View source for Juan Goytisolo

{{short description|Spanish writer, poet and novelist}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2017}}
{{family name hatnote|Goytisolo|Gay|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox writer
| name         = Juan Goytisolo
| image        = Juan-goytisolo.jpg
| caption        = Juan Goytisolo in 2008
| pseudonym    = 
| birth_name   = Juan Goytisolo Gay<ref>[http://www.elpais.com/todo-sobre/persona/Juan/Goytisolo/Gay/36/ El País] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729090418/http://www.elpais.com/todo-sobre/persona/Juan/Goytisolo/Gay/36/ |date=2010-07-29 }} Retrieved 2010-07-16.</ref>
| birth_date   = {{birth date|df=y|1931|1|6}} 
| birth_place  = [[Barcelona]], Spain
| death_date   = {{death date and age|2017|6|4|1931|1|6|df=yes}} 
| death_place  = [[Marrakesh]], [[Morocco]]
| occupation   = {{flatlist|
* [[Novelist]]
* short story writer
* [[poet]]
* [[essayist]]
}}
| nationality  = [[Spanish people|Spanish]]
| period       = 1954–2017
| genre        = 
| subject      = 
| movement     = [[Postmodernist literature|Post-Modernism]]
| notableworks = [[Count Julian (novel)|''Count Julian'']] 
| spouse       = Monique Lange
| children     = 
| relatives    = [[Luis Goytisolo]], [[José Agustín Goytisolo|José Agustín]]
| influences   = 
| influenced   = 
| awards       = {{awd|[[Miguel de Cervantes Prize]]|2014}}
| signature    = 
| website      = 
| portaldisp   = 
}}
{{quote box|quote=For decades, my name was more popular in police stations than bookshops,<br /> and I do not mean to compliment the literary awareness of Spanish policemen.<ref name="NYTMag2006">Quoted in ''Eberstadt'', cited above.</ref>|source=Juan Goytisolo|width=300}}
'''Juan Goytisolo Gay''' (6 January 1931 – 4 June 2017) was a [[Spanish people|Spanish]] [[poet]], essayist, and [[novelist]]. He lived in Marrakesh from 1997 until his death in 2017.
He was considered Spain's greatest living writer at the beginning of the 21st century, yet he had lived abroad since the 1950s.
On 24 November 2014 he was awarded the [[Cervantes Prize]], the most prestigious literary award in the Spanish-speaking world.

==Background==
Juan Goytisolo was born to an upper class family. He claimed that this level of status, accompanied by the cruelties of his great-grandfather and the miserliness of his grandfather (discovered through the reading of old family letters and documents), was a major reason for his joining the [[Communist party]] in his youth.<ref>Goytisolo, Juan. Forbidden Territory. New York: Verso, 2003.</ref> His father was imprisoned by the Republican government during the [[Spanish Civil War]], while his mother, Julia Gay, was killed in the first Francoist air raid of Barcelona in 1938.<ref>"[H]is mother, killed during the Spanish Civil War, was Julia Gay". George E. Haggerty, ''Gay Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia'', p. 413.</ref> He attended a [[Jesuit]] school in Barcelona after the Civil War, where he began writing fiction as a teenager. He later attended law school at the University of Madrid and the University of Barcelona, but left without earning a degree.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/books/juan-goytisolo-dead-spanish-novelist-who-won-cervantes-prize.html "Juan Goytisolo, novelist who took aim at Spanish Conservatism, dies at 86"]. William Grimes, 'The New York Times', 06.07.2017. Retrieved 7 February 2018.</ref>

==Career==
After law studies, Goytisolo published his first novel, ''The Young Assassins'', in 1954. In 1956 he performed six months of military service in [[Mataró]], which inspired some of his early stories. His deep opposition to [[Francisco Franco]] led him into exile in Paris later that same year, where he worked as a reader for [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]]. In the early 1960s, he was a friend of [[Guy Debord]]. From 1969 to 1975 he worked as a literature professor in universities in [[California]], [[Boston]], and [[New York City|New York]]. Breaking with the realism of his earlier novels, he published ''[[Marks of Identity]]'' (1966), ''[[Count Julian (novel)|Count Julian]]'' (1970), and ''[[Juan the Landless]]'' (1975). During his tenure as a professor he also worked on his controversial Spanish translation of the works of [[José María Blanco White]], which he published in part as a critique of [[Francoist Spain]]. As with all his works, they were banned in Spain until after Franco's death.

In 2012, Goytisolo confirmed that he was finished writing novels, saying he had nothing more to write and that it was better he kept quiet. He continued, however, to publish essays and some poetry.<ref>Rosa Mora. [https://elpais.com/cultura/2012/09/08/actualidad/1347118141_478405.html Juan Goytisolo recibe el Premio Formentor con Carlos Fuentes en el recuerdo], El País, 08.09.2012; Accessed 09.09.2012</ref>

''Count Julian'' (1970, 1971, 1974) takes up, in an act of outspoken defiance, the side of [[Julian, count of Ceuta]], a man traditionally castigated as the ultimate [[treason|traitor]] in Spanish history. In Goytisolo's own words, he imagines "the destruction of Spanish mythology, its Catholicism and nationalism, in a literary attack on traditional Spain." He identifies himself "with the great traitor who opened the door to Arab invasion." The narrator in this novel, an exile in North Africa, rages against his beloved Spain, forming an obsessive identification with the fabled Count Julian, dreaming that, in a future invasion, the ethos and myths central to Hispanic identity will be totally destroyed.

==Family==
Goytisolo was married to the publisher, novelist and screenwriter {{ill|Monique Lange|es}}, whom he met in Paris in the 1950s. Lange was related to [[Emmanuel Berl]] and the philosopher [[Henri Bergson]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Kirkup|first=James|date=4 December 1996|title=Obituary: Monique Lange|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-monique-lange-1312919.html|work=[[The Independent]]|access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref> Goytisolo and Lange had something of an open relationship, and he slept with men but "love[d] only Monique".<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/aug/12/internationalwriting.books "Scourge of the New Spain"],
 Maya Jaggi, 'The Guardian', 12 August 2000. Retrieved 7 February 2018.</ref> They married in 1978 and lived together until she died in 1996. After her death, he was noted as saying their once-shared Paris apartment had become like a tomb. In 1997 he moved to [[Marrakesh]], where he died in 2017.

His brothers [[José Agustín Goytisolo]] (1928–1999) and [[Luis Goytisolo]] (1935) were also writers.<ref>
{{cite web|url=http://www.eldiario.es/cultura/Luis-Goytisolo-novelista-escribe-pies_0_445155752.html |title=Luis Goytisolo, el novelista que "escribe con los pies" |language=es |publisher=El Diario |date=25 October 2015 |access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref>

==Works==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}

===Fiction===
*''The Young Assassins'' (''Juegos de manos'') (1954) 
*''Duelo en el Paraíso'' (1955)
*''El mañana efímero'' (trilogy)
**''El circo'' (1957)
**''Fiestas'' (1958)
**''La Resaca'' (1958)
*''Para vivir aquí'' (1960)
*''La isla'' (1961)
*''La Chanca'' (1962)
*''Fin de fiesta. Tentativas de interpretación de una historia amorosa'' (1962)
*''Álvaro Mendiola'' (trilogy)
**''[[Marks of Identity]]'' (''Señas de identidad'', 1966)
**''[[Count Julian (novel)|Count Julian]]'' (''Reivindicación del conde don Julián'', 1970'')''
**''[[Juan the Landless]]'' (''Juan sin Tierra'', 1975)
*''Makbara'' (1980)
*''Paisajes después de la batalla'' (1985)
*''Las virtudes del pájaro solitario'' (1988)
*''La cuarentena'' (1991)
*''El sitio de los sitios'' (1995)
*''Las semanas del jardín'' (1997)
*''The Marx Family Saga'' (1999), (''La saga de los Marx'', 1993) 
*''State of Siege'' (2002)
*''Telón de boca'' (2003)
*''A Cock-Eyed Comedy'' (2005) (''Carajicomedia'', 2000)
*''[[Exiled from Almost Everywhere]]'' (''El exiliado de aquí y allá'', 2008)

===Essays===
*''Problemas de la novela'' (1959). Literature.
*''Furgón de cola'' (1967).
*''España y los españoles'' (1979). History and politics.
*''Crónicas sarracinas'' (1982).
*''El bosque de las letras'' (1995). Literature.
*''Disidencias'' (1996). Literature.
*''De la Ceca a la Meca. Aproximaciones al mundo islámico'' (1997).
*''Cogitus interruptus'' (1999).
*''El peaje de la vida'' (2000). With [[Sami Nair]].
*''Landscapes of War: From Sarajevo to Chechnya'' (2000).
*''El Lucernario: la pasión crítica de [[Manuel Azaña]]'' (2004).

===Others===
*''Campos de [[Níjar]]'' (1954). Travels, journalism.
*''Pueblo en marcha. Tierras de [[Manzanillo, Cuba|Manzanillo]]. Instantáneas de un viaje a Cuba'' (1962). Travels, journalism.
*''Obra inglesa de [[Joseph Blanco White|Blanco White]]'' (1972). Editor.
*''Coto vedado'' (1985). Memoir.
*''En los reinos de [[taifa]]'' (1986). Memoir.
*''[[Alquibla (TV series)|Alquibla]]'' (1988). TV script for TVE.
*''[[Istanbul|Estambul]] otomano'' (1989). Travels.
*''Aproximaciones a [[Antoni Gaudí|Gaudí]] en [[Cappadocia|Capadocia]]'' (1990). Travels.
*''Cuaderno de [[Siege of Sarajevo|Sarajevo]]'' (1993). Travels, journalism.
*''[[History of Algeria|Argelia]] en el vendaval'' (1994). Travels, journalism.
*''Paisajes de guerra con [[First Chechen War|Chechenia]] al fondo'' (1996). Travels, journalism.
*''Lectura del espacio en [[Djemaa el Fna|Xemaá-El-Fná]]'' (1997). Illustrated by [[Hans Werner Geerdts]].
*''El universo imaginario'' (1997).
*''Diálogo sobre la desmemoria, los tabúes y el olvido'' (2000). Conversation with [[Günter Grass]].
*''Paisajes de guerra: Sarajevo, Argelia, [[Palestine (region)|Palestina]], Chechenia'' (2001).
*''Pájaro que ensucia su propio nido'' (2001). Articles.
*''Memorias'' (2002).
*''España y sus [[Ejido]]s'' (2003).
*''Cinema Eden: Essays from the Muslim Mediterranean'' ([[Eland Books|Eland]], 2003) – an English-language translation of several of his essays
{{div col end}}

==Literary prizes==
*1985: [[Europalia]] Prize for Literature
*1993: [[Nelly Sachs Prize]]
*2002: [[Octavio Paz Prize]]
*2004: [[Juan Rulfo Prize]] for Latin American and Caribbean Literature
*2008: [[National Prize for Spanish Literature]]
*2010: [[Premio Don Quijote]]<ref>{{in lang|es}} [http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2010/10/26/actualidad/1288044011_850215.html "Los protagonistas de la lengua"] ''[[El País]]'' Retrieved 30 June 2013.</ref>
*2012: [[Prix Formentor]]
*2014: [[Miguel de Cervantes Prize]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2015/04/23/inenglish/1429799756_506607.html |title=Cervantes prizewinner laments state of Spain during ceremony |work=El Pais |author=Javier Rodriguez Marcos|date=23 April 2015 |access-date=27 April 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{in lang|es}} [http://ntic.educacion.es/w3/tematicas/juangoytisolo/index.html Official Page]
* [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/aug/12/internationalwriting.books "Scourge of the New Spain"], an article on Goytisolo from ''[[The Guardian]]''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120229145852/http://www.centerforbookculture.org/interviews/interview_goytisolo.html Interview with Goytisolo] from the Center for Book Culture
* [http://www.complete-review.com/authors/goytisoloj.htm Juan Goytisolo] at the ''[[complete review]]'' – bibliography, evaluation, and links
* Fernanda Eberstadt, [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/16/magazine/16goytisolo.html The Anti-Orientalist], ''[[The New York Times Magazine]]'' article, April 16, 2006
*{{cite book|last1=Miles|first1=Valerie|author-link=Valerie Miles|title=A Thousand Forests in One Acorn|date=2014|publisher=Open Letter|location=Rochester|isbn=978-1-934824-91-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/thousandforestsi0000unse/page/167 167–174]|url=https://archive.org/details/thousandforestsi0000unse/page/167}}
* Juan Goytisolo, [https://montages.blogspot.com/2007/11/voltaire-and-islam.html Voltaire and Islam], ''El País'', 4 May 2006
* Juan Goytisolo, [http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/historia/escribe/plaza/elpepuint/20110214elpepiint_5/Tes La historia se escibe en la plaza] ''El País'', 14 February 2011

{{Miguel de Cervantes Prize}}
{{Prix Méditerranée winners}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Goytisolo, Juan}}
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:Bisexual male writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Marrakesh]]
[[Category:Spanish male novelists]]
[[Category:Spanish male poets]]
[[Category:Writers from Barcelona]]
[[Category:Spanish bisexual men]]
[[Category:Spanish bisexual writers]]
[[Category:Spanish LGBTQ poets]]
[[Category:Spanish LGBTQ novelists]]
[[Category:Spanish male essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish essayists]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Spanish male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Spanish male writers]]
[[Category:Spanish expatriates in Morocco]]
[[Category:Spanish expatriates in France]]
[[Category:LGBTQ people from Catalonia]]
[[Category:Bisexual academics]]
[[Category:Bisexual poets]]
[[Category:Bisexual novelists]]
[[Category:Premio Cervantes winners]]