|Canadian]]-[[Americans|American]] [[astrophysicist]], astronomer, and theoretical [[physical cosmology|cosmologist]] who was [[Albert Einstein Professor in Science]], emeritus, at [[Princeton University]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.princeton.edu/physics/about-us/history/memorable-members/john-wheeler/ |title=Princeton University Physics Department |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511222857/http://www.princeton.edu/physics/about-us/history/memorable-members/john-wheeler/ |archive-date=May 11, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/A94/84/71G20/index.xml |title=Princeton University News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413193815/https://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/A94/84/71G20/index.xml |archive-date=April 13, 2016 }}</ref> He is widely regarded as one of the world's leading [[theoretical cosmology|theoretical cosmologists]] in the period since 1970, with major theoretical contributions to [[primordial nucleosynthesis]], [[dark matter]], the [[cosmic microwave background]], and [[structure formation]].

Peebles was awarded half of the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 2019 for his theoretical discoveries in [[physical cosmology]].<ref name="SA-20191012">{{cite news |last=Hooper |first=Dan |title=A Well-Deserved Physics Nobel - Jim Peebles' award honors modern cosmological theory at last |url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/a-well-deserved-physics-nobel/ |date=October 12, 2019 |work=[[Scientific American]] |access-date=October 13, 2019 }}</ref> He shared the prize with [[Michel Mayor]] and [[Didier Queloz]] for their discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a sun-like star.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2019/summary/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019|publisher= [[Nobel Media AB]]|access-date= October 8, 2019}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20191008">{{cite news |last1=Chang |first1=Kenneth |last2=Specia |first2=Megan |title=Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded for Cosmic Discoveries - The cosmologist James Peebles split the prize with the astrophysicists Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz, for work the Nobel judges said "transformed our ideas about the cosmos." |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/08/science/nobel-prize-physics.html |date=October 8, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=October 8, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kaplan |first1=Sarah |title=Nobel Prize in physics awarded for research on exoplanets and the structure of the universe |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2019/10/08/nobel-prize-physics-awarded-research-exoplanets-structure-universe/?wpisrc=nl_optimist&wpmm=1 |access-date=13 October 2019 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=8 October 2019}}</ref>  While much of his work relates to the development of the universe from its first few seconds, he is more skeptical about what we can know about the very beginning, and stated, "It's very unfortunate that one thinks of the beginning whereas in fact, we have no good theory of such a thing as the beginning."<ref name="PHY-20191114">{{cite news |last=Couronne |first=Ivan |title=Top cosmologist's lonely battle against 'Big Bang' theory |url=https://phys.org/news/2019-11-cosmologist-lonely-big-theory.html |date=November 14, 2019 |work=[[Phys.org]] |access-date=November 14, 2019 }}</ref>

Peebles has described himself as a convinced [[agnosticism|agnostic]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/25507-2|title=Jim Peebles - Session II|date=2015-04-01|website=www.aip.org|language=en|access-date=2019-10-29}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Peebles was born on April 25, 1935, in St. Vital in present-day [[Winnipeg]], [[Manitoba]], Canada, the son of Ada Marion (Green), a homemaker, and Andrew Charles Peebles, who worked for the [[Winnipeg Grain Exchange]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=piQvAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Andrew+Charles+Peebles%22 |title=Notable Scientists from 1900 to the Present |volume=4 (N–S) |editor-first=Brigham |editor-last=Narins |publisher=Gale Group |year=2001 |edition=2 |isbn=9780787617554 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> He completed his [[Bachelor of Science]] at the [[University of Manitoba]]. He then went on to pursue graduate studies at [[Princeton University]], where he received his [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degree in physics in 1962, completing a doctoral dissertation titled "Observational Tests and Theoretical Problems Relating to the Conjecture That the Strength of the Electromagnetic Interaction May Be Variable" under the supervision of [[Robert Dicke]].<ref name="thesis-peebles-1962">{{cite thesis |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/302111786 |title=Observational tests and theoretical problems relating to the conjecture that the strength of the electromagnetic interaction may be variable |date=1962 |publisher=[[Princeton University]] |degree=PhD |last=Peebles |first=Phillip James Edwin |id={{ProQuest|302111786}} |url-access=subscription |oclc=83718695}}</ref> He remained at Princeton for his whole career. Peebles was a Member in the School of Natural Sciences at the [[Institute for Advanced Study]] during the academic year 1977–78; he made subsequent visits during 1990–91 and 1998–99.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ias.edu/scholars/phillip-james-e-peebles|title=Phillip James E. Peebles|website=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]|access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>

==Academic career==
Most of Peebles's work since 1964 has been in the field of [[physical cosmology]] to determine the origins of the universe. In 1964, there was very little interest in this field and it was considered a "dead end" but Peebles remained committed to studying it.<ref name="princeton nobel">{{cite web | url = https://www.princeton.edu/news/2019/10/08/joy-ride-career-peebles-wins-nobel-prize-physics-tackling-big-questions-about | title =  A 'joy ride' of a career: Peebles wins Nobel Prize in Physics for tackling big questions about the universe | first = Tom | last = Garlinghouse | date = October 8, 2019 | access-date = October 9, 2019 | publisher = [[Princeton University]] }}</ref> Peebles has made many important contributions to the [[Big Bang]] model. With Dicke and others (nearly two decades after [[George Gamow]], [[Ralph A. Alpher]] and [[Robert Herman|Robert C. Herman]]), Peebles predicted the [[cosmic microwave background radiation]]. Along with making major contributions to [[Big Bang nucleosynthesis]], [[dark matter]], and [[dark energy]], he was the leading pioneer in the theory of cosmic [[structure formation]] in the 1970s. Long before it was considered a serious, quantitative branch of physics, Peebles was studying physical cosmology and has done much to establish its respectability.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ias.edu/ideas/2015/thomas-general-relativity|title=General Relativity's Influence and Mysteries|website=Institute for Advanced Study|date=December 10, 2015 |language=en|access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref> Peebles said, "It was not a single step, some critical discovery that suddenly made cosmology relevant but the field gradually emerged through a number of experimental observations. Clearly one of the most important during my career was the detection of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation that immediately attracted attention [...] both experimentalists interested in measuring the properties of this radiation and theorists, who joined in analyzing the implications".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ep-news.web.cern.ch/content/interview-james-peebles|title=Interview with James Peebles|website= CERN EP newsletter|language=en|access-date=May 4, 2016}}</ref>  His Shaw Prize citation states "He laid the foundations for almost all modern investigations in cosmology, both theoretical and observational, transforming a highly speculative field into a precision science."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=3&twoid=53&threeid=67&fourid=123|title=Announcement-The Shaw Laureate in Astronomy 2004|publisher=Shaw Foundation|access-date=January 27, 2016|archive-date=February 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203072700/http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=3&twoid=53&threeid=67&fourid=123|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Peebles has a long record of innovating the basic ideas, which would be extensively studied later by other scientists. For instance, in 1987, he proposed the [[primordial isocurvature baryon model]] for the development of the early universe.<ref>Hu (June 28, 1994)</ref> Similarly, Peebles contributed to establishing the dark matter problem in the early 1970s.<ref name=DeSwart2024>{{cite journal |last1=de Swart |first1=Jaco |date=1 August 2024 |title=Five decades of missing mass |journal=[[Physics Today]] |volume=77 |pages=34–43 | doi=10.1063/pt.ozhk.lfeb |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=de Swart|first1=J. G.|last2=Bertone|first2=G. |last3=van Dongen|first3=J. |title=How dark matter came to matter|journal=[[Nature Astronomy]] |date=2017|volume=1|issue=3 |pages=0059|id=[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-017-0059 0059] |doi=10.1038/s41550-017-0059|arxiv = 1703.00013 |bibcode = 2017NatAs...1E..59D |s2cid=119092226}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=de Swart |first=Jaco |editor-last1=Blum |editor-first1=Alexander |editor-last2=Lalli |editor-first2=Roberto |editor-last3=Renn |editor-first3=Jürgen  |title=The Renaissance of General Relativity in Context  |publisher=Birkhäuser, Cham |date=2020 |pages=257–284 |chapter=Closing in on the Cosmos: Cosmology's Rebirth and the Rise of the Dark Matter Problem |series=Einstein Studies |volume=16 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-50754-1_8 |arxiv=1903.05281 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-50754-1_8 |isbn=978-3-030-50754-1|s2cid=84832146 }}</ref> Peebles is also known for the [[Ostriker–Peebles criterion]], relating to the stability of [[Galaxy formation and evolution|galactic formation]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=01yNf7mipb0C&pg=PA374|title=Galactic Dynamics |last1=Binney|first1=James |last2=Tremaine|first2=Scott |date=1987|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9780691084459|pages=374|language=en}}</ref>

Peebles's body of work was recognized with him being named a 2019 Nobel Laureate in Physics, "for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology"; Peebles shared half the prize with [[Michel Mayor]] and [[Didier Queloz]] who had been the first to discover an [[exoplanet]] around a [[main sequence]] star.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/08/science/nobel-physics.html | title = Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded for Studies of Earth's Place in the Universe | first1 = Kenneth | last1 = Chang | first2 = Megan | last2 = Specia | date = October 8, 2019 | access-date = October 9, 2019 | work = [[The New York Times]] }}</ref>

Peebles was elected as a member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1977 and a member of the [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1988.<ref>{{Cite web|title=P. James E. Peebles|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/p-james-e-peebles|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|language=en|access-date=2020-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=P. James E. Peebles|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/8884.html|website=www.nasonline.org|access-date=2020-05-11}}</ref>

== Honours ==
; Awards
{{div col |colwidth=35em}}
* [[Fellow of the American Physical Society]] (1964)<ref>{{cite web|title=APS Fellow Archive|url=https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/archive-all.cfm?initial=&year=1964&unit_id=&institution=Princeton+University}}</ref>
* [[Eddington Medal]] (1981)<ref name=Weintraub>{{cite book |last1=Weintraub |first1=David A. |title=How Old Is the Universe? |date=2011 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691147314 |page=317 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oWmGcsV7N6sC |access-date=October 8, 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics|Heineman Prize]] (1982)<ref>{{cite web |title=Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics {{!}} American Astronomical Society |url=https://aas.org/grants-and-prizes/dannie-heineman-prize-astrophysics |website=aas.org |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] (1982)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/phillip-peebles-12070/|title=Phillip Peebles biography|publisher= [[Royal Society]]|access-date= January 24, 2017}}</ref>
* [[Henry Norris Russell Lectureship]] (1993)<ref name=Weintraub />
* [[Bruce Medal]] (1995)<ref>{{cite web |title=The Bruce Medalists |url=http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/brucemedalists/ |website=www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Oskar Klein Memorial Lecture|Oskar Klein Medal]] (1997)<ref>{{cite web |title=Earlier Lectures – Oskar Klein Centre |url=http://www.okc.albanova.se/research/memorial-lecture/earlier-lectures |website=www.okc.albanova.se |access-date=October 8, 2019 |archive-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104135719/http://www.okc.albanova.se/research/memorial-lecture/earlier-lectures |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society]] (1998)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Williams |first1=D. A. |title=Prof. P.J.E. Peebles: 1998 Gold Medal |url=https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article/40/3/3.6/197418/ |journal=Astronomy & Geophysics |volume=40 |issue=3 |access-date=October 8, 2019 |pages=3.6–a–3.6 |language=en |doi=10.1093/astrog/40.3.3.6-a |date=June 1, 1999}}</ref>
* [[Gruber Prize in Cosmology]] (2000), with [[Allan Sandage]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2000 Gruber Cosmology Prize {{!}} Gruber Foundation |url=https://gruber.yale.edu/prize/2000-gruber-cosmology-prize |website=gruber.yale.edu |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Harvey Prize]] (2001)<ref>{{cite web |title=Princeton Announcements, June 2001 – Archived |url=http://www.princeton.edu/webannounce/Princeton_Announcements/Archived/2001/JUN_Text.html |website=www.princeton.edu |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Shaw Prize]] (2004)<ref>{{cite web |title=The Shaw Prize - Top prizes for astronomy, life science and mathematics |url=http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=3&twoid=53 |website=www.shawprize.org |access-date=October 8, 2019 |archive-date=April 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405041510/http://www.shawprize.org/en/shaw.php?tmp=3&twoid=53 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Member of [[the American Philosophical Society]] (2004)<ref>{{cite web |title=American Philosophical Society Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=P.+James+E.+Peebles&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|website=www.amphilsoc.org |access-date=June 9, 2021}}</ref>
* [[Crafoord Prize]] with [[James E. Gunn (astronomer)|James E. Gunn]] and [[Martin Rees]] (2005)<ref>{{cite web |title=The Crafoord Prize 2005 |url=https://www.crafoordprize.se/press_release/the-crafoord-prize-2005 |website=www.crafoordprize.se |date=January 26, 2005 |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* Hitchcock Professorship (2006)<ref>{{cite web |title=Charles M. and Martha Hitchcock Lectures {{!}} Series {{!}} Berkeley Graduate Lectures |url=https://gradlectures.berkeley.edu/series/hitchcock/ |website=gradlectures.berkeley.edu |access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* [[Dirac Medal (ICTP)|Dirac Medal]] (2013)<ref>{{cite web |title=Faculty AwardRD: Peebles awarded 2013 Dirac Medal for work in theoretical physics |url=https://www.princeton.edu/news/2013/08/14/faculty-award-peebles-awarded-2013-dirac-medal-work-theoretical-physics |website=Princeton University |access-date=October 8, 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* Member of the [[Order of Manitoba]] (2017)<ref>{{cite news |title=12 Manitobans to receive province's highest honour this summer |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/order-of-manitoba-recipients-1.4111916 |access-date=October 8, 2019 |work=[[CBC.ca]] |date=May 12, 2017}}</ref>
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2019/summary/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019|publisher= [[Nobel Media AB]]|access-date= October 8, 2019}}</ref>
* Elected a Legacy Fellow of the [[American Astronomical Society]] in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aas.org/grants-and-prizes/aas-fellows|title=AAS Fellows|publisher=AAS|access-date=30 September 2020}}</ref>
* Named by the [[Carnegie Corporation of New York]] as an honoree of the [[Great Immigrants Award]] in 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.carnegie.org/awards/honoree/james-peebles/|title=James Peebles|publisher=Carnegie Corporation of New York|access-date=11 June 2021}}</ref>
* Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]] (2024)<ref>{{cite web |title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#science-exploration|website=achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

; Named after him
* [[Asteroid]] [[18242 Peebles]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rasc.ca/asteroid/18242 |title=Asteroid (18242) Peebles|date=April 30, 2012 |publisher=Royal Astronomical Society of Canada  |access-date=October 9, 2019}}</ref>
{{clear}}

== Publications ==
* Peebles, P.J.E. (1971). ''Physical Cosmology''. Princeton University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (1980). ''Large-Scale Structure of the Universe''. Princeton University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (1992). ''Quantum Mechanics'' (1st Printing ed.). Princeton University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (1993). ''Principles of Physical Cosmology'' (n ed.). Princeton University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (2009). ''Finding the Big Bang'' (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (2020). ''Cosmology's Century''. Princeton University Press.
* Peebles, P.J.E. (2022). ''The Whole Truth''. Princeton University Press.<ref>{{Cite web|last=PUP|title=Phillip James Edwin Peebles Books {{!}} List of books by author Phillip James Edwin Peebles|url=https://press.princeton.edu/our-authors/peebles-p-j-e|access-date=2023-01-15|website=PrincetonUniversityPress|language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Div col |colwidth=40em |small=yes}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Davis | first1 = M. | author-link = Marc Davis (astronomer) | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 1983 | title = A survey of galaxy redshifts. V – The two-point position and velocity correlations | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 267 | page = 465 | doi=10.1086/160884 | bibcode=1983ApJ...267..465D}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Dicke | first1 = R.H. | author-link4 = David Todd Wilkinson | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | last3 = Roll | first3 = P.G. | last4 = Wilkinson | first4 = D.T. | year = 1965 | title = Cosmic Black-Body Radiation | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 142 | page = 414 | doi=10.1086/148306 | bibcode=1965ApJ...142..414D}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Fukugita | first1 = M. | last2 = Hogan | first2 = C.J. | last3 = Peebles | first3 = P.J.E. | year = 1998 | title = The cosmic baryon budget | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 503 | issue = 2| page = 518 | doi=10.1086/306025 | bibcode=1998ApJ...503..518F|arxiv = astro-ph/9712020 | s2cid = 15836730 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Groth | first1 = E.J. | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 1977 | title = Statistical Analysis Of Catalogs Of Extragalactic Objects. 7. Two And Three Point Correlation Functions For The High-Resolution Shane-Wirtanen Catalog Of Galaxies | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 217 | page = 385 | doi=10.1086/155588 | bibcode=1977ApJ...217..385G| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ostriker | first1 = J.P. | author-link = Jeremiah P. Ostriker | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 1973 | title = A Numerical Study of the Stability of Flattened Galaxies: or, can Cold Galaxies Survive? | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 186 | page = 467 | doi=10.1086/152513 | bibcode=1973ApJ...186..467O| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | year = 1966 | title = Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. I | journal = Phys. Rev. Lett. | volume = 16 | issue = 10| page = 410 |bibcode = 1966PhRvL..16..410P |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.16.410 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | year = 1966 | title = Primordial Helium Abundance and the Primordial Fireball. II | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 146 | page = 542 | doi=10.1086/148918 | bibcode=1966ApJ...146..542P}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | last2 = Dicke | first2 = R. H. | year = 1968 | title = Origin of the Globular Star Clusters | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 154 | page = 891 | doi=10.1086/149811 | bibcode=1968ApJ...154..891P}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | year = 1969 | title = Origin of the Angular Momentum of Galaxies | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 155 | page = 393 | doi=10.1086/149876 | bibcode=1969ApJ...155..393P| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | last2 = Yu | first2 = J.T. | year = 1970 | title = Primeval adiabatic perturbation in an expanding universe | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 162 | page = 815 | doi=10.1086/150713 | bibcode=1970ApJ...162..815P}}
* {{cite book |first=P.J.E. |last=Peebles |title=Physical Cosmology |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton |year=1971}}
* {{cite book |first=P.J.E. |last=Peebles |title=The large-scale structure of the universe |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton |year=1980}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Peebles | first1 = P.J.E. | year = 1982 | title = Large-scale background temperature and mass fluctuations due to scale-invariant primeval perturbations | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 263 | page = L1 | doi=10.1086/183911 | bibcode=1982ApJ...263L...1P| doi-access = free }}
* {{cite book |first=P.J.E. |last=Peebles |title=Quantum Mechanics |url=https://archive.org/details/quantummechanics0000peeb |url-access=registration |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton |year=1992|isbn=9780691087559 }}
* {{cite book |first=P.J.E. |last=Peebles |title=Principles of Physical Cosmology |url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofphys00pjep |url-access=registration |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton |year=1993|isbn=9780691019338 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ratra | first1 = B. | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 1988 | title = Cosmology with a time-variable cosmological 'constant' | journal = Astrophys. J. | volume = 325 | page = L17 |bibcode = 1988ApJ...325L..17P |doi = 10.1086/185100 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ratra | first1 = B. | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 1988 | title = Cosmological consequences of a rolling homogeneous scalar field | journal = Phys. Rev. D | volume = 37 | issue = 12| pages = 3406–3427 | doi=10.1103/physrevd.37.3406| pmid = 9958635 |bibcode = 1988PhRvD..37.3406R | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ratra | first1 = B. | last2 = Peebles | first2 = P.J.E. | year = 2003 | title =The cosmological constant and dark energy | journal = Rev. Mod. Phys. | volume = 75 | issue = 2| pages = 559–606 |arxiv = astro-ph/0207347 |bibcode = 2003RvMP...75..559P |doi = 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559 | s2cid = 118961123 }}
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== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{wikiquote}}
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/4814 Oral history interview transcript with Jim Peebles on 27 September 1984, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives] – interview conducted by [[Martin Harwit]] at [[Princeton University]]
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/33957 Oral history interview transcript with Jim Peebles on 19 January 1988, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives] – interview conducted by [[Alan Lightman]] in [[Princeton, New Jersey]]
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/25507-1 Oral history interview transcript with Jim Peebles on 4 April 2002, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives] – Session I
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/25507-2 Oral history interview transcript with Jim Peebles on 5 April 2002, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives] – Session II
* [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Peebles/index.html Bruce Medalists]
* [https://www.princeton.edu/physics/people/display_person.xml?netid=pjep&display=faculty Personal Web page] at Princeton University ([https://www.princeton.edu/pr/pictures/l-r/peebles/ Photos])
* [https://www.ias.edu/ideas/2015/general-relativity-at-100-conference A Discussion on General Relativity by Students of John Wheeler and Bob Dicke, organized by Jim Peebles]
* {{Nobelprize}} including the Nobel Lecture on Sunday 8 December 2019 ''How Physical Cosmology Grew''
{{Nobel Prize in Physics}}
{{2019 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{Shaw Prize}}
{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:1935 births]]
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