View source for Kinross

{{other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox UK place
| country                          = Scotland
| official_name                    = Kinross
| gaelic_name                      = Ceann Rois
| static_image_name                = Kinross High Street. - geograph.org.uk - 92123.jpg
| static_image_caption             = High Street, Kinross
| area_total_km2                   = 2.00
| area_footnotes                   = <ref name="one">{{cite web |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/uk-scotland.php?cityid=S19000984 |title=Kinross (Perth and Kinross, Scotland, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information |website=www.citypopulation.de |access-date=30 March 2019}}</ref>
| population                       = {{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Kinross}}
| population_ref                   = ({{Scottish settlement population citation|year}})<ref>{{Scottish settlement population citation}}</ref>
| edinburgh_distance               = {{convert|20|mi|km|abbr=on}}
| london_distance_mi               = 351
| os_grid_reference                = NO1102
| coordinates                      = {{coord|56.205|-3.423|display=inline,title}}
| unitary_scotland                 = [[Perth and Kinross]]
| lieutenancy_scotland             = [[Perth and Kinross]]
| constituency_westminster         = [[Perth and Kinross-shire (UK Parliament constituency)|Perth and Kinross-shire]]
| constituency_scottish_parliament = [[Perthshire South and Kinross-shire (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Perthshire South and Kinross-shire]]
| post_town                        = KINROSS
| postcode_district                = KY13
| postcode_area                    = KY
| dial_code                        = 01577
}}

'''Kinross''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ɪ|n|ˈ|r|ɒ|s}}, {{langx|gd|Ceann Rois}}) is a [[burgh]] in [[Perth and Kinross]], [[Scotland]], around {{convert|13|mi|km|0|abbr=off}} south of [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]] and around {{convert|20|mi|km|0|abbr=off}} northwest of [[Edinburgh]]. It is the traditional [[county town]] of the [[Counties of Scotland|historic county]] of [[Kinross-shire]].

==History==
[[File:High Street, Kinross (geograph 6830848) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[Kinross Town Hall]]]]
Kinross's origins are connected with the nearby Loch Leven and its islands whose history goes back to the 5th century AD.  Kinross developed as a staging post on the Great North Road from [[North Queensferry]] to [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]]. In time, local industry developed and by the early 18th century the town had grown to a population of around 600 people. By the mid-19th century, a thriving wool weaving industry had emerged.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/kinross/kinross/index.html|title = Kinross Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland}}</ref> [[Kinross Town Hall]] was completed in 1841.<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB36299|desc= 110 High Street, Former Town Hall |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref>

==Location and transport==
The site of the original Pre-Reformation parish [[church (building)|church]] and churchyard is down a small [[wynd]] overlooking [[Loch Leven (Kinross)|Loch Leven]], a little away from the town. The church was dedicated to [[St. Serf]] and was under control of [[Dunfermline Abbey]]. Noteworthy ministers included John Colden from 1593 to 1640 and his son George Colden who served until 1665. The notorious [[Henry Christie]] was minister of Kinross 1679–89.<ref name="Fasti Ecclesiastae Scotina">''Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae''</ref>

Rev Robert McGill served from 1698 until 1726, and recorded supernatural events in the [[manse]] in 1718. Rev Robert Stark was initially unpopular but served from 1732 to 1783.<ref name="Fasti Ecclesiastae Scotina"/>

[[Image:Kinrossmap1945.png|thumb|left|A map of Kinross from 1945]]
Kinross was originally linked by railway to [[Perthshire]], [[Fife]] and [[Clackmannanshire]] until the rail links gradually disappeared. At one time three independent railway companies had their termini at the town. The [[Fife and Kinross Railway]] came from the east, the [[Kinross-shire Railway]] came from the south and the [[Devon Valley Railway]] came from the west. [[Kinross Junction railway station]] stood on the main line between Perth and Edinburgh, but this was closed in 1970 to make way for construction of the [[M90 motorway]].<ref name="railtechnology">{{Cite web|title=Proposals for direct Perth to Edinburgh train link to be considered by Transport Scotland|url=https://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/proposals-for-direct-perth-to-edinburgh-train-link-to-be-considered-by-transport-scotland|access-date=2020-10-23|website=www.railtechnologymagazine.com}}</ref> Since then, many people working within a commuting radius of Kinross have settled in the town owing to its central location and local amenities. Locals and [[Member of the Scottish Parliament|Members of the Scottish Parliament]] (MSPs) have also asked the [[Scottish Government]] to publish a Feasibility Study into re-establishing the Perth–Edinburgh Direct Rail Link.<ref name="railtechnology" /> {{asof|2021}}, no such document has been published.

Kinross is served by local and long-distance bus services including Megabus services M90, M91 and M92 which call at the Sainsbury's Park & Ride site off Junction 6 of the M90 motorway.

==Tourism==
The burgh is located on the shores of [[Loch Leven (Kinross)|Loch Leven]]. There are boat trips around the [[loch]] and to [[Lochleven Castle]], where [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] was held prisoner in 1567.

Up to 2014 the annual [[T in the Park]] music festival, which was officially replaced by [[TRNSMT festival]] in Glasgow Green, was held nearby, at the former [[RAF Balado Bridge]] airfield. This was also the location of a now decommissioned [[NATO]] [[ICBM]] [[early warning radar]], and until the late 1950s was a training base for the [[Royal Air Force]].

==Climate==
Kinross has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfb'').

{{Weather box
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location = Kinross ({{convert|120|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=or|0}} asl, averages 1991–2020, extremes 1967-2023)
| Jan record high C = 14.7
| Feb record high C = 15.2
| Mar record high C = 21.3
| Apr record high C = 22.7
| May record high C = 26.9
| Jun record high C = 30.1
| Jul record high C = 31.7
| Aug record high C = 29.1
| Sep record high C = 26.7
| Oct record high C = 23.5
| Nov record high C = 17.1
| Dec record high C = 14.9
| year record high C = 31.7
| Jan high C = 6.1
| Feb high C = 6.9
| Mar high C = 8.9
| Apr high C = 11.7
| May high C = 14.9
| Jun high C = 17.5
| Jul high C = 19.3
| Aug high C = 18.9
| Sep high C = 16.4
| Oct high C = 12.4
| Nov high C = 8.7
| Dec high C = 6.2
| year high C = 12.4
| Jan mean C = 3.1
| Feb mean C = 3.5
| Mar mean C = 5.0
| Apr mean C = 7.2
| May mean C = 10.0
| Jun mean C = 12.8
| Jul mean C = 14.6
| Aug mean C = 14.2
| Sep mean C = 11.9
| Oct mean C = 8.5
| Nov mean C = 5.3
| Dec mean C = 3.1
| year mean C = 8.3
| Jan low C = 0.0
| Feb low C = 0.1
| Mar low C = 1.1
| Apr low C = 2.7
| May low C = 5.2
| Jun low C = 8.2
| Jul low C = 9.9
| Aug low C = 9.5
| Sep low C = 7.4
| Oct low C = 4.6
| Nov low C = 1.9
| Dec low C = -0.1
| year low C = 4.2
| Jan record low C = -18.4
| Feb record low C = -19.3
| Mar record low C = -14.5
| Apr record low C = -7.1
| May record low C = -3.2
| Jun record low C = -0.6
| Jul record low C = 2.5
| Aug record low C = 2.1
| Sep record low C = -1.4
| Oct record low C = -5.7
| Nov record low C = -11.7
| Dec record low C = -18.0
| year record low C = -19.3 
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 122.9
| Feb precipitation mm = 95.7
| Mar precipitation mm = 81.4
| Apr precipitation mm = 60.7
| May precipitation mm = 61.4
| Jun precipitation mm = 73.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 83.1
| Aug precipitation mm = 92.3
| Sep precipitation mm = 80.1
| Oct precipitation mm = 110.4
| Nov precipitation mm = 109.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 111.3
| year precipitation mm = 1082.0
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 16.8
| Feb precipitation days = 14.0
| Mar precipitation days = 13.8
| Apr precipitation days = 10.9
| May precipitation days = 11.3
| Jun precipitation days = 12.5
| Jul precipitation days = 13.0
| Aug precipitation days = 13.5
| Sep precipitation days = 12.6
| Oct precipitation days = 15.8
| Nov precipitation days = 15.9
| Dec precipitation days = 15.7
| year precipitation days = 165.7
| Jan sun = 31.9
| Feb sun = 66.9
| Mar sun = 110.1
| Apr sun = 156.4
| May sun = 188.9
| Jun sun = 151.2
| Jul sun = 161.9
| Aug sun = 157.8
| Sep sun = 121.8
| Oct sun = 80.7
| Nov sun = 46.0
| Dec sun = 22.0
| year sun = 1295.4
| source 1 = [[Met Office]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcvxf0h8c |title=Kinross (Perth and Kinross) climate information |publisher=Met Office |access-date=7 November 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231107114558/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcvxf0h8c |archive-date=7 November 2023}}</ref>
| source 2 = Starlings Roost Weather<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roostweather.com/ukobs/temp_station_extreme_map.php |title=Monthly Temperature Extremes |publisher=Roost Weather |access-date=11 August 2025}}</ref>
}}

==Sport and recreation==
The Loch Leven Trails offer 21&nbsp;km (13 miles) of walking and cycling heritage trails around the shoreline of Loch Leven. It runs from [[RSPB]] Vane Farm Nature Reserve via Findatie to Kinross Pier/Kirkgate Park.

There is a [[leisure centre]] located in Kinross, called Loch Leven Leisure.

Kinross Trout Fishery, situated just on the edge of the village, is one of Scotland's premier trout fisheries, giving fly and bait anglers the opportunity to catch some of Scotland's largest trout.

Kinross Colts FC is a community football club{{clarify|date=May 2023}} and registered charity with over 400 boys, girls, men and women playing in 16 teams within the club. They have two grounds locally, The Myre at Smith Street in Kinross and Donaldson Park in [[Milnathort]].

Kinross is also home to [[Kinross RFC|Kinross Rugby Club]], who play their games at King George V ground alongside Kinross Hockey Club. Locally the ground is known as KGV.

==Notable people==
*[[Andrew Barlass]], American politician and farmer, was born in Kinross.<ref>'Wisconsin Blue Book 1876,' Biographical Sketch of Andrew Barlass, pg. 475</ref>
*[[Steven Caulker]] lived with his aunt and uncle in Kinross when playing for [[Dundee F.C.]]
*Rev [[Henry Christie]] minister 
* [[Eilidh Doyle]] Scotland's most decorated track and field athlete
*[[Adam Kelso Fulton]], Scottish rugby union internationalist 
*[[Peter Leitch (soldier)|Peter Leitch]], recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]]
*[[Andrew Montford]] writer
* [[George Thompson (VC)|George Thompson]] whose posthumous [[Victoria Cross]] in 1945 is often cited as the best merited of the entire air war. He was the wireless operator in a Lancaster of No. 9 Squadron on a dawn raid against the Dortmund-Ems Canal when the plane was struck by a salvo of two 88&nbsp;mm shells.
*[[William Whyte (banker)]] (1878–1945)

==Twinned cities==
Kinross is [[sister city|twinned]] with:
* [[Gacé]], France
* [[Traunstein]], Germany

==Education==
* [[Kinross High School]] (Now located in Loch Leven Community Campus as of 2010)
* Kinross Primary School

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Kinross}}
*[https://www.kinrosscommunitycouncil.com/ Kinross Community Council]
*[http://www.kinross-pri.pkc.sch.uk/ Kinross Primary School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504121841/http://www.kinross-pri.pkc.sch.uk/ |date=4 May 2009 }}
*[http://www.freewebs.com/kinrossunited/ Kinross A.F.C]

{{Perth & Kinross Towns & Villages}}
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[[Category:Kinross| ]]
[[Category:County towns in Scotland]]
[[Category:Parishes in Kinross-shire]]
[[Category:Towns in Perth and Kinross]]