View source for Kurow

{{Short description|Town in Canterbury, New Zealand}}
{{for multi|places in Poland|Kurów (disambiguation)|the video game character|Kurow Kirishima}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                   = Kurow
| native_name            = Te Kohurau
| native_name_lang       = mi
| settlement_type        = Rural centre
| image_skyline          = Kurow Bledisloe Street 002.JPG
| image_alt              = A small-town straight street, flanked by shops, parked cars and the occasional small tree. A Caltex petrol station is on the left, a two-storey pub painted bright blue and yellow is on the right.
| image_caption          = Bledisloe St ([[New Zealand State Highway 83|State Highway 83]]) in Kurow
| image_map              = {{infobox mapframe|coord={{coord|44|44|S|170|28|E}}|zoom=6}}
| coordinates            = {{coord|44|44|S|170|28|E|region:NZ-OTA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type       = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name       = New Zealand
| subdivision_type1      = [[Regions of New Zealand|Region]]
| subdivision_type2      = [[Territorial authorities of New Zealand|Territorial authority]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]]
| subdivision_name2      = [[Waitaki District]]
| subdivision_type3      = Ward
| subdivision_name3      = Ahuriri Ward
| subdivision_type4      = Community
| subdivision_name4      = Ahuriri Community
| seat_type              = Electorates
| seat                   = {{ubl|[[Waitaki (New Zealand electorate)|Waitaki]]|[[Te Tai Tonga]] (Māori)}}
| leader_title           = {{nowrap|Territorial authority}}
| leader_name            = [[Waitaki District Council]]
| leader_title1          = Regional council
| leader_name1           = [[Environment Canterbury]]
| leader_title2          = [[Mayor of Waitaki]]
| leader_name2           = {{NZ officeholder data|Waitaki District Mayor|y}}
| leader_title3          = [[Waitaki (New Zealand electorate)|Waitaki MP]]
| leader_name3           = {{NZ officeholder data|Waitaki MP|y}}
| leader_title4          = [[Te Tai Tonga|Te Tai Tonga MP]]
| leader_name4           = {{NZ officeholder data|Te Tai Tonga MP|y}}
| established_title      =
| established_date       =
| elevation_footnotes    =
| elevation_m            =
| population_footnotes   = {{NZ population data 2018||||y}}
| population_total       = {{NZ population data 2018|Kurow|y}}
| population_as_of       = {{NZ population data 2018|||y}}
| population_note        =
| area_total_km2         = 2.44
| area_footnotes         = <ref name="Area"/>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1              = [[Time in New Zealand|New Zealand Standard Time]]
| utc_offset1            = +12
| timezone1_DST          = [[Time in New Zealand|New Zealand Daylight Time]]
| utc_offset1_DST        = +13
| postal_code_type       = [[Postcodes in New Zealand|Postcode]]
| postal_code            = 9435
| area_code              =
| area_code_type         =
| website                =
| blank_name             = Local [[iwi]]
| blank_info             = [[Ngāi Tahu]]
| footnotes              =
}}
'''Kurow''' is a small town in the [[Waitaki District]], [[New Zealand]]. It is located on the south bank of the [[Waitaki River]], {{convert|60|km}} northwest of [[Oamaru]]. The name is an Anglicised form of the [[Māori language|Māori]] name of the nearby mountain, Te Kohurau.<ref> Which means 'a thousand mists'.[http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/otago-places/2 Otago places]</ref> 

==History==
The town was the terminus of the [[Kurow Branch]] railway, opened in 1881 to [[Hakataramea]], across the [[Waitaki River]], but cut back to Kurow in 1930. It closed in 1983: the line can be traced on the ground, and the station building still stands on Liverpool St. From 1928 until 1937, a line owned by the Public Works Department ran from Kurow to the hydroelectric project 6.4&nbsp;km to the west.

In the 1920s, the town was the base for the building of the nearby [[Waitaki Dam]] and forming [[Lake Waitaki]] in the first of a series of [[hydroelectric]] projects on the Waitaki River. Further hydroelectricity development on the lower Waitaki River was proposed by [[Project Aqua]] and the North Bank Tunnel, however neither of these proceeded past the planning stage.<ref>{{Cite web|first1=Nick |last1=Taylor |first2=Simon |last2=Harris |first3=Wayne |last3=McClintock |first4=Mike |last4=Mackay|date=May 2015|title=Upper Waitaki Limit Setting Process: Social-economic Profile of the Waitaki Catchment|url=https://api.ecan.govt.nz/TrimPublicAPI/documents/download/2369930|access-date=19 January 2022|website=Ecan}}</ref>

The first social security scheme for New Zealand workers was designed in the town, arising from [[Presbyterian]] Minister of Kurow [[Arnold Nordmeyer]]'s experience of working with families of workers on the Waitaki hydro-electric project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/pm-commemorates-world-first-social-security-system|title=PM commemorates world-first social security system|last=Clark|first=Helen|author-link=Helen Clark|date=August 12, 2008|website=beehive.govt.nz}}</ref>

The land around the town includes summerfruit [[orchard]]s, and the [[Waitaki Valley wine region]] was established in 2001 with the first [[Pinot noir]] vineyards planted in the limestone soils. In 2021, there were 13 wineries and vineyards in operation in the Waitaki Valley.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yardley|first=Mike|title=Mike Yardley: Drifting through Waitaki's Lakes District|url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/lifestyle/travel/mike-yardley-drifting-through-waitaki-s-lakes-district/|access-date=2021-11-13|website=ZB|language=en-nz}}</ref>

Kurow had been trying to fund a statue of [[Richie McCaw]] since 2016 but has struggled to raise the required money. A seven metre tall statue was being considered at one stage.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-22|title=Kurow considers 7m Richie McCaw industrial-style statue|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/118986036/kurow-considers-7m-richie-mccaw-industrialstyle-statue|access-date=2021-11-05|website=Stuff|language=en}}</ref>

==Demographics==
Kurow is described as a rural settlement by Statistics New Zealand, and covers {{Convert|2.44|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area">{{Cite web|title=ArcGIS Web Application|url=https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6f49867abe464f86ac7526552fe19787|access-date=28 November 2021|website=statsnz.maps.arcgis.com}}</ref> It had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2018|Kurow|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2018|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Kurow|y}}|R}}/2.44|0}} people per km<sup>2</sup>. It is part of the larger Danseys Pass statistical area.

{{Historical populations|2006|348|2013|321|2018|372|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population for Kurow|source=<ref name="Census 2018"/>}}
[[File:Kurow Post Office 001.JPG|thumb|Former post office building]]
Before the 2023 census, Kurow had a larger boundary, covering {{Convert|4.91|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area"/> Using that boundary, Kurow had a population of 372 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 51 people (15.9%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and an increase of 24 people (6.9%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 165 households, comprising 192 males and 180 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female, with 54 people (14.5%) aged under 15 years, 30 (8.1%) aged 15 to 29, 144 (38.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 147 (39.5%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 91.9% European/[[Pākehā]], 12.9% [[Māori people|Māori]], 4.0% [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]], and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 36.3% had no religion, 50.0% were [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], 0.8% had [[Religion of Māori people|Māori religious beliefs]], 0.8% were [[Islam in New Zealand|Muslim]] and 1.6% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 27 (8.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 108 (34.0%) people had no formal qualifications. 30 people (9.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 126 (39.6%) people were employed full-time, 51 (16.0%) were part-time, and 6 (1.9%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018">{{NZ census 2018|7027651 and 7027652}}</ref>

===Danseys Pass statistical area===
The Danseys Pass statistical area, which also includes [[Duntroon, New Zealand|Duntroon]], covers {{Convert|711.49|km2||abbr=on}}<ref name="Area"/> and had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Danseys Pass|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Danseys Pass|y}}|R}}/711.49|1}} people per km<sup>2</sup>.

{{Historical populations|2006|864|2013|915|2018|987|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population for Danseys Pass|source=<ref name="Census 2018 DP"/>}}
Danseys Pass had a population of 987 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 72 people (7.9%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and an increase of 123 people (14.2%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 399 households, comprising 504 males and 483 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.04 males per female. The median age was 45.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 189 people (19.1%) aged under 15 years, 141 (14.3%) aged 15 to 29, 438 (44.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 219 (22.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 88.1% European/[[Pākehā]], 9.7% [[Māori people|Māori]], 8.2% [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]], and 1.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 16.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 43.5% had no religion, 42.2% were [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], 0.6% had [[Religion of Māori people|Māori religious beliefs]], 1.2% were [[Hinduism in New Zealand|Hindu]], 0.3% were [[Islam in New Zealand|Muslim]], 1.2% were [[Buddhism in New Zealand|Buddhist]] and 2.7% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 90 (11.3%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 213 (26.7%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $29,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 90 people (11.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 399 (50.0%) people were employed full-time, 132 (16.5%) were part-time, and 12 (1.5%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018 DP">{{NZ census 2018|Danseys Pass (343300)|danseys-pass|Danseys Pass}}</ref>

== Hotels ==
[[File:Kurow Hotel 001.JPG|thumb|Kurow Hotel]]

=== Kurow Hotel ===
Christian Hille opened an accommodation house in Kurow in the 1860s. In the 1880s William Goddard took over the business and built a hotel with 24 rooms, a billiard room and stables for horses. The building was designed by Oamaru architect John Megget Forrester, who also reinstated the hotel after it was damaged by fire in 1892. The new building, constructed of [[Oamaru stone]], had 18 bedrooms, five sitting rooms and a dining room which could seat 30. There was also a billiard room and large stables.  In 1905 the hotel suffered another serious fire and the hotel moved into the adjoining hall while the building was repaired and rebuilt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Heritage New Zealand |url=https://www.heritage.org.nz/list-details/4893/Listing |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=Welcome to Heritage New Zealand |language=en}}</ref>

In 1986, the Kurow Hotel was listed as a Category 2 Historic Place by [[Heritage New Zealand]]. It is located at 55 Bledisloe Street. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Heritage New Zealand |url=https://www.heritage.org.nz/list-details/4893/Listing#details |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=Welcome to Heritage New Zealand |language=en}}</ref>

=== Waitaki Hotel ===
Waitaki Hotel was built in 1940 in the [[Art Deco]] style, as a replacement for the Bridge Hotel (1860–1908).<ref name=":0" /> It is located at 37 Bledisloe Street.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bridge Hotel, Kurow. J O'Neill, proprietor. |url=https://collection.culturewaitaki.org.nz/objects/100515/bridge-hotel-kurow-j-oneill-proprietor |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=Culture Waitaki Collection Online |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ABOUT |url=https://www.waitakihotel.co.nz/about-us |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=Waitaki Hotel |language=en}}</ref>

== Kurow Museum ==
[[File:Kurow Museum.JPG|thumb|Kurow Museum]]
The Kurow Museum is located at 57 Bledisloe Street. It showcases early settlers in the area and the development of the social security scheme to help families in need.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kurow Museum|url=https://www.kurow.org.nz/kurow-museum|access-date=2021-11-13|website=Kurow|language=en-US|archive-date=13 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113184257/https://www.kurow.org.nz/kurow-museum|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kurow Museum – Waitaki, New Zealand|url=https://waitakinz.com/kurow-museum/|access-date=2021-11-13|website=waitakinz.com}}</ref>

== Awakino Ski Area ==
Kurow is the closest town to [[Awakino Ski Area]] which is 15 kilometres away, accessed through Awakino Station.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Awakino Ski Area|url=https://skiawakino.com/|access-date=2023-06-22|website=skiawakino.com}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:Waitaki Valley School.jpg|thumb|Waitaki Valley School]]
Waitaki Valley School is a full primary school catering for years 1 to 8,<ref>{{TKI|363|Waitaki Valley School}}</ref> with a roll of {{NZ school roll data|363|y}} students as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|y||.}} The school was created from the merger in 2004 of Kurow Area, Otematata, Cattle Creek and Hakataramea schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/waitakivalley.school.nz/website/about-our-school|title=Our School|publisher=Waitaki Valley School|access-date=28 November 2021}}</ref> It moved to its present site in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/news/3857195/Valleys-21st-century-school|title=Valley's 21st century school|newspaper=Timaru Herald|date=26 February 2013|first=Fleur|last=Cogle}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
Notable people with connections to Kurow include:
*[[Steve Hotton]], [[Otago Rugby Football Union|Otago rugby]] player 
*[[Roy Kerr]], mathematician
*[[Richie McCaw]], [[All Black]] captain 
*Dr [[Gervan McMillan]] and his wife [[Ethel McMillan|Ethel]], residents of Kurow from 1929 to 1934; Dr McMillan ran a medical practice there.<ref name="DNZB Ethel McMillan">{{DNZB|last=Eunson|first=Keith |id=5m25|title=McMillan, Ethel Emma – Biography|access-date=19 August 2012}}</ref><ref name="DNZB Gervan McMillan">{{DNZB|last=Heydon|first=Susan |id=4m25|title=McMillan, David Gervan – Biography|access-date=17 August 2012}}</ref>
*[[Arnold Nordmeyer]], minister of finance and [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] politician
*[[Charles Saxton (sportsman)|Charles Saxton]], All Black and rugby administrator
[[File:View of Kurow Cemetery and memorial gates, Waitaki, New Zealand.jpg|thumb|Kurow Cemetery]]

==Climate==

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Kurow (1981–2010)
|Jan high C = 	23.0
|Feb high C = 	22.3
|Mar high C = 	20.1
|Apr high C = 	17.9
|May high C = 	14.1
|Jun high C = 	10.8
|Jul high C = 	10.1
|Aug high C = 	12.2
|Sep high C = 	15.4
|Oct high C = 	17.4
|Nov high C = 	18.9
|Dec high C = 	20.7
| year high C = 	
|Jan mean C = 	16.8
|Feb mean C = 	16.3
|Mar mean C = 	14.3
|Apr mean C = 	11.8
|May mean C = 	8.8
|Jun mean C = 	5.8
|Jul mean C = 	5.2
|Aug mean C = 	6.9
|Sep mean C = 	9.6
|Oct mean C = 	11.4
|Nov mean C = 	13.1
|Dec mean C = 	15.0
| year mean C = 	
|Jan low C = 	10.5
|Feb low C = 	10.3
|Mar low C = 	8.5
|Apr low C = 	5.7
|May low C = 	3.4
|Jun low C = 	0.8
|Jul low C = 	0.3
|Aug low C = 	1.7
|Sep low C = 	3.8
|Oct low C = 	5.5
|Nov low C = 	7.4
|Dec low C = 	9.3
| year low C = 	
|rain colour = green	
|Jan rain mm = 	55.1
|Feb rain mm = 	40.7
|Mar rain mm = 	60.8
|Apr rain mm = 	28.8
|May rain mm = 	33.6
|Jun rain mm = 	24.6
|Jul rain mm = 	34.2
|Aug rain mm = 	34.3
|Sep rain mm = 	28.2
|Oct rain mm = 	47.3
|Nov rain mm = 	48.1
|Dec rain mm = 	68.8
|year rain mm = 	
|source 1 = CliFlo<ref name= CliFlo>
{{cite web
|url = http://cliflo.niwa.co.nz
|title = CliFlo – National Climate Database : Kurow Area School
|publisher = NIWA
|access-date = 10 May 2024}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{Commons category inline}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Waitaki District, New Zealand}}

[[Category:Waitaki District]]
[[Category:Wine regions of New Zealand]]