View source for Kexholm County

{{Short description|County of Sweden (1634–1721)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{refimprove|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|conventional_long_name = Kexholm County
|native_name = ''Kexholms län''<br />''Käkisalmen lääni''
|common_name = Kexholm 
|subdivision = County
|nation      = the [[Swedish Empire]]
|year_start  = 1634
|event_start = [[Instrument of Government (1634)|Established]]
|event_end   = Treaty of Nystad
|year_end    = 1721
|date_end    = 30 August
|event1      = Great Northern War
|date_event1 = 1700–21
|event_pre   = Treaty of Nöteborg
|date_pre    = 12 August 1323
|flag_p1     = Flag of Sweden.svg
|s1          = County of Kymmenegård and Nyslott 
|flag_s1     = Flag of Sweden.svg
|s2          = Saint Petersburg Governorate
|flag_s2     = Flag of Russia.svg
|flag        = List of flags of Sweden
|image_coat  = Coat_of_Arms_of_Kexholm_province.svg
|image_map   = 
|image_map_caption = Provinces of the [[Swedish Empire]] around<br />the [[Gulf of Finland]] in the 17th century.
|capital     = Kexholm
|stat_area1  = 
|stat_year1  = 
|stat_pop1   = 
|political_subdiv = 
}}
[[Image:Sw BalticPr 17cen.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Provinces of the [[Swedish Empire]] around<br />the [[Gulf of Finland]] in the 17th century.]]
[[Image:The Castle of Käkisalmi.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A photograph of the [[Korela Fortress|Castle of Kexholm]] at [[Priozersk]].]]
[[Image:Kexholms läns vapen under den svenska tiden, Nordisk familjebok.png|thumb|right|300px|Coat of arms of the County of Kexholm.]]

'''Kexholm County''', or '''Käkisalmi Province''',{{efn|{{Langx|sv|Kexholms län}}, {{Langx|fi|Käkisalmen lääni}}. In Finnish contexts, ''lääni'' or ''län'' is usually translated as 'province', while in Swedish contexts, ''län'' is usually translated as 'county'.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Country Compendium: A companion to the English Style Guide |date=May 2025 |publisher=European Union |pages=45,145|url=https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/2d706ca2-0927-4a58-a0f4-ae76aae2d84c_en}}</ref>}} was a [[Counties of Sweden|county of the Swedish Empire]] from 1634 to 1721, when the southern part was ceded to the [[Russian Empire]] in the [[Treaty of Nystad]]. The capital of the county was Kexholm ({{Langx|fi|Käkisalmi}}), which today is [[Priozersk]].

==History==
The county was ceded to Sweden by [[Tsardom of Russia|Russia]] together with [[Duchy of Ingria|Ingria]] by the [[Treaty of Stolbovo]] in 1617. The county extended to the parishes of [[Lieksa]] in the north and of [[Suojärvi]] in the east. In the south and west, the county was bordered by [[Viborg and Nyslott County]].

Following the [[Great Northern War]], southern and eastern parts were ceded to Russia in 1721, and the territory that remained was reconstituted into the [[County of Kymmenegård and Nyslott]] ({{Langx|sv|Kymmenegårds och Nyslotts län}}, {{Langx|fi|Savonlinnan ja Kymenkartanon lääni}}), with the remainder of the [[Viborg and Nyslott County]]. In 1743 following a [[Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)|new conflict]] part of this county was also ceded to Russia in the [[Treaty of Åbo]]. The ceded parts of the [[County of Viborg and Nyslott]] and the County of Kexholm were at first part of the [[Saint Petersburg Governorate]], but in 1744 they were reconstituted with new conquests into the Russian [[Vyborg Governorate]], which also became known as ''[[Old Finland]]''. Remainder of the [[County of Kymmenegård and Nyslott]] was joined with some parts of the [[County of Nyland and Tavastehus]] in 1747 into the [[County of Savolax and Kymmenegård]].

After the Russian victory in the [[Finnish War]] of 1809, [[Kingdom of Sweden (1721–1809)|Sweden]] ceded all its territory in Finland to Russia by the [[Treaty of Fredrikshamn]]. As part of the [[Russian Empire]] Finland came to constitute a separate grand duchy. In 1812 Russia made the territories of the [[Vyborg Governorate]] part of the new [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] as [[Viipuri Province]].

==Maps==
{|cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="white"
|[[File:Finnish counties 1635.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Provinces of Finland 1634: 1: Turku and Pori, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 18: Ostrobothnia, 20: Viborg and Nyslott, '''21: Kexholm''']]
|[[File:Finnish counties 1721.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Provinces of Finland 1721: 1: Turku and Pori, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 18: Ostrobothnia, '''19: Kymmenegård and Nyslott''']]
|[[File:Finnish counties 1747.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Provinces of Finland 1747: 1: Turku and Pori, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, '''17: Savolax and Kymmenegård''', 18: Ostrobothnia]]
|[[File:Finnish counties 1776.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Provinces of Finland 1776: 1: Turku and Pori, 4: Vaasa, 10: Oulu, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 15: Kymmenegård, '''16: Savolax and Karelia''']]
|[[File:Finnish counties 1812.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Provinces of Finland 1812:1: Turku and Pori, 4: Vaasa, 10: Oulu, '''13: Viipuri''', 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 15: Kymmenegård, '''16: Savolax and Karelia''']]
|}

==Governors==

* [[Henrik Månsson]] 1634–1636
* [[Magnus Nieroth]] 1636–1641
* [[Henrik Piper]] 1641–1642 (acting)
* [[Reinhold Mettstake]] 1642–1652
* [[Jakob Törnsköld]] 1652–1656
* [[Karl von Scheiding]] 1657–1660
* [[Patrick Ogilwie]] 1660–1674
* [[Berendt Mellin]] 1674–1690

==See also==
*[[Vyborg Governorate]]
*[[Karelia]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Coord missing|Sweden}}

{{Provinces of Finland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kexholm, County of}}
[[Category:Former counties of Sweden]]
[[Category:Former provinces of Finland]]
[[Category:1634 establishments in Sweden]]
[[Category:1720s disestablishments in Sweden]]
[[Category:1721 disestablishments in Europe]]