View source for Kabul Province

{{Short description|Province of Afghanistan}}
{{For|the capital city of Afghanistan|Kabul}}
{{Distinguish|Zabul Province}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Kabul
| native_name        = {{nq|کابل}}
| native_name_lang   = fa
| settlement_type    = [[Provinces of Afghanistan|Province]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| total_width              = 300
| perrow                   = 1/2/2/1
| image1                   = Shah-e-Doshamshera Mosque - panoramio.jpg
| image2                   = Kabul river - panoramio.jpg
| image3                   = Kabul 2015.jpg
| image4                   = Modern Kabul - panoramio.jpg
| image5                     =  Kabul province mountain (8735703666).jpg
| image6                     = Taq-e-Zafar+ cropped.jpg
}}
| image_flag         = 
| flag_alt           = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_alt           = 
| image_shield       = 
| shield_alt         = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = Kabul in Afghanistan.svg
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = Map of Afghanistan with Kabul highlighted
| pushpin_map        = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| coordinates        = {{Coord|34.00|69.00|region:AF-KAB_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = Capital
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{Flag|Afghanistan}}
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| founder            = 
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Kabul]]
| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party       = 
| leader_title       = [[List of governors of Kabul|Governor]]
| leader_name        = [[Mohammad Aman Obaid]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Taliban appoints new governors, police chiefs in key provinces |url=https://amu.tv/74509/ |website=Amu TV |access-date=15 April 2024 |date=27 November 2023 |archive-date=29 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229085150/https://amu.tv/74509/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| leader_title1      = Deputy Governor
| leader_name1       = [[Mufti Mohammad Idris]]
| leader_title2      = Police Chief
| leader_name2       = Wali Jan Hamza
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 4523
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_water_km2     = 0
| area_water_percent = 
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| population_footnotes = <ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Estimated-Population-of-Afghanistan1-1400.pdf |title=Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021-22 |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=April 2021 |website= |publisher=National Statistic and Information Authority (NSIA) |access-date=June 21, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204559/https://www.nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Estimated-Population-of-Afghanistan1-1400.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_total   = 5572630
| population_as_of   = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = 
| population_note    = 
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Languages of Afghanistan|Main languages]]
| blank_info_sec1    = [[Dari language|Dari]]<br />[[Pashto language|Pashto]]
| timezone1          = Afghanistan Time
| utc_offset1        = +4:30
| timezone1_DST      = 
| utc_offset1_DST    = 
| postal_code_type   = Postal codes
| postal_code        = 10xx
| area_code_type     = 
| area_code          = 
| iso_code           = AF-KAB
| website            = 
| footnotes          = 
| official_name      = 
}}

'''Kabul'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɑː|b|uː|l}}<ref>[[American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language]], 1969.</ref> {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɑː|b|əl}},<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Kabul|accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɑː|b|ʊ|l|,_|k|ə|ˈ|b|uː|l}},<ref>{{cite web |title=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |url=https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=kabul |access-date=1 April 2024 |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401032515/https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=kabul |url-status=live }}</ref> {{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|b|ʊ|l}}{{citation needed |date=February 2024 }}}} ([[Pashto]]{{efn|{{IPA|ps|kɑˈbəl}}}}; [[Dari]]{{efn|{{IPA|prs|kʰɑː.bʊ́l}}}}: {{nq|کابل}}), situated in the east of the country, is one of the thirty-four [[provinces of Afghanistan]]. The capital of the province is [[Kabul]] city, which is [[Afghanistan]]'s capital and largest city. The population of the Kabul Province is over 5.5 million people as of 2022,<ref name=nsia>{{cite web|url=http://nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Estimated-1401-010_compressed.pdf|title=Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2022-23|publisher=Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, National Statistics and Information Authority|date=1 April 2022|access-date=3 July 2023|archive-date=22 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522012216/http://nsia.gov.af:8080/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Estimated-1401-010_compressed.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> of which over 85 percent live in urban areas. The current [[List of governors of Kabul|governor]] of the province is [[Mohammad Aman Obaid]].

It borders the provinces of [[Parwan Province|Parwan]] to the north, [[Kapisa Province|Kapisa]] to the north-east, [[Laghman Province|Laghman]] to the east, [[Nangarhar Province|Nangarhar]] to the south-east, [[Logar Province|Logar]] to the south, and [[Wardak Province|Wardak]] to the west.

==Geography==
{{Further|Geography of Afghanistan}}
[[File:Mountains of Kabul.jpg|thumb|left|[[Kabul]] city, situated 5,900&nbsp;ft above sea level in a narrow valley, wedged between the [[Hindu Kush]] mountains.]]
Kabul is located between Latitude 34-31' North and Longitude 69-12' East at an altitude of 1800 m (6000&nbsp;feet) above sea level, which makes it [[List of capital cities by altitude|one of the world's highest capital]] cities. Kabul is strategically situated in a valley surrounded by high mountains at crossroads of north-south and east-west trade routes. One million years ago the Kabul region was surrounded from south-east between [[Logar Province|Lowgar]] and [[Paghman]] Mountains; [[Charikar]] in the north and the Ningai Ghar mountains in the west. This region formed an icy sea. Some deep wells in the region of today's Poli Charkhi in the east part of city are the evidence of that time. Kabul is surrounded by ''Koh-e Paghman'' Mountain from the east, ''Koh-e Qrough'' Mountain from the south-west and [[Koh-e Shirdarwaza]] Mountain from the north-east. Kabul has only one river which is called [[Kabul River]]. Kabul River rises at the Paghman Mountain toward South Pass about {{convert|70|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of Kabul. It flows in an easterly direction, past Kabul, and through [[Jalalabad]] city, and then on to [[Kama Daka, Afghanistan|Dakka]] where it enters Pakistani territory and finally runs into the Indus at [[Attock]].

The climate within region of Kabul is considered to be [[Desert|arid]] to [[semi-arid]] [[steppe]]. Because of the very low amounts of precipitation, especially from May to November, Kabul can be very dry and dusty. Extreme temperature changes occur from night to day, season to season, and from place to place. The chief characteristic of Afghanistan's climate is a blue cloudless sky with over 300 days of sunshine yearly. Even during the winter, skies usually remain clear between snowfalls, which are on average {{convert|15|-|30|cm|abbr=on}} annually. The daily temperature for [[Kabul#Climate|Kabul]] city in winter is {{convert|-1|C|0}} and in summer {{convert|24|C|0}}. The coldest month of the year is January and the hottest month is July. The maximum temperature has been recorded as +42.7&nbsp;°C{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} in July and the minimum as −26.3&nbsp;°C{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} in January.

==History==
{{Further|History of Afghanistan}}
{{History of Afghanistan}}

Kabul's history dates back more than 3,500 years. It was once the center of [[Zoroastrianism]]<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1651814.stm SOUTH ASIA | Kabul: City of lost glories] . BBC News (2001-11-12). Retrieved on 2010-10-19.</ref> and subsequently also a home for [[Buddhism in Afghanistan|Buddhists]] and [[Hinduism in Afghanistan|Hindus]].

The native citizens of Kabul as per the records of the [[British Museum]] are [[Tajiks]] and [[Pashtuns]].

The city was invaded by [[Arab people|Arab]] [[Muslim]]s in the 7th century by introducing [[Islam]] {{Citation needed|date=April 2017}} but was slowly taken back by the [[Hindu Shahi]]s of Kabul. It was re-invaded by the [[Saffarid dynasty|Saffarids]] and [[Samanids]] in the 9th century followed by [[Mahmud of Ghaznavi]] in the 11th century, when the [[Hindu]] Shahi King Jay Pala committed suicide. It became part of the [[Ghurids]] after defeating the [[Ghaznavids]], and later it was invaded by the [[Mongol Empire|Mongols]] under [[Genghis Khan]].

[[Timur]], founder of the [[Timurid dynasty]], invaded the region in 14th century and developed it into a major trading center. In 1504, the city fell to [[Babur]] from the north of the country and was made into his capital, which became one of the principal cities of his later [[Mughal Empire]]. In 1525, Babur described [[Kabulistan]] in [[baburnama|his memoirs]] by writing that:

{{Blockquote|In the [[Kabulistan|country of Kābul]] there are many and various tribes. Its valleys and plains are inhabited by [[Turkic peoples|Tūrks]], [[Aymāq|Aimāks]], and [[History of Arabs in Afghanistan|Arabs]]. In the city and the greater part of the villages, the population consists of [[Tajik people|Tājiks]] (called "[[Sart]]s" by Babur). Many other of the villages and districts are occupied by [[Pashai people|Pashāis]], [[Parachinar|Parāchis]], Tājiks, Berekis, and [[Afghan (ethnonym)|Afghans]]. In the hill-country to the west, reside the [[Hazara people|Hazāras]] and [[Qara'unas|Nukderis]]. Among the Nukderi tribes, there are some who speak the [[Moghol language|Moghul]](mongol) language. In the hill-country to the north-east lies [[Kafiristan|Kaferistān]], such as [[Chitrali people|Kattor and Gebrek]]. There are eleven or twelve different languages spoken in Kābul: [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Turkic language|Tūrki]], Moghuli, [[Hindi]], [[Pashto language|Afghani]], [[Pashai language|Pashāi]], Parāchi, Geberi, Bereki, and Lamghāni...<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://persian.packhum.org/persian//pf?file=03501051&ct=92|title=Events Of The Year 910|access-date=2010-08-22|author=[[Babur|Zahir ud-Din Mohammad Babur]]|work=[[Baburnama|Memoirs of Babur]]|publisher=Packard Humanities Institute|year=1525|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114042010/http://persian.packhum.org/persian//pf?file=03501051&ct=92|archive-date=2012-11-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>|[[Baburnama]]|1525 AD}}

For much of its time Kabul was independent until it became part of the [[Durrani Empire]] in 1747. During the [[First Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1839, the British army invaded the area but withdrew in 1842, although thousands of them were killed during a surprise ambush on their way to Jalalabad. In retaliation another British force partly burned Kabul before retreating back to [[British Raj|British India]]. The British again occupied the city during the [[Second Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1879, after their resident staff were massacred there, but withdrew about a year later when they installed [[list of monarchs of Afghanistan|Emir]].

In 1919, King [[Amanullah Khan]] rose to power during the [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]] when Afghanistan's capital and its eastern city of [[Jalalabad]] were [[strategic bombing|air raid]]ed by the [[No. 31 Squadron RAF|No. 31 and 114 squadrons]] of the British [[Royal Air Force]] in May 1919.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.national-army-museum.ac.uk/exhibitions/afghanistan/page4.shtml |title=The Road to Kabul: British armies in Afghanistan, 1839–1919 |publisher=[[National Army Museum]] |access-date=2011-02-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126035657/http://www.national-army-museum.ac.uk/exhibitions/afghanistan/page4.shtml |archive-date=2010-11-26 }}</ref><ref name="BL">{{cite web |url=http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/afghanistan/afghanistancollection/1919to1928/sources1919to1928.html |title=Afghanistan 1919–1928: Sources in the India Office Records |quote=''1919 (May), outbreak of Third Anglo-Afghan War. British bomb Kabul and Jalalabad;'' |publisher=[[British Library]] |access-date=2011-02-11 |archive-date=2017-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116111138/http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/afghanistan/afghanistancollection/1919to1928/sources1919to1928.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Amanullah Khan defeated the British and began modernization of the country after the signing of the [[Treaty of Rawalpindi]]. In the late 1920s, switching of power took place until [[Mohammed Zahir Shah|Zahir Shah]] became the youngest new King.

In the 1960s and 1970s, Kabul was known as the Paris of [[central Asia]] as it was transforming into a European style city. Once the jewel of Asia, a very progressive and moderately modern capital. Kabul in those days had, modern cinemas, cafes, formal French gardens, schools, libraries, universities, fine boutiques. The inhabitants of Kabul known as "Kabulis" were highly educated, modern, progressive and cosmopolitan people. Where women and men attended primary school, high school and university. Mini-jupes (mini skirts) were a common sight in the 1970s. Highly educated, culturally aware and yet religious at the same time, there was never an issue with not having your hair covered or the clothes you wore in the Kabul of the 1960s and 1970s. This progressive peaceful society lasted until foreign interference occurred in the late 1970s plummeting the country to what Afghanistan has become today. In December 1979, Soviet armed forces landed at [[Kabul International Airport]] to help bolster the [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan|PDPA]]-led government of Afghanistan.

[[File:Military terminal at Kabul International Airport.jpg|thumb|left|[[NATO]]'s military terminal at [[Kabul International Airport]]]]

Kabul became the [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet]] command center for approximately 10 years during their stay in Afghanistan. In February 1989, Soviet forces withdrew from Afghanistan after they were defeated by the [[Mujahideen]]s. In spring of 1992 the government of [[Mohammad Najibullah]] collapsed, Kabul fell into the hands of Mujahideen forces. Destruction increased as the coalition of the parties broke into rival warring factions, and much of Kabul was damaged. In 1996 the [[Taliban]] took over the region and started a new strict Islamic [[Sharia]] rule which restricted most forms of education, entertainment, women from working, men from shaving beards, and many normal human activities or hobbies.

[[File:Police cars - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Common vehicles of the [[Afghan National Police]]]]

Less than a month after the [[September 11 attacks]] in the United States, in October 2001, the [[United States armed forces|United States Armed Forces]] assisted by [[British Armed Forces]] provided massive air support to [[United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan|United Front]] (Northern Alliance) ground forces during [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Operation Enduring Freedom]]. The Taliban abandoned Kabul and the United Front came to take control of the city. In December 2001 Kabul became the capital of the [[Afghan Transitional Administration]], which transformed to the present [[Karzai administration|Government of Afghanistan]] that is led by President [[Hamid Karzai]].

In early 2002 a [[NATO]]-led [[International Security Assistance Force]] (ISAF) was deployed in Kabul and from there they began taking over other parts of the country. The war-torn city began to see some positive development as millions of expats returned to the country. Its population has grown from about 500,000 in 2001 to over 3 million by 2007. Many foreign embassies re-opened, especially the biggest [[U.S. Embassy, Kabul|U.S. Embassy]]. Afghan government institutions were also re-developed and modernized. Since 2008 the newly trained [[Afghan National Police]] (ANP) and the [[Afghan National Army]] (ANA) have been in charge of security in the area, while NATO also has a heavy presence but is not patrolling the streets anymore.

While the city is being developed, it is also the scene of occasional deadly suicide bombings and explosions carried out by the [[Haqqani network]], Taliban's [[Quetta Shura]], [[Hezb-i Islami]], [[Al Qaeda]], and other anti-government elements who are allegedly supported and guided by Pakistan's [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] (ISI) spy network.<ref name=US-blames-Pakistan>{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/pakistan-isi-urged-attacks-u-targets-officials-002201562.html |title=U.S. blames Pakistan agency in Kabul attack |publisher=Reuters |date=September 22, 2011 |access-date=2011-09-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925075845/http://news.yahoo.com/pakistan-isi-urged-attacks-u-targets-officials-002201562.html |archive-date=September 25, 2011}}</ref>

==Politics==
{{Further|Politics of Afghanistan|Foreign relations of Afghanistan|List of governors of Kabul}}
[[File:New Afghan Parliament Building.png|thumb|The [[National Assembly (Afghanistan)|Afghan Parliament]]]]
Kabul was occupied by a number of mujahideen rebel groups and warlords before Najibullah's government collapsed in 1992. The city and province were contested by the various rebel forces who fought for power until it was captured by the [[Taliban]] in 1996. A new strict law was introduced by the Taliban. There was very little information on how Afghanistan was governed but the country had only one leader, [[Mullah Omar]], the head of Taliban who fled to Pakistan after the US-led invasion on October 7, 2001. The Taliban laws were quickly abolished and humanities came in effect to enable Kabul to recover from the destruction caused by the mujahideen and Taliban forces. The [[2002 loya jirga]] took place to solve the country's political problems.

Afghanistan adopted a new [[Constitution of Afghanistan|constitution]] in January 2004, establishing the country as an [[Islamic Republic]]. According to the constitution, the Afghan government consists of a President, two Vice Presidents, and a [[National Assembly (Afghanistan)|National Assembly]] (Parliament). The National Assembly has two houses: the House of People ([[Wolesi Jirga]]), and the House of Elders ([[Meshrano Jirga]]). There is also an independent Judiciary branch consisting of the [[Afghan Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] (Stara Mahkama), High Courts and Appeal Courts. The President appoints the members of the Supreme Court with the approval of the [[Wolesi Jirga]].

Afghanistan's presidential [[elections]] were held in October 2004. Over 8 million Afghans voted in the elections. The Joint Electoral Management Body of Afghanistan certified the elections and declared [[Hamid Karzai]], the interim President, the winner with 55.4% of the vote. Karzai's strongest opponent, [[Yunus Qanuni]], received 16.3% of the vote. The elections were not without controversy; allegations of fraud and [[ballot stuffing]] were brought up by many of the presidential candidates including Qanuni. A panel of international experts was set up to investigate the matter. The panel did find evidence of voting irregularities, however, they said that it was not enough to affect the outcome of the elections.

==Economy==
{{Further|Economy of Afghanistan}}
[[File:1950s Afghanistan - Metal shop in Kabul.jpg|thumb|Skilled workers at a factory in Kabul, press operators are building new standards for themselves and their country. 1950]]
Kabul's products include: natural gas, cotton, wool, carpets, agriculture, and some small production companies. Kabul has trade partnerships with the [[United Kingdom|UK]], France, Germany, United States, India, [[South Korea]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Kenya]], Russia, [[Pakistan]], China, [[Iran]]. Kabul's economy was influenced by the America and has increased by almost 3500% after shrinking for 25 years.{{when|date=May 2014}} A new currency was introduced to Afghans which helped the economy. New business was in the new regime. Many American industries were interested in the new Kabul and many new companies have since then opened their branches in Kabul. The Kabul City Centre Mall was built and has nearly 100 shops.<ref>[http://www.iwpr.net/?p=arr&s=f&o=257693&apc_state=heniarr200511 Afghans Head for the Mall – IWPR Institute for War & Peace Reporting]. Iwpr.net. Retrieved on 2010-10-19.</ref>

The economy is at a boom level and is increasing dramatically. Housing costs are rising as are employee wages. The cost of living has increased dramatically which is a problem for the non-educated Afghans, who cannot support themselves. The UN helps Afghans in need of help by providing aid, food and school materials for schools. Many international aid organizations are contributing to the Afghan economy.

===Tourism===
In the 1960s and 70s most of Kabul's economy depended on tourism.{{dubious|date=May 2014}}{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} Kabul had textile, cotton production, and carpet production industries, but most of its economy came through tourism which it lost during its destruction.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}}

== Demographics and administration ==
{{Further|Demography of Afghanistan}}
[[File:Kabul districts.png|250px|thumb|Kabul province is made up of 14 districts.]]
As of 2022, the total population of Kabul province is 5,572,630,<ref name=nsia/> of which about 85 percent live in the urban areas (mainly in the Kabul [[metropolitan area]]) while the remaining 15 percent are rural residents. It is one of the most ethnically diverse provinces.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=senior_seminar | title=Ethnicity, Space, and Politics in Afghanistan | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320035957/https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=senior_seminar | archive-date=2023-03-20 }}</ref>

The city of [[Kabul]] is multi-ethnic. As of 2003, it is composed of  60% [[Tajiks]], 20% [[Pashtuns]], 15% [[Hazaras]], 2% [[Uzbeks]], 1% [[Baloch people|Baloch]], 1% [[Turkmens|Turkmen]], and 1% [[Hinduism in Afghanistan|Hindu]].<ref name="NAT-2003"/> The [[Dari]] and [[Pashto]] languages are widely used in the region.

===Districts===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+  Districts of Kabul Province
|-
! District
! Capital
! Population<br />Estimate<br />2022<ref name=nsia/>
! Area in km<sup>2</sup><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/afghanistan/|title=FAO in Afghanistan – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|website=www.fao.org|access-date=29 March 2018|archive-date=16 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716180458/http://www.fao.org/afghanistan/|url-status=live}}</ref>
!Pop. density<br/>per km<sup>2</sup>
! Ethnic data (%)<ref>{{Cite web | title=Afghanistan Badghis province| url=http://www.aims.org.af | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929110117/http://www.aims.org.af/maps/provincial/badghis.pdf |archive-date=2007-09-29 }}</ref>
! Notes
|-
|[[Bagrami District|Bagrami]] || [[Bagrami]] || align=right| 62,709 || 230 || 272 || Tajik <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/bagrami.pdf | title=UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region - District profile - Kabul | website=www.aims.org.af | access-date=17 January 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051027172055/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/bagrami.pdf | archive-date=27 October 2005 | url-status=dead}}</ref> & pashtun ||
|-
|[[Chahar Asyab District|Chahar Asyab]] || [[Qalai Naeem]] || align=right| 41,452 || 246 || 168 || Pashtuns, Tajiks, and few Hazara<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061007070530/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/char_asiab.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Char Asiab] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref>|| 
|-
|[[Deh Sabz District|Deh Sabz]] || [[Tarakhel]] || align=right| 61,115 || 525 || 117 || 70% Tajiks<br />30% Pashtuns <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/deh_sabz.pdf | title=UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region - District profile - Kabul | website=www.aims.org.af | access-date=11 January 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051027173537/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/deh_sabz.pdf | archive-date=27 October 2005 | url-status=dead}}</ref>||
|-
|[[Farza District|Farza]] || [[Dehnawe Farza]] || align=right| 24,313 || 85|| 287 ||  Predominately Tajiks<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027170923/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/farza.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Farza] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref>|| Created in 2005 from [[Mir Bacha Kot District]]
|-
|[[Guldara District|Guldara]] || [[Guldara]] || align=right| 25,907 || 84 || 310 || Predominately Tajiks<br />||
|-
|[[Istalif District|Istalif]] || [[Istalif]] || align=right| 37,998 || 108 || 354 || Predominately Tajik ||
|-
|[[Kabul District|Kabul]] (city) || [[Kabul]] || align=right| 4,434,550 || 383 || 11,575 || 60% Tajiks, 15% Pashtuns, 20% Hazaras, 5% others .<ref name="NAT-2003">{{cite web |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0311/feature2/images/mp_download.2.pdf |title=2003 National Geographic Population Map |work=Thomas Gouttierre, Center For Afghanistan Studies, [[University of Nebraska Omaha]]; Matthew S. Baker, Stratfor |publisher=[[National Geographic Society]] |date=November 2003 |access-date=2010-06-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227220328/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0311/feature2/images/mp_download.2.pdf |archive-date=2008-02-27 }}</ref>||
|-
|[[Kalakan District|Kalakan]] || [[Kalakan]] || align=right| 34,278 || 73 || 470 || Predominantly Tajik <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027172215/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/kalakan.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Kalakan] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref>||
|-
|[[Khaki Jabbar District|Khaki Jabbar]] || [[Khak-i Jabbar]] || align=right| 16,209 || 590 || 27 ||  Majority Pashtuns <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027183820/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/khak_e_jabbar.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Khak-e-Jabbar] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref>||
|-
|[[Mir Bacha Kot District|Mir Bacha Kot]] || [[Mir Bacha Kot]] || align=right| 59,122 || 62 || 956 || Predominantly Tajiks || Split in 2005 to create a new [[Farza District]]
|-
|[[Mussahi District|Mussahi]] || [[Mussahi]] || align=right| 26,439 || 119 || 222 || Pashtuns, Pashae, Tajiks <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027172241/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/mussahi.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Mussahi] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref> ||
|-
|[[Paghman District|Paghman]] || [[Paghman]] || align=right| 138,507 || 385 || 360 || 50% Pashtuns<br />50% Tajiks<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051027173613/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/paghmani.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Paghman] (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref> ||
|-
|[[Qarabagh District, Kabul|Qarabagh]] || [[Qara Bagh, Kabul Province|Qara Bagh]] || align=right| 86,358 || 214 || 403 ||Predominantly Tajiks||
|-
|[[Shakardara District|Shakardara]] || [[Shakar Dara]] || align=right| 93,001 || 271 || 344 ||
Predominantly Tajiks 
|-
|[[Surobi District (Kabul)|Surobi]] || [[Surobi, Kabul|Surobi]] || align=right| 62,709 || 1,314 || 48 || Predominantly Pashtuns <ref>[http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/sarobe.pdf UNHCR Sub-Office Central Region – District Profile – Sarobi] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615054426/http://www.aims.org.af/afg/dist_profiles/unhcr_district_profiles/centra/kabul/sarobe.pdf |date=2011-06-15 }} (PDF) Retrieved on 2011-1-22.</ref>||
|- bgcolor="#d3d3d3"
|'''Kabul'''
|
|'''5,204,667'''
|'''4,524'''
|'''1,150'''
| 63% [[Tajiks]], 20% [[Pashtuns]], 15% [[Hazaras]], 2% others ( Sadats, baluchs, Arabs, Uzbeks ){{refn|group=note|Note: "Predominantely" or "dominated" is interpreted as 99%, "majority" as 70%, "mixed" as 1/(number of ethnicities), "minority" as 30% and "few" or "some" as 1%.}}
|
|}
{{reflist|group=note}}

==Transportation==
Transportation in Kabul is improving as the number of new vehicles and experienced drivers continues to grow. Public transportation services are available in the Kabul vicinity, but many roads are still in disrepair. Drivers also face challenges from the large number of cyclists. However, more vehicles are appearing in the city as car ownership increases. Taxis are widely available throughout Kabul, including in most districts, providing an essential mode of transport for locals and visitors.

Since the Taliban's return to power, local taxi services have improved as new roads are being constructed and public transportation infrastructure is being enhanced. Several companies are also working to further improve transportation options in the city. For instance, '''[https://tour.af Tour.af]''', a company specializing in tourism and transportation, is planning to introduce an online taxi service to make travel within Kabul more convenient and accessible. This initiative is part of their broader efforts to support tourism and provide reliable transportation services in Afghanistan.

Kabul's '''Milli Bus (National Bus)''' system, with approximately 800 buses, continues to serve the city and nearby areas. In addition, several new highways have been constructed in the province, and the government is committed to rebuilding smaller roads. Funding for these improvements comes from toll charges paid by drivers using highways and major roads. Motorists are required to obtain inspection certificates, issued monthly, quarterly, or annually, which are displayed on vehicle windshields.

Trucks are commonly used to transport goods between districts or to other cities in the country. With the support of foreign companies and organizations, the Afghan government has initiated extensive roadwork to improve Kabul’s infrastructure. Auto companies like Honda, Toyota, Ford Motor Company, and Chevrolet have also re-entered the Kabul market, further diversifying transportation options.

==Healthcare==
The percentage of households with clean drinking water fell from 65% in 2005 to 56% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org">Archive, Civil Military Fusion Centre, {{cite web |url=https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Kabul.aspx |title=Pages - Kabul |access-date=2014-05-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531105300/https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Kabul.aspx |archive-date=2014-05-31 }}</ref>
The percentage of births attended to by a skilled birth attendant increased from 46% in 2005 to 73% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>

==Education==
{{Further|Education in Afghanistan}}
The overall literacy rate (6+ years of age) fell from 58% in 2005 to 47% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/> The overall net enrollment rate (6–13 years of age) increased from 46% in 2005 to 65% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>

Kabul is Afghanistan's center for education. People from all the provinces of the country come to Kabul for education. There are many schools and universities that have opened doors for men and women. In the 1970s, about 55% of Kabul's population was educated without materials or proper learning resources, but nowadays most of the young children are sent to work by their parents to support their living costs. The education rate has declined dramatically during the last 20 years. Most of the schools in Kabul were set as battle points during the wars and have been demolished.

===List of universities in Kabul===
{{Further|List of universities in Afghanistan}}
[[File:Saleha Bayat Building at AUAF in Kabul-2.jpg|thumb|[[American University of Afghanistan]] (AUAF)]]

* [[Afghanistan Technical Vocational Institute]]
* [[American University of Afghanistan]]
* [[Bakhtar University]]
* [[Kabul Medical University]]
* [[Kabul University]]
* [[Kardan University]]
* [[Karwan University]]
* [[Kateb University]]
* [[Maryam University]]
* [[National Military Academy of Afghanistan]]
*
* [[Polytechnical University of Kabul]]

===List of schools in Kabul===
{{Further|List of schools in Afghanistan}}
[[File:Afghans standing in front of Rahman Baba High School in Kabul.jpg|thumb|[[Rahman Baba High School]]]]

* Abdul Rahim-e-Shaheed High School (for boys and girls (Year 1-Year 6))
* [[Ahmad Shah Baba High School]] (for boys, named after [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]])
* Aisha-i-Durani School (or Mädchengymnasium Aysha-e Durani) and Wirtschaftsgymnasium für Mädchen Jamhuriat (German-Afghan schools for girls)
* [[Amani High School]] (German-Afghan school for boys founded in 1924)
* [[Durkhanai High School]] (for girls)
* [[Ghazi High School]] (for boys, names after [[Amanullah Khan]])
* [[Ghulam Haider Khan High School]]
* [[Habibia High School]] (British-Afghan school founded in 1904 as Habibya College)
* [[International School of Kabul]]
* [[Lycées Esteqlal and Malalaï in Kabul|Lycée Esteqlal and Lycée Malalaï]] (French ''lycées'' founded in 1922 and 1932 respectively)
* [[Malalai High School]] (for girls, named after [[Malalai Anna]])
* [[Malika Soraya High School]] (for girls, named after Queen [[Soraya Tarzi]])
* [[Naderia High School]] (For Boys)
* [[Nazo Ana High School]] (for girls, named after [[Nazo Tokhi]])
* [[Raman Baba High School]] (for boys, named after [[Rahman Baba]])
* [[Sultana Razia High School]] (for girls)

==Sports==
{{Further|Sport in Afghanistan}}
[[File:Ghazi Stadium - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Ghazi Stadium]] in the city of Kabul]]
Kabul is the center of annual [[buzkashi]] Cricket and [[football in Afghanistan|football]] tournaments, where teams from all over of Afghanistan, and sometimes from neighboring [[Pakistan]], [[Iran]], [[Uzbekistan]], and [[Tajikistan]] participate. Sports is a daily routine for employees in Afghanistan, when they all join each other in tournaments and matches, specially soccer games. Golf is played at the [[Kabul Golf Club]], which is a short drive from the capital near the [[Qargha]] water park.
Cricket is the number-one sport in Afghanistan with big achievements. Annual cricket tournament happen under the name of Shpagizz and from all over Afghanistan teams attend in this tournament. Afghanistan cricket team has participated in world cups.
[[Afghanistan national football team]] also participated in many Asian Soccer Leagues. Many Afghans who were living as [[Afghan refugees|refugees]] in Pakistan and India repatriated, and they brought the game of [[cricket in Afghanistan|cricket]] with them. Afghanistan now has a [[Afghanistan national cricket team|national cricket team]] that plays internationally. The Province itself is represented in Afghan domestic cricket by the [[Kabul Province cricket team]], who were the inaugural winners of the 2010 Etisalat 50 over tournament.

There are also [[basketball]], [[volleyball]], [[golf]], [[team handball|handball]], [[boxing]], [[taekwondo]], [[Olympic weightlifting|weightlifting]], [[bodybuilding]], [[track and field]], [[Skateboarding|skating]], [[bowling]], [[snooker]], and [[chess]], teams in Kabul, which participate in tournaments locally and go on tours to other Asian countries. One of the oldest and most popular stadiums in Kabul is the [[Ghazi Stadium]], where tournaments, concerts, and national celebrations take place. The [[Kabul National Cricket Stadium]] is under construction as of 2011. The Ghazi Stadium is also currently going through a reconstruction programme whereby a new design and a new system will be established for the stadium. Schools and universities encourage participation in team sports, and Afghans are being trained in Kabul for the next [[Olympic Games]].

==See also==
* [[Provinces of Afghanistan]]
* [[Kabul City]]
* [[Kabulistan]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Kabul Province}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070614010937/http://www.aisk.org/misc/woik2007issue42.pdf What's On In Kabul (pdf format)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070520024731/http://www.afghanistan-photos.com/crbst_5.html Historical Photos of Kabul]
* [http://www.kabulcaravan.com/kabul.php Kabul Caravan]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130709005724/http://kabulbusinessnetwork.org/ Kabul Business Network]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Kabul Province
|North     = [[Parwan Province]]
|Northeast = [[Kapisa Province]]
|East      = [[Laghman Province]]
|Southeast = [[Nangarhar Province]]
|South     = [[Logar Province]]
|Southwest = 
|West      = [[Wardak Province]]
|Northwest = 
}}

{{Provinces of Afghanistan}}
{{Districts of Kabul}}
{{Kabul Province}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Kabul Province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Provinces of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]]