View source for John McCloskey

{{Short description|American Catholic prelate (1810–1885)}}
{{hatnote group|
{{Distinguish|C. John McCloskey}}
{{other people}}
}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = His Eminence
| name = John McCloskey
| honorific-suffix = 
| title = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Archbishop of New York]]
| image = Cardinal McCloskey Napoleon Sarony.jpg
| caption = McCloskey in 1876
| province = 
| diocese = 
| see = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|New York]]
| appointed = May 6, 1864
| enthroned = 
| ended = October 10, 1885
| predecessor = [[John Hughes (archbishop)|John Hughes]]
| successor = [[Michael Corrigan]]
| ordination = January 12, 1834
| consecration = March 10, 1844
| consecrated_by = John Hughes
| cardinal = March 15, 1875
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Pius IX|Pius IX]]
| rank = [[Cardinal priest]]
| other_post = [[S. Maria sopra Minerva|Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria sopra Minerva]]
| previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany|Bishop of Albany]] (1847–1864)|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Coadjutor Bishop of New York]] (1843–1847)}}
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{birth date|1810|3|10}}
| birth_place = [[Brooklyn, New York]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1885|10|10|1810|3|10}}
| death_place = [[New York City]], U.S.
| buried = 
| nationality = 
| religion = 
| parents = 
| spouse = 
| children = 
| occupation = 
| profession = 
| alma_mater = 
| signature = Signature of John McCloskey (1810–1885).png
| motto = {{langnf|la|In spem vitae aeternae|In hope of eternal life|break=yes}}
| coat_of_arms = 
| education = Mount St. Mary's College
}}

{{Infobox cardinal styles
| name=  John McCloskey
| dipstyle=  
*[[His Eminence]]
*[[His Eminence|The Most Reverend Eminence]]
| offstyle=[[His Eminence|Your Eminence]]
| relstyle= [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]
| image = Coat of arms of John McCloskey.svg
| image_size = 200px
}}'''John McCloskey''' (March 10, 1810 – October 10, 1885) was an [[Catholic Church in the United States|American Catholic]] prelate who served as the first American-born [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|archbishop of New York]] from 1864 until his death in 1885.

McCloskey previously served as [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany|bishop of Albany]] in New York State (1847–1864). In 1875, McCloskey became the first American [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]]. He served as the first president of St. John's College, now [[Fordham University]], from 1841 to 1842.

==Early life and education==
John McCloskey was born on March 10, 1810, in [[Brooklyn|Brooklyn, New York]], to Patrick and Elizabeth (née Hassan) McCloskey, who had immigrated to the United States from [[County Londonderry]] in Ireland, shortly after their marriage in 1808. He was [[Baptism|baptized]] by Reverend [[Benedict Joseph Fenwick]] on May 6, 1810, at [[St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, New York|St. Peter's Church]] in [[Manhattan]]. At that time, Brooklyn did not yet have a Catholic church, so the McCloskey family had to row across the [[East River]] to Manhattan to attend [[Mass (liturgy)|mass]].<ref name=fordhamprep>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fordhamprep.org/alumni/hall-of-honor/inductees-h-p/john-cardinal-mccloskey |title="John Cardinal McCloskey", Fordham Preparatory School |access-date=October 10, 2022 |archive-date=October 10, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010032451/https://www.fordhamprep.org/alumni/hall-of-honor/inductees-h-p/john-cardinal-mccloskey |url-status=dead }}</ref>

At age five, McCloskey was enrolled at a [[boarding school]] for boys in Brooklyn run by the retired English actress [[Charlotte Melmoth]]. Even in his advanced years, he attributed his distinct enunciation to his training there. He moved with his family to Manhattan in 1817, and then entered the [[Latin school]] run by Thomas Brady, father of attorney [[James T. Brady]] and Judge [[John R. Brady]].<ref name=encyclopedia>{{CathEncy|wstitle=John McCloskey}}</ref> Following his father's death in 1820, the family moved to a farm in [[Bedford (town), New York|Bedford]], New York. <ref name=fordhamprep/>He became the ward of [[Cornelius Heeney]], a wealthy merchant and friend of the family.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Meehan|first=Thomas F.|date=April 1918|title=A Self-Effaced Philanthropist: Cornelius Heeney, 1754–1848|journal=The Catholic Historical Review|volume=4}}</ref>

The 11-year-old McCloskey, after a brief visit with Reverend [[John Dubois]], entered [[Mount St. Mary's University|Mount St. Mary's College]] in [[Emmitsburg, Maryland]], in September 1821.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Clarke|first1=Richard Henry|title=Lives of the Deceased Bishops of the Catholic Church in the United States|volume=II|year=1888|location=New York}}</ref> As a student at Mount St. Mary's, McCloskey was described as having <blockquote>"...won the admiration and esteem of his teachers and the respect and love of his college-mates by the piety and modesty of his character, his gentleness, and sweet disposition, the enthusiasm with which he threw himself into his studies, and his prominent standing in class."{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=23}} </blockquote>In his graduating year, McCloskey delivered a speech on [[patriotism]] that doubled as a defense of the poet [[Horace]]'s phrase, ''"[[Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori|It is sweet and fitting to die for one's country]]".'' Following his graduation in 1826, he returned to his mother's farm in Bedford.

During the spring of 1827 in Bedford, McCloskey was attempting to drive a team of [[ox]]en drawing a heavy load of logs when the wagon overturned, burying him under the logs for several hours. He was later discovered and taken to his house. For the next several days, McCloskey was unconscious. When he woke up, he was totally blind for a time.<ref name="fordham" /> 

During his convalescence, McCloskey decided to enter the priesthood. He returned to Mount St. Mary's in September 1827 for his [[seminary]] training.<ref name="fordham">{{Cite web |title=John Cardinal McCloskey {{!}} Fordham |url=https://www.fordham.edu/about/leadership-and-administration/administrative-offices/office-of-the-president/about/hall-of-honor/john-cardinal-mccloskey/ |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=www.fordham.edu}}</ref> Although he regained his eyesight, he tired easily and suffered from poor health for the rest of his life.<ref name="cms">{{cite news|work=Cardinal McCloskey Services|title=John Cardinal McCloskey|url=http://www.cardinalmccloskeyservices.org/john_mccloskey.shtml|access-date=July 27, 2009|archive-date=November 12, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112045040/http://www.cardinalmccloskeyservices.org/john_mccloskey.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> In addition to his studies, he began teaching [[Latin]] in 1829 at Mount St. Mary's .{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=50}} He received the [[tonsure]], [[minor orders]], and [[Subdeacon|subdiaconate]] all from Bishop [[Francis Kenrick]].

== Priesthood ==
[[File:St. John's College 1846.jpg|thumb|291x291px|St. John's College, New York City (1846)]]
On January 12, 1834, McCloskey was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] a priest for the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Diocese of New York]] by [[Bishop John Dubois]], at [[St. Patrick's Old Cathedral]] in Manhattan.<ref name="hierarchy">{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=John Cardinal McCloskey|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bmccl.html}}</ref> He became the first native New Yorker to enter the priesthood from the diocese.<ref name="transcript" /> After his ordination, the diocese assigned McCloskey as a [[Curate|parochial vicar]] at Old St. Patrick's Cathedral Parish and a chaplain at [[Bellevue Hospital Center|Bellevue Hospital]] in Manhattan. In February 1834, he was reassigned as a  professor of philosophy and [[University president|vice-president]] at the newly established St. Joseph's Seminary in [[Nyack, New York]]. However, the seminary was destroyed by a fire in August 1834.<ref name="encyclopedia" />

By 1834, New York City was still suffering from a cholera epidemic than had broken out two years earlier. McCloskey wanted to minister to the sick, but Dubois was concerned for his health. He instead sent McCloskey to Rome to study at the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] and [[Sapienza University of Rome|University of the Sapienza]] (1834–1837). While in Rome, he befriended Reverend [[Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire|Père Lacordaire]], and Cardinals [[Thomas Weld (cardinal)|Thomas Weld]] and [[Joseph Fesch]].<ref name="transcript" /> 

Abandoning his pursuit of the degree of [[Doctor of Divinity]] in Rome, and departing from there in February 1837, he visited Germany, [[Belgium]], France and England before returning to New York that summer.<ref name="transcript" /> From August 1837 to March 1844, McCloskey served as pastor of [[University Parish of St. Joseph in Greenwich Village|St. Joseph's Parish]] in [[Greenwich Village]] in New York City. His tenure at the parish was initially contentious, with the parish [[Trustee system (Catholic Church)|trustees]] refusing to pay him a salary or furnish his house{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=131}}

As pastor, McCloskey showed particular concern for the needs of the homeless children living in Greenwich Village.<ref name="cms" /> In addition to his duties at St. Joseph's, McCloskey served as the first president of [[Fordham University|St. John's College]] in the [[Fordham, Bronx|Fordham]] section of the Bronx from 1841 to 1842,<ref name="fordham" /> where he also taught rhetoric and literature.

==Episcopal ministry==

===Coadjutor Bishop of New York===
In 1843, McCloskey returned full-time to St. Joseph's. Later that year he was appointed [[Coadjutor Bishop|coadjutor bishop]] of New York and [[Titular Bishop|titular bishop]] of ''Axieri'' by [[Pope Gregory XVI]]. He received his [[Bishop (Catholicism)|episcopal consecration]] on March 10, 1844—his 34th birthday—from Bishop [[John Hughes (archbishop)|John Hughes]], with Bishops Benedict Fenwick (who had baptized him as a child) and [[Richard Vincent Whelan]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]], at St. Patrick's Cathedral.<ref name=hierarchy/> According to author Rocco Palma, Hughes had a reputation for bombast and aggressiveness while McCloskey was considered more quiet and gentle.<ref name="palmo">{{Cite web |title=Whispers in the Loggia: The First Prince... and His Patrons |url=http://whispersintheloggia.blogspot.com/2009/03/first-prince.html |access-date=2025-10-06 |language=en}}</ref> McCloskey busied himself primarily with a visitation of the entire diocese He was also instrumental in the [[Religious conversion|conversion]] Catholicism of [[Isaac Hecker]], founder of the [[Paulist Fathers]], and of [[James Roosevelt Bayley]], who later became [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore|archbishop of Baltimore]].

===Bishop of Albany===
[[File:St. Mary's Church, Albany.jpg|thumb|St. Mary's Church, Albany, New York (2005)]]
McCloskey was named the first bishop of the newly erected [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany|Diocese of Albany]] by [[Pope Pius IX]] on May 21, 1847.<ref name=hierarchy/> He was [[Enthronement|installed]] in Albany by Hughes on September 19, 1847.{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=161}} At the time of his arrival, the diocese covered {{convert|30000|sqmi|km2}} with 60,000 Catholics. It had 25 churches, 34 priests, two orphanages, and two free schools.<ref name=encyclopedia/> McCloskey's flock was made up largely of poor, uneducated Irish immigrants fleeing the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine]] in Ireland of 1845 to 1852.<ref>[https://cathedralic.com/history/ "John McCloskey, Shepherd of Exiles", Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Albany, NY]</ref>

McCloskey first selected [[St. Mary's Church (Albany, New York)|St. Mary's Church]] in Albany as his [[episcopal see]], but it soon proved unsuitable as a cathedral. McCloskey then started construction of the [[Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Albany, New York)|Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception]] in that city. The [[cornerstone]] was laid in July 1848 and its dedication took place in November 1852.<ref name=catholic>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01256a.htm Walsh, John. "Albany." The Catholic Encyclopedia] Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. October 4, 2015</ref>

McCloskey attended the [[Plenary Councils of Baltimore|First Plenary Council of Baltimore]] in 1852, convened the first diocesan [[synod]] in October 1855, and was named an [[Assistant at the Pontifical Throne|assistant at the pontifical throne]] by the Vatican in 1862. During his tenure in Albany, he increased the number of parishes to 113 and the number of priests to 84. He established three academies for boys and one for girls, four orphanages and 15 [[Catholic school|parochial schools]].  One significant accomplishment was the opening of St. Joseph's Provincial Seminary in [[Troy, New York|Troy]].<ref name=encyclopedia/> McCloskey also introduced the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]], Franciscans, [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchins]], Religious of the Sacred Heart, [[Sisters of Charity]], Sisters of Mercy, [[Sisters of St. Joseph]], and the De La Salle Christian Brothers into the diocese.<ref>{{cite book|last=Carthy, O.S.U.|first=Mother Mary Peter|title=Old St. Patrick's – New York's First Cathedral|year=1947|publisher=The United States Catholic Historical Society}}</ref>
===Archbishop of New York===
[[File:At New York, USA 2017 119.jpg|thumb|The current St. Patrick's Cathedral, Manhattan (2017)]]
Following Hughes' death in January 1864, McCloskey was widely expected to be named his successor.<ref name="encyclopedia" /> Distressed by the rumors, he wrote to Cardinal [[Karl-August von Reisach|Karl von Reisach]] of the [[Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples|Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith]], objecting, "I possess neither the learning, nor prudence, nor energy, nor firmness, nor bodily health or strength."<ref name="Egan">{{Cite web |last=ArchNY |date=2008-01-03 |title=Our First Cardinal |url=https://archny.org/our-first-cardinal/ |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=Archdiocese of New York |language=en-US}}</ref>{{sfn|Farley|1918|pp=304-305}} However, Pius IX nevertheless appointed him as the second archbishop of New York on May 6, 1864 and McCloskey accepted the position.<ref name="hierarchy" />

Following the end of the [[American Civil War]] in 1865, McCloskey resumed the construction of the new [[St. Patrick's Cathedral (New York City)|St. Patrick's Cathedral]] in Manhattan, begun under his predecessor. In October 1866, McCloskey traveled to Baltimore to attend the [[Plenary Councils of Baltimore|Second Plenary Council of Baltimore]], a meeting of all the bishops in the United States. Before the Council convened, he learned that the Old St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York had been gutted by a fire. McCloskey preached the sermon at the beginning of the first session.<ref name="Egan" />

After returning to New York, McCloskey me with the cathedral board of trustees. They immediately decided to rebuild the old cathedral; it was ready for Easter Sunday mass on  April 21, 1867. The completed rebuilding project was completed by March 13, 1868, and McCloskey rededicated the cathedral rededicated four days later. <ref name="Egan" /> McCloskey participated in the [[First Vatican Council]] in Rome from 1869 to 1870, and voted in favor of [[papal infallibility]] despite his feelings that such a declaration was "untimely."<ref name="Egan" /> On December 8, 1873, he solemnly dedicated the archdiocese to the [[Sacred Heart|Sacred Heart of Jesus]].{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=289}}

=== Cardinal ===
[[File:Imposing the Cardinal's berretta - upon his grace Archbishop McCloskey of New York, by his grace Archbishop Bayley of Baltimore, at St. Patricks Cathedral, N.Y., April 27th 1875 - published LCCN2002699698 (cropped).jpg|thumb|''Imposing the Cardinal's Berretta'', McCloskey (in black) receives the cardinal's [[biretta]] from Archbishop [[James Roosevelt Bayley]] (1875)]]
McCloskey was created [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal-priest]] of the [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva|Basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva]] in Rome by Pius IX in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of March 15, 1875, thus becoming the first American cardinal.<ref name="transcript">[https://thecatholicnewsarchive.org/?a=d&d=CTR19251203-01.2.57&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------- "Cardinals of the U.S.A.", ''The Catholic Transcript'', Volume XXVIII, Number 26, 3 December 1925]</ref> The news of his elevation was well received by Catholics and non-Catholics alike, and was viewed as a sign of the growing prestige of the United States. He received the red [[biretta]] from Archbishop Bayley in a ceremony at the Old St. Patrick's Cathedral on April 27, 1875. At the ceremony, McCloskey declared, <blockquote>"Not to my poor merits but to those of the young and already vigorous and most flourishing [[Roman Catholicism in the United States|Catholic Church of America]] has this honor been given by the [[Pope|Supreme Pontiff]]. Nor am I unaware that, when the Holy Father determined to confer me this honor he had regard to the dignity of the See of New York, to the merits and devotion of the venerable clergy and numerous laity, and that he had in mind even the eminent rank of this great city and the glorious American nation."{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=319}} </blockquote>Following the death of Pius IX in February 1878, McCloskey left for Rome but arrived too late to participate in the [[Papal conclave, 1878|papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope Leo XIII]]. The new pope bestowed the red hat upon him on March 28, 1878.<ref name="miranda">{{cite news|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|title=McCloskey, John|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1875.htm#McCloskey|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|access-date=July 27, 2009|archive-date=May 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517023127/http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1875.htm#McCloskey|url-status=live}}</ref> McCloskey dedicated the new St. Patrick's Cathedral in May 1879. <ref name="Egan" />

[[File:George Peter Alexander Healy - John McCloskey - NPG.65.68 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg|thumb|Portrait of McCloskey by [[George Peter Alexander Healy]] (1875)]]

During the later 1870s, [[Thomas Ewing Sherman]], son of the [[American Civil War]] general [[William Tecumseh Sherman]], told his father that he wanted to become a Jesuit priest. A very unhappy Sherman wrote to McCloskey in 1879, asking him to dissuade Thomas from this path. However, after talking with Thomas, McCloskey instead encouraged the boy to enter the priesthood. An enraged William Sherman, in a letter to a [[St. Louis, Missouri]] newspaper, blasted McCloskey, accusing him of taking away his son. When pressed for comment on Sherman's remarks by the newspaper's editor, McCloskey simply replied: "General Sherman's letter was marked 'personal and confidential.'" Thomas Sherman was ordained a priest in 1889.<ref name=palmo/> 

In 1880, Leo XIII appointed Bishop [[Michael Corrigan]] of the [[Archdiocese of Newark|Diocese of Newark]], as coadjutor archbishop to assist McCloskey. McCloskey last major public appearance was in January 1884 for the Golden Jubilee celebration of his priestly ordination; Leo XIII sent him a jeweled [[Chalice (cup)|chalice]] as a gift. <ref name="encyclopedia" />

During 1884, the Government of Italy was threatening to expropriate church property, including the Pontifical North American College. In March 1884, McCloskey lobbied US President [[Chester A. Arthur]] and US Secretary of State [[Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen|Frederick T. Frelinghuysen]] to intervene with Italy, saving the college from seizure.<ref name="encyclopedia" />

[[File:Drawing of John Cardinal McCloskey.jpg|thumb|Lithograph of McCloskey (1878)]]

McCloskey's 21-year-long tenure as archbishop of New York was a productive one. In response to the growing Catholic population in New York, he established 88 additional parishes (for a total of 229) in the Archdiocese, 25 of them in Manhattan, four in the [[The Bronx|Bronx]], and one in [[Staten Island]]; the remaining were established outside the city.<ref name=archdiocese>{{cite news|work=Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|title=John Cardinal McCloskey (1864–1885)|url=http://www.archny.org/media/files-bicentennial-celebration/cardinals.swf|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613025550/http://www.archny.org/media/files-bicentennial-celebration/cardinals.swf|archivedate=June 13, 2012}}</ref> Among these were the first parish for black Catholics as well as new churches for the growing Polish and Italian communities.<ref name=fordham/> The number of priests also rose from 150 to 400 during his tenure. An advocate of [[Catholic school|Catholic education]], at the time of his death there were 37,000 children enrolled at archdiocesan schools. He established several charitable societies for children and a hospital for the mentally ill.<ref name=cms/>

==Death==
Throughout 1885, McCloskey suffered from bouts of fever, intense pain, loss of sight, and a recurrence of [[malaria]]. He also appeared to be suffering symptoms of what could have been  [[Parkinson's disease]]. Within a few months, he was hospitalized

McCloskey died on October 10, 1885, at age 75 with his three nieces and his private secretary Monsignor[[John Murphy Farley|John Farley]] at his bedside.<ref name="fordhamprep" /> His [[funeral Mass|funeral mass]] was held at St. Patrick's Cathedral on October 25, 1885; during the eulogy, Archbishop [[James Gibbons]] described him as "a kind father, a devoted friend, a watchful shepherd, a fearless leader and, above all, an impartial judge."{{sfn|Farley|1918|p=367}} John McCloskey is interred under the main altar at St. Patrick's Cathedral.

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/thelifeofjohncar00mccluoft |last=Farley |first=John Murphy |author-link=John Murphy Farley |title=The Life of John Cardinal McCloskey |location=New York |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1918}}
* [http://www.jstor.org/stable/25011589. ''The Catholic Historical Review'', vol. 4, no. 3, 1918, pp. 370–73. JSTOR, (Review of Farley's book with observations re McCloskey)]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}

* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John McCloskey |sopt=t}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-aca}}
{{s-new|office}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of presidents of Fordham University|President of Fordham University]]|years=1841–1843}}
{{s-aft|after=John Harley, S.J.}}

{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Titular Bishop of Axieri|years=1843–1847}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Florentin-Étienne Jaussen]], [[Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary|SS.CC.]]}}

{{s-new|diocese}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany|Bishop of Albany]]|years=1847–1864}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John J. Conroy]]}}

{{s-bef|before=[[John Hughes (archbishop)|John Hughes]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archdiocese of New York|Archbishop of New York]]|years=1864–1885}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Michael Corrigan]]}}

{{s-bef|before=Matteo Eustachio Gonella}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Santa Maria sopra Minerva|Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]|years=1875–1885}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Zeferino González y Díaz Tuñón|Zeferino González]], [[Order of Preachers|O.P]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York}}
{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany}}
{{Fordham University presidents}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCloskey, John}}
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:Pope Pius IX]]
[[Category:19th-century American cardinals]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholic clergy of Irish descent]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Pius IX]]
[[Category:Fordham University faculty]]
[[Category:Religious leaders from Brooklyn]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of New York]]
[[Category:Burials at St. Patrick's Cathedral (Manhattan)]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Albany]]
[[Category:Mount St. Mary's University alumni]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Gregory XVI]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius IX]]