View source for Kooikerhondje

{{Infobox dog breed
| name           = Kooikerhondje
| image          = Kooiker03.jpg
| image_alt      = 
| image_caption  = A two-year-old Kooikerhondje
| altname        = {{hlist
  | Kooiker
  | Nederlandse Kooikerhondje
  | Dutch Spaniel
  | Dutch Decoy Spaniel
  | Decoy dog
  }}
| nickname       = 
| stock          = 
| country        = [[Netherlands]]
<!----- Traits ----->
| height         = 
| maleheight     = 
| femaleheight   = 
| weight         = 
| maleweight     = 
| femaleweight   = 
| coat           = 
| colour         = 
| litter_size    = 
<!-- | life_span      = 8–15 years -->
<!----- Kennel club standards ----->
| kc_name        = [[Dutch Kennel Club]]
| kc_std         = https://www.houdenvanhonden.nl/hondenrassen/alle-rassen/fci-groep-2/hollandse-smoushond/
| kc2_name       = [[American Kennel Club]]
| kc2_std        = https://images.akc.org/pdf/breeds/standards/Standard_Nederlandse_Kooikerhondje.pdf
| fcistd         = http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/314g08-en.pdf
}}

The '''Kooikerhondje'''{{Efn|{{IPA|nl|koːi̯kərhɔɲcə}}; roughly translating to "decoy dog" in [[Dutch language|Dutch]]<ref name="Reisen-2024">{{Cite web |date=February 9, 2024 |title=Facts About the Nederlandse Kooikerhondje That You May Not Know |url=https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/dog-breeds/fun-facts-nederlandse-kooikerhondje/ |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=[[American Kennel Club]] |language=en}}</ref>}} is a small [[spaniel]]-type [[dog breed]] of Dutch ancestry that was originally used as a [[working dog]], particularly in a [[Duck decoy (structure)|decoy]] to lure [[ducks]]. The breed dates back to the 16th century and makes frequent appearances in paintings from the [[Dutch Golden Age painting|Dutch Golden Age]].

==Description==

===Appearance===
The Kooikerhondje is a small, spaniel-like sporting dog. Originally bred in the Netherlands as a duck hunting dog, it has a white plumed tail for the purpose of attracting ducks.<ref name="Reisen-2024" />

The preferred height at the withers is {{convert|40|cm|in}} for males and {{convert|38|cm|in}} for females.<ref name="AKC" /> The [[Fédération Cynologique Internationale|FCI]] standard allows a range of {{convert|38|to|41|cm|in}} for males, and {{convert|36|to|39|cm|in}} for females.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nederlandse Kooikerhondje |url=http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/314g08-en.pdf |access-date=7 February 2024 |website=Fédération Cynologique Internationale}}</ref> The breed has a wavy, medium-length double coat,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nederlandse Kooikerhondje - Dog Breed Information |url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/nederlandse-kooikerhondje/ |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=American Kennel Club |language=en}}</ref> and its coloration is white and orange-red.<ref name="AKC">{{Cite web |title=Nederlandse Kooikerhondje |url=https://images.akc.org/pdf/breeds/standards/Standard_Nederlandse_Kooikerhondje.pdf |access-date=24 July 2018 |website=American Kennel Club}}</ref> Some Kooikerhondjes have black ear tips, which are referred to as "earrings".<ref name="Reisen-2024" />

===Health===
A number of heritable diseases have been identified in the Kooikerhondje, including [[inflammatory myopathy]],<ref name="Opmeer-2023">{{Cite journal |last1=Opmeer |first1=Yvet |last2=Grinwis |first2=Guy C. M. |last3=Shelton |first3=G. Diane |last4=Rosati |first4=Marco |last5=Alf |first5=Vanessa |last6=Fieten |first6=Hille |last7=Leegwater |first7=Peter A. J. |last8=Matiasek |first8=Kaspar |last9=Mandigers |first9=Paul J. J. |date=2023-04-29 |title=An Inflammatory Myopathy in the Dutch Kooiker Dog |journal=Animals |publisher=MDPI AG |volume=13 |issue=9 |page=1508 |doi=10.3390/ani13091508 |issn=2076-2615 |pmc=10177195 |pmid=37174546 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Type III [[von Willebrand's disease]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Slappendel |first1=R.J. |last2=Beijer |first2=E.G.M. |last3=van Leeuwen |first3=M. |year=1998 |title=Type III von Willebrand's disease in Dutch kooiker dogs |journal=Veterinary Quarterly |publisher=Informa UK Limited |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=93–97 |doi=10.1080/01652176.1998.9694847 |issn=0165-2176 |pmid=9684296}}</ref> [[Necrosis|necrotising]] [[myelopathy]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mandigers |first1=P.J.J. |last2=van Nes |first2=J.J. |last3=Knol |first3=B.W. |last4=Ubbink |first4=G.J. |last5=Gruys |first5=E. |year=1993 |title=Hereditary necrotising myelopathy in Kooiker dogs |journal=Research in Veterinary Science |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=118–123 |doi=10.1016/0034-5288(93)90020-g |issn=0034-5288 |pmid=8434139}}</ref> [[renal dysplasia]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Schulze |first1=C. |last2=Meyer |first2=H.P. |last3=Blok |first3=A.L. |last4=Schipper |first4=K. |last5=van den Ingh |first5=T.S.G.A.M. |year=1998 |title=Renal dysplasia in three young adult dutch kooiker dogs |journal=Veterinary Quarterly |publisher=Informa UK Limited |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=146–148 |doi=10.1080/01652176.1998.9694861 |issn=0165-2176 |pmid=9810631}}</ref> [[patellar luxation]],<ref name="Wangdee-2014">{{Cite journal |last1=Wangdee |first1=C. |last2=Leegwater |first2=P.A.J. |last3=Heuven |first3=H.C.M. |last4=van Steenbeek |first4=F.G. |last5=Meutstege |first5=F.J. |last6=Meij |first6=B.P. |last7=Hazewinkel |first7=H.A.W. |year=2014 |title=Prevalence and genetics of patellar luxation in Kooiker dogs |journal=The Veterinary Journal |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=201 |issue=3 |pages=333–337 |doi=10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.036 |issn=1090-0233 |pmid=24986317}}</ref> and [[ataxia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=PJ |first1=Mandigers |last2=JJ |first2=van Nes |last3=BW |first3=Knol |last4=GJ |first4=Ubbink |last5=E |first5=Gruys |date=1993 |title=Hereditary Kooiker dog ataxia |journal=Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde |publisher=Tijdschr Diergeneeskd |volume=118 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=65S |issn=0040-7453 |pmid=8480326 }}</ref> A Dutch study of 842 Kooikerhondjes found that patellar luxation was prevalent in 24% of dogs scanned. During the time period of the study — which started in 1994 and ended in 2011 — the prevalence of the condition fell from 28% to 19%, although the prevalence is still higher than for other spaniel dogs.<ref name="Wangdee-2014" />

==History==
[[File:Jan Steen - 'As the Old Sing, So Pipe the Young' - 742 - Mauritshuis.jpg|thumb|The painting ''[[As the Old Sing, So Pipe the Young (Jan Steen)|As the Old Sing, So Pipe the Young]]'' by [[Jan Steen]] features a Kooikerhondje.]]

The Kooikerhondje was developed in the Netherlands sometime around the 16th century in order to lure ducks into [[Duck decoy (structure)|duck decoys]] where hunters could easily catch the fowl. The hunting style of the Kooikerhondje was inspired by foxes, as Dutch hunters realized ducks were enticed by foxes playing near water, as long as they did not make eye contact.<ref name="Reisen-2024" />

The Kooikerhondje frequently appears in paintings by [[Dutch masters]] such as [[Jan Steen]], [[Rembrandt]], and [[Johannes Vermeer]].<ref name="Reisen-2024" /> The breed is believed to be an ancestor of the [[Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever]].<ref name="Reisen-2024" />

The breed almost became extinct during [[World War II]] until Baroness van Hardenbroek van Ammerstol rescued it. The breed was not officially recognized by the [[Dutch Kennel Club]] until 1971<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-29 |title=Vereniging Het Nederlandse Kooikerhondje |url=https://www.kooikerhondje.nl/?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=68&lang=nl |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Vereniging Het Nederlandse Kooikerhondje |language=nl}}</ref> and has since been imported into other countries and recognized officially. In January 2013, [[the Kennel Club]] announced it was reclassifying the Kooikerhondje from the [[gun dog]] group to the utility group effective from January 2014. The decision was reached after discussions with the British breed clubs and unanimous agreement was achieved.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kooikerhondje moves to utility |url=http://www.dogworld.co.uk/product.php/86324 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101024312/http://www.dogworld.co.uk/product.php/86324 |archive-date=1 November 2013 |access-date=17 January 2013 |publisher=Dog World}}</ref>

The Kooikerhondje was recognized by the [[American Kennel Club]] in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-10 |title=Dog meet dog: American Kennel Club adds 2 breeds to roster |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-c10f0fefeaf44251bf7678b4966922bd |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> The breed gained fame in the United States in the 2020s, in part due to [[Decoy Ohtani]], a Kooikerhondje owned by baseball player [[Shohei Ohtani]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-01 |title=Meet Decoy Ohtani, perhaps the most valuable pet of the World Series |url=https://apnews.com/article/decoy-shohei-ohtani-dog-dodgers-world-series-a14dfd0faae2aad9cfd557ebc89638f7 |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Dogs|Netherlands}}

* [[List of dog breeds]]
* [[Waterfowl hunting]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<!---ref name=Alderton>{{cite book |last=Alderton |first=David |author-link=David Alderton |date=2008 |title=The encyclopedia of dogs |location=Bath |publisher=Parragon Books Ltd |page=253 |isbn=978-1-4454-0853-8}}</ref--->

<!---ref name=Fogle>{{cite book |last=Fogle |first=Bruce |author-link=Bruce Fogle|date=2009 |title=The encyclopedia of the dog |location=New York |publisher=DK Publishing |page=198 |isbn=978-0-7566-6004-8 }}</ref--->

<!---ref name=Hudson>{{cite book |last=Hudson |first=David |date=1995 |title=The shooting man's dog: a complete guide to gundogs |location=Shrewsbury |publisher=Swan Hill Press |page=72 |isbn=1-85310-560-0 }}</ref--->

<!---ref name=Morris>{{cite book |last=Morris |first=Desmond |author-link=Desmond Morris |date=2001 |title=Dogs: the ultimate dictionary of over 1,000 dog breeds |location=North Pomfret, VT|publisher=Trafalgar Square Publishing |pages=282–283 |isbn=1-57076-219-8}}</ref--->

<!---ref name="RvB">[http://www.raadvanbeheer.nl/en/purebred-dogs/dutch-breeds/ Raad van Beheer] (EN), Dutch Kennel Club</ref--->
	
<!---ref name="FSS">[http://www.akc.org/breeds/fss_breeds.cfm Foundation Stock Service] (EN), American Kennel Club Foundation Stock Service</ref--->
}}

==External links==
* {{Commons-inline}}

{{Gundogs}}
{{Dutch dogs}}

[[Category:FCI breeds]]
[[Category:Dog breeds originating in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Rare dog breeds]]
[[Category:Spaniels]]