View source for Lijiang

{{About||the Lijiang River in [[Guangxi]]|Li River|other uses}}
{{lead too short|date=July 2012}}
{{Stack begin}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Lijiang
| official_name                   = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| other_name                      = Likiang
| native_name                     = 丽江市
| native_name_lang                = zh-Hans
| settlement_type                 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
<!-- images and maps ---------->
| image_skyline                   = {{multiple image
|border = infobox
|total_width = 290px
|image_style = border:1;
|perrow = 1/2/1/2/1
|image1 = Black Dragon 黑龙潭 (5496141333).jpg
|caption1= [[Black Dragon Pool]] and [[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain]]
|image2 = 56040-Lijiang (28557443005).jpg
|caption2= [[Old Town of Lijiang]]
|image3 = Jinsha River Valley, Yunnan (49937675611).jpg
|caption3= [[Jinsha River]]
|image4 = 1 lijiang old town 2012.jpg
|caption4 = Lijiang Old town lookout
|image5 = Tiger Leaping Gorge from above, August 2018 (2).jpg
|caption5= [[Tiger Leaping Gorge]]
|image6 = 风景如画的白水河 - panoramio.jpg
|caption6= [[Baishui River]] under the [[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain]]
|image7 = Yulong, Lijiang - China.jpg
|caption7= Baisha Town in [[Yulong County]]
}}
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   =
| image_map                       = Lijiang in Yunnan.svg
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = Location of Lijiang City jurisdiction in Yunnan
| image_map1                      = 
| mapsize1                        = 
| map_caption1                    = 
| image_dot_map                   = 
| dot_mapsize                     = 
| dot_map_caption                 = 
| dot_x                           = 
| dot_y                           = 
| pushpin_map                     = China
| pushpin_label_position          = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in China
| pushpin_mapsize                 = <!-- Location ----------------->
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = People's Republic of China
| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Yunnan]]
| subdivision_type2               = 
| subdivision_name2               = 
| seat_type                       = [[Administrative center|Admin HQ]]
| seat                            = [[Gucheng District|Gucheng]]
| parts_type                      = 
| parts_style                     = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
                               Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5 -->
| parts                           = <!-- parts text or header for parts list -->
| p1                              = 
| p2                              = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed -->
<!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes            = 
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = 
| leader_name                     = 
| leader_title1                   = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
| leader_name1                    = 
| leader_title2                   = 
| leader_name2                    = 
| leader_title3                   = 
| leader_name3                    = 
| leader_title4                   = 
| leader_name4                    = 
| established_title               = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date                = 
| established_title2              = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date2               = 
| established_title3              = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date3               = <!-- Area --------------------->
| area_magnitude                  = 
| unit_pref                       = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes                  = 
| area_total_km2                  = 20557 <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
| area_land_km2                   = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
| area_urban_km2                  = 1264
| area_metro_km2                  = 1264
<!-- Population ------------------------>
| population_as_of                = 2020 census
| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/yunnan/admin/|title=China: Yúnnán (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>
| population_note                 = 
| population_total                = 1253878
| population_urban                = 288787
| population_metro                = 288787
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_density_urban_km2    = auto
| population_density_metro_km2    = auto
| population_blank1_title         = 
| population_blank1               = 
| population_density_blank1_km2   = 
| population_blank2_title         = 
| population_blank2               = 
| demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{cite book |author=云南省统计局、国家统计局云南调查总队 |title=《云南统计年鉴－2023》|date=December 2023 |publisher=[[China Statistics Press]] |isbn=978-7-5037-9653-1}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 62 billion<br />[[US$]] 9.1 billion 
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 49,768<br />US$ 7,340
<!-- General information --------------->
| timezone                        = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset                      = +08:00
| coor_pinpoint                   = Lijiang municipal government
| coordinates                     = {{coord|26.8552|N|100.2259|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-53_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| elevation_footnotes             = <!--for references: use <ref> tags-->
| elevation_m                     = 2400
| elevation_ft                    = <!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code                     = 674100
| area_code                       = [[Telephone numbers in China|0888]]
| iso_code                        = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-YN-07]]
| blank_name                      = [[Vehicle registration plates of China|Licence plate prefixes]]
| blank_info                      = {{lang|zh-cn|云P}}
| blank1_name                     = 
| blank1_info                     = 
| website                         = {{URL|lijiang.gov.cn}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
 | pic      = Lijiang_(Chinese_characters).svg
 | piccap   = "Lijiang" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
 | picsize  = 125px
 | s        = {{linktext|丽江}}
 | t        = {{linktext|麗江}}
 | p        = Lìjiāng
 | w        = Li<sup>4</sup>-chiang<sup>1</sup>
 | mi       = {{IPAc-cmn|l|i|4|j|iang|1}}
 | j        = Lai6-gong1
 | y        = Laih-gōng
 | tl       = Lē-kang
 | order    = st
}}
{{Stack end}}

'''Lijiang''' ({{lang-zh|s={{linktext|丽江}}}}), [[Chinese postal romanization|formerly romanized]] as '''Likiang''', is a [[prefecture-level city]] in the northwest of [[Yunnan|Yunnan Province]], China. It has an area of {{convert|21219|km2|0}} and had a population of 1,253,878 at the 2020 census whom 288,787 lived in the built-up area (metro) made of [[Gucheng District]]. Lijiang is famous for its [[UNESCO Heritage Site]], the [[Old Town of Lijiang]], which contains a mixture of different historical architecture styles and a complex, ancient water-supply system.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/811 |title = Old Town of Lijiang |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations, Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 4 Apr 2021}}</ref> and borders [[Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture]] and [[Panzhihua|Panzhihua City]] in [[Sichuan]] Province to the east. It has one municipality and four counties.

Lijiang City is located on the [[Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau|Yungui Plateau]], abutting the [[Tibetan Plateau|Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.]] It is one of the key forest areas in [[Yunnan|Yunnan Province]], and one of the west–east power transmission bases of China's hydropower industry. Lijiang City is a [[Multiracial people|multi-ethnic]] settlement: apart from the [[Han Chinese|Han nationality]], there are a total of 22 [[Ethnic minorities in China|ethnic minorities.]]

Lijiang is the only prefecture-level city with three [[World Heritage Site]]s. It is rich in tourism resources, with 104 widely recognised [[tourist attraction]]s, including the [[Old Town of Lijiang]], [[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain|Yulong Snow Mountain]], [[Tiger Leaping Gorge]], and [[Mount Laojun (Yunnan)|Laojun Mountain]].

==History==
{{Further|Chiefdom of Lijiang}}
[[File:Schwarzer Drachenteich Park - Lijiang.png|thumb|left|[[Qing dynasty]] buildings around the [[Black Dragon Pool]] with the [[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain]] in the background.]]
As far back as 100,000 years ago, people of the late [[Paleolithic]] were active in what is now Lijiang{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}. The discovery of cave paintings in the [[Jinsha River|Jinsha River Valley]] along with numerous Neolithic stone tools and later artifacts of [[Bronze Age|Bronze]] and [[Iron Age]] provenance reveal Lijiang to have been one of the most important centres of ancient human activity in southwest China.

During the [[Warring States period]], today's Lijiang was part of the Shu Prefecture of the [[Qin (state)|Qin state]]. At the end of the Warring States period, it was incorporated into the [[Dian Kingdom]]. The Dian Kingdom submitted to the [[Han dynasty|Han Dynasty]], and today's Lijiang City belonged to the Yuezhi Commandery, known as Suijiu County. By the time of the [[Three Kingdoms]], it was part of Yunnan Prefecture. During the [[Northern and Southern dynasties|Northern and Southern Dynasties]] period, the [[Nakhi people|Naxi people]] migrated to the area. During the time of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] it was incorporated into the [[Tibetan Empire]], and subsequently the [[Nanzhao]] kingdom, coming under the jurisdiction of the Jianchuan [[Jiedushi]] (military commission).

The Baisha Old Town was the political, commercial and cultural center for the local Naxi people and other ethnic groups for 450 years from the year 658 AD to 1107AD. The Dabaoji Palace of the Baisha Fresco, very close to the Baisha Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute, was built in the year 658 AD in the [[Tang dynasty]] (618 AD to 907 AD).

In ancient times, the Baisha Old Town used to be the center of [[silk]] embroidery in the southwest of China and the most important place of the Ancient Southern [[Silk Road]], also called the Ancient Tea and Horse Road or [[Ancient tea route]].<ref>Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (2011). ''China's Ancient Tea Horse Road''. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B005DQV7Q2</ref> The Ancient Southern Silk Road started from [[Myanmar|Burma]], crossed Lijiang, [[Shangri-La County]], [[Tibet]], continued through [[Iran]], the [[Fertile Crescent]] before finally reaching the [[Mediterranean Sea]].

Lijiang submitted to [[Kublai Khan|Khubilai Khan]] as he led his troops against the [[Dali Kingdom|Dali kingdom]] in 1253.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Kapstein |first=Matthew |title=Buddhism between Tibet and China |publisher=Wisdom Publications |year=2009 |location=Boston}}</ref> Though the kingdom was incorporated into the [[Mongol Empire|Mongol empire]], then the [[Yuan dynasty]], it was given the status of ''[[tusi]]'', or indigenous office, which gave autonomy to the local Naxi rulers. During the Ming dynasty, the Naxi were one of the few border peoples to support the Ming immediately.<ref name=":0" /> As the Naxi helped the Ming expand in Southwest China the ruler family was given the title of Mu. During this period the Kingdom of Lijiang was able to expand into Sichuan and Tibet bringing many Tibetan peoples into its territory as well as their cultural and religious influence.<ref name=":0" /> It was under the rule of the Naxi ruling house of the [[Mu family]] ({{lang-zh|labels=no|c=木氏}}) during the Yuan (not yet named Mu), [[Ming dynasty|Ming]], and [[Qing dynasty|Qing dynasties]].<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:学术动态—丽江木氏土司与滇川藏交角区域历史文化研讨会综述 |url=http://iea.cass.cn/content-AA0511-2008020114053841910.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215232433/http://iea.cass.cn/content-AA0511-2008020114053841910.htm |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |access-date=May 22, 2019 |website=iea.cass.cn}}</ref> The Mu "held this position until 1723, when Lijiang became directly incorporated under the authority of the Qing central government."<ref name=":0" />

In the 15th year of the [[Ming dynasty|Ming Dynasty]]'s [[Hongwu Emperor]]'s reign (1382), A Jia A De, the local chief of Lijiang, "led the people to submit," and the Lijiang Lu XuanfuSi (Lijiang Road's pacification commissioner's office) was restructured into the Lijiang Prefecture. By the 30th year of the Hongwu Emperor (1397), it was promoted to the Lijiang Junmin Fu (Lijiang Military and Civil Administration), which governed over four states, one county, and one patrol inspection office: Tong'an State, Baoshan State, Ju Jin State, Lin Xi county, and Shimen pass patrol Inspection office.

In the 17th year of the [[Qing dynasty|Qing Dynasty]]'s [[Shunzhi Emperor]]'s reign(1660), the Lijiang JunminFu was established again, with the Mu family continuing to hold the hereditary position of the chief. In the first year of the [[Yongzheng Emperor]]'s reign(1723), the implemented the "reform of the native chieftain system" <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Herman |first=John E. |date=February 1997 |title=Empire in the Southwest: Early Qing Reforms to the Native Chieftain System |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-asian-studies/article/abs/empire-in-the-southwest-early-qing-reforms-to-the-native-chieftain-system/CB30FEE308E2755FF52AC55201029420 |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=47–74 |doi=10.2307/2646343 |jstor=2646343 |issn=1752-0401|url-access=subscription }}</ref> in Lijiang, replacing the hereditary chief with an appointed official from the court, and demoting the Mu family to the position of the [[Qianlong Emperor]]'s reign(1770), Lijiang County was established.

In the second year of the [[Republic of China]] (1912), the Lijiang Prefecture was abolished, retaining only the county, and the county government moved into the former Lijiang Prefecture's office building.

In the 20th year of the Republic of China (1931), three counties were established within the current area of Lijiang: Lijiang, Yongbei, and Huaping.

In 2002 Lijiang City was established, replacing the former Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County.

== Geography ==
[[File:Baoshan (50806418871).jpg|thumb|Baoshan, a village in Yulong County|271x271px]]
Lijiang is located in the northwestern portion of Yunnan and borders [[Sichuan]]. It is within the region encompassed by the [[Hengduan Mountains]], where the [[Qinghai-Tibet Plateau]] and [[Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau]] converge. It borders Sichuan Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Panzhihua City to the east, and Jianchuan, Heqing and Binchuan three of the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in the south. County and Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture Dayao and Yongren counties, west and north are adjacent to Lanping County of Nujiang Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Weixi County of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The city has a total area of 20,600 square kilometers and governs the ancient city, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Yongsheng County, Huaping County and Ninglang Yi Autonomous County.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lijiang.gov.cn/culture/index.html|script-title=zh:丽江市人民政府门户网站|publisher=Lijiang People's Government|access-date=May 22, 2019|archive-date=April 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415030212/http://www.lijiang.gov.cn/culture/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Lijiang City has a terrain that is higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. The highest point is the main peak of [[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain|Yulong Snow Mountain]], with an elevation of 5,596 meters, and the lowest point is at the mouth of the Tangba River in Shilongba Township, [[Huaping County]], with an elevation of 1,015 meters, resulting in a maximum elevation difference of 4,581 meters. To the west of Yulong Mountain lies the high mountain and gorge sub-region of the Hengduan Mountain Range, characterized by high mountains and deep valleys, with steep and towering mountain ranges and rivers cutting deeply through them. To the east of Yulong Mountain is part of the Dianxi Basin's mountainous plateau region, specifically the northwestern sub-region of the Dian Plateau, which has a higher elevation and more robust mountainous terrain. On both sides of the main mountain range, there are also extensive east–west oriented valleys, creating a complex and intricate landscape of landforms with undulating terrain and a significant difference in elevation. There are 111 large and small basins scattered among the mountain ranges, generally at an elevation of over 2,000 meters, with the Lijiang Basin being the largest, covering an area of about 200 square kilometers and an average elevation of 2,466 meters.

The [[Jinsha River]], which flows through Lijiang City, along with the three major mountain ranges that rise abruptly on both sides—the [[Yun Range|Yunling Mountains]]' [[Mount Laojun (Yunnan)|Laojun Mountain]], Yulong Mountain, and Mianmian Mountain (commonly known as Xiao Liangshan), form the basic framework and backbone of the topography of Lijiang City. Laojun Mountain stretches like a barrier from north to south on the west side, with its main peak reaching an elevation of 4,247.4 meters. Yulong Snow Mountain, which is located 15 kilometers from the seat of the city government of Lijiang, features high mountain glacier landforms and is covered with snow all year round. Its 13 peaks are connected end to end, pointing towards the sky. To the east lies Mianmian Mountain. There are 12 high mountains in Lijiang City with an elevation ranging from 3,500 to 5,000 meters. Middle mountains with an elevation between 2,500 and 3,500 meters are distributed across all counties. The areas of [[Ninglang Yi Autonomous County|Ninglang]] and [[Yongsheng County|Yongsheng]] have a particularly high number of these mountains, and low mountainous areas below 2,500 meters are widely distributed in the southeastern and southern parts of the city.

== Climate ==
Owing to its low latitude and high elevation, the city centre of Lijiang experiences a mild [[subtropical highland climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwb''). Winters are mild and very dry and sunny (>70% possible sunshine), although average lows in December and January are just below the freezing mark; January, the coolest month, with 24-hour average temperature of {{convert|6.7|°C|1}}. Spring begins early and remains dry and sunny until late May, when there is a dramatic uptick in frequency and amount of rainfall that lasts until late September. Summers are warm, rainy (more so than it is sunny) and damp, with June, the warmest month, averaging {{convert|19.1|°C|1}}. Autumn sees an abrupt reduction in rainfall and return to sunniness. The annual mean temperature is {{convert|13.3|°C|1}}, while precipitation averages {{convert|968|mm|1|abbr=on}}, around 80% of which occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 29% in July to 80% in December, the city receives 2,412 hours of bright sunshine annually.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = Lijiang, elevation {{convert|2381|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| Jan record high C = 23.3
| Jan record low C = -7.1
| Feb record high C = 24.3
| Feb record low C = -6.2
| Mar record high C = 27.8
| Mar record low C = -4.2
| Apr record high C = 28.9
| Apr record low C = -1.3
| May record high C = 32.8
| May record low C = 3.0
| Jun record high C = 32.3
| Jun record low C = 6.2
| Jul record high C = 31.4
| Jul record low C = 6.9
| Aug record high C = 29.8
| Aug record low C = 6.6
| Sep record high C = 28.7
| Sep record low C = 3.4
| Oct record high C = 26.4
| Oct record low C = -0.7
| Nov record high C = 23.6
| Nov record low C = -4.5
| Dec record high C = 22.8
| Dec record low C = -10.3
| Jan high C = 14.1
| Feb high C = 15.7
| Mar high C = 18.0
| Apr high C = 20.8
| May high C = 23.1
| Jun high C = 24.5
| Jul high C = 23.4
| Aug high C = 23.1
| Sep high C = 21.8
| Oct high C = 20.4
| Nov high C = 17.4
| Dec high C = 14.9
| Jan mean C = 6.7
| Feb mean C = 8.7
| Mar mean C = 11.2
| Apr mean C = 14.2
| May mean C = 17.0
| Jun mean C = 19.1
| Jul mean C = 18.4
| Aug mean C = 17.8
| Sep mean C = 16.3
| Oct mean C = 13.7
| Nov mean C = 9.8
| Dec mean C = 7.0
| Jan low C = 0.6
| Feb low C = 3.1
| Mar low C = 5.9
| Apr low C = 9.0
| May low C = 12.0
| Jun low C = 14.9
| Jul low C = 15.0
| Aug low C = 14.3
| Sep low C = 12.8
| Oct low C = 9.0
| Nov low C = 3.8
| Dec low C = 0.5
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 5.0
| Feb precipitation mm = 5.4
| Mar precipitation mm = 12.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 19.9
| May precipitation mm = 68.8
| Jun precipitation mm = 146.8
| Jul precipitation mm = 253.4
| Aug precipitation mm = 228.7
| Sep precipitation mm = 157.1
| Oct precipitation mm = 56.5
| Nov precipitation mm = 11.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 2.0
| Jan humidity = 44
| Feb humidity = 43
| Mar humidity = 45
| Apr humidity = 49
| May humidity = 58
| Jun humidity = 70
| Jul humidity = 80
| Aug humidity = 82
| Sep humidity = 82
| Oct humidity = 72
| Nov humidity = 60
| Dec humidity = 51
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 2.3
| Feb precipitation days = 3.5
| Mar precipitation days = 5.0
| Apr precipitation days = 7.0
| May precipitation days = 12.3
| Jun precipitation days = 18.3
| Jul precipitation days = 23.6
| Aug precipitation days = 22.5
| Sep precipitation days = 19.8
| Oct precipitation days = 10.7
| Nov precipitation days = 3.2
| Dec precipitation days = 1.1
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan sun = 256.7
| Feb sun = 233.3
| Mar sun = 246.0
| Apr sun = 235.1
| May sun = 212.8
| Jun sun = 159.9
| Jul sun = 119.6
| Aug sun = 134.8
| Sep sun = 125.5
| Oct sun = 192.4
| Nov sun = 236.3
| Dec sun = 259.3
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 78
| Feb percentsun = 73
| Mar percentsun = 66
| Apr percentsun = 61
| May percentsun = 51
| Jun percentsun = 39
| Jul percentsun = 29
| Aug percentsun = 34
| Sep percentsun = 34
| Oct percentsun = 55
| Nov percentsun = 74
| Dec percentsun = 80
| year percentsun = 
| Jan snow days = 1.8
| Feb snow days = 0.9
| Mar snow days = 0.4
| Apr snow days = 0.1
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 0.3
| Dec snow days = 0.3
| year snow days = 
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |access-date=10 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] | access-date =10 April 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>All-time October high<ref>{{cite web|url=https://weibo.com/1920136013/Q7UqAvBFO |script-title=zh:【离谱的气温】今天南方高温继续发展，福建江西浙江站点包揽高温榜前十，上榜门槛提升到了38.2℃，福建建宁39.3℃排名第一。浙江上海安徽四川云南有28站气温打破10月最高气温纪录。杭州福州南昌长沙南京武汉上海共7个省会直辖市，创最晚高温日纪录。杭州南昌武汉上海刷新1951年以来全年高温日数最多纪录。南昌未来7天高温不断，今年高温日数将达到80天，就算兑现5天，高温日数也将达到78天，将创造新的省会首府直辖市全年高温日数纪录——2022年福州74天，已经觉得不可思议，2024年重庆77天，感觉是神迹。结果转眼今年又要见证新纪录诞生。而且福州未来再加5天，也将达到75天，创造当地全年高温日数新纪录。并且南方未来多个城市的高温，也将继续改写最晚高温日纪录。武汉长沙福州报出12日还有高温，杭州和南昌在13日还有高温。而且看最低气温，南昌和杭州报7日晨28℃，也是10月罕见，可能破纪录。总之，异常强的副热带高压，让南方热得一点不像10月，依然像盛夏的7-8月。而北方地区，在冷空气和阴雨影响，气温明显偏低，并创立秋后新低。白天最高气温的偏低程度尤其明显。华北等地，8-9日的白天，冷得也不像10月，更像11月。总之，未来气温就是主打一个离谱，南方热到怀疑人生，北方冷得有些发蒙。|publisher=weatherman_信欣 on [[Weibo]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =6 October 2025 |title=Sina Visitor System }}</ref>extremes<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.roostweather.com/worldclimate/graphs.php?code=CHM00056651
|title= Lijiang Climate: 1991–2020
|publisher=Starlings Roost Weather
|access-date= 7 October 2025
}}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather China<ref name = Clim>{{cite web
| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101291401.shtml?
| script-title=zh:丽江 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 
| publisher = Weather China
| access-date = 26 November 2022}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

== Hydrological ==
The rivers within Lijiang city are divided into two major river basins and three water systems, namely the [[Jinsha River]] system and the [[Yalong River]] system of the Yangtze River basin, and the [[Lancang River]] system of the Lancang-Mekong River basin. Among them, the [[Yangtze|Yangtze River]] basin covers an area of 20,799 square kilometers, accounting for 98% of the total area; the Lancang River basin covers an area of 420 square kilometers, accounting for 2% of the total area. There are a total of 93 second-order and above tributaries of the Jinsha River, Yalong River, and Lancang River within Lijiang city, of which there are 21 rivers with a basin area of more than 200 square kilometers.

In addition to [[Lugu Lake]], there are two larger natural lakes in Lijiang city, [[Chenghai Lake|Chenghai]] and [[Lashihai Wetland|Lashihai]]. Among them, Chenghai is located in Yongsheng County and is one of the three lakes in the world that are rich in natural spirulina. It is also the only lake in China where spirulina can grow naturally. It covers an area of 77.2 square kilometers, with a water storage capacity of 1.987 billion cubic meters, an average water depth of 25.74 meters, and is the fourth largest lake in Yunnan Province.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 4 lakes in Yunnan |url=https://www.chinaexploration.com/TopAttractions/yunnan-attractions/Top-4-lakes-in-Yunnan.html |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=www.chinaexploration.com}}</ref>

[[Lashihai Wetland|Lashihai]] is located in Lashi Town, [[Yulong Naxi Autonomous County|Yulong County]], 8 kilometers away from the urban area of Lijiang. The lake area is oval-shaped with an altitude of 2450 meters, a water depth of 2.5 to 4.5 meters, a water storage area of 241 square kilometers, and a lake surface area of 8.5 square kilometers. In 1998, it became the first highland wetland nature reserve and a migratory bird habitat in Yunnan Province,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lashihai Lake: A Haven for Wildlife and Natural Beauty {{!}} Colorful Yunnan |url=https://www.visityunnanchina.com/attractions/natural-attractions/lashihai-lake-haven-wildlife-and-natural-beauty |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=www.visityunnanchina.com}}</ref> and in 2005, [[List of Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance|it was included in the list of Internationally Important Wetlands]].

== Natural resources ==

=== Land resources ===
By the end of 2022, Lijiang City had a total of 185,745.95 hectares (2,786,189 mu) of arable land. This includes:Paddy fields amounting to 29,283.03 hectares (439,245 mu), accounting for 15.77% of the tota. Irrigated land amounting to 5,857.66 hectares (88,765 mu), accounting for 3.15% of the total. Dry land amounting to 150,605.26 hectares (2,259,079 mu), accounting for 81.08% of the total.

[[Yongsheng County]] and [[Ninglang Yi Autonomous County|Ninglang]] Yi Autonomous County have relatively larger areas of arable land, making up 64.28% of the total arable land in Lijiang City. All the arable land is located in regions with a double cropping system per year and in areas with an annual precipitation of 800-1200 millimeters (inclusive of 800 millimeters).

=== Biological resources ===
Lijiang City is home to a rich diversity of flora and fauna, with more than 13,000 species of animals and plants, making it one of the country's renowned bases for the protection of these species.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kehui |first1=L. I. U. |last2=Guangluan |first2=L. I. |last3=Chunming |first3=L. I. |last4=Keyi |first4=Zhao |last5=Ningning |first5=Zhang |last6=Jieyi |first6=X. U. E. |last7=Yi |first7=L. I. |last8=Fangming |first8=Y. U. |last9=Min |first9=Duan |date=2022-02-18 |title=A Review of Research on Lijiang Ecological Environment Based on Bibliometric and Knowledge Mapping Analysis Over the Past Four Decades |url=https://www.jeesci.com/EN/10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.02.022 |journal=Ecology and Environment |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=409 |doi=10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2022.02.022 |issn=1674-5906}}</ref> It is also one of the key forested areas in Yunnan Province and has been identified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as one of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots in the Hengduan Mountains region of China. Within its borders, there are several national first-class protected wild animals, such as the Yunnan [[golden snub-nosed monkey]], [[clouded leopard]], and [[Musk deer|forest musk deer]], as well as rare species of national first-class protected wild plants, including the [[Taxus wallichiana|Himalayan yew]], high-altitude [[Alisma|water plantain]], and Yulong [[fern]]. The forest coverage rate in Lijiang City is 72.14%, which makes it one of the key areas for the protection of natural forests in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local |url=https://news.cop15-china.com.cn/api-content/cms/channelroomen/5708 |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=news.cop15-china.com.cn}}</ref>

Lijiang City has recorded a variety of animal species, including:[[Mammal]]s: 112 species across 8 orders, 21 families. [[Bird]]s: 446 species across 17 orders, 46 families. [[Amphibian]]s and [[reptile]]s: 51 species across 3 orders, 14 families, and 35 genera. Fish: Over 70 species across 5 orders, 15 families. In terms of [[vascular plant]]s, there are 4,163 species (subspecies), belonging to 224 families and 1,120 genera. The number of seed plants is over 3,200 species across 145 families and 758 genera, with more than 2,000 species of medicinal materials. There are 2,266 species that are endemic to China and 617 species endemic to Yunnan Province.

Yulong Snow Mountain within the city's boundaries is a world-renowned site for plant specimen typification. There are also over a hundred new species and varieties of plants named after Lijiang's landscapes and place names on the international stage. As a result, Lijiang City has been dubbed the "Kingdom of Alpine Plants" and the "Hometown of Medicinal Herbs."<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Qian |first1=Li-Shen |last2=Chen |first2=Jia-Hui |last3=Deng |first3=Tao |last4=Sun |first4=Hang |date=2020-08-01 |title=Plant diversity in Yunnan: Current status and future directions |journal=Plant Diversity |series=Safeguarding Our Future by Protecting Biodiversity |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=281–291 |doi=10.1016/j.pld.2020.07.006 |pmid=33094199 |issn=2468-2659|pmc=7567762 |bibcode=2020PlDiv..42..281Q }}</ref>

== Administrative divisions ==
The government of Lijiang City sits in Gucheng District.

Lijiang City comprises one [[District (PRC)|district]] and four [[County (People's Republic of China)|counties]]:

{| class="wikitable"  style="font-size:90%; width:50%; margin:auto;"
|-
! colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| Map
|-
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| <div style="position: relative" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Lijiang.png|width=510|link=}} 
{{Image label|x=720|y=970|scale=510/1820|text=[[Gucheng District|'''Gucheng''']]}}
{{Image label|x=270|y=1060|scale=510/1820|text=[[Yulong Nakhi Autonomous County|'''Yulong<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1090|y=1360|scale=510/1820|text=[[Yongsheng County|'''Yongsheng<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1520|y=1220|scale=510/1820|text=[[Huaping County|'''Huaping<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1120|y=620|scale=510/1820|text=[[Ninglang Yi Autonomous County|'''Ninglang<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|-
! #
! style="width:150px;"| Name
! style="width:80px;"| [[Hanzi]]
! style="width:100px;"| [[Hanyu Pinyin]]
! Population (2010)
! Area (km<sup>2</sup>)
! Density (/km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
|1
|[[Gucheng District]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|古城区}}
|{{transliteration|zh|Gǔchéng Qū}}
|211,151
|1,127
|187
|-
|2
|[[Yongsheng County]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|永胜县}}
|{{transliteration|zh|Yǒngshèng Xiàn}}
|392,024
|5,099
|77
|-
|3
|[[Huaping County]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|华坪县}}
|{{transliteration|zh|Huápíng Xiàn}}
|168,028
|2,266
|74
|-
|4
|[[Yulong Nakhi Autonomous County]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|玉龙纳西族自治县}}
|{{transliteration|zh|Yùlóng Nàxīzú Zìzhìxiàn}}
|214,697
|6,521
|33
|-
|5
|[[Ninglang Yi Autonomous County]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|宁蒗彝族自治县}}
|{{transliteration|zh|Nínglàng Yízú Zìzhìxiàn}}
|258,869
|6,206
|42
|}

== Demography ==
Lijiang is a multi-ethnic settlement. The [[Naxi people|Naxi]], originally from northwestern China and having a [[Tibeto-Burman]] language with pictographic characters of their own, are mainly distributed in Lijiang, with a population of about 230,000 (including [[Mosuo]], which is different from most Naxi people; they belong to a matrilineal clan, and the locals call it [[walking marriage]]). There are also [[Yi people|Yi]], [[Lisu people|Lisu]], Hua Lisu and other nationalities. Lijiang has the only [[Naxi people|Naxi]] autonomous county in China.

The residents in the county are mainly Naxi, and there are also [[Bai people|Bai]], [[Yi people|Yi]], [[Lisu people|Lisu]], [[Pumi people|Pumi]] and other minorities. Among them, the [[Dongba]] of the Naxi nationality is known as the only "living [[Hieroglyphs|pictograph]]" in the world that has been preserved intact. Among the resident population in 2010, the [[Han people|Han]] population was 537,893, accounting for 43.21% of the total population; the [[ethnic minorities]] population was 706,876, accounting for 56.79% of the total population.

{{Clear}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; font-size:smaller; text-align:right"
|+ '''Ethnic Composition of Lijiang City (November 2010)'''<ref>{{cite book |author=Yunnan Provincial Census Office, Yunnan Provincial Bureau of Statistics|title="Yunnan Provincial Census Data in 2010"|date=September 2012 |publisher=China Statistics Press |isbn=978-7-5037-6548-3}}</ref>
|-
!National name
! width="55" | [[Han people|Han]] !! width="55" | [[Yi people|Yi]] !! width="55" | [[Naxi people|Naxi]] !! width="55" | [[Lisu people|Lisu]] !! width="55" | [[Bai people|Bai]] !! width="55" | [[Pumi people|Pumi]] !! width="55" | [[Dai people|Dai]] !! width="55" | [[Miao people|Miao]] !! width="55" | [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]] !! width="55" | [[Hui]] !! width="55" | Others
|-
! Population
|| 537893 || 243400 || 240580 || 115730 || 52071 || 20400 || 11236 || 6884 || 5199 || 4615 || 6761
|-
! Proportion of total population (%)
| 43.21 || 19.55 || 19.33 || 9.30 || 4.18 || 1.64 || 0.90 || 0.55 || 0.42 || 0.37 || 0.54
|-
! Proportion of minority population (%)
| --- || 34.43 || 34.03 || 16.37 || 7.37 || 2.89 || 1.59 || 0.97 || 0.74 || 0.65 || 0.96
|}

== Local culture ==
{{cleanup|reason=Unintelligible text, appears to have all been machine translated.|date=October 2018}}

=== Minority ethnic culture ===
*[[Naxi people|Naxi]]
The Naxi language belongs to the Tibetan-Burmese language branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. It is roughly divided into two dialects by the Jinsha River, which have diverged to the point of mutual unintelligibility. The standard language of the Naxi language is based on the western dialect of Naxi language, and the voice of Dayan Town of Lijiang City is the standard sound. In the long history of the Naxi people, there have been [[Naxi Dongba|Dongbawen]] and [[Naxi Geba|Gobawen]] characters, "Dongbawen" being a hieroglyph created by the Naxi people before the Tang Dynasty. It consists of pictographic symbols, phonetic symbols and additional symbols. It is the only living hieroglyph script in the world. The Naxi people generally live in dam areas, river valleys and half-mountain areas. The private housing in the dam area is mostly a tiled house with civil structures. The pattern is mostly "three rooms and one wall", and the mountainous areas are mostly low wooden raft houses, which are covered with wooden boards. The Naxi people love singing and dancing, and there are often mass songs and dances in production labor and national festivals. The "Three Festivals" at the beginning of the lunar calendar in early February is the most traditional festival of the people of Lijiang Naxi.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://ljzy.chinacourt.gov.cn/article/detail/2005/12/id/3076512.shtml|script-title=zh:丽江少数民族-云南省丽江市中级人民法院|website=ljzy.chinacourt.gov.cn|access-date=May 22, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

*Mosuo
[[Mosuo]] generally live in the mountains and waters, in wooden structures. The traditional festivals of the Mosuo people include the Spring Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Chaoshan Festival, the Ancestor Festival, the Sacrifice God Festival, and the Land Festival. Among them, the Spring Festival and the Chaoshan Festival are the most solemn.<ref name="auto"/>

*[[Yi people|Yi]]
The Yi people have a long history, and their ancestors are "Kunming" people who have a relationship with them. They were called "Wu Man" in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Yi people have their own language and words. The language belongs to the Tibetan-Burmese language branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. There are six dialects. The Xiaoliangshan Yi people belong to the northern dialect Shizha. Originally an ancient ideogram, some people think it is a pictographic syllable. In the history of the Yi people, they wrote historical, literary, astronomical and medical books, religious classics and so on. Most of the Yi villages are surrounded by mountains and waters, and the environment is beautiful. Generally, there are two or 30 households, and three or five households or single households are rare. The people living in Xiaoliangshan are generally low in order to avoid the cold of the mountains. Mostly, it is a timber frame with a multi-column landing structure. The four walls are made of wood or fenced with bamboo and wood. There are many festivals for the Yi people, such as the Lunar Festival, the 15th Festival, the February 8th, and the March 3rd Festival, especially the Torch Festival.<ref name="auto"/>

*[[Lisu people|Lisu]]
The Lisu language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family. The Lisu people live in a high-slope area. Due to the influence of the terrain and habits, there are no villages that live in dozens of houses. Generally, there are dozens of households on two or three hills as a village. The villages are far apart, and the houses are mainly wooden rafts. The Lisu people have oral songs and long poems, as well as many myths and legends. Every December, the people of Huaping and other places will hold a grand ceremony to celebrate the "Wide Season" (New Year's Day). There are also the Dragon Boat Festival "Hangshan Festival" and Lixia "Holy Water Festival" in Lijiang Dawn Township.<ref name="auto"/>

*[[Pumi people|Pumi]]
The language of the Pumi people belongs to the Yi language branch of the Tibetan-Burmese language group of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The local dialects have little difference and generally can talk to each other. There are no words in the Pumi people. The Pumi people in [[Ninglang]] and [[Muli Tibetan Autonomous County|Muli]] used to spell the Pumi language in Tibetan language to record historical legends and songs, but they are not popular and are now widely used in Chinese. The Pumi people live in a multi-clan, mostly on the mountainside, and the houses are mostly the layout of the wooden courtyard. The Pumi people have their own unique culture and art. Among them, the myths, legends and stories are the most numerous. The Pumi people can sing and dance. In the event of a wedding or funeral festival, a "song to the song" competition is held. Pumi men also like sports such as shooting, archery, wrestling, and martial arts. The most popular national traditional festival of the Pumi is the "Ohwa Festival" (the New Year) on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In addition, there is the "Turning Sea Festival" on the 15th of the first month, and the "Taste of the New Festival" in the spring and autumn harvest season.<ref name="auto"/>

=== Cuisine ===
*Salad of Jidou Pea Jelly ({{lang|zh-Hans|鸡豆凉粉}})
Salad of Jidou pea jelly is a traditional food that Naxi loves. It is produced in Lijiangba and belongs to the yellow bean family. Because it is shaped like a chicken head, it is called chicken pea powder. The beans are milled into vermicelli, the color is gray-green, fried, the salad is very tasty, and the fragrance is delicious. It is a dish on the Naxi table.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://travel.sina.com.cn/domestic/pages/2017-07-13/detail-ifyiakur8797247.shtml|script-title=zh:丽江不可错过的十大特色小吃_新浪旅游_新浪网|date=Jul 13, 2017|website=travel.sina.com.cn|access-date=May 22, 2019}}</ref>

*Lijiang Baba ({{lang|zh-Hans|丽江粑粑}})
Lijiang Baba is the local fine wheat noodles, plus ham, chemical oil, sugar and other condiments, and mix thoroughly to form a layer. Eat a golden crisp, sweet and delicious, oily but not greasy.<ref name="auto1"/>

*Naxi Barbecue ({{lang|zh-Hans|纳西烧烤}})
Naxi barbecue is a traditional carbace dish popular on Lijiang Tea Horse Road. The main ingredient is pork belly. The skin is golden and crisp, fat but not greasy, thin and not firewood, and the taste is crisp.<ref name="auto1"/>

*Crossing-the-Bridge Noodles ({{lang|zh-Hans|过桥米线}})
Crossing-the-Bridge Noodles is a rice noodle soup from Yunnan province, it has over 100 years of history. The dish is served with a large bowl of boiling hot broth and the soup ingredients. The soup is made with chicken, pork bone and seasoning, such as Chinese star anise and ginger. Also, using a layer of chicken fat to insulate the soup and therefore keep it warm for longer.<ref name="auto1"/>

*Erkuai ({{lang|zh-Hans|饵块}})
Erkuai is a type of rice cake, the name literally means "ear piece," a reference to the shape of one of its common forms. It is often served stir-fried with vegetables, and málà sauce, which is a mixture of dried red chilis, Sichuan pepper, and salt.<ref name="auto1"/>

* Lijiang Cured Pork Ribs Hotpot（丽江腊排骨火锅）

Cook the air-dried cured pork ribs with vegetables, creating a rich broth with a unique smoky aroma.

* Highland barley wine（青稞酒）

A traditional drink of the Naxi people, brewed from highland barley, with a low alcohol content and a refreshing taste.

==Transportation==
[[File:Lijiang Sanyi Airport 2016 5.jpg|thumb|[[Lijiang Sanyi Airport]]]]
[[File:Lijiang Railway Station, Yunnan.jpg|thumb|[[Lijiang railway station]]]]

===Airport===
*[[Lijiang Sanyi International Airport]] (LJG): Lijiang Airport is located in the south of Lijiang city, {{convert|28|km|abbr=on}} away from downtown. There is an airport shuttle bus service in downtown Lijiang. The airport was opened in July 1995 and has flights to [[Kunming]], [[Chengdu]], [[Xishuangbanna]], [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Wuhan]], [[Shenzhen]], Xiamen via Chongqing and [[Guiyang]]. It also offers chartered airplane service. There are flights from Kunming to Lijiang every day and is about 30 minutes flight time.

===Road===
*[[G5611 Dali–Lijiang Expressway]]
* There are bus services to, amongst others, [[Kunming]] (8 hrs), [[Dali City, Yunnan|Dali]] (3 hrs), the [[Tiger Leaping Gorge]] and [[Shangri-La County|Shangri-La]].
* Lijiang has several [[Yangtze River bridges and tunnels|bridges over the Jinsha River]], including the Jinlong Bridge, built in 1936, the oldest over the Yangtze.

===Railway===
[[Lijiang railway station]] is currently the terminus of the [[Dali–Lijiang railway]], which heads south. The [[Lijiang–Shangri-La railway]], currently under construction, will extend this line north to [[Shangri-La, Yunnan|Shangri-La]].
* There is a train service to Kunming with one overnight and two day trains, and one day train to Dali.
* As of early 2019, a high speed train linking Lijiang to Kunming was introduced. Three pairs of high speed trains are operated between [[Lijiang railway station]] and [[Kunming railway station]] / [[Kunming South railway station]]. It takes around 3–3.5 hours and the ticket fare is CNY 197–220 for a second class seat. 
* There are over 5 pairs of conventional speed trains running between Lijiang and Kunming. The distance is about {{convert|517|km|abbr=on}}, requiring 8.5 – 9.5 hours for a one-way trip. A hard sleeper costs CNY 186.5.
* The [[Lijiang–Shangri-La railway]] from Lijiang to [[Shangri-La, Yunnan|Shangri-La]] was opened in November 2023.

===Tram===
*Line 1 of Lijiang Tram started construction in October 2019.<ref name="The Paper Lijiang Tram construction">{{cite web|script-title=zh:沿途设5座车站、最高时速70公里...丽江有轨电车开建！|date=2019-10-31|url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_4818625 |work=[[:zh:澎湃新闻|The Paper]]}}</ref>

== Major tourist attractions ==
=== Old Town of Lijiang ===
[[File:Old Town of Lijiang (21183527932).jpg|thumb|Old Town by night]]

[[Old Town of Lijiang]] is a national historical and cultural city. It was built in the late Song dynasty (late 13th century AD). It is located in the middle of Lijiang Dam. It is the most preserved and most Naxi-style ancient town in China. It is located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. At an altitude of 2,416 meters, the city covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers. In December 1997, it was included in the "World Cultural Heritage" list by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201806/17322.shtml|script-title=zh:6月 我爱的丽江古城 每一个触目能及的地方都盛放着三角梅_旅游景点_丽江旅游_丽江网|website=www.lijiang.cn|access-date=May 22, 2019|archive-date=October 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030191531/http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201806/17322.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Lugu Lake ===
[[Lugu Lake]] is 2,680 meters above sea level, with an area of more than 50 square kilometers. The average lake depth is 45 meters and the deepest is 93 meters. The lake is clear and blue, with a visibility of 12–14 meters. It is one of the deepest freshwater lakes in China.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201806/17652.shtml|script-title=zh:泸沽湖啊，我想与你谈一场恋爱~_旅游景点_丽江旅游_丽江网|website=www.lijiang.cn|access-date=May 22, 2019|archive-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706161911/http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201806/17652.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Jade Dragon Snow Mountain ===
[[File:Lijiang roof tops.jpg|thumb|Jade Dragon Snow Mountain towering above roofs of the old town]]
[[Jade Dragon Snow Mountain]] is located between 100°4′2"-100°16'30" east longitude and 27°3'2"-27°18'57" north latitude. The scenic area is 415 square kilometers. The main peak fan is 5,596 meters above sea level. It has snow all year round and develops the temperate maritime glaciers closest to the equator in the Eurasian continent. Jade Dragon Snow Mountain is called "Oulu" in Naxi, meaning silvery mountain rock. Its silver-packed, 13 snow peaks are endless, just like a "dragon" flying over the clouds, it is called "Jade Dragon." Because its lithology is mainly limestone and basalt, it is black and white, so it is also called "black and white snow mountain". She is the mountain of the hearts of the Naxi people. It is said that the Naxi people protect the gods of the "three more" incarnation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.52yulong.com/TouristAttractions/1723.htm |script-title=zh:玉龙雪山 |website=52yulong.com |access-date=2018-07-06 |archive-date=2024-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513054659/http://www.52yulong.com/TouristAttractions/1723.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Laojun Mountain ===
[[Mount Laojun (Yunnan)|Laojun Mountain]] is a combination of the three national-level scenic spots in the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, the Three Rivers Concurrent, and the Cangshan Erhai Lake. It is an important part of the Yulong Snow Mountain Scenic Area. This scenic spot is mainly composed of Laojunshan Jiujiu Longtan, Jinsi Factory Jinshan Yuhu, Dawn Meile Danxia Landform, New Main Natural Alpine Botanical Garden and other areas (attractions), with a total area of 715 square kilometers, which is under planning and development. Ecotourism resort. It echoes with the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain and forms the east and west wings of Lijiang's tourism resources.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201705/9891.shtml|script-title=zh:世界自然遗产丽江老君山：重山叠岭气势恢宏_旅游景点_丽江旅游_丽江网|website=www.lijiang.cn|access-date=May 22, 2019|archive-date=October 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020050418/http://www.lijiang.cn/ljtour/lyjd/201705/9891.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Nearby==
Some 35 kilometers north of Lijiang is the [[Baishuitai|Baishui Terrace]], an area where spring water flows over a sinter terrace, leaving behind [[travertine]].

Fifteen kilometers north of Lijiang is the village of Baisha, famous for the Baisha Fresco and the Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute. The Fresco was built in the Ming dynasty 600 years ago, the Naxi Hand-made Embroidery Institute was built 800 years ago, it is the headquarters of the Naxi embroideries and also, a school for the Naxi embroiderers. There are many Naxi embroidery masters, teachers, students and local farmers there. Their embroidery arts can be found there.

==Education==
Lijiang Teachers College ({{lang-zh|first=s|s=丽江师范高等专科学校|p=Lìjiāng Shīfàn Gāoděng Zhuānkēxuéxiào|labels=no}}) and Lijiang Culture and Tourism College ({{lang-zh|first=s|s=丽江文化旅游学院|p=Lìjiāng Wénhuà Lǚyóu Xuéyuàn|labels=no}}) are located in Lijiang.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lj-edu.cn/|title=Home|publisher=Lijiang Teachers College|access-date=2022-04-22|quote=校址：云南省丽江市古城新团片区 邮编：674199 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lywhxy.com/|title=Home|publisher=Lijiang Culture and Tourism College|access-date=2022-04-22|quote=学院地址：云南省丽江市古城区玉泉路1号 邮编：674199|archive-date=2020-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115004420/http://www.lywhxy.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The latter was a branch of [[Yunnan University]] (YNU).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lywhxy.com/about/|title=学院简介|publisher=Lijiang Culture and Tourism College|access-date=2022-04-22|quote=丽江文化旅游学院（原云南大学旅游文化学院）[...]|archive-date=2023-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920071828/http://www.lywhxy.com/about/|url-status=dead}}</ref> At one point the teacher's college merged into YNU.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ynu.edu.cn/web1/ynu80/english/introduction/historicperspectives.htm |title=Historic Perspectives |publisher=[[Yunnan University]] |date=2004-06-23 |access-date=2022-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040623192814/http://www.ynu.edu.cn/web1/ynu80/english/introduction/historicperspectives.htm |archive-date=23 June 2004 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Sister cities==

* {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kazan]], [[Tatarstan]], Russia<ref>[http://www.euroasia-uclg.ru/files/program-lijiang_eng.doc Successful use of heritage is the pledge of prosperous future of Euro-Asia Cities] (DOC file). II International Conference of World Heritage Cities of Euro-Asia. Lijiang. 15–18 October 2006 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226025419/http://www.euroasia-uclg.ru/files/program-lijiang_eng.doc |date=February 26, 2009 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|US}} [[Roanoke, Virginia|Roanoke]], [[Virginia]], United States
* {{flagicon|CAN}} [[New Westminster, British Columbia|New Westminster]], [[British Columbia]], Canada
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Takayama, Gifu]], Japan {{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Shepparton, Victoria]], Australia
* {{flagicon|NZL}} [[Whanganui]], New Zealand
* {{flagicon|KHM}} [[Preah Vihear Province]], Cambodia<ref>{{cite web |url=http://yndaily.yunnan.cn/html/2018-05/10/content_1217670.htm?div=-1 |script-title=zh:丽江市与柬埔寨柏威夏省缔结为国际友好城市 |trans-title=Lijiang establish international friendly city with Preah Vihear Province of Cambodia |author=刘蓉 |date=2012-05-01 |website=yndaily.yunnan.cn |publisher=Yunnan Daily Newspaper |access-date=2018-05-14 }}</ref>

==See also==
* ''[[Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles]]'': a film by [[Zhang Yimou]] which takes place in the Lijiang area
* ''[[Resort town]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|Lijiang_City.ogg|date=2007-01-15}}
{{Commons category|Lijiang}}
*[http://www.lijiang.gov.cn/ Lijiang City Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080929145304/http://www.lijiang.gov.cn/ |date=2008-09-29 }}
*{{Wikivoyage inline|Lijiang}}
*[https://wayofchina.com/cities-and-travel/old-town-lijiang-overview/ Lijiang Overview and Travel Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224114254/https://wayofchina.com/cities-and-travel/old-town-lijiang-overview/ |date=2018-02-24 }}

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