View source for Kim Beazley

{{Short description|Australian politician (born 1948)}}
{{For|his father|Kim Beazley Sr.}}
{{Use Australian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix      = [[The Honourable]]
| name                  = Kim Beazley
| honorific-suffix      = {{postnominals|country=AUS|size=100|AC}}
| image                 = Kim Beazley crop.jpg
| caption               = Official portrait, 2010

| office1               = [[Governor of Western Australia]]
| term_start1           = 1 May 2018
| term_end1             = 30 June 2022
| monarch1              = [[Elizabeth II]]
| premier1              = [[Mark McGowan]]
| predecessor1          = [[Kerry Sanderson]]
| successor1            = [[Chris Dawson (governor)|Chris Dawson]]

| office2               = [[Leader of the Opposition (Australia)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| term_start2           = 28 January 2005
| term_end2             = 4 December 2006
| primeminister2        = [[John Howard]]
| deputy2               = [[Jenny Macklin]]
| predecessor2          = [[Mark Latham]]
| successor2            = [[Kevin Rudd]]

| term_start3           = 19 March 1996
| term_end3             = 22 November 2001
| primeminister3        = John Howard
| deputy3               = {{ubl|[[Gareth Evans (politician)|Gareth Evans]]|[[Simon Crean]]}}
| predecessor3          = John Howard
| successor3            = Simon Crean

| office4               = [[Deputy Prime Minister of Australia]]
| term_start4           = 20 June 1995
| term_end4             = 11 March 1996
| primeminister4        = [[Paul Keating]]
| predecessor4          = [[Brian Howe (politician)|Brian Howe]]
| successor4            = [[Tim Fischer]]

| office5               = [[Leader of the House (Australia)|Leader of the House]]
| primeminister5        = [[Bob Hawke]]<br />[[Paul Keating]]
| term_start5           = 15 February 1988
| term_end5             = 11 March 1996
| predecessor5          = [[Mick Young]]
| successor5            = [[Peter Reith]]

{{cisb|Party leadership|titlestyle=background-color:#eee}}

| office6               = [[Leader of the Australian Labor Party|Leader of the Labor Party]]
| term_start6           = 28 January 2005
| term_end6             = 4 December 2006
| deputy6               = Jenny Macklin
| predecessor6          = Mark Latham
| successor6            = Kevin Rudd

| term_start7           = 19 March 1996
| term_end7             = 22 November 2001
| deputy7               = {{ubl|[[Gareth Evans (politician)|Gareth Evans]]|[[Simon Crean]]}}
| predecessor7          = [[Paul Keating]]
| successor7            = Simon Crean

| office8               = [[Australian Labor Party#ALP Federal Deputy Parliamentary Leaders|Deputy Leader of the Labor Party]]
| term_start8           = 20 June 1995
| term_end8             = 19 March 1996 
| leader8               = Paul Keating
| predecessor8          = [[Brian Howe (politician)|Brian Howe]]
| successor8            = Gareth Evans

{{cise}} 

{{cisb|Cabinet positions|titlestyle=background-color:#eee}}

| office9               = [[Minister for Finance (Australia)|Minister for Finance]]
| primeminister9        = [[Paul Keating]]
| term_start9           = 23 December 1993
| term_end9             = 11 March 1996
| predecessor9          = [[Ralph Willis]]
| successor9            = [[John Fahey (politician)|John Fahey]]

| office10              = [[Minister for Employment (Australia)|Minister for Employment and Education]]
| primeminister10       = Paul Keating
| term_start10          = 27 December 1991
| term_end10            = 23 December 1993
| predecessor10         = [[John Dawkins]]
| successor10           = Simon Crean

| office11              = [[Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development (Australia)|Minister for Transport and Communications]]
| primeminister11       = [[Bob Hawke]]
| term_start11          = 4 April 1990
| term_end11            = 27 December 1991
| predecessor11         = Ralph Willis
| successor11           = [[Graham Richardson]]

| office12              = [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence]]
| primeminister12       = Bob Hawke
| term_start12          = 13 December 1984
| term_end12            = 4 April 1990
| predecessor12         = [[Gordon Scholes]]
| successor12           = [[Robert Ray (Australian politician)|Robert Ray]]

| office13              = [[Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development (Australia)|Minister for Aviation]]
| primeminister13       = Bob Hawke
| term_start13          = 11 March 1983
| term_end13            = 13 December 1984
| predecessor13         = [[Wal Fife]]
| successor13           = [[Peter Morris (politician)|Peter Morris]]

{{cise}}

| office14              = [[List of ambassadors of Australia to the United States|Ambassador of Australia to<br />the United States]]
| term_start14          = 17 February 2010
| term_end14            = 22 January 2016
| primeminister14       = {{ubl|[[Kevin Rudd]]|[[Julia Gillard]]|[[Tony Abbott]]|[[Malcolm Turnbull]]}}
| predecessor14         = [[Dennis Richardson (diplomat)|Dennis Richardson]]
| successor14           = [[Joe Hockey]]

| parliament15         = Australian
| constituency_MP15     = [[Division of Brand|Brand]]
| term_start15          = 2 March 1996
| term_end15            = 17 October 2007
| predecessor15         = [[Wendy Fatin]]
| successor15           = [[Gary Gray (politician)|Gary Gray]]

| parliament16         = Australian
| constituency_MP16     = [[Division of Swan|Swan]]
| term_start16          = 18 October 1980
| term_end16            = 2 March 1996
| predecessor16         = [[John Martyr]]
| successor16           = [[Don Randall (politician)|Don Randall]]

| birth_name            = Kim Christian Beazley
| birth_date            = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1948|12|14}}
| birth_place           = [[Subiaco, Western Australia]], Australia
| death_date            = 
| death_place           = 
| spouse                = {{ubl|{{marriage|Mary Ciccarelli|1974|1988|reason=div.}}|{{marriage|Susie Annus<br />|1990}}}}
| children              = 3, including [[Hannah Beazley|Hannah]]
| parents               = {{ubl|[[Kim Beazley Sr.]]|[[Betty Judge]]}}
| party                 = [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]]
| education             = [[Hollywood Senior High School]]
| alma_mater            = {{ubl|[[University of Western Australia]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Master of Arts|MA]])|{{nowrap|[[Balliol College, Oxford]] ([[Master of Philosophy|MPhil]])}}}}
| profession            = Academic, politician, diplomat
}}
'''Kim Christian Beazley''' (born 14 December 1948) is an Australian former politician and diplomat. Since 2022 he has served as chairman of the [[Australian War Memorial]]. Previously, he was leader of the [[Australian Labor Party]] (ALP) and [[Leader of the Opposition (Australia)|leader of the opposition]] from 1996 to 2001 and 2005 to 2006, having previously been a [[Cabinet of Australia|cabinet minister]] in the [[Hawke government|Hawke]] and [[Keating government]]s. After leaving parliament, he served as [[Australian Ambassador to the United States|ambassador to the United States]] from 2010 to 2016 and 33rd [[governor of Western Australia]] from 2018 to 2022.

Beazley was born in [[Perth]], the son of politician [[Kim Beazley Sr.]] He studied at the [[University of Western Australia]] and [[Balliol College, Oxford]], as a [[Rhodes Scholar]]. After a period as a lecturer at [[Murdoch University]], Beazley was elected to [[Australian Parliament|Parliament]] at the [[1980 Australian federal election|1980 election]], winning the [[Division of Swan]]. Prime Minister [[Bob Hawke]] appointed Beazley to the cabinet following Labor's victory at the [[1983 Australian federal election|1983 election]], and Beazley served as a minister continuously through to the party's defeat at the [[1996 Australian federal election|1996 election]]. His roles included [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence]] from 1984 to 1990, [[Leader of the House (Australia)|Leader of the House]] from 1988 to 1996, [[Minister for Finance (Australia)|Minister for Finance]] from 1993 to 1996 and the ninth [[Deputy Prime Minister of Australia|deputy prime minister]] from 1995 to 1996.

After Labor's 1996 defeat, Beazley was [[1996 Australian Labor Party leadership election|elected unopposed]] as Labor Leader, replacing [[Paul Keating]]. Despite winning the popular vote at the [[1998 Australian federal election|1998 election]], Beazley could not win enough seats to form government, and after a second defeat in [[2001 Australian federal election|2001]], he resigned the leadership. He attempted twice to return to the leadership, doing so in 2005 after Labor lost the [[2004 Australian federal election|2004 election]], but was [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, 2006|successfully challenged]] by [[Kevin Rudd]] in December 2006 following poor opinion polling. Beazley retired from Parliament at the [[2007 Australian federal election|2007 election]], which Labor won, and in 2010 was appointed Ambassador to the United States. He held this role until 2016, before being nominated as Governor of Western Australia by the [[Premier of Western Australia|premier]], [[Mark McGowan]], in 2018.

==Early life and education==
Beazley was born at [[King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women|King Edward Memorial Hospital]] in [[Subiaco, Western Australia]], on 14 December 1948.<ref>{{cite news |title=Births |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/47632116 |access-date=14 June 2019 |work=[[The West Australian]] |location=Perth, WA|date=16 December 1948}}</ref> His father, [[Kim Beazley Sr.|Kim Beazley]], was the Labor MP for [[Division of Fremantle|Fremantle]] from 1945 to 1977 and served as [[Minister for Education (Australia)|Minister for Education]] in the [[Whitlam government]] from 1972 to 1975. His mother, [[Betty Judge]], was an Australian athletics champion and record-holder. Beazley's uncle, the Reverend Syd Beazley, who was one of seven Methodist missionaries serving local people in [[Rabaul]], was one of 208 civilians and 805 soldiers taken as prisoners by the invading forces of Japan, who later died in the sinking of the {{SS|Montevideo Maru}} in July 1942.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Coade |first=Melissa |date=2023-04-24 |title=SS Montevideo Maru shipwreck discovery a 'monumental moment' for war history |url=https://www.themandarin.com.au/218310-ss-montevideo-maru-shipwreck-discovery-a-monumental-moment/ |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=The Mandarin |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Walters |first=Patrick |date=23 April 2023 |title=Closure for Montevideo Maru victims' families – and lesson for Australia's defence |work=The Australian |url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/closure-for-montevideo-maru-victims-families-and-lesson-for-australias-defence/news-story/57e3c94a633a0ac11898d3adea0ccb68}}</ref>

Beazley contracted polio at the age of six.<ref>[http://www.polioaustralia.org.au/?page_id=1770 Polio Australia]</ref> He was educated at [[Hollywood Senior High School]] and the [[University of Western Australia]], from which he holds a [[Bachelor of Arts]] and a [[Master of Arts]]. Beazley subsequently won a [[Rhodes Scholarship]] at [[Balliol College, Oxford]] and graduated with a Master of Philosophy.<ref name="westbusinessinsider">{{cite news |author=Harvey, Ben |title=King of the Hill |work=[[The West Australian]]: West Business Insider |date=February 2014 |pages=6–8 |url= |access-date= }}</ref> While at Oxford, he befriended [[Tony Blair]], who would later become [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], and [[Geoff Gallop]], who would later become [[Premier of Western Australia]]. On his return to Australia, Beazley tutored and lectured in politics at [[Murdoch University]] in [[Perth]]. A Labor Party member since his youth, he joined the right-wing [[Labor Unity]] faction, alongside fellow future Cabinet ministers [[Graham Richardson]] and [[John Ducker]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Beazley: a biography |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |last=FitzSimons |first=Peter |author-link=Peter FitzSimons |date=1998 |isbn=0-7322-5876-6 |location=Pymble, NSW |pages=159–160 |oclc=39444847}}</ref> Beazley won selection for the seat of [[Division of Swan]] in 1979, and was elected to the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] at the [[1980 Australian federal election|1980 election]].<ref name="Beazley aph">{{cite Au Parliament |mpid=PE4 |name=The Hon Kim Beazley MP |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>

==Political career==

===Cabinet minister, 1983–1996===
[[File:Kim Beazley and other Australian VIPs tour one of the USS Missouri's 16 inch gun turrets in 1986 (cropped).jpg|thumb|200x200px|On [[USS Missouri (BB-63)|USS MISSOURI]], Rear Admiral [[David Martin (governor)|D.J. Martin]] and Kim Beazley receive a briefing from the 16 inch gun operator in Turret 1.]]
Beazley was considered a protege of newly elected prime minister [[Bob Hawke]], who like Beazley was a Western Australian former Rhodes Scholar. Hawke appointed Beazley to the Cabinet immediately after his election in 1983, making him [[Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development (Australia)|Minister for Aviation]]. Following a reshuffle after the [[1984 Australian federal election|1984 election]], Beazley was promoted to become [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence]], a role he would hold until 1990, making him one of the longest-serving holders of that post.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/07/06/1025667073297.html |author=Brian Toohey |title=Security proves a complicated affair |publisher=smh.com.au |date=7 July 2002 |access-date=11 September 2010}}</ref> Beazley took a particularly active role as defence minister, appearing frequently in the press, and was responsible for establishing the [[Royal Australian Navy]]'s [[Collins-class submarine|submarine program]], although this would be beset by technical problems. Beazley's time as defence minister, combined with his lifelong interest in military matters and enthusiasm for military hardware earned him the nickname "Bomber Beazley" in the press.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

In 1988, Hawke appointed Beazley to the additional role of [[Leader of the House (Australia)|Leader of the House]], a position he would continue to hold until the end of the Labor government in 1996. After the [[1990 Australian federal election|1990 election]], Beazley requested to be moved to the role of [[Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development (Australia)|Minister for Transport and Communications]] in order to gain greater exposure to domestic political issues. He served in this role until 1991, and fervently supported Hawke during that year's [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, June 1991|leadership tensions]] between Hawke and [[Paul Keating]]. After Keating [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, December 1991|successfully challenged]] Hawke and became Prime Minister in December 1991, he moved [[Minister for Employment (Australia)|Employment and Education]], putting Beazley in charge of overseeing the creation of the government's welfare-to-work programs as part of the economic package 'One Nation'.<ref name="Beazley aph"/>

Beazley was considered to be a strong supporter of Keating following Labor's fifth consecutive victory at the [[1993 Australian federal election|1993 election]], and in a reshuffle that year, Keating appointed Beazley as [[Minister for Finance (Australia)|Minister for Finance]], where he helped to establish the Government's landmark reform of establishing [[Superannuation in Australia|compulsory superannuation schemes]]. After [[Brian Howe (politician)|Brian Howe]] chose to retire from politics in June 1995, Beazley was elected unopposed to succeed him as [[Australian Labor Party|Deputy Leader of the Labor Party]] and was duly appointed [[Deputy Prime Minister of Australia|deputy prime minister]], a role which he held until Labor's defeat at the [[1996 Australian federal election|1996 election]].{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

Beazley's hold on his seat of Swan grew increasingly tenuous over the years. He saw his majority more than halved in 1990, an election that came during a bad time for the incumbent Labor government in Western Australia. Three years later, he was nearly defeated despite a nationwide swing to Labor. Ahead of the 1996 election, Beazley successfully sought nomination for the safer Labor seat of [[Division of Brand|Brand]], just south of his previous seat.<ref name="Beazley aph"/> Despite this, the size of the 1996 coalition landslide meant Beazley only held Brand by 387 votes, although he would increase this to large margins in successive elections until he retired from Parliament.

===First term as Leader of the Opposition, 1996–2001===
{{further|1996 Australian Labor Party leadership election}}
After Labor's heavy defeat by the [[Coalition (Australia)|Coalition]] under [[John Howard]] in 1996, Beazley was [[1996 Australian Labor Party leadership election|elected unopposed]] as [[Australian Labor Party#ALP federal parliamentary leaders|Leader of the Labor Party]], becoming [[Leader of the Opposition (Australia)|Leader of the Opposition]].{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

Beazley made a strong start in the role, quickly gaining a lead in opinion polls, particularly after Howard broke his previous commitment not to introduce a [[Goods and Services Tax (Australia)|Goods and Services Tax]] (GST). Beazley was Labor's lead representative at the [[Australian Constitutional Convention 1998|Constitutional Convention]] in February 1998 which was called to discuss the issue of [[Republicanism in Australia|Australia becoming a republic]]. Beazley advocated "minimalist" change and described transition to a republic as "unfinished business" for Australia. He said that foreigners "find it strange and anachronistic, as many Australians now clearly do, that our [[Monarchy of Australia|head of state]] is not an Australian".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/republic98/hansard/hans2.html |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/19991210000000/http://www.theage.com.au/republic98/hansard/hans2.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 December 1999 |title=The Age and Sydney Morning Herald – Australia's Constitutional Convention 1998 |publisher=webarchive.nla.gov.au |access-date=2 March 2017}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Subsequently, at the [[1998 Australian federal election|1998 election]], Labor polled a majority of the [[Electoral system of Australia|two-party vote]] and received the largest swing to a first-term opposition since [[1934 Australian federal election|1934]]. However, while Labor regained much of what it had lost in its severe defeat of two years earlier, the uneven concentration of their vote left Labor eight seats short of making Beazley Prime Minister. Much of the Labor swing came in seats it already held, not in the seats it needed to take back government.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-04/how-many-seats-did-john-howard-lose-at-the-1998-gst-election/9388732 |accessdate=21 February 2022 |title=How Many Seats Did John Howard Lose at the 1998 GST Election?  |website=ABC News |author-first=Antony |author-last=Green |author-link=Antony Green |date=4 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323030910/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-04/how-many-seats-did-john-howard-lose-at-the-1998-gst-election/9388732 |archive-date=23 March 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Despite defeat, by securing a majority of the vote just two years after a landslide defeat, Beazley was re-elected unopposed as Labor Leader. The party spent much of the following three years well ahead in the opinion polls, and seemed set to win the next election, but in August 2001, following the [[Tampa affair]] when the Howard government refused to allow several hundred asylum seekers to disembark on [[Christmas Island]], Beazley was judged to have failed in response.<ref>See, for example, Pat Secker MP, ''House of Representatives Debates'', 24 September 2001, p. 31282</ref> Beazley's momentum was further stalled by the [[September 11 attacks]], which saw an increase in support for Howard, who pledged to support the [[United States]], and Labor subsequently lost the [[2001 Australian federal election|2001 election]].{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

===Backbencher and Shadow Cabinet Minister, 2001–2005===
[[File:Ac.kimbeazleynew (cropped).jpg|thumb|306x306px|Beazley, then serving as Shadow Minister for Defence, outside [[Parliament House, Canberra]], July 2004]]
Although Labor's loss in 2001 was narrow, having lost two elections in a row, Beazley felt obliged to resign as Labor Leader; he was succeeded by [[Simon Crean]], and sat on the backbench for the first time since 1983. Despite initial improvements in Labor's opinion polling, by mid-2003 Crean was performing very badly against Howard as preferred Prime Minister, and Labor MPs began to fear that the Coalition would easily win the next election. Beazley was persuaded to [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, 2003|challenge Crean]] for the leadership in June, although Crean was comfortably re-elected.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

Despite this, Crean continued to perform poorly in opinion polling, and on 28 November 2003, Crean announced that he would be resigning as Labor Leader. Beazley immediately announced that he would be [[Australian Labor Party leadership spills, 2003|contesting the leadership]], but was narrowly defeated by Shadow Treasurer [[Mark Latham]] by 47 votes to 45. After the result, Beazley announced he would remain in Parliament, but was unlikely to return to the frontbench again. In July 2004, however, Latham arranged for Beazley to return to the Labor frontbench as Shadow Defence Minister. This followed controversy over Latham's policy of withdrawing [[Australian contribution to the 2003 invasion of Iraq|Australian troops from Iraq]] by the end of 2004. Beazley's return to the front bench was generally seen as a move by Latham to reassure Australian public opinion that a Labor government would not put the [[ANZUS|United States–Australian alliance]] at risk. Later that month, Beazley was forced to battle claims he had a "special relationship" with [[Ratih Hardjono]] when he was Defence Minister; it was alleged this relationship posed a security risk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/06/30/1088487994346.html?from=storylhs |title=Spy claims Beazley a 'security risk' – National |publisher=www.theage.com.au |date=30 June 2004 |access-date=11 September 2010}}</ref><ref>Sim, Susan (19 February 2000). All the President's whisperers, Straits Times (Singapore).</ref>

===Second term as Leader of the Opposition, 2005–2006===
{{further|2005 Australian Labor Party leadership spill}}
[[File:Beazley press conference 2005, journalists Andrew Greene and Matt Price in background (cropped).JPG|thumb|200x200px|Beazley in November 2005 declaring Labor would "oppose the Howard government's [[WorkChoices|industrial relations legislation]] in every respect, at every stage until the [[2007 Australian federal election|next election]]".]]
[[File:Kim Christian Beazley.jpg|thumb|Kim Beazley before a crowd protesting proposed [[WorkChoices]] legislation, at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]] 30 <abbr>November 2006</abbr>|300x300px]]Labor was comfortably defeated at the [[2004 Australian federal election|2004 election]], at which Beazley also became the longest-serving Labor MP. After Mark Latham resigned the leadership, Beazley was elected unopposed to replace him in January 2005. Rejecting doubts from some that Labor could win the [[2007 Australian federal election|2007 election]] with a leader who had already lost two elections, Beazley said: "There's no doubt in my mind that I can lead a winning team in the next election." [[Kevin Rudd]] and [[Julia Gillard]] had considered standing in the election, but withdrew at the last moment.<ref>{{cite web
  | title = Gillard gives Beazley clear run at leadership
  | publisher = [[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]
  | date = 26 January 2005
| url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200501/s1289217.htm
  | access-date = 4 December 2006 }}</ref>

In the first half of 2006, Beazley focused much of the Labor Party's efforts on the [[Australian Wheat Board]] (AWB) scandal and the government's [[WorkChoices]] legislation; the former allegedly involved bribes and kickbacks with the then-Iraqi dictator [[Saddam Hussein]] that breached UN sanctions. The situation reached a climax in the aftermath of treasurer [[Peter Costello]]'s [[2006 Australian federal budget|2006 budget]], whereby for the first time in Australian political history, the opposition leader ceased questioning the budget papers in favour of further questioning on the AWB scandal. This led to heavy media criticism for the Labor Party, although some acknowledged the need for the government to be held accountable for the AWB scandal.<ref>{{cite web
  | first=Catherine
  | last=McGrath
  | title = Budget reply a tough test for Beazley
  | publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|PM]]
  | date = 11 May 2006
| url = http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2006/s1636514.htm
  | access-date = 4 December 2006 }}</ref>

These perceived tactical deficiencies plagued Beazley's return to the leadership and were amplified by factional infighting in the broader Labor Party, raising many questions concerning Beazley's ability to lead. At the time, opinion polls by [[ACNielsen]] and [[Newspoll]] for preferred prime minister had him at record lows. This was confirmed in a forum on the [[Special Broadcasting Service]] (SBS) ''[[Insight (Australian TV program)|Insight]]'' television program on 2 May 2006. Beazley said that, whilst winning an election would be difficult, he was adamant that the 2007 election would be a "referendum on the Howard government's unfair industrial relations laws".<ref>{{cite web
 |work=Insight 
 |title=Labor Pains 
 |publisher=[[Special Broadcasting Service]] 
 |date=2 May 2006 |url=http://news.sbs.com.au/insight/topic.php?id=93 
 |access-date=4 December 2006 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907004600/http://news.sbs.com.au/insight/topic.php?id=93 
 |archive-date= 7 September 2007 }}</ref>

Beazley's leadership was fatally undermined following several public gaffes, including at a press conference on 17 November 2006 when Beazley confused the name of grieving TV host [[Rove McManus]] with [[George W. Bush]] adviser [[Karl Rove]].<ref name="News_Sympathy">{{cite news|title=Kim's sympathy for wrong Rove |url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,20773664-2,00.html |publisher=[[News Limited]] |location=Australia |date=17 November 2006 |access-date=20 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619174113/http://www.news.com.au/story/0%2C23599%2C20773664-2%2C00.html |archive-date=19 June 2009 }}</ref> Following this, Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard reached an agreement to challenge Beazley as a joint-ticket, with Rudd as Leader and Gillard as Deputy Leader, and on 30 November 2006, Rudd declared his intention to challenge for the leadership. At [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, 2006|the ballot]] held on 4 December, Rudd defeated Beazley by 49 votes to 39.<ref>{{cite web
  | first = Phillip
  | last = Hudson
  | title = Beazley's black Monday
  | publisher = [[Sydney Morning Herald]]
  | date = 4 December 2006
| url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/12/04/1165080849091.html
  | access-date = 4 December 2006 }}</ref>

Following the ballot, Beazley said of his political future, "For me to do anything further in the Australian Labor Party I would say is [[Lazarus of Bethany|Lazarus]] with a quadruple bypass. So the time has come for me to move on but when that gets properly formalised I will let you know."<ref>This refers to [[John Howard]]'s response to a journalist's question after his loss of the leadership of the [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal Party]] to [[Andrew Peacock]] on 9 May 1989.  The journalist asked, "Do you see yourself as having another chance at the leadership at some future time?" and Howard replied: "Oh, that'd be Lazarus with a triple bypass". From {{cite web
 |title       = Howard's Way
 |work        = [[Sunday (Australian TV program)|Sunday]]
 |publisher   = [[Ninemsn]]
 |date        = 4 December 2006
|url         = http://sunday.ninemsn.com.au/sunday/cover_stories/transcript_331.asp
 |access-date  = 4 December 2006
|url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20060830155422/http://sunday.ninemsn.com.au/sunday/cover_stories/transcript_331.asp
 |archive-date = 30 August 2006
|df          = dmy-all
}}</ref> It was subsequently revealed that Beazley's brother David had died of a heart attack that same day at age 53 shortly before the vote took place; Prime Minister [[John Howard]] led tributes to Beazley, saying that he was a "thoroughly decent man" and expressed his "genuine sorrow" both for his political demise and for his family tragedy.<ref>{{cite web
  | title = Tearful Beazley bows out
  | publisher = [[The Age]]
  | date = 4 December 2006
| url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/rudd-ousts-beazley/2006/12/04/1165080846679.html
  | access-date = 4 December 2006 }}</ref>

Several figures later speculated that the removal of Beazley as leader in 2006 may have been a mistake in retrospect given the [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, 2010|subsequent leadership chaos]] that engulfed the Labor government from 2010 to 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/opinion/axing-beazley-was-first-mistake/news-story/f3d0f6434646c3a2b2b69c2ea17c4859|title=Axing Beazley was first mistake|date=24 February 2013|website=www.dailytelegraph.com.au|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> After her own [[Australian Labor Party leadership spill, June 2013|fall as Prime Minister]], Julia Gillard expressed regret in working with Rudd to roll Beazley as leader.<ref>{{cite web|author=Federal Politics |url=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/gillard-accuses-rudd-of-sabotage-offers-regret-on-beazley-20140923-10kw9p.html |title=Gillard accuses Rudd of sabotage, offers regret on Beazley |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=23 September 2014 |access-date=2 March 2017}}</ref> Mr Beazley has been referred to as "the best prime minister we never had".<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-13 |title=The biggest calamity from Labor's election loss is likely yet to come |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6383377/the-biggest-calamity-from-labors-election-loss-is-likely-yet-to-come/ |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=The Canberra Times |language=en-AU}}</ref>

==Post-political career==
[[File:Australian Ambassador to the USA the Hon Kim Beazley ANZAC Day message 2014 originally published DFAT under cc.jpg|thumb|Beazley giving an ANZAC Day message in 2014 from Washington|200x200px]]
[[File:Garcetti Meets with Australian Ambassador (18863526952).jpg|thumb|Beazley, flanked by Consul General [[Karen Lanyon]], Mayor [[Eric Garcetti]] and US Ambassador to Australia, [[Jeff Bleich]], in California, May 2015|200x200px]]
Beazley announced on 13 December 2006 that he would retire from Parliament at the [[2007 Australian federal election|2007 election]], which Labor won in a landslide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Beazley to retire at next election |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |date=13 December 2006 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200612/s1810990.htm |access-date=13 December 2006 }}</ref> In 2009, Beazley was appointed Companion of the [[Order of Australia]] (AC) for his service to the Australian Parliament.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/beazleys-political-passion-undiminished-20090126-7pkn.html |title=Beazley's political passion undiminished |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=26 January 2009 |access-date=30 May 2010}}</ref>

Beazley was appointed a professorial fellow at the [[University of Western Australia]], teaching politics, public policy and international relations.<ref name="news.uwa.edu.au">{{cite press release |publisher=[[University of Western Australia]] |date=2007 |url=http://www.news.uwa.edu.au/node/160 |title=Former Deputy Prime Minister joins UWA |access-date=4 April 2008 }}</ref> He also served as [[List of Australian National University people#Chancellors|Chancellor of the]] [[Australian National University]] for the duration of 2009, having succeeded [[Allan Hawke]].<ref>{{cite news |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |date=25 July 2008 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/07/25/2314756.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625144648/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/07/25/2314756.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 June 2009 |title=Beazley appointed ANU chancellor |access-date=23 February 2010 }}</ref> He was also appointed as a member of the Council of Advisors of the [[United States Studies Centre]] at the [[University of Sydney]].{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

===Ambassador to the United States, 2010–2016===
In September 2009, Prime Minister [[Kevin Rudd]] announced that he would appoint Beazley as [[List of Ambassadors of Australia to the United States|Australian ambassador to the United States]].<ref name="westbusinessinsider"/><ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Mr Beazley goes to Washington |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/09/17/2688593.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922172038/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/09/17/2688593.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 September 2009|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=17 September 2009 |access-date=}}</ref> His appointment began on 17 February 2010.<ref name=Millar>{{cite news |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |date=18 February 2010 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/02/18/2823498.htm?section=justin |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221062018/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/02/18/2823498.htm?section=justin |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 February 2010 |title=Wheelchair-bound Beazley becomes US ambassador |access-date=23 February 2010 }}</ref> In his role as Ambassador, he promoted global free trade through the [[Trans-Pacific Partnership]] and has opposed protectionism.<ref name="westbusinessinsider"/> He was succeeded by former treasurer [[Joe Hockey]] in January 2016.<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Joe Hockey appointed to US ambassador post|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-08/joe-hockey-apppointed-us-ambassador/7009210|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=8 December 2015 |access-date= }}</ref>

In February 2016, shortly after returning to Australia, Beazley was made president of the [[Australian Institute of International Affairs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/about-us/our-people/the-hon-kim-beazley-ac-faiia/ |title=The Hon Kim Beazley AC FAIIA |publisher=Australian Institute of International Affairs |access-date=2 March 2017 }}</ref> Beazley was also named a distinguished fellow of the [[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Australian Strategic Policy Institute: Kim Beazley | url = https://www.aspi.org.au/bio/kim-beazley | year = 2018 | access-date = 11 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = ASPI The Strategist: articles by Kim Beazley | url = https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/author/kim-beazley/ | publisher = [[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]] | access-date=11 December 2018}}</ref>

===Governor of Western Australia, 2018–2022===
In September 2017, it was reported that Beazley was the favoured choice of the [[premier of Western Australia]], [[Mark McGowan]], to replace [[Kerry Sanderson]] as [[governor of Western Australia]] when Sanderson's term expired in 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/former-federal-labor-leader-kim-beazley-tipped-to-be-was-next-governor/news-story/02aaa3778f82bb1540279b1825e4a5ad |title=Former Federal Labor leader Kim Beazley tipped to be WA's next governor |work=[[Perth Now]] |date=September 2017 }}</ref> On 3 April 2018, McGowan confirmed that on his advice, [[Queen Elizabeth II|Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia]] had approved Beazley to replace Sanderson. Beazley was sworn in as governor on 1 May 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-04-03/kim-beazley-named-new-governor-of-wa/9613166 |title=Kim Beazley named next governor of WA|date=3 April 2018 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |location=Australia |access-date=3 April 2018 |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite news |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/western-australia/the-best-pm-we-never-had-kim-beazley-sworn-in-as-wa-s-33rd-governor-20180501-p4zcrq.html |title='The best PM we never had': Kim Beazley sworn in as WA's 33rd governor |date=1 May 2018 |agency=[[Australian Associated Press]] |work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |access-date=2 August 2018}}</ref> In an interview with [[John Anderson (Australian politician)|John Anderson]] in 2018, Beazley explained why he continued in public life: {{blockquote|I've always had a concern with Australian survival, when you look at the various commitments I've had in political life, an awful lot of it revolves around our national defence. And the sense that I have is that survival is a close-run thing for Australia. Survival on many fronts. The quality of our community is part of that. Our education system is part of that. Our family life is part of that. But also the physical defence of our approaches is part of that. You think about your kids. You think about your grandkids. You think about everybody else's kids. You think about your friends. And you think, what we've got here is a society worth preserving and worth improving. And if you find yourself lucky enough to engage with it ... then you must continue.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-26|title=Conversations: Featuring His Excellency The Hon Kim Beazley AC, Governor of Western Australia|url=https://johnanderson.net.au/conversations-featuring-his-excellency-the-hon-kim-beazley-ac-governor-of-western-australia/|access-date=2020-10-04|website=John Anderson}}</ref>}}{{Infobox viceroy styles
| image = [[File:Badge of the Governor of Western Australia.svg|50px]]
| name = Kim Beazley<br />(2018–2022)
| dipstyle = His Excellency the Honourable
| offstyle = Your Excellency
| altstyle = 
}}

===Chairman of the Australian War Memorial Council===
Beazley was appointed chairman of the [[Australian War Memorial]] Council on 2 December 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.awm.gov.au/media/press-releases/kim-beazley-elected-chair-of-australian-war-memorial-council|title=Kim Beazley elected Chair of Australian War Memorial Council|publisher=Australian War Memorial|date=2 December 2022|access-date=9 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thewest.com.au/politics/federal-politics/anthony-albanese-appoints-kim-beazley-to-australian-war-memorial-council-c-8593355|title=Anthony Albanese appoints Kim Beazley to Australian War Memorial council|publisher=The West|date=19 October 2022|access-date=9 February 2023}}</ref> In this role he has continued to speak on matters of Australia's defence. He has strongly supported progress on the [[AUKUS]] security partnership, arguing that nuclear-powered submarines will be "worth the wait" and advocating for faster approvals for the export of nuclear materials.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grattan |first=Michelle |date=2023-10-18 |title=Politics with Michelle Grattan: Kim Beazley on Albanese's US trip, Biden in the Middle East, and the Voice's defeat |url=http://theconversation.com/politics-with-michelle-grattan-kim-beazley-on-albaneses-us-trip-biden-in-the-middle-east-and-the-voices-defeat-215896 |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> Beazley has expressed concern that successive Australian governments had “dropped the ball” on defence spending since the end of the Cold War.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Knott |first=Matthew |date=2023-06-22 |title=Military expert warns of 'very serious risk' of China war within five years |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/military-expert-warns-of-very-serious-risk-of-china-war-within-five-years-20230622-p5dim9.html |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en}}</ref> He has argued that a further $5 to $8 billion in military expenditure was needed annually to ensure Australia could adequately defend itself.<ref name=":1" />

==Honours==
* 2007: Professorial Fellow of the [[University of Western Australia]]<ref name="news.uwa.edu.au"/>
* 2009: [[Companion of the Order of Australia]] (AC) "For service to the Parliament of Australia."<ref>{{Citation|title=The Honourable Kim Christian BEAZLEY: Companion of the Order of Australia|publisher=AustralianGovernment|url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1139644|date=26 January 2009|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref>
* 2018: Honorary Commodore in the [[Royal Australian Navy]].
* 2018: Colonel of the [[Royal Western Australia Regiment]].
* 2018: [[Order of Saint John (chartered 1888)|Deputy Prior of the Order of St John]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Understanding the Most Venerable Order of St John|url=https://www.stjohnsa.com.au/cms_resources/Understanding%20the%20Most%20Venerable%20Order%20of%20St%20John.pdf|website=Governor of New South Wales|access-date=24 August 2018|date=12 December 2014}}</ref>
* 2019: [[Order of Saint John (chartered 1888)|Knight of Grace of the Order of St John]]<ref>{{Citation|title=Invested as a Knight Commander of the WA Commandery of the Order of St John|publisher=Western Australian Government|url=https://www.govhouse.wa.gov.au/the-governor/governors-program-photos/daily-program-and-photos/tuesday-12th-february-2019-2/|access-date=11 April 2019|archive-date=11 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411033255/https://www.govhouse.wa.gov.au/the-governor/governors-program-photos/daily-program-and-photos/tuesday-12th-february-2019-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Beazley has three daughters. His marriage to Mary Ciccarelli, from 1974 to 1988, brought them Jessica and Hannah.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2018-09-21 |title=Kim Beazley is in the house |url=https://thewest.com.au/politics/at-her-majestys-service-ng-b88872242z |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=The West Australian |language=en}}</ref> He married Susie Annus in 1990 and they raised their daughter Rachel.<ref name=":3" /> Daughter [[Hannah Beazley]] followed her father into politics in 2019. She unsuccessfully contested Beazley's former [[Division of Swan|seat of Swan]] at the [[2019 Australian federal election|2019 federal election]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=19 May 2019 |title=Federal election 2019 Swan result |url=https://www.communitynews.com.au/southern-gazette/news/steve-irons-back-as-swan-pm-as-hannah-beazley-offically-concedes-she-cant-win |access-date=23 June 2019 |website=Community News Group |language=en}}</ref> Subsequently, she won the seat of [[Electoral district of Victoria Park|Victoria Park]] in the [[Western Australian Legislative Assembly]] in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 March 2021|title=Liberal Party almost entirely wiped out in WA election landslide that was over before it began|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-03-13/wa-election-live-2021-wa-votes-follow-for-results/13245980|access-date=14 March 2021|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
{{Incomplete list|date=November 2020}}

===Books and monographs===
* {{cite book |author1=Beazley, Kim C. |author2=Ian Clark |name-list-style=amp |title=The politics of intrusion: the super powers and the Indian Ocean |location=Sydney |publisher=Alternative Publishing Cooperative |date=1979}}
* {{cite book |author=Beazley, Kim |title=Australia and Asia: our strategic neighbourhood |location=Sydney |publisher=Research Institute for Asia and the Pacific, University of Sydney |date=1989}}
* {{cite book |author=Beazley, Kim |author-mask=1 |title='New images': an Australian perspective |location=London |publisher=Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian Studies, Institute of Commonwealth Studies |date=1997}}

===Essays, reporting and other contributions===
* {{cite book |author=Beazley, Kim E. |others=Annotations by Kim C. Beazley and John Bond |title=Father of the house: the memoirs of Kim E. Beazley |location=North Fremantle, W.A. |publisher=Fremantle Press |date=2009}}
* {{cite book |editor=Dean, Peter J. |others=Foreword by Kim Beazley |title=Australia 1942: in the shadow of war |location=Melbourne |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2013 |isbn=9781107032279}}
* {{cite journal |author=Beazley, Kim |date=Mar 2018 |title=Without America |department=Correspondence |journal=Quarterly Essay |volume=69 |pages=125–129}}

===Biographies===
* {{cite book |title=Beazley: a biography |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |last=FitzSimons |first=Peter |author-link=Peter FitzSimons |date=1998 |isbn=0-7322-5876-6 |location=Pymble, NSW |oclc=39444847}}

==See also==
*[[Political families of Australia]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline|Kim Beazley}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130917123334/http://www.usa.embassy.gov.au/whwh/AmbBio.html Biography as Ambassador]
*{{C-SPAN|33762}}

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