View source for Kilburn tube station

{{short description|London Underground station}}
{{distinguish|Kilburn Park tube station|Kilburn High Road railway station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
{{Infobox London station
| name             = Kilburn
| symbol           = underground
| manager          = [[London Underground]]
| locale           = [[Brondesbury Park]]
| borough          = [[London Borough of Brent]]
| platforms        = 2
| fare_zone        = 2
| access           = yes
| access_note      = <ref>{{citation step free tube map}}</ref>
| image_name       = Kilburn tube station entrance1.jpg
| caption          = Station entrance
| coordinates      = {{coord|51|32|50|N|0|12|17|W|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title|format=dec}}
| original         = [[Metropolitan Railway]]
| years1           = 24 November 1879
| years2           = 20 November 1939
| years3           = 7 December 1940
| years4           = 25 September 1950
| years5           = 1 May 1979
| events1          = Opened as ''Kilburn & Brondesbury''
| events2          = Bakerloo line service introduced
| events3          = Metropolitan line service ceased
| events4          = Renamed ''Kilburn''
| events5          = Bakerloo line service replaced by Jubilee line
<!--
| tubeexits05      = 6.65
| tubeexits06      = 8.018
| tubeexits07      = {{increase}} 8.502 
| tubeexits08      = {{increase}} 8.560
| tubeexits09      = {{decrease}} 7.85-->
| interchange   = [[Brondesbury railway station|Brondesbury]] {{rail-interchange|london|overground}}
| interchange_note = <ref name=osi>{{Citation London station interchange June 2020}}</ref>
}}

'''Kilburn''' is a [[London Underground]] station in [[Kilburn, London|Kilburn]], north-west [[London]]. It is on the [[Jubilee line]] between [[Willesden Green tube station|Willesden Green]] and [[West Hampstead tube station|West Hampstead]] stations, and is located in [[London fare zone 2]]. The station is on the A5 Kilburn High Road or Shoot-up Hill, approximately {{convert|0.1|mile|km}} north of [[Brondesbury station]]. [[Metropolitan line]] trains typically bypass the station without stopping.

The station was first opened on the Metropolitan line in 1879 as part of an extension to Willesden Green. The two-track line through the station was quadrupled in the 1910s. After merging to form the [[London Passenger Transport Board]] in 1933, Metropolitan line services through the station were transferred to the [[Stanmore tube station|Stanmore]] branch of the [[Bakerloo line]], and the station was extensively rebuilt. This branch was then transferred again to the Jubilee line in 1979. The 1930s station building remains, and was refurbished in 2005. The station is now wheelchair accessible and has frequent train services to Central London.

==Location==
Kilburn serves the area of the name itself, which is a moderate commercial district and dense residential suburb. The place was said to be named after Cylla, then a Saxon, or from the 1121 Saxon term "Cuneburna" for "the cattle stream".{{sfn|Wallinger|Self|Warner|Wolmar|2014|p=222}} The earliest settlements near the station date back to 1847.<ref name=brentcouncilresearch>{{cite web |url=https://www.brent.gov.uk/media/387292/Kilburn.pdf |title=Kilburn |work=Places in Brent |publisher=Brent Council |access-date=8 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208142016/https://www.brent.gov.uk/media/387292/Kilburn.pdf |archive-date=8 December 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> The station is on the A5 Kilburn High Road or Shoot-up Hill. The road connects several stations including [[Brondesbury railway station|Brondesbury]] and [[Kilburn High Road railway station|Kilburn High Road]]. Nearby landmarks include the Red Lion, [[Kiln Theatre]], [[Kilburn Grange Park]], [[The Institute of Contemporary Music Performance|ICMP London]] and [[List of schools in the London Borough of Camden|Kingsgate Primary School]].<ref name=maps>{{cite map |url=https://www.google.com.my/maps/@51.5463544,-0.2046926,1169m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en |title=Kilburn tube station |website=Google Maps |access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref>

==History==
The [[Metropolitan Railway]] (MR) first opened a separate line called the Metropolitan and St. John's Wood Railway (M&SJWR) from [[Baker Street tube station|Baker Street]] to [[Swiss Cottage tube station (1868–1940)|Swiss Cottage]]. Due to low passenger numbers, the MR was considering options to extend the M&SJWR further to provide new routes into Central London.{{sfn|Horne|2003|pp=6–9}}{{sfn|Jackson|1986|p=75}}{{#tag:ref|The original intention was to extend to Hampstead, but only the route up to Swiss Cottage was completed. The railway was instead extended in a north-western direction.{{sfn|Demuth|Leboff|1999|p=9}}{{sfn|Jackson|1986|pp=374}}|group=note}} Permission was granted to extend the line up to [[Harrow-on-the-Hill station|Harrow]] via Kilburn in 1874.{{sfn|Jackson|1986|p=77}}

The station opened as ''Kilburn and Brondesbury'' on 24 November 1879<ref name=brentcouncilresearch /> which formed part of the extension to [[Willesden Green tube station|Willesden Green]].{{sfn|Jackson|1986|p=79}} As there was an increase in traffic, the tracks from Finchley Road to Harrow (now [[Harrow-on-the-Hill station|Harrow-on-the-Hill]]) were to be quadrupled. Four-track operation started between Finchley Road and Kilburn in 1913, extending to Wembley Park in 1915.{{sfn|Bruce|1983|p=55}} This created a bottleneck between Finchley Road and Baker Street.{{sfn|Green|1987|p=44}}

On 1 July 1933, the MR amalgamated with other Underground railways, tramway companies and bus operators to form the [[London Passenger Transport Board]], and the MR became the [[Metropolitan line]] of [[London Transport (brand)|London Transport]].{{sfn|Horne|2003|pp=54–55}} Due to a bottleneck between Finchley Road and Baker Street, the Bakerloo line was to extend to Finchley Road and Stanmore to relieve congestion on the Metropolitan line. The extension would also take over the intermediate stations, including Kiburn. Construction began in 1936 and Kilburn became part of the Stanmore branch of the [[Bakerloo line]] on 20 November 1939,{{sfn|Horne|2003|pp=59–61}} at which time the station was extensively rebuilt.{{sfn|Wallinger|Self|Warner|Wolmar|2014|p=222}} Metropolitan line services through the station ceased on 7 December 1940, where services were fully transferred to the Bakerloo line.{{sfn|Rose|1999}} The station was renamed to its current name on 25 September 1950.{{sfn|Wallinger|Self|Warner|Wolmar|2014|p=222}}

During [[World War II]] and throughout the 1950s and early 1960s consideration was given to various routes connecting north-west and south-east London via Central London. The Victoria line was given priority and it was not until after construction of that line started that detailed planning began for the new line. It was planned to run in an east–west direction along [[Fleet Street]], and was to be named the Fleet line.{{sfn|Horne|2000|pp=28–34}} Lack of funding meant that only the first stage of the proposed line, from [[Baker Street tube station|Baker Street]] to Charing Cross was approved in July 1969; funding was agreed in August 1971.{{sfn|Horne|2000|pp=34–35}}{{#tag:ref|Funding for Stage 1 of the line was to come from the [[Greater London Council]] and central government in the ratio 1:3.{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=35}}|group=note}} Construction began in 1972.{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=38}} In 1977, the name of the line was changed to the Jubilee line, to mark the [[Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Queen's Silver Jubilee]] that year.{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=44}}{{#tag:ref|The decision to change the name of the line was made by the Greater London Council, although the line was not expected to open until 1978. Subsequent delays in the installation of escalators and fitting-out of stations pushed the opening date into 1979.{{sfn|Horne|2000|pp=44–45}}|group=note}} Trial running of trains began in August 1978 and the Jubilee line opened on 1 May the next year.{{sfn|Rose|2016}}{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=45}} The line had been officially opened by [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince Charles]] the previous day, starting with a train journey from Green Park to Charing Cross.{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=45}} This replaced the Stanmore branch of the Bakerloo line, with the initial section operating between Stanmore and Charing Cross.{{sfn|Wallinger|Self|Warner|Wolmar|2014|p=222}}{{sfn|Rose|1999}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/bakerloo.html |title=Bakerloo line |work=Clive's Underground Line Guides |last=Feather |first=Clive |access-date=10 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402092749/http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/bakerloo.html |archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|Work on the Fleet line's stages 2 and 3 did not proceed and it was not until 1992 that an alternative route to Stratford was approved.{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=36}}{{sfn|Horne|2000|pp=50–52}}{{sfn|Horne|2000|p=57}}|group=note}}

==Design==
[[File:Metropolitan bridge Kilburn High Road.jpg|thumb|right|The viaduct at Kilburn, spelling out the words "Metropolitan Railway".]]
One of the bridges just beyond the station which carries the four-track line over the A5 Kilburn High Road (then known as Watling Street) has the company name "METROPOLITAN RAILWAY" fixed on the sides of the viaduct. The numbers on the viaduct read "1914", around the time when the Metropolitan Railway quadrupled its tracks from Finchley Road to Harrow-on-the-Hill.<ref name=maps />{{sfn|Bruce|1983|p=55}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://150greatthingsabouttheunderground.com/2012/03/25/7-the-viaduct-at-kilburn/ |title=7. The Viaduct at Kilburn |work=150 Great Things about the Underground |date=25 March 2012 |last=Jones |first=Ian |access-date=9 December 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209070135/https://150greatthingsabouttheunderground.com/2012/03/25/7-the-viaduct-at-kilburn/ |archive-date=9 December 2018}}</ref>

In 2005, major refurbishing works took place, which involved the station being fully repainted, receiving a new [[CCTV]] system, better lighting, upgraded PA systems, new toilets, and new train indicator boards at the ticket hall and platform level. A lift was also installed at the station to provide step-free access from street to platform level. Heritage features were also retained throughout the refurbishment.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2005/february/kilburn-tube-station-refurbished-and-accessible |title=Kilburn Tube station refurbished and accessible |date=10 February 2005 |access-date=9 December 2018 |url-status=live |publisher=[[Transport for London]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209083533/https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2005/february/kilburn-tube-station-refurbished-and-accessible |archive-date=9 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/jubilee-line-cld-archive.pdf |title=Jubilee line CLD Archive |publisher=[[Transport for London]] |date=January 2016 |access-date=9 December 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209085335/http://content.tfl.gov.uk/jubilee-line-cld-archive.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2018}}</ref>

==Services and connections==
===Services===
[[File:Kilburn tube station in 2022.jpg|thumb|The station at night with a Jubilee line train in the northbound platform.]]
Kilburn station is on the Jubilee line in London fare zone 2.<ref>{{cite map/Standard Tube Map}}</ref> It is between [[Willesden Green tube station|Willesden Green]] to the north and [[West Hampstead tube station|West Hampstead]] to the south. The typical off-peak service in trains per hour (tph) is:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/jubilee.html |date=18 September 2018 |title=Jubilee line |access-date=8 December 2018 |url-status=live |work=Clive's Underground Line Guides |last=Feather |first=Clive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208130255/https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/jubilee.html |archive-date=8 December 2018}}</ref>
*24 tph eastbound (southbound) to Stratford
*16 tph westbound (northbound) to Stanmore
*4 tph westbound (northbound) to Willesden Green
*4 tph westbound (northbound) to Wembley Park

The Metropolitan line passes through the station without stopping. Night tube services began operation on the night of 7 October 2016, two months after the Central and Victoria line services began.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-37108375 |title=Night Tube begins in London, bringing 'huge boost' to capital |work=BBC News|url-status=live |access-date=29 November 2018 |date=20 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129141120/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-37108375 |archive-date=29 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/aug/19/sadiq-khan-launch-london-night-tube-service |title=Sadiq Khan to launch London's night tube service |date=19 August 2016 |url-status=live |access-date=29 November 2018 |work=The Guardian|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129141339/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/aug/19/sadiq-khan-launch-london-night-tube-service |archive-date=29 November 2018}}</ref> 6 tph operate in both directions throughout the entire line.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-37577920 |title=Night Tube: Jubilee Line service to begin and Northern Line gets start date |date=7 October 2016 |access-date=8 December 2018 |url-status=live |work=BBC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208132604/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-37577920 |archive-date=8 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite map/Standard Night Tube Map}}</ref>

{{Adjacent stations|system=London Underground
  |line1=Jubilee|left1=Willesden Green|right1=West Hampstead
|header2=Former services
  |line2=Bakerloo|left2=Willesden Green|right2=West Hampstead|type2=Stanmore
  |line3=Metropolitan|left3=Willesden Green|right3=West Hampstead|type3=Stanmore
}}

===Connections===
[[London Buses]] routes [[London Buses route 16|16]], [[London Buses route 32|32]], [[London Buses route 189|189]], [[London Buses route 316|316]], [[London Buses route 332|332]], school route [[London Buses route 632|632]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/632/ |title=632 bus route |website=[[Transport for London]] |access-date=8 December 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208133317/https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/632/ |archive-date=8 December 2018}}</ref> and night route [[London Buses route N16|N16]] serve the station.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bus.data.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/brondesbury-a4-1216.pdf |title=Buses from Brondesbury |publisher=[[Transport for London]] |url-status=dead |access-date=8 December 2018 |date=18 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208132940/http://bus.data.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/brondesbury-a4-1216.pdf |archive-date=8 December 2018 }}</ref>

Kilburn is close to [[Brondesbury railway station|Brondesbury station]] on the [[London Overground]]’s [[Mildmay line]], with a walking distance of {{convert|0.1|mile|km}}.<ref name=maps/> This route is also considered as an official out-of-station interchange by [[Transport for London]].<ref name=osi />

== Notes and references ==
{{commons category|Kilburn tube station}}

===Notes===
{{reflist|group=note}}

===References===
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
*{{cite book |last=Bruce|first=J Graeme|year=1983|title=Steam to Silver. A history of London Transport Surface Rolling Stock|publisher=Capital Transport|isbn=978-0-904711-45-5}}
*{{Cite book|title=No Need To Ask|last=Demuth|first=Tim|last2=Leboff|first2=David|publisher=Capital Transport|year=1999|isbn=185414-215-1|location=Harrow Weald}}
*{{cite book |last=Green|first=Oliver|year=1987|title=The London Underground: An illustrated history|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing|Ian Allan]]|isbn=978-0-7110-1720-7}}
* {{cite book | first=Mike |last=Horne |title=The Jubilee Line |year=2000 |publisher=Capital Transport |isbn=978-1-85414-220-7 }}
*{{cite book|last=Horne|first=Mike|title=The Metropolitan Line|year=2003|publisher=Capital Transport|isbn=978-1-85414-275-7|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/metropolitanline00mike}}
*{{cite book |title=London's Metropolitan Railway|last=Jackson|first=Alan|year=1986|publisher=David & Charles|isbn=978-0-7153-8839-6}}
*{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=1999 |orig-year=1980 |publisher=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |location=London |isbn=978-1-85414-219-1 |edition=7th }}
* {{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=2016 |orig-year=1980 |edition=9th |publisher=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |isbn=978-1-85414-404-1 }}
*{{cite book |title=Labyrinth: A Journey Through London's Underground by Mark Wallinger |last=Wallinger |first=Mark |last2=Self |first2=Will |last3=Warner |first3=Marina |last4=Wolmar |first4=Christian |last5=Bal |first5=Thierry |last6=Coysh |first6=Louise |last7=Dillon |first7=Tamsin |date=6 October 2014 |publisher=Art / Books |isbn=978-1-90897-016-9 }}

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[[Category:Jubilee line stations]]
[[Category:London Underground Night Tube stations]]
[[Category:Tube stations in the London Borough of Brent]]
[[Category:Former Metropolitan Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1879]]
[[Category:Kilburn, London|Tube station]]