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{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Lappeenranta
| official_name      = {{lang|fi|Lappeenrannan kaupunki}}<br />{{lang|sv|Villmanstrands stad}}<br />{{lang|en|City of Lappeenranta}}
| other_name         = Villmanstrand
| settlement_type    = City
| image_skyline      = Lappeenranta Landscape.jpg
| image_caption      = The city landscape
| image_shield       = Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg
| shield_size        = 120x80px
| nickname           = Lepra [https://urbaanisanakirja.com/word/lepra/]
| image_map          = Lappeenranta sijainti Suomi.svg
| map_caption        = Location of Lappeenranta in Finland
| coordinates        = {{coord|61|04|N|028|11|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Finland}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions of Finland|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[File:Etelä-Karjala.vaakuna.svg|15px|link=South Karelia]] [[South Karelia]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Lappeenranta sub-region]]
| leader_title       = [[City manager]]
| leader_name        = Tuomo Sallinen
| established_title  = [[Charter]]
| established_date   = 1649
| area_footnotes     = {{Data Finland municipality|area_footnotes|Lappeenranta}}
| area_total_km2     = {{Data Finland municipality|area_total_km2|Lappeenranta}}
| area_land_km2      = {{Data Finland municipality|area_land_km2|Lappeenranta}}
| area_water_km2     = {{Data Finland municipality|area_water_km2|Lappeenranta}}
| area_rank          = {{Data Finland municipality|area_rank|Lappeenranta}}
| population_as_of   = {{Data Finland municipality|population_as_of|Lappeenranta}}
| population_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|population_footnotes|Lappeenranta}}
| population_total   = {{Data Finland municipality|population_total|Lappeenranta}}
| population_density_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|population_density_km2|Lappeenranta}}
| population_rank    = {{Data Finland municipality|population_rank|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics_type1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type1|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_footnotes|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title1|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info1|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title2|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info2|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title3|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info3|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_title4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title4|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics1_info4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info4|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics_type2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type2|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_footnotes|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title1|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info1|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title2|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info2|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title3|Lappeenranta}}
| demographics2_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info3|Lappeenranta}}
| blank_name         = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_name|Lappeenranta}}
| blank_info         = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_info|Lappeenranta}}
| blank3_name        = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank3_info        = [[Subarctic climate|Dfc]]
| timezone           = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset         = +02:00
| timezone_DST       = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +03:00
| website            = {{Url|https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en}}
}}
'''Lappeenranta''' ({{IPA|fi|ˈlɑpːeːnˌrɑntɑ|lang}}; {{langx|sv|Villmanstrand}}) is a [[city]] in [[Finland]] and the regional capital of [[South Karelia]]. It is located in the southeastern interior of the country and in the [[Finnish Lakeland]]. The population of Lappeenranta is approximately {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lappeenranta}}round -3}}}}, while the [[Lappeenranta sub-region|sub-region]] has a population of approximately {{formatnum: {{#expr: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lappeenranta}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lemi}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Luumäki}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Savitaipale}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Taipalsaari}}round -3}}}}. It is the {{ordinal|{{Data Finland municipality/population count sequence|Lappeenranta}}}} most populous [[Municipalities of Finland|municipality]] in Finland, and the 11th most populous [[List of urban areas in Finland by population|urban area]] in the country.

Lappeenranta is located on the shore of [[Lake Saimaa]], {{convert|30|km|0|abbr=off}} from the [[Finnish–Russian border|Russian border]] and {{convert|64|km}} from the city of [[Vyborg]]. Lappeenranta is one of the most important [[urban centre]]s in the entire Saimaa region, together with the cities of [[Imatra]], [[Mikkeli]] and [[Savonlinna]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.visitsaimaa.fi/en/travelling-to-finland-mikkeli-savonlinna/|title=Finland Travel - Getting to Mikkeli and Savonlinna, Lake Saimaa &#124; Visit Saimaa}}</ref>  Lappeenranta incorporated the late municipalities of [[Lappee]] and [[Lauritsala]] in 1967, [[Nuijamaa]] in 1989, [[Joutseno]] in 2009 and [[Ylämaa]] in 2010.

Lappeenranta, the region's tourism centre, is the second most visited city in Finland by [[Russians|Russian tourists]] after [[Helsinki]] and competes with Helsinki for the largest share of [[Tax-free shopping|tax-free sales]] in Finland. Lappeenranta is a model for renewable energy and a clean living environment. Lappeenranta was the only Finnish city among the 14 finalists of the international Earth Hour City Challenge 2014 organised by WWF. In 2009, Lappeenranta was ranked fourth in the comparison of the largest Finnish cities, while in the 2008 survey the city was ranked fifth.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://yle.fi/uutiset/lappeenrannan_imago_korkealla/5978768 | title=Lappeenrannan imago korkealla | date=December 8, 2009 | work=[[YLE]] | access-date=October 18, 2021 | language= fi}}</ref> In a survey conducted among business representatives in 2011, Lappeenranta was ranked 17th among Finnish cities in terms of image.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.esaimaa.fi/Online/2011/12/02/Lappeenrannan+imago+hyv%C3%A4%C3%A4+keskisarjaa/2011112514194/4 | title=Lappeenrannan imago hyvää keskisarjaa | date=December 2, 2011 | work=[[Etelä-Saimaa]] | access-date=October 18, 2021 | language=fi | archive-date=August 26, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826161013/http://www.esaimaa.fi/Online/2011/12/02/Lappeenrannan+imago+hyv%C3%A4%C3%A4+keskisarjaa/2011112514194/4 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Lappeenranta Airport]], opened in 1918 and located in the city centre, is Finland's oldest operating airport.

==Etymology==
The name ''Lappeenranta'' consists of the [[genitive]] of ''Lappee'' (the name of the original core town) and the common noun ''ranta'' which means "[[shore]]". The harbor was known as ''Lapvesi'' ("lap water"). The history of Lappeenranta includes the rural municipality of [[Lappee]] and the [[Hundred (county subdivision)|hundred]] of Lapvesi. The Swedish name ''Villmanstrand'' contains the words ''vildman'' meaning "wild man" and ''strand'' also meaning "shore".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Everett-Heath |first1=John |title=Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names |date=22 October 2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-190563-6 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191905636.001.0001/acref-9780191905636-e-4009 |language=en |chapter=Lappeenranta}}</ref> A [[wild man]] is depicted on Lappeenranta's coat of arms.

== History ==
{{Quote box<!--This isn't a quotation. Please replace with something more appropriate-->
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{{flagicon image|Flag of Sweden.svg}} [[Finland under Swedish rule|Sweden]] 1649–1741|{{flagicon image|Flag of Russia.svg}} [[Russian Empire]] 1741–1917|{{small|(as part of {{flagicon image|Coats of arms of the Grand Duchy of Finland.svg}} [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] 1812-1917)}}|{{flagicon image|Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg}} [[Finland]] 1917–1918|{{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic]] 1918|{{flag|Finland}} 1918–present}}
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[[File:Map of Lappeenranta 1894.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Map of Lappeenranta in the 1890s]]
The village of Kauskila, located about eight kilometers to the south of downtown Lappeenranta, was among the most significant [[Karelians|Karelian]] population centers in South Karelia during the [[Middle Ages]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Paasikivi | first1 = Jyrki | last2 = Talka | first2 = Anu | language = fi | date = 2018 | title = Rajamaa - Etelä Karjalan Historia I | location = [[Keuruu]] | publisher = Otavan Kirjapaino Oy | isbn = 978-951-37-7468-4 | page = 204}}</ref> Kauskila has been continuously inhabited for approximately 2,000 years.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Paasikivi | first1 = Jyrki | last2 = Talka | first2 = Anu | language = fi | date = 2018 | title = Rajamaa - Etelä Karjalan Historia I | location = [[Keuruu]] | publisher = Otavan Kirjapaino Oy | isbn = 978-951-37-7468-4 | page = 192}}</ref>

Lappeenranta's original core settlement, '''Lapvesi''', later '''[[Lappee]]''', was originally formed around a headland jutting into Lake [[Saimaa]], the site of the present fortress. The public market was established here, which became so important as a trading place that general Governor Count [[Per Brahe the Younger]] proposed that the Swedish government should grant town privileges to Lapvesi. The town was chartered in 1649 by [[Queen regnant|Queen]] [[Christina of Sweden]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en/Our-City/History |publisher=City of Lappeenranta |access-date=4 March 2019 |archive-date=6 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043300/https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en/Our-City/History |url-status=dead }}</ref> At the time, Lapvesi was an important port for [[tar]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Paasikivi | first1 = Jyrki | last2 = Talka | first2 = Anu | language = fi | date = 2018 | title = Rajamaa - Etelä Karjalan Historia I | location = [[Keuruu]] | publisher = Otavan Kirjapaino Oy | isbn = 978-951-37-7468-4 | page = 395}}</ref>

Between 1721 and 1743, Lappeenranta was the capital of [[Kymmenegård and Nyslott County]] and during this period the Swedes built the fortress out in stages.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fortress, History |url=https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en/Our-City/Lappeenranta-Fortress/History |publisher=City of Lappeenranta |access-date=4 March 2019}}</ref>

In 1741, the [[Battle of Villmanstrand]] was fought between the Swedish and Russian armies in the [[Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)|Russo-Swedish War of 1741–1743]]. The battle ended in a Russian victory. The town was pillaged, wooden structures including the provincial chancellery were burnt and the ecclesiastical archives damaged. The remaining portion of [[Old Finland]] still belonging to Sweden, including Lappeenranta, was ceded by Sweden to [[Russian Empire|Russia]] per the [[Treaty of Åbo|Treaty of Turku]]. Following the creation of the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] in 1809, Old Finland was joined to the Grand Duchy in 1812 as a gesture of goodwill by [[Alexander I of Russia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hs.fi/paivanlehti/12122017/art-2000005486180.html|title=Vanha Suomi syntyi ennen Suomen suuriruhtinaskuntaa|work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]]|date=December 12, 2017|access-date=October 17, 2021|language=fi}}</ref>

Lappeenranta incorporated the neighbouring municipalities of Lappee and [[Lauritsala]] on 1 January 1967, [[Nuijamaa]] on 1 January 1989, [[Joutseno]] on 1 January 2009, and [[Ylämaa]] on 1 January 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=Etelä-Karjalasta yksi kunta |date=8 February 2012 |url=https://yle.fi/a/3-5063042 |publisher=YLE |access-date=20 June 2023}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Unsourced|section|date=June 2023}}
Located on the southern shore of Lake [[Saimaa]], Lappeenranta's neighboring municipalities on the Finnish side are Imatra, [[Lemi]], [[Luumäki]], [[Miehikkälä]], [[Ruokolahti]] and [[Taipalsaari]], and on the Russian side, neighbors include [[Svetogorsk]] and [[Kamennogorsk]].

=== Climate ===
Lappeenranta  has a [[humid continental climate]] of the warm-summer type ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfb''). The summers are longer, although rarely hot, and usually warm. Some of the warmest summers in the country can be found here, due to its orientation: southern but inland. Being in an eastern part of [[Finland]], the winters are often harsh but still mild compared to areas further east.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=29590&cityname=Lappeenranta,+South+Karelia,+Finland&units=|title=Lappeenranta, Finland Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lappeenranta.climatemps.com/|title=Lappeenranta Climate Lappeenranta Temperatures Lappeenranta Weather Averages|website=www.lappeenranta.climatemps.com|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref>

[[Anchorage, Alaska|Anchorage]] has some similarities by being of marine influence of hot currents and at the same time of the marginal continentality. But Lappeenranta is still able to receive heat waves that cross [[Central Europe]] in a warmer climate than cool.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/95785/Average-Weather-in-Lappeenranta-Finland-Year-Round|title=Average Weather in Lappeenranta, Finland, Year Round - Weather Spark|website=weatherspark.com|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref>

==== Climate changes ====
Between 2000 and 2017 the temperature change was greater than the whole previous century, with +1.2&nbsp;°C (higher values than [[Helsinki]] or [[Oulu]]). Since 2000 the number of warm days (> 24&nbsp;°C) has become 2 per year, while the 1900 data indicates only 2 days per decade. From the first half of the twentieth century the days above 24&nbsp;°C changed from rare to occasional in the second half to regular in the present century. There was also a 17.5 decrease in temperature below −1&nbsp;°C for the same comparison period. 2015 was the hottest year since 1900, having one of the less than 50 days with freezing days.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onedegreewarmer.eu/city/Lappeenranta?language=en|title=Europe 1° Warmer: Lappeenranta|website=www.onedegreewarmer.eu|language=en|access-date=2019-03-04}}</ref> Work to reduce the temperature increase has been carried out; the city is again among the best 45 cities in the world in the WWF City Challenge 2016. One of the goals is to reduce [[carbon dioxide]] by 30% by 2020 and zero emissions by 2050.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ely-keskus.fi/documents/10191/20203970/SARA_PIUTUNEN_Greenreality+25052016_lyhennelm%C3%A4.pdf/c2250915-3a36-467f-b966-04ce6b4f2bf4|title=LAPPENRANTA Green Reality}}</ref> According to the 1961-1990 climate norms, the climate of Lappeenranta was a climate of [[Subarctic climate|continental subarctic zone]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfc'') closely bordering on the humid continental climate ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfb''). Compared to decades ago, the total amount of precipitation has also increased somewhat.

{{Weather box
| width = 100% <!-- 77% if there is a template or image next to it -->
| collapsed = <!-- y, if you have normal updates -->
| open = 
| metric first = y <!-- always, except UK or US cities -->
| single line = y
| location = Lappeenranta airport, 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1961 - present
<!--in the order as it appears in the table, not all of the following data may be available, especially records and days of precipitation -->| Jan mean C = -6.7
| Feb mean C = -6.9
| Mar mean C = -2.7
| Apr mean C = 3.5
| May mean C = 10.2
| Jun mean C = 14.9
| Jul mean C = 17.8
| Aug mean C = 15.9
| Sep mean C = 10.7
| Oct mean C = 4.5
| Nov mean C = -0.4
| Dec mean C = -4.0
| Jan high C = -4.0
| Feb high C = -3.8
| Mar high C = 0.9
| Apr high C = 7.9
| May high C = 15.3
| Jun high C = 19.6
| Jul high C = 22.4
| Aug high C = 20.4
| Sep high C = 14.5
| Oct high C = 7.1
| Nov high C = 1.7
| Dec high C = -1.5
| Jan record high C = 7.5
| Feb record high C = 7.5
| Mar record high C = 14.8
| Apr record high C = 24.0
| May record high C = 30.7
| Jun record high C = 32.7
| Jul record high C = 34.6
| Aug record high C = 33.6
| Sep record high C = 27.1
| Oct record high C = 19.2
| Nov record high C = 11.4
| Dec record high C = 9.2
| Jan low C = -9.4
| Feb low C = -9.6
| Mar low C = -6.1
| Apr low C = -0.6
| May low C = 5.1
| Jun low C = 10.1
| Jul low C = 13.2
| Aug low C = 11.9
| Sep low C = 7.3
| Oct low C = 1.9
| Nov low C = -2.3
| Dec low C = -6.1
| Jan record low C = -36.8
| Feb record low C = -33.3
| Mar record low C = -28.0
| Apr record low C = -16.8
| May record low C = -6.0
| Jun record low C = -1.2
| Jul record low C = 4.4
| Aug record low C = 1.7
| Sep record low C = -4.8
| Oct record low C = -12.1
| Nov record low C = -21.1
| Dec record low C = -30.8
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 44.0
| Feb precipitation mm = 34.5
| Mar precipitation mm = 34.2
| Apr precipitation mm = 28.7
| May precipitation mm = 41.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 57.1
| Jul precipitation mm = 71.4
| Aug precipitation mm = 73.0
| Sep precipitation mm = 57.5
| Oct precipitation mm = 63.5
| Nov precipitation mm = 57.8
| Dec precipitation mm = 48.7
| Jan sun = 33.2
| Feb sun = 72.6
| Mar sun = 132.3
| Apr sun = 179.9
| May sun = 262.6
| Jun sun = 267.0
| Jul sun = 259.9
| Aug sun = 209.1
| Sep sun = 123.6
| Oct sun = 71.6
| Nov sun = 24.5
| Dec sun = 18.7
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 10.0
| Feb precipitation days = 8.0
| Mar precipitation days = 8.0
| Apr precipitation days = 7.0
| May precipitation days = 7.0
| Jun precipitation days = 8.0
| Jul precipitation days = 10.0
| Aug precipitation days = 12.0
| Sep precipitation days = 11.0
| Oct precipitation days = 12.0
| Nov precipitation days = 13.0
| Dec precipitation days = 12.0
| source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name = noaa>{{Cite FTP | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/FI/02958.TXT
| server = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]
| title = Lappeenranta (02958) - WMO Weather Station
| access-date = March 4, 2019
}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==

===Population===
{{Historical populations
| title= Historical population
| percentages = pagr
|state = collapsed
 |1815|235
 |1850|1331
 |1870|1121
 |1890|1703
 |1910|3000
 |1920|3329
 |1930|3995
 |1939|13333
 |1972|67088
 |1980|68814
 |1990|68662	
 |2000|70587
 |2010|71982
 |2020|72662
 |footnote=Source: Tilastollinen päätoimisto,<ref name="stv1940">{{Cite web  | url=https://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/69230/stv_1940.pdf | title=Suomen tilastollinen vuosikirja 1940 | date=1941 | publisher=Tilastollinen päätoimisto | access-date=5 January 2024 | language=fi }}</ref> [[Statistics Finland]] (1972-2020)<ref name="Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons"/>
}}
The city of Lappeenranta has {{formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lappeenranta }}}} inhabitants, making it the {{ordinal|{{Data Finland municipality/population count sequence|Lappeenranta}}}} most populous municipality in Finland. The [[Lappeenranta  sub-region|Lappeenranta  region]] has a population of {{formatnum: {{#expr: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lappeenranta}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Lemi}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Luumäki}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Savitaipale}} + {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Taipalsaari}}}}}}.<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>

{{Bar chart
| title   = Population size of Lappeenranta (and merged municipalities) 1990–2020<ref name="Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons">{{Cite web | url=https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8lprraorrr20dut5a0tywm5 | title=Number of foreign-language speakers grew by nearly 38,000 persons | date=31 May 2023 | publisher=Statistics Finland | access-date=12 September 2023 | language=en }}</ref>
| label_type  = Year
| data_type   = Population
| bar_width = 47
| width_units = em
| label3  = 1990
| label4  = 1995
| label5  = 2000
| label6  = 2005
| label7  = 2010
| label8  = 2015
| label9  = 2020 
| data_max = 74000
| data3  = 68662
| data4  = 69850
| data5  = 70587
| data6  = 71435
| data7  = 71982
| data8  = 72875
| data9  = 72662
}}

=== Languages ===

{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|direction=row
|caption = Population by<br/>mother tongue (2024)<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final">{{cite web |url= https://stat.fi/en/publication/cm1jg8tr20lco07vwvoif9s6i |title= Number of foreign-language speakers exceeded 600,000 during 2024  |date= 2025-04-04 |series= Population structure |publisher= Statistics Finland |issn= 1797-5395  |access-date=2025-04-10 }}</ref>
|label1 = Finnish
|value1 = 88.6
|color1 = #002F6C
|label2 = Russian
|value2 = 4.6
|color2 = #D52B1E
|label3 = Chinese
|value3 = 0.5
|color3 = #FFFF00
|label4 = English
|value4 = 0.5
|color4 = #FFFFFF
|label5 = Persian
|value5 = 0.4
|color5 = #239f40
|label6 = Bengali
|value6 = 0.4
|color6 = #F42A41
|label7 = Urdu
|value7 = 0.4
|color7 = #00401A
|label8 = Other
|value8 = 4.6
|color8 = #C5C5C5
}}
Lappeenranta is a monolingual [[Finnish language|Finnish-speaking]] municipality. {{As of|2024}}, the majority of the population, {{formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish|Lappeenranta}}}} persons ({{Percentage|sigfig = 3|{{Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish|Lappeenranta}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Lappeenranta}}}}), spoke Finnish as their first language. In addition, the number of [[Swedish-speaking population of Finland|Swedish speakers]] was {{formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish|Lappeenranta }}}} persons ({{Percentage|sigfig = 1|{{Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish|Lappeenranta}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Lappeenranta}}}}) of the population. Foreign languages were spoken by {{Formatnum: {{pct|{{Data Finland municipality/native language other|Lappeenranta}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Lappeenranta}}|1}}}} of the population.<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/> As [[English language|English]] and [[Swedish language|Swedish]] are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon.

At least 50 different languages are spoken in Lappeenranta. The most commonly spoken foreign languages are [[Russian language|Russian]] (4.6%), [[English language|English]] (0.5%), [[Chinese language|Chinese]] (0.5%) and [[Persian language|Persian]] (0.4%).<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>

=== Immigration ===

{|class="wikitable" style="float:right;" 
|colspan="3"|'''Population by country of birth (2024)'''<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>
|-\
! Nationality || Population || %
|-
|{{flag|Finland}} || 66,437 || 91.4
|-
|{{flag|Soviet Union}} || 2,428 || 3.3
|-
|{{flag|Russia}} || 761 || 1.0
|-
|{{flag|China}} || 419 || 0.6
|-
|{{flag|Iran}} || 292 || 0.4
|-
|{{flag|Pakistan}} || 268 || 0.4
|-
|{{flag|Bangladesh}} || 267 || 0.4
|-
|{{flag|India}} || 256 || 0.3
|-
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}} || 216 || 0.3
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}} || 202 || 0.3
|-
|{{flag|Thailand}} || 194 || 0.3
|- 
|Other || 2,639 || 3.6
|- 
|}
{{As of|2024}}, there were 8,339 persons with a foreign background living in Lappeenranta, or 11% of the population.{{refn|Statistics Finland classifies a person as having a "foreign background" if both parents or the only known parent were born abroad.<ref name="statistics-finland-persons-with-foreign-background">{{cite web |access-date=18 September 2023 |title=Persons with foreign background |publisher=Statistics Finland |url=https://www.stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html |archive-date=5 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105084300/https://www.stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>|group=note}} The number of residents who were born abroad was 7,942, or 11% of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Lappeenranta was 5,516. Most foreign-born citizens came from the former [[Soviet Union]], [[Russia]], [[China]] and [[Iran]].<ref name="statistics-finland-population-2024-final"/>

The relative share of immigrants in Lappeenranta's population is the same as to the national average. Moreover, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years.

=== Religion ===

In 2023, the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland|Evangelical Lutheran Church]] was the largest religious group with 66.8% of the population of Lappeenranta. Other religious groups accounted for 2.6% of the population. 30.5% of the population had no religious affiliation.<ref>[https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11ra.px Key figures on population by region, 1990-2023] Statistics Finland</ref>

== Economy ==
The city's main employers<ref>[http://www.lappeenranta.fi/?deptid=12047 Statistics] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719020322/http://www.lappeenranta.fi/?deptid=12047 |date=2011-07-19 }}. (In Finnish) The city of Lappeenranta, Retrieved 13 January 2011.</ref> are the:
* City of Lappeenranta<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en|title=en - Lappeenrannan kaupunki|website=www.lappeenranta.fi}}</ref>
* [[Fazer]]
* [[Lappeenranta University of Technology]]
* [[Nordkalk]]
* Paroc
* [[Metso Outotec]]
* South Karelia Social and Health Care District<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eksote.fi/sites/eng/Sivut/default.aspx|title=Etusivu|website=www.eksote.fi|access-date=2021-07-04|archive-date=2021-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184123/https://www.eksote.fi/sites/eng/Sivut/default.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* The Armed Forces
* [[UPM-Kymmene]]
* [[VR Group]]

== Tourism ==
{{more citations needed section|date=December 2015}}
[[File:Harbour autumn.jpg|thumb|Autumn in Lappeenranta]]
[[File:Kävelykatu Oleksi.jpg|thumb|[[Pedestrian street]] in the city center]]
[[File:Lappeenranta, Finland - panoramio (4).jpg|thumb|Huge sand art in Lappeenranta]]

Lappeenranta is known as a summer city, mostly due to its closeness to Lake [[Saimaa]], Europe's 4th largest lake. The eponymous GoSaimaa (www.gosaimaa.com) provides all the touristic activities in the area. In addition, its inland location means that summers tend to be warmer and winters colder than along the coastal areas.

Lappeenranta has a healthy winter tourism industry. Various cabins around Lake Saimaa, as well as numerous snowmobiles, Nordic skating, floating in the river, reindeer rides, paragliding, skiing and sledding tracks draw a fair number of winter visitors. The proximity of the Russian border is increasingly evident in the number of Russian tourists visiting the city. In fact, Lappeenranta is closer to [[Saint Petersburg]] ({{convert|195|km|0|abbr=in|disp=or}}) than it is to [[Helsinki]], the capital of Finland ({{convert|220|km|mi|abbr=in|disp=or}}). The presence of Russian tourists is noticeable by the many Russian registered cars on the streets and the use of [[Cyrillic]] letters in signs of some shops.

===Places and events===
* The old fortress, with a number of museums, cafés and the oldest [[Orthodox Church of Finland|Orthodox]] church in Finland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Orthodox Church |url=http://visitlappeenranta.fi/en/Experience/Sights-and-history/Churches/The-Orthodox-Church |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=visitlappeenranta.fi |language=en}}</ref>
* [[St. Mary's Church of Lappee]], an 18th-century wooden church in the center of the city.
* The harbour area, with cruises to [[Vyborg]] and the nearby [[Saimaa Canal]].
* The central market place, where you can enjoy the local specialities, such as meat pies known as "Atomi" (atom) or "Vety" (hydrogen).
* The Night of The Fortess, a two-day cultural festival held in early August.
* The Lappeenranta Ballet Gala in late August.<ref>[http://www.lappeenranta.fi/?deptid=18883 Lappeenranta Ballet Gala] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719020334/http://www.lappeenranta.fi/?deptid=18883 |date=2011-07-19 }}. The city of Lappeenranta, Retrieved 14 January 2011.</ref>
* The annual Lappeenranta National Singing Contest.
* The biggest sand castle in Finland is built next to [[Port of Lappeenranta]] every summer.<ref>[http://hiekkalinna.lappeenranta.fi/en/index.html Sandcastle Lappeenranta] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011003010/http://hiekkalinna.lappeenranta.fi/en/index.html |date=2010-10-11 }}. The official homepage of the Lappeenranta sandcastle, Retrieved 14 January 2011.</ref>
* There are three private cinema theatres in Lappeenranta: Kino-Aula, Nuijamies and Finnkino.
* Major league home games in ice-hockey (SaiPa), basketball (Namika Lappeenranta) and other sports.
* The [[2014 IIHF World U18 Championships|IIHF World Championship Under 18, in 2014]]
* Unlimited Racing Event, on 27 and 29 June 2014

==Sports==
[[File:Damebandy.jpg|thumb|[[Finland women's national bandy team|Finland]] against [[Norway women's national bandy team|Norway]] during the [[2004 Women's Bandy World Championship]]]]

Lappeenranta has several sports teams playing in top levels of Finnish sports leagues.

[[SaiPa]] is an [[ice hockey]] team playing in the highest level in Finland, [[SM-liiga]]. SaiPa was fourth in the national Ice hockey league in the season of 2013–2014. 2014 IIHF Ice Hockey U18 World Championship - Tournament was played Kisapuisto Ice Hall, Lappeenranta & Imatra Ice Hall during 17–27 April 2014. United States won the tournament, Czech Republic was second and Canada was the third.

Lappeenranta has long been known as one of Finland's [[basketball]] cities;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.is.fi/koripallo/art-2000000296819.html#:~:text=Lappeenranta%20on%20Suomen%20paras%20koripallokaupunki.%20Muuhun%20lopputulokseen,miesten%20ett%C3%A4%20naisten%20koripallocupin%20voitot%20matkasivat%20Etel%C3%A4%2DKarjalaan.|title=Koripallovaltikka istuu tukevasti Lappeenrannassa|work=[[Ilta-Sanomat]]|date=8 December 2007|access-date=14 July 2025|language=fi}}</ref> [[Lappeenrannan NMKY]] is a basketball team playing in the third highest level in [[Koripallon I-divisioona|I-division B]] and have won two championships in 2005 and 2006.

NST plays [[floorball]] in the [[Salibandyliiga]] and Rajaritarit is an [[American football]] team in the [[Vaahteraliiga]].

Lappeenrannan Veiterä, or just [[Veiterä]], plays in [[Bandyliiga]] and has been [[list of Finnish bandy champions|Finnish champions]] five times, including in 2017. They have been the champions for women and for girls born in 1995 and 1998.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://worldbandy.com/news.asp?newsid=122&title=Kampparit%20new%20Finnish%20Champions%20in%20bandy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419190030/http://worldbandy.com/news.asp?newsid=122&title=Kampparit%20new%20Finnish%20Champions%20in%20bandy|url-status=dead|title=Kampparit new Finnish Champions in bandy|archivedate=April 19, 2014}}</ref> The city hosted the first ever [[Women's Bandy World Championship]] in [[2004 Women's Bandy World Championship|2004]] and in [[2014 Women's Bandy World Championship|2014]] the tournament was again played in Lappeenranta. The Old Boys World Cup is annually hosted in town, in 2017 for the seventh time.<ref>{{Cite web| title=BANDY - Old Boys VII World Cup | url=http://veitera.fi/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/OldBoys-2017-Bandylogouusi.jpg | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035309/http://veitera.fi/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/OldBoys-2017-Bandylogouusi.jpg | archive-date=2017-12-01}}</ref>

In women's sports Catz Lappeenranta plays basketball and Pesä Ysit plays [[Pesäpallo|Finnish baseball]], both in the top leagues of the nation. Catz has won Finnish national basketball championship four times in a row.

== Transport ==
[[File:Flughafen Lappeenranta.JPG|thumb|The [[Lappeenranta Airport]] terminal]]
[[File:Jouko sub-urban buses.jpg|thumb|Jouko sub-urban buses in city center of Lappeenranta, Koulukatu street, 29th of September 2020]]
[[File:Jouko route guide.jpg|thumb|upright|Jouko route guide app (Digitransit) in mobile phone]]
Lappeenranta is connected to neighbouring cities and municipalities by road. The city is located {{convert|215|km}} from Helsinki and {{convert|195|km}} from [[St. Petersburg]]. From Lappeenranta, the distance to [[Joensuu]], the capital of [[North Karelia]], is {{convert|233|km}} along [[Finnish national road 6|Highway 6]].

There are multiple daily train departures to destinations within Finland from the [[Lappeenranta Central Station|Lappeenranta]] and [[Joutseno railway station|Joutseno]] stations and to Russia from Vainikkala station. The [[Allegro (train)|Allegro]] train service operating between Helsinki and St. Petersburg stops in [[Vainikkala]], a village in Lappeenranta. The journey time to Helsinki is about 2 hours and St. Petersburg about 1.5 hours.

During the summer, when [[Lake Saimaa]] and the [[Saimaa Canal]] are accessible by water, there is a visa-free connection by ship from Lappeenranta to [[Vyborg]], Russia.

The regionally owned [[Lappeenranta Airport]] is located west of the city center.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2017-02-12|title=Lappeenranta Airport acquired by new company / News archive|url=https://www.finavia.fi/en/news-room/news/2015/lappeenranta-airport-acquired-by-new-company/|website=Finavia|archive-date=2017-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021114740/https://www.finavia.fi/en/news-room/news/2015/lappeenranta-airport-acquired-by-new-company/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The airport predominantly serves charter flights to southern Europe, the [[Canary Islands]] and [[Madeira]], as well as regularly scheduled flights on Irish airline [[Ryanair]] to [[Italy]].

The public transport is by bus and is called Jouko.<ref name="Jouko">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lappeenranta.fi/fi/Kartat-ja-liikenne/Paikallisliikenne|title=Paikallisliikenne - Lappeenrannan kaupunki|website=www.lappeenranta.fi|access-date=2021-02-08|archive-date=2022-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815225859/https://www.lappeenranta.fi/fi/Kartat-ja-liikenne/Paikallisliikenne|url-status=dead}}</ref>  The Jouko-buses are pink-colored and they serve 17 sub-urban lines (1, 1X, 2, 2H, 3, 3K, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) and 21 regional lines (100, 101, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 120, 121, 130, 131, 200, 201, 300, 301, 500, 601, 602, 603, 610, 620). Jouko has Waltti-travel card, to which you can charge a 30-day season ticket (travel zones A-D) or a value tickets, which works also in other Finnish cities which do have the Waltti-ticket system. Other ways to buy a ticket in Jouko-buses are single tickets (payment with cash or credit card), mobile-tickets (PayIQ, etc.) and 24-hour ticket. Jouko has also own route-guide (https://lappeenranta.digitransit.fi/), where you can plan a route, see timetables and also see all the Jouko-buses in the map. You can also view delays, exceptions, and other releases. Jouko sub-urban transport is operated by [[Savonlinja]] and V-S Bussipalvelut. Regional lines are operated by Kymen Charterline, V-S Bussipalvelut, Vento and Mikkonen. The sub-urban bus fleet consists of low-floor city buses, and the bus models are [[Scania Citywide|Scania Citywide II Electric]], [[Volvo 8900|Volvo 8900LE]], [[Scania Citywide|Scania Citywide LE Suburban]] (two of them are [[Biogas|CNG-buses]]), [[Scania Citywide|Scania Citywide LE]], Scania Lahti Scala and [[Volvo 8700|Volvo 8700LE]].

=== Jouko sub-urban routes ===
* 1 University – Sammonlahti – City centre – Lauritsala – Kiiskinmäki
* 1X University – Sammonlahti – City centre
* 2 Kivisalmi – City centre – Lauritsala – Hovinpelto (on Sundays via central hospital)
* 2H Hovinpelto – Lauritsala – Railway station – Leiri – City centre
* 3 Leiri – Railway station – City centre – Pikisaari – Kariniemi – Kivisalmi
* 3K Kivisalmi – City centre – Leiri – Kesämäki
* 3K Kesämäki – Railway station – City centre – Kivisalmi
* 4 Mäntylä – City centre – Karhuvuori
* 4 City centre – Karhuvuori
* 5 University – Sammonlahti – City centre – Railway station
* 7 Mustola – Lauritsala – City centre
* 8 Kariniemi – Pikisaari – City centre – Sammonlahti – Ruoholampi – Rutola
* 12 University – Sammonlahti – City centre
* 12 Kivisalmi – City centre 
* 12 University – Sammonlahti – City centre – Karhuvuori – Lauritsala – Hovinpelto – Mustola – Kiiskinmäki
* 12 Kiiskinmäki – Kanavansuu – Lauritsala – City centre – Kivisalmi
* 14 Mäntylä – City centre – Karhuvuori – Lauritsala – Mustola
* 21 Vuoksenniska – Sotkulampi – Imatrankoski – Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station) –Mustalampi – Vuoksenniska
* 22 Vuoksenniska – Mustalampi – Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station) – Imatrankoski – Sotkulampi – Vuoksenniska
* 23 Jakola – Imatrankoski – Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station) – Sienimäki – Vuoksenniska – Rautio – Huhtanen
* 24 Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station) – Imatrankoski – Meltola – Salo-Issakka – Perä-Meltola – Meltola – Imatrankoski – Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station)
* 25 Imatran Kylpylä (Imatra Spa) – Mansikkala (Keskusasema / Central station) – Saareksiinmäki – Meltola – Imatrankoski

== Education ==
Lappeenranta is known as an international university city in Finland with [[LUT University]] and [[LAB University of Applied Sciences]] which together have approximately 13,000 students from 68 countries. Lappeenranta is also a commercial centre of South-East Finland and the meeting point of the EU and Russia, {{Convert|215|km}} from both [[Helsinki]] and [[St. Petersburg]].

Lappeenranta has numerous schools at almost all levels of education, including the [[Lappeenranta University of Technology|LUT University]], LAB University of Applied Sciences,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.saimia.fi/en-FI/|title=Saimaa University of Applied Sciences|date=January 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115000308/http://www.saimia.fi/en-FI/|archive-date=2013-01-15}}</ref> located in a shared Skinnarila campus of around 8000 students, the Army Academy (branch of the Finnish Defence Forces), South Karelia Vocational College and South Karelia Adult Education Centre.

== Notable people ==
* [[Anna-Kaarina Aalto]], physician and politician
* [[Antti Aalto]] (born 1975), former ice-hockey player
* [[Koop Arponen]] (born 1984), singer and winner of the ''[[Idols (Finland)|fourth series]]'' of the ''[[Idols (Finland)|Idols]]'' in 2008
* [[Ivan Fedotov]] (born 1996), Finnish-born Russian professional ice hockey goaltender
* [[Kaarlo Halttunen]] (born 1909), former actor
* [[Laila Hirvisaari]] (formerly Laila Hietamies), novelist. She has written a novel series about Lappeenranta and its people.
* [[Horna]], Finnish black metal band
* [[Kari Jormakka]], philosopher, architect and architecture theorist
* [[Kotiteollisuus]], [[hard rock]] band
* [[Matti Lehtinen]] (1922–2022), operatic [[baritone]]
* [[Kiba Lumberg]] (born 1956), Finnish author and writer
* [[Pave Maijanen]] (1950–2021), musician
* [[Miikka Multaharju]] (born 1977), football player
* [[Jukka Paarma]] (born 1942), former Archbishop of Turku and Finland
* [[Tiia Piili]] (born 1979), gymnast
* [[Saku Puhakainen]] (born 1975), football player
* [[Jaska Raatikainen]] (born 1979), drummer of the band [[Children of Bodom]]
* [[Jaana Savolainen]] (born 1964), cross country skier
* [[Sargeist]], Finnish black metal band
* [[Satanic Warmaster]], Finnish black metal band
* [[Petri Skriko]] (born 1962), retired ice-hockey player in the [[National Hockey League|NHL]] in US
* [[Juha Tiainen]], former Olympic gold medallist in hammer throw
* [[Mokoma]], [[thrash metal]] band
* [[Battlelore]], [[symphonic metal]] band
* [[Hanna Pakarinen]] (born 1981), the first Idols winner in Finland came from Lappeenranta.
* [[Christian Ruuttu]] (born 1964), former [[ice hockey]] player in the [[National Hockey League|NHL]] 
* [[Vesa Vierikko]] (born 1956), Finnish actor
* [[Vesa Viitakoski]] (born 1971), former ice hockey player in [[SM-liiga]]

==In media==
Lappeenranta is the setting for ''[[Bordertown (Finnish TV series)|Bordertown]]'', the Finnish police drama broadcast by [[Netflix]].

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland}}
Lappeenranta is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref name=sister>{{cite web|title=Twin cities|url=http://www.lappeenranta.fi/In-English/Lappeenranta-In-Brief/Twin-Cities|access-date=29 April 2014|archive-date=27 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227145543/http://www.lappeenranta.fi/In-English/Lappeenranta-In-Brief/Twin-Cities|url-status=dead}}</ref>

*{{flagicon|EST}} [[Rakvere]], Estonia<ref>{{cite web|title=Twin Cities|url=http://rakvere.kovtp.ee/en_GB/twin-cities|publisher=Rakvere|access-date=30 April 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=http://veebiarhiiv.digar.ee/a/20131014091520/http%3A//rakvere.kovtp.ee/en_GB/twin%2Dcities|archive-date=14 October 2013}}</ref> 
*{{flagicon|ISL}} [[Stykkishólmur]], Iceland
*{{flagicon|NOR}} [[Drammen]], Norway
*{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Örebro]], Sweden
*{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Kolding]], Denmark
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast|Klin]], Russia
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Schwäbisch Hall]], Germany<ref name="Schwäbisch Hall twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.schwaebischhall.de/en/welcome/twin-towns.html|title=Schwäbisch Hall and its twin towns|access-date=2013-07-26|work=Stadt Schwäbisch Hall|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140926121436/http://www.schwaebischhall.de/en/welcome/twin-towns.html|archive-date=2014-09-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Szombathely]], Hungary
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Lake Worth Beach, Florida]], US
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Chernihiv]], Ukraine

==See also==
* [[Imatra]]
* [[Joensuu]]
* [[Saimaa Canal]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* {{Official|https://www.lappeenranta.fi/en }}
* [https://www.visitlappeenranta.fi/en/ Official tourism site]
* [https://www.gosaimaa.com/en Official Saimaa tourism site]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = Lappeenranta
 | N  = [[Ruokolahti]]
 | NE = [[Imatra]]
 | E  = {{Flagicon|RUS}} {{Ill|Svetogorskoye Settlement Municipal Formation|lt=Svetogorskoye|ru|Светогорское городское поселение}}<br />{{Flagicon|RUS}} {{Ill|Kamennogorskoye Settlement Municipal Formation|lt=Kamennogorskoye|ru|Каменногорское городское поселение}}
 | S  = {{Flagicon|RUS}} {{Ill|Seleznyovskoye|ru|Селезнёвское сельское поселение (Ленинградская область)}}
 | SW = [[Miehikkälä]] ([[Kymenlaakso]])
 | W  = [[Lemi]]<br />[[Luumäki]]
 | NW = [[Taipalsaari]]
}}

{{SouthKarelia}}
{{50 most populous Nordic urban settlements}}
{{50 most populous Finnish municipalities}}
{{Subject bar|auto=y|commons=Category:Lappeenranta|d=y}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Lappeenranta| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Finland]]
[[Category:Inland port cities and towns in Finland]]
[[Category:Grand Duchy of Finland]]
[[Category:1649 establishments in Sweden]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1649]]
[[Category:Populated lakeshore places in Finland]]
[[Category:Municipalities of South Karelia]]