View source for John A. Logan

{{short description|American soldier and politician (1826–1886)}}
{{Redirect|John Alexander Logan|other uses|John Logan (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = John A. Logan
| image               = John Alexander Logan.jpg
| jr/sr               = United States Senator
| state               = [[Illinois]]
| term_start          = March 4, 1879
| term_end            = December 26, 1886
| predecessor         = [[Richard J. Oglesby|Richard Oglesby]]
| successor           = [[Charles B. Farwell]]
| term_start1         = March 4, 1871
| term_end1           = March 3, 1877
| predecessor1        = [[Richard Yates (politician, born 1815)|Richard Yates]]
| successor1          = [[David Davis (Supreme Court justice)|David Davis]]
| state2              = [[Illinois]]
| district2           = {{ushr|IL|AL|at-large}}
| term_start2         = March 4, 1867
| term_end2           = March 3, 1871
| predecessor2        = [[Samuel W. Moulton]]
| successor2          = [[John Lourie Beveridge]]
| state3              = [[Illinois]]
| district3           = {{ushr|IL|9|9th}}
| term_start3         = March 4, 1859
| term_end3           = April 2, 1862
| predecessor3        = [[Samuel S. Marshall]]
| successor3          = [[William J. Allen|William Allen]]
| state_house4        = Illinois
| district4           = [[Illinois's 5th House of Representatives district|5th]]
| term_start4         = January 5, 1857
| term_end4           = January 3, 1859
| predecessor4        = Thomas M. Sans
| successor4          = James Hampton
| term_start5         = January 3, 1853
| term_end5           = January 1, 1855
| predecessor5        = Thomas M. Sans
| successor5          = Thomas M. Sans
| birth_name          = John Alexander Logan
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1826|2|9}}
| birth_place         = [[Murphysboro, Illinois]], U.S.
| death_date          = {{nowrap|{{death date and age|1886|12|26|1826|2|9}}}}
| death_place         = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (before 1866)<br>[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1866–1886)
| spouse              = {{marriage|[[Mary Simmerson Cunningham Logan|Mary Simmerson Cunningham]]|1855}}
| children            = 3 (including [[John Alexander Logan Jr.|John Jr.]] and [[Mary Logan Tucker|Mary]])
| education           = [[Shiloh College]]<br>[[University of Louisville]] ([[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]])
| signature           = John A Logan Signature.svg
| nickname            = "Black Jack"
| allegiance          = United States
| branch              = United States Army<br>[[Union Army]]
| rank                = [[Major general (United States)|Major General]]
| serviceyears        = 1847–1848 (U.S. Army)<br>1861–1865 (Union Army)
| commands            = [[XV Corps (Union Army)|XV Corps]]
| battles             = [[Mexican–American War|Mexican-American War]]<br>[[American Civil War]]<br>{{*}}[[First Battle of Bull Run]]<br>{{*}}[[Battle of Belmont]]<br>{{*}}[[Battle of Fort Donelson]]<br>{{*}}[[Second Battle of Corinth]]<br>{{*}}[[Vicksburg Campaign]]<br>{{*}}[[Battle of Atlanta]]<br>{{*}}[[Battle of Jonesborough]]<br>{{*}}[[Battle of Bentonville]]
| caption             = Logan, {{circa}} 1880s
}}
'''John Alexander Logan''' (February 9, 1826 – December 26, 1886) was an American soldier and politician. He served in the [[Mexican–American War]] and was a [[General officer|general]] in the [[Union Army]] in the [[American Civil War]]. He served the state of [[Illinois]] as a [[Illinois House of Representatives|state Representative]], a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]], and a [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] and was an unsuccessful candidate for [[Vice President of the United States]] as [[James G. Blaine]]'s running mate in the [[1884 United States presidential election|election of 1884]]. As the [[List of Grand Army of the Republic Commanders-in-Chief|3rd Commander-in-Chief]] of the [[Grand Army of the Republic]], he is regarded as the most important figure in the movement to recognize [[Memorial Day]] (originally known as Decoration Day) as an official holiday.

His likeness appears on [[Major General John A. Logan|a statue]] at the center of [[Logan Circle, Washington, D.C.]] He is also honored with [[General John Logan Memorial|a statue]] in [[Grant Park (Chicago)|Grant Park]] in Chicago, Illinois. Memorial Park in Houston, Texas was formerly Camp Logan named after him. He is the namesake of [[Logan County, Illinois]]; [[Logan County, Kansas]]; [[Logan County, Nebraska]]; [[Logan County, Oklahoma]]; [[Logan County, Colorado]]; [[Logan County, North Dakota]]; and [[Logan Square, Chicago]], which is the neighborhood chosen to [[Illinois Centennial Monument|mark]] Illinois' centennial. Logan is one of only three people mentioned by name in the [[Illinois (state song)|Illinois state song]]. Upon his death, he [[Lying in state|lay in state]] in the [[United States Capitol rotunda]]. He is the father of U.S. Army officer and [[Medal of Honor]] recipient [[John Alexander Logan Jr.]] (1865–1899).

==Early life and political career==
John A. Logan was born near what is now [[Murphysboro, Illinois|Murphysboro]], [[Illinois]], the son of Dr. John Logan and Dr. Logan's second wife, Elizabeth (Jenkins) Logan.<ref>Jones (1967) p. 2</ref> He studied with his father and with a private tutor, then studied for three years at [[Shiloh College]]. He enlisted in the 1st Illinois Infantry for the [[Mexican–American War]], and received a commission as a [[US Second Lieutenant|second lieutenant]] and assignment as the regimental quartermaster.

After the war Logan [[Reading law#United States|studied law]] in the office of his uncle, [[Alexander M. Jenkins]], graduated from the Law Department of the [[University of Louisville]] in 1851, and practiced law with success.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=866}}

John A. Logan entered [[politics]] as a [[Northern Democratic Party|Douglas Democrat]], was elected county clerk in 1849, served in the [[Illinois House of Representatives]] from 1853 to 1854 and in 1857; and for a time, during the interval, was prosecuting [[lawyer|attorney]] of the Third Judicial District of Illinois. In 1858 and 1860, he was elected as a Democrat to the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=866}} In 1853, John A. Logan helped pass a law which prohibited all [[African Americans]], including [[Freedman|freedmen]], from settling in the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.niu.edu/1996/iht329602.html|title=The Black Codes|website=Illinois Periodicals Online}}</ref>

==Civil War==
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| image1    = General Logan at the Battle of Dallas, May 1864.jpg
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| caption1  = Logan at the [[Battle of Dallas]], May 28, 1864
| image2    = William Tecumseh Sherman and staff - Brady-Handy.jpg
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| caption2  = General John A. Logan on the staff of General [[William T. Sherman]]
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U.S. Representative Logan fought at [[First Battle of Bull Run|Bull Run]] as an unattached volunteer in a [[Michigan]] regiment, and then returned to [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] where, before he resigned his congressional seat on April 2, 1862, he entered the Union Army as [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] of the [[31st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment]], which he organized.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|pp=866–867}} He was known by his soldiers as "Black Jack"<ref>{{cite book |last=Jones |first=James Pickett |date=1967 |title=Black Jack: John A. Logan and Southern Illinois in the Civil War Era |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Htz8KrOWTz0C |location=Gainesville, FL |publisher=University Press of Florida |page=xviii |isbn=978-0-8093-2001-1}}</ref> because of his black eyes and hair and swarthy complexion, and was regarded as one of the most able officers to enter the army from civilian life.  In a time when [[political general]]s usually performed poorly in battle, Logan was an exception.

Before resigning his seat, Union Army Colonel Logan served in the army of [[Ulysses S. Grant]] in the Western Theater and was present at the [[Battle of Belmont]] on November 7, 1861, where his horse was killed, and at [[Battle of Fort Donelson|Fort Donelson]], where he was wounded on February 15, 1862. Soon after the victory at Donelson, he resigned his seat on April 2, 1862, and was promoted to [[Brigadier general (United States)|brigadier general in the volunteers]], as of March 21, 1862. Major [[John Hotaling]] served as his chief of staff. To confuse matters, the 32nd Illinois was commanded at Shiloh by a different Colonel John Logan. During the [[Siege of Corinth]], John A. Logan commanded first a [[brigade]] and then the 1st [[division (military)|Division]] of the [[Army of the Tennessee]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=867}} In the spring of 1863, he was promoted to [[Major general (United States)|major general]] to rank from November 29, 1862.

In Grant's [[Vicksburg Campaign]], Logan commanded the 3rd Division of [[James B. McPherson]]'s [[XVII Corps (Union Army)|XVII Corps]], which was the first to enter the city of [[Battle of Vicksburg|Vicksburg]] in July 1863 after its capture. Logan then served as the city's military governor. In November 1863 he succeeded [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] in command of the [[XV Corps (Union Army)|XV Corps]]; and at the [[Battle of Atlanta]] (July 22, 1864), after the death of James B. McPherson during the day, he assumed command of the [[Army of the Tennessee]]. He was relieved a short time afterward by [[Oliver O. Howard]]. He returned to Illinois for the 1864 elections but rejoined the army afterward and commanded his XV corps in Sherman's [[Carolinas campaign]].

In December 1864, Grant became impatient with [[George Henry Thomas|George H. Thomas's]] apparent unwillingness to attack immediately at [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] and sent Logan to relieve him. Logan was stopped in [[Louisville, Kentucky|Louisville]] when news came that Thomas had completely smashed [[John Bell Hood]]'s [[Confederate States Army|Confederate]] army in the [[Battle of Nashville]].

Logan had been disappointed when Howard was given permanent command of the Army of the Tennessee after McPherson's death, and Sherman arranged for Logan to lead the army during the May 1865 Grand Review in Washington.

==Post-war political career==
[[File:James G. Blaine - John A. Logan.jpg|left|200px|thumb|Blaine/Logan campaign poster]]
After the war, Logan resumed his political career, now as a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]], and was a member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1867 to 1871, and of the [[United States Senate]] from 1871 until 1877 and again from 1879 until his death in 1886. After the war, Logan, who had always been a staunch partisan, was identified with the radical wing of the [[United States Republican Party|Republican Party]]. His forceful, passionate speaking, popular on the platform, was less effective in the halls of legislation. In 1868, he was one of the [[House managers]] in the [[Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson|impeachment trial of U.S. President Andrew Johnson]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=867}} One of Logan's issues in the Senate was his efforts to stop any action taken to overturn the [[Court-martial of Fitz John Porter|conviction in the court-martial]] of Maj. Gen. [[Fitz John Porter]].

[[File:John A. Logan and family, circa 1870.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Logan with his wife [[Mary Simmerson Cunningham Logan]], son [[John Alexander Logan Jr.|Manning Alexander Logan]] and daughter [[Mary Logan Tucker|Mary Elizabeth "Dollie" Logan]] in about 1870]]
He was the second [[List of Grand Army of the Republic Commanders-in-Chief|Commander-in-Chief]] of the [[Grand Army of the Republic]] from 1868 to 1871 and helped lead the call for creation of [[Memorial Day]], originally called Decoration Day, as a national public holiday. His war record and his great personal following, especially among members of the [[Grand Army of the Republic]], contributed to his nomination for [[Vice President of the United States of America|Vice President]] in 1884 on the Republican ticket with [[James Blaine|James G. Blaine]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=867}} However, they were defeated by the Democratic ticket of [[Grover Cleveland]] and [[Thomas A. Hendricks]].

Logan was deeply embittered by the loss. He believed that President [[Chester A. Arthur]]’s supporters were disloyal after Arthur lost the Republican nomination.<ref name="thr">{{cite news |title=Logan and the President: A Fight to be Made Over Mr. Curtis's Nomination. |work=The New York Times |agency=The New York Times |date=23 December 1884 |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1884/12/24/106290950.html?pageNumber=1 | access-date=2023-05-09 }}</ref> Logan obstructed Arthur’s nomination of journalist [[William Eleroy Curtis]] to be Secretary of the Latin American Trade Commission, claiming that Curtis made “damaging disclosures… to the Democratic National Committee.”<ref name="dnc">{{cite news |title=W.E. Curtis: He Thinks Gen. Logan Had Better Let Him Alone |agency=Chicago Tribune |date=31 December 1884}}</ref> Curtis threatened to mobilize his press resources against Logan's re-election bid.<ref name="dnc" /> The controversy eventually dissipated.<ref>{{cite news |title=In The United States Senate |agency=Wood County Reporter |date=2 April 1885}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Senator Again: The Soldier-Statesmen Chosen His Own Successor in the United States Senate|publisher=Chicago Daily Tribune|date=20 May 1885}}</ref> The [[United States Senate election in Illinois, 1885|1885 US Senate election in Illinois]] was contentious, and Logan only won after a Democratic representative died and was replaced with a Republican.

=== Credit Mobilier Scandal ===
In September 1872, the New York newspaper ''[[The Sun (New York City)|The Sun]]'' reported that many major politicians were bribed by [[Union Pacific Railroad]], and Credit Mobilier. In response to this Congress created the Poland Committee to investigate these accusations. The committee found out that many senators including Logan were involved. In February 1873, the House was convinced that it should share this information with the Senate. The House said to the Senate that these politicians including Logan were possibly involved with the scandal.

Logan explained that he rejected The Credit Mobilier official [[Oakes Ames]] first offer, but a few months later Logan accepted Ames offer of 325 dollars. Logan was exonerated by the committee report.<ref>U.S. Senate Historical Office, ''United States Senate Election, Expulsion and Censure Cases: 1793–1990'' (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1995), pp. 189–1995.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Senate: Expulsion Case of James W. Patterson of New Hampshire (1873) |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/expulsion/064JamesPatterson_expulsion.htm |access-date=2024-03-05 |website=www.senate.gov}}</ref>

== Death ==
[[File:John A. Logan funeral.jpg|thumb|right|200px|John A. Logan's funeral at Hutchinson's vault]]
Logan showed signs of illness when the [[49th United States Congress]] opened its first official session on December 7, 1886. By mid-December, Logan's arms swelled and his lower limbs were in pain. After several days of intense discomfort, the ailment subsided. He relapsed a few days later and eventually struggled to maintain consciousness. On December 24, Logan's doctors conceded that the condition might be fatal. Around three o'clock in the afternoon on December 26, Logan died at his home in [[Columbia Heights (Washington, D.C.)|Columbia Heights]], [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Death of John A. Logan|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/28981925/|date=December 27, 1886|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|access-date=September 23, 2014}} {{open access}}</ref> After his death, Logan's body [[Lying in state|lay in state]] in the [[United States Capitol]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aoc.gov/nations-stage/lying-state-honor |title= Lying in State or in Honor |publisher=US Architect of the Capitol (AOC) |access-date=2018-09-01}}</ref> He was temporarily interred in a vault at [[Rock Creek Cemetery]] on December 31, 1886<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/138188655 |title=Buried with Much Pomp: Gen. Logan's Remains Placed in Rock Creek Cemetery |date=January 1, 1887 |page=1 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=2023-11-07|id={{ProQuest|138188655}} }}</ref> until he could be reburied in a newly constructed mortuary chapel at the [[United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery]] in Washington on December 26, 1888, the second anniversary of his death.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/138128226 |title=At Rest in a Chapel: Gen. Logan's Remains Transferred from Their Temporary Abode |date=December 27, 1888 |page=6 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=2023-11-07|id={{ProQuest|138128226}} }}</ref>

== Published books ==
Logan was the author of two books on the Civil War. In ''The Great Conspiracy: Its Origin and History'' (1886), he sought to demonstrate that secession and the Civil War were the result of a long-contemplated "conspiracy" to which various Southern politicians had been party since the [[Nullification Crisis]]; he also vindicated the pre-war political positions of [[Stephen A. Douglas]] and himself.<ref name="conspiracy">John A. Logan (1886). ''The Great Conspiracy: Its Origin and History.''</ref> He also wrote ''The Volunteer Soldier of America'' (1887). His son, [[John Alexander Logan Jr.]], was also an army officer and posthumously received the [[Medal of Honor]] for actions during the [[Philippine–American War]]. His brother-in-law, Cyrus Thomas, participated in the [[Hayden Geological Survey of 1871]].

Logan was also a member of the [[Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States]] - a military society which was composed of officers who had served in the Union armed forces during the American Civil War.

==Family==
Logan was related to [[Cornelius Ambrosius Logan]] (1806–1853), the Irish-American actor and playwright, possibly as a first cousin. John Logan adopted Cornelius' daughter Kate (1847–1872), probably in 1866.<ref>''Reminiscences of a Soldier's Wife'', Mrs. John A. Logan, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1913, p. 211</ref> Cornelius' son [[Cornelius Ambrose Logan]], a physician and diplomat, wrote a memoir of John Logan which was included in his ''The Volunteer Soldier of America''.

==Legacy==
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| image1    = John A. Logan statue, DC crop.jpg
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| caption1  = [[Major General John A. Logan|Logan monument]] in [[Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.)|Logan Circle]], [[Washington, D.C.]]
| image2    = General Logan Statue.jpg
| width2    = 170
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| caption2  = ''[[General John Logan Memorial]]'' statue in [[Grant Park (Chicago)|Grant Park]], [[Chicago, Illinois]]
| image3    = Illinois Centennial Memorial Column.jpg
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| caption3  = The [[Illinois Centennial Monument|Illinois Centennial Memorial Column]] rests in the center of [[Logan Square, Chicago|Logan Square]]
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| caption4  = Statue of Logan at by [[Leonard Crunelle]] at [[Vicksburg National Military Park]]
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| caption5  =  Logan's Memorial Day order at [[Andersonville National Historic Site]]
}}

The [[State of Illinois]] commissioned an [[equestrian statue]] of the general that now stands in [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago's]] [[Grant Park (Chicago)|Grant Park]]. Another equestrian statue stands in [[Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.)|Logan Circle]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], which gives its name to the surrounding neighborhood. At #4 Logan Circle, a former Logan residence, now called John Logan House, displays a variety of exterior and interior plaques to celebrate Logan's achievements as soldier and statesman.<ref>Historical markers at John Logan House on Logan Circle, Washington, DC: (a) "John Logan House". https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=113672 (b) "No Braver Man Than John Logan". https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=153987 (c) "Logan Circle: Mirror on American History". https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=153986 (d) "When Logan Rode the Battle Line". https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=153988</ref>

[[Logan Square, Chicago]] and Logan Boulevard in Chicago are named after him, as well as Logan Avenue and the neighborhood of [[Logan Heights, San Diego, California|Logan Heights]] (aka Barrio Logan) in [[San Diego, California|San Diego]], and the community of [[Logan Township, New Jersey]].<ref>[http://logan-twp.org/about.htm About Logan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928041649/http://logan-twp.org/about.htm |date=2007-09-28 }}. [[Logan Township, New Jersey]]. Accessed August 22, 2007. "The town's name comes from Alexander "Black Jack" Logan, an American General and founder of Memorial Day."</ref> His hometown, [[Murphysboro, Illinois]], is home to the [[General John A. Logan Museum]], as well as the General John A. Logan Elementary School; and, in nearby [[Carterville, Illinois]], there is the [[John A. Logan College]], a [[community college]]. [[Camp Logan, Illinois]], an [[Illinois National Guard]] base and [[rifle range]] from 1892 to the early 1970s, was also named for him.<ref>{{cite book|author=Chicago and North Western Railway Company|title=A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OspBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA51|year=1908|page=51}}</ref> John A. Logan Elementary School in Washington, DC is also named in his honor.

The [[USAT Logan|United States Army Transport ''Logan'']] was named after him.

Logan is one of only three individuals mentioned by name in the Illinois state song:

{{poemquote|On the record of thy years,
Abraham Lincoln's name appears,
Grant and Logan, and our tears,
Illinois, Illinois,
Grant and Logan, and our tears,
Illinois.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.illinois.gov/facts/statesong.cfm|title=Illinois Official State Song|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090405155122/http://www.illinois.gov/facts/statesong.cfm|archive-date=2009-04-05}}</ref>}}

* [[Logan County, Illinois]], was named after Logan's father, Dr. John Logan, an early pioneer physician. However, [[Logan County, Kansas]] was named after General Logan.
* Logan was at one time honored with the naming of a street in [[Lansing, Michigan]]. Community activists persuaded the city council to co-rename the street as Martin Luther King Boulevard in 1991. Logan's name was dropped completely a few years later. See [[Capitol Loop#Street name changes]]
* [[Logan County, Oklahoma]], is named in his honor. The city of [[Guthrie, Oklahoma|Guthrie]] is the [[county seat]].
* [[Logan County, Colorado]], is named in his honor. The city of [[Sterling, Colorado|Sterling]] is the county seat.
* [[Logan County, North Dakota]], is named in his honor. The city of [[Napoleon, North Dakota|Napoleon]] is the county seat.
* [[John A. Logan College]] in [[Carterville, Illinois]] is named in his honor.
* Logan Junior High School in [[Princeton, Illinois]] is named in his honor.
* [[Logan High School (La Crosse, Wisconsin)|Logan High School]] in [[La Crosse, Wisconsin]] is named in his honor.
* The [[Logan House (Wilmington, Delaware)|Logan House]] in [[Wilmington, Delaware]] is the oldest Irish Pub in the state and named in his honor.
* Ft. Logan National Cemetery established 1887 in Denver, Colorado is named after him.
* Logan's final resting place at the [[U.S. Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery]] is a granite, Norman-style mausoleum, design by the former supervising architect of the U.S. Treasury Department, Alfred B. Mullett, which houses the remains of General John A. Logan; his wife, Mary S. Logan; daughter, Mary Logan Tucker; and grandsons, Captain Logan Tucker and George E. Tucker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/district_of_columbia/us_soldiers_and_airmens_home_national_cemetery.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120233753/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/District_of_Columbia/US_Soldiers_and_Airmens_Home_National_Cemetery.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |title=United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery-Civil War Era National Cemeteries: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary |publisher=Nps.gov |access-date=2014-07-09}}</ref>

==Publications about Logan==
*{{Cite book |last=Andrews |first=Byron |title=A Biography of Gen. John A. Logan: With an Account of His Public Services in Peace and in War |publisher=H.S. Goodspeed |year=1884 |location=New York |oclc=11321584 |url=https://archive.org/details/biographypublics00incrai/page/n373/mode/2up}}

==See also==
* [[List of American Civil War generals (Union)]]
* [[List of Grand Army of the Republic commanders-in-chief]]
* [[List of members of the United States Congress who died in office (1790–1899)]]
{{Portal bar|Biography|American Civil War}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Cottingham, Carl D., Preston Michael Jones, and Gary W. Kent, ''General John A. Logan: His Life and Times'', American Resources Group, 1989, {{ISBN|0-913415-11-1}}.
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]], ''Civil War High Commands'', Stanford University Press, 2001, {{ISBN|0-8047-3641-3}}.
* Jones, James Pickett. ''John A. Logan and Southern Illinois in the Civil War Era''. 1967. {{ISBN|0-8093-2001-0}}.
* Logan, Mrs. John A., ''Reminiscences of a Soldier's Wife'', Kessinger, 2007, {{ISBN|0-548-10421-2}}.
* Warner, Ezra J., ''Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders'', Louisiana State University Press, 1964, {{ISBN|0-8071-0822-7}}.
* {{ACMH}}
* {{EB1911|wstitle=Logan, John Alexander|volume=16|pages=866–867}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{CongBio|L000403}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=2351}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John Alexander Logan |sopt=t}}
* [http://www.usmemorialday.org/backgrnd.html U.S. Memorial Day Association]
* [http://www.battleofraymond.org/command5.htm Portrait of A Hero in Blue, Major Genernal John A. Logan]
* [https://archive.org/details/volunteersoldier00loga ''The volunteer soldier of America'' by John A. Logan]

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{{s-bef|before=[[Samuel S. Marshall]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Illinois|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Illinois's 9th congressional district]]|years=1859–1862}}
{{s-aft|after=[[William J. Allen|William Allen]]}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Samuel W. Moulton]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Illinois|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Illinois's at-large congressional district]]|years=1867–1871}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John Lourie Beveridge]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[James A. Garfield]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[United States House Committee on Armed Services|House Armed Services Committee]]|years=1869–1871}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John Coburn (Indiana politician)|John Coburn]]}}
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{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Stephen A. Hurlbut]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Grand Army of the Republic Commanders-in-Chief|Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic]]|years=1868–1871}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ambrose Burnside]]}}
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{{s-par|us-sen}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Richard Yates (politician, born 1815)|Richard Yates]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Senators from Illinois|U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Illinois]]|years=1871–1877|alongside=[[Lyman Trumbull]], [[Richard J. Oglesby|Richard Oglesby]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[David Davis (Supreme Court justice)|David Davis]]}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[Henry Wilson]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[United States Senate Committee on Armed Services|Senate Armed Services Committee]]|years=1872–1877}}
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|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Richard J. Oglesby|Richard Oglesby]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Senators from Illinois|U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Illinois]]|years=1879–1886|alongside=[[David Davis (Supreme Court justice)|David Davis]], [[Shelby Moore Cullom|Shelby Cullom]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Charles B. Farwell]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Theodore Randolph]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[United States Senate Committee on Armed Services|Senate Armed Services Committee]]|years=1881–1886}}
{{s-aft|after=[[William Joyce Sewell]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Chester A. Arthur]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets|nominee]] for [[Vice President of the United States]]|years=[[1884 United States presidential election|1884]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Levi P. Morton]]}}
|-
{{s-hon}}
{{s-bef|before=[[James A. Garfield|James Garfield]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Persons who have [[lying in state|lain in state or honor]] in the [[United States Capitol rotunda]]|years=December 30–31, 1886}}
{{s-aft|after=[[William McKinley]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{USRepVicePresNominees}}
{{Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates}}
{{USSenIL}}
{{SenArmedServiceCommitteeChairs}}
{{US House Armed Services chairs}}
{{United States presidential election, 1884}}
{{Lain in State (USA)|state=collapsed}}
{{Impeachment and impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Logan, John A.}}
[[Category:1826 births]]
[[Category:1886 deaths]]
[[Category:American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law]]
[[Category:American military personnel of the Mexican–American War]]
[[Category:Burials at United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois]]
[[Category:Grand Army of the Republic commanders-in-chief]]
[[Category:Illinois lawyers]]
[[Category:Members of the Illinois House of Representatives]]
[[Category:People from Murphysboro, Illinois]]
[[Category:People of Illinois in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:Republican Party (United States) vice presidential nominees]]
[[Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Illinois]]
[[Category:Republican Party United States senators from Illinois]]
[[Category:Union army generals]]
[[Category:1884 United States vice-presidential candidates]]
[[Category:University of Louisville alumni]]
[[Category:Stalwarts (Republican Party)]]
[[Category:American conspiracy theorists]]
[[Category:19th-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the Illinois General Assembly]]
[[Category:19th-century United States senators]]