View source for Johan Museeuw

{{short description|Belgian racing cyclist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox cyclist
| name           = Johan Museeuw
| image          = Johan Museeuw.jpg
| caption        = Museeuw in 2006
| fullname       = Johan Museeuw
| nickname       = ''The Lion of Flanders'',<br/> ''De Zeemeeuw'' (The Seagull)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/news/latest-news/13-of-the-strangest-nicknames-in-cycling-196995 |title=13 of the strangest nicknames in cycling |last1=Clarke |first1=Stuart|date=5 November 2015 |website=[[Cycling Weekly]] |access-date=11 May 2016}}</ref>
| birth_date     = {{birth date and age|1965|10|13|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Varsenare]], Belgium
| height         = {{height|m=1.84}}<ref name=JM>{{cite web |url=http://www.fietsica.be/Interview%20Musseuw.pdf |title=Charles Dauwe interview with Johan Museeuw |last1=Dauwe |first1=Charles |website=fietsica.be |access-date=18 April 2018 |archive-date=15 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615190742/http://www.fietsica.be/Interview%20Musseuw.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| weight         = {{convert|92|kg|lb stlb|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=JM/>{{efn|Fluctuated from {{convert|74|kg|lb st|abbr=on}} to {{convert|78|kg|lb st|abbr=on}} while racing.}}
| currentteam    = Retired
| discipline     = Road
| role           = Rider
| ridertype      = [[Classic cycle races|Classics]] specialist
| amateuryears1  =
| amateurteam1   =
| proyears1      = 1988–1989
| proteam1       = [[AD Renting (cycling team)|AD Renting–Mini-Flat–Enerday]]
| proyears2      = 1990–1992
| proteam2       = [[Lotto (cycling team)|Lotto]]
| proyears3      = 1993–1994
| proteam3       = [[GB-MG Maglifico|GB-MG]]
| proyears4      = 1995–2000
| proteam4       = [[Mapei (cycling team)|Mapei]]
| proyears5      = 2001–2002
| proteam5       = [[Domo–Farm Frites]]
| proyears6      = 2003–2004
| proteam6       = [[Omega Pharma–Quick-Step|Quick-Step]]
| majorwins       = '''[[Grand Tour (cycling)|Grand Tours]]'''
:'''[[Tour de France]]'''
::2 individual stages ([[1990 Tour de France|1990]])
::2 TTT stages ([[1993 Tour de France|1993]], [[1994 Tour de France|1994]])
'''[[Race stage|Stage races]]'''
:[[Four Days of Dunkirk]] (1995, 1997)
:[[Three Days of De Panne]] (1997)
'''[[Classic cycle races|One-day races and Classics]]'''
:[[UCI Road World Championships|World Road Race Championships]] ([[1996 UCI Road World Championships|1996]])
:{{nowrap|[[Belgian National Road Race Championships|National Road Race Championships]] (1992, 1996)}}
:[[Tour of Flanders (men's race)|Tour of Flanders]] ([[1993 Tour of Flanders|1993]], [[1995 Tour of Flanders|1995]], [[1998 Tour of Flanders|1998]])
:[[Paris–Roubaix]] ([[1996 Paris–Roubaix|1996]], [[2000 Paris–Roubaix|2000]], [[2002 Paris–Roubaix|2002]])
:[[Züri-Metzgete]] (1991, 1995)
:[[E3 Prijs Vlaanderen]] ([[1992 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen|1992]], [[1998 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen|1998]])
:[[Omloop Het Volk]] ([[2000 Omloop Het Volk|2000]], [[2003 Omloop Het Volk|2003]])
:[[Paris–Tours]] ([[1993 Paris–Tours|1993]])
:[[Amstel Gold Race (men's race)|Amstel Gold Race]] ([[1994 Amstel Gold Race|1994]])
:[[HEW Cyclassics]] (2002)
'''Other'''
:[[Vélo d'Or]] (1996)
:[[UCI Road World Cup]] ([[1995 UCI Road World Cup|1995]], [[1996 UCI Road World Cup|1996]])
| show-medals    = no
| medaltemplates =
{{MedalCountry|{{flagu|Belgium}}}}
{{MedalSport| Men's [[road bicycle racing]] }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[UCI Road World Championships|World Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold |[[1996 UCI Road World Championships|1996 Lugano]]|Road race}}
}}

'''Johan Museeuw''' (born 13 October 1965) is a retired Belgian professional [[road bicycle racer|road racing cyclist]] who was a professional from 1988 until 2004. Nicknamed ''The Lion of Flanders'', he was particularly successful in the [[cobbled classics]] of [[Flanders]] and Northern France and was considered one of the best [[classic cycle races|classic races]] specialists of the 1990s.

He won both the [[Tour of Flanders (men's race)|Tour of Flanders]] and [[Paris–Roubaix]] three times and was [[UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race|road world champion]] in 1996.<ref name="Lugano" /> Other notable career achievements include two individual stage wins in the [[Tour de France]], two final classifications of the [[UCI Road World Cup]], two [[Belgian National Road Race Championships|national road race championships]] and several [[classic cycle races]]. In 1996 he received the [[Vélo d'Or]], awarded annually to the rider considered to have performed the best over the year.

==Early life and amateur career==
Born in [[Varsenare]], Museeuw grew up in [[Gistel]], [[West Flanders]]. His father Eddy had been a professional cyclist for two seasons, albeit without much success. As a junior and amateur, Museeuw practiced [[cyclo-cross]] in winter and had a few minor successes on the road.

==Professional career==

===1988–1989: The early years===
Johan Museeuw started his professional career in 1988 with ADR. In 1989 he was part of the ADR team with which [[Greg LeMond]] won his second [[Tour de France]]. During the Tour, Museeuw headed the peloton for days on end for his team leader who wore the yellow jersey as leader of the [[General classification in the Tour de France|general classification]].<ref name="Vanwalleghem p11-13">Vanwalleghem, Rik (2009), Museeuw spreekt. Van Leeuw Tot Prooi, Lannoo, Belgium, {{ISBN|978-9-020976-15-1}}, p11-13</ref>

===1990–1992: Sprinter===
In 1990 he signed for the [[Lotto (cycling team)|Lotto]] team and won two prestigious stages in the [[1990 Tour de France]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rondevanvlaanderen.be/en/elite-men/history/heroes/johan-museeuw|title=Johan Museeuw|website=www.rondevanvlaanderen.be|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|publisher=Flanders Classics |access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> He won the uphill-sprint stage to [[Mont Saint-Michel]] and the final stage of the Tour in Paris, both in a mass sprint.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Lotto cycling project/historiek/1990-1994|url=http://www.nationale-loterij.be/nl/over-ons/lotto-cycling-project/historiek/1990-1994|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|publisher=Belgian National Lottery|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> In an era of successful breakaways, he was an unfortunate sprinter, being unable to win further individual stages.<ref name=":0">Elton-Walters, J. (May 2018). King of Cobbles. ''Cyclist (The Thrill of the Ride)'', (73), 76–82.</ref>

In 1991 he won several stage wins in smaller stage races and in August he won the [[Championship of Zürich]], his first win in a [[UCI Road World Cup|World Cup]] race. In 1992 he placed third in [[Milan–San Remo]], winning the peloton sprint behind [[Sean Kelly (cyclist)|Sean Kelly]] and [[Moreno Argentin]]. He won [[E3 Harelbeke]], his first cobbled semi-classic race win, and the Belgian national road race title in [[Peer, Belgium|Peer]]. He was second in the final [[Points classification in the Tour de France|points classification]] of the [[1992 Tour de France]] behind Frenchman [[Laurent Jalabert]] for the second time. He did not win a stage, despite having won every peloton sprint behind a group of escapees that year.<ref name="auto"/>

===1993–1994: First classics victories===
[[File:Museeuw Flandres 1993.jpg|thumb|left|Johan Museeuw won his first Tour of Flanders in [[1993 Tour of Flanders|1993]].]]
In 1993 he moved to [[Riso Scotti–MG Maglificio|MG-GB]], the team of manager [[Patrick Lefevere]], with whom he developed a special friendship. With Lefevere, he converted from sprinter to classics specialist. He traded his powerful sprint for more endurance and stamina that allowed him to compete in the spring classics, specializing in the [[cobbled classics]] [[Paris–Roubaix]] and the [[Tour of Flanders (men's race)|Tour of Flanders]]. He had a strong spring campaign in 1993: after winning a stage in [[Paris–Nice]] and [[Dwars door Vlaanderen]], he started as one of the favourites in the [[Tour of Flanders (men's race)|Tour of Flanders]]. Museeuw won the Tour of Flanders in a two-man sprint with [[Frans Maassen]], taking his first win in a monument classic. In the [[1993 Tour de France]] he wore the yellow jersey for two days after a strong prologue and [[team time trial]], and he placed second in the final points classification a third time. At the end of 1993, he won [[Paris–Tours]], taking his third World Cup win.

[[File:Museeuw Flandres 1994.jpg|thumb|left|Museeuw missed his second Tour of Flanders win by 7&nbsp;mm in [[1994 Tour of Flanders|1994]].]]
In 1994 he won [[Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne]] and was a front-runner in all cobbled classics, but could win none. He narrowly missed his second victory in the [[1994 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]], when he was beaten by [[Gianni Bugno]] in the sprint by 7&nbsp;mm. One week later, in [[1994 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]], he was in a furious pursuit of [[Andrei Tchmil]], but suffered a mechanical failure on the cobbles and finished 13th. He ended his spring campaign with a victory in the [[1994 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]] after a two-man sprint with Italian [[Bruno Cenghialta]], his fourth World Cup win. In the [[1994 Tour de France|Tour de France]], he wore the yellow jersey again for three days, before losing it to [[Miguel Induráin]] in the long time trial to [[Bergerac, Dordogne|Bergerac]]. He ended the year in sixth position of the [[UCI Road World Rankings]].

===1995–1997: World Cup and World Champion===
In 1995 his MG–GB team merged with Mapei–Clas, forming the strong Italian-Belgian [[Mapei (cycling team)|Mapei]] team that dominated cycling's classic races in the 1990s. He won the [[1995 Tour of Flanders]], earning him the nickname ''The Lion of Flanders'' in the Flemish media.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tour of Flanders, World Cup round 2, Belgium, April 2, 1995|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/april95/flanders.html|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> Later he won the [[Züri Metzgete|Championship of Zürich]] and won the final standings of the [[1995 UCI Road World Cup|1995 World Cup]], confirming his status as the best one-day classic rider of the year.<ref>{{cite web|title=World Cup – Zuerich, 20 Aug 95|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/august95/20_8.html|work=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Yohann MUSEEUW.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Museeuw in the [[rainbow jersey]] in 1997]]
In 1996 he won the [[1996 Brabantse Pijl|Brabantse Pijl]],<ref>{{cite web|title=36th Fleche Brabanconne/Brabantse Pijl (Belgium, Cat 1.3) March 31, 1996|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/mar96/brab.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref> but was third in the [[1996 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]] after suffering mechanical failure.<ref>{{cite web|title=80th Ronde van Vlaanderen&nbsp;— Belgium|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr96/flanders.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref> The next week, he finally claimed his first victory in [[1996 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]. His Mapei–GB team dominated the race and Museeuw arrived together with his Italian teammates [[Gianluca Bortolami]] and [[Andrea Tafi (cyclist)|Andrea Tafi]] on the [[Roubaix Velodrome]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Paris-Roubaix 1996|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr96/prres.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref> Team manager Patrick Lefevere received a phone call from the office of [[Mapei]]'s managing director, Giorgio Squinzi, ordering Museeuw to win the race.<ref>{{cite web|title=Multilingual Paris–Roubaix|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr96/prml.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref> In the summer he won his second Belgian national road race title, but again failed to win a stage in the Tour de France. After a disappointing performance in Paris–Tours, where he wanted to secure his overall lead in the World Cup,<ref>{{cite web|title=Paris–Tours, France, World Cup round 9|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/oct96/parto.html|publisher=cyclingnews|date=6 October 1996|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> he stated he intended to quit cycling altogether. He changed his mind and started the next week in the [[1996 UCI Road World Championships|world championship]] road race, where he was not considered a favourite because of the mountainous course in [[Lugano]]. To the surprise of many, and on his 31st birthday, Museeuw became world champion after a long breakaway with [[Mauro Gianetti]], beating the Swiss in a two-man sprint.<ref name="Lugano" >{{cite web|title=World Cycling Championships, Switzerland Men's Elite Road Race|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/oct96/mrr.html|publisher=cyclingnews|date=13 October 1996|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> Subsequently, he went on to win his second [[1996 UCI Road World Cup|World Cup final standing]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Japan Cup, World Cup round 11. Rain forecast is cloud on Museeuw's World Cup horizon|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/oct96/japan.html|website=cyclingnews.com|publisher=Cyclingnews|date=27 October 1996|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref>

In 1997 Museeuw started the year with three stage wins in the [[Vuelta a Andalucía|Ruta del Sol]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Ruta Del Sol, Tour of Andalucia, Cat 2.3. Spain, February 16–20, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/feb97/ruta97.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|date=20 February 1997|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> and Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne,<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne, Cat. 1.2. Belgium, March 2, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/mar97/kbk97.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> but failed to take another World Cup win. A crash in Milan–San Remo and the Tour of Flanders and a puncture in Paris–Roubaix prevented him from achieving success.<ref>{{cite web|title=88th Milano-San Remo Race Report|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/mar97/msr97a.html|publisher=cyclingnews|date=22 March 1997|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=81st Ronde van Vlaanderen, World Cup round 2, Belgium, April 6, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr97/flanders97a.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Paris-Roubaix, World Cup round 3, France, April 13, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr97/pr97a.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> He finished sixth in [[Liège–Bastogne–Liège]], his best result in the [[Ardennes classics|Ardennes classic]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Luik-Bastenaken-Luik, World Cup round 4, Belgium, April 20, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/apr97/lbl97b.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> He abandoned in the 18th stage of the Tour de France, in the rainbow jersey, after several unsuccessful attempts to win a stage in a breakaway.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stage 18, Colmar – Montbeliard, 175,5 km|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/tour97/stage18.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|date=24 July 1997|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> He went on to defend his world title in [[San Sebastián]], but missed the winning breakaway and finished eighth.<ref>{{cite web|title=World Road Cycling Championships, San Sebastian. Spain, October 7–12, 1997|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/oct97/mrr97.html|publisher=Cyclingnews|access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Museeuw Roubaix 2000.jpg|thumb|left|Museeuw won his second [[Paris–Roubaix]] in 2000 on the [[Roubaix Velodrome]]. He won the ''Hell of the North'' classic three times.]]

===1998–2000: Injury-ridden years===
In 1998, one week after winning [[E3 Harelbeke]] and the [[Brabantse Pijl (men's race)|Brabantse Pijl]] in the same weekend, he won the [[1998 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]], thereby equaling the race's record of three wins. One week later, Museeuw made a horrific fall in [[1998 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]] on the [[Trouée d'Arenberg]] cobbled sector, leaving his kneecap shattered. On top came a dangerous [[gangrene]] infection which nearly forced doctors to amputate his left leg.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=http://www.rondevanvlaanderen.be/en/elite-men/history/heroes/johan-museeuw|title=Johan Museeuw|website=rondevanvlaanderen.be|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=Flanders Classics |access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> He fought back and resumed cycling after a long healing process, finishing third in the [[1999 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders of 1999]] and ninth in [[1999 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]], exactly one year after his horror crash. In 2000 he won [[2000 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]] a second time after a 44&nbsp;km solo.<ref name="CN 00 PR">{{cite news|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/2000/apr00/proubaix/parismain.shtml |title=98th Paris&nbsp;— Roubaix&nbsp;— Cat. CDM |website=[[Cyclingnews.com]]|location=Bath, UK|date=9 April 2000 |access-date=26 September 2012}}</ref> Upon crossing the finish line in victory, he lifted his left leg, pointing to his knee as a reminder of the injury that had almost ended his career two years before. Later that year, he was seriously injured while riding a motor cycle with his wife and son. He suffered severe head trauma and spent several days in a [[coma]]. All three would recover, but it was his dogged determination that saw him again reach the pinnacle of the sport.  His powerful riding style won him legions of fans all over the world and made him all the more popular in his native [[Flanders]].<ref name="auto1"/>

[[File:Museeuw Roubaix 2002.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Museeuw en route for his third Paris–Roubaix win in [[2002 Paris–Roubaix|2002]].]]

===2001–2002: Domo–Farm Frites===
In 2001 he moved with team manager [[Patrick Lefevere]] to [[Domo–Farm Frites]], where he worked on his comeback after his second accident. He placed second in Paris–Roubaix and fifth in the Amstel Gold Race. He started a last time in the Tour de France, but abandoned in the [[Pyrenees]] stages.

In 2002 he was back on top of his game, with a second place in the Tour of Flanders and a third victory in [[2002 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]. His win in the ''Hell classic'' was his tenth victory in a World Cup race.<ref>{{cite web|title=Johan Museeuw dominates Centenary Edition|last=Maloney|first=Tim|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2002/worldcup02/roubaix02/?id=results|work=CyclingNews|date=14 April 2002|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> Later the same year he won the [[HEW Cyclassics]] in [[Hamburg]], totaling 11 World Cup wins.

===2003–2004: Final years===
In 2003 he followed Lefevere to the newly set up {{UCI team code|EQS|2003}} team. He won the [[Omloop Het Nieuwsblad|Omloop Het Volk]] early in the season, but an illness obstructed his preparation for the classics. Towards the end of his career, he acted as a mentor to [[Tom Boonen]], who was widely considered to be Museeuw's successor as leading figure in the cobbled classics. In his last years as a professional he attempted to set a new record in the cobbled classics, aiming to win the Tour of Flanders or Paris–Roubaix a fourth time, but failed. With six combined victories in the Tour of Flanders and Paris–Roubaix, he held the record of combined victories in these races until Boonen improved it in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/news/latest/532403/boonen-wins-2012-paris-roubaix-with-unstoppable-solo-attack.html|title=Boonen wins 2012 Paris-Roubaix with unstoppable solo attack|work=[[Cycling Weekly]]|location=London|date=8 April 2012|access-date=8 April 2012|first=Nigel|last=Wynn}}</ref>

Museeuw ended his career in the spring of 2004 after 17 years as a professional and 59 professional victories. In his last classic race, the [[2004 Paris–Roubaix]], he punctured 5&nbsp;km before the finish while riding in the leading breakaway, thereby losing his last chance of equalling [[Roger De Vlaeminck]]'s record. He finished in tears, in fifth place, together with his long-time rival [[Peter Van Petegem]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Museeuw's Roubaix reality|last1=Henry|first1=Chris|last2=Jones|first2=Jeff|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=news/2004/apr04/apr14news2|work=CyclingNews|date=14 April 2004|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sporza.be/cm/sporza/videozone/retro/retro_voorjaarsklassiekers/retro_roubaix/1.1594854|title=sporza video: 2004: Bäckstedt wint na pech van Museeuw|work=sporza}}</ref> Museeuw's last race was three days later, the [[Scheldeprijs]] in Belgium, on 14 April 2004, won by his young teammate Tom Boonen.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jones|first1=Jeff|title=Museeuw says goodbye|url=http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=news/2004/apr04/apr15news|website=cyclingnews.com|date=15 April 2004|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref> A farewell race was organized on 2 May in his home town [[Gistel]]. After his retirement, Museeuw took up a non-riding position with {{UCI team code|EQS|2005}}. He has donated many of his trophies to museums, including the [[Ronde van Vlaanderen|Centrum Ronde van Vlaanderen]], but retains three trophies from his Tour of Flander's, Paris–Roubaix and World Championship wins.<ref name=":0" />

==Doping==
In 2003 a doping allegation surfaced in which Museeuw was implicated. Press reports insinuated the use of human growth hormone which he obtained from veterinarian José Landuyt. Police authorities claimed that Museeuw had purchased banned substances in 2003. They recorded phone conversations between Museeuw and Landuyt speaking of ''wasps'' as a codeword for [[Aranesp]], a synthetic hormone known to increase red blood cell levels. Despite the absence of direct evidence, it was ruled in 2004 that there was sufficient argument for his athletic suspension for two years and referral to the criminal court.

On 24 January 2007, Museeuw confessed to the charges in a press conference, revealing that he had "not been completely honest in his last year as a professional, as he wanted to end his career in style", and announcing his resignation from his Quick Step team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dewielersite.net/db2/wielersite/nieuwsfiche.php?nieuwsid=5681|title=Nieuwsoverzicht|author=Cycling|work=dewielersite.net|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803034055/http://www.dewielersite.net/db2/wielersite/nieuwsfiche.php?nieuwsid=5681|archive-date=3 August 2012}}</ref>

In December 2008 Museeuw was convicted for doping offences by a Belgian Court, together with former cyclists [[Jo Planckaert]] and Chris Peers who were involved in the same affair.<ref>[http://eurosport.yahoo.com/16122008/58/museeuw-convicted-doping-case.html Museeuw convicted in doping case]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Museeuw was given a 10-month suspended sentence, a fine of €2.500  and further litigations.<ref name="Vanwalleghem p72-80">Vanwalleghem, Rik (2009), Museeuw spreekt. Van Leeuw Tot Prooi, Lannoo, Belgium, {{ISBN|978-9-020976-15-1}}, p72-80</ref>

In September 2012 Museeuw gave an interview for Flemish newspaper [[Gazet van Antwerpen]], stating that "nearly every rider of his generation doped", thereby implicitly confessing to the true extent of his doping use. He also stated that he is convinced the current generation of riders is "the cleanest cycling has ever seen".<ref name="doping">{{cite news|title=Museeuw admits doping was part of daily life when he raced|url=http://www.velonation.com/News/ID/12806/Museeuw-admits-doping-was-part-of-daily-life-when-he-raced.aspx|publisher=VeloNation Press|date=6 September 2012|access-date=6 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Vermeiren|first=Guy|title=Museeuw: "Nagenoeg elke renner nam doping"|language=nl|url=http://www.gva.be/cnt/aid1236343/museeuw-nagenoeg-elke-renner-nam-doping|newspaper=[[Het Nieuwsblad]]|publisher=Concentra|access-date=5 June 2015|location=Antwerp|date=6 September 2012}}</ref> In 2018, he expressed concerns that, although comfortable about discussing former doping offences, he worries "if we keep talking about [doping], the new generation cannot show that they are different".<ref name=":0" />

==Career achievements==
===Major results===
;Road
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
;1989
: 2nd [[GP Impanis-Van Petegem|GP Impanis]]
: 2nd [[Grand Prix d'Isbergues]]
: 3rd Overall [[Tour of Belgium]]
::1st Stage 5 
: 3rd [[1989 Paris–Tours|Paris–Tours]]
;1990
: [[1990 Tour de France|Tour de France]]
::1st Stages 4 & 21
: 1st [[Grand Prix de Plumelec-Morbihan]]
: 2nd Overall [[Three Days of De Panne]]
::1st Stage 3b
: 1st Stage 1 [[Four Days of Dunkirk]]
: 1st Stage 1 [[Tour de l'Oise]]
: 2nd Overall [[Tour of Ireland|Nissan Classic]]
::1st Stage 3
: 2nd [[1990 Gent–Wevelgem|Gent–Wevelgem]]
: 3rd [[1990 Scheldeprijs|Scheldeprijs]]
: 9th [[1990 Milan–San Remo|Milan–San Remo]]
: 9th [[1990 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
;1991
: 1st [[Züri-Metzgete]]
: 1st [[Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen]]
: [[Vuelta a Andalucía]]
::1st Stages 2 & 5
: 1st Stage 3b [[Midi Libre]]
: 1st Stage 2 [[1991 Tour of Britain|Tour of Britain]]
: 2nd [[1991 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 2nd [[Eschborn–Frankfurt – Rund um den Finanzplatz|Rund um den Henninger-Turm]]
: 3rd Overall [[Four Days of Dunkirk]]
::1st Stage 4 
: 3rd Overall [[Tour of Ireland|Nissan Classic]]
::1st Stage 3 
: 3rd [[Brussels Cycling Classic|Paris–Brussels]]
: 5th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
: 9th [[1991 Paris–Tours|Paris–Tours]]
: 10th Overall [[Vuelta a Aragón]]
: 10th [[1991 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
;1992
: 1st [[File:MaillotBélgica.PNG|20px]] [[Belgian National Road Race Championships|Road race]], National Road Championships
: 1st [[1992 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen|E3 Prijs Vlaanderen]]
: [[Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana]]
::1st Stages 1 & 2
: 1st Stage 5 [[Vuelta a Andalucía]]
: 1st Stage 1 Bicicleta Vasca
: 1st Stage 1b [[Vuelta a Asturias]]
: 1st Stage 2 [[Tre Valli Varesine]]
: 2nd [[1992 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
: 2nd [[1992 Scheldeprijs|Scheldeprijs]]
: 2nd [[Grote Prijs Jef Scherens]]
: 2nd [[Circuito de Getxo]]
: 3rd [[1992 Milan–San Remo|Milan–San Remo]]
: 3rd [[Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne]]
: 7th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
: 7th [[1992 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 8th [[1992 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
;1993
: 1st [[1993 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 1st [[1993 Paris–Tours|Paris–Tours]]
: 1st [[Dwars door Vlaanderen|Dwars door België]]
: 1st Stage 4 ([[Team time trial|TTT]]) [[1993 Tour de France|Tour de France]]
: 1st Stage 1 [[1993 Tour de Suisse|Tour de Suisse]]
: 1st Stage 4 [[1993 Paris–Nice|Paris–Nice]]
: 1st Stage 4 [[Hofbrau Cup]]
: 2nd [[1993 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 2nd [[Le Samyn]]
: 3rd [[Brussels Cycling Classic|Paris–Brussels]]
: 4th [[1993 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 6th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
: 8th [[Wincanton Classic]]
;1994
: 1st [[1994 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
: 1st [[Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne]]
: 1st Stage 3 ([[Team time trial|TTT]]) [[1994 Tour de France|Tour de France]]
: 1st Stage 8 [[1994 Tour de Suisse|Tour de Suisse]]
: 1st Stage 1a [[Tour Méditerranéen]]
: 1st Teleport Derny Amsterdam
: 2nd [[1994 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 2nd [[1994 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 2nd [[Züri-Metzgete]]
: 2nd [[Binche–Chimay–Binche]]
: 2nd [[GP Impanis-Van Petegem]]
: 3rd [[1994 Gent–Wevelgem|Gent–Wevelgem]]
: 6th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
;1995
: 1st [[File:Mens World Cup leaders jersey.png|20px]] [[1995 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 1st [[File:Jersey pink.svg|20px]] Overall [[Four Days of Dunkirk]]
::1st Stage 4
: 1st [[1995 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 1st [[Züri-Metzgete]]
: 1st [[Dwars door West-Vlaanderen|Omloop de Vlaamse Ardennen]]
: 1st [[Trofeo Laigueglia]]
: 1st [[Druivenkoers Overijse]]
: 1st [[Grand Prix Eddy Merckx]]
: 1st [[Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen]]
: 3rd [[1995 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 3rd [[1995 Clásica de San Sebastián|Clásica de San Sebastián]]
: 3rd [[Belgian National Road Race Championships|Road race]], National Road Championships
: 4th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
: 5th [[Wincanton Classic|Leeds Classic]]
: 7th [[1995 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
: 8th [[Eschborn–Frankfurt – Rund um den Finanzplatz|Rund um den Henninger-Turm]]
;1996
: 1st [[File:Mens World Cup leaders jersey.png|20px]] [[1996 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 1st [[File:Jersey rainbow.svg|20px]] [[UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race|Road race]], [[1996 UCI Road World Championships|UCI Road World Championships]]
: 1st [[File:MaillotBélgica.PNG|20px]] [[Belgian National Road Race Championships|Road race]], National Road Championships
: 1st [[1996 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 1st [[Brabantse Pijl (men's race)|Brabantse Pijl]]
: 1st [[Omloop Mandel-Leie-Schelde]]
: 1st Stage 1 [[Giro di Puglia]]
: 2nd [[Brussels Cycling Classic|Paris–Brussels]]
: 3rd [[1996 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 3rd [[1996 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
: 3rd [[Wincanton Classic|Leeds Classic]]
: 3rd [[Züri-Metzgete]]
: 4th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
: 6th [[Grand Prix des Nations]]
: 8th [[1996 Milan–San Remo|Milan–San Remo]]
: 10th [[Cycling at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race|Road race]], [[1996 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]
;1997
: 1st [[File:Jersey pink.svg|20px]] Overall [[Four Days of Dunkirk]]
::1st Stage 3b ([[Individual time trial|ITT]])
: 1st [[File:Jersey white.svg|20px]] Overall [[Three Days of De Panne]]
: 1st [[Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne]]
: 1st [[LuK Challenge Chrono]] (with [[Oskar Camenzind]])
: 2nd Overall [[Vuelta a Andalucía]]
::1st Stages 2, 4 & 5
: 2nd [[Belgian National Time Trial Championships|Time trial]], National Road Championships
: 2nd [[1997 Scheldeprijs|Scheldeprijs]]
: 3rd [[1997 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 6th [[1997 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|Liège–Bastogne–Liège]]
: 7th [[Grand Prix des Nations]]
: 9th [[UCI Road World Rankings]]
;1998
: 1st [[1998 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 1st [[1998 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen|E3 Prijs Vlaanderen]]
: 1st [[Brabantse Pijl (men's race)|Brabantse Pijl]]
;1999
: 1st [[Dwars door Vlaanderen|Dwars door België]]
: 1st [[Omloop Mandel-Leie-Schelde]]
: 2nd [[Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne]]
: 3rd [[1999 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 4th [[1999 HEW Cyclassics|HEW Cyclassics]]
: 6th [[1999 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 9th [[1999 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
;2000
: 1st [[2000 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 1st [[2000 Omloop Het Volk|Omloop Het Volk]]
: 1st [[2000 Brabantse Pijl|Brabantse Pijl]]
: 3rd [[2000 Gent–Wevelgem|Gent–Wevelgem]]
;2001
: 2nd [[2001 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 5th [[2001 Amstel Gold Race|Amstel Gold Race]]
: 9th [[2001 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
;2002
: 1st [[2002 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: 1st [[2002 HEW Cyclassics|HEW Cyclassics]]
: 1st Stage 3 [[Tour de Wallonie]]
: 1st [[Profronde van Almelo]]
: 2nd [[2002 UCI Road World Cup|UCI Road World Cup]]
: 2nd [[2002 Tour of Flanders|Tour of Flanders]]
: 3rd [[2002 E3 Harelbeke|E3 Harelbeke]]
: 4th Overall [[Dwars door West-Vlaanderen|Guldensporentweedaagse]]
::1st Stage 2
: 5th [[Classic Haribo]]
: 7th [[Druivenkoers Overijse]]
: 9th [[2002 Dwars door Vlaanderen|Dwars door Vlaanderen]]
: 10th [[2002 Gent–Wevelgem|Gent–Wevelgem]]
;2003
: 1st [[2003 Omloop Het Volk|Omloop Het Volk]]
: 1st Stage 3 [[Danmark Rundt]]
: 3rd [[Memorial Rik Van Steenbergen]]
: 7th [[2003 Gent–Wevelgem|Gent–Wevelgem]]
;2004
: 5th [[2004 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
{{div col end}}

===Monuments results timeline===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Monument
! scope="col" | 1989
! scope="col" | 1990
! scope="col" | 1991
! scope="col" | 1992
! scope="col" | 1993
! scope="col" | 1994
! scope="col" | 1995
! scope="col" | 1996
! scope="col" | 1997
! scope="col" | 1998
! scope="col" | 1999
! scope="col" | 2000
! scope="col" | 2001
! scope="col" | 2002
! scope="col" | 2003
! scope="col" | 2004
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left; background:#efefef;" |[[Milan–San Remo]]
| —
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1990 Milan–San Remo|9]]
| —
| style="background:#C9AE5D;"|[[1992 Milan–San Remo|'''3''']]
| [[1993 Milan–San Remo|32]]
| [[1994 Milan–San Remo|12]]
| [[1995 Milan–San Remo|40]]
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1996 Milan–San Remo|8]]
| [[1997 Milan–San Remo|40]]
| [[1998 Milan–San Remo|36]]
| —
| [[2000 Milan–San Remo|15]]
| [[2001 Milan–San Remo|80]]
| —
| —
| —
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left; background:#efefef;" |[[Tour of Flanders (men's race)|Tour of Flanders]]
| [[1989 Tour of Flanders|62]]
| —
| style="background:#C0C0C0;"|[[1991 Tour of Flanders|'''2''']]
| [[1992 Tour of Flanders|14]]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[1993 Tour of Flanders|'''1''']]
| style="background:#C0C0C0;"|[[1994 Tour of Flanders|'''2''']]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[1995 Tour of Flanders|'''1''']]
| style="background:#C9AE5D;"|[[1996 Tour of Flanders|'''3''']]
| [[1997 Tour of Flanders|13]]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[1998 Tour of Flanders|'''1''']]
| style="background:#C9AE5D;"|[[1999 Tour of Flanders|'''3''']]
| [[2000 Tour of Flanders|33]]
| [[2001 Tour of Flanders|16]]
| style="background:#C0C0C0;"|[[2002 Tour of Flanders|'''2''']]
| [[2003 Tour of Flanders|38]]
| [[2004 Tour of Flanders|15]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left; background:#efefef;" |[[Paris–Roubaix]]
| —
| [[1990 Paris–Roubaix|12]]
| [[1991 Paris–Roubaix|16]]
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1992 Paris–Roubaix|7]]
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1993 Paris–Roubaix|4]]
| [[1994 Paris–Roubaix|13]]
| style="background:#C9AE5D;"|[[1995 Paris–Roubaix|'''3''']]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[1996 Paris–Roubaix|'''1''']]
| style="background:#C9AE5D;"|[[1997 Paris–Roubaix|'''3''']]
| [[1998 Paris–Roubaix|DNF]]
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1999 Paris–Roubaix|9]]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[2000 Paris–Roubaix|'''1''']]
| style="background:#C0C0C0;"|[[2001 Paris–Roubaix|'''2''']]
| style="background:#FFD700;"|[[2002 Paris–Roubaix|'''1''']]
| [[2003 Paris–Roubaix|33]]
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[2004 Paris–Roubaix|5]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left; background:#efefef;" |[[Liège–Bastogne–Liège]]
| —
| —
| —
| [[1992 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|36]]
| [[1993 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|12]]
| [[1994 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|58]]
| [[1995 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|13]]
| —
| style="background:#ddf;"   |[[1997 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|6]]
| —
| —
| [[2000 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|90]]
| [[2001 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|DNF]]
| [[2001 Liège–Bastogne–Liège|DNF]]
| —
| —
|- style="text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left; background:#efefef;" |[[Giro di Lombardia]]
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| style="text-align:center;"|[[1996 Giro di Lombardia|13]]
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
| —
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Legend
|-
! scope="row" | —
| Did not compete
|-
! scope="row" | [[Did not finish|DNF]]
| Did not finish
|}

;Criteriums
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
;1988
: 1st GP Briek Schotte
;1989
: 1st GP Deutsche Weinstrasse
: 1st Criterium Oostende
: 1st Criterium Deerlijk
;1990
: 1st Criterium Aalst
: 1st Criterium Dilsen
: 1st Criterium Valkenswaard
: 1st Criterium Lichtervelde
;1991
: 1st Criterium De Haan
: 1st Criterium Deerlijk
: 1st Criterium Bavikhove
;1992
: 1st Criterium Bellegem
: 1st Criterium Peer
;1993
: 1st GP Wielerrevue
: 1st Criterium Hengeloo
: 1st Criterium Bavikhove
;1994
: 1st Criterium Made
: 1st Wielsbeke
: 1st Geraardsbergen
: 1st Druivenkoers Overijse
;1995
: 1st Criterium Bavikhove
: 1st Criterium Graz
;1997
: 1st Criterium Peer
: 1st Criterium Kortrijk
: 1st Criterium Karlsruhe
: 1st Gala Tour de France
;1999
: 1st Criterium Bavikhove
: 1st GP Briek Schotte
;2001
: 1st Dernycriterium Wilrijk
;2002
: 1st Profronde van Made
;2004
: 1st Afscheidscriterium Johan Museeuw
{{div col end}}

== Honours and awards ==

* [[Crystal Bicycle]] Best Professional Cyclist: 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002<ref name="eurosport2010">{{cite web |title=RETRO. Ook deze heren wonnen ooit Kristallen Fiets |url=https://www.hln.be/kristallen-fiets/retro-ook-deze-heren-wonnen-ooit-kristallen-fiets~afaf04fe/}}</ref>
* [[Vlaamse Reus]]: 1995<ref name="eurosport2022">{{cite web |title=Wout van Aert krijgt sporttrofee Vlaamse Reus |url=https://www.wielerflits.be/nieuws/wout-van-aert-krijgt-sporttrofee-vlaamse-reus/}}</ref>
* Sprint d'Or: 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002<ref name="eurosport2043">{{cite web |title=Le Sprint d'Or pour Museeuw |url=https://www.dhnet.be/sports/cyclisme/le-sprint-d-or-pour-museeuw-51b7d13fe4b0de6db98febad}}</ref>
* [[Belgian National Sports Merit Award]]: 1996<ref name="eurosport213">{{cite web |title=Na elf jaar weer een wielrenner in de (indrukwekkende) erelijst van Nationale Trofee voor Sportverdienste |work=Het Nieuwsblad |url=https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20201112_95448631}}</ref>
* [[Vélo d'Or|Vélo d'Or Mondial]]: 1996<ref name="eurosport2032">{{cite web |title=Gallery of Vélo d'Or winners (1992-1999) |date=21 December 2019 |url=https://cycling-passion.com/gallery-velo-d-or-winners-1992-1999/}}</ref>
* [[:fr:Mendrisio d'or|Swiss Mendrisio d'Or]]: 1996<ref name="eurosport2045">{{cite web |title=Evans recull Mendrisio d'Or a Suïssa |url=https://cat.yayabike.com/evans-collects-mendrisio-doro-switzerland-343411}}</ref>
* Bici al Chiodo Award: 1996<ref name="eurosport2044">{{cite web |title=BICI AL CHIODO. L'applauso sarà per Alessandro Petacchi. GALLERY |url=https://www.tuttobiciweb.it/article/84888}}</ref>
* Honorary Citizen of [[Jabbeke]]: 1996<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2017 |title=Hugo Broos wordt ereburger in woonplaats |url=https://www.nieuwsblad.be/cnt/dmf20170217_02736770 |website=[[Het Nieuwsblad]] |language=nl}}</ref>
* Officer in the Belgian [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]: 2004<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2004 |title=Koninklijk Besluit gepubliceerd op 07 mei 2004 |url=https://etaamb.openjustice.be/nl/koninklijk-besluit_n2004021057 |website=etaamb.openjustice.be |language=nl}}</ref>
* [[Johan Museeuw Classics]]: from 2018<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Wielrennen – Johan Museeuw Classic – G.p. Stad Gistel – Erelijst |url=https://www.sportuitslagen.org/wielrennen-johan-museeuw-classic-gp-stad-gistel-presentatie-medaillewinnaars-sup12275.html |website=Sportuitslagen.org |language=nl}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Sports}}
* [[List of doping cases in cycling]]
* [[List of sportspeople sanctioned for doping offences]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | last=Vanwalleghem | first=Rik | title= Museeuw spreekt. Van Leeuw Tot Prooi | url=http://www.bol.com/nl/p/museeuw-spreekt/1001004006043258/?country=BE| year=2009 | publisher=Lannoo | isbn=978-9-020976-15-1 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Johan Museeuw}}
* {{Cycling Archives|6486}}

{{UCI World Tour Winners}}
{{UCI Road World Champions – Men's road race}}
{{Vélo d'Or}}
{{Crystal Bicycle}}
{{Belgian National Sports Merit Award}}
{{Vlaamse Reus}}
{{Belgian National Road Race Championships (men)}}
{{Tour of Flanders winners}}
{{Paris–Roubaix winners}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Museeuw, Johan}}
[[Category:Belgian male cyclists]]
[[Category:Belgian cyclo-cross cyclists]]
[[Category:Belgian Tour de France stage winners]]
[[Category:Tour de France Champs Elysées stage winners]]
[[Category:UCI Road World Champions (elite men)]]
[[Category:Cyclists at the 1996 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic cyclists for Belgium]]
[[Category:Doping cases in cycling]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Cyclists from West Flanders]]
[[Category:Tour de Suisse stage winners]]
[[Category:People from Jabbeke]]
[[Category:UCI Road World Cup winners]]
[[Category:20th-century Belgian sportsmen]]