View source for Kykuit

{{short description|Historic house in New York, United States}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}

{{more footnotes needed|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox NRHP
| name = John D. Rockefeller Estate (Kykuit)
| nrhp_type = nhl
| image = Kykuit, Tarrytown, NY - front facade.JPG
| image_size = 270
| caption = Front facade, designed by William Welles Bosworth
| location = 200 Lake Road,<br/>[[Pocantico Hills]], [[New York (state)|New York]]
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 12
| mapframe-marker = building
| coordinates = {{coord|41|05|22.6|N|73|50|40|W|type:landmark_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}
| area = {{convert|3400|acre|sigfig=3}}
| built = 1913
| architect = [[Delano & Aldrich]]<br/>[[William Welles Bosworth]] (landscape and renovations)
| architecture = Colonial Revival
| designated_nrhp_type = May 11, 1976<ref name="nhlsum"/>
| added = May 11, 1976<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
| refnum = 76001290
| designated_other1 = New York State Register of Historic Places
| designated_other1_number = 11908.000228
| designated_other1_num_position = bottom
| designated_other1_abbr = NYSRHP
| designated_other1_date = June 23, 1980
}}

'''Kykuit''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|aɪ|k|ə|t}} {{respell|KY|kət}}),<ref name="Clement">{{cite news |last1=Clement |first1=Douglas P. |title=At the Rockefellers' Kykuit, Painterly Gardens and a Rosy Legacy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/22/nyregion/at-the-rockefellers-kykuit-painterly-gardens-and-a-rosy-legacy.html |access-date=2020-10-26 |work=The New York Times |date=20 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="zsmardzwaspost">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/01/AR2009090103661.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130624230358/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2009-09-02/news/36844317_1_ursula-kykuit-vestibule |url-status=live |archive-date=June 24, 2013 |author=Smardz, Zofia|title=Rockefeller's Beautiful Kykuit Mansion Has a Homey Feel|newspaper=The Washington Post|date= September 2, 2009}}</ref> known also as the '''John D. Rockefeller Estate''', is a 40-room [[historic house museum]] in [[Pocantico Hills]], a hamlet in the town of [[Mount Pleasant, New York]] {{convert|25|mi}} north of [[New York City]]. The house was built for oil tycoon and [[Rockefeller family]] patriarch [[John D. Rockefeller]]. Conceived largely by his son, [[John D. Rockefeller Jr.]], and enriched by the art collection of the third-generation scion, Governor of New York, and Vice President of the United States, [[Nelson Rockefeller]], it was home to four generations of the family. The house is a [[National Historic Landmark]] owned by the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]], and tours are given by [[Historic Hudson Valley]].

Kykuit (in modern [[Dutch language|Dutch]] spelling ''Kijkuit'', also ''uitkijk'', is a [[compound noun]] meaning "lookout, look-out"<ref name="zsmardzwaspost"/><ref name="Clement"/>) is situated on the highest point in Pocantico Hills, overlooking the [[Hudson River]] at [[Tappan Zee]]. Located near [[Tarrytown]] and [[Sleepy Hollow, New York|Sleepy Hollow]], it has a view of the [[New York City]] [[skyline]] {{convert|25|mi}} to the south.

==History==
[[John D. Rockefeller]] purchased land in the area as early as 1893, after his brother [[William Rockefeller|William]] had moved into a 204-room mansion, [[Rockwood Hall]], nearby.<ref name="Roberts"/> When Rockefeller and his son chose Pocantico Hills as their residence, he quietly purchased multiple homes and properties in the area, and used the houses for himself and his family and staff, or to rent out. Rockefeller and his wife [[Laura Spelman Rockefeller]] moved into one of these, the Parsons-Wentworth House, in 1893. The couple would spend winter weekends and parts of each summer and fall there, sharing the upstairs rooms with their adult children and in-laws, pending construction of the manor house.

The Parsons-Wentworth House burned down on September 17, 1902, and the Kent House became their temporary residence until rebuilding could occur. ''The New York Times'' mentioned that Rockefeller had never been satisfied with the destroyed house's electric wiring, which had been installed before certain safety measures were developed. He had ordered workers to reroute the wires into conduits, work which had been planned to commence the day after it was pre-empted by the fire. The loss was estimated at $40,000.<ref name="NYTold">{{cite news|title=Rockefeller Home Fire|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1902/09/19/archives/rockefeller-home-fire-exassessor-martin-of-tarrytown-helped-to-save.html|date=September 19, 1902|access-date=July 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Rockefeller Loses House|newspaper=The Evening Standard|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/388968485/|date=September 18, 1902|access-date=July 6, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Roberts">{{cite book|last=Roberts|first=Ann Rockefeller|title=The Rockefeller Family Home: Kykuit|publisher=[[Abbeville Publishing Group]]|date=1998|isbn=0-7892-0222-0}}</ref>

Kykuit was designed originally as a steep-roofed three-story stone mansion by the architects [[Chester Holmes Aldrich]] and [[William Adams Delano]]. Aldrich was a distant relative of the younger Rockefeller's wife, [[Abby Aldrich Rockefeller]], who was involved as artistic consultant and in the interior design of the mansion.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

The initial eclectic structure took six years to complete. Before being occupied, it was substantially rebuilt into its present four-story [[Classical Revival]] Georgian form.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} Completed in 1913, it has two basement levels filled with interconnecting passageways and service tunnels.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} The home's interiors were designed by [[Ogden Codman Jr.]], and feature collections of Chinese and European [[ceramics (art)|ceramics]], fine furnishings, and 20th-century art.

The estate was designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1976.<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1653&ResourceType=District|title=John D. Rockefeller Estate (Kykuit)|date=2007-09-11|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing |publisher=National Park Service|access-date=2007-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123192931/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1653&ResourceType=District |archive-date=2007-11-23|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nrhpinv">{{Cite journal |url={{NHLS url|id=76001290}} |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: John D. Rockefeller Estate|author=James Sheire |date=February 1976 |publisher=National Park Service }} and {{NHLS url|id=76001290|title=Accompanying 22 photos, exterior, undated.|photos=y}}&nbsp;{{small|(5.68&nbsp;MB)}}</ref> In 1979, its occupant, [[Nelson Rockefeller]], bequeathed upon his death his one-third interest in the estate to the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Today, Kykuit is open to the public for tours conducted by [[Historic Hudson Valley]].<ref>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D02E3D91238F931A35751C0A9659C8B63 New York Times, 2003: The Estate Next Door]</ref>

Kykuit was renovated and modernized in 1995 by New Haven architect Herbert S. Newman and Partners. Included were major infrastructure changes enabling the estate to accommodate group tours of the first floor and art gallery, as well as a reconfiguration of third and fourth floor staff quarters into guest suites.

== Gardens ==
[[File:0392 Kykuit.jpg|thumb|Southwestern exposure of Kykuit]]
[[File:Kykuit Sept 2017 08.jpg|thumb|One of several gardens]]
[[File:Kykuit Tea House.JPG|thumb|Kykuit's tea house]]

Initially, the task of landscaping of the grounds was assigned to the [[Olmsted Brothers]] firm.  Rockefeller Senior was unhappy with their work, however, and assumed control of the design himself, transplanting whole mature trees, designing lookouts and the several scenic winding roads. In 1906, the further design of Kykuit's grounds was undertaken by architect [[William Welles Bosworth]], who designed the surrounding [[terrace (gardening)|terraces]] and gardens with fountains, [[pavilion]]s and classical sculpture. These gardens in the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] style are considered some of Bosworth's best work in the United States, looking out over very fine views of the [[Hudson River]]. A few years later, Bosworth would design the Neo-Classical main building complex and landscaping for the new [[campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].

Bosworth's original gardens still exist, with plantings carefully replaced over time, although his entrance forecourt was extended in 1913. The terraced gardens include a Morning Garden, Grand Staircase, Japanese Garden, Italian Garden, Japanese-style brook, Japanese Tea-house, large [[Oceanus]] fountain, Temple of [[Aphrodite]], [[loggia]], and semicircular rose garden.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

==Art collection==
Distributed through the estate are numerous artworks reflecting the tastes of the past occupants. Governor [[Nelson Rockefeller]] collected and displayed many 20th century artworks, with a focus on abstract works from the 1950s through the 1970s. He was also very influential in the selection of artworks for the [[Empire State Plaza|Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection]], located next to the New York State Capitol in [[Albany, New York]].<ref name="Finch">{{cite web |last1=Finch |first1=Charlie |title=A Bizarre Collector |url=http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/features/finch/finch7-30-07.asp |website=Artnet Magazine |publisher=Artnet Worldwide Corporation |access-date=2020-10-26}}</ref>

Nelson Rockefeller transformed previously empty basement passages beneath the mansion that had led to a [[grotto]] into a major private art gallery containing paintings by [[Picasso]], [[Chagall]], and [[Warhol]], the latter two having visited the estate.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}} Between 1935 and the late 1970s more than 120 works of abstract, avant-garde, and modern sculpture from Nelson's collection were added to the gardens and grounds, including works by Pablo Picasso (''Bathers''), [[Constantin Brâncuși]], [[Karel Appel]] (''Mouse on Table''), [[Jean Arp]], [[Alexander Calder]], [[Alberto Giacometti]], [[Georg Kolbe]] (''Ruf der Erde''), [[Gaston Lachaise]], [[Aristide Maillol]], [[Henry Moore]], [[Louise Nevelson]], [[Isamu Noguchi]] (''Black Sun''), and [[David Smith (sculptor)|David Smith]].{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

==Public tours==
The inner park area was opened to restricted conducted tours of the mansion and immediate surrounds in 1994, but remains occupied and controlled by the [[Rockefeller Brothers Fund]], which leased the area from the National Trust for Historic Preservation in 1991 and serves as steward of what is referred to as "the historic area".{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

Public tours are conducted by [[Historic Hudson Valley]], an organization established in 1951 by [[John D. Rockefeller Jr.]] "to celebrate the region's history, architecture, landscape, and material culture, advancing its importance and thereby assuring its preservation."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hudsonvalley.org/about/index.htm |title=About Us / Historic Hudson Valley |access-date=2007-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702010340/http://www.hudsonvalley.org/about/index.htm |archive-date=2007-07-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  Shuttle vans run from a visitor center located at the [[Philipsburg Manor House]] on Route 9 in [[Sleepy Hollow, New York]].

==Pocantico, the family estate==
[[File:Kykuit Oct 2017 04.jpg|thumb|View from Kykuit's entryway]]
[[File:Kykuit Oct 2017 05.jpg|thumb|Dining room]]
[[File:Kykuit Oct 2017 09.jpg|thumb|upright|Music hall]]

The estate, known as Pocantico or Pocantico Hills, occupies an area of {{convert|1380|ha|sigfig=3}}. During much of the 20th century, the {{convert|1420|ha|sigfig=3}} estate featured a resident workforce of security guards, gardeners, and laborers, and had its own farming, cattle, and food supplies. It has a nine-hole, reversible golf course, and at one time had 75 houses and 70 private roads, most designed by John D. Rockefeller Sr. and his son. A longstanding witticism about the estate quips: "It's what God would have built, if only He had the money".

In 1901, John D. Rockefeller Sr. hired golf course architect Willie Dunn, the designer of [[Shinnecock Hills Golf Club]], to build a golf course on the grounds.<ref>{{cite news|work=Travel & Leisure|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/all-for-one|title=All For One |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105135812/https://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/all-for-one |archive-date=January 5, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In late 1946, two of Junior's sons, [[John D. Rockefeller III]] and [[Laurance Rockefeller]], each offered their respective residences, Fieldwood Farm and Rockwood Hall, as headquarters for the then newly formed [[United Nations]]. Family patriarch Rockefeller Junior vetoed the proposals, as the sites were too isolated from Manhattan. He instead tasked his second son, Nelson, to buy a {{convert|6.9|ha|adj=on}} site along the [[East River]] in New York City, which was subsequently donated for the construction of the [[UN Headquarters]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Estate offered as site for the UN headquarters |author1=Harr, John Ensor |author2=Johnson, Peter J. |work=The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family|location= New York|publisher= Charles Scribner's Sons|year= 1988|pages=432–33}}</ref>

Among guests hosted by Nelson and his brother [[David Rockefeller|David]] have been American Presidents [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], [[Richard M. Nixon]], [[Gerald Ford]], and [[Ronald Reagan]], and their wives. Other notable visitors have included United Nations Secretary-General [[Kofi Annan]], President of the Republic of South Africa [[Nelson Mandela]], Shah of Iran [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]], [[King Hussein]] of Jordan, President [[Anwar Sadat]] of Egypt, and [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Mountbatten of Burma]] of the United Kingdom.<ref>Prominent visitors to the estate, including Chagall and Warhol -- Roberts, op.cit. (p.34).</ref>

{{as of|2003}}, 10 or so Rockefeller families lived within the estate, in the central compound and beyond. Much land has been donated over the decades to New York State, including the [[Rockefeller State Park Preserve]], and is open to the public for horseback riding, biking, and jogging. [[Bill Clinton]], who lives just north of the estate, in [[Chappaqua]], has taken regular runs in the State Park.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9802E5D71439F93BA35755C0A9659C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all | work=The New York Times | title=The Ex-President Next Door | date=June 8, 2003 | access-date=May 7, 2010}}</ref>{{update inline|date=October 2020}}

===Residences===
Within the park:
* "Hawes House", home of [[Nelson Rockefeller]]
* "Kent House", home of [[Laurance Rockefeller]]

Outside the park:
* "Abeyton Lodge", home of John D. Rockefeller Jr., demolished when he occupied Kykuit after his father's death
* "Fieldwood Farm", home of [[John D. Rockefeller III]]
* "Hillcrest", a [[Rockefeller University]] property, formerly the mansion built for [[Martha Baird Rockefeller]], second wife of John D. Rockefeller Jr., and current location of the 3-story underground bunker housing the Rockefeller Archive Center
* "Hudson Pines", home of [[David Rockefeller]], just north of the Park ({{convert|177|acre|disp=or|abbr=on}}), originally built for and occupied by his only sister, [[Abby Rockefeller Mauze|Abby]]
* "Hunting Lodge", second home of Nelson Rockefeller
* "[[Rockwood Hall]]", originally the {{convert|1000|acre|adj=on}} property of John D. Rockefeller Sr.'s brother, [[William Rockefeller]], and currently part of the [[Rockefeller State Park Preserve]]

===Notable outbuildings===
[[File:Kykuit Oct 2017 07.jpg|thumb|Pocantico Conference Center]]
[[File:Stone Barns and Blue Hill 2017 06.jpg|thumb|[[Stone Barns Center for Food & Agriculture]]]]
* The Pocantico Conference Center of the [[Rockefeller Brothers Fund]] (RBF), in the Park, where there are regular conferences.

: Originally the "Coach Barn", a three-story complex ultimately redesigned and completed during 1913–14, in heavy stone from the local area, it was the first new structure built on the estate. It is three times the size of the Kykuit mansion. It still houses an impressive collection of horse-drawn carriages, and an equally noteworthy collection of 12 family-owned [[vintage car]]s for public viewing, graphically illustrating the development of automotive design from the early to the mid-twentieth century.<ref>Coach Barn and vehicles illustrating auto design - Ibid., (p.98)</ref>

:In 1994, with funding from David Rockefeller and brother Laurance, its lower floor was converted by the New Haven architects Herbert S. Newman and Partners into a modern, fully equipped meeting facility for the Fund's conferences, with limited overnight accommodations on the upper floor. The facilities, furthering the projects and objectives of the RBF through conferences, seminars, workshops and retreats for RBF staff, are also available to both domestic and foreign nonprofit organizations, including annual gatherings of all the major foundation presidents and [[UN Security Council]] officials, among numerous other dignitaries.<ref>Pocantico Conferences and the Coach Barn - Ibid., (pp.13-14, 47-48); See also the Rockefeller Brothers Fund official website list of Conferences in External Links.</ref>
    
* The "Playhouse", the family seat. In the park, this is the location, since 1994, of the regular semi-annual family meetings, in June and December.

:A rambling French Norman two-story structure completed by Junior during 1927, this structure is also three times the size of the Kykuit mansion. Standing alongside the nine-hole, reversible golf course, an outdoor swimming pool and two tennis courts, it contains an indoor swimming pool and tennis court, fully equipped basketball gym, squash court, billiard room and full-size bowling alley. It also has dining and living rooms, and a huge reception room resembling an English baronial hall.

* The Orangerie, housing [[citrus]] plants, this is modeled after the original at the [[Palace of Versailles]]
* [[Marcel Breuer|Breuer]] Guest House, a modern house that was exhibited at the [[Museum of Modern Art]], then disassembled, shipped to, and reassembled at the estate.
* Underground Bomb Shelter, the location of cabinet papers and private telephone transcripts delivered to the estate during 1973 - and kept there for an unknown period of time - by the then [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]], [[Henry Kissinger]].<ref>Kissinger's cabinet documents delivered to the estate - see Walter Isaacson, ''Kissinger: A Biography'', New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992, (updated, 2005) (pp. 231-32); Seymour Hersh, ''The Price of Power: Kissinger in the Nixon White House'', New York: Summit, 1983 (pp.112, 316, 479).</ref>
* The [[Stone Barns Center for Food & Agriculture]], outside the park, this was opened by David Rockefeller and Peggy Dulany during 2004 <ref>[http://www.stonebarnscenter.org/ Stone Barns Official Site]</ref> and was established in memory of Rockefeller's wife, Peggy. It is a not-for-profit agricultural and educational facility on {{convert|32|ha}} of farmland, in the middle of the {{convert|445|ha|0|adj=on}} family-donated Rockefeller State Park Preserve, allied to the family-funded Pocantico Central School. It sells organic local produce, meat, and eggs to the nearby public for-profit restaurant, Blue Hill, as well as to local businesses in the Pocantico Hills area.
* The Rockefeller Archive Center, a voluminous three-story underground bunker built below the foundations of the Hillcrest mansion of Martha Baird Rockefeller, situated just outside the Park area. This is an impressively equipped repository of 150-plus years of Rockefeller papers, memorabilia, and other outside organizations' collections. It is staffed by ten full-time archivists who patrol {{convert|40|ft|adj=on}} -long shelves on rails, and it contains, for researchers, the publicly restricted and expurgated family history.<ref>The vetted and expurgated family archives available to researchers in the underground bunker - see Cary Reich, ''The Life of Nelson A. Rockefeller: Worlds to Conquer, 1908-1958'', New York: Doubleday, 1996. (pp.774-75)</ref>

Additionally, family members have had a profound effect on the hamlet of Pocantico Hills, which is situated in the open space of the estate completely surrounded by family-owned land. The [[Union Church of Pocantico Hills]], now owned by [[Historic Hudson Valley]], was built by the Rockefeller family, which commissioned stained-glass windows by [[Matisse]] (an abstract [[rose window]], memorializing Abby Aldrich) and by [[Chagall]] (the remainder of the windows, emphasizing Biblical prophets and some [[New Testament]] themes, and memorializing various members of the family and others).  They also helped finance the construction of the local Pocantico Hills School.

==See also==
*[[List of National Historic Landmarks in New York]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Westchester County, New York]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*''The House the Rockefellers Built: A Tale of Money, Taste, and Power in the Twentieth-Century America'', Robert F. Dalzell and Lee Baldwin Dalzell, New York: Henry Holt and Co., 2007.
*{{cite book|last=Roberts|first=Ann Rockefeller|title=The Rockefeller Family Home: Kykuit|publisher=[[Abbeville Publishing Group]]|date=1998|isbn=0-7892-0222-0}}
*''Abby Aldrich Rockefeller: The Woman in the Family''. Bernice Kert, New York: [[Random House]], 1993.
*''Pocantico: Fifty Years on the Rockefeller Domain'', Tom Pyle, as told to Beth Day, New York: Duell, Sloan and Pierce, 1964.
*''Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr.'', Ron Chernow, London: Warner Books, 1998.
*''Memoirs'', David Rockefeller, New York: Random House, 2002.
*''The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family'', John Ensor Harr and Peter J. Johnson. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988.
*''Great Houses of the Hudson River'', [[Michael Middleton Dwyer]], editor, with preface by [[Mark Rockefeller]], Boston, MA: [[Little, Brown and Company]], published in association with [[Historic Hudson Valley]], 2001. {{ISBN|0-8212-2767-X}}.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://hudsonvalley.org/historic-sites/kykuit-the-rockefeller-estate/ Official website]
* HABS: [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhphoto&fileName=ny/ny1700/ny1715/photos/browse.db&action=browse&recNum=0&title2=Kykuit,%20200%20Lake%20Road,%20Pocantico%20Hills,%20Westchester%20County,%20NY&displayType=1&itemLink=D?hh:43:./temp/~pp_l8Ga:: 12 photos], [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhsheet&action=browse&fileName=ny/ny1700/ny1715/sheet/browse.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:43:./temp/~pp_l8Ga::&title2=Kykuit,%20200%20Lake%20Road,%20Pocantico%20Hills,%20Westchester%20County,%20NY&displayType=1&maxCols=2 6 maps and drawings], [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=pphhdatapage&fileName=ny/ny1700/ny1715/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum=0&itemLink=D?hh:43:./temp/~pp_l8Ga:: 23 data pages] on Kykuit at the [[Historic American Buildings Survey]]
* [http://www.rbf.org/ Rockefeller Brothers Fund official website]—Details the regular conferences held by the Fund at the Pocantico estate.
* [http://www.rockarch.org/ Rockefeller Archive Center]—A division of Rockefeller University, these family archives are located outside the Park area in the estate.
* [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE3DE1438F932A35751C1A9649C8B63 "Life at Pocantico Then and Now"] A 2002 ''[[New York Times]]'' interview with David Rockefeller on growing up on the estate.
* [http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/02/23/travel/escapes/23rock.html "Spending a Day at the Rockefellers"] February 2007 ''NYT'' article profiling the family estate.
* [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D02E3D91238F931A35751C0A9659C8B63 "The Estate Next Door"] 2003 ''NYT'' article giving a brief overview of the estate.
* [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9501E1DB1F3FF93AA35750C0A9659C8B63 "Development: Rockefeller Kin to Save Land"] 2003 ''NYT'' article on David Rockefeller's plans for the organic Stone Barns complex and a niece's intervention regarding a housing development on the estate.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080206163017/http://www.hsnparch.com/projects/pocantico/pocanticoEXT1.html Architect's Website: Restoration of the Coach Barn]
* Welles Bosworth: ''[https://archive.org/details/cu31924020506493/page/n5/mode/2up The Altoviti Aphrodite]''. Printed 1920.

{{National Register of Historic Places in New York}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:1913 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Art museums and galleries in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Biographical museums in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Colonial Revival architecture in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Delano & Aldrich buildings]]
[[Category:Gardens in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Palaces in the United States]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in Westchester County, New York]]
[[Category:Houses completed in 1913]]
[[Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Landscape design history of the United States]]
[[Category:Pocantico Hills, New York]]
[[Category:Museums in Westchester County, New York]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in New York (state)]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Westchester County, New York]]
[[Category:National Trust for Historic Preservation]]
[[Category:Open-air museums in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Rockefeller family residences]]
[[Category:Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in New York (state)]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 9]]
[[Category:Gilded Age mansions]]
[[Category:New York State Register of Historic Places in Westchester County]]