View source for Knin

{{Distinguish|text=[[Nin, Croatia|Nin]]}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                = Knin
| official_name       = ''Grad Knin''<br /> City of Knin
| other_name          = 
| settlement_type     = [[List of cities and towns in Croatia|City]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/3
| total_width = 280
| align = center
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Knin 25.jpg
| caption1 = A view of Knin from [[Knin Fortress]]
| image2 = 
| caption2 =
}}
| image_flag   = Zastava_grada_Knina_(Hrvatska).png
| flag_size     = 
| image_seal          = Grb_grada_Knina_(Hrvatska).png

| seal_size           = 
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| mapsize             = 
| map_caption         = 
| pushpin_map         = Croatia
| pushpin_mapsize     = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Knin within Croatia
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| coordinates         = {{coord|44|02|29|N|16|11|55|E|region:HR|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type    = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name    = {{flag|Croatia}}
| subdivision_type1   = [[Regions of Croatia|Region]]
| subdivision_name1   = [[Dalmatia]] ([[Dalmatian Hinterland]])
| subdivision_type2   = [[Counties of Croatia|County]]
| subdivision_name2   = {{flag|Šibenik-Knin}}
| established_title   = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date    = 
| established_title2  = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date2   = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type     = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor-Council]]
| leader_party        = [[Independent politician|Ind.]]
| leader_title        = Mayor
| leader_name         = [[Marijo Ćaćić]]
| leader_title1       = City Council
| leader_name1        = {{Collapsible list
 |title   = 15 members
 |frame_style= border: none; padding: 0;
 |list_style=text-align:left;display:none;
 |1     = • [[Croatian Democratic Union|HDZ]] (6) 
 |2     = • List of a group of voters [[Marko Jelić]] (6) 
 |3     = • [[Independent Democratic Serb Party|SDSS]]–[[Social Democratic Party of Croatia|SDP]] (2)
 |4     = • [[The Bridge (Croatia)|Most]]–[[Homeland Movement (Croatia)|DP]]–[[Loza Independent List|Loza]] (1) 
}}
| unit_pref           = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes      = <ref>{{Cite Q|Q119585703|mode=cs1}}</ref>
| area_total_km2      = 355.0
| area_land_km2       = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
| area_urban_km2      = 6.5
| area_metro_km2      = 
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m         = 
| elevation_ft        = 702
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2021">{{Croatian Census 2021|S}}</ref>
| population_as_of    = 2021
| population_total    = 11633
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban    = 8262
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| timezone            = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| timezone_DST        = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset          = +1
| utc_offset_DST      = +2
| postal_code_type    = Postal code
| postal_code         = 22300
| area_code           = 022
| blank_name          = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info          = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
| website             = {{URL|www.knin.hr}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
[[File:Kip Marka Marulića Knin 28 6 2024.jpg|alt=Kip Marka Marulića - Knin|thumb|Statue of Marko Marulić - Knin]]

'''Knin''' ({{IPA|hr|knîːn|pron}}) is a city in the [[Šibenik-Knin County]] of [[Croatia]], located in the [[Dalmatia]]n hinterland near the source of the river [[Krka (Croatia)|Krka]], an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between [[Zagreb]] and [[Split, Croatia|Split]]. Knin rose to prominence twice in history, as the capital of both the [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|medieval Kingdom of Croatia]] and briefly of the self-proclaimed [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]] within the newly independent [[Croatia|Republic of Croatia]] for the duration of the [[Croatian War of Independence]] from 1991 to 1995.

==Etymology==
The name is likely derived from the [[Illyrian language|Illyrian]] ''Ninia''.<ref name="knin.hr">{{Cite web|url=http://www.knin.hr/povijest/|title = O Kninu}}</ref> According to an alternative explanation, offered by [[Franz Miklosich]] and [[Petar Skok]], the name - derived from a Slavic root ''*tьn-'' ("to cut", "to chop") - means "cleared forest".{{sfn|Šimunović|2013|p=167}} The medieval names of Knin include {{langx|hu|Tinin}}; {{langx|it|Tenin}}; {{langx|la|Tinum}}. The Latin name is still used as a [[titular see|titular episcopal see]], the [[Diocese of Tinum]].

==History==
{{Quote box |width=25em |align=right |title_bg=#B0C4DE
|title=Timeline of Knin <br /><small>Historical affiliations</small>
|fontsize=80% |quote={{Noflag|[[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom of Croatia]]}} (to 1102)<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Croatia (Early 16th century–1526) (Border).svg}} [[Croatia in personal union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia (union with Hungary)]], 1102–1522<br />
{{flagicon image|Zulfikar flag.svg}} [[Ottoman Empire]], 1522–1688<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Republic of Venice (1659-1675).svg}} [[Republic of Venice]], 1688–1797<br />
{{flagicon image|Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1430-1806).svg}} [[Holy Roman Empire]], 1797–1805<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of France.svg}} [[First French Empire]], 1805–1813<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg}} [[Austrian Empire]], 1813–1867<br />
{{Noflag|[[Austro-Hungarian Monarchy]]}}, 1867–1918<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Yugoslavia (1918–1941).svg}} [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]], 1918–1941<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Croatia (1941–1945).svg}} [[Independent State of Croatia]], 1941–1944<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg}} [[SFR Yugoslavia]], 1944–1991<br />
{{flagicon image|State Flag of Serbian Krajina (1991).svg}} [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]], 1991–1995<br />
{{flag|Croatia}}, 1995–present
}}

===Ancient===
[[File:Kninska tvrđava 01.jpg|thumb|View of the [[Knin Fortress]] from the city center]]
The area consisting of today's Knin, or more specifically, the Spas hill, has been inhabited since the [[Stone Age]].
In the vicinity of today's Knin was once a town called [[Burnum]], which served as a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] military camp in the 1st century BC.

===Middle Ages===
The original settlement grew atop the Spas hill in the earliest history and which later formed the castle of Knin. The first church, [[Cathedral of Saint Bartholomew in Kapitul|a monastery dedicated to Saint Bartholomew]], was built during the time of [[Trpimir I]] in the 9th century in Kapitul (south-east from Knin Castle, where the later bishopric was located).<ref>{{cite journal | url = https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/clanak/140671 | via = [[Hrčak]] | journal = Starohrvatska Prosvjeta | volume = III | number = 18 | year = 1988 | title = EARLY MEDIAEVAL SCULPTURE FROM KAPITUL NEAR KNIN | first = Tonči | last = Burić }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | url=https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/trpimir-i | title=Trpimir I. | encyclopedia = [[Croatian Encyclopedia]] }}</ref> It was later expanded or rebuilt by a certain Duke of Croatia, probably Svetoslav, during the reign of king [[Stephen Držislav of Croatia]] in the 10th century.<ref>Nikola Jakšić, [https://www.academia.edu/22968166/Knin-_hrvatska_srednjovjekovna_prijestolnica_Split_1995 Knin- hrvatska srednjovjekovna prijestolnica, Split 1995] pp. 7</ref>

Knin is first mentioned in the 10th-century work ''[[De Administrando Imperio]]'' as the centre of the Knin county ([[županija]]), and as one of the populated towns in [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Croatia]]. Around 1040, at the behest of the Croatian kings, a seat of the royal bishop was established in the nearby royal village of Biskupija (Kosovo), in the [[Crkvina, Biskupija|church of Saint Mary]]. The first "bishop of the Croats" is named ''Marko Giudice'', and he and his successors were attached to the royal court as preachers and king's "special bishops" until 1102.<ref>''[[Illyricum sacrum]]'', IV (Venice, 1775)</ref>{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=23}}

Knin became a more permanent royal residence of king [[Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia|Demetrius Zvonimir]] around 1080. Because of this, it has led to Knin being known as the "City of Croatian Kings" or "Zvonimir's City" (''Zvonimirov grad'') in recent times.<ref name="Info Adriatic">{{cite web|url=http://www.infoadriatic.com/hrvatska/knin/index.shtml|title=Knin apartmani, hoteli, privatni smjetaj > Hrvatska > Jadran > Dalmacija|access-date=26 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080805102252/http://www.infoadriatic.com/hrvatska/knin/index.shtml|archive-date=5 August 2008}}</ref> In the following decade, during the succession crisis, the city was the permanent residence of a local lord [[Petar Snačić]], who contested the crown of Croatia until his defeat by king [[Coloman of Hungary]] in 1096. At that point, it came into possession of the Hungarian [[Arpad dynasty]], and since then, it ceased to be a permanent royal residence but remained as a political and administrative center of the kingdom. The parish church dedicated to king Saint Stephen is thought to have been built during this period.<ref name="academia.edu">Nikola Jakšić, [https://www.academia.edu/22968166/Knin-_hrvatska_srednjovjekovna_prijestolnica_Split_1995 Knin- hrvatska srednjovjekovna prijestolnica, Split 1995] pp. 22</ref>

[[File:KninUlomKapitul.jpg|thumb|11th-12th century stone fragment from the [[Cathedral of Saint Bartholomew in Kapitul|Church of Saint Bartholomew in Kapitul]] next to Knin, representing a mixture of [[Glagolitic alphabet|Glagolitic]] and [[Cyrillic]] scripts]]
[[File:Tvrđava_Zvonimirovog_grada.JPG|thumb|right|[[Knin Fortress]] probably from the 6th or 10th century]] 
In 1178, it is for the first time mentioned as "civitates" (city) in a contemporary local source. Due to the extinction of the local ruling dynasty, the Croatian bishop moved his see to Knin itself, after which he started calling himself the Bishop of Knin.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=28}} This precipitated the construction of a new cathedral, which was initiated in 1203 by the son of the Duke of Knin, Dobroslav in Kapitul.

The city was visited by Queen [[Maria Laskarina]], the daughter of the [[Byzantine Emperor]] and wife of king [[Béla IV of Hungary]], together with her retinue of nobles and a great number of soldiers in 1261 in order to introduce her son to the Croatian nobility and to negotiate their oath in recognizing him as the designated duke (herceg).{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=32}} In 1264, the first case of judicial function in the city was mentioned and during this time, Knin was the seat of both the Croatian ban, and the duke, who acted as a semi-independent ruler with close connection to the king and whose chancellor had been the bishop of Knin.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=33}} Between 1270 and 1272, the new cathedral was consecrated on the orders of the Knin bishop Nicholas.{{sfn|Gunjača|1949}}<ref>Nikola Jakšić, [https://www.academia.edu/22968166/Knin-_hrvatska_srednjovjekovna_prijestolnica_Split_1995 Knin- hrvatska srednjovjekovna prijestolnica, Split 1995] pp. 19</ref> The cathedral is described as being "magnificent" and "solemn" by subsequent documents. By this point, a new town had already developed outside the castle complex.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|pp=54–55}} A market square ([[Forum (Roman)|forum]]) was for the first time mentioned in the second half of 13th century.<ref>{{cite journal | url = https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/clanak/63163 | via = [[Hrčak]] | journal = Contributions of Institute of Archaeology in Zagreb | volume = 25 | year = 2008 | title = The parish church ... sancti Stephanis regis circa Drauam – a contribution to the interpretation of the spread of Hungarian political influence south of the Drava | first = Tajana | last = Sekelj Ivančan }}</ref>

The transition from 13th to 14th century was marked in the rise of the [[Šubić noble family]], whose members likely made Knin one of the seats within their realm. According to the 19th century Franciscan friar and historian [[Donato Fabianich]], the monastery of [[St. Catharines|Saint Catherine]] was founded around this time by the Knin nobility which were first settled there by Mladen Šubić.<ref>Donato Fabianich, Storia dei fratri minori dai primordi della joro istituzione in Dal· mazia e Bossina, fino ai giorni nostri, I, Zadar 1863, pp. 94.</ref> Their rule over Knin came to an end at the [[Battle of Bliska]] in 1322, after which the Angevin king [[Charles I of Hungary|Charles Robert]] arrived in the city and imprisoned the former lord [[Mladen II Šubić of Bribir]].{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=35}} Upon the departure of the king to Hungary, the noble [[Ivan Nelipić]] quickly seized Knin, and from there expelled the king's men from Croatia. Thus, these territories ''de facto'' continued to remain outside the monarchy, and the [[Nelipić noble family]] made Knin their permanent seat and ruled their territories as "Princes of Knin".

After successfully warring against their enemies, [[Dalmatian city-states|the Dalmatian cities]] and nobility under [[George II Šubić of Bribir|Juraj II Šubić of Bribir]] (who was imprisoned in the castle's dungeons), as well as the royal forces commanded by the [[Ban of Slavonia|Slavonian ban]] Mikac Prodanić,<ref>Miha Madijev, cap. XXIII.{{full citation needed|date=December 2016}}</ref> their rule came to an end when [[Louis I of Hungary]] personally led an army to re-establish royal power over Knin in 1345. During this time it became known that the castle consisted of two major parts, administered by two castellans and which was populated by houses and baths, a palace with a main hall used previously by the Nelipić's to sign an alliance with the [[Republic of Venice]] and to enforce customs on imports to the city. An annual trade fair, on Saint Bartholomew's day is known to have taken place in the settlement below since at least the 1360s and was regularly attended by the merchants from the Dalmatian cities.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rbWZAgg9a5EC&q=mladen+an%C4%8Di%C4%87+knin+u+razvijenom+i+kasnom+srednjem+vijeku&pg=PA246 |title = The Man of Many Devices, who Wandered Full Many Ways--: Festschrift in Honour of J nos M. Bak|isbn = 978-963-9116-67-2|last1 = Nagy|first1 = Bal zs|last2 = Seb?k|first2 = Marcell|date = January 1999| publisher=Central European University Press }}</ref><ref>Nikola Jakšić, [https://www.academia.edu/22968166/Knin-_hrvatska_srednjovjekovna_prijestolnica_Split_1995 Knin- hrvatska srednjovjekovna prijestolnica, Split 1995] pp. 20-21</ref> It is known that Knin's also burg housed a significant colony of merchants originating from these cities which also gives insight into its commercial importance.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/50469|title=Krka kao razdjelnica velikaških gradova Šubića i Nelipića na karti Matea Pagana nastaloj oko 1522. godine|journal=Ekonomska i Ekohistorija: Časopis za Gospodarsku Povijest i Povijest Okoliša|date=October 2007|volume=3|issue=1|pages=51–61|language=hr|access-date=11 January 2017|last1=Slukan Altić|first1=Mirela}}</ref> A supreme judicial body for the whole of Croatia was formed, composed of Croatian nobility, and was located on the castle grounds.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=76}} A chapel dedicated to [[Saint Bartholomew]] located within the cathedral was the place of notary of the Knin See. There the noble Ivan Nelipić (son of Vladislava) had reaffirmed his rights to the estates and lands in [[Cetina]] during his stay in the city.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|pp=52–53}}{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|pp=55–56}}
[[File:StefatonKnin.png|thumb|right|Stone slab of Knin Fortress depicting [[Stephaton]] thought to have originated from the Church of St. Stephen in the Knin's burg, 11th century]]
Using the dynastic instability in the neighboring lands, the city came into the hands of the Bosnian king [[Tvrtko I of Bosnia|Tvrtko I]] during the year of 1388. The previous bishop had likely been expelled, where the [[Republic of Ragusa|Ragusan]] Mihailo took his place, and was also given the office of the king's chancellor. These actions provoked a retaliation of king [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund]], whose armies besieged Knin in September 1390. The city, along with other territories were returned to Sigismund in 1393. Upon his return from the disastrous [[battle of Nicopolis]] in 1396, the king spent a month in Knin to consolidate his holdings and state affairs of Dalmatia and Croatia, issuing various decrees together with his ban [[Nicholas II Garai|Nikola Gorjanski]].{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=60}} In 1401, the city was besieged by the Bosnian king [[Stephen Ostoja]], who encamped in the adjacent Knin field (Kninsko polje), and remained there until the following year. The newly crowned king [[Ladislaus of Naples]] attained support from the castellan of Knin and issued his first decree there in 1403.

Because of frequent harassment, the citizens of Knin had to pay tribute to the duke [[Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić]], and for a short while, the city seemed to have been directly under his rule. The presence of [[Franciscans]] is for the first time mentioned in the 15th century, which were located in the old Saint Mary's church and monastery in the city. Apart from them, other religious buildings are mentioned such as the church of the [[Holy Spirit]].<ref name="academia.edu"/>

Its strategic position played an important role in many wars and power changes – the Republic of Venice often reflected on its importance as a key castle and the main entrance to Dalmatia, which it attempted to obtain during the 15th century.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=64}} During these years both the city, the ban and his dignitaries played a crucial role in the struggle for dominance over the coastal cities with Venice. In 1430 Knin and the [[Cathedral of Saint Bartholomew in Kapitul|Church of St. Bartolomeo in Kapitul]] were the centre of the "Union and Brotherhood of the Croats" ({{langx|la|unio et fraternitas Croatorum}}), a congregation of [[Croatian nobility|Croatian nobles]] formed by 12 [[counties of Croatia]] in order to "preserve the fame and old customs of the Croatian Kingdom".<ref>Mladen Ančić: "Desetljeće od 1091. do 1102. u zrcalu vrela" (Summary: The decade between 1091 and 1102 according to the sources), Povijesni prilozi 17/1998, p. 253</ref><ref>Damir Karbić: Hrvatski plemićki rod i običajno pravo, p. 109-111</ref>

It was in 1420 that the Nelipić noble family again regained their former role in Croatia with the emergence of [[Ivaniš Nelipić]], which again distanced these territories from the crown. These possessions were later acquired after Ivaniš's death in 1435 by [[Ivan Anž Frankopan|Anž]] of the [[House of Frankopan]] through the marriage with the Nelipić nobles. Knin and the surrounding possessions were restored to the crown upon Anž's death in 1437.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=68}} In 1454 an attempt between the Bosnian king and the Venetians was made to acquire the city, which was referenced as "capital and foremost place of Croatia" in their letters.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=72}}

During the reign of king [[Matthias Corvinus]], the bishops of Knin were selected as the king's principal orators abroad in collecting the help needed against the invading [[Ottoman Empire]]. The bishop was thus first secretly involved at the [[pope]] to solicit financial aid for Matthias' military campaign. The city's distant surroundings quickly became a target for Ottoman raids. As the raids were becoming more frequent, one of them reached Knin, where a Franciscan monastery has been recorded to have been destroyed in 1469.

In 1493, the first direct attempt of siege by the Ottomans was undertaken, which was followed by ban [[John Corvinus]] and his deputies invading and pillaging the Ottoman territories from the city. The Republic of Venice started to financially support the city's defences in fear for its possessions in Dalmatia. In 1501, three Ottoman spies were caught and imprisoned by the vice-ban. They were sent by the [[Sanjak of Bosnia|Sanjak-bey of Bosnia]], and had infiltrated Knin posing as friars that were on their way to sell [[vestment]]s to the market. They were to investigate the situation in the Zadar surrounding.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=82}}

The last major conflict around Knin before the truce was in September 1502 when 2,000 Ottoman cavalrymen looted the area.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=84}} On 20 August 1503 King [[Vladislaus II of Hungary|Vladislaus II]] concluded a 7-year peace treaty with Sultan [[Bayezid II]]. The armistice was generally respected by all sides,<ref>[[Ive Mažuran]]: Povijest Hrvatske od 15. stoljeća do 18. stoljeća, p. 44-45</ref> during which Knin's defensive positions were strengthened in 1504. A period of severe famine started in 1505 that affected entire Dalmatia. In 1510 the plague halved Knin's population.

[[File:KninPagano1525.png|thumb|right|Knin castle, settlement and Kapitul around 1525, after Ottoman conquest from the map of Dalmatia from [[Matteo Pagano]]]]
In 1510 around 1,000 Ottoman [[Akinji|Akıncı]] raided the countryside of Knin. There had been word that viceban of Croatia was captured on that occasion. Baltazar Baćan ({{langx|hu|Boldizsár Batthyány}}), viceban of Slavonia, together with forces from the Zagreb Bishopry, managed to lift the siege of Knin in January 1513. Next year in February the Ottomans laid siege on Knin with 10,000 men from the Sanjak of Bosnia, but were unable to take the city and lost 500 troops. Knin's burg and outskirts were burned on this occasion.<ref>Vjekoslav Klaić: Povijest Hrvata od najstarijih vremena do svršetka XIX. stoljeća, Knjiga četvrta, Zagreb, 1988, p. 302</ref>{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=88}} These clashes left Knin devastated and there was no news about the city for five years. Local population was decimated by war, hunger, plague and migration to safer places, and its economy was hindered by the seizure of crops and livestock. Due to Knin's strategic value, King [[Louis II of Hungary|Louis II]] responded to requests from captains of Knin, Skradin and Ostrovica and promised reinforcements of 1,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalrymen. However, it is unlikely that these forces arrived to the endangered towns.

On 29 May 1522 [[Siege of Knin|after the final siege]] of the Knin castle, it fell to the [[Ottoman Empire]],{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=89}} and Croats left the town in large numbers. The Ottomans repopulated the town with new inhabitants from Bosnia.{{sfn|Gunjača|1960|p=92}}

===Ottoman and Venetian period===
[[File:Knin1688etch.jpg|thumb|right|Knin around 1688]]
The bishops who held the title no longer resided in Knin after it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1522. It was initially part of the [[Sanjak of Klis|Sanjak of Kilis]], later the centre of the [[Sanjak of Krka|Sanjak of Kırka]], was founded in 1574.<ref name="knin.hr"/> By 1540, Ottomans massively populated area between [[Skradin]] and Knin with Vlachs.<ref>Mužić, Ivan; (2010) ''Vlasi u starijoj hrvatskoj historiografiji''(in Croatian) p. 210; Split: Muzej hrvatskih arheoloških spomenika. {{ISBN|978-953-6803-25-5}} [http://www.muzic-ivan.info/vlasi_u_starijoj_hrvatskoj_historiografiji.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922005533/http://www.muzic-ivan.info/vlasi_u_starijoj_hrvatskoj_historiografiji.pdf|date=2015-09-22}}</ref>
It was briefly captured by Venice in 1648 during [[Cretan War (1645-1669)|Cretan War]]. After Venice captured the district in 1688, the Bishop of [[Šibenik]] was appointed to administer the diocese, which was united in 1828 to Šibenik.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14736b.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: See of Tinin (Dalmatia)|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref> The bishopric is today the [[titular see]] of [[Diocese of Tinum|Tinum]].<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 991</ref>

A century and a half later, on 11 September 1688, it was captured by the [[Venetian Republic]]. Subsequently, the Croatian population partially returned and the [[Franciscans]] built a monastery and a church there in 1708. Ottomans aimed to retake Knin during [[Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–18)|Ottoman-Venetian War]], but their siege was repulsed in 1715.

===Habsburg era===
[[File: Knin1866-1868 2.jpg |thumb|Knin in 1866-1898]]
Knin passed on to the [[Habsburg]]s together with [[Dalmatia]] in 1797 according to the [[Treaty of Campo Formio]]. After the [[Peace of Pressburg (1805)|Peace of Pressburg]] in 1805, the French Empire gained the city and incorporated it into the [[Illyrian Provinces]] in 1809. By 1813, the Austrians regained control over the town. By the end of the 19th century, as a part of the [[Habsburg]] domain of Dalmatia, Knin grew steadily, becoming an important commercial as well as road and railway center. In 1867, Knin became a part of [[Dalmatia]] – a territorial entity within [[Cisleithania]].

===Modern===
====Kingdom of Yugoslavia and World War II====
After the [[First World War]], Knin became a part of the [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] in 1918, which after a [[Adriatic question|brief Italian military occupation]] subsequently became part of the [[Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]] (named [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] after 1929). Previously only connected with rail to Šibenik and Split (with [[Narrow-gauge railway|narrow gauge]] to [[Drvar]] and [[Prijedor]] as well), in 1925 [[M604 railway (Croatia)|Lika railway]] connected Knin with Zagreb and north in general. It gradually became a busy rail hub; already in 1927 a total of 58,000 passengers departed Knin rail station.<ref>{{Cite web |title=željeznički kolodvor {{!}} Hrvatska tehnička enciklopedija |url=https://tehnika.lzmk.hr/zeljeznicki-kolodvor/ |access-date=2022-09-23 |website=tehnika.lzmk.hr|date=4 July 2018 }}</ref>

In [[World War II in Yugoslavia|World War II]], Knin was in the so-called [[Independent State of Croatia#Zones of influence|second Italian occupation zone]], administered by the civilian authorities of the collaborationist [[Independent State of Croatia]] led by the fascist [[Ustaše|Ustaša]] regime, but with heavy [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Italian]] military presence. The Italians also relied heavily on local ethnic Serb militias ([[Chetniks]]) to maintain order and suppress [[Yugoslav Partisans|partisan resistance]]. In April 1943, [[Momčilo Đujić|Đujić's]] Chetniks set up a prison and execution site in the village of Kosovo (today [[Biskupija]]), near Knin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://znaci.org/00001/23_10_12.htm|title=Ilija T. Radaković: BESMISLENA YU-RATOVANJA 1991-1995|website=znaci.org}}</ref> Thousands of local civilians (both Croats and even Serb Anti-Fascists) including women and children, as well as captured Partisans, were held and mistreated at this prison, while hundreds of prisoners (as many as over 1,000<ref>Popovic; "Nasa Rec, monthly political and literary review (Middlesex, England), No. 402/XLII (Feb 1989), pp 248-249</ref>) were tortured and killed at an execution site near a ravine close to the camp.<ref>NOB u Dalmaciji, 6, 116</ref> While visiting the village of [[Kninsko Polje]], local warlord [[Branko Bogunović]] said: "There is no salvation for the Croats, and there is no need for them to run because they cannot escape, there is no Croatian state, nor will it be, and all Croats need to be slaughtered."{{sfn|Dizdar|Sobolevski|1999|p=208}}

The entire area was the scene of the Croatian [[genocide]] campaign against the local Serb population. The Ustaša regime declared Knin the [[Counties of the Independent State of Croatia|county seat]] of Bribir and Sidraga. After the [[Italian surrender]] in September 1943, German forces became the main factor in the region. As the war progressed and partisan forces liberated most of Dalmatia, with Germans pulling out and retreating northwards, Axis and partisan forces pitted against each other in Knin in a [[Battle of Knin|major battle]] in early December 1944. The [[8th Dalmatian Corps]] sought to destroy the [[Nazi Germany|German]], Ustaše and Chetnik formations in North Dalmatia and the city of Knin. With around 50,000 troops involved and more than 7,000 casualties on all sides, the Partisans liberated Knin on 9 December.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://darhiv.ffzg.unizg.hr/id/eprint/9770/|title=Kninska bitka 1944|last=Bogdan|first=Ante|date=2014|website=darhiv.ffzg.unizg.hr|language=hr|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> Five Knin natives who fought in partisan ranks were proclaimed [[Order of the People's Hero|People's Heroes]]: Miro Višić, Jošo Durbaba, Boško Žunić, Stevo G. Opačić and Stevo S. Opačić.

====Socialist Yugoslavia====
{{Expand section|date=April 2020}}
[[File:Poseta predsednika Tita Kninu.jpg|thumb|[[President of Yugoslavia]] [[Josip Broz Tito]] in Knin in 1954.]]
Between 1945 and 1990, Knin saw rapid industrialization and modernization, becoming a centre of a wider region. [[Una railway]] was opened in 1948 and Knin-Zadar railway in 1967, making Knin train station one of the most important and busiest hubs in Croatia.

====Croatian War of Independence====
On 8 July 1989, a large Serb nationalist rally was held in Knin, during which banners threatening [[Yugoslav People's Army]] intervention in Croatia, as well as [[Chetnik]] iconography was displayed.<ref>{{cite book|last=Glaurdic|first=Josip|title=The Hour of Europe: Western Powers and the Breakup of Yugoslavia|year=2011|publisher=Yale University Press|location=London|isbn=978-0-300-16629-3|page=51}}</ref> From October 1990,<ref name="The war">{{cite web|url=http://www.hic.hr/ratni-zlocini/hrvatska/dalmacija/kronologija.htm|title=Kronologija Domovinskog rata u Lici i Sjevernoj Dalmaciji|access-date=26 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125151650/http://www.hic.hr/ratni-zlocini/hrvatska/dalmacija/kronologija.htm|archive-date=25 November 2014}}</ref> eight months before Croatia [[Croatian War of Independence|declared independence]] (25 June 1991) from [[SFRY|Yugoslavia]], Knin became the main stronghold for the [[Serbs]] in the [[Kninska Krajina|Knin region]], eventually becoming the capital city of the unrecognized self-declared [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]] in 1991.<ref name="Knin-Domovinski Rat">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051126063710/http://www.knin.hr/stranice/o_kninu/domovinski_rat.asp Knin-Domovinski Rat]</ref> The leaders of Krajina were Knin locals: [[Milan Martić]] and [[Milan Babić]], both convicted for [[ethnic cleansing]] of Croats and other non-Serbs from Krajina by [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia|ICTY]].<ref name="ICTY judgment">{{cite web|url=http://www.icty.org/x/cases/martic/tjug/en/070612_summary_en.pdf|title=Summary of Judgement for Milan Martić|access-date=18 May 2011|publisher=[[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]]}}</ref> Widespread acts of murder and violence, detention and intimidation became pervasive throughout the RSK territory from 1992 to 1995.<ref name="ICTY judgment" /> During that time 93.9% of Croats were expelled from the town and municipality of Knin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://narod.hr/kultura/19-ozujka-1993-knin-znate-li-da-su-srbi-protjerali-iz-grada-i-okolice-cak-94-hrvata|title=18. ožujka 1993. Knin - znate li da su Srbi protjerali iz grada i okolice čak 94% Hrvata?|last=Horvatić|first=Petar|date=2019-03-18|website=narod.hr|language=hr|access-date=2019-12-31}}</ref> 

[[Knin camp]] was a [[detention camp]] run by the [[Military of Serbian Krajina|Krajina Serbian Army]], that held [[Croats|Croatian]] detainees, soldiers and civilians, from 1991 until 1992, during the [[Croatian War of Independence]].<ref name="AI">{{cite web | publisher = [[Amnesty International]] | url = http://repository.forcedmigration.org/pdf/?pid=fmo:850 | format = PDF | pages = 22–23 | title = Yugoslavia&nbsp;– further reports of torture | date = March 1992 | access-date = December 15, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131001232205/http://repository.forcedmigration.org/pdf/?pid=fmo:850 | archive-date = October 1, 2013 }}</ref> Former prisoners testified that they were arrested by Serb paramilitary forces and then deported into Knin camp. The detainees were beaten, mistreated and humiliated.<ref name="knin camp">Final report of the United Nations Commission of Experts, established pursuant to security council resolution 780 (1992), Annex VIII - Prison camps; Under the Direction of: M. Cherif Bassiouni; S/1994/674/Add.2 (Vol. IV), 27 May 1994 [http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/anx/VIII-09.htm#III.B.16 ''Annex VIII: Prison camps (part 9/10)'' - Knin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204082712/http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/anx/VIII-09.htm#III.B.16 |date=2013-12-04 }}.</ref> Serbs held the town until Croatian forces captured it during [[Operation Storm]] on 5 August 1995.<ref name="HRT">{{cite web | url=http://www.hrt.hr/index.php?id=nadanasnjidan&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=82484&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=75&cHash=da2377f683 | title=U akciji "Oluja" oslobođen Knin | date=5 August 2011 | publisher=[[Croatian Radiotelevision]] | language=hr | access-date=24 December 2012}}</ref> The date is today marked as a [[Victory Day (Croatia)|Victory Day]] in Croatia.<ref name="hr-law-holidays">{{cite web | url = http://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2002_11_136_2194.html | language = hr | title = Zakon o blagdanima, spomendanima i neradnim danima u Republici Hrvatskoj | author = Croatian Parliament | author-link = Croatian Parliament | publisher = [[Narodne novine]] | date = 21 November 2002 | access-date = 25 June 2011}}</ref>

[[File:Spomenik hrvatske pobjede Oluja 95 16 obljetnica vojnoredarstvene operacije Oluja 04082011 5047-2.jpg|thumb|right|Monument of the Croatian Victory "Storm '95" was made on the 16th anniversary of Operation Storm<ref>{{Cite web|title=U Kninu otkriven spomenik hrvatske pobjede "Oluja 95"|url=http://www.sabor.hr/hr/press/priopcenja/u-kninu-otkriven-spomenik-hrvatske-pobjede-oluja-95|access-date=2020-07-18|website=Hrvatski sabor|date=4 August 2011 |language=hr}}</ref>]]
In February 2015, during the [[Croatia–Serbia genocide case]], the [[International Court of Justice]] (ICJ) dismissed the Serbian lawsuit claim that Operation Storm constituted genocide ruling that Croatia did not have the specific intent to exterminate the country's Serb minority, though it reaffirmed that serious crimes against Serb civilians had taken place.<ref>{{harvnb|ICJ|3 February 2015|pp=4, 141, 142}}</ref> Fleeing civilians and people remaining in United Nations protected areas were subject to various forms of harassment, including military assaults and acts by Croatian civilians. On 8 August, a refugee column was shelled.<ref>{{harvnb|ICJ|3 February 2015|pp=4, 132, 133}}</ref> [[Human Rights Watch]] reported, in 1996, that the vast majority of the abuses were committed by Croatian forces. These abuses, which continued on a large scale even months after Operation Storm, included [[summary execution]]s of elderly and infirm Serbs who remained behind and the wholesale burning and destruction of Serbian villages and property.<ref>{{harvnb|HRW|1996|p=19}}</ref> Executions of civilians took place in and around the town of Knin.<ref>{{harvnb|HRW|1996|p=25}}</ref>

The majority of the population had already fled by the time the Croatian Army took control of Knin.<ref name="Galbraith" /><ref name="Croatian News article" /><ref>''The New York Times'', 11 August 1995, p A1</ref> At the end of the war, Knin's demographic composition changed greatly with the influx of Croat refugees from [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]] and former Croat militia members. They replaced, to a great extent, those Serbs who fled during Operation Storm.<ref>O Kninu; Povijest{{full citation needed|date=February 2020}}</ref> In 2015, [[Amnesty International]] report that Croatian Serbs continued to face discrimination in public sector employment and the restitution of tenancy rights to social housing vacated during the war.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/europe-and-central-asia/croatia/report-croatia/|title=Croatia report|date=25 February 2015|access-date=2016-01-16|archive-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112041729/https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/europe-and-central-asia/croatia/report-croatia/}}</ref>

==Geography==

Knin is located in the northern [[Dalmatia]]n region of Croatia, 56 kilometres east of the coastal town of [[Šibenik]], at {{Coord|44|02|18|N|16|11|59|E|}}.

The original Roman settlement developed on the foothills of the [[Dinaric Alps]]. It was on these foothills that the [[Knin Fortress]] was built. The source of the [[Krka (Croatia)|Krka]] river begins on the outskirts of the town.

==Climate==

Knin has a modified Mediterranean climate (Cfa, nearing the border with Csa) with hot dry summers and cool winters. Although the city is only some 50&nbsp;km (31&nbsp;mi) from the Adriatic Sea, an arm of the Mediterranean, the proximity of the Dinaric Alps to the north alters its climate. Knin is particularly known for its hot summers: temperatures reaching 40&nbsp;°C (104&nbsp;°F) are not uncommon in July and August. The January average temperature is about 4&nbsp;°C and in August is about 24&nbsp;°C

{{Weather box
|location = Knin (1971–2000, extremes 1949–2022)
|width = auto
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 20.5
|Feb record high C = 22.3
|Mar record high C = 27.6
|Apr record high C = 29.2
|May record high C = 34.2
|Jun record high C = 40.4
|Jul record high C = 40.9
|Aug record high C = 42.3
|Sep record high C = 37.4
|Oct record high C = 31.6
|Nov record high C = 27.6
|Dec record high C = 21.6
|year record high C = 42.3
| Jan high C = 8.9
| Feb high C = 10.4
| Mar high C = 14.1
| Apr high C = 17.4
| May high C = 23.0
| Jun high C = 26.6
| Jul high C = 30.1
| Aug high C = 30.3
| Sep high C = 25.4
| Oct high C = 19.9
| Nov high C = 13.7
| Dec high C = 9.9
|year high C = 19.1
|Jan mean C = 4.0
|Feb mean C = 5.1
|Mar mean C = 8.2
|Apr mean C = 11.5
|May mean C = 16.6
|Jun mean C = 20.1
|Jul mean C = 23.0
|Aug mean C = 22.5
|Sep mean C = 18.0
|Oct mean C = 13.3
|Nov mean C = 8.2
|Dec mean C = 5.0
|year mean C = 13.0
| Jan low C = -0.2
| Feb low C = 0.7
| Mar low C = 3.3
| Apr low C = 6.5
| May low C = 10.6
| Jun low C = 13.8
| Jul low C = 16.2
| Aug low C = 16.0
| Sep low C = 12.2
| Oct low C = 8.3
| Nov low C = 3.8
| Dec low C = 0.9
|year low C = 7.7
|Jan record low C = -18.3
|Feb record low C = -18.4
|Mar record low C = -14.0
|Apr record low C = -4.1
|May record low C = -0.4
|Jun record low C = 4.3
|Jul record low C = 8.1
|Aug record low C = 6.8
|Sep record low C = 1.0
|Oct record low C = -3.3
|Nov record low C = -8.5
|Dec record low C = -15.4
|year record low C = -18.4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 75.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 69.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 74.7
|Apr precipitation mm = 92.0
|May precipitation mm = 90.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 81.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 43.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 61.7
|Sep precipitation mm = 108.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 114.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 112.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 101.7
|year precipitation mm = 1025.8
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 10.7
| Feb precipitation days = 9.2
| Mar precipitation days = 9.6
| Apr precipitation days = 11.8
| May precipitation days = 11.4
| Jun precipitation days = 10.8
| Jul precipitation days = 6.4
| Aug precipitation days = 7.1
| Sep precipitation days = 8.8
| Oct precipitation days = 10.5
| Nov precipitation days = 11.0
| Dec precipitation days = 11.0
|year precipitation days = 118.4
|unit snow days = 1.0 cm
|Jan snow days = 1.3
|Feb snow days = 1.2
|Mar snow days = 0.2
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.3
|Dec snow days = 0.5
|year snow days = 3.5
|Jan humidity = 69.0
|Feb humidity = 63.5
|Mar humidity = 62.2
|Apr humidity = 63.1
|May humidity = 63.6
|Jun humidity = 62.1
|Jul humidity = 56.1
|Aug humidity = 58.3
|Sep humidity = 65.8
|Oct humidity = 69.2
|Nov humidity = 70.1
|Dec humidity = 70.3
|year humidity = 64.4
|Jan sun = 120.9
|Feb sun = 146.9
|Mar sun = 182.9
|Apr sun = 189.0
|May sun = 244.9
|Jun sun = 270.0
|Jul sun = 325.5
|Aug sun = 297.6
|Sep sun = 234.0
|Oct sun = 182.9
|Nov sun = 123.0
|Dec sun = 108.5
|year sun =
| source 1 = [[Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service]]<ref name= DHMZ >{{cite web
| url = http://klima.hr/k1/k1_2/knin.pdf
| title = Knin Climate Normals
| access-date = 3 December 2015
| publisher = Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service}}</ref><ref name=monthlyvalues>{{cite web
| url = http://klima.hr/klima.php?id=k1&param=srednjak&Grad=knin
| title = Mjesečne vrijednosti za Knin u razdoblju 1949−2014
| language = hr
| access-date = 3 December 2015
| publisher = Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=14442&ano=2022&mes=6&day=28&hora=18&min=0&ndays=30|title= 14442: Knin (Croatia)|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 27 June 2022|website=ogimet.com |publisher=OGIMET |access-date= 29 June 2022}}</ref>
|date=August 2014}}

Since records began in 1949, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station at an elevation of {{convert|255|m|ft}} was {{convert|42.3|C|F}}, on 10 August 2017.<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-07-19 |author=DHMZ |title=Najviše izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja |url=https://meteo.hr/objave_najave_natjecaji.php?section=onn&param=objave&el=priopcenja&daj=najvise_temperature_zraka |website=Državni hidrometeorološki zavod}}</ref> The coldest temperature was {{convert|-18.4|C|F}}, on 17 February 1956.<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-01-21 |author=DHMZ |title=Najniže izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja |url=https://meteo.hr/objave_najave_natjecaji.php?section=onn&param=objave&el=priopcenja&daj=najnize_temperature_zraka |website=Državni hidrometeorološki zavod}}</ref>

==Demographics==
[[File:Knin i Dinara.jpg|thumb|right|View of Knin and the [[Dinara]] mountain]]
[[File:Kninska crkva u izgradnji.JPG|thumb|Our Lady of the Great Croatian Baptismal Vow church]]

According to 2021 census data, the population in Knin municipality was 11,755 and in town proper 8,317. 29.8% of population is of the age of 60 or older, while 18.6% of population is 20 or younger. [[Croatian Bureau of Statistics]] estimated the population of Knin municipality on 31 December 2020 to stand at 11,286.<ref>[https://www.dzs.hr/Hrv_Eng/Pokazatelji/Gradovi%20u%20statistici.xlsx Gradovi u statistici], Croatian Bureau of Statistics, published on 31/10/2019</ref> This represents a steep decline: ten years earlier, in the [[2011 Census of Croatia|2011 census]], Knin municipality had a population of 15,388, while Knin (town, proper) had a population of 10,493.<ref name="census2011">{{Croatian Census 2011|S|15|1961|access-date=26 June 2013}}</ref> In the 2001 census, the population of Knin was 15,190 (whole municipality) with 11,128 in town proper. Ethnically, Croats formed the majority with 76.45% while the population share of Serbs stood at 20.8%.<ref name="census2001">{{Cite web |url=http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv/censuses/Census2001/Popis/H01_02_02/H01_02_02_zup15.html |title=2001 Croatian census |access-date=2007-06-05 |archive-date=2007-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070723155514/http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv/censuses/Census2001/Popis/H01_02_02/H01_02_02_zup15.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Knin has recently seen a steep [[population decline]], not least due to high emigration rates, especially since Croatia joined the EU in 2013 and its [[Freedom of movement for workers in the European Union|citizens consequently face few to no work and immigration restrictions]]. Elementary school student population in Knin (ages 6 to 14) has sharply declined by 29% between 2013 and 2019.<ref>[https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiZWE3YTE4OWQtOWJmNC00OTJmLWE2MjktYTQ5MWJlNDNlZDQ0IiwidCI6IjJjMTFjYmNjLWI3NjEtNDVkYi1hOWY1LTRhYzc3ZTk0ZTFkNCIsImMiOjh9&pageName=ReportSection2 e-rudnik, MZO]</ref> Knin's population is also in more flux than that of other Croatian cities given that it has a major refugee problem: both with a large number of [[Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Croats from neighbouring Bosnia-Herzegovina]] who immigrated there post-1995 and [[Serbs of Croatia|Serbs from Knin]] who are still refugees in Bosnia-Herzegovina or Serbia. Immigrant Croats form the majority in the city with only a scattered Serb presence in the surrounding villages.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}

{{Croatian population data graph |popisi=HRV |upisano=2022-06-04 |područje=Town of Knin |p1857=10637 |p1869=11284 |p1880=10660 |p1890=12294 |p1900=13179 |p1910=14621 |p1921=13320 |p1931=15482 |p1948=17048 |p1953=18662 |p1961=20164 |p1971=20872 |p1981=21854 |p1991=23025 |p2001=15190 |p2011=15407 |p2021=11633}}

===Demographic history===
Before the [[Croatian War of Independence]] 87% of the population of the municipality and 79% of the city were Serbs.<ref>1991 Yugoslav census{{full citation needed|date=June 2016}}</ref> During the war, most of the non-Serb population was displaced from Knin, while in the last days of the war most of the Serbs left Knin, fearing incoming Croatian forces.<ref name="Galbraith">{{cite web|url=http://listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0603&L=justwatch-l&D=1&O=D&F=&S=&P=9843 |title=LISTSERV 16.0 - Archives - Error |access-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506062841/http://listserv.acsu.buffalo.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0603&L=justwatch-l&D=1&O=D&F=&S=&P=9843 |archive-date= 6 May 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Croatian News article">[http://www.portal.hrvati.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=1075 ''Pečat Vremena'', Vesna Kljajić, OTV 11.05.2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820050446/http://www.portal.hrvati.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=1075 |date=2007-08-20 }}</ref><ref>''The New York Times'', 6 August 1995, p A1</ref> In February 2015, during the [[Croatia–Serbia genocide case]], the judgment of the [[International Court of Justice]] stated that it is not disputed that a substantial part of the Serb population fled that region as a direct consequence of the military actions. The Croatian authorities were aware that the operation would provoke a mass exodus; they even to some extent predicated their military planning on such an exodus, which they considered not only probable, but desirable.<ref>{{harvnb|ICJ|3 February 2015|p=131}}</ref> As a consequence of the war and population displacement, Knin municipality population has nearly halved between 1991 and 2001 (from 23 to 15 thousand).

====Knin (municipality)====
Besides the town of Knin itself, Knin municipality today consists of following settlements: [[Golubić, Šibenik-Knin County|Golubić]], [[Kninsko Polje]], [[Kovačić, Croatia|Kovačić]], [[Ljubač, Šibenik-Knin County|Ljubač]], [[Oćestovo]], [[Plavno, Croatia|Plavno]], [[Polača, Šibenik-Knin County|Polača]], [[Potkonje]], [[Radljevac]], [[Strmica, Croatia|Strmica]], [[Vrpolje, Knin|Vrpolje]] and [[Žagrović]]. The data below and in the population graph is based on current municipality, since in the past the Knin municipality often changed its borders.

{| class="wikitable" style="; text-align: center;"
|-
| '''Year'''<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://hrcak.srce.hr/9656?lang=en | journal=Geoadria | volume = 10 | number = 1 |date=June 2005 | title = Demographic Development of the Town of Knin in 1991/2001 Intercensal Period |author=Martin Glamuzina |author2=Željka Šiljković |author3=Nikola Glamuzina | access-date = 2012-03-18}}</ref>
 
|1864-1869<ref>{{Cite web |last=Austrian Geographical Society |first=Vienna Court |date=1864 |title=Reports from the field of statistics, volume 11 to 17 |url=https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/6T5BRFU3ZT6D7VTYI3SRIFJTJN52PBY2 |archive-url=}}</ref>
||1880||1890||1900||1910||1931<ref>[http://www.sistory.si/cdn/publikacije/4001-5000/4760/Definitivni_rezultati_popisa_stanovnistva_od_31_marta_1931_godine_Knjiga_II.pdf 1931 census, vol. 2, published in 1938] Note: 1931 census offers breakdown solely on the basis of religion; Catholic-Orthodox matrix here is taken as a proxy for ethnicity</ref>||1948||1953||1961||1971||1981||1991||2001||2011||2021
|-
| '''[[Croats]]''' 
|83%||15.1%||14.5%||14.3%||14.4%||10.9%||14.6%||14.5%||15.3%||15.2%||11.3%||10.3%||76.5%||75.4%||76.82%
|-
| '''[[Serbs]]''' 
|6.8%||82.3%||84.5%||83.5%||84.2%||89%||84.7%||84.1%||82.1%||80.7%||72.8%||85.5%||20.8%||23.0%||21.42%
|-
| '''Others''' 
|10~10.2%||2.6%||1%||2.2%||1.5%||0%||0.7%||1.5%||2.6%||4.1%||15.9%||4.2%||2.7%||1.6%||1.76%
|}

====Knin (town)====
[[File:Knin population.png|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Town proper grew faster than other settlements in the municipality. Before WW2 just under 12% of the entire municipality population lived in town proper; by 1991 the share was ~55%. In 2021 census the share was at 71%.]]

The town of Knin had a small population compared to its surroundings until the aftermath of [[World War II in Yugoslavia|World War II]]. Just 15% of population of municipality lived in Knin proper; neighbouring [[Plavno, Croatia|Plavno]], [[Oćestovo]] and [[Polača, Šibenik-Knin County|Polača]] had basically the same or even larger population than Knin. With increased urbanisation and industrialization in post-WWII [[Socialist Republic of Croatia|socialist era (1945-1991)]], Knin urban population rapidly increased from 2,600 to 12,300. At that point, more than a half of municipality's population lived in the town of Knin. After 1991, due to the war and population displacement, as well as [[Transition economy|transition shock]] and [[deindustrialization]], population has been steadily declining.

The 1857 data show that 75.55% of the town's population was [[Roman Catholic]].<ref name=Dalm252>Mithad Kozličić, Ante Bralić, Stanovništvo Kraljevine Dalmacije prema službenim izračunima i popisima 1828.-1857., p. 252</ref><ref>Statistica generale della Dalmazia / edita dalla Giunta provinciale; [compilata da Luigi Serragli]. Divisione 4, Fasc. 1: Statistica della popolazione della Dalmazia. - 1862</ref> According to the Austrian Census held in 1900, the town of Knin had 1,302 residents.<ref name=Dalmatien>Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, Bd. 14 Dalmatien, p. 30, 32</ref> In 1910 the town had 1,270 citizens.<ref name=Dalmatien1910>[http://www.omm1910.hu/?/de/datenbank Spezialortsrepertorium der österreichischen Länder I-XII, Wien, 1915–1919] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529164005/http://www.omm1910.hu/?%2Fde%2Fdatenbank |date=2013-05-29 }}</ref> After 1945, with urbanization and modernization, Knin attracted much of the countryside population which was overwhelmingly [[Serbian Orthodox]]. As a consequence, ethnic/religious composition of town changed as well. Intermarriages and a desire to straddle the divide between the communities resulted at one point in a substantial part of the population declaring themselves as [[Yugoslavs]] rather than either Croats or Serbs (22% in 1981 census).
Population of the town from 1830 to 2011, based on religion, language and ethnicity was as follows:

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{| class="wikitable" style="; text-align: center;"
|+ '''Population structure by ethnicity 1948–2011'''
|-
! Year !! Total !! [[Serbs]] !! [[Croats]] !! [[Yugoslavs]] !! Other
|-
| '''2011''' || 10,633 || 1,429 (13.44%) || 9,001 (84.65%) || 0 (0%) || 203 (1.91%)
|-
| '''2001''' || 11,128 || 1,269 (11.40%) || 9,546 (85.78%) || 0 (0%) || 188 (1.68%)
|-
| '''1991''' || 12,331 || 9,867 (80.01%) || 1,660 (13.46%) || 381 (3.08%) || 423 (3.43%)
|-
| '''1981''' || 10,933 || 6,516 (59.59%) || 1,701 (15.55%) || 2,421 (22.14%) || 295 (2.69%)
|-
| '''1971''' || 7,300 || 4,972 (68.10%) || 1,686 (23.09%) || 343 (4.69%) || 299 (4.09%)
|-
| '''1961''' || 5,116 || 3,064 (59.89%) || 1,671 (32.66%) || 81 (1.58%) || 247 (4.82%)
|-
| '''1953''' || 3,542 || 2,015 (56.89%) || 1,297 (36.6%) || 0 (0%) || 230 (6.5%)
|-
| '''1948''' || 2,683 || 1,360 (50.69%) || 1,210 (45.10%) || 0 (0%) || 113 (4.21%)
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="; text-align: center;"
|+ '''Population structure by religion and language use 1830–1910'''
|-
! Year !! Total !! [[Catholic]] !! [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Orthodox]] !! [[Serbo-Croatian]] !! [[Italian people|Italian]] !! [[German people|German]] !! Other
|-
| '''1910'''<ref name=Dalmatien1910/> || 1,270 || 833 (65.60%) || 433 (34.09%) || 1,108 || 91 || 13 || 21
|-
| '''1900'''<ref name=Dalmatien/> || 1,302 || 835 (64.13%) || 467 (35.87%) || 1,107 || 114 || 6 || 15
|-
| '''1857'''<ref name=Dalm252/> || 1,039 || 785 (75.55%) || 254 (24.44%) || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A
|-
| '''1830'''<ref>Mithad Kozličić, Ante Bralić, Stanovništvo Kraljevine Dalmacije prema službenim izračunima i popisima 1828.-1857., p. 81</ref> || 644 || 518 (80.43%) || 126 (19.57%) || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A
|}

==Archeology==
The recently discovered Roman town ''[[Burnum]]'' is 18&nbsp;km away from Knin in direction of Kistanje. There are the remains of the biggest [[amphitheater]] in Dalmatia built in 77 AD, during the rule of Emperor [[Vespasian]] which could host 8,000 people.<ref name="Burnum">{{cite web|url=http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/ska/fragmenti/1/burnum.htm|title=.:: fragmenti ONLINE :::::::: f 1/I 2003. Burnum|author=Andrea Devlahović|access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>

The nearby villages [[Biskupija]] and [[Kapitul]] are extremely interesting archeological sites from the 10th century where many remains of medieval Croatian culture are found including churches, graves, decorations, and epigraphs.<ref name="Sv. Ante Knin">[http://www.franjevacki-samostan-knin.htnet.hr/vijesti.php?subaction=showfull&id=1089404320&archive=&start_from=&ucat=& Sv. Ante Knin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054336/http://www.franjevacki-samostan-knin.htnet.hr/vijesti.php?subaction=showfull&id=1089404320&archive=&start_from=&ucat=& |date=2007-06-10 }}</ref>

==Sport==

The most successful sports in Knin lately have been [[track and field]] and martial arts. The latter is particularly popular with two taekwondo clubs active. [[Matea Jelić]], Knin native (*1997) started practicing taekwando in Knin<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-26|title=Gloria - Bivši ljubavni par Matea Jelić i Toni Kanaet nekada su zajedno trenirali, a Tonijeva grubost, Mateu je dodatno jačala!|url=https://www.gloria.hr/gl/fokus/zvjezdane-staze/bivsi-ljubavni-par-matea-jelic-i-toni-kanaet-nekada-su-zajedno-trenirali-a-tonijeva-grubost-mateu-je-dodatno-jacala-15090871|access-date=2022-01-04|website=www.gloria.hr|language=hr-hr}}</ref> and later became [[Taekwondo at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Olympic champion]] in [[Taekwondo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 67 kg|67 kg]]. Track and field club "Sv. Ante" (St. Anthony) in Knin boasts Croatian 100m and [[200m Sprint|200m sprint]] as well as [[long jump]] national champion, Marko Čeko, who also won the [[Hanžeković Memorial|Hanžeković memorial in 2020]] in men's [[long jump]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marko Čeko kao Carl Lewis; hrvatski je prvak na 100 i 200 metara, a na Hanžeku je slavio u skoku u dalj|url=https://www.tportal.hr/sport/clanak/marko-ceko-kao-carl-lewis-hrvatski-je-prvak-na-100-i-200-metara-a-na-hanzeku-je-slavio-u-skoku-u-dalj-foto-20200915|access-date=2022-01-04|website=tportal.hr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-22|title=Atletičar Marko Čeko - "hrvatski Carl Lewis"|url=https://www1.wdr.de/radio/cosmo/programm/sendungen/radio-forum/sport/marko-ceko-102.html|access-date=2022-01-04|website=www1.wdr.de|language=de}}</ref>

The main football club in Knin is [[NK Dinara]], formed in 1913. NK Dinara's colours were black and white until 2005 when the club changed its colours to red, white and blue.<ref>{{Cite web|title=JEDAN KLUB – DVIJE MONOGRAFIJE {{!}} Časopis Prosvjeta|url=http://casopis.skd-prosvjeta.hr/jedan-klub-dvije-monografije/|access-date=2022-01-04|language=en-US}}</ref> NK Dinara plays in the 4th, lowest division in Croatia, [[Šibenik-Knin County]] League ([[1. Županijska liga Šibensko-kninska]]).

Knin has a sports association which was formed in 1998. [[Basketball]] is also popular in Knin with an amateur women's and men's club playing in lower tiers. The Croatian National basketball team has played a match in Knin. They played against [[Israel]] in 1999 where Croatia won the match 78:68. Other sports played in Knin are [[Rugby football|rugby]], [[team handball|handball]], [[volleyball]], [[kickboxing]], [[karate]], [[tennis]] and [[taekwondo]].

In 2007 the [[Croatia national rugby union team]] beat an Irish Barbarians side to win their first ever trophy, the St. Patrick's Day Cup organised by [[Alan Moore (sports administrator)|Alan Moore]] in Knin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vecernji.hr/vijesti/knin-ragbi-za-dan-sv-patricka-829238|title = Knin: Ragbi za Dan sv. Patricka}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/ofYJCmTahyE Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20170909131430/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofYJCmTahyE Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofYJCmTahyE| title = Rugby St. Patricks Day Knin Croatia-Ireland | website=[[YouTube]] | date = 26 May 2007 }}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==Transport==
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2015}}
[[File:Station Knin.JPG|thumb|right|Knin railway station building]]
The most important intercity roadway in Knin is the Croatian [[D1 (Croatia)|state route D1]]. The route makes for easy access of Knin from the major coastal city of [[Split (city)|Split]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2015}} The section of D1 from Knin to [[A1 (Croatia)|A1]] highway will be upgraded to the expressway level in following years (with [[B1 (Croatia)|B1]] expressway).

[[File:Željeznički-kolodvor-postaja-Knin-05082016-02-roberta-f.jpg|thumb|right|Knin railway station's platforms, notice the lack of catenary wires, and the presence of the poles only]]
Knin is also an important railway junction as the railroads from the rest of Dalmatia and its cities of [[Zadar]], [[Split (city)|Split]] and [[Šibenik railway station|Šibenik]] pass through Knin, going north to the capital city of Croatia, [[Zagreb]], via [[M604 railway (Croatia)|M604 railway]]. There are four lines meeting in Knin station: to [[Perković, Croatia|Perković]] (and then to Split or [[Šibenik railway station|Šibenik]]), to Zadar, to [[Ogulin]] (and onwards to [[Karlovac]], Zagreb) and to [[Martin Brod]] (and [[Bihać]], Sisak, Zagreb). Only the former three lines offer passenger transport. The latter route, Knin-Bihać-Zagreb, passes through Bosnian territory, crossing the border many times, thus it is not used for passenger transport since the beginning of the war in 1991. However, it is the shortest route between Knin and Zagreb, and as such was electrified in 1984 (the [[overhead line|catenary]] being subsequently destroyed by war operations in the early 1990s). [[Railway electrification system|Electrification]] had started from [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] inland towards the coast and had only reached Knin, so today the Knin station sidings are equipped with overhead catenary, but lines leaving the town are not.

==Towns and villages in the municipality==

In the 2021 census, the municipality contained the following [[naselja|settlements]]:<ref name="Census 2021"/>
* [[Golubić, Šibenik-Knin County|Golubić]], population 654
* '''Knin''', population 8,262
* [[Kninsko Polje]], population 758
* [[Kovačić, Croatia|Kovačić]], population 628
* [[Ljubač, Šibenik-Knin County|Ljubač]], population 51
* [[Oćestovo]], population 78
* [[Plavno, Croatia|Plavno]], population 121
* [[Polača, Šibenik-Knin County|Polača]], population 151
* [[Potkonje]], population 66
* [[Radljevac]], population 36
* [[Strmica, Croatia|Strmica]], population 160
* [[Vrpolje, Knin|Vrpolje]], population 159
* [[Žagrović]], population 509

==Notable people==
{{div col}}
* [[Ratko Adamović]] (b. 1942), Serbian writer
* [[Marija Ilić Agapova]] (1895–1984), Serbian librarian and translator
* [[Dragana Atlija]] (b. 1986), [[Miss Serbia]] 2009
* [[Milan Babić]] (1956–2006), 1st president of quasi-state [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]] and former mayor of Knin convicted for war crimes by [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia|ICTY]]
* [[Tina Barišić]] (b. 2000), Croatian [[handball]] player
* [[Nemanja Bezbradica]] (b. 1993), Serbian [[basketball]] player
* [[Darko Bjedov]] (b. 1989), Serbian [[footballer]]
* {{ill|Gojko Bjedov|sr}} (1913–1937), Yugoslav volunteer in the Spanish Civil War
* [[Kosta Bjedov]] (b. 1986), Serbian footballer
* [[Igor Bjelan]] (b. 1992), Serbian [[badminton]] player
* [[Valentina Blažević]] (b. 1994), Croatian [[handball]] player
* [[Milan Borjan]] (b. 1987), Canadian soccer player
* [[Dejan Borovnjak]] (b. 1986), Serbian basketball player
* [[Vladimir Buač]] (b. 1984), Croatian footballer and coach
* [[Frane Cota]] (1898–1951), Croatian sculptor at the [[1924 Summer Olympics]]
* [[Jovan Damjanović]] (b. 1982), Serbian footballer and football manager
* [[Milan Damjanović]] (1943–2006), Yugoslav–Serbian footballer
* [[Miloš Degenek]] (b. 1994), Australian footballer
* [[Milica Deura]] (b. 1990), Bosnian basketball player
* [[Ognjen Dobrić]] (b. 1994), Serbian basketball player
* [[Marta Drpa]] (b. 1989), Serbian [[volleyball]] player
* [[Momčilo Đujić]] (1907–1999), [[Serbian Orthodox]] priest and [[Chetnik]] commander convicted of [[war crimes]] in absentia by [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|SFRY]]
* [[Lazo Džepina]] (b. 1966), Croatian footballer and football manager
* [[Electra Elite]], Serbian singer and sex worker<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 March 2021|title=Elektra Elite: Bivši dečko me je uveo u prostituciju|url=https://tracara.com/elektra-elite-trans-pevacica-prostitucija/|url-status=live|access-date=23 August 2021|website=Tračara|language=sr-RS|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316080124/https://tracara.com/elektra-elite-trans-pevacica-prostitucija/ |archive-date=2021-03-16 }}</ref>
* [[Božena Erceg]] (b. 1981), Croatian basketball player
* [[Branko Grčić]] (b. 1964), Croatian politician and economist
* [[Aleksandar Gugleta]] (b. 1991), Serbian handball player
* [[Marko Jelić]] (b. 1976), Croatian biology professor and former mayor of Knin
* [[Matea Jelić]] (b. 1997), Croatian [[taekwondo]] athlete
* [[Vojin Jelić]] (1921–2004), Croatian writer and poet
* [[Drago Kovačević]] (1953–2019), Serbian politician and writer and former mayor of Knin
* [[Leon Kreković]] (b. 2000), Croatian footballer
* [[Sava Lešić]] (b. 1988), Serbian basketball player
* [[Sasa Macura]] (b. 1991), Australian footballer
* [[Sanda Malešević]] (b. 1994), Serbian footballer
* [[Ljubomir Marić]] (b. 1977), Serbian and Kosovar politician
* [[Arsen Marjan]] (b. 1975), Serbian footballer
* [[Mirko Marjanović]] (1937–2006), former [[prime minister of Serbia]]
* [[Milan Martić]] (b. 1954), 3rd president of [[quasi-state]] Republic of Serbian Krajina convicted of war crimes by ICTY
* [[Bojan Miljuš]] (b. 1994), Serbian footballer
* [[Branko Miljuš]] (b. 1960), Croatian footballer
* [[Dejan Miljuš]] (b. 1994), Serbian footballer
* [[Lovro Monti]] (1835–1898), [[Dalmatian Italians|Dalmatian Italian]] politician
* [[Miloš Perišić]] (b. 1995), Serbian footballer
* [[Ilija Petković]] (1945–2020), Serbian footballer and football manager
* [[Zdravko Ponoš]] (b. 1962), Serbian politician, diplomat and retired general
* [[Hrvoje Požar]] (1916–1991), Croatian engineer
* [[Milan Pršo]] (b. 1990), Serbian footballer
* [[Jovan Radulović]] (1951–2018), Serbian writer
* [[Jovan Rašković]] (1929–1992), Croatian Serb psychiatrist and politician
* [[Josipa Rimac]] (b. 1980), former mayor of Knin
* [[Ljubomir Ristovski]] (b. 1969), Serbian footballer and football manager 
* [[Bojan Sanković]] (b. 1993), Montenegrin footballer
* [[Anja Šimpraga]] (b. 1987), current [[deputy prime minister of Croatia]]
* [[Dinko Šimunović]] (1873–1933), Croatian writer
* [[Dalibor Škorić]] (b. 1971), Serbian footballer
* [[Dejan Sorgić]] (b. 1989), Swiss footballer
* [[Miloš Tintor]] (b. 1986), Serbian footballer
* [[Janko Veselinović (lawyer)|Janko Veselinović]] (b. 1965), Serbian lawyer and professor of law
* [[Mladen Veselinović (Serbian footballer)|Mladen Veselinović]] (b. 1992), Serbian footballer
* [[Vojislav Vranjković]] (b. 1983), Serbian footballer
* [[Soraja Vučelić]] (b. 1986), Serbian–[[Montenegro|Montenegrin]] model
* [[Radomir Vukčević]] (1941–2014), Yugoslav footballer
* [[Marija Vuković]] (b. 1992), Montenegrin [[high jumper]]
* [[Dušan Zelenbaba]] (b. 1952), Croatian physician and politician
* [[Vladimir Zelenbaba]] (b. 1982), Serbian footballer
* [[Nemanja Zelenović]] (b. 1990), Serbian handball player
* [[Milan Zorica]] (b. 1992), Serbian footballer
{{div col end}}

==Twin town==
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Zugló]], Hungary, ''since'' 2016

==See also==
{{Portal|Croatia}}
* [[Church of Saint Anthony, Knin]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
*{{cite web|ref={{harvid|ICJ|3 February 2015}}|title=Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia v. Serbia)|url=http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/118/18422.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213060252/http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/118/18422.pdf|archive-date=13 December 2016}}
*{{cite web|ref={{harvid|HRW|1996}}|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/c/croatia/croatia968.pdf|title=Croatia: Impunity for abuses committed during "Operation Storm" and the denial of the right of refugees to return to the Krajina|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|date=August 1996}}
* {{cite book |last1=Dizdar |first1=Zdravko |last2=Sobolevski |first2=Mihajlo |year=1999 |title=Prešućivani četnički zločini u Hrvatskoj i u Bosni i Hercegovini 1941–1945 |trans-title=Suppressed Chetnik Crimes in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina 1941–1945 |publisher=Croatian Institute of History |location=Zagreb |isbn=978-953-6491-28-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FfBmAAAAMAAJ}}
*{{cite journal|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/103458|title=O položaju kninske katedrale|last=Gunjača|first=Stjepan|volume=III|issue=1|date=June 1949|journal=Starohrvatska Prosvjeta|pages=38–86|publisher=[[Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments]]|location=Knin|language=hr|format=PDF|access-date=11 February 2017}}
*{{cite journal|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/100133|title=Tiniensia archaeologica historica topographica II.|last=Gunjača|first=Stjepan|date=September 1960|journal=Starohrvatska Prosvjeta|volume=III|issue=7|pages=7–142|publisher=[[Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments]]|location=Knin|language=hr|format=PDF|access-date=13 December 2016}}
*{{cite journal|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/118625|title=Predantički toponimi u današnjoj (i povijesnoj) Hrvatskoj|trans-title=Pre-Roman placenames in present-day (and historical) Croatia|journal=Folia onomastica Croatica|issue=22|date=March 2013|pages=147–214|last=Šimunović|first=Petar|author-link=Petar Šimunović|publisher=[[Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts]]|location=Zagreb|language=hr|format=PDF|access-date=18 January 2016}}

==Further reading==
*{{Cite thesis|title=Utjecaj migracija na kretanje broja stanovnika grada Knina 1991.-2011. |url=https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:162:520398|publisher=University of Zadar. Department of Geography.|date=2017-07-14 |degree=master's|first=Ana|last=Jurić}}
*{{Cite journal|last=Lejeau|first=Nicolas|date=2005|title=Le nettoyage ethnique en ex-Yougoslavie: le cas de la Krajina de Knin |journal=Revue Géographique de l'Est|language=fr|volume=45|issue=1|pages=45–53 |doi=10.4000/rge.597|issn=0035-3213|doi-access=free}}
*Mrđen, S., & Jurić, A. (2018). [https://morepress.unizd.hr/journals/geoadria/article/view/1499?lang=en_US The effect of war and post-war migrations on the demographic composition of the Town of Knin (1991-2011).] ''Geoadria, 23''(1), 85-122. https://doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.1499
*{{Cite thesis|title=Demografski izazovi i rješenja na primjeru Zadarske i Šibensko-kninske županije |url=https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:162:695687|publisher=University of Zadar. Department of Geography.|date=2018-10-11 |degree=master's|first=Branko|last=Bradaš}}
*{{Cite journal|last=Mrduljaš|first=Saša|date=2015|title=Brojčani i teritorijalni suodnos Hrvata i Srba u Dalmaciji prije suvremenih migracija |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/149127|journal=Polemos: Časopis za interdisciplinarna istraživanja rata i mira|language=hr |volume=XVIII |issue=35 |pages=47–73|issn=1331-5595}}
* {{cite journal |date=2016-12-31 |first1=Martina |last1=Šašić |first2=Ana |last2=Nahirnić |first3=Gerhard M. |last3=Tarmann |title=Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) in the Lepidoptera collections of the Croatian Natural History Museum |pages=233–248 |doi=10.20302/NC.2016.25.19 |journal=Natura Croatica: Periodicum Musei Historiae Naturalis Croatici |eissn=1848-7386 |volume=25 |issue=2|doi-access=free }}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website|http://www.knin.hr/}} {{in lang|hr}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080309220125/http://infoadriatic.com/ Tourist information about Knin area]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050413225738/http://www.croatia.hr/destinations/destinations.aspx?id_destination=59 National Tourist Board about Knin]

{{Subdivisions of Šibenik-Knin County}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Knin| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Croatia]]
[[Category:Roman towns and cities in Croatia]]
[[Category:11th century in Croatia]]
[[Category:Former capitals of Croatia]]
[[Category:Capitals of former nations]]
[[Category:Populated places in Šibenik-Knin County]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Dalmatia]]