View source for Lipetsk Oblast

{{short description|First-level administrative division of Russia}}
{{Infobox Russian federal subject
|en_name=Lipetsk Oblast
|ru_name=Липецкая область
|image_map=Map of Russia (2014–2022) - Lipetsk Oblast.svg
|coordinates = {{coord|52|42|N|39|09|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}}
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Lipetsk oblast.svg
|image_flag=Flag of Lipetsk Oblast.svg
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|political_status=Oblast
|political_status_link=Oblasts of Russia
|federal_district=[[Central Federal District|Central]]
|economic_region=[[Central Black Earth economic region|Central Black Earth]]
|adm_ctr_type=Administrative center
|adm_ctr_name=[[Lipetsk]]
|adm_ctr_ref=<ref name="AdmCtr">Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article&nbsp;13</ref>
|pop_2021census=1143224
|pop_2021census_rank=43rd
|urban_pop_2021census=63.1%
|rural_pop_2021census=36.9%
|pop_2021census_ref=<ref name=2021census>{{cite web|title=Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref>
|pop_latest=1159866
|pop_latest_date=January 2014
|pop_latest_ref=<ref name="2014Est">Lipetsk Oblast Territorial Branch of the [[Russian Federal State Statistics Service|Federal State Statistics Service]]. [http://lipstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/lipstat/resources/d487c2004c58872cb8a2bd4fa2e024d5/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC_+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.htm Оценка численности городского и сельского населения по городским округам и муниципальным районам] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115536/http://lipstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/lipstat/resources/d487c2004c58872cb8a2bd4fa2e024d5/%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC_+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.htm |date=March 4, 2016 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|area_km2=24047
|area_km2_rank=71st
|established_date=January&nbsp;6, 1954
|established_date_ref=<ref name="DateEstablished" />
|license_plates=48
|ISO=RU-LIP
|leader_title=[[Head of Administration of Lipetsk Oblast|Head]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadTitle">Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article&nbsp;40</ref>
|leader_name=[[Igor Artamonov]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadName">Official website of the Administration of Lipetsk Oblast. [http://admlip.ru/authorities/glava-administratsii-lipetskoy-oblasti/ Oleg Petrovich Korolyov, Head of the Administration of Lipetsk Oblast] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|legislature=[[Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies|Oblast Council of Deputies]]
|legislature_ref=<ref name="Legis">Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article&nbsp;25</ref>
|website=http://admlip.ru/
}}
'''Lipetsk Oblast''' ({{langx|ru|Липецкая область|Lipetskaya oblastʹ}}) is a [[federal subjects of Russia|federal subject]] of [[Russia]] (an [[oblast]]).<ref name="DateEstablished" /> Its [[administrative center]] is the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] of [[Lipetsk]]. As of the [[Russian Census (2021)|2021 Census]], its population was&nbsp;1,143,224.<ref name="2021Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2021Census}}</ref>

==Geography==
Lipetsk Oblast borders with [[Ryazan Oblast]] (NE), [[Tambov Oblast]] (E), [[Voronezh Oblast]] (S), [[Kursk Oblast]] (SW), [[Oryol Oblast]] (W), and [[Tula Oblast]] (NW).

==History==
According to archaeologists and historians, the territory of the modern Lipetsk Oblast has been inhabited since ancient times. Even before the arrival of the Mongol-Tatar troops, the area had the following settlements:  Yelets, Dobrinsk (presumed to be the village of Dobroye) Dubok (presumed to be the village Dubki) ([[Dankovsky District]]), Staroye Gorodische (presumably Bogorodskoye of the Dankovsky district) Vorgol (destroyed), Onuza (destroyed), Voronozh (destroyed), Lipets (destroyed) and others. During the [[Mongol invasion of Rus']], many fortified cities were destroyed.

At the beginning of the period belonged to the disintegration of the [[Principality of Chernigov]]. After 1202, after the fall of Chernigov, Prince [[Igor Svyatoslavich]] [[Yelets]] arose, Lipetsk and Vorgolskoe fiefdoms. Taking advantage of the weakness of the Principality of Chernigov, Ryazan princes seized all the lands of the upper Don, Voronezh River and annexed them. The newly acquired territories in the south of the Ryazan principality subsequently used the name "Ryazan Ukraine."

The revival of the territory began after the expulsion of the nomads. In a relatively short period of time (end of the 16th and early 17th centuries) were built fortified city: Duncan Talitskii jail, Eletskaya fortress Lebedian. In 1635, construction began on a strong fortified line - Belgorod defense line, which in the Lipetsk region within a modern fortress stood out: Good, Sokolsk and Usman.

Near the plants have populations of workers. One of these settlements was working Lipetsk settlement that gave rise to the city of Lipetsk.

At this time, because of the creation of the Navy and the regular army increased the need for flax, [[hemp]] and [[wool]]. So begins to actively develop agriculture.

The 18th century saw the continued growth of large land estates. Lipetsk region, with its rich black earth, was the breadbasket of the Russian state. Subsequently, it became widely known as a resort town, mainly because of its mineral waters.

During the [[February Revolution]], the [[October Revolution]] of 1917 and the [[Russian Civil War]], the lives of many cultural values, private collections of art and literature, but because of the ensuing repression against the church and the "bourgeois past" seriously affected the architectural ensembles of the estates of the nobility, monasteries and churches.

The modern oblast was formed by the [[decree]] of the [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR]] on January&nbsp;6, 1954 from parts of [[Voronezh Oblast|Voronezh]], [[Ryazan Oblast|Ryazan]], [[Tambov Oblast|Tambov]], [[Tula Oblast|Tula]] and [[Oryol Oblast]]s.<ref name="DateEstablished">Decree of January&nbsp;6, 1954</ref>

==Politics==
[[File:Администрация.JPG|thumb|Seat of the government of Lipetsk Oblast]]
{{see also|List of Governors of Lipetsk Oblast}}

During the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Lipetsk CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected [[Regional parliaments of Russia|regional parliament]].

The Charter of Lipetsk Oblast is the fundamental law of the region. The current charter was adopted on 27 March, 2003. The [[Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies]] is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Council of Deputies consists of 56 deputies elected for a five-year term by the Oblast's inhabitants and exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The current head of the Council of Deputies is [[:ru:Путилин, Павел Иванович|Pavel Putilin]].

The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the [[Governor of Lipetsk Oblast|Governor]] who is the highest official, who is elected by the Oblast's inhabitants for a five year term and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with the [[Constitution of Russia]].

Since 2019, the Governor is [[Igor Artamonov]].

Representatives of the Lipetsk Oblast in the [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]] of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation are:
*[[Maksim Kavdzharadze]] — a representative of the legislative (representative) body of state power of the Lipetsk Oblast;
*[[:ru:Хлякина, Оксана Владимировна|Oksana Khlyakina]] — representative from the executive body of state power of the Lipetsk Oblast.

Representatives of the Lipetsk Oblast in the [[State Duma]] of the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly]] of the Russian Federation are:
* [[Nikolay Bortsov]] ([[United Russia]]);
* [[Mikhail Tarasenko]] ([[United Russia]]);
* Darya Lukina ([[United Russia]]);
* [[:ru:Гулевский, Михаил Владимирович|Mikhail Gulevsky]] ([[United Russia]]).

==Economy==
The most important industrial branches are the [[iron]] processing and the mechanical [[engineering]].  The most industrialized cities are [[Lipetsk]], the administrative center, and [[Yelets]]. The region's fuel and energy complex is represented by petroleum product marketing companies, a network of consumer gas pipelines, and a power grid.

The largest companies in the region include [[NLMK]] (revenues of ${{to USD|411.8|RUS|year=2017}} billion in 2017), [[Cherkizovo]] Pig Farming (${{to USD|24600|RUS|year=2017}} million), [[JSC Progress]] (baby food manufacturer$, {{to USD|20300|RUS|year=2017}} million), and the local branch of [[Indesit]] (${{to USD|20000|RUS|year=2017}} million).<ref name="regioncompanies">{{cite web |script-title=ru:Выписки ЕГРЮЛ и ЕГРИП, проверка контрагентов, ИНН и КПП организаций, реквизиты ИП и ООО |url=https://sbis.ru/contragents?p=companies |website=СБИС |access-date=20 October 2018 |language=ru}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
Crop cultivation and horticulture form the basis of the region's agriculture. Livestock farming specializes in [[cattle]], [[pig]]s, [[goat]]s, [[sheep]], and [[poultry]]. The processing industry is also well developed.

==Administrative divisions==
{{Main|Administrative divisions of Lipetsk Oblast}}

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations|7=1959|8=1141567|9=1970|10=1224344|11=1979|12=1224653|13=1989|14=1230220|15=2002|16=1213499|17=2010|18=1173513|19=2021|20=1143224|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}Population: {{ru-census|p2021=1,143,224|p2010=1,173,513|p2002=1,213,499|p1989=1,230,220}}

'''Vital statistics for 2024:<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2025 |title=Естественное движение населения в разрезе субъектов российской федерации за декабрь 2024 года |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/EDN_12-2024.htm |access-date=25 February 2025 |website=Rosstat}}</ref>'''
*Births: 7,402 (6.7 per 1,000)
*Deaths: 16,247 (14.6 per 1,000)

'''Total fertility rate (2024):<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-25 |title=Рейтинг рождаемости в регионах: кто в лидерах, а кто в аутсайдерах {{!}} Москва |url=https://fedpress.ru/article/3365231 |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=ФедералПресс |language=ru-RU}}</ref>'''<br />
1.18 children per woman

'''Life expectancy (2021):'''<ref name="rosstat">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 |title=Демографический ежегодник России |publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service of Russia]] (Rosstat) |access-date=2022-06-01 |language=ru |trans-title=The Demographic Yearbook of Russia}}</ref>  <br />
Total — 68.58 years (male&nbsp;— 63.89, female&nbsp;— 73.30)

'''Ethnic composition (2010):'''<ref name="2010Census" />
*[[Russians]]: 96.3%
*[[Ukrainians]]: 0.9%
*[[Armenians]]: 0.6%
*[[Azerbaijani people|Azerbaijanis]]: 0.3%
*Others: 1.9%
*45,268 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perepis-2010.ru/news/detail.php?ID=6936|title=ВПН-2010|website=www.perepis-2010.ru|access-date=April 5, 2018}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Lipetsk Oblast as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas">[http://sreda.org/en/arena "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia"]. Sreda, 2012.</ref><ref name="2012Arena-religion-maps">[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].</ref>
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]]|DarkOrchid|71.3}}
{{Bar percent|[[Protestantism in Russia|Protestantism]]|Navy|0.6}}
{{Bar percent|Other [[Christianity in Russia|Christians]]|DeepSkyBlue|3.4}}
{{Bar percent|[[Islam in Russia|Islam]]|Green|1.2}}
{{Bar percent|[[Rodnovery]] and other native faiths|Red|0.6}}
{{Bar percent|[[Spiritual but not religious]]|DarkSlateGray|14.5}}
{{Bar percent|[[Atheism]] and [[irreligion]]|Black|5.6}}
{{Bar percent|Other and undeclared|Gray|2.8}}
}}

According to a 2012 survey<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/> 71.3% of the population of Lipetsk Oblast adheres to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]], 3% are [[nondenominational Christianity|unaffiliated]] generic [[Christians]], 1% are [[Muslim]]s, and 1% of the population adheres to the [[Slavic native faith]] (Rodnovery) movement. In addition, 15% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 6% is [[atheism|atheist]], and 2.7% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/>
{{clear}}

==Attractions==
[[File:First Shukhov Tower Nizhny Novgorod 1896.jpg|thumb|The world's first [[hyperboloid structure]] by [[Vladimir Shukhov]]]]

The world's first [[hyperboloid structure]]—[[Shukhov Tower in Polibino|a steel open-work lattice tower]]—is located in [[Polibino, Dankovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast|Polibino]], [[Dankovsky District]] of Lipetsk Oblast. The hyperboloid tower was built and patented in 1896 by the famous Russian engineer and scientist [[Vladimir Shukhov]]. The [[hyperboloid structure]]s were subsequently built by other architects, such as [[Antoni Gaudí]], [[Le Corbusier]], and [[Oscar Niemeyer]].

==References==
{{Commons category}}

===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{RussiaBasicLawRef|lip}}
*{{Cite Soviet law
|ru_entity=Президиум Верховного Совета СССР
|ru_type=Указ
|ru_date=6 января 1954 г.
|ru_title=Об образовании в составе РСФСР Липецкой области
|ru_url=
|en_entity=[[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet|Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR]]
|en_type=Decree
|en_date=January&nbsp;6, 1954
|en_title=On Establishing Lipetsk Oblast Within the RSFSR
}}

{{Subdivisions of Russia}}
{{Lipetsk Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2014}}

[[Category:Lipetsk Oblast| ]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1954]]
[[Category:Oblasts of Russia]]