View source for Krk

{{Short description|Island in Croatia}}
{{Other uses|KRK (disambiguation){{!}}KRK}}
{{Redirect|Veglia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox islands
| name             = Krk
| image_name       = Bascanska draga 07.jpg
| image_caption    = Bašćanska Draga
| image_size       =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-stroke-width = 1
| map_caption      = 
| native_name      =
| native_name_link = Croatian
| nickname         =
| location         = [[Adriatic Sea]]
| coordinates      = {{coord|45|4|N|14|36|E|type:isle_region:HR_scale:250000|display=inline,title}}
| archipelago      =
| total_islands    =
| major_islands    =
| area_km2         = 405.80
| highest_mount    = [[Obzova]]
| elevation_m      = 568
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="yearbook">{{Croatia Yearbook 2015|page=47}}</ref>
| country          = Croatia
| country_admin_divisions_title     = [[Counties of Croatia|County]]
| country_admin_divisions           = [[Primorje-Gorski Kotar County|Primorje-Gorski Kotar]]
| country_largest_city              = [[Krk (town)|Krk]]
| country_largest_city_population   =
6,816
| population       = 19,916
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_footnotes = <ref name="yearbook"/>
| density_km2      = 44
| ethnic_groups    =
| additional_info  =
}}

'''Krk''' ({{IPA|sh|kr̩̂k|pron}}; {{langx|it|Veglia}}; {{langx|ruo|Krk}}; {{langx|dlm|label=[[Dalmatian language|Vegliot Dalmatian]]|Vikla}}; archaic German: ''Vegl'', {{langx|la|Curicta}}; {{langx|grc|Κύρικον|Kyrikon}}) is a [[Croatia]]n island in the northern [[Adriatic Sea]], located near [[Rijeka]] in the [[Bay of Kvarner]] and part of [[Primorje-Gorski Kotar county]]. Krk is tied with [[Cres]] as the largest Adriatic island, depending on the methodology used to measure the [[Coastline paradox|coastline]].<ref name="Duplancic-Cala-Ujevic">
{{cite journal
| url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/9636
| title=Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000
| journal=Geoadria
| location=Zadar
| volume=9
| issue=1
| pages=5–32
| date=June 2004
| last1=Duplančić Leder 
| first1=Tea
| last2=Ujević
| first2=Tin
| last3=Čala
| first3=Mendi
| doi=10.15291/geoadria.127
| access-date=2019-12-01
| doi-access=free
}}</ref> Krk is the most populous [[island in the Adriatic]], with multiple towns and villages that contain a total of 19,916 (2021) inhabitants.

== History ==

=== Prehistory ===
[[File:Krk location map.png|thumb|left|Map]]
Archaeological findings indicate that the island was inhabited continuously since the [[Neolithic]] period, although very little information about the earliest people is known. In later periods, Greek and Latin sources refer to {{lang|grc|Κύριστα}} ([[Ancient Greek]]) or {{lang|la|Curicta}} ([[Latin language|Latin]]) as one of the Apsyrtidian or Electridian islands held by the people known as [[Liburnians]]. The Liburnians called the island "Curicum", which is the name assumed to have been given to the island by its original inhabitants.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Krk|last=Kipicic|first=Viktor|publisher=Graficki zavod Hrvatske|year=1978|location=Zagreb}}</ref>

There are the remains of prehistoric settlements near [[Draga Bašćanska]], as well as [[Bronze Age|Bronze]] and [[Iron Age]] earthworks near [[Malinska]], [[Dobrinj]], [[Vrbnik]] and [[Baška, Croatia|Baška]].<ref name="petar">{{cite book |last1=Trinajstic |first1=Petar |title=Grad i otok |date=2002 |location=Rijeka |isbn=9539810094 |url=http://www.trinajstic.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/petar-trinajstic-grad-i-otok-krk_v2.pdf |language=HR}}</ref>
[[File:Brücke Krk-Festland.JPG|thumb|[[Krk Bridge]]]]

=== Roman era ===
Krk came under Roman rule once they defeated the Liburnians. The [[Krk (town)|town of Krk]] (Curicum) became a town with [[Italic law]] whose status evolved to give it the rights of a [[municipium|municipality]]. Nothing is known about the internal organizations of the town of Krk during this time. Near the present-day Franciscan monastery, the remains of [[Roman baths|thermal baths]] have been found. The defensive walls of Roman Curicum were among the most secure of all the towns on the Eastern Adriatic fortified by the Romans. Work began on their construction during the [[Caesar's civil war|Civil War]] in Rome (50 BCE) and they were further strengthened in the 160s CE, to enable them to withstand attacks by the [[Quadi]] and [[Marcomanni]] who were at that time threatening the Adriatic. Not far from Krk in 49 BCE there was a [[Siege of Curicta|decisive sea battle]] between [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] and Pompey, which was described impressively by the Roman writer [[Lucan]] (39–65 CE) in his work ''[[Pharsalia]]''.<ref name="Naprijed">{{cite book |publisher=Naklada Naprijed |year=2003 |title=The Croatian Adriatic Tourist Guide |url=https://openlibrary.org/works/OL24766555W/The_Croation_Adriatic?edition=croationadriatic0000unse |pages=111–112 |location=Zagreb |isbn=953-178-097-8}}</ref> When the Empire was divided, Krk came under the [[Eastern Roman Empire]].

[[Fulfinum|Municipium Flavium Fulfinum]] is an old Roman settlement near the town of [[Omišalj]]. Archaeological findings show the first traces of settlement in the area dating back into the 1st century when the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] settled the area following the [[Illyrian Wars]] as a retirement community for soldiers.  The Romans constructed the city for the retired Roman soldiers during the [[Flavian dynasty|Flavian]] dynasty.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Roman city Fulfinum |url=http://www.visitkrk.hr/gallery/the-roman-city-fulfinum/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102041934/http://www.visitkrk.hr/gallery/the-roman-city-fulfinum/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 2, 2019 |website=Cultural heritage of the island of Krk |accessdate=11 May 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Konestra | first1 = Ana| journal = Prilozi Instituta Za Arheologiju | volume = 32 | issue =1  |title=Pottery from the Forum of Municipium Flavium Fulfinum (Krk island, Croatia) - research between 2007 and 2013 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287388815 | date=December 2015}}</ref> The settlement was abandoned in the [[Late antiquity]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/77634|title=O antičkom i srednjevjekovnom imenu grada i otoka Krka|last=Zelić|first=Danko|journal=Croatica Christiana Periodica|volume=19|issue=35|year=1995|format=PDF|language=hr|accessdate=4 February 2021}}</ref>

Roman ruins can be seen today in some parts of the town of Krk, for example mosaics in some houses.  A temple to the [[Venus_(mythology)|Roman goddess Venus]] was discovered near the small gate (mala vrata) in the old city.  This is the only temple dedicated to the goddess Venus to be found on the eastern side of the Adriatic and it dates back to 1st century BC.  It's unique in that approval from the emperor’s family itself was needed before building could commence for such a statue to be built.<ref>{{cite web |title=Temples of Venus |url=https://www.tz-krk.hr/en/info-spomenici/the-temple-of-venus |website=City of Krk Tourist Board}}</ref>  The temple is located within a shop just inside of the small gate.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancient sites & remains |url=https://experiencekrk.com/historical-tours-europe/ancient-sites-and-remains/ |website=Experience City of Krk|publisher=Krk Tourist Board}}</ref>

=== Migration Period ===
The walls of the town of Krk could not withstand attacks by the [[Pannonian Avars|Avars]] (7th century), but in contrast to [[Salona]], [[Scardona]] and [[Aeona]], life in Krk quickly returned to normal, and Krk functioned as one of the [[Dalmatian city-states]]. The Croats penetrated into the town on several occasions. They retained many of the Roman names they found there and so it is said that Krk has a "mosaic dialect". Following the [[Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (812)|Treaty of Aachen]] (812) the entire island was ceded to the [[Byzantine Empire]] and was governed according to the norms of that Empire. During the reign of Emperor [[Constantine Porphyrogenitus]] (10th century), Krk was known as ''Vekla'', of which the Romanized variant, also used by the Venetians, was ''Veglia''.<ref name="Naprijed"/>

=== Reign of Croatian Counts and Kings ===
There are no extant documents showing when Krk became part of the Croatian state. It is known that from around 875 the Byzantine town paid the Croatian rulers 110 gold pieces a year to be able peacefully to keep their hold there. While the Croatian state was being established, Krk found itself on the Venetians' route to the Mediterranean. The Venetians conquered the town for the first time in 1001, and from then Krk's history was closely linked with the history of the [[Republic of Venice]] for seven centuries. During the reign of [[Peter Krešimir IV of Croatia|Peter Krešimir IV]] the Croatian rulers regained their power, but the Venetians took Krk for the second time in 1118.<ref name="Naprijed"/>

=== Reign of the Krk Counts (from 1430 on &ndash; the Frankopan family) ===
[[File:Krk krk.jpg|thumb|left|Town of [[Krk (town)|Krk]]]]
When the Venetians conquered Krk for the second time in 1118, the local noble family, the unknown Dujams,<ref>Also called Demjen, Duimo or more generally Duym.</ref> received Krk as part of a pact with [[Venice]], and they became Counts. When Dujam died in 1163, Venice allowed his sons to make their position hereditary, after a payment of 350 [[Bezant|Byzantine gold pieces]] as tax. In a short time the Krk Counts became so powerful, that at one time from 1244 to 1260, Venice rescinded their authority. In 1260, [[Doge of Venice|Doge]] [[Reniero Zeno]] granted half of Krk to [[Škinela I Frankopan|Škinela I]] and his descendants, and the other half to the sons of {{ill|Vid II Frankopan|lt=Vid II|sh|Vid II Frankopan}} and their descendants, under the condition that they refrain from piracy.<ref>{{harvnb|Kukuljević Sakcinski|1851|p=58}}; {{harvnb|Milčetić|1884|pp=113}}</ref> They increased economic exploitation, but they also endeavoured to strengthen old traditions and rights with various statutes (the [[Vinodol Code]] 1288 and the [[Vrbnik Statute]], 1388). Dujam's youngest son, who died in 1209, succeeded in extending his authority to the mainland, began to serve the Croatian-Hungarian King and received the district of [[Modruš]]. Due to his economic strength and social standing, his opponents fought each other for his favour. The Counts became so strong that no power could threaten them (until the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]]). Members of his family were leaders in [[Split (city)|Split]], [[Trogir]] and [[Senj]], and from 1392 one of them ([[Ivan V Krčki (Frankopan)|Ivan V]]), became a Croatian-Dalmatian [[Ban (medieval)|Ban]]. In 1430 they took the surname [[Frankopan]] (Frangipane), claiming to have Roman origins. That year they adopted a coat of arms showing two lions breaking a piece of bread (Latin: frangere panem, break bread). From 1449, the descendants of [[Nikola Frankopan|Nikola IV]] founded eight branches of his family, and together with the [[House of Zrinski|Zrinski Counts]] were the ruling feudal family in the whole of Croatia right up to 1671.<ref name="Naprijed"/> The Frankopans produced seven Croatian Bans, and many of them were patrons of Croatian artists.

[[Ivan VII Frankopan]] in particular was the only prince of the semi-independent [[Principality of Krk]].{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} He also promoted the settlement of [[Morlachs]] and [[Vlachs]] (originally [[Romanians]] who later split into [[Istro-Romanians]]) in the island (specifically in the areas of [[Dubašnica]] and [[Poljica, Krk|Poljica]] and between the castles of [[Dobrinj]] and [[Omišalj]]) to have a bigger manpower. Thus, these Istro-Romanians would form a community in Krk that would influence the local Croatian dialect and leave several toponyms on the island. The Istro-Romanians of Krk disappeared in 1875 after the death of the last speaker of the local [[Istro-Romanian language|Istro-Romanian]] dialect, which some Croatian scholars named "Krko-Romanian". Nowadays, this ethnic group only inhabits [[Istria]].<ref name="istro">{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326033781|title=Vlachs from the Island Krk in the Primary Historical and Literature Sources|first=Nina|last=Spicijarić Paškvan|journal=Studii și Cercetări – Actele Simpozionului "Banat – Istorie și Multiculturalitate"|year=2014|pages=345–358|language=hr|ref=none}}</ref>

=== Venetian Rule (1480–1797) ===
The island of Krk was a final Adriatic island to become part of the [[Venetian Empire]]. Due to its location, proximity to the [[Uskoks]] of Senj, it served as a lookout point, as well as first line of defence against the Uskoks. From that time on, the ruler was a Venetian noble, but the Small and the Large Councils both held a certain autonomy. The city laws were written in Latin and, after 1500, in Italian. Italian was also used for the church registers for births, marriages and deaths; other public documents were written in a [[Glagolitic]] script, which was widespread here more than anywhere else. At the beginning of 16th century the inhabitants of inland Croatia began to settle on Krk, as a result of their flight from the Ottoman invasions. Nonetheless, Krk still saw a decline, just like all the other Venetian lands. In year 1527 the town was recorded to have 10,461 inhabitants, while in 1527{{Clarify|date=July 2015}}<!-- this is clearly an error, it says 1527 both times; it's necessary to check what the source says --> it had 8,000.<ref name="Naprijed"/>

=== Austrian Rule ===
[[File:Vrbnik krk croatia.jpg|thumb|[[Vrbnik]]]]
Austrian rule over the island came after the fall of Venice in 1797 and was briefly (1806–1813) interrupted by the existence of Napoleon's [[Illyrian Provinces]]. In 1822 the Austrians separated the island from Dalmatia and linked it to [[Istria]], therefore bringing the islands of Krk, [[Cres]] and [[Lošinj]] under direct rule from Vienna. This switch contributed to the appearance of Croatian National Revival, so along with nearby coastal town [[Kastav]], the town of Krk played a major role in spreading of Croatian education and culture in the area.<ref name="Naprijed"/>

=== 20th century ===
The Italian Occupation (1918–1920) was brief, and Krk was handed over to Croatia, then in Yugoslavia, by the [[Treaty of Rapallo (1920)|Treaty of Rapallo]], Italy took Krk again in the Second World War (1941–1943), and German occupation followed from 1943 to 1945. The post-war development of Krk was led by tourism. The building of an airport and then a [[Krk_Bridge|bridge]] over to the mainland ensures the future of the development of tourism on this island. In [[Omišalj]] there has also been industrial development.

The bridge is at the north end of Krk island and uses the small island of Otočić Sveti Marko (St. Mark's Islet) as a mid-support.  The bridge was completed and opened in July 1980 and originally named '''Tito's Bridge''' ({{langx|hr|Titov most}}) in honor of [[President of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav president]] [[Josip Broz Tito]], who [[Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito|had died two months earlier]].{{sfn|Simović|2000|p=436}} The bridge has since been renamed Krk Bridge or {{Lang|hr|Krčki most}}.

===Ship Building===

The island has a long history of shipbuilding, dating to the [[Liburnian|Liburnians]].  Nearby close to the harbor of [[Vela_Luka_(Krk)|Mala Luka]], remains of a Liburnian-era shipyard have been found.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://darkoantolkovic.wordpress.com/2016/05/25/gradina-corinthia/|title = Gradina Corinthia|date = 25 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iarh.hr/en/field-research/archaeological-zone-korintija-bosar-sokol/|title = Archaeological zone Korintija, Bosar - Sokol — the Institute of Archaeology}}</ref>

The name of the municipality of [[Malinska-Dubašnica|Dubašnica]] is derived from "Dub", an old Slavic word for oak.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://duboak.org/en/|title = DUBOak Exhibition}}</ref> Oak forests made the island attractive for ship builders, dating to [[Liburnian]] times.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kvarner-imobilije.hr/locations/the-island-of-krk?page=1 |title=The Island of Krk}}</ref>

Malinska harbor was used as a port due to its protection from [[Bora_(wind)|bura]] wind as well as its depth.  <ref>{{cite web|url=https://duboak.org/en/interior-exhibits/ |title=DubOak}}</ref>

The harbor of [[Vrbnik]] was used for shipbuilding in the 13th century.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Arrivals and Departures |journal=Annual Conference of the American Comparative Literature Association |date=2008 |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/626479901d833f2158e7a414/t/631200bae281c526bd725bd5/1662124221498/Topodynamic+Snjezana+Zoric.pdf}}</ref>

== Economics and infrastructure ==
[[File:Croatia 01.jpg|thumb|Beach ''Haludovo'' in [[Malinska]]. The view includes the island [[Cres]] and mountain [[Učka]] in the distance across the Bay [[Kvarner]].]]
Krk is located rather near the mainland and has been connected to it via a {{convert|1430|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} two-arch concrete [[Krk bridge|bridge]] since 1980, one of the longest concrete bridges in the world. Prior to construction of the bridge, a ferry carried passengers and vehicles from Črišnjevo on the mainland to a port located in the cove of Voz on Krk.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the island of Krk tourism |url=https://krk.hr/en/about-the-island-of-krk-tourism/ |website=Krk Island}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cove Voz |url=https://arcaadriatica.eu/?pr=i&id=12595 |website=Arca Adriatica}}</ref>

Due to the proximity to the city of Rijeka, [[Omišalj]] also hosts the [[Rijeka Airport|Rijeka International Airport]] as well as an [[oil terminal]] representing a part of the [[Port of Rijeka]] and a [[petrochemical]] plant.<ref name="Omišalj-Port-Authority">{{cite web | publisher= Port of Rijeka Authority | url= http://www.portauthority.hr/rijeka/en/infrastructure/liquid-cargo-terminal.html | title= Terminals – Liquid Cargo Terminal | access-date= August 26, 2011 | archive-date= September 9, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200909061738/https://www.portauthority.hr/rijeka/en/infrastructure/liquid-cargo-terminal.html/ | url-status= dead }}</ref><ref name="Omišalj-DIOKI">{{cite web|publisher=DIOKI d.d. |url=http://www.dioki.hr/eng/o_petrokemija/p_lokacije1.asp |title=DINA – Petrokemija d.d., Omišalj |access-date=August 26, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110502044910/http://www.dioki.hr/eng/o_petrokemija/p_lokacije1.asp |archive-date=May 2, 2011 }}</ref><ref name="Omišalj-JANAF">{{cite web|publisher=[[Jadranski naftovod]] | url= http://www.janaf.hr/index.php?option=terminal&lang=en | title= The Omišalj Port and Terminal | access-date=August 26, 2011}}</ref>

Since January 2021,there is an active [[Krk LNG terminal]] storage and regasification ship moored in [[Omišalj]], north of Krk, able to receive large [[LNG carrier]] ships and then to pump the gas into trans-European pipelines.

Krk is a popular tourist destination, due to its proximity to [[Slovenia]], southern Germany, Austria, and northern [[Italy]]. Since the collapse of the [[Eastern Bloc]], many tourists have appeared from Slovakia, [[Hungary]], Romania, and other former Eastern Bloc countries.

== Geography ==
[[File:Gyps fulvus -Basque Country-8.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Eurasian griffon vulture ([[Croatian language|Croatian]]: ''Bjeloglavi sup'') (''[[Gyps fulvus]]''), protected species of Croatia, living on the Island of Krk.]]
Krk, like many Croatian islands, is rocky and hilly. The rock is mostly [[karst]]. The southeast portion of the island is mostly bare as a result of the [[Bora (wind)|bora]] winds.

Some prominent features include:
* Obzova, the highest point at 568 msl<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.krk.hr/en/the_island_of_Krk|title=Island of KRK, legend and reality|access-date=October 25, 2018|archive-date=October 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025072926/http://www.krk.hr/en/the_island_of_Krk|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Vela Luka, Krk|Vela Luka]] a harbor on the southeastern end of the island

===Important Bird Area===
The island forms part of the Kvarner Islands [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA), designated as such by [[BirdLife International]] because it supports significant numbers of many bird species, including breeding populations of several [[bird of prey|birds of prey]].<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url= https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kvarner-islands-iba-croatia |title=Kvarner islands|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2024|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 2024-08-27}}</ref>

A [[Eurasian griffon vulture]] colony lives in protected in an area called Kuntrep on Krk.<ref name="petar"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://web.hamradio.hr/9aff/9AFF-055_Glavine_Malaluka/glavine_malaluka.htm |title=Croatian Flora Fauna clear list |access-date=November 19, 2024 |archive-date=September 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914132526/http://web.hamradio.hr/9aff/9AFF-055_Glavine_Malaluka/glavine_malaluka.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> There they breed at low elevations, with some nests at 10 m (33 ft). Therefore, contact with people is common.

== Culture and religion ==
Krk has historically been a center of [[Croats|Croatian]] culture. Various literature in the [[Glagolitic alphabet]] was created and in part preserved on Krk (notably the [[Baška tablet]], one of the oldest preserved texts in [[Croatian language|Croatian]]). A [[monastery]] lies on the small [[island of Košljun]] in a bay off the coast of Krk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Franciscan monastery – Košljun |url=https://visitkrk.hr/gallery/franciscan-monastery-kosljun/ |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=Cultural heritage of the island of Krk |language=en-US}}</ref>

Krk belonged to the [[Republic of Venice]] during much of the Middle Ages until its [[Treaty of Campo Formio|dissolution]], when its destinies followed those of [[Dalmatia]]. It became part of the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]] (later called Yugoslavia) after World War I, in 1920.<ref>https://history.state.gov/countries/kingdom-of-yugoslavia {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> After that date, the village of Veglia/Krk remained the only predominantly Italian-speaking municipality in Yugoslavia. After World War II, most of the Italians left.

The island of Krk is a participant in the 2020 [[European Capital of Culture]] project. Through the program "27 neighborhoods", the [[Krk (town)|city of Krk]], [[Malinska]] and [[Vrbnik]] will be involved in different events during the entire year.<ref name="Visit Krk">{{cite web | publisher= Visit Krk | url= https://www.visitkrk.com/en/the_island_of_krk__neighbourhood_of_european_culture_capital_of_2020/504_504/33 | title= The island of Krk - neighbourhood of European culture capital of 2020 | access-date= June 6, 2020 | archive-date= June 5, 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200605084619/https://www.visitkrk.com/en/the_island_of_krk__neighbourhood_of_european_culture_capital_of_2020/504_504/33 | url-status= dead }}</ref> Along with them, the Municipality of [[Baška, Croatia|Baška]] participated in the program "Lungomare Art",<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lungomare Art • Rijeka 2020|url=https://rijeka2020.eu/program/lungomare-art/|access-date=2021-04-26|website=Rijeka 2020|language=hr-HR}}</ref> based on which a permanent art installation "Drops" was set up, which puts emphasis on traditional drywall architecture.

== Monuments and sights ==
* The [[Baška tablet]] in [[Jurandvor]] that was made in 1100
* [[Church of St. Lucy, Jurandvor|Church of St. Lucy]] in Jurandvor, where the famous Baška tablet was found
* Art installation "Drops" on the hill above Baška
* [[Krk Cathedral]] that is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
* [[Krk Bridge]] which connects the island of Krk with the mainland since July 19, 1980

== Language ==
Krk is well known for its historical language diversity. The [[Middle Chakavian]] dialect of Croatian is the primary dialect used on the island. Five languages used to be spoken on the island: [[Venetian language|Venetian]], Italian, Croatian, [[Dalmatian language#Vegliot dialect|Dalmatian]] and [[Istro-Romanian language|Istro-Romanian]], although the latter two have gone extinct in the island (and everywhere else in the case of Dalmatian).<ref name="Roegiest">{{cite book |author=William B Brahms |title=Notable Last Facts: A Compendium of Endings, Conclusions, Terminations and Final Events throughout History |publisher=Reference Desk Press |year=2005 |location=Original from the [[University of Michigan]] |page=183 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wIwYAAAAIAAJ |isbn=978-0-9765325-0-7 }}</ref>{{sfn|Spicijarić Paškvan|2014|p=73}}<ref name="istro" /> The Croatian dialect of Krk has Istro-Romanian influence.<ref name="istro" />

==Municipalities==
[[File:krk.jpg|right|thumb|170px|Krk detail]]
The [[Municipality|municipalities]] and larger settlements on Krk include:
* The [[eponymous]] city of [[Krk (town)|Krk]], with 6,243 inhabitants (2011), located at {{coord|45|13|N|14|32|E|}}.
* [[Omišalj]]: 2,987 people
* [[Malinska-Dubašnica]] – [[Malinska]], the capital of municipality: 3,142 people
* [[Punat]]: 1,953 people
* [[Dobrinj]]: 2,023 people
* [[Baška, Croatia|Baška]]: 1,668 people
* [[Vrbnik]]: 1,270 people
* [[Gabonjin]]
* [[Krašica]]
* [[Anton (Krk)|Anton]]
* [[Pinezići]]
* [[Glavotok]]
* [[Valbiska]]
* [[Njivice, Croatia|Njivice]]
* [[Poljice, Krk|Poljice]]
* [[Nenadići]]
* [[Sveti Vid Miholjice]]

== Roman Catholic bishopric ==
{{main|Roman Catholic Diocese of Krk}}

*[[Church of St. Dunat]]

== Other ==
The [[45th parallel north]] passes through the island of Krk, making it positioned halfway between the [[Equator]] and the [[North Pole]]. The crossing of the 45th parallel is marked with a signpost.

===Genetics===
The frequency of [[Haplogroup I (mtDNA)|Haplogroup I]], rare elsewhere in Croatia and most of Europe, is high among the population.<ref>{{cite journal|author=D. Havaš Auguštin|title=Maternal Genetic Legacy of the Eastern Adriatic Island of Krk - An Interplay of Evolutionary Forces and Island's Historical Events in Shaping the Genetic Structure of Contemporary Island Population|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230628507|journal=Collegium Antropologicum|volume=36|issue=2|date=2012|ref={{harvid|Havaš Auguštin et al.|2012}}|display-authors=etal}}</ref>  This characteristic is also found within [[Rusyns]] who are from southern Poland, Slovakia, and Ukraine.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nikitin |first1=A.G. |last2=June |first2=C. M. |last3=Willis |first3=C. M. |last4=McBain |first4=I. |title=Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation in the Boyko, Hutsul, and Lemko Populations of the Carpathian Highlands |date=19 January 2009 |url=https://lemko.org/scholar/DNA.pdf | publisher=Grand Valley State University|website=Lemko.org|pmid=19589018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Brook |first1=Kevin Allen |title=Rusyn Genetics: Abstracts and Summaries |url=http://www.khazaria.com/genetics/rusyns.html |website=Genetics and Genetic Genealogy}}</ref>
<ref group=Footnote>'''Nikitin 2009:''' 6/53 in Lemkos<br>
''"Lemkos shared the highest frequency of haplogroup I ever reported and the highest frequency of [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|haplogroup M*]] in the region."''</ref><ref group=Footnote>'''{{harvnb|Cvjetan|2004}}:''' 15/133</ref>

===Popular culture===
The fictional island Everon from the [[video game]]s ''[[Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis]]'' and [[Arma Reforger]] is based on Krk.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}

The third season of the American [[TV-series]] ''[[The Witcher (TV series)|The Witcher]]'' was filmed on Krk in April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.croatiaweek.com/croatian-island-in-new-season-of-the-witcher-just-released-on-netflix/|title=Croatian island in new season of 'The Witcher' just released on Netflix|publisher=Croatia Week|date=29 June 2023|access-date=29 June 2023}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of islands in the Adriatic]]
* [[Cres]]

===Notes===
{{reflist|group=Footnote}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{cite book |date=1851-02-12 |orig-date=1260 |first=Reniero |last=Zeno |author-link=Reniero Zeno |editor-first=Ivan |editor-last=Kukuljević Sakcinski |editor-link=Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski |publisher=[[Ljudevit Gaj]] |chapter=Rainerio Zeno dužd mletački daruje polovinu krčkoga otoka Skineli, sinu Bartolovu i njegovomu ostanku; a drugu polovinu bratji Frederiku, Bartolu i Vidu, sinovom Vida kneza krčkoga i njihovomu ostanku |pages=57–61 |title=Arkiv za pověstnicu jugoslavensku |volume=1 |url=http://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:238:378917 |location=Zagreb |language=sh}}
* {{cite journal |date=1884-09-11 |first=Ivan |last=Milčetić |author-link=Ivan Milčetić |title=Arkeologično-istorične crtice s hrvatskih otoka IV |pages=105–116 |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/48776 |journal=Vjestnik Kr. hrvatsko-slavonsko-dalmatinskog zemaljskog arkiva |issn=0350-7165 |issue=6 |language=sh |trans-title=Archaeological-Historical Outlines from Croatian Islands IV}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Cvjetan|year=2004|ref={{harvid|Cvjetan|2004}}|first1=S|last2=Tolk|first2=HV|last3=Lauc|first3=LB|last4=Colak|first4=I|last5=Dordević|first5=D|last6=Efremovska|first6=L|last7=Janićijević|first7=B|last8=Kvesić|first8=A|last9=Klarić|first9=IM|last10=Metspalu|first10=E|last11=Pericić|first11=M|last12=Parik|first12=J|last13=Popović|first13=D|last14=Sijacki|first14=A|last15=Terzić|first15=R|last16=Villems|first16=R|last17=Rudan|first17=P|title=Frequencies of mtDNA haplogroups in southeastern Europe – Croatians, Bosnians and Herzegovinians, Serbians, Macedonians and Macedonian Romani|journal=Collegium Antropologicum|volume=28|issue=1|pages=193–8|pmid=15636075|display-authors=8}}
* {{cite journal|url=https://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/763739.Dalmatski_mletaki.pdf|title=Dalmatski (veljotski) i mletački utjecaji u govorima otoka Krka|last=Spicijarić Paškvan|first=Nina|year=2014|journal=Krčki zbornik|issue=70|pages=71–88|language=hr|access-date=June 5, 2017}}
* {{cite journal|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/20029|title=Dvadeseta obljetnica mosta kopno – otok Krk|trans-title=Twentieth anniversary of the Krk – mainland bridge|language=Croatian|journal=Građevinar|format=PDF|last=Simović|first=Veselin|volume=52|issue=8|year=2000|pages=431–442|access-date=21 January 2020}}
{{refend}}

==Further reading==
===Name===
* {{cite journal |publication-date=1950-06-15 |date=1949 |first=Milan |last=Šenoa |title=Prilog poznavanju starih naziva naših otoka |pages=75-82 |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/56375 |journal=Hrvatski geografski glasnik |issn=1331-5854 |issue=11–12 |language=sh |trans-title=A Contribution to Learning the Old Names of Our Islands}}
===Gastronomy===
* {{cite book |date=1989 |editor-first=Dinko |editor-last=Milčetić |publisher=Povijesno društvo otoka Krka, Turistički savez općine Krk |title=Jela otoka Krka |isbn=9539650232 |series=Krčki zbornik Povijesnog društva otoka Krka |volume=20 |location=Krk |language=sh |trans-title=Meals of the Island of Krk}}
===Geography===
* {{cite book |date=April 2016 |first=Mirela |last=Slukan Altić |title=Povijesna topografija otoka Krka: Slike vremena u zrcalu starih karata |isbn=978-953-347-073-3 |language=hr |trans-title=Historical Topography of the Island of Krk: Pictures of the Times in the Mirror of Old Maps}} Tirage: 500.
====Bibliographic====
* {{cite book |date=February 1959 |first=Željko |last=Poljak |chapter=Krk |page=13 |title=Kazalo za "Hrvatski planinar" i "Naše planine" 1898—1958 |series=Naše planine |issn=0354-0650 |volume=XI |issue=1–2 |url=https://www.hps.hr/hp-arhiva/195901.pdf}}
===Geology===
* {{cite thesis |date=2021-11-21 |first=Ela |last=Šegina |title=Spatial Analysis in Karst Geomorphology: An Example from Krk Island, Croatia |isbn=978-3-030-61449-2 |series=Springer Theses |eissn=2190-5061}}
===History===
*''Anton Bozanić: Mahnić i njegova Staroslavenska akademija. Krk u. Rijeka 2002''.

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Island of Krk}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}
* [http://www.krk.hr/en/ Krk official site (tourist board)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080821062014/http://www.pictures-croatia.com/krk/ Pictures Krk]
* [http://www.burger.si/Croatia/Krk/IndexKrk.htm Virtual Tour of Krk]
* [http://www.dive-center-krk.com/ Krk scuba diving centre]
* [https://umap.openstreetmap.fr/en/map/kvarner_559091#10/45.2473/14.3852/ Krk hiking trails & guidebook]

{{Islands of Croatia}}
{{Inhabited Islands of Croatia}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Krk| ]]
[[Category:Islands of Croatia]]
[[Category:Islands of the Adriatic Sea]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Croatia]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Adriatic islands]]
[[Category:Landforms of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County]]