View source for Kfar Malal

{{Short description|Moshav in central Israel}}
{{Infobox Israel village
| name = Kfar Malal
| hebname = {{Script/Hebrew|כְּפַר מַלָּ"ל}}
| image = Kfar Malal Ein Hay street.jpg
| imgsize = 250px
| meaning = [[Moshe Leib Lilienblum]] village
| founded = 1911
| founded_by = 
| district = center
| council = [[Drom HaSharon Regional Council|Drom HaSharon]]
| affiliation = [[Moshavim Movement]]
| popyear = {{Israel populations|Year}}
| population = {{Israel populations|Kefar Malal}}{{Israel populations|reference}}
| population_footnotes = 
| pushpin_map = Israel center ta#Israel |pushpin_mapsize = 250 |pushpin_label_position = top
|coordinates = {{coord|32|10|4|N|34|53|42|E|display=inline,title}}
| website = 
}} 
'''Kfar Malal''' ({{langx|he|כְּפַר מַלָּ"ל}}) is a [[moshav]] in central Israel. Located in the [[Sharon plain]], it falls under the jurisdiction of [[Drom HaSharon Regional Council]]. In {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Kefar Malal}}.{{Israel populations|reference}}

==History==
[[File:'well in Kfar Malal.jpg|thumb|Historic well of Kfar Malal]]
Before the 20th century the area formed part of the Forest of Sharon. It was an open [[woodland]] dominated by [[Quercus ithaburensis|Mount Tabor Oak]], which extended from [[Kfar Yona]] in the north to [[Ra'anana]] in the south. The local Arab inhabitants traditionally used the area for pasture, firewood and intermittent cultivation. The intensification of settlement and agriculture in the [[Israeli coastal plain|coastal plain]] during the 19th century led to deforestation and subsequent [[environmental degradation]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |date=2022-12-01 |title=The Oak Forest of the Sharon (al-Ghaba) in the Ottoman Period: New Insights from Historical- Geographical Studies |url=https://www.academia.edu/93207554 |journal=Muse |volume=5 |pages=90–107}}</ref>

The village was established in 1911 as "Ein Hai" (lit. ''Fountain of the Living'') on privately owned land.<ref name="JVL">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Bard |first=Mitchell G. |author-link=Mitchell Bard |encyclopedia=Jewish Virtual Library |title=Kefar Malal |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/kefar-malal |access-date=May 3, 2019 |year=2016 |publisher=[[American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise]]}}</ref> The original name was based on the name of ruins previously located there, ''Khurbet el-Haiyeh''.<ref>[[:File:Survey of Western Palestine 1880.13.jpg]]</ref> In 1914 the village was renamed into Kfar Malal after [[Moshe Leib Lilienblum]], an early leader of the [[Hovevei Zion]] movement, whose acronym in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] is MLL (מל"ל).<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Bard |first=Mitchell G. |author-link=Mitchell Bard |encyclopedia=Jewish Virtual Library |title=Hovevei Zion  |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/hovevei-zion |access-date=May 3, 2019 |year=2016 |publisher=[[American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise]]}}</ref>

The village was destroyed in the [[Sinai and Palestine campaign|battles of World War I]], resettled by a group of laborers and ravaged again in the 1921 [[Jaffa riots]]. More information in [[The remnants of the historic Moshava in Kfar Malal]]. In 1922, the land was transferred to the [[Jewish National Fund]] and Kfar Malal was rebuilt as a moshav. It suffered more attacks in the [[1929 Palestine riots]].<ref name=JVL/> [[Ariel Sharon]], Israel's eleventh [[Prime Minister of Israel|prime minister]], was born in Kfar Malal. His parents moved there in 1922. The first year and a half they lived in a tent while his father built a two-room house. Initially their mule and cow were kept in one of the rooms. There was no electricity or running water. In his autobiography he recalls watching rats crawling around the roof space.<ref>[[Ariel Sharon|Sharon, Ariel]] with [[David Chanoff]] (1989) ''Warrior: the autobiography of Ariel Sharon.'' [[Simon & Schuster]]. {{ISBN|0-7432-2566-X}} p.14</ref>
He also recalled that his mother slept with a rifle under her bed until her dying day due to the trauma of hiding in the cowshed with her children at night to escape roving [[Bedouin]] gangs.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lis |first=Jonathan |title=Ariel Sharon, Former Israeli Prime Minister, Dies at 85 |date=January 11, 2014 |url=https://www.haaretz.com/ariel-sharon-former-pm-dies-at-85-1.5333852 |newspaper=[[Haaretz]] |access-date=May 3, 2019}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:כפר מלל - מראה.-JNF045146.jpeg|Kfar Malal 1943
File:Biyar 'Adas 1942.jpg|Kfar Malal 1942 1:20,000
File:Qalqilya 1945.jpg|Kfar Malal 1945 1:250,000
</gallery>

==Economy==
In 2006, Malal Park Industries Ltd, co-owned by members of Kfar Malal, signed an agreement with the German bank [[Eurohypo]] AG to refinance Park Azorim in Kiryat Aryeh, [[Petah Tikva]].<ref>[http://www.british-israel.co.il/en/media-cover/4 Germany's EuroHypo bank to refinance Park Azorim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829045349/http://www.british-israel.co.il/en/media-cover/4 |date=2011-08-29 }} British Israel</ref>

In 2009, NI Medical, a biotech company located in Kfar Malal, received approval by the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for a device that assesses [[Heart failure#Systolic dysfunction|left ventricular systolic dysfunction]] (LVSD). The device aids physicians in detecting heart failure in its pre-clinical, asymptomatic phase.<ref>[http://www.healthimaging.com/topics/diagnostic-imaging/asymptomatic-hf-detection-device-receives-fda-thumbs Asymptomatic HF detection device receives FDA thumbs up] Health Imaging</ref>

== Notable people ==
* [[Ariel Sharon]] (1928–2014), Israeli general and politician who served as the 11th Prime Minister of Israel.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Drom HaSharon Regional Council}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1929 Palestine riots]]
[[Category:Moshavim]]
[[Category:Populated places in Central District (Israel)]]
[[Category:1911 establishments in the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1911]]