View source for Koss Corporation

{{Short description|American company specializing in audio equipment}}
{{Lead too short|date=August 2010}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Koss Corporation
| logo = Koss Corporation logo.svg
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{NASDAQ|KOSS}}
| foundation = {{start date and age|1953}}
| location = [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]]
| area_served = Worldwide
| num_employees = 31<ref>{{cite web |title=SEC Filing {{!}} Koss Corporation |url=https://investors.koss.com/node/10871/html#Business:~:text=As%20of%20June%C2%A030%2C%202023%2C%20the%20Company%20employed%2031%C2%A0non%2Dunion%20employees |website=investors.koss.com |date=June 20, 2023}}</ref> (2023)
| industry = [[Electronics]]
| homepage = {{URL|koss.com}}
}}
[[Image:Koss PortaPro.jpg|thumb|Koss Porta Pro headphones]]
[[File:Koss Pro 4AA headphones.jpg|thumb|upright|Koss Pro/4AA headphones]]

'''Koss Corporation''' is a [[corporation|company]] in [[Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]], US that manufactures [[headphones]]. The company created the first [[High fidelity|high-fidelity]] stereo headphones in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web|title = The History of Headphones {{!}} Cool Material|url = http://coolmaterial.com/roundup/history-of-headphones/|website = coolmaterial.com|accessdate = 2015-09-10}}</ref>

== History ==
{{more citations needed section|date=August 2015}}
John C. Koss founded the '''J.C. Koss Hospital Television Rental Company''' in 1953.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Koss Corporation History|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/koss-corporation-history/|access-date=9 June 2020|website=fundinguniverse}}</ref> After a short time Koss was looking for new ideas, and partnered with Martin Lange to eventually develop a stereo headphone. Based in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]], United States, in 1991 Koss Audio & Video Electronics started producing and selling consumer electronics products as a separate company in [[Hazelwood, Missouri]], United States. The Koss family owns more than 75% of the firm.

Having only a high school education, John C. Koss worked with Lange, an engineer, to develop the headphone that launched the company almost by accident, as they came upon the headphone idea as a result of an attempt to market a portable phonograph.<ref name="nationsbusiness1990">{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_n8_v78/ai_9237565 |work=Nation's Business |title=Life after near-death - Koss Corp. near bankruptcy |first=Michael |last=Barrier |year=1990 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220035819/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_n8_v78/ai_9237565 |archive-date=2008-02-20 }}</ref> What made this product unique was the privacy switch feature, which gave listeners the opportunity to listen to the first Koss SP/3 Stereophones. Initially, the product's purpose was to demonstrate to consumers the high-fidelity stereo sound of the portable phonograph.<ref name="wisconsinhistory.org">{{Cite web|title = John C. Koss Receives Wisconsin History Maker Award {{!}} Wisconsin Historical Society|url = http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=N:4294963828-4294963805&dsRecordDetails=R:CS524|website = www.wisconsinhistory.org| date=9 May 2007 |access-date = 2015-09-10}}</ref>

Until then headphones had only been used in communications applications. In 1958 the design was introduced at a hi-fi trade show in Milwaukee, and audiences approved of it. Soon after the trade show, Koss went into business manufacturing and marketing stereophones from his basement apartment. The technology was imitated by competing manufacturers.<ref name="wisconsinhistory.org"/>

In the early 1970s, Koss worked out of two locations near each other. One was Koss TV-Rental, which also did electronics and musical instrument repairs; the second was the main facility two blocks to the east. At this time, Koss pioneered the high-end "electro-static" "ES series" headphone market. These headphones set the standard for wide-range frequency response. Being very durable, they required service for wear and tear on cords and earpads during their lifespan, by K&M Electronics (Klenworth & Midwest based in Minneapolis), working out of the TV Rental location. Koss headphones were easy and cost-effective to repair. At this site, a separate garage was set up to support the musical instrument and electronics repair business. The TV rental and repair site was managed by John's brother Pete Koss. Eventually, Koss dominated the headphone market, competing mainly with Telex. Koss was considered a higher quality unit at the time, offering a wide line of models.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

In the late 1970s, to accommodate rapid growth, Koss moved to its present location on the north side of Milwaukee.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}

in the 1980s, Koss tried to diversify, unsuccessfully, into related areas of electronics; in 1984 the company filed for bankruptcy protection after a net loss that year of US$6 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|6|1984|r=2}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation/year|US}}). Koss emerged from [[Chapter 11]] bankruptcy proceedings in 1985.<ref name="nationsbusiness1990"/>

In 1991, Michael J. Koss, son of founder John C. Koss, took over as president and chief executive officer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=283452&privcapId=283448|title=Michael J. Koss: Executive Profile & Biography|website=Bloomberg|access-date=2017-12-06}}</ref>

In December 2009, former vice president of finance Sujata "Sue" Sachdeva was charged in federal court with [[wire fraud]] after the firm discovered her [[embezzlement]] of US$34 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|34|2009|r=2}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation/year|US}}), and sentenced to eleven years in federal prison,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna40245372 | publisher=NBC News |title=Ex-Koss exec gets 11 years for $34 million embezzlement | date=18 November 2010 }}</ref> of which she served six years.<ref name="release">{{cite news |url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/money/business/2017/04/06/sachdeva-out-prison-after-serving-six-years-stealing-34-million-koss-corp/100129710/ |title=Sachdeva out of prison after serving six years for stealing $34 million from Koss Corp. |newspaper=[[Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel]] |date=April 6, 2017 |last=Spivak |first=Cary |access-date=2018-01-17 }}</ref> Koss was forced to restate five years of financials.<ref name="fs">{{cite web |url=http://goingconcern.com/koss-files-restated-financial-statements-just-in-the-nick-of-time/ |title=Koss Files Restated Financial Statements, Just in the Nick of Time |publisher=goingconcern |last=Newquist |first=Caleb |date=July 1, 2010 |access-date=2018-01-17 }}</ref> It was able to recoup over US$12 million from its former auditor, from Sachdeva's credit card company, and by auctioning Sachdeva's stolen merchandise.<ref name="release"/>

In 2020, Koss sued Apple, Bose, JLAB Audio, Plantronics Inc., and Skullcandy for patent infringement.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/money/business/2020/07/23/koss-charges-apple-bose-and-three-others-patent-infringement-lawsuits/5494084002/ | title=Headphone maker Koss Corp. Sues Apple, Bose and three others for patent infringement }}</ref> In July 2022 Koss and Apple reached a settlement for an undisclosed amount regarding the alleged patent infringement on Koss' intellectual property. <ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/apple-koss-settle-wireless-headphone-patent-fight-before-trial-2022-07-25/ | title=Apple, Koss settle wireless-headphone patent fight before trial | newspaper=Reuters | date=25 July 2022 | last1=Brittain | first1=Blake }}</ref>

During the 2021 [[GameStop short squeeze]], the executives and directors of Koss earned US$40 million by selling company stock. This was more than the value of the Koss Corporation at the end of 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hauer|first=Sarah|date=February 4, 2021|title=Koss family got $32 million from Reddit-fueled stock market frenzy -- more than the company was worth at the end of 2020|work=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]|url=https://www.jsonline.com/story/money/business/2021/02/04/koss-family-got-32-million-reddit-fueled-stock-market-frenzy/4383792001/|access-date=}}</ref>

== Products ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Product
!Description
!Year released
|-
|SP/3
|The World's First Stereophone
|1958
|-
|Pro4 Stereophones
|Elected #1 by ''Consumer Union'' Magazine in 1963
|1962
|-
|Beatlephone
|Beatles Tribute Stereophone
|1966
|-
|ESP/6
|The first self-energizing electrostatic stereophone
|1968
|-
|Pro4AA
|Featured a speaker system specially designed for dynamic stereophones
|1970
|-
|HV1A
|The first dynamic stereophone to deliver all 10 audible octaves
|1974
|-
|Porta Pro
|Portable "high-end supra-aural stereophone model"
|1984
|-
|JCK/300 Kordless Stereophone System
|Cordless stereophone system with infrared technology
|1989
|-
|ESP/950
|Electrostatic, complemented by the E/90 amp<ref>{{Cite web |last=Guttenberg |first=Steve |title=The Koss ESP-950 headphone dazzles the Audiophiliac |url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/the-koss-esp-950-headphone-dazzles-the-audiophiliac/ |access-date=2023-04-17 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref>
|1990
|-
|QZ1000
|Quiet zone noise reduction stereophone
|1993
|-
|KSC35
|Earclip stereophone 
|1995
|-
|The Plug
|Plug in-ear earphone
|1999
|-
|Sporta Pro
|Tilting headband reduces hair/hat interference, based on Porta Pro
|1999
|-
|QZ/5
|Provides isolation from all types of outside noise, high and mid frequency
|2000
|-
|UR/20
|Incorporated a neodymium, rare earth magnet and 16-micron mylar diaphragm for deep bass and treble clarity
|2000
|-
|KTXPro1
|Rubber headband
|2002
|-
|UR40
|Foldable headphones
|2002
|-
|KSC75
|Earclip headphones
|2004
|-
|CC_01
|Earphones with adjustable, in-ear fit.
|2009
|-
|KDE250
|Adjustable earclip headphones
|2009
|-
|FitClips
|Earclip activewear headphones designed for women
|2010
|-
|Striva
|World's first Wi-Fi headphones
|2012
|-
|BT540i
|Wireless headphones with [[Bluetooth]] [[aptX codec]]
|2014
|-
|SP Series: SP540 and SP330
|Designed specifically for personal listening
|2014
|-
|Pro4S
|Professional studio headphones
|2014
|-
|UR23i
|Headphones with D-Profile design, In-line one-touch microphone, and tangle-resistant flat cable
|2015
|-
|KPH14
|Side-firing headphones for active lifestyles
|2015
|-
|KEB25i
|Headphones with a dynamic element positioned just outside the ear, connected to a tubular port structure that inserts into an expandable cushion
|2015
|-
|BT539i
|Headphones with D-Profile design, Bluetooth
|2017
|-
|KPH30i
|Pro35/KTXPro1 inspired
|2017
|-
|PortaPro Wireless
|In-line mic, onboard controls, wireless
|2018
|-
|Noise Canceling QZ Buds
|Monitor mode switch deactivates noise cancelling
|2018
|-
|CS300 USB
|Flexible mic, electret mic
|2018
|-
|Utility Series
|KPH40, KEB90, and PortPro with detachable cables
|2021
|-
|PortaPro Wireless 2.0
|Built-in mic, onboard controls, wireless, utilizes dual steel headband to carry audio signals
|2024
|-
|KPH30 Wireless
|Built-in mic, onboard controls, wireless, modified design for durability
|2025
|}

Koss headphones were also sold in [[RadioShack]] stores under their own brand. The Koss Plug and Koss Spark Plug are in-ear passive noise-isolating earphones; they can be adapted to take the high-end Etymotics ear tip, becoming  the "Koss Hybrid". Other models include the  Koss Porta Pro and well-regarded budget-priced headphones including the KSC series.<ref>[http://www.headphone.com/products/headphones/all-headphones/koss-ksc-75.php Koss KSC 75 @ HeadRoom - Right Between Your Ears<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Since 1989, all headphones manufactured in North America by KOSS come with a limited lifetime warranty covering normal use by the initial owner.<ref>{{cite web | title=Warranty Repair | website=Koss Stereophones | date=7 February 2019 | url=https://koss.com/pages/warranty-repair}}</ref> Returning to the pre-Koss use of headphones, Koss produces communications headsets with microphone.<ref>{{cite web | title=Communication Headsets | website=Koss Stereophones| url=https://koss.com/collections/headsets-gaming-headphones | access-date=8 February 2023}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==
{{Refbegin}}
* Bednarek, David I., 'Koss Corp. May Be Suffering from Wall Street's Low Interest,' Milwaukee Journal, September 1, 1991.
* {{cite news |title=Koss Effective: An Interview With the Man Who Gave Us Stereo Headphones |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_boston-phoenix_1981-05-26_10_21/page/n99/mode/1up |access-date=28 March 2024 |work=The Boston Phoenix |date=26 May 1981}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Companies}}
* {{Official website|http://www.koss.com/}}

{{Milwaukee Based Companies}}

[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Milwaukee]]
[[Category:Audio equipment manufacturers of the United States]]
[[Category:Headphones manufacturers]]
[[Category:Electronics companies established in 1953]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nasdaq]]
[[Category:1953 establishments in Wisconsin]]
[[Category:American brands]]
[[Category:Meme stocks]]