View source for Kyiv Metro

{{Short description|Rapid transit system in Ukraine}}
{{For|the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Kyiv|Kyiv metropolitan area}}
{{pp-move-dispute|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox public transit
| box_width = auto
| name = Kyiv Metro
| image = Kyiv Metro logo 2015.svg
| imagesize = 120px
| image2 = 81-540.2K-541.2K_Dnipro_station.jpg
| imagesize2 = 250px
| caption2 = A type 81-540.2К train at [[Dnipro (Kyiv Metro)|Dnipro station]]
| native_name = {{ubl|{{lang|uk|Київський метрополітен}}|''{{lang|uk-Latn|Kyivs'kyi metropoliten}}''}}
| owner = [[Kyiv City Council]]
| locale = [[Kyiv]]
| transit_type = [[Rapid transit]]
| lines = 3<ref name="About-metro" /><ref name="asmetro" />
| stations = 52 (2 under construction)
| annual_ridership = {{decrease}} 484.56 million (2016)<ref name="asmetro" />
| website = {{URL|metro.kyiv.ua}}
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|1960|11|06|df=yes}}
| operator = ''Kyivs'kyi Metropoliten''
| vehicles = 824 cars<ref name="asmetro" /> (in 130 trains)
| system_length = {{convert|67.56|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="About-metro" /><ref name="asmetro" />
| track_gauge = {{RailGauge|1520mm|lk=on}}
| el = [[Third rail]], 825 [[volt|V]] [[Direct current|DC]]
| average_speed = {{convert|36.11|km/h|mi/h|abbr=on}}<ref name="asmetro" />
| map = {{Kyiv Metro route diagram}}
| map_state = collapsed
| ridership = {{decrease}} 1.32 million (2016)<ref name="asmetro" />
| alt = 
| caption = 
| area served = 
| line_number = 
| start = 
| end = 
| character = 
}}
The '''Kyiv Metro'''{{efn|{{langx|uk|Київський метрополітен|Kyivskyi metropoliten}}, {{IPA|uk|ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɪj ˌmɛtropol⁽ʲ⁾iˈtɛn|IPA}}, also known shortly as {{langx|uk|Київське метро|Kyivske metro}}, {{IPA|uk|ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɛ ˌmɛtro|IPA}}}} is a [[rapid transit]] system in [[Kyiv]], Ukraine, owned by the [[Kyiv City Council]] and operated by the [[Municipally owned corporation|city-owned]] company Kyivskyi Metropoliten''.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://kievpress.livejournal.com/8570.html |script-title=uk:Київському метрополітену - 50! Як все починалося|last=kievpress|date=2010-11-05|website=kievpress|language=Ukrainian|trans-title=Kyiv Metro is 50 years old! How everything started|access-date=2017-07-04}}</ref>'' It was initially opened on 6 November 1960, as a single {{Convert|5.24|km|4=2|abbr=on}} line with five stations. It was the first rapid transit system in [[Ukraine]], and the third in the former [[Soviet Union]], after the [[Moscow Metro]] and [[Saint Petersburg Metro|Leningrad Metro]].

Today, the system consists of three lines and 52 stations, located throughout Kyiv's ten [[Subdivisions of Kyiv|raion]] (districts), and operates {{convert|69.6|km|mi|sp=us}} of routes, with {{Convert|67.6|km|4=2|abbr=on}} used for revenue service and {{Convert|2.048|km|4=2|abbr=on}} for non-revenue service.<ref name="About-metro">{{cite web |script-title=uk:Про метрополітен |trans-title=About the subway |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/90 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719161200/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/90 |archive-date=2021-07-19 |access-date=2015-08-01 |publisher=Київський метрополітен Kyiv Metro |language=uk}}</ref><ref name="asmetro">{{cite web |year=2016 |script-title=ru:Основные технико-эксплуатационные характеристики метрополитенов за 2016 год |trans-title=Main technical and operational specifications for Subways for 2016. |url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031100507/http://www.asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016.pdf |archive-date=2017-10-31 |access-date=2017-07-06 |website=asmetro.ru |publisher=Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [[International Association of Metros]] |language=ru}}</ref> At {{convert|105.5|m|ftin|4=1|abbr=on}} below ground level, [[Arsenalna (Kyiv Metro)|Arsenalna]] station on the [[Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line]] is the second deepest metro station in the world after [[Hongyancun station]] in [[Chongqing]], China.<ref name="Arsenalna">{{cite web |date=24 October 2008 |script-title=uk:Арсенальна |trans-title=Arsenalna |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/156 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115195548/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F156 |archive-date=2019-01-15 |access-date=2015-04-04 |publisher=Київський метрополітен Kyiv Metro |language=uk}}</ref>

In 2016, annual ridership for the metro was 484.56 million passengers, or about 1.32 million passengers daily.<ref name="About-metro" /><ref name="asmetro" /> The metro accounted for 46.7% of Kyiv's public transport load in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2014.pdf|script-title=ru:Основные технико-эксплуатационные характеристики метрополитенов за 2014 год|year=2014|website=asmetro.ru|language=ru|trans-title=The main technical and operational features of undergrounds. 2014|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093358/http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2014.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
=== Beginnings (1884-1920) ===
The first idea for an underground railway appeared in 1884. The project, which was given for analysis to the city council by the director of the [[Southwestern Railways|Southwestern railways]], Dmytro Andrievskiy, planned to create tunnels from [[Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station]]. The tunnel was expected to start near [[Postal Square|Poshtova square]] and finish near [[Bessarabska Square|Bessarabka]]. A new railway station was to be built there, while the old railway station was to be converted into a freight railway station. The project was long discussed but eventually turned down by the city council.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/hist.php?lang=1|script-title=uk:Історія|last=Dzygoon|first=Vadim|website=www.metropoliten.kiev.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The history|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2012-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511193706/http://metropoliten.kiev.ua/hist.php?lang=1|url-status=live}}</ref>

Kyiv was a pioneering city for [[Imperial Russia]]n rapid transit, opening the [[Kyiv tram|first Russian tram system]]. In September 1916, businessmen of the Russo-American trading corporation attempted to collect funds to sponsor the construction of a metro in Kyiv. As a reason to construct it, the trading corporation wrote:
{{Blockquote|text=The development has been lately going at a fast pace, not only when talking about population growth, but as well while talking about the development of trade and industry businesses. The specifics of Kyiv, namely: the distance between the residential districts from the [[central business district]], the insane price of the apartments in the centre and its neighbourhoods, the elongation and hilly position of the city, a predominantly commercial habit of its inhabitants - all those factors make the question of cheap, fast and safe transportation arise. The Kyiv city tram can't answer any of the issues. The tram's drawbacks are widely known, and the reason they appear is that, in the given conditions, the tram network development is not able to keep pace with the fast-growing city. An increase in rolling stock on the main lines may cause a slowdown in street movement, while an increase in speed threatens the safety of people. The only way out of the situation is the transfer from on-ground trams to underground trams, starting from the main streets.|sign=The Russian-American trading corporation|source=[[Kievlyanin]], 24 Sep 1916 (O. S.)}}

Despite the arguments, the project was not accepted by the city council, again.

[[File:Kyiv underground project 1916.jpg|thumb|The article in the ''[[Kievlyanin]]'' newspaper proposing a project of the Kyiv Underground (24 Sep 1916 O.S.).]]

After the downfall of the Tsarist government, [[Hetman]] [[Pavlo Skoropadsky|Skoropadsky]] was also interested in the building of a metro system, somewhere near the district of [[Zvirynets]], where the government center was planned to be built. As one of the members of his cabinet argued:

{{Blockquote|text=[...] [The engineers] have an idea to construct trams, but not the ones [that ride] now, - those overground, and [those] in tunnels that are called "metropoliten" [underground]. The soil of [[Zvirynets]] and Kyiv as a whole, where the underground is to be built, is the best for this kind of construction. Under these circumstances, the underground may be even better placed than [the one] in Paris...
Kyiv is situated on the hills and ravines created by the nature itself, [so] the underground, appearing from the hill into the ravine, then again passing through the mountain, will transfer everyone and everything from {{ill|Besarabka (Kyiv)|lt=Bessarabka|uk|Бессарабка (Київ)}} to [[Demiivka]], from Zvirynets to [[Lukianivka (neighborhood)|Lukianivka]], from Naberezhna [ave.] or Prorizna [str.] to Zadniprovski Slobidky.|source=Interview with comrade ''(deputy)'' minister of roads engineer Chubynsky, "Відродження" ("The Revival"), 134 (1), 11 Sep 1918, pp. 3-4}}

However, the project lost its support after the downfall of the [[Ukrainian State|Hetmanate]] in the autumn of 1918 and the change of the Ukrainian government towards the [[Directorate of Ukraine|Directorate]]. Then, in 1919–1920, during the [[Russian Civil War]] (in which Ukraine was involved), the project was shelved for good.

Following the Bolsheviks' victory in the Russian Civil War, Kyiv became only a provincial city, and no large-scale proposals to improve the city were made.

=== Initial promotion (1936-1949) ===
In 1934, the capital of the [[Ukrainian SSR]] was moved from [[Kharkiv]] to Kyiv. On 9 July 1936, the Presidium of the Kyiv City Council assessed the diploma project by Papazov (Papazian), an Armenian graduate of the [[Moscow State University of Railway Engineering|Moscow University of Transport Engineering]], called, "The Project of the Kyiv Metro." The meeting minutes stated that "the author successfully resolved one of the problems of reconstruction of the city of Kyiv and establishment of intra-city transportation and also answered various practical questions about the Metro plan (the routes of the underground, the position of stations)." The engineer Papazov (Papazian) received a bonus of 1,000 [[Soviet rouble|Soviet rubles]] for this project from the City of Kyiv.<ref name=":1" /> However, it is unknown if his proposals were taken into account in the plan. A few days before, on 5 July, the Kyiv newspaper {{llang|uk|Bil'shovyk}} published an article that featured a project of underground, prepared by engineers from the Transport Devices Institute in Ukraine's Soviet Socialist Republic's Academy of Sciences. The project promised to consruct three lines of a Metro, approximately {{Cvt|50|km}} long.

Rumors started spreading that the construction of the Metro would begin soon. At first, the city council denied these rumors, amid letters from the specialists in the drilling and mining sectors offering their services. But in 1938, officials started preparatory work. However, this stopped abruptly in 1941 with the start of the [[Great Patriotic War (term)|Great Patriotic War]] ([[World War II]]).<ref>{{Cite book |script-title=uk:Київські мініатюри|last=Ковалинський|first=Віталій|publisher=Літопис|year=2002|volume=1pages=|language=uk|trans-title=The Kyiv miniatures}}</ref> By the end of the war, Kyiv was destroyed. Being the third largest city in the USSR, a massive reconstruction process was ordered. This time, the Metro was taken into account.

Work continued in 1944, after Kyiv's liberation. On 5 August 1944, a resolution from the [[Government of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union's Government]] was proclaimed. The resolution planned for underground construction, thus the government ordered the appropriate organizations to continue preparatory works, create a technical project, and estimate total costs. To finance this initial work, the USSR's National Commissariat of Finances allocated 1&nbsp;million&nbsp;Soviet rubles from the Reserve Fund of the USSR's government.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/110|title=Історія метро - від першої ідеї до першої черги {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The history of the underground: from first plans to first section. The Kyiv Metro|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210107/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F110|url-status=live}}</ref> On 22 February 1945, another resolution was proclaimed, which definitively ordered the underground to be constructed.<!-- Note - translated from Russian Wikipedia: source deficient there as well -->

To determine where the underground construction was most suitable, experts from the Kyiv Office of Metrogiprotrans analyzed the flow of passengers in the streets of Kyiv, both in the city center and in the outskirts. The analysis revealed three suitable directions to construct the underground: [[Sviatoshyn]]–[[Brovary]], [[Kurenivka]]–[[Demiivka]], and Syrets–[[Pechersk, Kyiv|Pechersk]]. The former two were chosen to be built. It was decided that the first section of underground openings along these two directions—{{Convert|30.4|km|mi|abbr=on}} in length—would be constructed by 1950.

This plan, however, did not come to life. The final preparations were not conducted until 1949. By the decision of the Ministry of Communication, the Kyivmetrobud enterprise was established on 14 April. Only then did the underground construction finally begin.

=== First phase ===
[[File:Kyiv metro history - uk.gif|thumb|400x400px|Timelapse of Kyiv Metro construction (in Ukrainian)]]
Construction planning of the first line (M1) of the Kyiv Metro began in August 1949.<ref name=":1" /> The initial plan had seven stations, and a project design competition for the stations was announced in 1952. The competition commission wanted all seven stations to have a Stalinist style: richly decorated and adorned with Communist symbols and national (Ukrainian) motifs. However, the competition was cancelled, partly due to the cancellation of the two westernmost stations and partly due to [[Khrushchev Thaw]], which made the Stalinist style inappropriate.

Tunnel drilling was frequently met with unanticipated difficulties—such as unexpected drilling terrain and underground water sources—causing the construction to fall severely behind schedule. In December 1951, the first connection between separate tunnels was made between [[Dnipro (Kyiv Metro)|Dnipro]] and [[Arsenalna (Kyiv Metro)|Arsenalna]] stations, while the last was created between the [[Vokzalna (Kyiv Metro)|Vokzalna]] and [[Universytet (Kyiv Metro)|Universytet]] stations, in May 1959.<ref name=":0" />

Various difficulties arose during the construction of the underground. For example, Arsenalna station was constantly flooded by underground waters despite its exceptional depth, which was originally intended to prevent flooding.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ukrainemiroff.com/showNews/44|title=Таємниці найглибшої у світі станції метро — "Арсенальна"|last=Nemiroff|website=ukrainemiroff.com|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2017-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027020913/http://ukrainemiroff.com/showNews/44|url-status=live}}</ref> Moreover, the project came to a standstill in 1954 when funding was instead allocated to the development of unused land fit for agriculture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://photo.ukrinform.ua/ukr/current/photo.php?id=234238|title=6 листопада 1960 року розпочав роботу київський метрополітен|website=photo.ukrinform.ua|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210058/http://photo.ukrinform.ua/ukr/current/photo.php?id=234238|url-status=live}}</ref> Nevertheless, work progressed.[[File:Vokzalna metro station in Kyiv.jpg|thumb|Earlier stations are ornately decorated, and many have impressive vestibules, such as this at [[Vokzalna (Kyiv Metro)|Vokzalna]] station.]]At the beginning of 1958, a competition for the best design of stations was announced. A commission analyzing the works was created, consisting of activists, engineering and architecture experts from both the Ukrainian SSR and the USSR, sculptors, artists, writers, and the heads of the organizations [[Glavtunelstroy]], [[Metrogiprotrans]], and [[Kyivmetrobud]]. In July, an exhibition of 80 works was organized. The best five designs were used for the first five stations of the Kyiv Metro: [[Vokzalna (Kyiv Metro)|Vokzalna]], [[Universytet (Kyiv Metro)|Universytet]], [[Khreshchatyk (Kyiv Metro)|Khreshchatyk]], [[Arsenalna (Kyiv Metro)|Arsenalna]], and [[Dnipro (Kyiv Metro)|Dnipro]].<ref name=":0" />

During this construction, {{Convert|660400|m3|cuft|1|abbr=on}} of concrete was poured, and {{Convert|7300|m2|sqft|1|abbr=on}} of granite and marble were used to decorate the stations.<ref name=":0" />

On 22 October 1960, a test run was made by Alexey Semagin, a [[Motorman (locomotive)|motorman]] of the Moscow Metro, and Ivan Vynogradov, the former [[Railroad engineer|train operator]] from the central railway station of [[Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi Railway station|Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi]].<ref>World Report ''[[International Railway Journal]]'' January 1961 page 7</ref> Semagin drove, with Vynogradov acting as an assistant.

On 6 November 1960, the anniversary of the [[October Revolution]], the five-station, {{Cvt|5.24|km}} Vokzalna–Dnipro portion of the east–west line (today known as the [[Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line]]) was opened.<ref name="sv">{{cite web|title=Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska line: Chronology of construction|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/118|work=Kyiv Metropoliten|access-date=14 April 2014|language=Ukrainian|archive-date=30 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210110/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F118|url-status=live}}</ref> That day, the motormen changed their places, and thus Ivan Vynogragov has now been deemed the first motorman of the Kyiv Metro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://eveningkiev.com/article/14331 |script-title=uk:Перший машиніст підземного міста|last=Марченко|first=Марина|date=6 Nov 2012|work=Вечірній Київ|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404200023/http://eveningkiev.com/article/14331|archive-date=2016-04-04|url-status=dead|language=uk|trans-title=The first motorman of the underground city}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/articles/rus/poezd-r.html|script-title=ru:ПРОБНЫЙ ПОЕЗД|website=www.metropoliten.kiev.ua|language=ru|trans-title=The trial ride|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2013-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507031901/http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/articles/rus/poezd-r.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Opening and aftermath ===
The underground was not available to the public the same day the line was declared open. During the first week, special passes had to be shown to ride the newly opened section. True public service only started on 13 November.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=23 Sep 2011 |script-title=ru:История киевского метрополитена |trans-title=The history of Kyiv underground |url=https://news.uklon.com.ua/post/Istoria-kievskogo-metropolitena.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924184047/https://news.uklon.com.ua/post/Istoria-kievskogo-metropolitena.aspx |archive-date=24 September 2017 |access-date=5 July 2017 |language=ru}}</ref> At the time, the stations had no [[turnstile]]s; the tickets were shown to the inspector.<ref name=":2" />

Immediately after the Kyiv Metro's opening, the need for a [[train depot]] became a problem. It was not feasible to construct a permanent on-ground depot as the stations were deep underground. Yet the creation of an underground depot was costly. At first, it was solved by creating a temporary depot next to Dnipro station, where Kyivmetrobud had its headquarters at the time. There were some warehouses constructed as well so that necessary items could be substituted if needed. Unfortunately, this temporary depot was not connected to the main underground line. To move trains to the depot, an overhead crane was used.<ref name="Zagadki Podzemki">[http://www.interesniy.kiev.ua/old/population/transport/8260/zagadki_podzemki Загадки подземки на сайте «Интересный Киев»] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209034845/http://www.interesniy.kiev.ua/old/population/transport/8260/zagadki_podzemki |date=2010-02-09 }}</ref>

Simultaneously, another logistics problem appeared: there was no connection between the underground and the railway. At the time, the metro line was served by [[type Д underground trains]] (produced by [[Metrowagonmash]]). To deliver them to the underground, the trains had to be placed on a special carriage at [[Darnytsia Railway Station|Darnytsia railway station]]. The carriage was then transported by trams (via the now non-existing tram line along the [[Dnieper|Dnipro]] river) to the temporary depot, where the trains were then lifted onto the [[railway turntable]]. Since the procedure was uncomfortable and tedious, most trains were stabled overnight in the tunnels and visited the depot only for maintenance.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nuclear-attack.com/139.php|script-title=ru:Nuclear Attack: история киевского метрополитена|website=www.nuclear-attack.com|language=ru|trans-title=Nuclear Attack: the history of Kyiv subway|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212205749/http://www.nuclear-attack.com/139.php|archive-date=2013-12-12|url-status=dead}}</ref>

At the time, the Kyiv Metro was under the jurisdiction of the USSR's Ministry of Communication, and not of Kyiv's city council. Until 1962, the motormen were mostly from [[Moscow]], as no institution provided appropriate training in Ukraine. Some Kyiv railway engineers were employed (such as Vynogragov), but they had to qualify as motormen in Moscow.

=== Extension of the first line ===
The second stage of construction of the first line started in 1960, and finished on 5 November 1963, with the opening of a {{Convert|3.4|km|mi|abbr=on}} section with two stations: [[Politekhnichnyi Instytut (Kyiv Metro)|Politekhnichnyi Instytut]] and Zavod Bilshovyk (now [[Shuliavska (Kyiv Metro)|Shuliavska]] station). A year later, new [[type E underground trains]] were introduced.[[File:SBL-Grund-2005.jpg|thumb|View of the eastern extension of the M1 line]]
In 1965, the line crossed the Dnieper river on the newly constructed [[Kyiv Metro Bridge]] and [[Rusanivskyi Metropolitan bridge|Rusanivskyi Metropolitan Bridge]] and was extended to the large residential areas being built along the east bank of the river. Like the Dnipro station, [[Hidropark (Kyiv Metro)|Hidropark]], [[Livoberezhna (Kyiv Metro)|Livoberezhna]], and [[Darnytsia (Kyiv Metro)|Darnytsia]] stations all were built on-ground. Additionally, to resolve the question of a temporary depot, a permanent depot ([[Darnytsia metro depot|Darnytsia Metro Depot]]) was built between Livoberezhna and Darnytsia stations; importantly, it had access to Kyiv-Dniprovskyi railway station. New trains could now be easily transported immediately into the depot, which, having a connection with the metro line, could also easily host trains.

A few developments were made to the old stations. Since Khreshchatyk station was opened with only one exit, a second one was built and opened on 4 September 1965.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=uk:Свято метробудівців. [Вчора о 12:00 відкрито другий вихід зі станції метро «Хрещатик»]|last=Stefanovych|first=F.|date=5 Sep 1965|work=Київська правда|language=uk|trans-title=The feast for underground constructors. [The second exit from "Khreshchatyk" station was opened yesterday at noon].}}</ref> A third exit was finished in May 1970.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=uk:Мчать голубі експреси. [Декілька днів тому здано в експлуатацію третій вихід зі станції метро «Хрещатик»]|last=Bilous|first=V.|date=1 June 1970|work=Вечірній Київ|language=uk|trans-title=Blue express trains run. [A few days ago the third exit from Khreshchatyk station was given to use]}}</ref> While being modernized, the station was lengthened by 40 meters.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Moiseev |first=M. |date=4 Sep 1965 |title=Восьмі ворота метро (The eighth gate of the underground) |work=Вечірній Київ}}</ref>

Further extension of the first line to the east was made in 1968, when Komsomolska station (now [[Chernihivska (Kyiv Metro)|Chernihivska]] station) was opened, along with another facility where the trains could be repaired.

When it was discovered that [[Saint Petersburg Metro|Leningrad's Metro]] E-type underground trains were not suitable for the [[platform screen doors]] of new stations under construction, they were delivered to Kyiv in 1969; meanwhile, Kyiv's older D-type trains, which did not have any problems with these new stations, were transported to Leningrad.<ref name=":2" />

In 1970, an additional carriage was added to every train, for a total of four. A fifth was added two years later. Since 1972, the number of carriages has remained constant (as of 4 July 2017).<ref name=":7" />

On 5 November 1971, Kyiv's then-westernmost neighborhoods were connected to the metro. Three new stations were opened: Zhovtneva (now [[Beresteiska (Kyiv Metro)|Beresteiska]]), [[Nyvky (Kyiv Metro)|Nyvky]], and [[Sviatoshyn (Kyiv Metro)|Sviatoshyno]] (now with the "o" removed). Thus, the metro was extended to 14 stations and a length of {{Convert|18.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}.

On 23 August 1972, the billionth passenger of the Kyiv Metro entered Arsenalna station. The worker of the "Arsenal" factory was given a yearly ticket for the Metro as commemoration of the event.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=10 December 2022 |title=Holamon.cat |url=https://www.holamon.cat/en/kyiv-metro |website=Holamon.cat}}</ref>

Finally, in 1973–1974, another modernization of the Metro was made, the third to the rolling stock. New [[type Eм underground trains]] from Leningrad's train building facility were delivered to Kyiv.<ref name=":2" />

Further extensions on this line occurred in 1978 (with Pionerska station, now [[Lisova (Kyiv Metro)|Lisova]]) and 2003 (with [[Zhytomyrska (Kyiv Metro)|Zhytomyrska]] and [[Akademmistechko (Kyiv Metro)|Akademmistechko]] stations).

=== Second line ===
Construction of the second line (M2) began in 1971. The line became known as "Kurenivsko-Chervonoarmiyska"; however, the name did not completely correspond to the actual route, as it does not pass via [[Kurenivka]]. In mid-1960, when plans for the line were made, the construction was expected to go towards Kurenivka and Priorka, connecting Zavodska station (instead of today's [[Tarasa Shevchenka (Kyiv Metro)|Tarasa Shevchenka]]), Petropavlivska station near [[Kurenivskyi park]], and Shevhenka Square station under the square.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=uk:Схема розвитку метро|date=9 Mar 1963|work=Вечірній Київ|language=uk|trans-title=The underground development scheme}}</ref> However, as the decision to create the [[Obolon, Kyiv|Obolon]] residential district was made,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://obolon.kyivcity.gov.ua/content/mennyu-1.html|script-title=uk:Історична Довідка - Оболонська районна в м.Києві Державна Адміністрація|website=obolon.kyivcity.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The historical note. Obolon' District Government Administration in Kyiv|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2018-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215172743/https://obolon.kyivcity.gov.ua/content/mennyu-1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> these plans changed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://obolon.name/kak-pridumali-obolon/|script-title=ru:Как придумали Оболонь?|date=2015-11-07|work=Интересная Оболонь|access-date=2017-07-05|language=ru|trans-title=How Obolon' was created|archive-date=2017-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707101633/http://obolon.name/kak-pridumali-obolon/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The new line was constructed in the open and its stations were not constructed deep underground. Because of this, historical buildings were demolished in the [[Podil]] neighborhood. During construction, archaeologists discovered a {{Convert|600-700|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} house dated from [[Kievan Rus'|Kyivs'ka Rus']] (879–1240) under the Red Square (now [[Kontraktova Square]]). The discovery helped historians understand the life of Podil inhabitants in the [[Middle Ages]] at a much more profound scale.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://gazeta.ua/articles/history-newspaper/_u-davnomu-kiyevi-buli-derevyani-trotuari/180981|script-title=uk:У давньому Києві були дерев"яні тротуари|last=Gazeta.ua|date=2007-09-07|work=Gazeta.ua|access-date=2017-07-04|language=uk|trans-title=Ancient Kyiv had wooden sidewalks|archive-date=2017-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925035658/https://gazeta.ua/articles/history-newspaper/_u-davnomu-kiyevi-buli-derevyani-trotuari/180981|url-status=live}}</ref> This archaeological research was one of the reasons the underground construction was suspended, which is why the small {{Convert|2.32|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} stretch was opened only on 17 December 1976. It contained three stations: Kalinina Square (later renamed to Ploshcha Zhovtnevoi Revolutsii ({{Lit|October Revolution Square}}) on 17 October 1977<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/250|title=Хронологія розвитку метро {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The chronology of underground development. The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610114728/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/250|url-status=live}}</ref> for the upcoming 60th anniversary of the October Revolution; now [[Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Kyiv Metro)|Maidan Nezalezhnosti]]), [[Poshtova Ploshcha (Kyiv Metro)|Poshtova Ploshcha]], and [[Kontraktova Ploshcha (Kyiv Metro)|Chervona Ploshcha]]. Additionally, there was a repair facility near Chervona Ploshcha and a transfer corridor to the older (M1) line, separate for trains and passengers.<ref name=":3" /> This corridor allowed the exchange of rolling stock, and more importantly, allowed trains on the new line to access the Darnytsia depot until a new one appeared in 1988.

Simultaneously, an extension on the first line was made eastward. In 1978, Pionerska station was opened, which might have been the next step towards the realization of Stalin times projects (the line was planned to be extended to [[Brovary]], the [[satellite town]] of Kyiv).<ref name=":5" /> Nevertheless, construction on the first line came to a halt, and, as of 4 July 2017, there were no plans yet to extend the line eastwards beyond Lisova station,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kyivgenplan.grad.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/17-Рейковий-пас.-транспорт.jpg|script-title=uk:Рейковий пасажирський транспорт|date=2014-11-17|work=КП "Київгенплан"|access-date=2017-07-04|language=uk|trans-title=The rail passenger transport|archive-date=2022-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210738/http://kyivgenplan.grad.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/17-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81.-%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref> so construction efforts were shifted to the second line.

[[File:Heroiv Dnipra metro station Kiev 2011 01.jpg|thumb|[[Heroiv Dnipra (Kyiv Metro)|Heroiv Dnipra]] station, built as part of the second line]]The second line—which became known as the Kurenivsko-Chervonoarmiyska line (today the [[Obolonsko–Teremkivska line]])—continued expanding. On 19 December 1980, three new stations—[[Tarasa Shevchenka (Kyiv Metro)|Tarasa Shevchenka]], Petrivka (now [[Pochaina (Kyiv Metro)|Pochaina]] station), and Prospekt Korniychuka (now [[Obolon (Kyiv Metro)|Obolon]] station)—were opened on the northern part of the line. After another two years, the [[Minska (Kyiv Metro)|Minska]] and [[Heroiv Dnipra (Kyiv Metro)|Heroiv Dnipra]] stations were added to the second line, on the 55th anniversary of the October Revolution. This connected the then-largest residential district of Kyiv to the rapid transit network.

Construction did not stop at the southern end of the line. [[Ploshcha Lva Tolstoho (Kyiv Metro)|Ploshcha Lva Tolstoho]] and Respublikanskyi Stadion (now [[Olimpiiska (Kyiv Metro)|Olimpiiska]] station) were opened on 19 December 1981,<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 Oct 2008 |title=Площа Льва Толстого {{!}} Київський метрополітен |trans-title="Ploshcha Lva Tolstoho" {{!}} The Kyiv underground |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/171 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421140314/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F171 |archive-date=2021-04-21 |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 Oct 2008 |title=Олімпійська {{!}} Київський метрополітен |trans-title="Olimpiiska" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/172 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421150624/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F172 |archive-date=2021-04-21 |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref> followed by Chervonoarmiiska (now [[Palats "Ukrayina" (Kyiv Metro)|Palats "Ukrayina"]] station) and Dzerzhynska (now [[Lybidska (Kyiv Metro)|Lybidska]] station) on 30 December 1984. Construction then started to the southwest of the newly opened terminus but was soon interrupted by an accident while workers were drilling through the difficult terrain under the [[Lybid River|Lybid river]]. Further work only continued 21 years later, in the summer of 2005.<ref name=":2" />

=== Infrastructure development ===
[[File:SBL KKL Transfer 2 Kiev 2012 01.jpg|thumb|This is the so-called "long" corridor on the transfer between lines M1 and M2, opened in late 1986.]]In 1980, while the construction of the M2 line was at its height, the new rolling stock from Metrowagonmash ([[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]]) started to be used.<ref name=":2" />

In 1985, a new train repair plant was built, first called ОМ-2. Additionally, once it appeared that the corridor between October Revolution Square and Khreshchatyk was not able to cope with the stream of passengers, a second corridor was built (informally called the "long" corridor), opening on 3 December 1986.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=uk:Метро діє, розширюється: [Вчора відкрито другий пересадочний вузол між станціями метро «Хрещатик» і «Площа Жовтневої революції»]|date=4 Dec 1986|work=Вечірній Київ|language=uk|trans-title=The underground works and expands: [The second transfer corridor between "Khreshchatyk" and "Ploshcha Zhovtnevoi Revolutsii" stations was opened yesterday.]}}</ref> The same year, disambiguation to the Darnytsia depot was made (three tracks were made, of which two are for passenger traffic, while the third was supposed to let the trains exit the depot).{{Clarify|reason=Were the three tracks new, or old and repurposed?|date=November 2022}}

On 30 December 1987, the second (eastern) exit from the Hydropark station was built and opened only in summer.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=uk:І стала зупинка станцією. [Учора відкрито новий вихід на станції «Гідропарк»]|last=Мотлях|first=П.|date=31 Dec 1987|work=Вечірній Київ|language=uk|trans-title=And a stop became a station [Yesterday, a new exit from Hidropark station was opened]}}</ref>

Lastly, on 19 March 1988, a new depot (called the [[Obolon Depot]]) was created to serve the M2 line.<ref name=":3" />

=== Third line ===
====Soviet period====
[[File:Zoloti Vorota metro station Kiev 2010 01.jpg|thumb|right|[[Zoloti Vorota (Kyiv Metro)|Zoloti Vorota]] station incorporates a very distinctive Ukrainian theme in its design.]]
[[File:Hidropark metro station Kiev 2011 07.jpg|thumb|The eastern exit facade of [[Hidropark (Kyiv Metro)|Hidropark]] station, created in 1987]]The first event connected with the construction of the third line (M3) was the creation of a new tunnel on the M1 line between the Vokzalna and Khreshchatyk stations. In the middle of it, a new station, Leninska, was to arise, specially designed as a transfer hub to the future M3 line. When the new tunnel was ready to be connected to the rest of the line, service in the old M1 tunnel between Vokzalna and Khreshchatyk was interrupted from 31 March to 1 October 1987. During this time, two [[shuttle train]]s carried passengers from Vokzalna to Universytet stations, and the tunnel between Universytet and Khreshchatyk was closed. To manage passengers, additional temporary lines of [[bus]]es and [[trolleybus]]es were created.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |script-title=uk:Київський тролейбус|last1=Kozlov|first1=P.|last2=Mashkevych|first2=S.|title=Kyiv trolleybus |year=2009|isbn=978-966-8825-58-3|language=uk|trans-title=The Kyivan trolleybus}}</ref> The Leninska station itself was inaugurated on the 70th anniversary of the October Revolution, on 6 November 1987,<ref name=":4" /> and is now known as [[Teatralna (Kyiv Metro)|Teatralna]] station.

The older tunnels, over {{Cvt|300|m|ft|abbr=on}} each, partially cut by the ceiling of the [[Zoloti Vorota (Kyiv Metro)|Zoloti Vorota]] station, still exist and are now accessible only for maintenance by staff.

Construction of the third line (called the [[Syretsko-Pecherska Line]], the northwest–southeast axis) started in 1981. The initial {{Cvt|2.1|km|mi|abbr=on}} segment was finished on 31 December 1989 and featured three stations: [[Zoloti Vorota (Kyiv Metro)|Zoloti Vorota]], [[Palats Sportu (Kyiv Metro)|Palats Sportu]], and Mechnikova (now [[Klovska (Kyiv Metro)|Klovska]]). The first two were transfer hubs to other lines; the third was the start of a technical tunnel between lines M2 and M3, which allowed trains from the M3 line to use the Obolon depot on the M2 line. Until 30 April 1990, the exit from Zoloti Vorota station (the then-northern terminus of M3) was only possible via Leninska station. An exit from Zoloti Vorota onto Volodymyrska Street was only opened on 1 May 1990.<ref name=":3" />

A total of 31 stations and {{Cvt|34.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} of passenger tunnels were constructed during the first 31 years of the subway system in the Ukrainian SSR.

==== Post-independence====
[[File:Південний міст у Києві.JPG|thumb|262x262px|The aluminium construction of [[Pivdennyi Bridge (Kyiv)|Pivdennyi Bridge]] can be seen on the bottom left]]Despite severe economic problems<!-- See: hyperinflation in Ukraine (Russian wikipedia). A separate article recommended  --> at the dawn of Ukrainian independence, momentum on the Kyiv Metro construction was not lost. On 30 December 1991, [[Druzhby Narodiv (Kyiv Metro)|Druzhby Narodiv]] and [[Vydubychi (Kyiv Metro)|Vydubychi]] stations were opened ([[Pecherska (Kyiv Metro)|Pecherska]] station was opened six years later, on 27 December 1997, since its construction had to be frozen due to hydrotechnical problems).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/184|title=Печерська {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=24 Oct 2008|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Pechers'ka" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210635/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F184|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1992, the line crossed the Dnieper river to [[Slavutych (Kyiv Metro)|Slavutych]] and [[Osokorky (Kyiv Metro)|Osokorky]] stations via the [[Pivdennyi Bridge (Kyiv)|Pivdennyi Bridge]]. Initially, this bridge (which was open from the sides) was intended to be covered by an [[aluminium]] construction, but this was found to be ineffective protection against snow and rain.<ref name=":2" />

While the construction of the bridge segment was in progress, [[Telychka (Kyiv Metro)|Telychka]] station was also under construction. However, due to factory closures in the surrounding heavily industrialized area, the station construction site was abandoned. What remains of it now is a platform and a [[ventilation shaft]], so the station can be used in emergency cases (e.g. a fire or train breakdown).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://mignews.com.ua/regiony/kiev/1236153.html|script-title=ru:В киевском метро обнаружили секретную станцию "Теличка"|date=28 Nov 2011|work=Mignews.com.ua|access-date=2017-07-05|language=ru|trans-title="Telychka" secret station was found in the Kyiv metro|archive-date=2022-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226063240/https://mignews.com.ua/regiony/kiev/1236153.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Two years later (on 28 December 1994), the M3 line was further extended to the east, when [[Pozniaky (Kyiv Metro)|Pozniaky]] and [[Kharkivska (Kyiv Metro)|Kharkivska]] stations were revealed to the public. Pozniaky station was the first distinctly three-floor underground station in Kyiv; the lower floor was used by the underground, while the middle and the top floors were used by small market stalls. This structure later enabled the station to easily become a transfer hub for the upcoming [[Livoberezhna line (Kyiv Metro)|Livoberezhna line]] (M5) by replacing the stalls with passenger transfer areas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/189|title=Позняки {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=25 Oct 2008|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Pozniaky" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930214126/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F189|url-status=live}}</ref> The opening of these stations was crucial for the rapidly developing [[Poznyaky]] and [[Kharkivskyi Masyv|Kharkivskyi]] residential districts.

In the mid-1990s, construction of a northwestern expansion to the older Syrets district began, with the first extension made on 30 December 1996. Then, [[Lukianivska (Kyiv Metro)|Lukianivska]] station became the new terminus of the line. [[Lvivska Brama (Kyiv Metro)|Lvivska Brama]] station was also built (between Zoloti Vorota and Lukianivska), but its construction came to a halt in 1997 due to a lack of money and disagreement on how [[Lvivska Square]] should be reconstructed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/371|title=Львівська брама {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=7 December 2008|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Lvivska brama" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930221307/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F371|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 30 March 2000, the next station on the line, [[Dorohozhychi (Kyiv Metro)|Dorohozhychi]], was opened. Another station, [[Hertsena (Kyiv Metro)|Hertsena]] station<ref>{{Cite web |title=Проект станции "Герцена" {{!}} Онлайн-музей Киевского метро {{!}} Все о метрополитене Киева |trans-title="Hertsena" station project {{!}} The Kyiv Metro online museum {{!}} Everything about the Kyiv underground |url=http://subwaymuseum.net/projects/all/gerzena |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509224140/http://subwaymuseum.net/projects/all/gerzena |archive-date=2017-05-09 |access-date=2017-07-05 |website=subwaymuseum.net |language=ru}}</ref> (situated between Lukianivska and Dorohozhychi stations), was also planned—even potentially under initial construction<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|url=http://cultkiev.com/news/metropolitan-50-years-in-kiev|title=Метрополитен – 50 лет в Киеве {{!}} CULT KIEV|website=cultkiev.com|language=ru|trans-title=Underground - 50 years in Kyiv|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808215214/http://cultkiev.com/news/metropolitan-50-years-in-kiev|archive-date=2017-08-08|url-status=usurped}}</ref>—but ultimately abandoned. Neither the current official scheme (see below) nor the [http://turotvet.com/files/kiev-metro-map.jpg earlier one] indicates this station.

Four years later, on 14 October 2004, the M3 line was further extended to the northwest, ending at [[Syrets (Kyiv Metro)|Syrets]] station (still the current terminus of the line).

At the same time, works were done on the southeastern stretch of the line, with [[Boryspilska (Kyiv Metro)|Boryspilska]] station opening on 23 August 2005<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wek.kiev.ua/uk/Бориспільська_(станція_метро)|script-title=uk:Бориспільська (станція метро) — WWW Енциклопедія Києва|website=wek.kiev.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Boryspilska" metro station - WWW Kiev encyclopaedia|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2018-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430195547/http://wek.kiev.ua/uk/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE)|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Vyrlytsia (Kyiv Metro)|Vyrlytsia]] opening on 7 March 2006. At first, Vyrlytsia was only an emergency exit, and the station was not planned to be built. However, the City Council later decided, in November 2005, to convert the exit into a full station, which is the reason why this station has side platforms.

On 23 August 2007, the third and newest depot in the Kyiv Metro—[[Kharkivske Depot (Kyiv Metro)|Kharkivske Depot]]—was opened.

In September 2005, construction began on [[Chervony Khutir (Kyiv Metro)|Chervonyi Khutir]] station, the last station on the M3 line. In April 2007, the [[Mayor of Kyiv]], [[Leonid Chernovetskyi]], fearing the station will have low ridership, claimed the station would be subject to conservation{{Clarify|date=November 2022}}, as "animals do not ride in the underground" (he meant that the station was situated near the forest, with not many buildings nearby, so there were no people to use the station).<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=http://ua.korrespondent.net/ukraine/289538-stolichnu-stanciyu-metro-chervonij-hutir-zakonservuyut|script-title=uk:Столичну станцію метро Червоний хутір законсервують|last=Korrespondent.net|date=12 Apr 2007|access-date=2017-07-05|language=uk|trans-title=The capital's "Chervonyi Khutir" metro station will undergo conservation|archive-date=2017-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912011530/http://ua.korrespondent.net/ukraine/289538-stolichnu-stanciyu-metro-chervonij-hutir-zakonservuyut|url-status=live}}</ref> Nevertheless, the works continued, and, after a few months' delay,<ref name=":8" /> the station opened on 23 May 2008, for the Kyiv Day celebration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kyiv.comments.ua/news/2008/05/23/154322.html|script-title=uk:У Києві відкрили станцію метро "Червоний хутір"|date=23 May 2008|work=comments.ua|access-date=2017-07-05|language=uk|trans-title="Chervony Khutor" metro station opened in Kyiv|archive-date=2017-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911211930/https://kyiv.comments.ua/news/2008/05/23/154322.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The timing coincided with the upcoming mayoral elections on 25 May 2008. This station had the second-lowest ridership in the Kyiv Metro as of 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2018/01/09/u-2017-rotsi-kiyivskim-metro-skoristalosya-mayzhe-500-milyoniv-pasazhiriv/|script-title=uk:У 2017 році в київському метро проїхали майже 500 мільйонів пасажирів|date=January 9, 2018|website=hmarochos.kiev.ua|publisher=Hmarochos|language=uk|trans-title=In the year 2017 almost 500 million passengers used Kyiv Metro|access-date=December 10, 2018|archive-date=December 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010124/https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2018/01/09/u-2017-rotsi-kiyivskim-metro-skoristalosya-mayzhe-500-milyoniv-pasazhiriv/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Early post-independence phase (1991–2013) ===

[[File:Голосеевская 06.jpg|thumb|Holosiivska station]]Until the 2000s, the M1 line terminated at [[Sviatoshyn (Kyiv Metro)|Sviatoshyn]] station (renamed in 1993 from Sviatoshyno station) at the western end. However, new apartments had emerged since 1971, mostly in Bilychi and western Sviatoshyn, which created a need for an extension of the line to the housing facilities.

Construction of the {{Convert|3.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} final section of today's M1 line started in the fall of 2000. [[Zhytomyrska (Kyiv Metro)|Zhytomyrska]] station and [[Akademmistechko (Kyiv Metro)|Akademmistechko]] station were built, with delays due to irregular financing. Prospect Peremohy (now [[Prospect Beresteiskyi]]) was partially closed from 14 January 2001 to 25 December 2002, to construct the tunnels beneath the street.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/MA010827.html|script-title=uk:Розпорядження №827 від 25.04.2001, Про зміни в організації руху транспорту по проспекту Перемоги на період винесення інженерних мереж|date=25 Apr 2001|website=search.ligazakon.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 821, from 25.04.2001, "On changes in road organisation on Peremohy avenue during the transportation of engineering devices"|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2018-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122452/http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/MA010827.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This final extension of the M1 line was opened on 24 May 2003.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/118|title=Святошинсько-Броварська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska line {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210110/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F118|url-status=live}}</ref>

Construction of the southwestern segment of the M2 line restarted in the summer of 2005, 21 years after the Lybid river accident. Difficult terrain made the work fall behind the schedule, originally the [[Demiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Demiivska]] station was planned to be opened in 2009 but the opening had to be postponed until 2010 after in 2006, one year after the construction started, the retaining wall collapsed with gantry crane damaging city communications.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://fotki.yandex.ru/next/users/klovsky/album/62255/view/193133?page=1|script-title=ru:Авария на "Демиевской"|date=28 Jan 2006|work=Яндекс.Фотки|access-date=2017-07-05|language=ru|trans-title=Accident on "Demiivska"|archive-date=2017-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813010002/https://fotki.yandex.ru/next/users/klovsky/album/62255/view/193133?page=1|url-status=live}}</ref> Later, in 2008, the tunneling shield got stuck several times during tunnel construction. By 2009 there were five fatalities in various accidents occurred at the line's construction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spilno.org/article/metro-na-teremky-istoriya-trahedii|title=Метро на Теремки - історія трагедії|website=Spilno}}</ref> On 15 December 2010, [[Demiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Demiivska]], [[Holosiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Holosiivska]], and [[Vasylkivska (Kyiv Metro)|Vasylkivska]] stations were opened.

The 50th station, [[Vystavkovyi Tsentr (Kyiv Metro)|Vystavkovyi Tsentr]], was unveiled a year later, on 27 December 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ukranews.com/ua/news/2560-vidkryttya-stancii-metro-vystavkovyy-centr|script-title=uk:Відкриття станції метро "Виставковий центр"|date=28 Dec 2011|website=ukranews.com|language=uk|trans-title=The opening of "Vystavkovyi tsentr" metro station|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2018-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010245/https://ukranews.com/ua/news/2560-vidkryttya-stancii-metro-vystavkovyy-centr|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ipodrom (Kyiv Metro)|Ipodrom]] followed suit on 25 October 2012. Initially, Ipodrom was planned to be opened together with [[Teremky (Kyiv Metro)|Teremky]] station in November 2012,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/4e8182808e3fc/|script-title=uk:Станція "Виставковий центр" запрацює 27 грудня|date=27 Sep 2011|work=Українська правда - Київ|access-date=2017-07-05|language=uk|trans-title="Vystavkovy tsentr" station will start function on 27 December|archive-date=2014-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201090056/http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/4e8182808e3fc/|url-status=live}}</ref> but, with the lack of financing and lagging behind the schedule, only Ipodrom was opened by then (ahead of schedule, partly thanks to funds reallocation, and partly because of the [[2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election|2012 parliamentary elections]] due for 28 October).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/3197|title=Станція "Іподром" прийняла перший поїзд (ФОТОРЕПОРТАЖ) {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=22 Oct 2012|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Ipodrom" station accepted its first train (PHOTOS) {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210116/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/3197|url-status=live}}</ref> The Ipodrom–Teremky section would wait for underground construction funds until 2013. As there was no turnaround option for trains there, a [[shuttle train]] drove between Vystavkovyi Tsentr and Ipodrom stations until Teremky station was opened on 6 November 2013, to commemorate the 70th anniversary of Kyiv's liberation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.unian.ua/kyiv/849266-u-kievi-vidkrito-novu-stantsiyu-metro-teremki.html|script-title=uk:У Києві відкрито нову станцію метро “Теремки”|date=6 Nov 2013|work=УНІАН|access-date=2017-07-05|language=uk|trans-title=New "Teremky" metro station opened in Kyiv|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210056/https://www.unian.ua/kyiv/849266-u-kievi-vidkrito-novu-stantsiyu-metro-teremki.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As of {{currentyear}}, this was the last extension or opening of any underground-connected facility (not taking into account the opening of the second exit from Osokorky station, which was built together with the station but opened only in 2014).

=== Russian full-scale invasion ===
[[File:People on a metro station during Russian invasion, Kyiv, 2022.jpg|thumb|Residents sheltering in the metro during the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]]]
During the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] on 24 February, regular service on the metro was suspended.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tsvetkova |first=Maria |date=2022-02-24 |title=Kyiv residents defiant as curfew imposed after Russian invasion |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraines-capital-some-people-stock-up-supplies-others-try-flee-2022-02-24/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226043443/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraines-capital-some-people-stock-up-supplies-others-try-flee-2022-02-24/ |archive-date=2022-02-26 |access-date=2022-02-26 |work=Reuters |language=en}}</ref> A reduced schedule was adopted with limited services running between 8:00 and 19:00. All underground stations (47 of the 52 total) have remained open 24 hours a day to function as [[Air raid shelter|bomb shelters]].<ref name=":11" />

In the wake of air raid missile attacks, metro stations have been often used as bomb shelters. According to [[Kyiv]]'s [[Mayor of Kyiv|mayor]] [[Vitali Klitschko]], on 2 March 2022, as many as 150,000 residents of Kyiv sought shelter in the city's metro.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |date=24 February 2022 |title=Ukraine's underground metro stations double as bomb shelters amid Russian invasion |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/russia-ukraine-war/story/ukraine-kyiv-underground-metro-stations-double-as-bomb-shelters-amid-russian-invasion-1917180-2022-02-24 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224072418/https://www.indiatoday.in/world/russia-ukraine-war/story/ukraine-kyiv-underground-metro-stations-double-as-bomb-shelters-amid-russian-invasion-1917180-2022-02-24 |archive-date=2022-02-24 |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

During [[Russia]]'s [[Kyiv strikes (2022–present)|attacks]] on [[Kyiv]], there had been cases of metro stations getting damaged. For the first time [[Lukianivska (Kyiv Metro)|Lukyanivska]] metro station was damaged 15 March 2022 and had to temporarily stop its operation for repair.<ref>{{Cite web|title=У Києві під час обстрілу постраждала станція метро «Лук'янівська» (ФОТО)|url=https://varta1.com.ua/news/u-kiievi-pid-chas-obstrilu-postrazhdala-stanciya-metro-luk-yanivska-foto_342741.html|website=Varta1|date=15 March 2022 }}</ref> 29 December 2023 the station got damaged again.<ref>{{Cite web|title="Здавалося, стеля буде сипатися": наслідки руйнувань на станції метро "Лук'янівська" у Києві|url=https://24tv.ua/ataka-kiyiv-29-grudnya-shho-vidomo-pro-vibuhi-bilya-stantsiyi_n2462177|website=24 канал|date=29 December 2023 }}</ref>

8 July 2024 people had to be evacuated from [[Lukianivska (Kyiv Metro)|Lukyanivska]] metro station because of another air strike<ref>{{Cite web|title=Попередньо, поруч було влучання: у Києві евакуюють людей зі станції метро "Лук'янівська", – ЗМІ|url=https://24tv.ua/obstril-kiyeva-8-lipnya-lyudey-evakuyuvali-zi-stantsiyi-metro_n2592094|website=24 канал|date=8 July 2024 }}</ref> and the open part of M1 line had to be temporarily closed to remove the dangerous objects.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Київське метро повністю відновило роботу після ракетної атаки 8 липня|url=https://24tv.ua/vibuhi-kiyevi-8-lipnya-2024-kmda-zminilo-ruh-poyizdiv-metro-novini_n2592357|website=24 канал|date=8 July 2024 }}</ref>

2 September 2024 [[Sviatoshyn (Kyiv Metro)|Sviatoshyn]] metro station got damaged in an air strike.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Внаслідок атаки на Київ пошкоджено станцію метро «Святошин» та мечеть на Нивках|url=https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2024/09/02/vnaslidok-ataky-na-kyyiv-poshkodzheno-stancziyu-metro-svyatoshyn-ta-magazyny-navkolo/|website=Хмарочос|date=2 September 2024 }}</ref>

1 January 2025 one of the vestibules of [[Khreshchatyk (Kyiv Metro)|Khreshchatyk]] metro station got damaged by a kamikaze drone.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Внаслідок атаки по Києву зазнала руйнувань станція метро Хрещатик|url=https://kiev.informator.ua/uk/vnaslidok-ataki-po-kiyevu-zaznala-ruynuvan-stanciya-metro-hreshchatik|website=Інформатор Київ|date=20 December 2024 }}</ref>

18 January 2025 a rocket fell near the [[Lukianivska (Kyiv Metro)|Lukyanivska]] metro station, damaging its vestibule and city communications and killing three people.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ад на Лук'янівці у Києві - потоп, пожежі, зруйнована станція метро: Шевченківський район оговтується після ранкової атаки|url=https://kiev.informator.ua/uk/ad-na-luk-yanivci-u-kiyevi-potop-pozhezhi-zruynovana-stanciya-metro-shevchenkivskiy-rayon-ogovtuyetsya-pislya-rankovoji-ataki|website=Інформатор Київ|date=20 December 2024 }}</ref> The station got damaged again on April 24.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Під час атаки на Київ вп'яте постраждала станція метро «Лук'янівська»|url=https://glavcom.ua/kyiv/news/pid-chas-ataki-na-kijiv-vpjate-postrazhdala-stantsija-metro-lukjanivska-1055695.html|website=Главком|date=24 April 2025 }}</ref>

=== Metro tunnels flooding in 2023 ===
8 December 2023, ten years after the controversial construction of metro to [[Teremky]] was finished, [[Kyiv City Council]] informed that the tunnel of the second line between [[Lybidska (Kyiv Metro)|Lybidska]] and [[Demiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Demiivska]] stations has been depressurized{{clarify|date=May 2025}} and the rails are flooded. Because of this accident the rest of the line which led to [[Teremky]] had to be closed, it caused serious transportation problems since that metro line was the main mode of transport in that part of the city.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kolesnichenko |first=Oleksandr |url=https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2023/12/8/707505/ |title=Теремки і Голосіїв без метро. Що трапилось з "синьою" гілкою метрополітену |trans-title=Teremki and Holosiiv without a metro. What happened to the "blue" metro line |lang=uk |date=2023-12-08 |newspaper=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |publication-place=Kyiv}}</ref>

The next day after the announcement similar problems have been discovered on the other end of the line at the [[Pochaina (Kyiv Metro)|Pochaina]] station which was built in 1980.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://enovosty.com/uk/news-ukr/news_kiev-ukr/full/0912-u-kiyevi-shhe-odna-stanciya-metro-perebuvaye-pid-zagrozoyu-zatoplennya-u-merezhu-potrapilo-video | title=У Києві ще одна станція метро перебуває під загрозою затоплення: у мережу потрапило відео | date=9 December 2023 }}</ref>

On 9 December, [[Prime Minister of Ukraine]] [[Denys Shmyhal]] gathered an emergency meeting of the State Commission on Emergency Situations regarding the accident.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://24tv.ua/rozgermetizatsiya-metro-kiyevi-shmigal-doruchiv-provesti-zasidannya_n2448855 | title=Найважливіше – убезпечити життя людей: Шмигаль збирає засідання Держкомісії через метро у Києві | date=9 December 2023 }}</ref> Police initiated searches of the engineering organisation responsible for the tunnels, administration of Kyiv Metro and Kyiv City Council, obtaining the construction documents for the investigation of the negligence case.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://telegraf.com.ua/ukr/ukraina/2023-12-13/5822396-obshuki-cherez-zatoplennya-metro-u-kievi-u-prokuraturi-ozvuchili-podrobitsi | title=Обшуки через затоплення метро у Києві: у прокуратурі озвучили подробиці | date=13 December 2023 }}</ref>

On 13 December, the so-called 'shuttle traffic' began to operate, so the second line was split in two separate parts with a tunnel reconstruction site between them, buses had been launched to replace the full line.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.5.ua/kyiv/u-kyievi-mizh-stantsiiamy-metro-teremky-demiivska-zapratsiuie-chovnykovyi-rukh-318880.html | title=У Києві між станціями метро "Теремки" – "Деміївська" запрацює "човниковий" рух | date=13 December 2023 }}</ref>

On 17 December, the buildings of an abandoned Demiivskyi market which was located at the top of the damaged tunnel began to subside.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/kyiv/podii/2023-12-17/situatsiya-usugublyaetsya-nad-tonnelem-metropolitena-v-kieve-nachali-prosedat-zdaniya-foto/310516 | title=Ситуація погіршується: над тунелем метрополітену в Києві почали просідати будівлі, фото }}</ref>

On 18 December, the administration of Kyiv Metro announced that the repair works between [[Tarasa Shevchenka (Kyiv Metro)|Tarasa Shevchenka]] and [[Pochaina (Kyiv Metro)|Pochaina]] stations will start in the summer of 2024 but they won't need the train movement to be stopped.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.5.ua/kyiv/u-kyivskomu-metro-zakryiut-shche-odnu-dilianku-na-remont-shcho-vidomo-319182.html | title=У метро Києва планують ремонтувати ще одну ділянку – чи перекриватимуть рух (оновлено) | date=18 December 2023 }}</ref> The same day [[Kyivpastrans]] announced compensation for e-tickets spent on transfer between 'shuttle traffic'.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.obozrevatel.com/ukr/zhizn-stolitsyi/u-kievi-pochali-povertati-groshi-za-peresadku-cherez-zakritu-chastinu-sinoi-gilki-metro-yak-otrimati-koshti.htm | title=У Києві почали повертати гроші за пересадку через закриту частину синьої гілки метро: як діятиме компенсація | date=18 December 2023 }}</ref>

On 24 January 2024, Kyiv Department of Transport Infrastructure announced that by the results of the expertise the cause of the accident was a bad quality of the project and construction work.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2024/01/24/709128/ | title=КМДА оголосила причину деформації тунелю між станціями метро "Деміївська" та "Либідська" }}</ref>

3 March 2024, in response to various claims about Kyiv Metro being in danger of a major flooding,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.telegraf.com.ua/ukr/kiev/2024-02-23/5835924-kiivske-metro-mozhe-piti-pid-vodu-pid-zagrozoyu-perebuvayut-usi-stantsii-video|title="Київське метро може піти під воду": під загрозою перебувають усі станції (відео)|website=Telegraf|date=23 February 2024 }}</ref> [[Mayor of Kyiv]] [[Vitaly Klitschko]] stated that such claims are being made only by people who are uneducated in the sphere of transport infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Загрози затоплення метро в Києві не існує, – Кличко|url=https://censor.net/biz/news/3476457/zagrozy_zatoplennya_metro_v_kyyevi_ne_isnuye_klychko|website=Бізнес Цензор}}</ref>

24 July 2024 Kyiv City Prosecutor's Office announced that they never received a result of Kyiv Metro's expertise and that the flooding was caused not by a construction mistakes but rather by improper operation of the tunnels. It was discovered that the tunnel isolation checks in 2011-2023 never included specialists from research institutes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Підтоплення тунелю київського метро є наслідком неналежної експлуатації, а не неякісного будівництва — прокуратура|url=https://hromadske.ua/suspilstvo/228326-pidtoplennia-tuneliu-kyyivskoho-metro-ye-naslidkom-nenaleznoyi-ekspluatatsiyi-a-ne-neiakisne-budivnytstvo-prokuratura|website=Hromadske|date=24 July 2024 }}</ref>

On 11 September 2024, the reconstruction of the tunnel was announced to be complete, and the Obolonsko–Teremkivska line continued operating as normal starting from the next day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prasad |first=Anita |date=11 September 2024 |title= |script-title=uk:У Києві відновлять рух метро між станціями «Деміївська» та «Теремки» 12 вересня |trans-title=In Kyiv, metro traffic will resume between stations Demiivska and Teremky on September 12 |url=https://forbes.ua/news/u-kievi-vidnovlyat-rukh-metro-mizh-stantsiyami-demiivska-ta-teremki-12-veresnya-11092024-23547 |access-date=14 September 2024 |website=Forbes Ukraine}}</ref>

== Modernization ==

=== Rolling stock===
[[File:81-7021 Kyiv Metro.jpg|thumb|A new generation (81–7021) Kyiv metro train being prepared for use in its depot]][[File:Ua-metro-ky1-ch1-20050625c.jpg|thumb|right|A Ezh-type train on the M1 line]]In the 1990s, the Kyiv Metro authority was mostly concerned with new underground construction, rather than old infrastructure modernization. This changed in March 2001, when an experimental modification of [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]] trains, the [[Slavutych 81-553.1/554.1/555.1 wagons|Slavutych 81-553.1/554.1/555.1 wagon]], was launched from Obolon depot. It included an increased number of electronic devices and [[induction motor]]s (instead of [[synchronous motor]]s in earlier series). The train model, however, was not released into [[mass production]], so the test train remained the only one from its series.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metroworld.ruz.net/trains/slavutich.htm|script-title=ru:Мир метро / Metroworld - Подвижной состав|website=metroworld.ruz.net|language=ru|trans-title=The Metro world / Metroworld - rolling stock|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2011-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019135633/http://metroworld.ruz.net/trains/slavutich.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> This experimental 81-553.1 train was operated on the Obolonsko–Teremkivska line between 2001 - 2011 because of maintenance and due to fact the Vagonmash closed in 2013, and parts that were produced are no longer to be produced, and it was placed into storage in Tch-2 Obolon depot.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}

The modification of [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]] (81-717.5М/714.5М) trains arrived three years later at the Darnytsia depot.

Another modification of the 81-717/714 series, the [[c:Category:81-7021/7022|81-7021–7022]], made by the [[KVBZ|Kryukiv wagon-manufacturing plant]] (KVBZ), would be the first underground train made in Ukraine in the Kyiv Metro. This new model was first unveiled to the then-[[President of Ukraine]], [[Viktor Yushchenko]], at the opening of the Boryspilska station.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=http://vagon.metro.ru/passenger/81-7021.html|script-title=ru:Опытные электровагоны типов 81-7021/7022|website=vagon.metro.ru|language=ru|trans-title=Experienced trains of 81-7021/7022 model|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2017-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719104629/http://vagon.metro.ru/passenger/81-7021.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Five months later, a sample was sent to the Darnytsia depot for trials, where an error was detected. Further tests were conducted from 17 June 2006 in the Obolon depot. Finally, in July 2008, the trains were accepted by the governmental commission and were given a special license allowing them to be mass-produced (following Ukrainian technical standards).<ref name=":9" /> They started carrying passengers in 2009. 81-7021–7022 trains were supposed to substitute the older 81-717/714 trains, but, as of 5 July 2017, there was only one train of such a model.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/127|title=Вагони виробництва КВБЗ {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610101900/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/127|url-status=live}}</ref>

The next modified trains, 81-540.2К/81-714.5М, made by [["Wagonmash" (enterprise)|Wagonmash]] ([[Saint Petersburg|St. Peterburg]]) and [[Metrowagonmash]], are another modification of [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]], arrived in 2010,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/3452|title=Вагони типу 81-540.2К/81-714.5М {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610120101/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/3452|url-status=live}}</ref> with additional trains set on rails in 2013.<ref>[http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/kyiv-metro-gets-new-station-and-trains.html?sword_list%5B%5D=Kiev&no_cache=1 Kyiv metro gets new station and trains] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018202057/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/kyiv-metro-gets-new-station-and-trains.html?sword_list%5B%5D=Kiev&no_cache=1 |date=2016-10-18 }}, [[Railway Gazette International]] (27 August 2013)</ref>

Finally, in 2014–2016, new [[81-7080]] trains were transported from KVBZ to the Kyiv Metro, which is now actively used on the M1 line.

In 2023, [[Warsaw Metro]] donated 60 cars of its decommissioned [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]] series trains to Kyiv Metro. They will be used as parts donors to overhaul the existing rolling stock or enter passenger service to strengthen the current fleet. The first set entered service on the M3 Line on 1 November 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kyivcity.gov.ua/news/vitaliy_klichko_prokhavsya_v_potyazi_z_vagoniv_metro_yaki_kiv_otrimav_vid_varshavi_vidsogodni_potyag_kursuye_zelenoyu_gilkoyu_stolichnogo_metropolitenu_foto_video/ |title=Віталій Кличко проїхався в потязі з вагонів метро, які Київ отримав від Варшави. Відсьогодні потяг курсує "зеленою" гілкою столичного метрополітену |date=1 November 2023}}</ref>

=== Stations ===
In October 2005, new escalators were installed in Lisova and Syrets stations, as a movement for modernization in the former case, and the latter as part of a [[pylon station]]'s equipment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/162|title=Лісова {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=25 Oct 2008|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Lisova" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210728/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F162|url-status=live}}</ref>

The following year, Darnytsia station was modernized, and a second exit (towards Popudrenka Street) was built.<ref name=":3" />

In March–May 2017, a ₴24.84 million [[Ukrainian hryvnia|hryvnias]] (US$915,900) refurbishment of Livoberezhna station was made due to the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2017|second Eurovision session in Kyiv]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/590c6322ce475/|script-title=uk:Станцію метро "Лівобережна" відкрили після реконструкції. ФОТО|date=5 May 2017|work=Українська правда - Київ|access-date=2017-07-05|language=uk|trans-title="Livoberezhna" station opened after renovation. PHOTO|archive-date=2017-07-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708191645/http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/590c6322ce475/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":11">Kramer, Andrew E., and Lynsey Addario. “15,000 Are Sheltering in Kyiv's Subway.” The New York Times. The New York Times, March 2, 2022.[https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/02/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-shelters.html Link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303025150/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/02/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-shelters.html |date=2022-03-03 }}.</ref>

==Infrastructure==

===Network map===
{{Rapid transit OSM map
|frame-lat = 50.445
|frame-long = 30.52
|frame-height = 420
|frame-width = 570
|zoom = 11
}}

=== Lines ===
As of 2019, three lines are operational, with a total length of {{Convert|67.6|km|4=2|abbr=on}}. The additional {{Convert|2.048|km|4=2|abbr=on}} that appear in the table account for technical tunnels, used by trains to switch from one line to another.
{| class="wikitable" align="left" style="margin: 0 auto; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: center"
|- style="font-size:85%"
! scope="col" | Livery<br />and #
! scope="col" | Name
! scope="col" | Name in<br />[[Ukrainian alphabet|Ukrainian Cyrillic]]
! scope="col" | Date of first<br /> station opening
! scope="col" | Most recent station<br />opening
! scope="col" | Length<br />(km [mi])
! scope="col" | Number<br />of stations
! scope="col" | Frequency<ref name=":18">{{Cite web |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/103 |title=Розклад руху поїздів |publisher=Kyiv Metro |language=uk |trans-title=The train timetable |access-date=2017-07-06 |archive-date=2017-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609002639/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/103 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! scope="col" | Ride time (terminus to terminus)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 1.svg|30px|Line 1 icon]]
|[[Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska line|Line 1<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska)</span>]]
|Лінія 1<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Святошинсько–Броварська)</span>
|6 November 1960||24 May 2003||{{Convert|22.65|km|abbr=values}}||18
|Rush hour: 1:45-2&nbsp;min<br />Normal and weekend: 3:30&nbsp;min
|38:30&nbsp;min
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 2.svg|30px|Line 2 icon]]
|[[Obolonsko–Teremkivska line|Line 2<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Obolonsko–Teremkivska)</span>]]
|Лінія 2<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Оболонсько–Теремківська)</span>
|17 December 1976||6 November 2013||{{Convert|20.95|km|abbr=values}}
|18
|Rush hour: 1:45-2:15&nbsp;min*<br />Normal: 5&nbsp;min<br />Weekend: 4-4:30&nbsp;min
|35:15&nbsp;min
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 3.svg|30px|Line 3 icon]]
|[[Syretsko–Pecherska line|Line 3<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Syretsko–Pecherska)</span>]]
|Лінія 3<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Сирецько–Печерська)</span>
|31 December 1989||23 May 2008||{{Convert|23.9|km|4=2|abbr=values}}
|16
|Rush hour: 2-2:30&nbsp;min*<br />Normal: 4:15-5&nbsp;min<br />Weekend: 6&nbsp;min
|40:30&nbsp;min
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align: right;" |'''Total:'''
|'''{{Convert|67.6|km|4=2|abbr=values}}'''
|'''52'''
|
|
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 4.svg|30px|Line 4 icon]]
|[[Podilsko–Vyhurivska line|Line 4<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Podilsko–Vyhurivska)</span>]]
|Лінія 4<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Подільсько–Вигурівська)</span>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |''Under construction (groundwork frozen)''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nnovosti.info/news/budivnitstvo_metro_na_trojeschinu_zjavilisja_nespodivani_podrobitsi-12584.html|script-title=uk:Будівництво метро на Троєщину: з'явилися несподівані подробиці|website=nnovosti.info|date=8 December 2016 |language=uk|trans-title=The metro construction to Troieshchyna: unexpected details revealed|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2017-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203162354/https://nnovosti.info/news/budivnitstvo_metro_na_trojeschinu_zjavilisja_nespodivani_podrobitsi-12584.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br /><small>''(Planned opening: after 2025<ref>[https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2017/05/30/novyna/suspilstvo/kmda-rozpovily-yakoyu-bude-nova-hilka-metro-troyeshhynu У КМДА розповіли, якою буде нова гілка метро на Троєщину] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122827/https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2017/05/30/novyna/suspilstvo/kmda-rozpovily-yakoyu-bude-nova-hilka-metro-troyeshhynu |date=2018-12-15 }} (in Ukrainian).</ref>)''</small>||''ca. {{Convert|20|km|4=1|abbr=values}}<br /><small>(full line)</small>''||''15<br /><small>(planned)</small>''
| rowspan="3" |*- Intervals on "Teremky" - "Vasylkivska" section (line 2), "Syrets"-"Lukianivska" (line 3) and "Kharkivska"-"Chervonyi Khutir" (line 3) is double during rush hours.
|''n/a''
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 5.svg|30px|Line 5 icon]]
|[[Livoberezhna line (Kyiv Metro)|Line 5<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Livoberezhna)</span>]]
|Лінія 5<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Лівобережна)</span>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |''Planned''<br />''(Orientational period of opening: TBD)''
|''{{Convert|4.96|km|4=2|abbr=values}}<br /><small>(first phase)</small>''||''17<br /><small>(planned)</small>''
|''n/a''
|-
|[[File:Kyiv Metro Line 6.svg|30px|Line 6 icon]]
|[[Vyshhorodsko–Darnytska line|Line 6<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Vyshhorodsko–Darnytska)</span>]]
|Лінія 6<br /><span style="font-size=90%;">(Вишгородсько–Дарницька)</span>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |''Planned''<br />''(Orientational period of opening: TBD)''
|''{{Convert|27|km|4=2|abbr=values}}<br /><small>(full line)</small>''||''19<br /><small>(planned)</small>''
|''n/a''
|-
|'''Total'''
| colspan="2" |6 lines planned
|
|
|'''ca. {{Convert|120|km|4=0|abbr=values}}'''
|'''103'''
|
|}[[File:A Kiev Metro station (street level) sign .jpg|alt=Klovska metro station.|thumb|upright|A Kyiv Metro station sign]]



















The lines' names are derived from the terminal stations proposed in the original 1945 construction plan, which is why the M1 line is called "Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska", despite finishing 11 kilometers short of [[Brovary]]'s city center (the official Metro site says "the extension to Brovary is possible in far future"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Святошинсько-Броварська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/118 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610115746/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/118 |archive-date=2017-06-10 |access-date=2017-07-06 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua}}</ref>). Similarly, the M2 line's route does not pass through Kurenivka. In February 2018, the Kyiv City Council renamed the M2 line from "Kurenivsko–Chervonoarmiyska" to "Obolonsko–Teremkivska".<ref>{{cite web |date=February 12, 2018 |title=Kyiv's Petrivka subway station renamed Pochaina |url=https://kyiv.unian.info/m/2391549-kyivs-petrivka-subway-station-renamed-pochaina.html |access-date=10 December 2018 |publisher=[[UNIAN]] }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Colloquially, lines are rarely referred to by their full names, but rather by their numbers or colors (e.g. the "Syretsko–Pecherska line" is usually referred to as "The Third line" or "The Green line").

====Line 1 ([[Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska line|Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska]])====
The Sviatoshynsko–Brovarska line is the first line of the Kyiv Metro, with a length of {{Convert|22.7|km|mi|abbr=on}}. All of its stations on the eastern bank of the [[Dnieper]] river are either at or above ground level, this is attributed to a similar experiment to Moscow's [[Filyovskaya Line]]. The milder Ukrainian climate, however, prevented these stations from severely deteriorating, which was why extensions in 1968 and 1979 were kept from going underground. The five original stations on this line managed to survive [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s struggle with decorative "extras"{{Clarification needed|date=November 2022}}, although more pompous projects were proposed in Stalin's time. These five stations are recognized as architectural monuments and thus are protected by the state. The M1 line is colored red on maps and carries about 550,000 passengers daily, making it the busiest line.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Святошинсько-Броварська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен |trans-title=Svyatoshinsko-Brovarskaya line {{!}} The Kyiv Metro |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/118 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref>

====Line 2 ([[Obolonsko–Teremkivska line|Obolonsko–Teremkivska]])====
The Obolonsko–Teremkivska line was the second line of the Kyiv Metro, with a length of {{Convert|20.95|km|abbr=on}}. Initially, it extends southwards along the right bank of the Dnieper river but deviates from the river towards the southwest beyond Lybidska station. Most of this line's stations were built in the 1970s and 1980s. Architecturally, the line shows some of the best examples of late-Soviet architectural features (with Lybidska station being an architectural monument protected by the state). The line's newest stations, built-in 2010–2013, are a good example of modern stations with national decoration motifs (such as at Teremky station) and have access for disabled persons. The M2 line is colored blue on maps and carries more than 460,000 passengers daily.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Оболонсько-Теремківська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен |trans-title=Obolonsko-Teremkivska line {{!}} The Kyiv Metro |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/119 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref>

====Line 3 ([[Syretsko–Pecherska line|Syretsko-Pecherska]])====
The Syretsko-Pecherska Line is the third and longest line in the Kyiv Metro, with a length of {{Convert|23.9|km|abbr=on}}. It is a major northwest–southeast axis of the Kyiv rapid transit system. It starts on the western side of the Dnieper river before crossing it on a partially covered bridge and then going on to the southeastern residential districts of Kyiv. The line is the newest and shows some post-independence decorative motifs. Technically, it is also a great development, with most of the platforms longer and wider than older sections and with some stations having access for disabled persons. The Vydubychi–Slavutych tunnel is the longest in the Kyiv Metro, as {{Convert|3.046|km|mi|abbr=on}} separates the two stations. This is partial because several stations were not completed—two stations had construction suspended (and never finished) while another station was only planned. The M3 line is colored green on maps and carries more than 300,000 passengers daily.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сирецько-Печерська лінія {{!}} Київський метрополітен |trans-title=Syretsko-Pecherska line {{!}} The Kyiv Metro |url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/120 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610115751/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/120 |archive-date=2017-06-10 |access-date=2017-07-07 |website=www.metro.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref>

=== Stations ===
{{main|List of Kyiv Metro stations}}

[[File:Universytet metro station Kiev 2010 20.jpg|thumb|[[Universytet (Kyiv Metro)|Universytet]] station's vestibule is recognized as an outstanding architectural monument of Kyiv]]
The Kyiv Metro follows a standard Soviet design: a triangular layout of three lines that intersect in the city center, making six radii, and stations that are built very deep underground and could potentially double as [[bomb shelter]]s.

==== Technical data ====
{{See also|Metro station#Construction types}}
Currently, there are 52 stations.<ref name="asmetro" /> There are 20 deep-lying stations, of which 17 are of pylon type (including Arsenalna station, the only "London style" station in the former USSR still in existence) and 3 are of column type. Of the 26 sub-surface stations, 13 stations are of pillar-trispan type, 3 are side-platform pillar bi-spans, 8 are single-vaults, and 3 are asymmetrical double-deck bi-spans.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}} In addition, 6 stations are located above ground; of these, four are surface level and two are flyover. Most of the stations have large vestibules, some on the surface level whilst others are underground and interlinked via [[Subway (crossing)|subways]]. Access for disabled persons, previously overlooked, has become an important issue, and all new stations have been constructed with the necessary provisions.

[[Arsenalna (Kyiv Metro)|Arsenalna]] station is distinguished as the deepest station in the world, at 105.5 m below ground (considering the distance between the surface above the station and the station itself).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ria.ru/infografika/20111228/527667489.html|script-title=ru:Самые глубокие станции метро в мире|date=28 December 2011|work=РИА Новости|access-date=2017-07-06|language=ru|trans-title=The deepest underground stations in the world|archive-date=2017-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816003847/https://ria.ru/infografika/20111228/527667489.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Dnipro, the next station proceeding towards Dnieper, is overground, which gives the Dnipro–Arsenalna tunnel the largest elevation difference between metro stations in the world, considering the surface's [[Elevation|relative height]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metroschemes.narod.ru/kiev.html|title=Схема метро - История метрополитенов в схемах - Киев|website=www.metroschemes.narod.ru|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2012-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217221112/http://www.metroschemes.narod.ru/kiev.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

There are three unfinished stations: Lvivska Brama, Telychka, and Hertsena, all of which are on the green M3 line. Hertsena had only the initial stages of construction completed, while the former two are more advanced in construction (about 30–70% completed) but lack conventional exits.<ref name=":15" />

Kyiv Metro is poorly adapted for handicapped persons. Only stations constructed after 2005 are better adapted for handicapped people; for example, they have elevators and turnstiles wide enough for a wheelchair to pass.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kyiv.depo.ua/ukr/kyiv/stolichne-metro-yak-i-ranishe-malo-pristosovane-dlya-invalidiv-20170907635780|script-title=uk:Столичне метро, як і раніше, мало пристосоване для інвалідів|date=September 7, 2017|website=kyiv.depo.ua|publisher=depo.ua|language=uk|trans-title=The Metro of the capital city is still poorly adapted for handicapped|access-date=December 10, 2018|archive-date=December 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010112/https://kyiv.depo.ua/ukr/kyiv/stolichne-metro-yak-i-ranishe-malo-pristosovane-dlya-invalidiv-20170907635780|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Architecture====

Like all the Metro systems of the former [[Soviet Union]], the Kyiv Metro is known for its vivid and colorful decorations. The original stations from the first stage of construction are elaborately decorated, showing the postwar [[Stalinist architecture]] blended with traditional Ukrainian motifs. Many first projects for stations offered at the beginning of the 1950s were full of rich decorative elements such as [[mosaic]]s, [[Ornament (art)|ornament]]s, [[Bas-Relief|bas-relief]]s, [[sculpture]]s, and [[marble]].

Each station was to have its original shape. These stations were to be constructed in a monumental style like those stations built throughout the 1950s in Moscow and Leningrad. For example, Arsenalna station, instead of a small central hall, should have had a wide hall with sculptures of warriors of the [[Russian Civil War]] and [[World War II]]; Vokzalna station was to be decorated with ornaments and bas-reliefs on columns and a big decorative map of the [[Ukrainian SSR]]; and, based on its first project drawings, Politeckhnichniy Institut station was to have large mosaic panels depicting aspects of the natural sciences.

[[File:Universytet metro station Kiev 2010 Mendeleev.jpg|thumb|right|A bust of Russian chemist [[Dmitri Mendeleev]] in Universytet station]]
By the end of the 1950s, a period of functionality and struggle against architectural extravagances had begun in Soviet architecture. This action, propagated by Khrushchev, resulted in the loss of many unique projects, with the resulting stations being finished with few decorations, compared to the 1952 projects. [[Universytet (Kyiv Metro)|Universytet]] station, however, was less simplified than many others and retained its many pylons adorned with the busts of famous scientists and writers. The next stations which opened in 1963 had an ascetic and strict appearance. Open-air stations of the 1960s and the underground stations of 1971 were built to a standard primitive design called ''sorokonozhka'' ({{Langx|ru|sorokonozhka|lit=centipede}}), named for the many thin supports on both sides of the platform. Functionality became the most important factor in newer designs, and stations built at that time were almost identical in appearance, save the design of tile patterns and pillar covering material. Only in the 1970s did decorative architecture start to make a recovery. The stations built from the 1980s onwards show more innovative designs.

Some older stations have undergone upgrades to lighting and renovation of some decorative materials. After the [[1991 Ukrainian independence referendum|declaration]] of [[History of Ukraine#Independence|Ukrainian independence]] following the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in 1991, some of the Soviet symbols originally incorporated into decor were adapted to modern times or removed altogether by altering the station's architecture. Most remaining (if not all) Soviet symbols were later removed due to [[Decommunization in Ukraine|2015 decommunization laws]].<ref>{{in lang|uk}} [http://m.dt.ua/UKRAINE/z-demontovanih-v-kiyivskomu-metropoliteni-komunistichnih-simvoliv-stvoryat-muzey-172069_.html From the dismantled in the Kyiv subway communist symbols will be created a museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210756/https://zn.ua/ukr/UKRAINE/z-demontovanih-v-kiyivskomu-metropoliteni-komunistichnih-simvoliv-stvoryat-muzey-172069_.html |date=2022-03-03 }}, [[Zerkalo Nedeli]] (8 May 2016)</ref>

{{Gallery
| title        = Kyiv Metro station architecture
| align        = center
| footer       =
| style        =
| state        =
| height       =
| width        = 220
| captionstyle =
| File:Universytet metro station Kiev 2010 02.jpg
 | [[Universytet (Kyiv Metro)|Universytet]] is an earlier, more ornate station from the 1960s.
 | alt1=
| File:Hidropark metro station Kiev 2011 13.jpg
 | [[Hidropark (Kyiv Metro)|Hidropark]], opened in 1965, is one of a small number of above-ground stations.
 | alt2=
| File:Nyvky metro station Kiev 2010 01.jpg
 | [[Nyvky (Kyiv Metro)|Nyvky]] is a typical 1970s 'centipede' style station.
 | alt3=
| File:Klovska metro station Kiev 2010 02.jpg
 | [[Klovska (Kyiv Metro)|Klovska]] is a good example of a typical late 1980s Kyiv metro station.
 | alt4=
}}

==== Passenger flow ====
[[File:Slavutych metro station Kiev 2010 01.jpg|thumb|[[Slavutych (Kyiv Metro)|Slavutych]] metro station of Syretsko-Pecherska Line]]
As of 2015, Lisova was the busiest station in the Kyiv Metro, passing an average of 58,500 passengers per day, with Vokzalna following second with 55,900. The congestion at Vokzalna station, especially during [[rush hour]]s, is particularly problematic due to the station having only 3 escalators and only one access point for entering and exiting the station.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/153|title=Вокзальна {{!}} Київський метрополітен|date=24 Oct 2008|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title="Vokzalna" station {{!}} The Kyiv underground|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2019-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115193900/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F153|url-status=live}}</ref> Akademmistechko is third at 51,100. These are the only stations that handle more than 50,000 passengers per day. The next busiest, Livoberezhna, passes 48,100 passengers per day.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|url=http://forum.metropoliten.kiev.ua/viewtopic.php?t=1058&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=480|script-title=ru:Пассажиропоток/пассажирооборот/провозная способность|website=forum.metropoliten.kiev.ua|language=ru|trans-title=Passenger flow/passenger capacity|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2017-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917054844/http://forum.metropoliten.kiev.ua/viewtopic.php?t=1058&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=480|url-status=live}}</ref> All four of these busiest stations are on the red M1 line.

The fifth busiest station is Pochaina with 46,200 passengers per day (on the blue M2 line), with Minska not far behind at 45,500.<ref name=":17" /> On the Syretsko-Pecherska line, the busiest station is Lukianivska, with just under 40,000.<ref name=":17" />

In contrast, the least busy station in the system is the Dnipro station (M1), with only 2,800 passengers per day. Chervonyi Khutir (M3) is another station with a daily passenger flow of less than 5,000. The emptiest station on the M2 line is Poshtova Ploshcha, with 8,900 passengers per day.<ref name=":17" />

==== Transfer hubs to other lines and other means of rapid transit ====
Vokzalna station is one of the most important transport hubs in the Kyiv Metro. It gives direct access to the [[Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi Railway Station|Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station]], the largest train station in Ukraine, as well as to the [[Kyiv Light Rail]] line to [[Borshchahivka]] and the [[Kyiv Urban Electric Train]] ring.<ref name=":16" />

Additional important transport hubs include Demiivska station (to the Kyiv Central bus station); Vystavkovyi Tsentr and Lisova stations (mostly to suburban buses, but to the Pivdenna and Darnytsia bus stations as well, respectively); and Livoberezhna, Darnytsia, and Pochaina stations, used by commuting passengers from [[Troieshchyna]] (the largest residential district in Kyiv).

==== Distribution of stations across the city ====
Metro stations cover all 10 [[subdivisions of Kyiv]]; however, their spread is uneven. [[Shevchenkivskyi District, Kyiv|Shevchenkivskyi district]] has the most, at 13 stations; [[Pecherskyi District|Pecherskyi]] and [[Holosiivskyi District|Holosiivskyi]] ''raions'' both boast 11 stops; [[Darnytskyi District|Darnytskyi]] district has 7; [[Obolonskyi District|Obolonskyi]], [[Sviatoshynskyi Raion|Sviatoshynskyi]], and [[Dniprovskyi District, Kyiv|Dniprovskyi]] districts each feature 4; [[Podilskyi District|Podilskyi]] district offers 3; and [[Desnianskyi District, Kyiv|Desnyanskyi]] ''raion'', despite being the most populous district in Kyiv, is relatively deprived of Metro connections, with only 2 stations.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=ru:Станции метро г.Киева по районам |trans-title=Kyiv's Metro stations by districts |url=http://www.denua.com/136/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016035738/http://denua.com/136/ |archive-date=2011-10-16 |access-date=2017-07-06 |website=www.denua.com |language=ru}}</ref>

This distribution reveals that the western side of Kyiv contains the majority of stations (including the M2 line, which does not cross to the eastern side of the Dnieper). Only 12 stations reside in the eastern part of the city, compared to 40 on the western side.

=== Rolling stock ===
[[File:Е-КМ-Гб вид спереди.jpg|right|thumb|217x217px|A modernized E-type train of the Kyiv Metro]]
As of 2016, there were 824 wagons in operation, with another 5 spares.<ref name="asmetro" /> Most of the wagons are from the Soviet era, largely from the [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717/714]] series and some trains from the older D-type and E-type series. The stock, however, is refreshed. The "Slavutych" trains began to replace the old trains of predominantly 81/7021-7022, 81-540.2К/81-714.5М, and 81–7080 series. The metro's first line was served by carriages of D-type since its opening. In 1969, all these carriages were given to [[Saint Petersburg Metro]]. In exchange, the line received carriages of series E-type, and later carriages of series Em-501, Ema-502, and Ezh (Ezh1). In 2014, most carriages of types E and Ezh were modernized with new engines, interiors, and exteriors, converting them into a type similar to type 81-7021–7022; these are known as type 81-7080–7081 or E-KM.

All of the trains contain an audio system, which announces the stations and transfer opportunities to other Metro lines. At Arsenalna station, there is an announcement for museums in the area. In addition, most of the older trains are fitted with an overhead video information system, which provides visual information to passengers regarding the current and the next stations and transfer opportunities between lines. While the train is in transit between stations, the system displays advertising (both in video and [[News ticker|ticker]] forms), recreational video content, and local time.

Kyiv Metro also has some special service trains, namely:
* Two trains checking the electrical system of the Kyiv Metro, which were conventional D-type and E-type trains before conversion
* A D-type car that measures tracks' length
* Laboratory car based on an Ezh-type train
* An E-type freight car
* A track repair vehicle<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/123|title=Рухомий склад та спецтехніка {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Rolling stock and special service|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610101704/http://metro.kyiv.ua/node/123|url-status=live}}</ref>
In December 2016, the [[Kyiv City Council]] announced that intended to buy 709 new trains by 2025 for ₴14.96 billion (US$572.6 million at the time). Of these, 276 would replace older trains whose operation terms have expired, 62 would be added to the Syretsko-Pecherska line to ensure regular scheduling, and 371 would be introduced across newer sections of the metro system.<ref name=":19">{{Cite news|url=http://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/388838.html|script-title=uk:Київ планує до 2025 р. побудувати метро на Троєщину|date=6 Dec 2016|work=Інтерфакс-Україна|access-date=2017-07-06|language=uk|trans-title=Kyiv plans a Troieshchyna metro construction until 2025.|archive-date=2016-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220072145/http://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/general/388838.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

After a visit of the Mayor of Kyiv [[Vitali Klitschko]] to Warsaw in January 2023, he said that Warsaw will donate 60 81-717/713 wagons to the Kyiv Metro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cfts.org.ua/news/2023/01/12/kiv_planue_otrimati_vid_varshavi_60_vagoniv_metro_73325|language=uk|title=Київ планує отримати від Варшави 60 вагонів метро|trans-title=Kyiv plans to get 60 metro wagons from Warsaw|access-date=2023-04-26|date=2023-03-14}}</ref>

==== In operation ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Picture
!Type
!Manufacturer
!Since
|-
|[[File:Ua-metro-ky1-ch1-20050625c.jpg|center|200px]]
|Ezh, E, Ema-502
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Metrowagonmash]]
|1970
|-
|[[File:Вагони серіі 81 від Варшави у депо ТЧ-1 дарниця.jpg|center|200px]]
|[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717]]<br />[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717.5]]<br />[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717.5М]]<br />[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717.5K]]<br />[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-717.3]], [[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|572]]
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Metrowagonmash]]<br />{{flagicon|RUS}} Vagonmash
| 1978<br>1989<br>1995<br>2013<br>2023
|-
|[[File:81-7021 Kyiv Metro.jpg|center|200px]]
|81-7021
|{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Kryukiv Railway Car Building Works|KVBZ]]
|2005
|-
|[[File:81-540.2K-541.2K Dnipro station.jpg|center|200px]]
|81-540.2K
|{{flagicon|RUS}} Vagonmash
|2008
|-
|[[File:Е-КМ на станции Днепр 2.jpg|center|200px]]
|E-KM
|{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Kryukiv Railway Car Building Works|KVBZ]]
|2014
|}

==== Out of operation ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Picture
!Type
!Manufacturer
!Operation
|-
|[[File:Vagon metro D-2135 Darnytsya depot.jpg|center|200px]]
|D
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Metrowagonmash]]
|1960–1969
|-
|[[File:Вагон Славутич1.jpg|center|200px]]
|81-553 Slavutich
|{{flagicon|RUS}} Vagonmash<br>{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Škoda Transportation|Škoda]]
|2001–2010
|}

==Travelling==
[[File:Kiev Metro card.jpeg|thumb|A multi-ride card for the Kyiv Metro showing system map]]

===Management===
The Kyiv Metro is managed by the city-owned municipal company ''Kyivskyi Metropoliten'' (formally formerly known as ''Kyivskyi [[Order of the Red Banner of Labour|ordena Trudovoho chernovoho prapora]] Metropoliten imeni [[Vladimir Lenin|V.I. Lenina]]''<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tf1.mosfont.ru/photo/02/64/08/264083.jpg|title=Київський метрополітен імені В.І. Леніна|date=2012-07-26|work=archive.is|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120726214742/http://tf1.mosfont.ru/photo/02/64/08/264083.jpg|archive-date=2012-07-26|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://geo.ladimir.kiev.ua/pq/dic/g--K/a--METROPOLITEN_IMENI_V._I._LENINA|title=МЕТРОПОЛИТЕН ИМЕНИ В. И. ЛЕНИНА&nbsp;— Киев. Справочник&nbsp;— Гео-Киев|website=geo.ladimir.kiev.ua|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325054144/http://geo.ladimir.kiev.ua/pq/dic/g--K/a--METROPOLITEN_IMENI_V._I._LENINA|archive-date=2008-03-25|url-status=dead}}</ref>) which was transferred in the early 1990s from the [[Ministry of Railways (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Transportation]]. The Metro employs several thousand workers in tunnel, track, station, and rolling stock management. In addition to being state-sponsored for operation, income comes from ticket sales and advertisements in stations (controlled by a daughter company ''Metroreklama''). Metro lines are being constructed by ''Kyivmetrobud'' [[public company]]<ref name=kmb-site>{{cite web|title=Kyivmetrobud official web site |language=uk |url=http://www.metrobud.kiev.ua/ua/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610080745/http://www.metrobud.kiev.ua/ua/ |archive-date=June 10, 2012 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.cuucc.ca/company Kyivmetrobud partner's site with correct naming of Ukrainian company] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907045737/http://www.cuucc.ca/company |date=2011-09-07 }} Kyivmetrobud partner's site.</ref> which allocates segments of construction to individual brigades that are responsible for tunnel and station construction. Kyivmetrobud is directly funded by the profits of the Kyiv Metro and from the city and state budgets. Most of the state funding comes from Kyiv's municipality, while additional subventions are directly received from the state budget since the fares do not correspond to the optimal price which will give the possibility for the Kyiv underground to develop itself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espreso.tv/article/2017/06/19/plata_za_proyizd|script-title=uk:Як зросте вартість проїзду в Києві: Метро, тролейбус, електричка|date=19 June 2017|website=espreso.tv|language=uk|trans-title=How the prices will increase: Subway, bus, Kyiv urban rail|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619141206/http://espreso.tv/article/2017/06/19/plata_za_proyizd|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2016, the Kyiv Metro received ₴76.1 million in [[net income]] (about US$2.85 million), compared with its ₴119 million loss a year earlier.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 Jan 2017 |script-title=uk:Київський метрополітен в 2016 році отримав понад 76 мільйонів прибутку |language=uk |trans-title=The Kyiv Metro received more than 76 million hryvnia of net income |work=Уніан |url=https://economics.unian.ua/transport/1737812-kijivskiy-metropoliten-v-2016-rotsi-otrimav-ponad-76-milyoniv-pributku.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603221521/https://economics.unian.ua/transport/1737812-kijivskiy-metropoliten-v-2016-rotsi-otrimav-ponad-76-milyoniv-pributku.html |archive-date=2017-06-03}}</ref>

The current director is Viktor Brahinsky.

===Ticketing===
A single ride costs ₴8.00 ($0.29) regardless of destination and number of transits within the metro. The ride is paid for by paper QR tickets or [[contactless smart card|contactless cards]].<ref name="website">{{cite web |script-title=uk:Київський метрополітен |trans-title=Київський метрополітен [Kyiv Metro] |url=http://metro.kyiv.ua/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716021557/http://metro.kyiv.ua/ |archive-date=2017-07-16 |access-date=2017-07-03 |publisher=Kyiv Metro |language=uk}}</ref>

==== Contactless cards ====
[[File:Безконтактна картка київського метро.jpg|alt=Contactless multi-ride payment card since 2015 (RFID)|thumb|226x226px|Contactless multi-ride payment card since 2015 ([[Radio-frequency identification|RFID]])]]

Contactless ([[RFID]]-based, [[MIFARE]]<ref name="hack">{{cite web |url=http://habrahabr.ru/post/141213/ |script-title=ru:Что записано внутри бесконтактных карт Киевского метрополитена? |language=ru |access-date=2012-06-25 |archive-date=2012-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702174326/http://habrahabr.ru/post/141213/ |url-status=live |date=2 April 2012 }}</ref> Classic and [[MIFARE#MIFARE Ultralight|Ultralight]]) cards are used to enter the metro. A card can be purchased for a small fee (₴15 ($0.54); refundable should one want to return the card) from cashiers and loaded for up to 50 trips at once (so that not to exceed the 100-ride limit). There is a special gradual scale of prices, such that every tenth purchased access (bought once) makes every previous one cheaper by ₴0.30. To clarify, the first 9 ride accesses cost the standard amount, whereas for 10-19 rides, the price for each one is ₴7.70; for 20-29 rides, ₴7.40; and so on. Thus, loading the card with 50 rides costs only ₴6.50 ($0.23) per ride.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/106|script-title=uk:Засоби оплати проїзду|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|publisher=Kyiv Metro official website|language=uk|trans-title=Ways to pay for a trip|access-date=December 10, 2018|archive-date=December 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010502/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/106|url-status=live}}</ref>

The passenger can also pay for the fare using a bank card. [[MasterCard]] PayPass<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/4807/|script-title=uk:Безконтактною карткою MasterCard PayPass у метро за проїзд можна сплатити на всіх станціях|website=metro.kyiv.com.ua|language=uk|trans-title=MasterCard PayPass contacless cards are accepted on all stations for payments for rides|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210133/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/node/4807|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Visa payWave|Visa PayWave]] cards are accepted. [[Google Pay (payment method)|Google Pay]] and [[Apple Pay]] can also be used.

The cards can be recharged either by a cashier or by using a terminal. The terminals accept [[Banknotes of the Ukrainian hryvnia|hryvnia paper bills]] in denominations of ₴1 to ₴50, but do not return change; instead, they refill the card for the maximum possible number of rides given the sum of money deposited into the machine, and store the remainder in the system, to be used at next refill.

Monthly or two-week passes with unlimited rides (₴380 ($13.46) per month) or a limited number of rides (62 or 46 rides per month, or half of it for 15 days, with the fare of ₴3.87 and ₴4.13 per ride, respectively) can also be purchased. A seven-minute second-use lockout is imposed for all unlimited cards to prevent abuse. Quarterly and yearly tickets were used until December 2009, when they stopped being released<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/UPR10141.html|script-title=uk:Розпорядження №569 Київської міської державної адміністрації від 12 листопада 2009 року "Про внесення змін до Тарифів на перевезення пасажирів у міському пасажирському транспорті - метрополітені, автобусі, трамваї, тролейбусі, фунікулері, який працює у звичайному режимі руху"|website=search.ligazakon.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 569 from Kyiv City Government Administration "On the introduction of changes to fares for passengers' transportation in the city's public transport - underground, buses, trolleybuses, trams and funicular, functioning on the normal basis" from 12 November 2009|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911204957/http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/UPR10141.html|url-status=live}}</ref> because they generated an estimated ₴115.6 million (about $14.5 million) of losses annually.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/v_kieve_uprazdneny_godovye_i_kvartalnye_proezdnye_bilety_rasporyazhenie_kgga_10122009|script-title=ru:В Киеве отменены годовые и квартальные проездные билеты, - распоряжение КГГА.|last=Rbc.ua|date=10 Dec 2009|work=РБК-Украина|access-date=2017-07-07|language=ru|trans-title=Kyiv cancels annual and quarterly tickets - order of Kyiv City Government Administration|archive-date=2017-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912014536/https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/v_kieve_uprazdneny_godovye_i_kvartalnye_proezdnye_bilety_rasporyazhenie_kgga_10122009|url-status=live}}</ref>

From the late 1990s until the early 2000s, monthly unlimited metro passes with a magnetic strip were used. Due to reliability and counterfeiting issues, these were phased out in favor of RFID cards.

=== Historical fares ===
[[File:Counters subway.JPG|right|thumb|Automatic token selling machines]]
Originally the Metro ride cost was 50 [[kopeck]]s; however, in 1961, following a revaluation of the Soviet ruble, the ride was fixed at 5 kopecks for the next 30 years. After 1991, as Ukraine suffered from hyperinflation, the price gradually rose to 20,000 [[Ukrainian karbovanets|karbovanets]] in 1996. Following the 1996 denomination, 20,000 karbovanets became ₴0.20 (20 kopiyok), although the karbovanets sum was still payable up to 16 September that year. Since then, the price has risen to ₴0.50 in 2000 and ₴2.00 in 2008. In November 2008, when the price was increased to ₴2.00, public protests took place and the [[Antitrust Committee of Ukraine]] ordered to decrease of the price to ₴1.70.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pravo.ua/news.php?id=0016502|title=АМКУ прекратил дело о повышения тарифов на проезд в Киеве|website=pravo.ua|date=12 January 2009 |access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2018-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001015/http://pravo.ua/news.php?id=0016502|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2010, the price was increased back to ₴2.00. In February 2015, the price was further increased. The last increase occurred on 15 July 2017.

The fares are set by the [[Kyiv City State Administration]] subject to the approval of the Ministry of Infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0276-07|script-title=uk:Наказ № 191 від Міністерства транспорту і зв'язку України "Про затвердження Порядку формування тарифів на послуги міського електричного транспорту (метрополітену)" від 05.03.2007|website=zakon3.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 191 from the Ministry of transport and communication "On the acceptation of the algorithm of fare calculations for the city's electric transport services (underground)" from 5 March 2007|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2018-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215123716/http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0276-07|url-status=live}}</ref>

A proposal to set prices according to the distance traveled or time spent in the metro was discussed n 2017. For this purpose, specially built "long" exit turnstiles with card readers at the far end have already been installed at some station exits.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.avangard1c.ru/articlematerial14|script-title=ru:Турникеты и оплата проезда|website=www.avangard1c.ru|language=ru-ru|trans-title=Turnstiles and ride payment|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423192015/http://avangard1c.ru/articlematerial14|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://inpress.ua/ru/society/10702-v-metro-kieva-ne-budet-zhetonov|script-title=ru:В метро Киева не будет жетонов|work=Inpress.ua|access-date=2017-07-07|language=ru|trans-title=Kyiv will not have tokens|archive-date=2016-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018183902/http://inpress.ua/ru/society/10702-v-metro-kieva-ne-budet-zhetonov|url-status=live}}</ref>
{|
 |
 {| class="wikitable"
|-
! Single journey fare || Equivalent in USD
(at the date of introduction, official rate<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|url=https://bank.gov.ua/control/uk/curmetal/detail/currency?period=daily|title=Офіційний курс гривні щодо іноземних валют|website=bank.gov.ua|access-date=2017-07-05|archive-date=2017-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705231100/http://www.bank.gov.ua/control/uk/curmetal/detail/currency?period=daily|url-status=live}}</ref>)
! Date of introduction
|-
| 50 kopecks || 0.125 || 12 November 1960
|-
| 5 kopecks || 0.0556 || 1 January 1961
|-
| 15 kopecks || 0.256 || 2 April 1991<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/71%D0%B0-91-%D0%BF|script-title=uk:Потанова № 71 Ради Міністрів Української РСР "Про нові роздрібні ціни на товари народного споживання і тарифи на послуги, що надаються населенню" від 28.03.1991|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 71 from the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR "On the new detail prices on the items of first need and fares on services that are offered to the citizens" from 28 March 1991|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102309/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/71%25D0%25B0-91-%25D0%25BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 30 kopecks || 0.541 || 2 January 1992<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/376-91-%D0%BF|script-title=uk:Постанова № 376 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про систему цін у народному господарстві і на споживчому ринку України" від 27.12.1991|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 376 from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the system of prices in the state's economy and on the consumption market of Ukraine" from 27 December 1991|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102313/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/376-91-%25D0%25BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 50 kopiyok || 0.005{{Dubious|date=July 2017}} || 27 April 1992<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/193-92-%D0%BF|script-title=uk:Постанова № 193 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про внесення змін до системи регульованих цін і тарифів" від 15.04.1992|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 193 from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On changes to the system of regulated prices and fares"|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102255/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/193-92-%25D0%25BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 5 [[Ukrainian karbovanets|karbovanets]] || 0.008 || 26 December 1992<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/715-92-%D0%BF/ed19921223|script-title=uk:Постанова № 715 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про регулювання цін" від 23.12.1992|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 715 from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the regulation of prices" from 23 December 1992|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102255/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/715-92-%25D0%25BF/ed19921223|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 15 karbovanets || 0.00454 || 5 June 1993<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/403-93-%D0%BF/ed19930603|script-title=uk:Постанова № 403 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про внесення змін до регулювання цін і тарифів" від 03.06.1993|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 403 from the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the price regulations' and fares' changes" from 3 June 1993|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102259/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/403-93-%25D0%25BF/ed19930603|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 30 karbovanets || 0.005025 || 10 September 1993<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/676-93-%D0%BF|script-title=uk:Постанова №676 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про внесення змін до регулювання цін і тарифів" від 30.08.1993|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 767 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the introduction of changes to prices' and fares' regulation" from 30 August 1993|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102310/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/676-93-%25D0%25BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 150 karbovanets || 0.00118 || 6 December 1993<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/978-93-%D0%BF|script-title=uk:Постанова № 978 Кабінету Міністрів України "Про впорядкування цін і тарифів" від 03.12.1993|website=zakon2.rada.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Order nr. 978 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On the correction of prices and fares" from 3 December 1993|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102256/https://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/978-93-%25D0%25BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 200 karbovanets || 0.010 || 11 August 1994
|-
| 1,500 karbovanets || 0.0191 || 1 November 1994
|-
| 7,000 karbovanets || 0.0598 || 1 February 1995
 |}
| ||
|
 {| class="wikitable"
|-
! Single journey fare || Equivalent in USD
(at the date of introduction, official rate<ref name=":10" />)
! Date of introduction
|-
| 10,000 karbovanets || 0.0613 || 7 September 1995
|-
| 20,000 karbovanets || 0.1065 || 7 February 1996
|-
| 20 kopiyok/20,000 karbovanets || 0.114 || 2 September 1996
|-
| 30 kopiyok || 0.159 || 15 December 1996
|-
| 50 kopiyok || 0.092 || 19 March 2000
|-
| 2 [[Ukrainian hryvnia|hryvni]] || 0.345 || 4 November 2008
|-
| 1.70 hryven || 0.221 || 31 January 2009
|-
| 2 hryvni || 0.253 || 6 September 2010
|-
| 4 hryvni || 0.173 || 7 February 2015<ref>{{cite news|title=Tomorrow in Kyiv, fares for passenger transport will double|url=http://kiyany.obozrevatel.com/money/91034-v-kieve-zavtra-vdvoe-podorozhaet-proezd-v-transporte.htm|work=Obozrevatel|language=ru|date=6 February 2015|access-date=2015-02-09|archive-date=2015-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210020141/http://kiyany.obozrevatel.com/money/91034-v-kieve-zavtra-vdvoe-podorozhaet-proezd-v-transporte.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 5 hryven || 0.1925 || 15 July 2017<ref>{{cite news|title=New acts: how will the July changes impact the Ukrainians' wallets|url=https://ukranews.com/news/505981-novye-zakony-kak-otrazyatsya-na-koshelkakh-ukrayncev-yyulskye-novovvedenyya|work=Ukrainski novyny|language=ru|date=3 July 2017|access-date=2017-07-03|archive-date=2018-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215123235/https://ukranews.com/news/505981-novye-zakony-kak-otrazyatsya-na-koshelkakh-ukrayncev-yyulskye-novovvedenyya|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":26">{{Cite journal|script-title=uk:Розпорядження №732 Київської міської державної адміністрації "Про встановлення тарифів на перевезення пасажирів і вартості проїзних квитків у міському пасажирському транспорті, який працює у звичайному режимі руху" від 16 червня 2017 року|trans-title=Order nr. 732 of Kyiv City Government Administration "On setting the fares of passengers' transportation and the costs of ride tickets in the city's public transport, circulating on the normal basis" from 16 June 2017|url=http://kreschatic.kiev.ua/file/12320.pdf|journal=Хрещатик|language=uk|publisher=Kyiv City Government Administration|issue=69 (4982)|pages=21–22|access-date=7 July 2017|archive-date=1 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701102247/http://kreschatic.kiev.ua/file/12320.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 8 hryven || 0.3 || 14 July 2018
|}
|}

==== Tokens ====
[[File:Жетоны киевского метро.jpg|alt=Small plastic coin tokens used in the Kyiv Metro|thumb|Tokens for single journeys from various eras]]
For many decades, plastic tokens were used for [[turnstile]]s; one token per person<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=uk:Нові жетони у метро та QR-коди у трамваях: Київ пережив перший день подорожчання проїзду |language=uk |work=ТСН.ua |url=https://tsn.ua/kyiv/novi-zhetoni-u-metro-ta-qr-kodi-u-tramvayah-kiyiv-perezhiv-pershiy-den-podorozhchannya-proyizdu-961907.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131023201/https://tsn.ua/kyiv/novi-zhetoni-u-metro-ta-qr-kodi-u-tramvayah-kiyiv-perezhiv-pershiy-den-podorozhchannya-proyizdu-961907.html |archive-date=2018-01-31}}</ref> could be bought from station cashiers or automatic exchange machines. In recent decades, green tokens were used in 2000-2010 and 2015–2018; blue tokens were used in 2010-2015 and since 2018. Initially, the green (old) tokens were to be substituted by [[QR code|QR-code]] tickets (introduced in August 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2277802-na-odnij-zi-stancij-kiivskogo-metro-zapustili-qrkvitok.html|script-title=uk:На одній зі станцій київського метро “запустили” QR-квиток|access-date=2018-01-30|language=uk|archive-date=2018-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204438/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2277802-na-odnij-zi-stancij-kiivskogo-metro-zapustili-qrkvitok.html|url-status=live |date=2 August 2017 }}</ref>) and RFID cards.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economics.unian.ua/transport/1952274-jetoni-v-kijivskomu-metro-zaminyat-kvitki-z-qr-kodom.html|script-title=uk:Жетони в київському метро замінять квитки з QR-кодом|date=31 May 2017|access-date=2017-07-07|language=uk|trans-title=Kyiv Metro's tokens will be substituted by QR-code tickets|archive-date=2018-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204643/https://economics.unian.ua/transport/1952274-jetoni-v-kijivskomu-metro-zaminyat-kvitki-z-qr-kodom.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/597ef024a7f35/|title=Квитки з QR-кодом у метро з'являться 2 серпня|work=Українська правда - Київ|access-date=2018-01-30|archive-date=2022-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210739/https://kiev.pravda.com.ua/news/597ef024a7f35/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vesti-ukr.com/kiev/255877-v-metro-kieva-rasskazali-skolko-eshche-budut-dejstvovat-zhetony|title=В метро Киева рассказали, сколько еще будут действовать жетоны|date=2017-09-11|access-date=2018-01-30|archive-date=2018-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204509/https://vesti-ukr.com/kiev/255877-v-metro-kieva-rasskazali-skolko-eshche-budut-dejstvovat-zhetony|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="unian.ua">{{Cite web|url=https://www.unian.ua/society/10573014-zhetoniv-ne-bude-u-metro-kiyeva-radyat-perehoditi-na-novi-sistemi-oplati-projizdu.html|script-title=uk:Жетонів не буде: у метро Києва радять переходити на нові системи оплати проїзду|website=www.unian.ua|date=3 June 2019 |language=uk|access-date=2019-06-03|archive-date=2019-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603140949/https://www.unian.ua/society/10573014-zhetoniv-ne-bude-u-metro-kiyeva-radyat-perehoditi-na-novi-sistemi-oplati-projizdu.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The use of these tokens was gradually phased out. On 15 July 2019, [[Nyvky (Kyiv Metro)|Nyvky]] and [[Ipodrom (Kyiv Metro)|Ipodrom]] stations became the first to stop selling and accepting tokens.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Столичне метро почало відмовлятися від жетонів (відео) |url=https://www.unian.ua/economics/transport/10617417-stolichne-metro-pochalo-vidmovlyatisya-vid-zhetoniv-video.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715085248/https://www.unian.ua/economics/transport/10617417-stolichne-metro-pochalo-vidmovlyatisya-vid-zhetoniv-video.html |archive-date=2019-07-15 |access-date=2019-07-15 |website=www.unian.ua |date=15 July 2019 |language=uk}}</ref> Tokens were scheduled to be sold until 30 October 2019 and accepted until 3 November 2019; however, tokens were still being sold and used on 15 November 2019.<ref>personnel experience</ref><ref name="unian.ua" /> In April 2020, tokens finally went out of circulation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kostiuchenko |first=Alina |date=2020-03-02 |title=Life after Tokens: What Will Happen to Kyiv Subway Fares |url=https://en.cfts.org.ua/articles/life_after_tokens_what_will_happen_to_kyiv_subway_fares |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=Centre for Transport Strategies |language=en}}</ref>

== Planned improvements and expansion ==
In 2012, plans for the Kyiv Metro aimed to nearly double its length by 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=В Киеве построят две новые линии метро. Схема |url=http://mignews.com.ua/aktualnye_novosti/894339.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221213835/http://mignews.com.ua/aktualnye_novosti/894339.html |archive-date=2017-02-21 |access-date=2017-07-06}}</ref> Whilst completion of this plan is not considered to be feasible, several new stations have opened since the turn of the millennium.

{{gallery
 |title=New stations since 2000
 |align=center
 |Chervonyi khutir metro station Kiev 2010 01.jpg|[[Chervonyi Khutir (Kyiv Metro)|Chervonyi Khutir]] (2008)
 |Demiivska metro station Kiev 2010 02.jpg|[[Demiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Demiivska]] (2010)
 |Holosiivska metro station Kiev 2011 01.jpg|[[Holosiivska (Kyiv Metro)|Holosiivska]] (2010)
 |Vasylkivska metro station Kiev 2011 02.jpg|[[Vasylkivska (Kyiv Metro)|Vasylkivska]] (2010)
 |Metro Vystavkovyi Tsentr.JPG|[[Vystavkovyi Tsentr (Kyiv Metro)|Vystavkovyi Tsentr]] (2011)
 |Ipodrom station (Kiev metro).JPG|[[Ipodrom (Kyiv Metro)|Ipodrom]] (2012)
 |Teremky (Kiev Metro) November 2013 (7).JPG|[[Teremky (Kyiv Metro)|Teremky]] (2013)
}}

=== Construction of additional lines ===
[[File:Kiev metro map en uk.svg|thumb|340x340px|Map of the planned expansion of the Kyiv Metro (on the basis of the 2005 general plan).]]

====Line 4 ([[Podilsko–Vyhurivska line|Podilsko-Vyhurivska]])====
{{Main|Podilsko–Vyhurivska line|Podilskyi Bridge}}
The fourth line of the Kyiv Metro (also known as the Podilsko-Voskresenska line) will connect the northern [[Troieshchyna]] districts in the east with the future business center of [[Rybalskyi Peninsula]]{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}} on the Dnieper River, and from there arc around the [[Podil]] neighborhood. The line will continue westwards along the northern slope of the Starokyivska Hora and into the northwestern part of central Kyiv, where it will turn south and reach the [[Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station|Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi Railway Station]]. In doing so, it will offer transfers to all three other Metro lines and thus relieve the over-congested transfer points in the center. The last planned stage will connect the line to Kyiv's [[Zhuliany airport]] and the residential districts along the way.

This line first appeared in plans in 1980, when a new plan for Kyiv Metro development appeared. The section between [[Voskresenka (Kyiv)|Voskresenka]] (2&nbsp;km south of Troieshchyna) and Vokzalna (through Chervona Ploshcha (now [[Kontraktova Ploshcha (Kyiv Metro)|Kontraktova Ploshcha]] station), instead of today's plan to direct it via [[Tarasa Shevchenka (Kyiv Metro)|Tarasa Shevchenka]]), was planned to be open by 2000. Due to protests over the passage of the line through the historical neighborhood of [[Podil]], the line was rerouted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/articles/rus/pvl.htm|script-title=ru:Рождение Подольско-Воскресенской|date=25 Mar 1992|website=www.metropoliten.kiev.ua|language=ru|trans-title=The birth of Voskresensko-Podolska [line]|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2017-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716080312/http://www.metropoliten.kiev.ua/articles/rus/pvl.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Construction started in 1993, from the [[Podilskyi Bridge|Podilsko-Voskresenskyi bridge]]. It was later stopped due to financial difficulties. This remains the only built section of the line. A second attempt was made in 2004, and it was expected that the bridge would be opened three years later, but work was again halted because the bridge had to pass through [[Rusanivski Sady]], where the houses were to be demolished without compensation, which resulted in protest from residents.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sady.in.ua/content/view/110/44/|script-title=uk:Русанівські Сади - Влада приховує, на що використає 8 млн. «мостових» гривень|year=2012|website=sady.in.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Rusanivski Sady - The government hides the purpose of UAH 8M spending of "bridge" money|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2018-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121184540/http://sady.in.ua/content/view/110/44/|url-status=live}}</ref> Other factors that contributed to the suspension of the project included problems with construction and the [[2008 financial crisis]]. Work on the bridge was only restarted in mid-2017, and it was forecasted to be opened by the end of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2281693-podilskij-mist-nad-dniprom-se-3-roki-i-mozna-ihati.html |title= Подільський міст над Дніпром: ще 3 роки - і можна їхати |year= 2017 |trans-title= Podil bridge over Dnipro: three more years - and we can drive |access-date= 2018-06-03 |archive-date= 2018-01-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180110054918/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2281693-podilskij-mist-nad-dniprom-se-3-roki-i-mozna-ihati.html |url-status= live }}</ref>

The feasibility of the line has been subject to discussion, and alternative projects have been proposed, such as the construction of a light rail or light metro instead.<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://vesti-ukr.com/kiev/5807-pojavjatsja-pochti-40-novyh-stancij-kievskoj-podzemki |script-title= ru:В Киеве начнется транспортная революция |last= Браткова |first= Анастасия |date= 2013-06-14 |work= vesti-ukr.com |access-date= 2017-07-06 |language= ru |trans-title= A transport revolution will start in Kyiv |archive-date= 2017-08-05 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170805234528/http://vesti-ukr.com/kiev/5807-pojavjatsja-pochti-40-novyh-stancij-kievskoj-podzemki |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bespalov.me/2014/10/15/troeschina-metro-ili-tramvay/|title=Троєщина: метро або трамвай|date=2014-10-15|website=Дмитрий Беспалов {{!}} Блог|language=uk, ru|trans-title=Troieshchyna: subway or tram|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2018-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122071811/https://bespalov.me/2014/10/15/troeschina-metro-ili-tramvay/|url-status=live}}</ref> Nevertheless, as of 6 July 2017, the subway option is still preferred, despite the route being altered from plan to plan.<ref name=":19" />

In May 2017, the Kyiv City Council signed a memorandum with a Chinese consortium (which includes the [[China Railway International Group]] and the [[China Pacific Construction Group]]) to assess the current advancement of the project and, eventually, to finally construct the line.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zn.ua/UKRAINE/vlasti-kieva-podpisali-memorandum-s-kitayskimi-kompaniyami-o-stroitelstve-chetvertoy-linii-metro-248845_.html|script-title=uk:Власти Киева подписали меморандум с китайскими компаниями о строительстве четвертой линии метро|date=19 May 2017|work=ZN.ua|access-date=2017-07-08|language=uk|trans-title=Kyiv's authorities signed a memorandum with a Chinese consortium on the construction of the fourth line of the Kyiv underground.|archive-date=2017-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520042824/https://zn.ua/UKRAINE/vlasti-kieva-podpisali-memorandum-s-kitayskimi-kompaniyami-o-stroitelstve-chetvertoy-linii-metro-248845_.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first segments of the line (colloquially called "metro to Troieshchyna") are planned to be finished by 2025,<ref name=":19" /> while further construction will most probably end after 2030.

==== Line 5 ([[Livoberezhna line (Kyiv Metro)|Livoberezhna]]) ====
{{Main|Livoberezhna line (Kyiv Metro)}}
This line first appeared as a planned line on maps in 1974.

The northern end of the fifth line of the system exists already as part of the [[Kyiv tram]]. However, it will require conversion and, according to some projects, will be temporarily operated as a branch of the Podilsko-Vyhurivska line (4th line). Eventually, a southward extension will commence that will follow along the eastern bank of the Dnieper to the Southern Osokorky district. This is the last Metro project that is envisioned in the present expansion plan and is not expected to be completed until the end of the 2030s.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}

In 2009, it was planned that the first stage of this line will be launched in 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kyivpost.com/news/city/detail/56228/|title=Two companies rival to construct the first stage of Livoberezhna line of Kyiv's metro|date=31 December 2009|newspaper=[[Kyiv Post]]|access-date=31 December 2009|archive-date=6 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106154220/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/city/detail/56228/|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 6 July 2021, however, no section of the line has been opened.

==== Line 6 ([[Vyshhorodsko–Darnytska line|Vyshhorodsko-Darnytska]]) ====
{{Main|Vyshhorodsko–Darnytska line}}
This is a proposed line in the Kyiv underground. Currently, it is under planning. The line is expected to be built in the distant future—as of 2012, any construction was predicted to start only after 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Києву обіцяють чотири тунелі і нову гілку метро |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/06/10/6991843/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912011501/http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2013/06/10/6991843/ |archive-date=2017-09-12 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=Українська правда |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Коник |first=Алиса |date=22 Feb 2013 |title=Генплан Киева: как будут развиваться дороги и транспорт |url=https://kyiv.vgorode.ua/news/transport_y_ynfrastruktura/161144-henplan-kyeva-kak-budut-razvyvatsia-dorohy-y-transport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210756/https://kiev.vgorode.ua/news/transport_y_ynfrastruktura/161144-henplan-kyeva-kak-budut-razvyvatsia-dorohy-y-transport |archive-date=2022-03-03 |access-date=2017-07-06}}</ref> However, shortly after the announcement of such a proposal, the project has been resigned from.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mirmetro.net/kyiv/future|title=Перспективы развития Киевского метрополитена {{!}} Мир метро|website=www.mirmetro.net|date=8 November 2014 |language=ru|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707175918/http://www.mirmetro.net/kyiv/future|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Clarify|reason=Which proposal? What does "resigned from" mean?|date=November 2022}}

=== Extensions ===

==== Line 1 extensions ====
One potential long-term extension of the M1 line is to the town of [[Brovary]], to the east of Kyiv. A much more feasible short-term extension is to [[Novobilychi (Kyiv Metro)|Novobilychi]] station, with a [[Novobilychi depot (Kyiv Metro)|depot]].<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node/108|title=Перспективи розвитку {{!}} Київський метрополітен|website=www.metro.kyiv.ua|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930210130/http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/?q=node%2F108|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, Volodymyr Fedorenko, then-head of the Kyiv Metro communal enterprise, said this extension might be constructed by 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kyiv.comments.ua/news/2011/08/02/190044.html|script-title=uk:До 2020 року «червона гілка» метро поповниться станцією «Новобіличі»|date=2 Aug 2011|work=comments.ua|access-date=2017-07-07|language=uk|trans-title=The red line will be enhanced with the new "Novobilychi" station|archive-date=2017-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207032651/http://kyiv.comments.ua/news/2011/08/02/190044.html|url-status=live}}</ref> However, this construction has not happened, as the Line 4 construction is currently the absolute priority; moreover, Novobilychi station's location will not bring the line to any significant residential area (Bilychi, the nearest area, is already west of Akademmistechko station), although it will connect with a train station. As of 5 May 2021, no tenders have taken place. The westward extension might continue further into Berkovets.<ref name=":22" />

==== Line 2 (southern extension) ====
A planned extension of the M2 line will feature a side branch: the side branch will go to the [[Teremky bus station]], which opened in December 2016, and Dmytro Lutsenko street, and will serve the Teremky-2 and Teremky-3 residential areas, while the main line is expected to go further southwest to Odeska station.<ref name=":22" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mirmetro.net/kyiv/cruise_02|title=Куренёвско-Красноармейская линия {{!}} Мир метро|website=www.mirmetro.net|date=29 January 2014 |language=ru|trans-title=Kurenivsko-Krasnoarmiiska Line {{!}} The world of Metro|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712022422/http://www.mirmetro.net/kyiv/cruise_02|url-status=live}}</ref> For the moment, this extension is not a priority.<ref name=":21" />

==== Line 3 (eastward extension) ====
Several extension proposals for the M3 line have been made. In the 2005 general plan, the line was supposed to turn sharply from Chevonyi Khutir to [[Darnytsia Railway Station|Darnytsia railway station]], with a subsequent extension to Livoberezhna. Presumably, the proposal was declined, as later plans do not include any lines' prolongation beyond Chervonyi Khutir. In April 2017, Kyiv's Mayor [[Vitali Klitschko]] and Ukraine's Minister of Infrastructure, [[Volodymyr Omelyan]], announced they "were talking about the project of subway extension from Boryspilska metro station to [[Boryspil International Airport|Boryspil airport]] with the help of private financing",<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://gordonua.com/ukr/news/kyiv/do-aeroportu-borispil-pid-kijevom-provedut-liniju-metro-185538.html|script-title=uk:До аеропорту Бориспіль під Києвом хочуть провести лінію метро - Омелян|date=27 Apr 2017|work=gordonua.com|access-date=2017-07-07|language=uk|trans-title=Omelyan: "A subway line is proposed to be built to "Boryspil" airport near Kyiv"|archive-date=2022-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210759/https://gordonua.com/ukr/news/kiev/do-aeroportu-borispil-pid-kijevom-provedut-liniju-metro-185538.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ua.censor.net.ua/news/438112/tse_logichno_i_svoyechasno_omelyan_pro_mojlyve_budivnytstvo_metro_do_boryspolya |script-title=uk:"Це логічно і своєчасно": Омелян про можливе будівництво метро до Борисполя|last=Цензор.НЕТ|work=Цензор.НЕТ|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501001014/http://ua.censor.net.ua/news/438112/tse_logichno_i_svoyechasno_omelyan_pro_mojlyve_budivnytstvo_metro_do_boryspolya|archive-date=2017-05-01|url-status=dead|language=uk|trans-title="It is logical and up-to-date" - Omelyan on the possible metro construction to Boryspil}}</ref> although the project's approximately {{Convert|15|km|abbr=on}} extension is unlikely to happen soon.

==== Line 3 (northward extension) ====
The northward extension to [[Vynohradar]] has been a long-planned event, with the first maps appearing in the newspaper ''[[Evening Kyiv]]'' in August 1970.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Issue №198 (7977)|date=25 Aug 1970|work=Evening Kyiv|language=uk}}</ref>

In February 2017, an article<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2017/02/17/proekt-metro-na-vinogradar-peredbachaye-budivnitstvo-vertikalnih-tuneliv/|script-title=uk:Проект метро на Виноградар передбачає будівництво «вертикальних» тунелів|last=Салій|first=Юлія|date=2017-02-17|website=Хмарочос|language=uk|trans-title=The Vynohradar metro project foresees construction of "vertical" tunnels|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2018-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122925/https://hmarochos.kiev.ua/2017/02/17/proekt-metro-na-vinogradar-peredbachaye-budivnitstvo-vertikalnih-tuneliv/|url-status=live}}</ref> suggested that the plans were already given for analysis and that construction had to start by late 2017. The article mentions that the project will feature an engineering feat not made before in Kyiv: instead of parallel tunnels, one tunnel will be on top of another. On 6 July 2017, the [[China Machinery Engineering Corporation|Chinese Machinery Engineering Corporation]] said it was ready to invest and build the line to Vynohradar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kyivcity.gov.ua/news/52199.html |script-title=uk:Віталій Кличко обговорив із топ-менеджером китайської СМЕС інвестиції у транспортну інфраструктуру Києва|date=6 July 2017|website=kyivcity.gov.ua|language=uk|trans-title=Vitaliy Klychko has discussed the investments in the Kyiv's transport infrastructure with China Machinery Engineering Corporation's (CMEC) top manager|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708151119/http://kyivcity.gov.ua/news/52199.html|archive-date=2017-07-08|url-status=dead|access-date=2017-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kiiv/2260772-za-budivnictvo-metro-na-vinogradar-moze-vzatisa-kitajska-cmec-klicko.html|script-title=uk:За будівництво метро на Виноградар може взятися китайська CMEC - Кличко|date=6 July 2017|work=Укрінформ|access-date=2017-07-07|language=uk|trans-title=China's CMEC can take up Vynohradar's metro construction|archive-date=2022-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303210812/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2260772-za-budivnictvo-metro-na-vinogradar-moze-vzatisa-kitajska-cmec-klicko.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In February 2017, the line's extension and two stations—[[Mostytska (Kyiv Metro)|Mostytska]] and [[Varshavska (Kyiv Metro)|Varshavska]] (earlier known as Prospekt Pravdy)—were scheduled for opening in late 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espreso.tv/news/2017/02/17/metro_na_vynogradar_potyagy_yizdytymut_odyn_nad_odnym|script-title=uk:Метро на Виноградар. Потяги їздитимуть один над одним|date=17 Feb 2017|website=[[espreso.tv]]|language=uk|trans-title=Subway to Vynohradar. The trains will go one over another.|access-date=2017-07-07|archive-date=2017-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224095455/http://espreso.tv/news/2017/02/17/metro_na_vynogradar_potyagy_yizdytymut_odyn_nad_odnym|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2018, Kyiv Metro signed a contract for the construction of the Mostytska and Varshavska subway stations and a branch line toward the Vynohradar station; the deadline for completion was set for 2021.<ref name="675762branchtoVynohradar">{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2021/07/8/675762/ The Kyiv metro assures that the branch to Vynohradar will be opened by the end of the year] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906194512/https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2021/07/8/675762/ |date=2021-09-06 }}, [[Ukrainska Pravda|Ekonomichna Pravda]] (8 July 2021)</ref> In the contract, it was agreed that the Chamber of Commerce would judge on possible justifiable [[force majeure]] that would slow down the work.<ref name="675762branchtoVynohradar"/> In early September 2021, the Chamber of Commerce judged there was such, and the expiration of the contract with the Kyiv Metro was to be postponed from November 2021 to May 2023.<ref name="677509branchtoVynohradar">{{in lang|uk}} [https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2021/09/6/677509/ Metro to Vynohradar does not have time to be built before 2023] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906194511/https://www.epravda.com.ua/news/2021/09/6/677509/ |date=2021-09-06 }}, [[Ukrainska Pravda|Ekonomichna Pravda]] (6 September 2021)</ref> The opening of the stations was further delayed to 2024 in July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marushchak |first=Oleksandr |date=2023-07-13 |title=Метро на Виноградар у Києві обіцяють вже 2024 року: що кажуть експерти |url=https://tsn.ua/exclusive/metro-na-vinogradar-v-kiyevi-obicyayut-vzhe-v-2024-roci-scho-kazhut-eksperti-2368981.html |website=ТСН |language=uk}}</ref> As of May 2025 the stations are expected to be opened in 2027.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Konoshchuk |first=Yaroslav |date=2025-05-16 |title=Обіцянки під землею: скільки ще чекати метро на Виноградарі |url=https://www.unian.ua/economics/transport/obicyanki-pid-zemleyu-skilki-shche-chekati-metro-na-vinogradari-novini-kiyeva-13009590.html |website=UNIAN |language=uk}}</ref>

Further plans feature another extension to Marshala Hrechka station with [["Vynohradar" depot|Vynohradar depot]] built as well.<ref name=":22" />

==Language ==
=== Ukrainian, Russian, and English languages  ===
[[File:Inf board metro.JPG|thumb|Ukrainian language signs are dominant throughout the Kyiv metro|247x247px]]

When the Metro was opened in 1960, although many workers and all technical-level documents used Russian, all the signs and announcements used Ukrainian exclusively. The lexical similarity of the languages allowed every station to have a Russian translation, and these were often given in Russian language literature and media. However, some Ukrainian names for stations were different from Russian ones, and to signify this, those stations were sometimes partially translated into Russian, effectively blending Ukrainian words into Russian grammar. Examples of this include the station names ''Ploshcha'' ''Zhovtnevoi Revolutsii'', ''Zhovtneva'', and ''Chervonoarmiyska''{{Citation needed|date=July 2017|reason=No map neither any of the sources mentioned in this article feature such translation of the example given. It is good, if only there were sources...}} (later renamed to Maidan Nezalezhnosti, Beresteiska, and Palats Ukraina, respectively) which when translated into Russian would become ''Oktyabrskaya'' and ''Krasnoarmeiskaya.'' The names were instead given as ''Zhovtnevaya'' and ''Chervonoarmeiskaya.''

In the early to mid-1980s, due in part to both [[Volodymyr Shcherbytsky]]'s gradual [[Russification]] campaign and Kyiv becoming increasingly [[Russophone|Russophonic]], the metro started to change as well. Although the stations retained their original Ukrainian titles on the vestibules, Russian appeared together with Ukrainian on the walls and replaced Ukrainian in signs and voice announcements. Stations that were opened during this period still had Ukrainian names appearing along with Russian ones on the walls, but now all the decorations where slogans were included, became bilingual. Also during this time, the practice of blending Ukrainian into Russian was dropped, and those selected stations were named in standard Russian translation.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}}

During [[Perestroika]] in the late 1980s, [[bilingualism]] was gradually introduced in signs and voice announcements on trains. Before 1991, this was done with Ukrainian following Russian, but after the republic proclaimed independence in August 1991, the order was changed to Ukrainian preceding Russian. After the [[fall of the Soviet Union]] in late 1991, both signs and voice announcements were changed from bilingual to just Ukrainian as the official language of the state.{{Citation needed|date=July 2017}} However, the Russian names are still used in Russian-language literature and some documentation, and some of the decorations still feature bilingual inscriptions.

The usage of English in stations started just before the [[UEFA Euro 2012|Euro-2012 football tournament]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/4faa3781e8797/|script-title=uk:Незабаром метро "заговорить" англійською|date=9 May 2012|work=Українська правда - Київ|access-date=2017-07-07|language=uk|trans-title=The underground "will speak" English soon|archive-date=2014-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127014538/http://kyiv.pravda.com.ua/news/4faa3781e8797/|url-status=live}}</ref> and all of Kyiv's underground stations now feature English with [[Latin script|Latin transliteration]] on signs and official maps. English is used for the station arrival announcements on par with Ukrainian.

== History of station names ==
Some of Kyiv's underground stations have been renamed before and (to a greater extent) after they were completed. The only station to be renamed during the Soviet period occurred in 1977 when the name of "Ploshcha [[Mikhail Kalinin|Kalinin]]a" was changed to "Ploshcha Zhovtnevoi Revolutsii" for the upcoming 60th anniversary of the [[October Revolution]].

During the 1990s, more changes occurred, mostly relating to stations with names connected to [[Communism]]. On 15 October 1990, "Chervona Ploshcha" became "Kontraktova Ploshcha", and "Prospekt [[Oleksandr Korniychuk|Korniychuk]]a" became "Obolon". A half-built station, due to be called "[[Fyodor Sergeyev|Artem]]a", was renamed "Lukianivska". On 26 August 1991, following Ukraine's declaration of independence, "Ploshcha Zhovtnevoi Revolutsii" became known as "Maidan Nezalezhnosti". In 1993, nine stations, most of which bore communist symbolism in their name, were given politically neutral names:{{refn|1=Data from "Decision of the Kyiv Council of People's Deputees of the Kyiv City Governmental Administration nr. 16/116 ''On the return of historical names [and] renaming of parks of culture and leisure [and] metro stations'' (2 February 1993)|group=note}}

{| class="wikitable"
!Former name
!New name
|-
|Zhovtneva ([[October Revolution|October]])
|[[Beresteiska (Kyiv Metro)|Beresteiska]] ([[Brest, Belarus|Brest]])
|-
|Dzerzhynska ([[Felix Dzerzhinsky|Dzerzhinsky]])
|[[Lybidska (Kyiv Metro)|Lybidska]] ([[Lybid]])
|-
|Chervonoarmiiska ([[Red Army]])
|[[Palats Ukraina (Kyiv Metro)|Palats Ukraina]] ([[Palace "Ukraine"]])
|-
|Mechnykova ([[Élie Metchnikoff|Mechnikov]])
|[[Klovska (Kyiv Metro)|Klovska]] ([[Klov]])
|-
|Pionerska ([[Young Pioneers (Soviet Union)|Pioneer]])
|[[Lisova (Kyiv Metro)|Lisova]] (Forest)
|-
|Bilshovyk ([[Bolsheviks|Bolshevik]])
|[[Shuliavska (Kyiv Metro)|Shuliavska]] (Shuliavka)
|-
|Leninska ([[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]])
|[[Teatralna (Kyiv Metro)|Teatralna]] ([[Lesya Ukrainka National Academic Theater|Theater]])
|-
|Komsomolska ([[Komsomol]])
|[[Chernihivska (Kyiv Metro)|Chernihivska]] ([[Chernihiv]])
|}
In 2011, "Respublikanskyi Stadion" became "Olimpiiska", in honour of the forthcoming [[UEFA Euro 2012|Euro-2012 football tournament]]. In 2018, "Petrivka" (named after the Soviet politician [[Grigory Petrovsky]]) was re-designated as "Pochaina" after the river that once flowed nearby,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2392667-u-kiivradi-pidtrimali-perejmenuvanna-metro-petrivka.html|script-title=uk:У Київраді підтримали перейменування метро "Петрівка"|access-date=2018-01-30|language=uk|archive-date=2018-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130161947/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-kyiv/2392667-u-kiivradi-pidtrimali-perejmenuvanna-metro-petrivka.html|url-status=live |date=30 January 2018 }}</ref> to comply with 2015 [[Decommunization in Ukraine|decommunization laws]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/forget-petrivka-metro-station-now-pochaina.html|title=Forget Petrivka metro station – now it's Pochaina {{!}} KyivPost|date=2018-02-08|work=KyivPost|access-date=2018-02-08|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109032327/https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/forget-petrivka-metro-station-now-pochaina.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2022, as part of [[Derussification in Ukraine|derussification]] efforts following [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russia's invasion of Ukraine]], the following stations were renamed:<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-05-10 |title=Kyiv selects new names for Soviet-linked metro stations |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-europe-61353374?ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ns_campaign=bbc_live&ns_linkname=627a7009c6835775caca7c49%26Kyiv%20selects%20new%20names%20for%20Soviet-linked%20metro%20stations%262022-05-10T14%3A20%3A49.297Z&ns_fee=0&pinned_post_locator=urn:asset:d400805e-6657-456d-9508-df489383961b&pinned_post_asset_id=627a7009c6835775caca7c49&pinned_post_type=share |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
!Former name
!New name
|-
|Ploshcha Lva Tolstoho ([[Leo Tolstoy]] Square)
|[[Ploshcha Ukrainskykh Heroiv (Kyiv Metro)|Ploshcha Ukrainskykh Heroiv]] ([[Square of Ukrainian Heroes]])
|-
|Druzhby Narodiv ([[Friendship of peoples|Friendship of Nations]])
|[[Zvirynetska (Kyiv Metro)|Zvirynetska]] ([[Zvirynets]])
|-
|Prospekt Pravdy (''[[Pravda]]'' Avenue)
|[[Varshavska (Kyiv Metro)|Varshavska]] ([[Warsaw]])

|}

== See also ==
{{colbegin}}
* [[List of metro systems]]
* [[List of metro systems in the Soviet Union]]
* [[Transport in Kyiv]]
* [[Kharkiv Metro]]
* [[Dnipro Metro]]
* [[Kryvyi Rih Metrotram]]
{{colend}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* [http://www.metro.kyiv.ua/ Kyivskyi Metropoliten] — Official website {{in lang|uk}}
* [http://www.mirmetro.net/en/kyiv Kyiv]
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{{Kyiv Metro}}
{{Transport in Kyiv}}
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{{Underground rapid transit in the European Union and the United Kingdom}}

[[Category:Kyiv Metro| ]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Kyiv|Metro]]
[[Category:Underground rapid transit in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1960]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Ukraine]]