View source for List of battles before 301

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{{More citations needed|date=November 2023}}
{{Lists of battles}}

==Before 500 BC==
{{Hatnote|Note: Many ancient battles are implied by the records of the campaigns in which they occurred. For a list of known conflicts that includes those without described battles, see [[List of wars: before 1000]].}}
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{circa}} 11,600 BC || [[Jebel Sahaba]] || [[Qadan culture]] groups battle and raid against each others for resources in Jebel sabaha area South of what is now [[Egypt]] and north of [[Sudan]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3" | {{circa}} 5000&nbsp;BC
| [[Talheim Death Pit|Attack on Talheim]]
| Local forces defeated by attackers in modern-day [[Germany]].
|-
| [[Massacre of Schletz]]
| More than 200 [[Neolithic]] people were killed by blunt force around the same time as the massacre at Talheim, before being dumped in a mass grave on the site of present-day Schletz, [[Austria]].
|-
| [[:de:Massaker von Kilianstädten|Massacre of Kilianstädten]]
| Around the same time as the massacre at Talheim, at least 26 Neolithic people were killed by blunt force and arrow wounds. Their bodies were buried in a mass grave at [[:de:Kilianstädten|Kilianstädten]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{circa}} 3320 BC || [[Scorpion I#Battle depiction|Battle of Naqada]] || King [[Scorpion I]] of [[Thinis]] defeats and kills King [[Bull (pharaoh)|Bull]] of [[Naqada]], uniting [[Upper Egypt]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{circa}} 3200 BC || [[Naqada III#Northern expansion|Invasion of Maadi]]  || Naqada attacked the [[Maadi-Buto culture]] and invaded [[Maadi]], Maadian culture were vacated giving way to the [[Naqada III]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{circa}} 3100 BC || [[Narmer Palette|Unification Battle of Egypt]] "Narmer Palette Battle" ||	King [[Narmer]] of [[Upper Egypt]] defeats [[Lower Egypt]] in battle and founds the Old Kingdom of Egypt.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{circa}} 2600 BC || [[Gilgamesh and Aga|Siege of Uruk]]|| [[Uruk]] led by their King [[Gilgamesh]] and their General [[Enkidu]], repel a siege by [[Aga of Kish|Aga]] of [[Kish (Sumer)|Kish]] and his allies from [[Isin]] and [[Nippur]], capturing the Kings of Isin and Nippur.<ref>Sherman ''Storytelling: An Encyclopedia of Mythology and Folklore'' p. 201</ref>''
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 2450 BC || |[[Umma-Lagash War|Battle of Umma]] || [[Lagash]] decisively defeats [[Umma]] and makes it a tributary state.<ref>Winter, Irene J., "After the Battle Is Over: The ‘Stele of the Vultures’ and the Beginning of Historical Narrative in the Art of the Ancient Near East", Studies in the History of Art, vol. 16, pp. 11–32, 1985</ref><ref name="Battle">{{cite book |last=Grant |first=R.G. |title=Battle |publisher=Dorling Kindersley Ltd. |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-74033-593-5 |location=London}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | c. 2334 BC || [[Battle of Uruk]] || [[Sargon of Akkad]] defeats the Sumerian force led by [[Lugal-Zage-Si]] at [[Uruk]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Liverani |first1=Mario |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d1JAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA143 |title=The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-75084-9 |page=143 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 2300 BC || [[Battle of Terqa]] || The [[Ebla|Kingdom of Ebla]] allied with the [[Nagar, Syria|Kingdom of Nagar]], [[Kish (Sumer)|Kingdom of Kish]], and the [[Ib'al]] end the Third Mari-Ebla War by decisively defeating the [[Mari, Syria|Kingdom of Mari]] in Northeast Syria.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Liverani |first=Mario |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d1JAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA123%20123 |title=The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-75084-9 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 2004 BC || [[Third Dynasty of Ur#The Fall of Ur|Sack of Ur]] || [[Elam]] sacks [[Ur]] and thus ends the [[Third Dynasty of Ur]].
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 1764 BC || [[Siege of Hiritum]] || King [[Hammurabi]] of [[Babylonia]] allied with [[Mari, Syria|Mari]] defeats [[Elam]]ite invasion.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1763 BC || [[Rim-Sîn I#Siege of Larsa|Siege of Larsa]] || [[Hammurabi]] defeats his former ally [[Rim-Sin I]] and conquers the city-state of [[Larsa]] for [[Babylonia]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1600 BC || [[Battle of Mingtiao]] || [[Tang of Shang]] defeats [[Jie of Xia]], marking the beginning of the [[Shang dynasty]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1595 BC || [[Sack of Babylon]] || [[Hittites]] sack [[Babylon]] and end the [[First Babylonian dynasty]], leaving the area to be occupied by their [[Kassite]] allies for centuries.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1552 BC || [[Nefrusy|battle of Nefrusy]] || [[Kamose]] forces reached [[Nefrusy]], a detachment of his [[Medjay]] troops attacked the garrison and overran it
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1550 BC || [[Avaris#Recapture by Egyptians|Siege of Avaris]] || Egyptians under [[Ahmose I]] expel the [[Hyksos]] from Egypt after taking their capital of [[Avaris]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1530 BC || [[Siege of Sharuhen]] || Egyptians under [[Ahmose I]] siege and raze town of [[Sharuhen]] in southern Canaan, the last stronghold the [[Hyksos]] fled to after he expelled them from Egypt.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1504 BC || [[Kerma culture|Siege of Kerma]] || Egyptians under [[Thutmose I]] conquer [[Kerma culture]] in [[Nubia]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1457 BC || [[Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC)|Battle of Megiddo]] || [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] forces, led by [[Thutmose III]], rout the [[Canaan]]ite forces under the King of [[Kadesh (Syria)|Kadesh]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Watkins |first=Jack |title=The Greatest Battles in History |publisher=Amber Books Ltd. |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-78274-641-6 |edition=2017 |location=London  |pages=10–11 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | c. 14th century BC || [[Battle of the Ten Kings]] || [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] tribal king [[Sudas]] defeats the invading Ten Kings in the [[Punjab region]] of the [[Indian subcontinent]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1319 BC || [[Battle of the Astarpa River|Battle of the Astarpa]] || [[Hittites|Hittite]] forces, led by [[Mursili II]], destroy the [[Arzawa]] army under [[Piyama-Kurunta]], son of their king [[Uhha-Ziti]]. Mursili destroys [[Milawanda]] and besieges [[Apasa]] as a result, forcing the king to retreat to [[Ahhiyawa]] along with his sons.
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 1312 BC
|[[Battle of Ganuvara]]||Hittites defeat the [[Hayasa-Azzi]] confederation.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bryce |first=Trevor R. |title=The Kingdom of the Hittites |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1998}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cartwright |first=Mark |date=14 February 2018 |title=Hayasa-Azzi |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Hayasa-Azzi/ |access-date=8 May 2024 |website=worldhistory.org}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1300 BC || [[Battle at Gibeah]] || [[Biblical]] battle between the [[Israelite]] [[Tribe of Benjamin]] and the other tribes of [[Israel]], regarding the death of a [[concubine]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1280 BC || [[Battle of Kār Ištar]] || [[Assyria]]ns defeat [[Babylonia]]ns.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1278 BC
|[[Ramesses II#Battle against Sherden pirates|Ramesses II's Battle against Sherden pirates]]
|Egyptians under [[Ramesses II]] defeat [[Sherden]] pirates.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tyldesley |first=Joyce |title=Ramesses: Egypt's Greatest Pharaoh |publisher=Viking |year=2000 |isbn=9780670884872 |location=London}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1275 BC – c. 1205 BC || [[Battles of Alashiya]] || [[Hittites|Hittite]] navy and army defeat the navy and army of the [[Kingdom of Alashiya]] in modern-day [[Cyprus]]. One of the first naval battles ever recorded.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last1=Connolly |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLYoDAAAQBAJ&q=Battle+of+Alashiya&pg=PA9 |title=The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Warfare |last2=Gillingham |first2=John |last3=Lazenby |first3=John |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781135936747 |location=Cambridge, England |page=9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Middleton |first1=Guy D. |title=Understanding Collapse Ancient History and Modern Myths |date=2017 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781316584941 |location=Cambridge, England.|pages=155–181 |language=en |chapter=7: The Hittites and the Eastern Mediterranean}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1274 BC || [[Battle of Kadesh]] || King [[Muwatalli II]] of the [[Hittites]] surprises [[Ramesses II]]; the battle ends in a draw.<ref>Lorna Oakes, Pyramids, Temples & Tombs of Ancient Egypt: An Illustrated Atlas of the Land of the Pharaohs, Hermes House: 2003, p. 142.</ref><ref>Around "Year 5 III Shemu day 9" of Ramesses II's reign ([[James Henry Breasted]], ''[[Ancient Records of Egypt]]'', vol. III, p. 317) or more precisely: May 12, 1274 BC based on Ramesses' commonly accepted accession date in 1279 BC.</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1269 BC || [[Siege of Dapur]] || [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] forces, led by [[Ramesses II]], conquer Dapur.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1250 BC ||[[Tollense valley battlefield|Battle of the Tollense]]|| The largest excavated battle site of this age anywhere in the world, fought between unknown polities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-07-21 |title=Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald – Forschungsgeschichte |url=http://www.phil.uni-greifswald.de/bereich2/histin/ls/ufg/projekte/tollensetal/forschungsgeschichte.html |access-date=2024-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721055408/http://www.phil.uni-greifswald.de/bereich2/histin/ls/ufg/projekte/tollensetal/forschungsgeschichte.html |archive-date=2012-07-21 }}</ref><ref name="BBC_22052011">{{cite web |last1=Bowdler |first1=Neil |date=22 May 2011 |title=Early Bronze Age battle site found on German river bank |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-13469861 |accessdate=11 March 2017 |website=BBC News}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1237 BC || [[Battle of Nihriya]] || [[Tukulti-Ninurta I]] of [[Assyria]] defeats [[Tudḫaliya IV]] of the [[Hittites]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1208 BC
|[[Battle of Perire]]
|Egypt defeats [[Libu|Libyan]] and [[Sea Peoples|Sea People]] coalition.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Manassa |first=Colleen |title=The Great Karnak Inscription of Merneptah: Grand Strategy in the 13th Century BC |publisher=ISD LLC |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-950343-01-0 |page=103}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1184 BC || [[Siege of Troy]] || Greeks led by [[Mycenae]] sack [[Troy]] in Northwestern Anatolia, ending 10 year [[Trojan War]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wood |first=Michael |title=In Search of the Trojan War |publisher=BBC Books |year=1985 |isbn=0563201614 |edition=1985 |location=London}}</ref> 
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 1178 BC || [[Battle of Djahy]] || Major land battle where Pharaoh [[Ramesses III]] defeats the [[Sea Peoples]] who were attempting to invade and conquer Egypt.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beckman |first=Gary |date=2000 |title=Hittite Chronology |journal=Akkadica |volume=120 |page=23}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1175 BC || [[Battle of the Delta]] || [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] under [[Ramesses III]] repels a major naval invasion by the [[Sea Peoples]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beckman |first=Gary |date=2000 |title=Hittite Chronology |journal=Akkadica |volume=119 |pages=19–32}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 1150 BC || [[Battle of Mount Tabor (biblical)|Battle of Mount Tabor]] ||  Israelites led by [[Barak]] and [[Deborah]] defeat Caananites led by the King of Hazor.<ref name="Mayes1969">{{Cite journal |last=Mayes |first=A.D.H. |year=1969 |title=The Historical Context of the Battle against Sisera |journal=Vetus Testamentum |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=353–360 |doi=10.2307/1516506 |jstor=1516506}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1046 BC || [[Battle of Muye]] || Decisive victory of the [[Zhou dynasty]] against the [[Shang dynasty]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Yun Kuen |date=2002 |title=Building the Chronology of Early Chinese History |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/42928543 |journal=Asian Perspectives |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=15–42 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Peiyu |first=Zhang |date=2002 |title=Determining Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Through Astronomical Records in Historical Texts |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/156852302322454602 |journal=Journal of East Asian Archeology |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=347–357 |via=Brill}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 1025 BC || [[Battle of Michmash]] || Israelites defeat Philistines. 
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| c. 1010 BC || [[Saul the King#Battle of Gilboa|Battle of Mount Gilboa]] || The [[Israelites]] fight against the [[Philistines]]; King [[Saul the King|Saul]] and his son [[David and Jonathan|Jonathan]] die. 
|-
|[[Siege of Jebus]] || King [[David]] of Israel takes the city of Jebus, later known as [[Jerusalem]], from the [[Jebusites]]. It becomes the Israelite capital city.
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | c. 993 BC || [[Siege of Rabbah]] || King [[David]] takes the capital of the [[Ammon]]ites, subjugating them to Israel.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 925 BC || [[Battle of Bitter Lakes]] || [[Shoshenq I]] of [[Egypt]] defeats a [[Bedouin]] incursion after surprising the enemy at the shores of the [[Bitter Lakes]].
|-
|[[Sack of Jerusalem (925 BC)|Sack of Jerusalem]] || The Egyptians capture and plunder the Israelite capital of Jerusalem. 
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 913 BC || [[Battle of Mount Zemaraim]] || [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]] under King Abijah defeats [[Israel]] under King Jeroboam I; 500,000 Israelites fall in a single battle.
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| 878 BC || [[Battle of Suru]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Ashurnasirpal II]] takes the fortress of Suru from the Babylonians.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 858 BC || [[Shalmaneser III#Campaigns|Sack of Sugunia]] || [[Assyria]]ns under [[Shalmaneser III]] sack the city of Sugunia of the [[Urartu|Urartian]] .
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 854 BC || [[Shalmaneser III#Campaigns|Sack of Araškun ]] || [[Assyria]]ns under [[Shalmaneser III]] sack the city of Araškun the [[Urartu|Urartian]] capital forcing them to change their capital.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 853 BC || [[Battle of Karkar]] || [[Assyria]]n [[Shalmaneser III]] faces a military alliance of the king of [[Damascus]] and 11 other rulers including [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Israel]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 814 BC || [[Battle of Dur-Papsukkal]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Shamshi-Adad IV]] razes the [[Babylonia]]n city, then defeats the army of their king [[Marduk-balassu-iqbi]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 771 BC
|[[Battle of Mount Li]]
|[[Quanrong]] barbarians decisively defeat the [[Zhou dynasty|Zhou]], severely weakening the dynasty
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| c. 750 BC || [[Battle of the Lacus Curtius]] || The newly formed [[Roman Kingdom]] under King [[Romulus]] defeats the [[Sabines]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 743–740 BC || [[Siege of Arpad]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Tiglath-Pileser III]] takes and razes the Syrian city of [[Arpad, Syria|Arpad]] after besieging it for three years. 
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 742 BC || [[Battle of Kummuh]] ||[[Assyria]]n King [[Tiglath-Pileser III]] defeats King [[Sarduri I]] of [[Urartu]], taking hold of northern Syria.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 733 BC || [[Siege of Gezer (c. 733 BC)|Siege of Gezer]] || The [[Assyria]]n king, [[Tiglath-Pileser III]] takes [[Gazru]] ([[Gezer]]) from the [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Kingdom of Israel]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 724-720 BC || [[History of Tyre, Lebanon#Neo-Assyrian period (868–612 BC)|Siege of Tyre]] || [[Assyria]]ns under [[Shalmaneser V]] and later [[Sargon II]] lay siege to the [[Phoenecia]]n city of [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] for 4 years but can't take the city.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 722 BC || [[Samerina#History|Siege of Samaria]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Sargon II]] begins his reign by concluding a siege started by his predecessor [[Tiglath-Pileser III]], bringing a final destructive conquest to the northern [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Kingdom of Israel]] after taking their capital.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 720 BC || [[Osorkon IV#Battle of Raphia (720 BC)|Battle of Raphia (720 BC)]] || [[Assyria]]ns defeat the [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]]-[[Philistine]] alliance, [[Gaza city|Gaza]] and [[Rafah]] are looted 
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| c. 715 BC || [[Siege of Hermopolis]] || Nubians led by King [[Piye]] annex [[Hermopolis]] from Egyptians of [[Nimlot of Hermopolis]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 714 BC || [[Battle of Lake Urmia]] || King [[Sargon II]] of [[Assyria]] decisively defeats King [[Rusa I]] of [[Urartu]] at [[Lake Urmia]], Urartu soon becomes an Assyrian client state.
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| 707 BC || |[[Battle of Xuge]] || [[Zhou dynasty]] is defeated by [[Zheng (state)|State of Zheng]] in the first open defiance of imperial authority that would start the [[Spring and Autumn period]].
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 701 BC || [[Siege of Azekah]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Sennacherib]] takes the city of [[Azekah]] from the [[Kingdom of Judah]].
|-
|[[Siege of Lachish]] || [[Assyria]]n king [[Sennacherib]] takes the city of [[Lachish]] from the [[Kingdom of Judah]].
|-
|[[Siege of Jerusalem (701 BC)|Siege of Jerusalem]] || [[Sennacherib]] besieges the capital of the [[Kingdom of Judah]] under [[Hezekiah]]. Both sides claim victory.
|-
|[[Siege of Tyre (701 BC)|Siege of Tyre]] || [[Sennacherib]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Phoenicia]]n city-state of [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 693 BC || [[Battle of Diyala River]] || King [[Sennacherib]] of [[Assyria]] defeats the [[Elamites]] of Southern Iran, led by [[Mushezib-Marduk]], at [[Diyala River]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 691 BC || [[Battle of Halule]] || King [[Sennacherib]] of [[Assyria]] fights a rebel force, composed of [[Babylonians]], [[Chaldea]]ns, [[Aramaeans]], [[Elamites]], and the tribes of the [[Zagros]]; the battle ended in a draw, although the greatest losses were suffered by the [[ancient Assyrians|Assyrians]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 689 BC || [[Siege of Babylon]] || [[Sennacherib]] sacks [[Babylon]] and puts down the Babylonians' rebellion. 
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 685 BC || [[Battle of Deres]] || [[Aristomenes]] of [[Messenia]] fights [[Sparta]], with an unknown and disputed end.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 684 BC || [[Battle of Changshao]] || Part of [[Spring and Autumn period]]. [[Lu (state)|Lu]] defeats [[Qi (state)|Qi]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 682 BC || [[Battle of the Great Foss]] || [[Aristomenes]], [[Androcles]], [[Fidas]], and [[Aristocrates II]] of the alliance between [[Messenia]] and [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]] are decisively defeated by the [[Sparta]]ns.
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| 680–677 BC || [[Siege of Sidon (680-677 BC)|Siege of Sidon]] ||[[Assyria]]ns under [[Esarhaddon]] capture, raze and rebuild the [[Phoenecia]]n city of [[Sidon]] and execute their king, [[Abdi-Milkutti]].
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| 671 BC || [[Siege of Tyre (671 BC)|Siege of Tyre]] ||[[Assyria]]ns under [[Esarhaddon]] unsuccessfully besiege [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 669 BC || [[Battle of Hysiae (669 BC)|Battle of Hysiae]] || The [[Argives]] defeat the [[Lacedaemonians]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 663 BC || [[Siege of Tyre (663 BC)|Siege of Tyre]] || [[Assyria]]ns under [[Ashurbanipal]] unsuccessfully besiege [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]].
|-
|[[Sack of Thebes]] || King [[Asshurbanipal]] of [[Assyria]], aided by the future indigenous Egyptian Pharaoh of the [[26th Dynasty of Egypt]] [[Psamtik I]], sacks the city and ends the Kushite [[25th Dynasty of Egypt]]. [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] is permanently weakened as a city.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 654 BC || [[Sack of Sardis]] || [[Cimmerians]] sack the [[Lydia]]n capital of [[Sardis]] and kill King [[Gyges of Lydia]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 653 BC || [[Roman-Sabine wars|Battle of Malitiosa Forest]] || Romans led by their king [[Tullus Hostilius]] decisively defeat the [[Sabines]].
|-
|[[Battle of Ulai]] || [[ancient Assyrians|Assyrians]] defeat an [[Elamite]] army at the [[Ulai]] River, clearing the way to [[Elam]]. Elamite king [[Teumman]] and his son killed in the battle.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 647 BC || [[Battle of Susa]] || King [[Assurbanipal]] of [[Assyria]] takes [[Susa]] from [[Elam]], this meaning the end of the [[Elamites]] few years after.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 645 BC
|[[Battle of Loulin]] 
|[[Chu (state)]] defeats [[Xu (state)|Xu]] in the [[Spring and Autumn period]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 642 BC || [[Battle of Yan]] || [[Duke Xiao of Qi]], allied with [[Song (state)]] defeats his brothers to become ruler of Qi.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 635 BC || [[Fall of Ashdod]] || [[Psamtik I]] of [[Egypt]] takes [[Ashdod]] from the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]], after a 29-year siege.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 632 BC || [[Battle of Chengpu]] || Duke Wen of Jin defeats the [[Chu (state)|Chu]] commander [[Cheng Dechen|Ziyu]] in the biggest battle of the [[Spring and Autumn period]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 627 BC || [[Battle of Xiao]] || Part of the [[Spring and Autumn period]]. [[Jin (Chinese state)|Jin]] defeats [[Qin (state)|Qin]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 626 BC || [[Revolt of Babylon (626 BC)|Revolt of Babylon]] || [[Nabopolassar]] successfully takes [[Babylon]] from [[Assyria]] and forms the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]]. 
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 616 BC || [[Battle of Qablin]] || [[Babylonians]] led by king [[Nabopolassar]] defeat the [[ancient Assyrians|Assyrians]] and [[Mannaeans]].
|-
|[[Battle of Arrapha]] || [[Babylonians]] led by king [[Nabopolassar]] lose to the [[ancient Assyrians|Assyrians]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 615 BC || [[Fall of Tarbisu]] || The [[Medes]] led by [[Cyaxares]] take the city of [[Tarbisu]] from [[Assyria]], pushing into their heartland.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 614 BC || [[Fall of Assur]] || [[Nabopolassar]] of [[Babylonia]] and [[Cyaxares]] of the [[Medes]] take and destroy [[Assur]], capital of [[Sin- Shar-Ishkun]]'s [[Assyria]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 612 BC || [[Battle of Nineveh (612 BC)|Battle of Nineveh]] || The [[Medes]] and [[Scythians]] join the [[Babylonians]] to sack [[Nineveh]], the capital of [[Assyria]].
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 609 BC || [[Battle of Megiddo (609 BC)|Battle of Megiddo]] || [[Necho II]] of [[History of Egypt|Egypt]] defeats and kills King [[Josiah]] of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]].
|-
|[[Fall of Harran]] || [[Nabopolassar]] of [[Babylonia]] takes the [[Assyria]]n city of [[Harran]], ruled by [[Ashur-uballit II]], ending the [[Assyrian Empire]].
|-
|[[Siege of Harran]]
|[[Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt|Egyptian]] assault of Harran fails.
|-
|style="text-align:center;"| 606 BC || [[Siege of Kimuhu]] || Egyptians under [[Necho II]] take city of Kimuhu from Babylonians.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 605 BC || [[Battle of Quramati]] ||Egyptians defeat Babylonians east of the [[Euphrates River]].
|-
|[[Battle of Carchemish]] || [[Nebuchadrezzar II|Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon]] begins reign by defeating [[Necho II]] of Egypt.
                                   |-
                                   || [[Battle of Hamath]] || [[Nebuchadrezzar II]] of [[Babylon]] defeats [[Necho II]] of Egypt in Hamath. According to Daniel 1:1 [[Nebuchadrezzar II]] takes and despoils [[Jerusalem]], under the rule of [[Jehoiakim]] of [[Judea]], but Daniel was written in 167 BC and the siege was 599 BC.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 597 BC || [[Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC)|Siege of Jerusalem]] || Babylonia takes and despoils Jerusalem.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 595 BC || [[Battle of Bi]] || Part of the [[Spring and Autumn period]]. [[Chu (state)|Chu]] defeats [[Jin (Chinese state)|Jin]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 590 BC || [[Sack of Napata (590 BC)|Sack of Napata]] || Egyptians under [[Psamtik II]] sack and raze [[Napata]], the capital of the [[Kingdom of Kush]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 588 BC || [[Battle of An]] || Part of the [[Spring and Autumn period]]. Jin defeats [[Qi (state)|Qi]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 587 BC || [[Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)|Siege of Jerusalem]] || Babylonia takes and destroys Jerusalem..
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 586–573 BC || [[Siege of Tyre (586–573 BC)|Siege of Tyre]] || [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] sieges Tyre for 13 years until the city agrees to pay tribute.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 585 BC || [[Battle of Halys (585 BC)|Battle of Halys]] || Last battle of the war between [[Lydians]] and [[Medes]]. A [[solar eclipse]] is perceived as an ill omen and the fighting stops.
|-
|[[Siege of Kirrha]] || [[Amphictyonic League]] led by [[Cleisthenes of Sicyon]] destroys the city of [[Kirrha]] after poisoning its water supply during the siege. Last battle of the [[First Sacred War]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 575 BC || [[Battle of Yanling]] || Part of the [[Spring and Autumn period]]. Jin defeats Chu.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 552 BC
||[[Battle of Hyrba]]|| [[Achaemenid dynasty|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] defeat [[Median kingdom|Medians]] under [[Harpagus|Harpagos]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 551 BC
|[[Battle of the Persian Border]]|| [[Achaemenid dynasty|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] defeat [[Median kingdom|Medians]] under [[Astyages]].
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 550 BC || [[Battle of the Fetters]] || Battle between [[Sparta]] and [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]].
                                   |-
                                   || [[Medo-Persian conflict|Battle of Pasargadae]]|| [[Achaemenid dynasty|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] defeat [[Median kingdom|Medians]] under [[Astyages]].
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 547 BC || [[Battle of Pteria]] || Indecisive battle between [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] and [[Lydia]]ns under [[Croesus|Kroisos]].
|-
|[[Battle of Thymbra]] || [[Achaemenid dynasty|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] defeat [[Lydia]]ns under [[Croesus|Kroisos]].
|-
|[[Siege of Sardis (547 BC)|Siege of Sardis]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] take [[Sardis]] from [[Lydia]]ns.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 546 BC || [[Battle of Pallene (546 BC)|Battle of Pallene]] || [[Peisistratos]] defeats Athenian army in surprise attack and takes rulership of Athens.
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| 545 BC || [[Battle of The 300 Champions]] || The Spartans defeat the Argives in a battle of 300 chosen champions. Only 3 survive.
|-
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | 540 BC || [[Battle of Alalia]] || [[Carthage|Carthaginian]] and [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan]] fleets defeat [[Phocis|Phocaeans]].
|-
| [[Siege of Xanthos (540BC)|Siege of Xanthos]]|| [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Harpagus|Harpagos]] take [[Xanthos]], the capital of [[Lycia]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 539 BC || [[Battle of Opis]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Cyrus the Great|Kyros II]] defeat [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Babylonians]].
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |526 BC|| [[Battle of Pelusium#Siege of Gaza|Siege of Gaza]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Cambyses II]] capture [[Gaza city|Gaza]] after a long siege.
|-
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | 525 BC || [[Battle of Pelusium]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Cambyses II]] defeat [[Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt|Egyptians]] under [[Psamtik III]].
|-
| [[Lost Army of Cambyses#Petubastis III Dakhla ambush|Petubastis III Dakhla ambush]]
| Evidence from excavations at the [[Dakhla Oasis]] show that the Persian [[Lost Army of Cambyses]] was not destroyed by a sandstorm, but rather ambushed and defeated by Egyptian pharaoh, [[Petubastis III]].
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |513 BC
|[[Scythian campaign of Darius I#The campaign|Capture of Gelonos]]
|[[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Darius the Great|Dareios I]] take [[Gelonus|Gelonos]] from [[Budini]] and [[Gelonians]] which is subsequently destroyed.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 509 BC || [[Battle of Silva Arsia]] || [[Roman Republic]] defeats [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan]] forces from [[Tarquinii]] and [[Veii]] led by deposed Roman king [[Lucius Tarquinius Superbus]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 508 BC || [[Siege of Rome (508 BC)|Siege of Rome]] || [[Etruria|Etruscan]] forces besiege Rome, ending in a peace treaty; monarchy stays abolished in Rome.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 506 BC || [[Battle of Boju]] || Forces of [[Wu (state)|Wu]] under [[Sun Tzu]], defeat the forces of [[Chu (state)|Chu]].
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 502 BC || [[Battle of Pometia]] || [[Roman Republic|Roman]] forces defeat rebellion by [[Latins (Italic tribe)|Latin]] towns
|}

==5th century BC==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|align=top| 499 BC || [[Siege of Naxos (499 BC)|Siege of Naxos]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] unsuccessfully besiege [[Naxos]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top| 498 BC || [[Ionian Revolt|Siege of Sardis]] || Greek coalition takes [[Sardis]] which is subsequently destroyed.
|-
|| [[Battle of Ephesus (498 BC)|Battle of Ephesos]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] defeat Greek coalition.
|-
|| [[Siege of Amathus]] ||Cypriots under [[Onesilus]] unsuccessfully besiege [[Amathus]].
|-
|valign=top| 496 BC || [[Battle of Lake Regillus]] || [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] defeat either the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscans]] or the [[Latins (Italic tribe)|Latins]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 494 BC || [[Battle of Lade]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] defeat Greek coalition.
|-
|| [[Battle of Sepeia]] || [[Spartan Army|Spartan]] forces of [[Cleomenes I]] defeat the [[Argives]], fully establishing Spartan dominance in the [[Peloponnese]].
|-
|valign=top| 493 BC || [[Corioli|Battle of Corioli]] || Romans take town from the [[Volsci]].
|-
|rowspan=4 valign=top| 490 BC || [[First Persian invasion of Greece|Siege of Naxos]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] take [[Naxos (city)|Naxos]] which is subsequently destroyed.
|-
|| [[Siege of Eretria]] || [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] take [[Eretria]].
|-
|| [[Battle of Marathon]] || Greek coalition under [[Miltiades]] defeats [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|[[Siege of Kāśī]] ||[[Ajatashatru]] annexes [[Kāśī (kingdom)|Kāśī]] and [[Kosala (Mahajanapada)|Kosala]] for [[Magadha]].
|-
|rowspan=4 valign=top| 480 BC || [[Battle of Thermopylae]] || Persians under [[Xerxes I|Xerxes]] defeat a coalition of Greek forces led by the [[Sparta]]ns commanded by King [[Leonidas]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Artemisium]] || Persian fleet fights an inconclusive battle with the Greek allied fleet.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Salamis]] || [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] ships under [[Themistocles]] and [[Eurybiades]] of [[Sparta]] defeat Persian fleet in the [[Bay of Eleusis]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Himera (480 BC)|Battle of Himera]] || The Greeks of [[Sicily]], led by [[Gelo]] of [[Syracuse, Italy|Syracuse]], defeat the Carthaginians under [[Hamilcar I of Carthage]], who dies in the battle.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top| 479 BC || [[Battle of Plataea]] || Ends the Persian invasion of Greece; [[Pausanias (general)|Pausanias]], the Spartan commander of the Greek army, routs the armies of [[Mardonius (general)|Mardonius]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Mycale]] || [[Greeks]] under [[Leotychidas]] sail to [[Asia Minor]], attack the Persian fleet, and defeat the 60,000 Persian troops.
|-
| [[Siege of Sestos]] || Athens take [[Sestos]] from Persians, capture and crucify their governor [[Artayctes]] the Persian general.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 478 BC || [[Siege of Byzantium (478 BC)|Siege of Byzantium]] || [[Byzantium]] lost by Persians.
|-
|| [[Battle of Lize]] || [[Yue (state)|Yue]] defeats [[Wu (state)|Wu]], gaining much territory, during the [[Warring States period]] of [[Chinese history]].
|-
|valign=top| 477 BC || [[Battle of the Cremera]] || The [[Etruscan cities|Etruscan]] city of [[Veii]] defeats the [[Roman Republic]] at [[Cremera]].
|-
|valign=top| 475 BC || [[Wars of the Delian League|Siege of Eion]] || The [[Delian League]] takes [[Eion]] from the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|valign=top| 474 BC || [[Battle of Cumae]] || The Syracusans under [[Hiero I of Syracuse|Hiero I]] defeat the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscans]] and end Etruscan expansion in southern Italy.
|-
|valign=top| 473 BC || [[Iapygian-Tarentine Wars|Battle of Kailia]] || [[Iapygians]] defeat the Greek colonies of [[Taranto|Taras]] and [[Rhegion]] in [[Magna Graecia]] with heavy losses on both sides. According to [[Herodotus]] this was the greatest death count among Greeks in a singular battle to his memory.
|-
|valign=top| 466 BC || [[Battle of the Eurymedon]] || Athenians under [[Cimon]] defeat the Persians in a great naval battle.
|-
|valign=top| 464 BC || [[Helots#Third Messenian War|The Great Helot Revolt]] || the [[464 BC Sparta earthquake]] gave [[Messenia (ancient region)|Messenian]] [[helots]] an opportunity to revolt against [[sparta]] and establish a position on Mt. [[Ithome]].
|-
|valign=top| 460 BC || [[Battle of Hyria]] || [[History of Taranto|Taras]] defeats [[Messapians]] and [[Peucetians]].
|-
|valign=top| 459 BC || [[Battle of Papremis]] || Athenians and Egyptian rebels defeat Persians.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 458 BC || [[Battle of Mount Algidus]] || Romans under [[Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus|Cincinnatus]] defeat the [[Aequi]].
|-
|[[Battle of Aegina]]
|Athens defeats [[Aegina]]
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 457 BC || [[Battle of Tanagra (457 BC)|Battle of Tanagra]] || The Spartans defeat the Athenians near [[Thebes, Greece]].
|-
|| [[Battle of Oenophyta]] || The Athenians defeat the Thebans and take control of [[Boeotia]].
|-
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 454 BC || [[Siege of Prosoptis]] || Persia re-establishes control over Egypt.
|-
|[[Wars of the Delian League|Battle of Mendesium]] || Fifty Athenian triremes try to relieve Prosoptis unaware it succumbed, most triremes sunk by Persians.
|-
|valign=top| 453 BC || [[Battle of Jinyang]] || Decisive battle leading to the partition of the state of [[Jin (Chinese state)|Jin]] into three smaller states of [[Zhao (state)|Zhao]], [[Han (Warring States)|Han]], and [[Wei (state)|Wei]], which became three of the seven [[warring states]] in China.
|-
| rowspan="3" valign="top" | 450 BC || [[Siege of Citium]] || Persia maintains control over Cyprus.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Salamis (in Cyprus)|Battle of Salamis]] || Athenians under [[Cimon]] defeat the Persian fleet at [[Cyprus]].
|-
|[[Battle of Nomae]]
|[[Greeks]] defeat [[Sicels]] of [[Ducetius]] 
|-
|valign=top| 447 BC || [[Battle of Coronea (447 BC)|Battle of Coronea]] || The Athenians are driven from Boeotia.
|-
|valign=top| 446 BC || [[Battle of Corbio]] || Roman General Titus gains a victory over the Aequi tribes.
|-
|valign=top| 446 BC || [[Battle of the Himera River (446 BC)|Battle of the Himera]] || [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]] defeats [[Agrigento|Akragas]]
|-
|rowspan="3" valign="top"| 435 BC || [[Capture of Fidenae (435 BC)|Capture of Fidenae]] || Romans defeat the [[Veii]].
|-
|[[Battle of Leucimme|Battle of Leukimme]] || [[Corcyra]] defeats [[Corinth]].
|-
|[[Siege of Epidamnos (435 BC)|Siege of Epidamnos]]|| [[Corcyra]] takes their former colony of [[Epidamnus]].
|-
|valign=top| 433 BC || [[Battle of Sybota]] || Athenians and [[Corcyra|Corcyreans]] fight the [[Corinth]]ians.
|-
|valign=top| 432 BC || [[Battle of Potidaea]] || Athens defeats Sparta, leading to the [[Peloponnesian War]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top| 429 BC || [[Battle of Spartolos]] || [[Chalcis|Chalcidians]] and their allies defeat Athens.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Rhium]] || Naval defeat of the Peloponnesians by Athens.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Naupactus (429 BC)|Battle of Naupactos]] || [[Phormio]]n defeats the Peloponnesian fleet.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 427 BC || [[Mytilenean revolt]] || Athens ends [[Mytilene|Mytilenian]] revolt.
                                  |-
                                  || [[Siege of Plataea]] ||| Sparta besieges and destroys [[Plataea]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top| 426 BC || [[Battle of Tanagra (426 BC)|Battle of Tanagra]] || Athenians under [[Nicias]] defeat [[Tanagra]] and [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Olpae]] || Athenians under [[Demosthenes (general)|Demosthenes]] defeat the Spartans in [[Aetolia]].
|-
                                       || [[Battle of Idomene]] || [[Demosthenes]] of [[Athens]] defeats [[Ambracia]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 425 BC || [[Battle of Pylos]] || Athenians under [[Demosthenes (general)|Demosthenes]] again defeat the Spartans, this time capturing a Spartan fleet and leaving a Spartan contingent isolated on the island of [[Sphacteria]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Sphacteria|Battle of Sphakteria]] || [[Demosthenes (general)|Demosthenes]] and [[Cleon]] capture the Spartans on Sphacteria.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top| 424 BC || [[Battle of Megara]] || [[Athens]] encounters defeat at [[Megara]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Delium|Battle of Delion]] || |Another Athenian invasion of Boeotia is unsuccessful.
|-
|valign=top|423 BC || [[Battle of Lyncestis|Battle of Lynkestis]] || Illyrians and Lyncestians fight the Spartans and Macedonians during the [[Peloponnesian War|Peloponnessian War]].
|-
|valign=top|422 BC || [[Battle of Amphipolis]] || The Spartans under [[Brasidas]] defeat the Athenians under [[Cleon]]; both generals die.
|-
|valign=top| 418 BC || [[Battle of Mantinea (418 BC)|Battle of Mantinea]] || The Spartans under King [[Agis II]] defeat the [[Argives]], [[Mantineia|Mantineans]], and Athenians.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 417 BC || [[Battle of Hysiae (417 BC)|Battle of Hysiae]] || Spartans march against Argos with their allies, yet fail to take the city itself, instead capturing Hysiae
|-
|[[Battle of Orneae]] || [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argives]] and [[Athens|Athenians]] defeat [[Sparta]]n garrison
|- 
| valign="top" | 415 BC || [[Battle of Melos]] || Athens invades [[Melos]].
|-
|413 BC
|[[Sicilian Expedition]] || The Athenian expedition in Sicily, under [[Nicias]] and [[Demosthenes (general)|Demosthenes]], is annihilated.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;"| 411 BC || [[Battle of Eretria]] || Spartans defeat the Athenian fleet.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Syme]] || Spartans defeat Athenian fleet; Persia is drawn into the Peloponnesian War.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Cynossema|Battle of Kynossema]] || The Athenians under [[Alcibiades]] defeat the Spartan fleet.
|-
| rowspan="2" |410 BC
||[[Battle of Abydos]]|| Athenian navy defeats Spartan fleet.
|-
|[[Battle of Cyzicus|Battle of Kyzikos]]|| The Athenian fleet, under the leadership of [[Alcibiades]], destroys the Spartan fleet.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 409 BC || [[Battle of Selinus]] || Dorian Greek city [[Selinus]] destroyed by Carthage.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Himera (409 BC)|Battle of Himera]] || Ionian Greek city [[Himera]] destroyed by Carthage.
|-
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;"| 406 BC || [[Battle of Notium|Battle of Notion]] || The Spartans under [[Lysander]] defeat a segment of the Athenian fleet under [[Antiochus (admiral)|Antiochus]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Mytilene (406 BC)|Battle of Mytilene]] || Sparta defeats Athens.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Arginusae]] || The final [[Athens|Athenian]] victory of the [[Peloponnesian War]].
                                       |-
                                       || [[Siege of Akragas (406 BC)|Siege of Akragas]] || Dorian Greek city [[Akragas]] sacked by Carthage.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;"| 405 BC || [[Battle of Gela (405 BC)|Battle of Gela]] || Dorian Greek city [[Gela]] sacked by Carthage.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Aegospotami]] || The final battle of the [[Peloponnesian War]]; [[Lysander]] destroys the navy of [[Athens]] led by [[Conon]].
                                       |- 
                                       || [[Sack of Camarina (405 BC)|Sack of Camarina]] || Carthaginians sack Sicilian Greek city of Camarina.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"| 404 or 403 BC || [[Battle of Phyle]] || The Athenian exiles, seeking to restore democracy in [[Athens]], defeat the Spartans.
                                       |-
                                       || [[Battle of Munychia]] || The Athenian exiles, in their search for democracy in [[Athens]], defeat the oligarchic government of [[Athens]].
|-
|valign=top | 403 BC || [[Battle of Piraeus]] || The Athenian exiles, led by [[Thrasybulus]], are finally defeated by the Spartans of [[Pausanias of Sparta|Pausanias]], both sides suffering tremendous casualties. However, [[Piraeus]] and [[Athens]] are reunited and the democratic government of [[Athens]] is reestablished.
|-
|valign=top | 401 BC || [[Battle of Cunaxa]] || [[Artaxerxes II]] defeats [[Cyrus the Younger|Kyros the Younger]] who is killed in the fighting.
|}

==4th century BC==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|valign=top|398 BC|| [[Siege of Motya]]|| Phoenician city [[Motya]] sacked by Sicilian Greeks.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|397 BC|| [[Battle of Messene]]|| Ionian Greek city [[Messina|Messene]] sacked by Carthage.
|-
|| [[Battle of Catana (397 BC)|Battle of Catana]]|| Greek fleet defeated by Carthage.
|-
|| [[Siege of Syracuse (397 BC)|Siege of Syracuse]]|| Battle between [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]] and [[Carthage]]. Part of the [[Sicilian Wars]]. Greek victory.
|-
|396 BC|| [[Battle of Veii]]|| Romans complete conquest of [[Etruscans]].
|-
| rowspan="1" |395 BC|| [[Battle of Haliartus]]|| The Spartan general [[Lysander]] is killed in a Spartan defeat by the Thebans.
|-
| rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top;"|394 BC|| [[Battle of Nemea (394 BC)|Battle of Nemea]]|| Spartans defeat the Thebans, Athenians, Argives, and Corinthians.
|-
|| [[Battle of Cnidus]]|| The Spartan fleet under Peisander is utterly destroyed by the Persian-Athenian fleet of [[Conon]].
|-
|| [[Battle of Coronea (394 BC)|Battle of Coronea]]|| King [[Agesilaus II]] of Sparta defeats the Thebans.
|-
|[[Siege of Tauromenium (394 BC)|Siege of Tauromenium]]
|Syracuse besieges the [[Sicels]]
|-
|393 BC
|[[Battle of Abacaenum]]
|Small Carthaginian army defeated by [[Dionysius I of Syracuse]]
|-
|valign=top|392 BC|| [[Battle of Chrysas]]|| Inconclusive last battle of the [[Sicilian Wars|Third Sicilian War]]
|-
|valign=top|391 BC||  [[Battle of Lechaeum]]|| [[Iphicrates]] of [[Athens]] defeats [[Sparta]] during the [[Corinthian War]].
|-
|valign=top|390 BC||  [[Battle of the Allia]] || Celtic Coalition under [[Brennus (leader of the Senones)|Brennus]] defeat [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Quintus Sulpicius Longus|Quitnus Sulpicius Longus]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |389 BC||  [[Battle of the Elleporus]]|| [[Dionysius I of Syracuse]] defeats the [[Italiote League]], securing his domination of Greek Southern Italy.
|-
|[[Siege of Theodosia (389 BC)|Siege of Theodosia]]
|[[Bosporan Kingdom]] tries to take Theodosia but fails
|-
|386 BC||  [[Siege of Rhegium]]|| [[Dionysius I of Syracuse]] conquers the city and sells the inhabitants into slavery.
|-
|385 BC|| [[Siege of Mantinea]]|| Sparta destroys [[Mantineia|Mantinea]]
|-
|384 BC|| [[Battle of Pharos]]|| [[Liburnians]] defeat Greek colony of [[Pharos (polis)|Pharos]] and Syracuse.
|-
|380 BC
|[[Battle of Labrytai]]
|Bosporan Kingdom conquers the [[Sindi people|Sindlike Kingdom]]
|-
|377 BC 
|[[Battle of Cabala]]
|Syracuse defeats Carthage 
|-
| rowspan="2" |376 BC
|[[Battle of Cronium]]
|Carthage defeats Syracuse, ending the Fourth Sicilian War
|-
|[[Battle of Naxos]]|| The Athenians under [[Chabrias]] defeat the Spartans at sea.
|-
|375 BC||  [[Battle of Tegyra]]|| [[Pelopidas]] of [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]] defeats [[Sparta]].
|-
|374 BC|| [[Battle of Alyzia]]|| Athenian navy defeats Spartan navy.
|-
|373 BC|| [[Battle of Pelusium (373 BC)]]|| Egyptian victory
|-
|371 BC||  [[Battle of Leuctra]]|| Spartans under king [[Cleombrotus I|Cleombrotus]] lose to the Thebans under [[Epaminondas]] – Cleombrotus is killed. This ends the period of Spartan domination of Greece
|-
|365 BC
|[[Siege of Theodosia (c. 365 BC)|Siege of Theodosia]]
|Bosporan Kingdom again tries to take Theodosia and again fails
|-
|364 BC||  [[Battle of Cynoscephalae (364 BC)|Battle of Cynoscephalae]]|| The Thebans under [[Pelopidas]] fight a drawn battle with [[Alexander of Pherae]] in [[Thessaly]]. Pelopidas is killed.
|-
|362 BC||  [[Battle of Mantinea (362 BC)|Battle of Mantinea]]|| The Thebans and their allies, under Epaminondas, defeat the Spartans and Athenians, but Epaminondas himself is killed, ending the brief period of Theban domination.
|-
|361 BC
|[[Battle of the Anio River (361 BC)|Battle of the Anio]]|| [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Titus Quinctius Pennus Capitolinus Crispinus|Titus Quinctius Pennus]] defeat Celtic Coalition.
|-
|360 BC
|[[Siege of Theodosia (c. 360 BC)|Siege of Theodosia]]
|Bosporan Kingdom besieges Theodosia for the third time, this time taking the city
|-
|359 BC|| [[Expansion of Macedonia under Philip II|Battle of Methone]]|| [[Philip II of Macedon]] defeats 3,000 Athenian mercenaries on the Macedonian coast.
|-
| rowspan="2" |358 BC
|[[Battle of Pedum (358 BC)|Battle of Pedum]]
|[[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Gaius Sulpicius Peticus]] defeat Celtic Coalition.
|-
| [[Battle of Erigon Valley]]|| [[Philip II of Macedon]] defeats the [[Kingdom of Dardania]], expanding Macedonia to their northwestern frontier.
|-
|356 BC||  [[Battle of Embata]]|| [[Athenians]] under [[Chares of Athens|Chares]], [[Iphicrates]], and [[Timotheus (general)|Timotheos]] are defeated by the [[Chians]] at [[Chios]], Greece.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|353 BC||[[Battle of Crocus Field]]|| [[Philip II of Macedon]] defeats the [[Phocis|Phocians]] in the [[Third Sacred War]].
|-
||[[Battle of Guiling]]|| [[Tian Ji]] and [[Sun Bin]] of [[Qi]] defeat [[Pang Juan]] of [[Wei (state)|Wei]] at Handan during the [[Warring States period]] of China.
|-
| rowspan="3" |343 BC||[[Battle of Mount Gaurus]]|| Roman general [[Marcus Valerius Corvus]] defeats the Samnites.
|-
|[[Battle of Suessula]]|| The [[Roman Republic]] beats the [[Samnites]], but is forced to withdraw due to the revolt of several of its Latin allies.
|-
|[[Siege of Syracuse (343 BC)|Siege of Syracuse]]|| [[Ancient Corinth|Corinthian]] General [[Timoleon]] leads coalition with the other Sicilian Greek cities to intervene in [[Hicetas of Leontini|Hicetas]] of [[Leontini]]'s attempt to capture [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], defeating him, his Carthaginian allies, Syracuse's tyrant [[Dionysius II of Syracuse]] and restoring democracy to Syracuse.
|-
|342 BC
||[[Battle of Maling]]||[[Tian Ji]] and [[Sun Bin]] of [[Qi]] again defeat [[Pang Juan]] of [[Wei (state)|Wei]], this time at [[Dazhangija Town]], [[Shen County]], in [[Henan Province]].
|-
|340 BC
||[[Siege of Byzantium]]|| A siege by [[Philip II of Macedonia]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|339 BC || [[Battle of Vesuvius]] || Romans under P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Imperiosus defeat the rebellious Latins.
|-
| [[Battle of the Crimissus]] || Syracuse under [[Timoleon]] defeats Carthage.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|338 BC||[[Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)|Battle of Chaeronea]]|| 2 August – Philip of Macedon crushes Athens and Thebes in their struggle to maintain their independence.
|-
|| [[Battle of Trifanum]] || Roman general T. Manlius Imperiosus decisively defeats the Latins.
|-
|| [[Battle of Manduria]] || [[Sparta]] and its colony [[History of Taranto|Taras]] both defeated by the [[Brutian League]] in front of the walls of [[Manduria]]. Spartan king [[Archidamus III]] killed.
|-
| rowspan="3" |335 BC
|[[Battle of Mount Haemus|Battle of Mount Haimos]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Thracians]].
|-
|[[Siege of Pelium|Siege of Pelion]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Illyrians]].
|-
|[[Battle of Thebes]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]] which is subsequently destroyed.
|-
| rowspan="3" |334 BC ||[[Battle of the Granicus|Battle of the Granikos]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|[[Siege of Miletus|Siege of Miletos]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Miletus|Miletos]] from [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|[[Siege of Halicarnassus|Siege of Halikarnassos]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Halicarnassus|Halikarnassos]] from [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|333 BC ||[[Battle of Issus|Battle of Issos]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Darius III|Dareios III]].
|-
||[[Siege of Gordium|Siege of Gordion]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Parmenion]] take [[Gordion]] from [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|332 BC || [[Siege of Tyre (332 BC)|Siege of Tyros]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]].
|-
||[[Siege of Gaza (332 BCE)|Siege of Gaza]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Gaza City|Gaza]].
|-
|rowspan=4 valign=top|331 BC || [[Battle of Pandosia]] || [[Italic peoples|Italian coalition]] defeats [[Alexander I of Epirus]] who is killed in the fighting.
|-
|| [[Battle of Megalopolis]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Antipater|Antipatros]] defeat [[Sparta]]ns under [[Agis III]].
|-
||[[Battle of Gaugamela]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]] under [[Darius III|Dareios III]].
|-
||[[Battle of the Uxian Defile]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat the [[Uxii|Uxians]].
|-
|330 BC ||[[Battle of the Persian Gate]]|| [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|329 BC || [[Siege of Cyropolis|Siege of Kyropolis]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Cyropolis|Kyroplis]] from [[Sogdia]]ns.
|-
||[[Battle of Jaxartes|Battle of the Jaxartes]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat the [[Saka]].
|-
|328 BC
|[[Battle of Gabai]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Coenus (general)|Koinos]] defeat [[Sogdia]]ns under [[Spitamenes]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|327 BC || [[Capture of Neapolis]] || The [[Samnites]] take the city of [[Naples|Neapolis]] from Rome.
|-
||[[Siege of the Sogdian Rock]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take the Sogdian Rock from [[Sogdia]]ns.
|-
|| [[Siege of Aornos]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] take [[Aornos]].
|-
|326 BC ||[[Battle of the Hydaspes]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Alexander the Great]] defeat [[Porus|Poros]].
|
|-
|325 BC ||[[Battle of Imbrinium]] || Romans under [[Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus]] defeat the [[Samnites]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |323 BC
|[[Battle of Plataea (323 BC)|Battle of Plataea]]
|[[Classical Athens|Athenians]] defeat [[Boeotia]]ns who are allied to [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedon]].
|-
|[[Battle of Thermopylae (323 BC)|Battle of Thermopylae]]
|Greek Coalition defeats [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Antipater|Antipatros]].
|-
| rowspan="6" |322 BC
|[[Siege of Lamia]]
|Greek Coalition unsuccessfully besieges [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Antipater|Antipatros]] in [[Malis (region)|Malis]].
|-
|[[Battle of Amorgos]]
|[[Cleitus the White|Kleitos the White]] defeats [[Classical Athens|Athenians]] at sea.
|-
|[[Battle of the Echinades (322 BC)|Battle of Echinades]]
|[[Cleitus the White|Kleitos the White]] defeats [[Classical Athens|Athenians]] at sea.
|-
|[[Battle of Melitaea|Battle of Melitea]]
|Greek Coalition defeats [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Leonnatus|Leonnatos]] who is killed in the fighting.
|-
|[[Battle of Crannon|Battle of Krannon]] || [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Antipater|Antipatros]] and [[Craterus|Krateros]] defeat Greek Coalition.
|-
|[[Battle of Pataliputra]] || [[Chandragupta Maurya]] attacks the capital of the [[Nanda Empire]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |321 BC ||[[Battle of the Caudine Forks]] || The Romans under Spurius Postumius and T. Verturius Calvinus are defeated by the [[Samnites]] under Gaius Pontius.
|-
|[[Battle of the Hellespont (321 BC)|Battle of the Hellespont]] || [[Eumenes]] defeats [[Craterus|Krateros]] and [[Neoptolemus (general)|Neoptolemos]] who are killed in the fighting.
|-
|[[Battle of the Camel's rampart]]
|[[Perdiccas|Perdikkas]] fails in crossing the Nile against [[Ptolemy I Soter|Ptolemaios]] and is subsequently assassinated.
|-
| rowspan="2" |319 BC ||[[Battle of Orkynia]] || [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] defeats [[Eumenes]]. 
|-
|[[Battle of Cretopolis|Battle of Kretopolis]] ||[[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] defeats Perdiccan Coalition under [[Alcetas|Alketas]].
|-
|318 BC
|[[Siege of Nora]]
|[[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Eumenes]].
|-
| rowspan="5" |317 BC ||[[Siege of Megalopolis]] || [[Polyperchon]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Megalopolis, Greece|Megalopolis]] which is allied to [[Cassander|Kassandros]].
|-
|[[Battle of Byzantium|Battle of Byzantion]] || [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] and [[Nicanor (Antipatrid general)|Nikanor]] defeat [[Cleitus the White|Kleitos the White]] at sea. 
|-
|[[Battle of Euia]]
|[[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirotes]] under [[Aeacides of Epirus|Aiakides]] and [[Olympias]] defeat [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Philip III of Macedon|Philipp III]] and [[Eurydice II of Macedon|Eurydike]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Kopratas]]
|[[Eumenes]] defeats advance force of [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]].
|-
|[[Battle of Paraitakene]] || Indecisive battle between [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] and [[Eumenes]].
|-
|316 BC
|[[Battle of Pydna (Diadochi)|Siege of Pydna]]
|[[Cassander|Kassandros]] takes [[Pydna]] under [[Olympias]] who is subsequently captured alongside [[Roxana]] and [[Alexander IV of Macedon|Alexander IV]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|315 BC ||[[Battle of Lautulae]]|| The Romans are defeated by the Samnites.
|-
||[[Battle of Gabiene]]|| [[Antigonus Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] defeats [[Eumenes]] who is subsequently executed.
|-
|314 BC ||[[Siege of Tyre (315–314 BC)|Siege of Tyros]] || [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos Monophthalmos]] takes [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] from [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaics.]]
|
|-
|313 BC
|[[Battle of Oineiadai]]
|[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Philip (son of Antipater)|Philippos]] defeat [[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirotes]] under [[Aeacides of Epirus|Aiakides]] who is killed in the fighting.
|
|-
|312 BC ||[[Battle of Gaza (312 BC)|Battle of Gaza]]|| [[Ptolemy I Soter|Ptolemaios]] and [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos]] defeat [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios]].
|-
| rowspan="4" |311 BC
|[[Battle of Myus]]
|[[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios]] defeats [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaics]] under [[Cilles|Killes]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Himera River (311 BC)|Battle of Himera]]|| The Carthaginian general Hamilcar defeats the tyrant [[Agathocles of Syracuse|Agathocles]] of [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], who is then besieged in Syracuse.
|-
|[[First siege of Babylon|Siege of Babylon]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos]] takes [[Babylon]] from [[Antigonid dynasty|Antigonids]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Tigris]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos]] defeats [[Antigonid dynasty|Antigonids]] under [[Nicanor (satrap)|Nikanor]] and Eaugoras.
|-
| rowspan="5" |310 BC ||[[Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC)|Battle of Lake Vadimo]]|| The Romans defeat the [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan]]s.
|-
|[[Second Siege of Babylon (310 BC)|Siege of Babylon]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos]] and [[Patrocles (geographer)|Patrokles]] defeat [[Antigonid dynasty|Antigonids]] under [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios]] and Archelaos.
|-
|[[Battle of the River Thatis|Battle of the Thatis]]
|[[Satyros II]] of the Bosporan Kingdom allied with the [[Scythians]] defeats his brother [[Eumelos of Bosporus|Eumelos]] and his [[Sarmatian]] army in the opening battle of the [[Bosporan Civil War]].
|-
|[[Battle of White Tunis]]
|[[Agathocles of Syracuse]] defeats Carthage in [[Africa]]
|-
|[[Siege of Syracuse (311–309 BC)|Siege of Syracuse]]
|Syracuse repels a [[Ancient Carthage|Carthaginian]] siege of the city
|-
| rowspan="4" |309 BC ||[[Third Siege of Babylon (309 BC)|Siege of Babylon]] || [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos]] takes [[Babylon]] from [[Seleucid dynasty|Seleucids]].
|-
|[[Battle of the 25 of Abu]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos]] defeats [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos]] who is subsequently forced to recognise [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid]] rule over [[Babylonia]], [[Elam]] and [[Media (region)|Media]].
|-
|[[Siege of Siracena]]
|Satyros II is killed while besieging Eumelos 
|-
|[[Battle of Lake Maeotis]]
|Eumelos defeats his brother [[Prytanis of Bosporus|Prytanis]] and takes the throne of the Bosporan Kingdom, ending the civil war
|-
|306 BC ||[[Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC)|Battle of Salamis]]|| [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios]] defeats [[Menelaus (son of Lagus)|Menelaos]] at sea, [[Cyprus]] is subsequently taken from [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaics]].
|-
|305 BC ||[[Battle of Bovianum]] || The Roman consuls M. Fulvius and L. Postumius decisively defeat the Samnites to end the [[Second Samnite War]].
|-
|305-304 BC ||[[Siege of Rhodes (305 BC)|Siege of Rhodes]] || [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios I Poliorketes]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Rhodes]].
|-
|301 BC ||[[Battle of Ipsus|Battle of Ipsos]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos I]] and [[Lysimachus|Lysimachos]] defeat [[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios I Poliorketes]] and [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigonos I Monophthalmos]], who is killed in the fighting.
|}

==3rd century BC==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|valign=top|298 BC ||[[Battle of Camerinum]] || The Samnites allied with the Gauls defeat the Romans under [[Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus|Lucius Cornelius Scipio]] in the first battle of the [[Third Samnite War]].
|-
|valign=top|297 BC ||[[Battle of Tifernum]]|| Roman forces defeat the Samnites in Umbria.
|-
|valign=top|295 BC ||[[Battle of Sentinum]]|| The Romans under Fabius Rullianus and Publius Decimus Mus defeat the Samnites and their Etruscan and Gallic allies, forcing the Etruscans, Gauls, and Umbrians to make peace.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|293 BC ||[[Battle of Aquilonia]]|| The Romans decisively defeat the Samnites.
|-
||[[Battle of Yique]]|| [[Qin (state)|Qin]] forces defeat the allied states of [[Wei (state)|Wei]] and [[Han (Warring States)|Han]], leading to Qin's further superiority in China.
|-
|291 BC
|[[Siege of Thebes (292–291 BC)|Siege of Thebes]]
|[[Demetrius I of Macedon|Demetrios I Poliorketes]] takes [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]].
|-
|287 BC
|[[Siege of Athens (287 BC)|Siege of Athens]]
|[[Demetrius I Poliorcetes|Demetrios I Poliorketes]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Classical Athens|Athens]].
|-
|valign=top|284 BC ||[[Battle of Arretium]] || |A Roman army under Lucius Caecilius is destroyed by the Gauls.
|-
|valign=top|283 BC ||[[Battle of Lake Vadimo (283 BC)|Battle of Lake Vadimo]]|| A Roman army under P. Cornelius Dolabello defeats the Etruscans and Gauls.
|-
|valign=top|282 BC ||[[Battle of Populonia]] || Etruscan resistance to Roman domination of Italy is finally crushed.
|-
|valign=top|281 BC ||[[Battle of Corupedium|Battle of Kurupedion]] || [[Seleucus I Nicator|Seleukos I]] defeats [[Lysimachus|Lysimachos]] who is killed in the fighting.
|-
|valign=top|280 BC ||[[Battle of Heraclea]] || [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] defeats [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Publius Valerius Laevinus|Publius Valerius Leavinus]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|279 BC ||[[Battle of Asculum]] || [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] defeats [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Publius Decius Mus (consul 279 BC)|Publius Decius Mus]].
|-
||[[Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC)|Battle of Thermopylae]] || Invading [[Gaul]]ic forces under [[Brennus (3rd century BC)|Brennus]] defeat a Greek alliance and advance on the Balkans.
|-
||[[Brennus (3rd century BC)|Attack on Delphi]] || Gauls decisively defeated by Greek alliance while trying to sack [[Delphi]]. Brennus commits suicide during the retreat.
|-
| rowspan="2" |278 BC
|[[Siege of Syracuse (278 BC)|Siege of Syracuse]]
|[[Ancient Carthage|Carthaginians]] unsuccessfully besiege [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]].
|-
|[[Siege of Lilybaeum (278 BC)|Siege of Lilybaeum]]
|[[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Marsala|Lilybaeum]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |277 BC ||[[Battle of Lysimachia]] || Macedonian Antigonid forces versus Gallic tribes that had settled in the Thracian Chersonese. 
|-
|[[Battle of the Cranita hills]] || [[Samnites]] defeat [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Publius Cornelius Rufinus (consul 290 BC)|Publius Cornelius Rufinus]] and Caius Junius Bubulcus.
|-
|276 BC
|[[Battle of the Strait of Messina]]
|[[Ancient Carthage|Carthaginians]] defeat [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] at sea.
|-
|valign=top|275 BC ||[[Battle of Beneventum (275 BC)|Battle of Beneventum]] || [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Manius Curius Dentatus]] defeat [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] who subsequently leaves Italy with most of his army.
|-
|valign=top|274 BC ||[[Battle of the Aous (274 BC)|Battle of the Aous]] || [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] defeats [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonians]] under [[Antigonus II Gonatas|Antigonos II Gonatas]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |272 BC
|[[Siege of Sparta]]
|[[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] unsuccessfully besieges [[Sparta]]. 
|-
|[[Battle of Argos]]
|Coalition under [[Antigonus II Gonatas|Antigonos II Gonatas]] defeats [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhos I]] who is killed in the fighting. 
|-
|[[Siege of Taras (272 BC)|Siege of Taras]] 
|[[Roman Republic|Romans]] take [[Taranto|Taras]].
|-
|264 BC
|[[Battle of Messana]]
|Rome defeats Carthage in the first battle of the [[First Punic War]]
|-
|valign=top|262 BC ||[[Battle of Agrigentum]] || Carthaginian forces under Hannibal Gisco and Hanno are defeated by the Romans, giving them control of most of Sicily.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|261 BC ||[[Battle of Cos]] || Naval victory of [[Antigonus II Gonatas]] over [[Ptolemy II]].
|-
|[[Kalinga War|Battle of Kalinga]] || [[Ashoka the Great]] conquers [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] for the [[Maurya Empire]].
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|260 BC ||[[Battle of Changping]]|| Army of Qin under Bai Qi routed army of Zhao and massacred 500,000 prisoners of war. Military superiority of Qin over all other states of China. Unification became a matter of time.
|-
||[[Battle of the Lipara Islands|Battle of Lipara Islands]] || A Roman naval force is defeated by the Carthaginians.
|-
||[[Battle of Mylae]] || A Roman naval force under C. Duillius defeats the Carthaginian fleet, giving Rome control of the western Mediterranean.
|-
|259 BC 
|[[Battle of Thermae]]
|Carthaginian defeat Romans in Sicily
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|258 BC || [[Battle of Ephesus (ca. 258 BC)|Battle of Ephesus]] || Rhodians under [[Agathostratus]] defeat a [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaic]] fleet under [[Chremonides]].
|-
|| [[Battle of Sulci]]|| Minor Roman naval victory during [[First Punic War]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|257 BC || [[Battle of Tyndaris]] || Sicilian town captured by Rome.
|-
|[[Battle of Handan]] ||States of [[Zhao (state)|Zhao]], [[Chu (state)|Chu]], and [[Wei (state)|Wei]] defeat [[Qin (state)|Qin]].
|-
|valign=top|256 BC ||[[Battle of Cape Ecnomus]] || A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
|-
| rowspan="4" |255 BC
|[[Siege of Aspis]]
|Rome takes the city of Aspis in Africa
|-
|[[Battle of Adys]] || The Romans under Regulus defeat the Carthaginians in North Africa.
|-
||[[Battle of Tunis]] || The Carthaginians under [[Xanthippus]], a Greek mercenary, defeat the Romans under [[Regulus]], who is captured.
|-
|[[Battle of Cape Hermaeum]] 
|Romans defeat Carthaginian fleet and successfully evacuate their army from Africa
|-
|valign=top|251 BC ||[[Battle of Panormus]] || Carthaginian forces under [[Hasdrubal the Fair|Hasdrubal]] are defeated by the Romans under L. Caecilius Metellus.
|-
|rowspan="2" |250 BC
|[[Siege of Lilybaeum (250–241 BC)|Siege of Lilybaeum]] ||Rome takes [[Lilybaeum]] after a long siege 
|-
|[[Battle of Panormus]] ||[[Roman Republic|Roman]] army led by Consul [[Lucius Caecilius Metellus (consul 251 BC)|Metellus]] defeats [[Ancient Carthage|Carthaginian]] army led by General [[Hasdrubal, son of Hanno|Hasdrubal]]
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" |249 BC ||[[Battle of Drepana]] || [[Carthage|Carthaginians]] under [[Adherbal (admiral)|Adherbal]] defeat the fleet of Roman admiral [[Publius Claudius Pulcher (consul 249 BC)|Claudius Pulcher]].
|-
|[[Battle of Phintias]]
|Carthage destroys a large Roman navy
|-
|248

BC
|[[Siege of Drepana]]
|Rome besieges [[Drepana]]
|-
|valign=top|246 BC ||[[Battle of Andros (246 BC)|Battle of Andros]] || [[Ptolemy III]] loses the [[Cyclades]] to [[Antigonus II]] of Macedonia.
|-
|valign=top|241 BC ||[[Battle of the Aegates Islands]] || Roman sea victory over the [[Carthage|Carthaginians]], ending the [[First Punic War]]
|-
|valign=top|241 BC ||[[Battle of the Caecus River]] || [[Attalus I]] defeats the [[Galatia]]ns 
|-
| rowspan="3" valign="top" |240 BC ||[[Battle of Utica]]|| Rebellious Carthaginian mercenaries defeats the Carthaginian army of [[Hanno II the Great]]
|-
|[[Battle of the Bagradas River (240 BC)|Battle of the Bagradas River]]|| [[Hamilcar]] defeats mercenary troops, making it the first Punic victory in the [[Mercenary Wars]].
|-
|[[Hamilcar's victory with Naravas]] ||Hamilcar again defeats the mercenary forces, this time with the help of the Numidian defector [[Naravas]]
|-
|239 BC
|[[Battle of Ancyra]]|| [[Antiochus Hierax]] defeats [[Seleucus II Callinicus]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |238 BC
|[[Battle of "The Saw"]]
|[[Hamilcar]] defeats a great mercenary army at Tunis.
|-
|[[Battle of Aphrodisium]]|| [[Attalus I]] of [[Pergamon]] defeats [[Antiochus Hierax]] 
|-
|[[Battle of Leptis Parva]]
|Final battle of the Mercenary War
|-
|233 BC||[[Battle of Fei (233 BCE)|Battle of Fei]] ||[[Zhou dynasty|Zhou]] defeat the [[Qin (state)|Qin]]
|-
|231 BC||[[Siege of Medion]]||[[Illyrians]] under [[Agron of Illyria|Agron]] defeat the [[Aetolian League]]
|-
|230 BC||[[Battle of Phoenice]]||Illyrians defeat the Epirotes
|-
| rowspan="4" |229 BC||[[Battle of Paxos]]||Illyrians defeat the Aetolian League and [[Achaean League]]
|-
|[[Battle of the Harpasus]]|| Attalus again defeats Antiochus Hierax and takes over much of [[Anatolia]]
|-
|[[Battle of Epidamnus]]|| Greeks of [[Epirus]] beat back Illyrians.
|-
|[[Siege of Issa]]|| Romans lift Illyrian siege of Greek city of [[Vis (town)|Issa]].
|-
|227 BC
|[[Battle of Mount Lycaeum]]
|[[Cleomenes III]] of Sparta defeats the Achaean League
|-
|r=top|226 BC ||[[Battle of Dyme]]|| [[Sparta]] again defeats the [[Achaean League]] decisively, resulting in a peace treaty.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|225 BC || [[Battle of Faesulae]] || The Romans are defeated by the Gauls of Northern Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of Telamon]] || The Romans under Aemilius Papus and Caius Atilius Regulus defeat the Gauls.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|222 BC ||[[Battle of Clastidium]] || The Romans under [[Marcus Claudius Marcellus]] defeat the Gauls.
|-
|[[Battle of Sellasia]] || Defeat of [[Cleomenes III]] of [[Sparta]] by [[Antigonus Doson]] of [[Macedon]] and the [[Achaean League]].
|-
|[[Battle of Dai]] || [[Qin (state)|Qin]] under [[Qin Shihuang]] defeat the army of and eliminate the [[Zhou dynasty]] in their [[Qin's wars of unification|unification of China]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |219 BC
||[[Illyro-Roman Wars|Siege of Dimallum]] || Romans take city from Illyrians and defeat forces of [[Demetrius of Pharos]].
|-
| [[Siege of Saguntum]] || [[Hannibal]] of Carthage lays siege to the city of [[Saguntum]] in Spain, marking the start of the [[Second Punic War]].
|-
| rowspan="6" |218 BC
||[[Battle of Lilybaeum]] || Roman naval forces under Amellius defeat the Carthaginians, ending their attempts to colonize Sicily.
|-
|[[Capture of Malta (218 BC)|Capture of Malta]]
|Roman forces capture Malta 
|-
||[[Battle of Rhone Crossing]] || [[Hannibal]] defeats the [[Volcae]] Gauls, staying undefeated in his march for Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of the Ticinus]] || November – [[Hannibal]] defeats the Romans under [[Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)|Publius Cornelius Scipio]] the elder in a small cavalry fight.
|-
||[[Battle of the Trebia]]  || [[Hannibal]] defeats the Romans under [[Tiberius Sempronius Longus (consul 218 BCE)|Tiberius Sempronius Longus]], who had foolishly attacked.
|-
||[[Battle of Cissa]]|| Roman forces defeat a Catharginian army under Hanno, controlling the territory north of Ebro river.
|-
|rowspan=5 valign=top|217 BC ||[[Battle of Raphia]] || 22 June – [[Antiochus III the Great]] is defeated by [[Ptolemy IV]].
|-
|| [[Battle of Lake Trasimene]] || 24 June – In an ambush, Hannibal destroys the Roman army of [[Gaius Flaminius (consul 223 BC)|Gaius Flaminius]], who is killed.
|-
||[[Battle of Ebro River]] || Roman naval forces destroy a Carthaginian fleet under [[Himilco]], weakening Carthage's influence in Iberia.
|-
||[[Battle of Ager Falernus]] || [[Hannibal]] defeats Roman forces under [[Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus|Quintus Fabius Maximus]].
|-
||[[Battle of Geronium]] || [[Hannibal]] fights Roman forces in Apulia, resulting in a strategic draw.
|-
| rowspan="3" valign="top" |216 BC ||[[Battle of Cannae]] ||  2 August – [[Hannibal]] destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art.
|-
|[[Battle of Silva Litana]] 
|Gallic [[Boii]] tribe ambush and destroy a Roman army
|-
||[[First Battle of Nola]] || The Roman general [[Marcus Claudius Marcellus]] holds off an attack by Hannibal.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|215 BC ||[[Battle of Ibera]]|| A Roman army under [[Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus]] and [[Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)|Publius Cornelius Scipio]] destroys Carthaginian forces under [[Hasdrubal (Barcid)|Hasdrubal]].
|-
||[[Second Battle of Nola]] || Marcellus again repulses an attack by Hannibal.
|-
||[[Battle of Decimomannu]]|| Roman forces under Torquatus defeat a Carthaginian army under [[Hasdrubal the Bald]] in Sardinia.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|214 BC ||[[Third Battle of Nola]] || Marcellus fights an inconclusive battle with Hannibal.
|-
||[[Battle of Beneventum (214 BC)|Battle of Beneventum]] || [[Tiberius Gracchus]]' slave legions defeat [[Hanno, son of Bomilcar]] and, therefore, deny [[Hannibal]] his reinforcements.
|-
||[[Siege of Syracuse (214–212 BC)|Siege of Syracuse]] || The Roman general [[Marcus Claudius Marcellus|Marcellus]]' forces being kept at bay by the inventions of [[Archimedes]].
|-
|rowspan=5 valign=top|212 BC ||[[Battle of Tarentum (212 BC)|Battle of Tarentum]] || [[Hannibal]] defeats a Roman army in southern Italy, strengthening his situation in Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of Capua (212 BC)|First Battle of Capua]] || Hannibal defeats the Consuls Q. Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes.
|-
||[[Battle of Beneventum (212 BC)|Battle of Beneventum]] || [[Quintus Fulvius Flaccus (consul 237 BC)|Quintus Fulvius Flaccus]] defeats Hanno (son of Bomilcar) in Southern Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of the Silarus]] || Hannibal destroys the army of the Roman praetor M. Centenius Penula.
|-
||[[Battle of Herdonia]] || Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|211 BC ||[[Battle of the Upper Baetis]] || [[Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)|Publius]] and [[Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus|Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio]] are killed in battle with the Carthaginians under Hannibal's brother [[Hasdrubal Barca]].
|-
||[[Second Battle of Capua]]|| Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
|-
||[[Siege of Sardis (211 BC)]]|| [[Seleucid Empire]] defeats and executes the usurper [[Achaeus (general)|Achaeus]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|210 BC ||[[Second Battle of Herdonia]] || Hannibal destroys the Roman army of [[Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus Maximus|Fulvius Centumalus]], who is killed.
|-
||[[Battle of Numistro]] || Hannibal defeats Marcellus once more.
|-
| rowspan="5" valign="top" |209 BC ||[[First Battle of Lamia]] || [[Philip V of Macedon]] defeats an Aetolian force under Phyrrhias.
|-
||[[Second Battle of Lamia]] || Philip V of Macedon again defeats Phyrrhias.
|-
||[[Battle of Canusium|Battle of Asculum]] || Hannibal once again defeats Marcellus, in an indecisive battle.
|-
||[[Battle of Tarentum (209 BC)|Battle of Tarentum]]|| [[Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus|Quintus Fabius Maximus]] defeats Hannibal's forces.
|-
|[[Battle of Mount Labus]]
|[[Seleucid Empire|Seleucids]] defeat and subjugate the [[Parthian Empire|Parthians]] 
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|208 BC ||[[Battle of Baecula]] || The Romans in Spain under [[Scipio Africanus Major|P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger]] defeat [[Hasdrubal Barca]].
|-
||[[Siege of Bactra]] || The [[Seleucid Empire]] defeats the [[Greco-Bactria]]ns under [[Euthydemus I|Euthydemus]].
|-
||[[Battle of the Arius]] || Antiochus III defeats the [[Greco-Bactria]]ns.
|-
|rowspan=5 valign=top|207 BC ||[[Battle of Grumentum]] || The Roman general [[Gaius Claudius Nero]] fights an indecisive battle with Hannibal, then escapes north to confront Hannibal's brother [[Hasdrubal Barca]], who has invaded Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of Julu]] || [[Xiang Yu]] destroys the main [[Qin dynasty|Qin]] army for control of China.
|-
||[[Battle of the Metaurus]] || |Hasdrubal is defeated and killed by Nero's Roman army.
|-
||[[Battle of Cartagena (207 BC)|Battle of Cartagena]] || [[Scipio Africanus Major]] destroys the Catharginian city of Cartagena in Iberia.
|-
||[[Battle of Mantinea (207 BC)|Battle of Mantinea]] || [[Philopoemen]] of the [[Achaean League]] defeats the [[Sparta]]ns under [[Machanidas]], who is killed.
|-
|valign=top|206 BC ||[[Battle of Ilipa]] || Scipio again decisively defeats the remaining Carthaginian forces in Spain.
|-
| rowspan="3" valign="top" |205 BC ||[[Battle of Pengcheng]] || Chu defeats Han under [[Liu Bang]].
|-
||[[Battle of Anyi]] || Han defeats Wei.
|-
||[[Battle of Jingxing]] || [[Han Xin]], with an army of 30,000 levies, defeats a numerically larger army of the [[Zhao (state)|Zhao]] near [[Jingxing Pass|Jingxing]] ([[Jing Gorge]]), killing [[Chen Yu (Zhao)|Chen Yu]] and capturing [[Zhao Xie]], the Prince of Zhao.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top| 204 BC || [[Battle of Crotona]] || Hannibal fights a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of Utica (204 BC)|Battle of Utica]]|| [[Scipio Africanus]] fights the Carthaginians and Numidians, ending in a draw.
|-
||[[Battle of Wei River]] || [[Han Xin]] defeats a joint Qi and Western Chu army by building a temporary dam, luring his enemies into the river, and opening the dam to drown them.
|-
| rowspan="5" valign="top" |203 BC ||[[Battle of Utica (203 BC)|Battle of Utica]] || [[Scipio Africanus|Publius Cornelius Scipio]] decisively defeats Carthage under [[Hasdrubal Gisco|Hasdrubal]].
|-
||[[Battle of the Great Plains]]|| The Romans under Scipio defeat the Carthaginian army of [[Hasdrubal Gisco]] and [[Syphax]]. Hannibal is sent to return to Africa.
|-
||[[Battle of Cirta]]|| Roman forces sack the Numidian capital, decisively defeating Carthage's ally.
|-
||[[Po Valley Raid]]|| Roman forces under Varus and Cethegus defeat [[Mago (Barcid)|Mago]] of Carthage, ending the Second Punic War in Italy.
|-
||[[Battle of Gaixia]]|| The [[Han dynasty|Han]] forces led by [[Liu Bang]], who was later to become Emperor of China, defeats their [[Chu (state)|Chu]] opponents.
|-
| valign="top" |202 BC ||[[Battle of Zama]] || [[Scipio Africanus Major]] decisively defeats [[Hannibal]] in North Africa, ending the [[Second Punic War]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|201 BC ||[[Battle of Chios (201 BC)|Battle of Chios]] || [[Philip V of Macedon]] is defeated at sea by the Rhodians and Pergamenes.
|-
||[[Battle of Lade (201 BC)|Battle of Lade]] || [[Philip V of Macedon]] defeats Cleonaeus of Rhodes in a naval battle.
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|200 BC ||[[Battle of Cremona (200 BC)|Battle of Cremona]] || Roman forces defeat the Gauls of [[Cisalpine Gaul]].
|-
||[[Battle of Baideng]]|| The army of [[Han China]], attempting to conquer the [[Xiongnu]] people living to the north, is defeated and the Chinese Emperor is almost captured.
|-
||[[Battle of Panium]] || [[Antiochus III the Great]] secures the conquest of Syria and Israel from Egypt with this victory.
|}

==2nd century BC==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|valign=top|198 BC ||[[Battle of the Aous (198 BC)|Battle of the Aous]] || Roman forces under [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus]] defeat the Macedonians under [[Philip V of Macedon|Philip V]].
|-
|valign=top|197 BC  ||[[Battle of Cynoscephalae]] || Romans under Flamininus decisively defeat Philip in Thessaly.
|-
| rowspan="2" |195 BC
||[[Siege of Gythium]] || With assistance from Rome, Rhodes, and Macedon, [[Philopoemen]] of the [[Achaean League]] defeat the [[Sparta]]ns under [[Nabis of Sparta|Nabis]].
|-
|[[War against Nabis|Siege of Sparta]] 
|Romans and Achaeans occupy Sparta
|-
| valign="top" |194 BC || [[Battle of Placentia (194 BC)|Battle of Placentia]]|| Romans defeat Gauls.
|-
|193 BC
||[[Battle of Mutina (193 BC)|Battle of Mutina]] || Roman victory over the Gauls, final Roman conquest of the [[Boii]] tribe.
|-
| rowspan="2" valign="top" |191 BC ||[[Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC)|Battle of Thermopylae]] || Romans under [[Manius Acilius Glabrio (consul 191 BC)|Manius Acilius Glabrio]] defeat [[Antiochus III the Great]] and force him to evacuate Greece.
|-
|[[Battle of Corycus]]||Romans defeat the Seleucids at sea
|-
|rowspan=3 valign=top|190 BC ||[[Battle of the Eurymedon (190 BC)|Battle of the Eurymedon]] || |Roman forces under [[Lucius Aemilius Regillus]] defeat a Seleucid fleet commanded by [[Hannibal]], fighting his last battle.
|-
||[[Battle of Myonessus]] || Another Seleucid fleet is defeated by the Romans.
|-
||[[Battle of Magnesia]] || December –  Romans under [[Scipio Asiaticus|Lucius Cornelius Scipio]] and his brother [[Scipio Africanus Major]] defeat [[Antiochus III the Great]] in the decisive victory of the war.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|189 BC ||[[Battle of Mount Olympus]]|| Roman and [[Pergamum]] forces crushingly defeat the [[Galatia]]ns.
|-
|[[Galatian War|Battle of Ancyra]] ||Rome once again defeats [[Galatia]]ns.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|181 BC ||[[Battle of Manlian Pass]]|| Romans defeat [[Celtiberians]]
|-
||[[Siege of Aebura]]|| Romans take city from [[Celtiberians]] during the [[First Celtiberian War]]
|-
|valign=top|180 BC ||[[Battle of Kali Sindhu]] || Indian [[Shunga Empire]] defeats [[Greco-Bactrians]] under [[Demetrius I of Bactria|Demetrius I]] near the [[Kali Sindh River]].
|-
|valign=top|171 BC ||[[Battle of Callicinus]] || [[Perseus of Macedon]] defeats a Roman army under Publius Licinius Crassus.
|-
|valign=top|169 BC ||[[Siege of Eucratideia]] || Stalemate between the [[Indo-Greek Kingdom]] and the [[Greco-Bactrian Kingdom]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|168 BC || [[Battle of Pydna]] ||  22 June – Romans under [[Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus]] defeat and capture Macedonian King Perseus, ending the [[Third Macedonian War]] and annexing Macedon for Rome.
|-
||[[Siege of Bassania]] || Illyrians take the allied Roman city of [[Bassania]].
|- 
|valign=top|167 BC ||[[Battle of Wadi Haramia]]|| Jewish rebels under [[Judas Maccabaeus]] deal a serious blow to the Seleucids, killing their leader [[Apollonius (Seleucid army)|Apollonius]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|166 BC ||[[Battle of Beth Horon (166 BC)]] || The Jewish rebel leader [[Judas Maccabaeus]] defeats the Seleucids.
|-
||[[Battle of Emmaus]] || Judas Maccabeus again defeats the Seleucids.
|-
|valign=top|164 BC ||[[Battle of Beth Zur]] || Another victory of Judas Maccabaeus over the Seleucids, leading to the recapture of [[Jerusalem]] by the rebels.
|-
|valign=top|162 BC ||[[Battle of Beth Zachariah]] || The Seleucid regent Lysias defeats the Jewish rebels.
|-
|valign=top|162 BC ||[[Battle of Vijithapura]] || Sri Lankan King [[Dutthagamani]] defeats encroaching South Indian King [[Ellalan]].
|-
|valign=top|161 BC ||[[Battle of Adasa]] || In his last victory, Judas Maccabaeus defeats and kills the Seleucid general [[Nicanor (Seleucid general)|Nicanor]].
|-
|valign=top|160 BC ||[[Battle of Elasa]] || Jewish leader [[Judas Maccabaeus]] is defeated and killed by the Seleucid army of Bacchides.
|-
|151 BC ||[[Battle of Oroscopa]] || Carthaginian expedition against [[Numidia]] is defeated. Rome would later use this as an excuse to begin the [[Third Punic War]]
|-
|{{circa}} 150 BC ||[[Battle of Vidarbha]] || [[Shunga Empire]] under [[Agnimitra]] annexes [[Vidarbha kingdom (Mauryan era)|Vidarbha]]
|-
|valign=top|149 BC ||[[Battle of Lake Tunis]] || Carthage defeats Roman advance.
|-
|valign=top|148 BC ||[[Battle of Pydna (148 BC)|Battle of Pydna]] || The forces of the Macedonian pretender [[Andriscus]] are defeated by the Romans under [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus]] in the decisive engagement of the [[Fourth Macedonian War]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|147 BC ||[[Battle of the Port of Carthage]] ||Carthage has small victory over Roman navy, but not enough to break the Roman blockade or advancement.
|-
||[[Battle of Nepheris (147 BC)|Battle of Nepheris]]|| Rome advances further on Carthage, defeating their army.
|-
| rowspan="3" valign="top" |146 BC ||[[Battle of Carthage (c.149 BC)]] || [[Scipio Africanus Minor]] captures and destroys Carthage, ending the [[Third Punic War]].
|-
|[[Battle of Scarpheia]]
|Romans defeat the Achaean League forces of [[Critolaus]], who is killed.
|-
||[[Battle of Corinth (146 BC)|Battle of Corinth]] || Achaean last stand against Romans under [[Lucius Mummius]] fails. Greece comes under direct Roman rule.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|145 BC ||[[Battle of the Oenoparus]]|| [[Ptolemy VI of Egypt|Ptolemy VI Philometor]] defeats the Seleucid usurper [[Alexander Balas]], but is killed in the fighting.
|-
|[[Vidarbha kingdom (Mauryan era)|Battle of Vidarbha]] || [[Shunga Empire]] under King [[Agnimitra]] defeat the Vidarbha Kingdom.
|-
|valign=top|135 BC ||[[Battle on the Sindhu River]] || [[Shunga Empire]] defeats [[Indo-Greek Kingdom]].
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|133 BC ||[[Siege of Numantia]]|| Roman forces under [[Scipio Aemilianus]] defeat the [[Celtiberians]] and sack their capital city.
|-
||[[Battle of Mayi]]|| Aborted ambush mission by the Han against invading [[Xiongnu]] forces.
|-
|valign=top|129 BC ||[[Battle of Ecbatana]] || The [[Seleucid]] King [[Antiochus VII Sidetes]] is defeated and killed by the Parthians under [[Phraates II]], ending any pretense of Seleucid control over Media or Mesopotamia.
|-
|rowspan=2 valign=top|121 BC ||[[Battle of Vindalium]]|| Romans defeat the [[Allobroges]] 
|-
|[[Battle of the Isère River]]|| Romans defeat a large Gallic army and take over [[Gallia Narbonensis]]
|-
|valign=top|119 BC ||[[Battle of Mobei]] || Han forces decisively defeat the Xiongnu army in the Gobi desert, more than 90,000 Xiongnus killed.
|-
|113 BC
|[[Siege of Cirta]]
|[[Jugurtha]] defeats [[Adherbal (king of Numidia)|Adherbal]] and takes over all of [[Numidia]]
|-
|valign=top|112 BC ||[[Battle of Noreia]] || Cimbrian victory against Rome during the [[Cimbrian War]].
|-
|110 BC
|[[Battle of Suthul]]
|Numidian victory in the [[Jugurthine War]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |109

BC
|[[Battle of the Muthul]] || Roman forces under Caecilius Metellus defeat the forces of [[Jugurtha]] of [[Numidia]].
|-
|[[Siege of Zama]]
|Rome besieges Zama
|-
| rowspan="2" |108 BC
||[[Battle of Loulan]]|| Han forces defeat [[Loulan Kingdom]].
|-
|[[Siege of Thala]]
|Rome besieges Thala
|-
|107 BC ||[[Battle of Burdigala]]|| Alliance of Germanic and Celtic tribes led by [[Divico]] defeat the Romans and kill [[Lucius Cassius Longinus (consul 107 BC)|Lucius Cassius Longinus]] and [[Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (consul 112 BC)|Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus]].
|-
|106 BC
|[[Second Battle of Cirta]]
|[[Gaius Marius]] defeats Numidia and [[Mauretania Tingitana|Mauretania]] and captures [[Cirta]]
|-
|valign=top|105 BC ||[[Battle of Arausio]] || 6 October – [[Cimbri]] inflict a major defeat on the Roman army of [[Gnaeus Mallius Maximus]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |103 BC ||[[Second Servile War|Battle of Scirthaea]] || Praetor [[Lucius Licinius Lucullus (praetor 104 BC)|Lucius Licinius Lucullus]] defeats the slave army of [[Salvius Tryphon]] in an open field.
|-
|[[Second Servile War|Siege of Triocala]] || Lucullus besieges the slave stronghold but ends the siege after finding out he had been replaced.
|-
|[[Battle of Asophon]] ||Pharaoh [[Ptolemy IX Soter]] defeats [[Alexander Jannaeus]] of the [[Hasmonean Kingdom]] then plunders Judea.
|-
|rowspan="2"|102 BC ||[[Battle of Tridentum]] || Rome has a tactical withdrawal from combat with the [[Cimbri]].
|-
||[[Battle of Aquae Sextiae]]|| The Romans under [[Gaius Marius]] defeat the [[Teutons]].
|-
|valign=top|101 BC ||[[Battle of Vercellae]] || The Romans under Marius defeat the [[Cimbri]], who are entirely annihilated.
|}

==1st century BC==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|99 BC ||[[Battle of Tian Shan]] ||[[Xiongnu]] defeat Han dynasty.
|-
|93 BC ||[[Battle of Gadara]] ||[[Nabataean Kingdom]] under [[Obodas I]] ambush and defeat [[Hasmonean Kingdom]] under [[Alexander Jannaeus]] in the [[Transjordan (region)|Transjordan]].
|-
|91 BC
|[[Battle of Mount Falernus]]
|Romans defeated during the [[Social War (91–87 BC)|Social War]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |90 BC ||[[Battle of Aesernia]]||Romans under [[Lucius Julius Caesar (consul 90 BC)]] defeated by Italian rebels during the [[Social War (91–87 BC)|Social War]].
|-
|[[Battle of Acerrae]]||Romans defeat Italians rebels led by [[Gaius Papius Mutilus]] during the [[Social War (91–87 BC)|Social War]].
|-
| rowspan="5" |89 BC ||[[Battle of Fucine Lake]] || Roman forces under [[Lucius Porcius Cato]] are defeated by the Italian rebels in the [[Social War (91–87 BC)|Social War]].
|-
|[[Battle of Asculum (89 BC)|Battle of Asculum]] || The Roman army of C. Pompeius Strabo decisively defeats the rebels in the Social War.
|-
|[[Battle of the Aufidus]] 
|Romans defeat Samnite army
|-
|[[Battle of the River Amnias]] || Mithridatic forces defeat [[Nicomedes IV of Bithynia]].
|-
|[[Battle of Protopachium]]
|[[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates]] decisively defeats a Roman army and occupies Asia Minor
|-
|88 BC
|[[Battle of Mount Scorobas]]|| Mithridatic forces under [[Archelaus (Pontic army officer)|Archelaus]] defeat the Romans under [[Manius Aquillius (consul 101 BC)|Manius Aquilius]].
|-
|87 – 86 BC ||[[Siege of Athens and Piraeus (87–86 BC)|Siege of Athens and Piraeus]]|| Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeats the combined forces of Athens and Pontus at Athens.
|-
| rowspan="2" |86 BC ||[[Battle of Tenedos (86 BC)|Battle of Tenedos]]|| Naval victory for [[Lucullus|Lucius Licinius Lucullus]] during the First Mithridatic War.
|-
|[[Battle of Chaeronea (86 BC)|Battle of Chaeronea]] || The Roman forces of [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla]] defeat the Pontic forces of Archelaus in the [[First Mithridatic War]].
|-
|85 BC ||[[Battle of Orchomenus]] || Sulla again defeats Archelaus in the decisive battle of the First Mithridatic War.
|-
|84 BC ||[[Battle of Cana]] || [[Nabataean Kingdom]] under [[Obodas I]] defeats the [[Seleucid Empire]] and kills their king [[Antiochus XII Dionysus]].
|-
|83 BC ||[[Battle of Mount Tifata]] || Sulla defeats the Popular forces of Caius Norbanus in the First Roman Civil War.
|-
| rowspan="2" |82 BC
|[[Battle of Sacriportus]] 
|Sulla defeats army of [[Gaius Marius the Younger]]
|-
|[[Battle of the Colline Gate (82 BC)|Battle of the Colline Gate]] || November – [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla|Sulla]] defeats [[Samnites]] allied to the Popular party in Rome in the decisive battle of the Civil War.
|-
|80 BC ||[[Battle of the Baetis River]] || Rebel forces under Quintus [[Sertorius]] defeat the legal Roman forces of Lucius Fulfidias in Spain.
|-
|76 BC ||[[Battle of Lauron]] || Sertorius defeats the army of [[Pompey]]
|-
|75 BC ||[[Battle of Saguntum (75 BC)|Battle of Saguntum]] || Last pitched battle in the [[Sertorian War]]
|-
|74 BC ||[[Battle of Chalcedon (74 BC)|Battle of Chalcedon]] || [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]] defeats Romans under [[Marcus Aurelius Cotta (consul 74 BC)|Marcus Aerelius Cotta]].
|-
| rowspan="4" |73 BC ||[[Battle of Mount Vesuvius]]|| Slave army under [[Spartacus]] defeats Romans under [[Gaius Claudius Glaber]].
|-
|[[Battle of Cyzicus (74 BC)|Battle of Cyzicus]]|| Roman forces under [[Lucius Lucullus]] inflict a heavy defeat on the forces of [[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates VI]] of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Rhyndacus (73 BC)]] || Romans under Lucullus defeat Mithridates again.
|-
|[[Battle of Lemnos (73 BCE)|Battle of Lemnos]]
|Roman fleet defeats Pontic fleet
|-
|72 BC ||[[Battle of Cabira]] || Lucullus again defeats Mithridates, overrunning [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]].
|-
|72-71 BC||[[Siege of Heraclea]]||Romans capture [[Heraclea Pontica]]
|-
|72-69 BC||[[Siege of Knossos]]||Romans capture [[Crete]]
|-
|rowspan="2" |71 BC ||[[Battle of Cantenna]]|| Romans under [[Marcus Licinius Crassus]] defeat slave armies, killing their leaders [[Gannicus]] and [[Castus (rebel)|Castus]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Silarius River]]|| Roman forces led by [[Marcus Licinius Crassus]] decisively defeat the slave army of [[Spartacus]], who dies in the battle. End of the [[Servile Wars]].
|-
|69 BC ||[[Battle of Tigranocerta]]|| Lucullus defeats the army of [[Tigranes II of Armenia]], who was harboring his father-in-law Mithridates VI of Pontus.
|-
|68 BC ||[[Battle of Artaxata]] || Lucullus again defeats Tigranes.
|-
| rowspan="3" |67 BC ||[[Battle of Korakesion]] || Naval battle between pirates and [[Pompey]]'s Fleet, ending in a decisive victory against piracy in the Mediterranean.
|-
|[[Battle of Jushi]] || [[Han dynasty|Han]] troops defeat the [[Xiongnu]], seizing the city of [[Turpan|Jiaohe]].
|-
|[[Battle of Zela (67 BC)]]
|[[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates VI]] retakes his kingdom from [[Roman Republic|Rome]]
|-
|66 BC ||[[Battle of the Lycus]] || [[Pompey the Great]] decisively defeats Mithridates VI, effectively ending the [[Third Mithridatic War]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |65 BC
|[[Battle of the Pelorus]]
|Pompey defeats the Iberians
|-
|[[Battle of the Abas]]
|Pompey defeats the Albanians 
|-
|63 BC ||[[Battle of Magetobriga]] ||  The Gallic [[Sequani]] and [[Averni]] tribes and Germanic [[Suebi]] tribe led by [[Ariovistus]] defeat the Gallic [[Aedui]] tribe, which appeals to the [[Roman Senate]] for aid, which becomes a basis which leads to the [[Gallic Wars]]. 
|-
|63 BC ||[[Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)|Siege of Jerusalem]] ||Romans under [[Pompey]] defeat the [[Hasmonean Kingdom]] and incorporate [[Judea]] into the [[Roman Republic]].
|-
|62 BC ||[[Battle of Pistoria]] || January – The forces of the conspirator [[Catiline]] are defeated by the loyal Roman armies under Gaius Antonius.
|- 
|61 BC ||[[Battle of Histria]] || [[Bastarnae]] and [[Scythians]] defeat the Roman consul [[Gaius Antonius Hybrida]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |58 BC ||[[Battle of the Arar]] || June – [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] defeats the migrating [[Helvetii]].
|-
|[[Battle of Bibracte]]|| July – Caesar again defeats the Helvetii, this time decisively.
|-
|[[Battle of Vosges (58 BC)|Battle of Vosges]]|| Caesar decisively defeats the forces of the [[Germanic chieftain]] [[Ariovistus]] near modern [[Belfort]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |57 BC ||[[Battle of the Axona]]|| Caesar defeats the forces of the [[Belgae]] under King Galba of Suessiones.
|-
|[[Battle of the Sabis]]|| Caesar defeats the [[Nervii]].
|-
|[[Siege of the Atuatuci]]|| Caesar conquers the [[Atuatuci]] in modern-day Belgium after sieging their capital. 4,000 were killed and the rest sold into slavery.
|-
|57-56 BC ||[[Battle of Octodurus]] || Rome under [[Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC)|Servius Sulpicius Galba]] defeats the [[Seduni]] and [[Veragri]] tribes of Switzerland, but the ferocity of the battle led to the legion subsequently moving out of the Alps.
|-
|53 BC ||[[Battle of Carrhae]] || The Roman [[Triumvir]] [[Crassus]] is defeated and killed by the [[Parthia]]ns.
|-
| rowspan="5" |52 BC ||[[Battle of Bovillae]] || The gangs of [[Clodius]] and [[Titus Annius Milo|Milo]] clash surprisingly, leading to the death of Clodius.
|-
|[[Avaricum|Siege of Avaricum]] || [[Julius Caesar]] defeats [[Vercingetorix]].
|-
|[[Battle of Gergovia]] || [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] is defeated by the Gallic leader [[Vercingetorix]].
|-
|[[Battle of Lutetia]] || Romans under [[Titus Labienus]] defeat Gauls under Camulogene
|-
|[[Battle of Alesia]] || [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] defeats [[Vercingetorix]], completing the Roman conquest of Transalpine Gaul.
|-
|51 BC||[[Siege of Uxellodunum]] || Caesar destroys the last Gallic tribes resisting Rome
|-
| rowspan="9" |49 BC ||[[Siege of Corfinium]]|| [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] captures town of [[Corfinium]] on way to catch [[Pompey]] in Southern Italy. First Major engagement in [[Caesar's Civil War]]
|-
|[[Siege of Brundisium]]|| Caesar captures port town of [[Brindisi|Brundisium]] on the [[Adriatic Sea]]. He fails to catch Pompey, who escapes to Greece.
|-
|[[Siege of Massilia]]|| [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] besieges and captures Massilia, resulting in the absorption of the city into the Republic.
|-
|[[Battle of Ilerda]]||[[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] defeats the Spanish army of Pompey under [[Lucius Afranius (consul)|Lucius Afranius]] and [[Marcus Petreius]].
|-
|[[Battle of Tauroento]]||Caesar's fleet blockading Massilia under [[Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus]] defeat the Massilian fleet and a reinforcing pompeian one under [[Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 54 BC)|Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus]] and [[Quintus Nasidius]] in a naval battle, in which the Massilian fleet is destroyed and the Pompeians retreat. 
|-
|[[Siege of Curicta]]||Pompeians under [[Lucius Scribonius Libo (consul 34 BC)|Lucius Scribonius Libo]] and [[Marcus Octavius (aedile 50 BC)|Marcus Octavius]] defeat a naval force and starve the Caesarian army under [[Gaius Antonius (brother of Mark Antony)|Gaius Antonius]] and [[Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 44 BC)|Publius Cornelius Dolabella]], both of whom are captured.
|-
|[[Battle of Utica (49 BC)]] || [[Gaius Scribonius Curio (praetor 49 BC)|Gaius Scribonius Curio]] defeats the Numidians in North Africa, cutting off supplies to [[Attius Varus]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Bagradas River (49 BC)|Battle of the Bagradas River]] || 24 August – Caesar's general Gaius Curio is defeated in North Africa by the Pompeians under Attius Varus and King [[Juba I of Numidia]]. Curio is killed in battle.
|-
|[[Siege of Salona]]||Caesarians in [[Salona]] repel an assault by the Pompeians under [[Marcus Octavius (aedile 50 BC)|Marcus Octavius]].
|-
| rowspan="5" |48 BC ||[[Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)]] || 10 July – Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
|-
|[[Siege of Oricum]]||Caesar captures [[Oricum]]
|-
|[[Siege of Gomphi]]||Caesar captures town of Gomphi after they refuse to open their gates.
|-
|[[Battle of Pharsalus]] || Julius Caesar decisively defeats [[Pompey]], who flees to Egypt.
|-
| [[Battle of Nicopolis (48 BC)]]
|[[Pharnaces II of Pontus]] decisively defeats a Roman army under [[Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus|Calvinus]].
|-
| rowspan="4" |47 BC ||[[Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)]]|| [[Ptolemy XIII]] lays an unsuccessful siege on Alexandria to defeat [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] and his sister [[Cleopatra VII]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Nile (47 BC)|Battle of the Nile]] || |February – Caesar defeats the forces of the Egyptian king [[Ptolemy XIII]].
|-
|[[Battle of Zela]] || August – Caesar defeats [[Pharnaces II of Pontus|Pharnaces II]] of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]]. This is the battle where he famously said ''Veni, vidi, vici.'' (I came, I saw, I conquered.).
|-
| [[Battle of Tauris]]||[[Publius Vatinius|Publius Vatiniu]]s defeats Pompeian fleet under [[Marcus Octavius (aedile 50 BC)|Marcus Octavius]] raiding off the coast of [[Dalmatia (Roman province)|Dalmatia]]. 
|-
| rowspan="5" |46 BC ||[[Battle of Ruspina]] || 4 January – Caesar loses perhaps as much as a third of his army to [[Titus Labienus]].
|-
|[[The Battle of Ascurum|Battle of Ascurum]] 
|[[Gnaeus Pompeius (son of Pompey the Great)|Pompey the Younger]] is defeated by the [[Mauretania]]ns 
|-
|[[Battle of Thapsus]] || 6 February – Caesar defeats the Pompeian army of Metellus Scipio in North Africa.
|-
|[[Battle of Hippo Regius]]
|Pompeian fleet of Scipio destroyed by [[Publius Sittius]]
|-
|[[Battle of Carteia (46 BC)|Battle of Carteia]]
|Pompeian fleet of [[Publius Attius Varus|Attius Varus]] destroyed
|-
| rowspan="4" |45 BC ||[[Battle of Munda]] || 17 March – In his last victory, Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompey the Younger in Spain. Labienus is killed in the battle 
|-
|[[Battle of Lauro]]
|Pompey the Younger is captured and executed by [[Lucius Caesennius Lento|Luciuis Caesennius Lento]]
|-
| [[Siege of Corduba]]
| Caesar captures city of Corduba from [[Sextus Pompey]] 
|-
| [[Siege of Apamea]]
| Caesars supporters fail to capture Pompeian town of [[Apamea, Syria|Apamea]] in [[Roman Syria|Syria]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |43 BC ||[[Battle of Forum Gallorum]] || 14 April – Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in [[Mutina]], defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius
|-
|[[Battle of Mutina]] || 21 April – Antony is again defeated in battle by Hirtius, who is killed. Although Antony fails to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly thereafter.
|-
| rowspan="2" |42 BC ||[[First Battle of Philippi]] || 3 October – The [[Triumvir]]s [[Mark Antony]] and [[Augustus|Octavian]] fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins [[Marcus Brutus]] and [[Gaius Cassius Longinus|Cassius]]. Although Brutus defeats Octavian, Antony defeats Cassius, who commits suicide.
|-
|[[Second Battle of Philippi]] || 23 October – Brutus's army is decisively defeated by Antony and Octavian. Brutus escapes, but commits suicide soon after.
|-
|40 BC ||[[Battle of Perugia]] || Mark Antony's brother [[Lucius Antonius (brother of Mark Antony)|Lucius Antonius]] and Mark Anthony's wife [[Fulvia]] are defeated by Octavian. Fulvia is exiled.
|-
| rowspan="2" |39 BC |||[[Battle of the Cilician Gates]]|| [[Publius Ventidius Bassus]] inflicts a decisive defeat on a joint [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]]-[[Pompeian]] invasion force, which results in their retreat, the capture and execution of the Pompeian leader [[Quintus Labienus]] and the re-absorption of his soldiers back into the Roman Army.
|-
|[[Battle of Amanus Pass]] || Bassus again decisively vanquishes the Parthians, forcing them out of the Roman East and beginning to restore Roman rule to Syria and Judaea.
|-
|38 BC ||[[Battle of Mount Gindarus]] || Bassus [[Pompeian–Parthian invasion of 40 BC|completes a trilogy of victories]] over the Parthians by crushing and turning back a new Parthian invasion led by [[Pacorus I|Pacorus]], son of King [[Orodes II|Orodes]], with Pacorus being killed in the battle.
|-
| 37 BC ||[[Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)|Siege of Jerusalem]] || With Roman assistance, [[Herod the Great]] defeats [[Antigonus II Mattathias]] and ends the [[Hasmonean Kingdom]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |36 BC ||[[Battle of Naulochus]]|| Octavian's fleet, under the command of [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] defeats the forces of [[Sextus Pompey]].
|-
|[[Battle of Zhizhi]] || [[Han dynasty|Han]] forces defeat the [[Xiongnu]] and kill their chieftain [[Zhizhi]].
|-
|31 BC ||[[Battle of Actium]] || 2 September – [[Augustus|Octavian]] decisively defeats Antony and [[Cleopatra VII of Egypt|Cleopatra]] in a naval battle near Greece
|-
|30 BC ||[[Battle of Alexandria (30 BC)|Battle of Alexandria]] || 31 July – [[Mark Antony]] achieves a minor victory over [[Augustus|Octavian]]'s forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
|-
|rowspan="2"|25 BC ||[[Siege of Aracillum]] || Romans defeat the [[Cantabri]] in northern Spain.
|-
|[[Battle of Vellica]] || Romans led by Emperor [[Augustus]] defeat the [[Cantabri]].
|-
|23 BC ||[[Siege of Napata]] ||Romans siege and raze the [[Kingdom of Kush|Kushite]] city of [[Napata]] in Nubia to stop attacks from Queen [[Amanirenas]].
|-
|15 BC ||[[Battle of Lake Constance]] || Small naval battle between Romans under the future emperor [[Tiberius]] and [[Celts|Celtic tribes]] on [[Lake Constance]] in the Northern [[Alps]].
|-
|rowspan="2"|11 BC ||[[Battle of Arbalo]] || Romans under [[Nero Claudius Drusus|Drusus]] defeat the Germanic tribes.
|-
|[[Battle of the Lupia River]] || Roman forces under [[Augustus]]'s stepson [[Nero Claudius Drusus|Drusus]] win a victory in Germany.
|}

==1st century==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|9 ||[[Battle of the Teutoburg Forest]] || The German leader [[Arminius]] destroys the Roman legions of [[Publius Quinctilius Varus]].
|-
|15 ||[[Battle at Pontes Longi]] || Inconclusive battle between Rome and Germanic tribes. 
|-
| rowspan="2" |16 ||[[Battle of the Weser River]] || Legions under [[Germanicus]] defeat German tribes of [[Arminius]].
|-
|[[Battle of the Angrivarian Wall]] || Legions under [[Germanicus]] again defeat German tribes under [[Arminius]].
|-
|23 ||[[Battle of Kunyang]] || After being sieged for 2 months, 9,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of [[Wang Mang]]'s troops, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of the [[Han dynasty]].
|-
|28 ||[[Battle of Baduhenna Wood]] || After a stalemate battle with the [[Frisii]], Romans withdraw from northern [[Holland]].
|-
|43 ||[[Battle of the Medway]] || [[Claudius]] and general [[Aulus Plautius]] defeat a confederation of British [[Celtic tribes]]. [[Roman invasion of Britain]] begins.
|-
|49 ||[[Siege of Uspe]] || Rome-allied [[Aorsi]] defeat the [[Siraces]], [[Roman–Bosporan War]] ends soon after.
|-
|50 ||[[Battle of Caer Caradock]] || The British chieftain [[Caratacus|Caractacus]] is defeated and captured by the Romans under Ostorius Scapula.
|-
|58 ||[[Battle between the Hermunduri and the Chatti|Salt Battle]] || Germanic [[Hermunduri]] tribe defeat Germanic [[Chatti]] tribe over control of the [[Main (river)|Main River]].
|-
|60-61 ||[[Battle of Camulodunum]] || A [[Ancient Britons|British]] horde led by [[Boudica]] crushes most of the IX Legion under [[Quintus Petillius Cerialis]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |61 ||[[Battle of Watling Street]] || The uprising of the British queen [[Boudica]] against the Romans is defeated by [[Suetonius Paullinus]].
|-
|[[Roman–Parthian War of 58–63|Siege of Tigranocerta]] || Parthians siege Roman city until truce agreed to, said truce was extremely brief.
|-
|62 ||[[Battle of Rhandeia]] || Romans under [[Lucius Caesennius Paetus]] are defeated by a Parthian-Armenian army under [[Tiridates I of Armenia|King Tiridates]] of Parthia.
|-
|66 ||[[Battle of Beth Horon (66)]] || Jewish rebels defeat a Roman legion, bringing about one of Rome's most severe defeats against rebels in their history.
|-
| rowspan="2" |67 ||[[Siege of Yodfat]]|| Roman forces under [[Vespasianus]] and [[Titus]] sack Yodfat after 47 days, killing most of its inhabitants and enslaving the rest.
|-
|[[Siege of Gamla]]|| City of [[Gamla]] besieged by Rome during the [[First Jewish-Roman War]].
|-
|68
|[[Battle of Vesontio (68)|Battle of Vensontio]]
|Governor of [[Germania Superior]] [[Lucius Verginius Rufus]] defeats the rebellion of [[Gaius Julius Vindex]] 
|-
| rowspan="3" |69 ||[[Battle of Bedriacum]] || 14 April – [[Vitellius]], commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor [[Otho]] and seizes the throne.
|-
|[[Second Battle of Bedriacum]] || 24 October – Forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies loyal to [[Vespasian]], defeat the forces of Emperor [[Vitellius]].
|-
|[[Battle of Locus Castorum]] || Armies of Emperors [[Otho]] and [[Vitellius]] clash in northern Italy, ending in victory for Otho's forces.
|-
|70 ||[[Siege of Jerusalem (70)]] || [[Titus]] lays siege to Jerusalem for 7 months, killing tens of thousands of Jews and destroying the [[Second Temple of Jerusalem]].
|-
|71 ||[[Battle of Stanwick]] || Roman forces defeat the [[Brigantes]].
|-
|73 ||[[Battle of Yiwulu]] || Part of an expedition against the [[Xiongnu]], ending in [[Han dynasty|Han]] victory.
|-
|74 ||[[Siege of Masada]] || Final Roman defeat of Jewish [[Sicarii]] rebels.
|-
|84 ||[[Battle of Mons Graupius]] || The Romans under [[Gnaeus Julius Agricola|Agricola]] defeat the Caledonians.
|-
|87-88 ||[[First Battle of Tapae]] || Battle between the Roman emperor [[Domitian]] and the [[Kingdom of Dacia]].
|-
|89 ||[[Battle of Ikh Bayan]]|| Part of an expedition against the [[Xiongnu]], decisive [[Han dynasty|Han]] victory with massive numbers of prisoners taken. Collapse of Xiongnu Empire.
|}

==2nd century==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|101 ||[[Second Battle of Tapae]] || [[Trajan]] defeats [[Decebalus]], ending [[Trajan's Dacian Wars]].
|-
|102 ||[[Battle of Adamclisi]] || Trajan defeats [[Dacians]], [[Roxolani]], & [[Bastarnae]] in modern [[Romania]].
|-
|103 ||Battle of Gatae || [[Trajan]] defeats Dacians.
|-
|106 ||[[Battle of Sarmizegetusa]]|| Trajan victorious in the siege of the Dacian capital of [[Sarmizegetusa Regia|Sarmizegetusa]].
|-
|130 ||[[Battle of Venni]] || [[Cholas]] led by [[Karikala]] defeats confederacy of [[Pandya]] and [[Chera]] rulers.
|-
|140 ||[[Siege of Burnswark]] || Romans defeat [[Selgovae]] in southern Scotland.
|-
|163 ||[[Siege of Edessa (163)|Siege of Edessa]] || Parthians take city of [[Edessa]] from Rome.
|-
| rowspan="2" |165 ||[[Siege of Edessa (165)|Siege of Edessa]] || Romans retake city and massacre Parthian garrison.
|-
|[[Battle of Ctesiphon (165)|Battle of Ctesiphon]]|| Romans under [[Avidius Cassius]] defeat the Parthians, further weakening their Empire.
|-
|170 ||[[Battle of Carnuntum]] || Romans under [[Marcus Aurelius]] defeated by Marcomanni under [[Ballomar]] and their allies the Quadi tribe.
|-
|rowspan="2" |190 ||[[Battle of Xingyang (190)|Battle of Xingyang]] || [[Dong Zhuo]] emerges victorious against [[Cao Cao]].
|-
|[[Battle of Venni]] ||[[Early Chola]] led by [[Karikala]] defeat a confederacy led by [[Pandya]] and [[Chera]] rulers.
|-
| rowspan="3" |191 ||[[Battle of Jieqiao]] || [[Yuan Shao]]'s infantry repulses a cavalry charge by rival warlord [[Gongsun Zan]].
|-
|[[Battle of Yangcheng]] || Yuan Shao was beaten back by [[Sun Jian]].
|-
|[[Battle of Xiangyang (191)|Battle of Xiangyang]] || [[Liu Biao]] emerges victorious against Sun Jian
|-
|192 ||[[Battle of Chang'an]] || Forces led by [[Li Jue (Han dynasty)|Li Jue]] and [[Guo Si]] defeat the assassins of [[Dong Zhuo]], [[Wang Yun (Han dynasty)|Wang Yun]] and [[Lü Bu]]. Wang Yun captured and executed.
|-
| rowspan="3" |193 ||[[Battle of Cyzicus (193)|Battle of Cyzicus]] || [[Septimius Severus]], the new Emperor, defeats his eastern rival [[Pescennius Niger]] in the [[Year of the Five Emperors]].
|-
|[[Battle of Nicaea]] || Severus again defeats Niger.
|-
|[[Battle of Fengqiu]] || Cao Cao emerges victorious against [[Yuan Shu]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |194 ||[[Battle of Issus (194)|Battle of Issus]] || Severus defeats Niger for the last time. 
|-
|[[Battle of Yan Province]] || Cao Cao and [[Lü Bu]] battle for control of the region.
|- 
| rowspan="2" |197 ||[[Battle of Lugdunum]] || 19 February – Emperor [[Septimius Severus]] defeats and kills his rival [[Clodius Albinus]], securing full control over the Empire.
|-
|[[War between Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu|Battle of Wancheng]] || Cao Cao flees after [[Zhang Xiu (warlord)|Zhang Xiu]] attacked.
|-
| rowspan="2" |198 ||[[Battle of Ctesiphon (198)]]|| Roman forces under [[Septimius Severus]] capture the Parthian capital, fatally weakening the Empire, leading to the rise of the [[Sassanids]].
|-
|[[Battle of Xiapi]] || Cao Cao and [[Liu Bei]] emerges victorious against Lü Bu.
|-
|199 ||[[Battle of Yijing]] || Yuan Shao emerges victorious against Gongsun Zan.
|-
|200 ||[[Battle of Guandu]] || [[Cao Cao]] defeats Yuan Shao's numerically superior army and secures domination of the North China plain.
|}

==3rd century==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Year
! class="unsortable" | Battle
! class="unsortable" | Description
|-
|202 ||[[Battle of Bowang]] || Liu Bei emerges victorious against [[Xiahou Dun]].
|-
|203 ||[[Siege of Garama]] || Romans led by Emperor [[Septimius Severus]] capture [[Germa|Garama]], the capital of the [[Garamantes]] but soon abandon it. 
|-
| rowspan="4" |208 || [[Battle of Xiakou]] || [[Sun Quan]] emerges victorious against [[Huang Zu]].
|-
|[[Battle of Changban]] || Cao Cao's cavalry catch [[Liu Bei]]'s forces, disperse his army, and capture most of his baggage train.
|-
|[[Battle of Red Cliffs]] || [[Three Kingdoms|War of Three Kingdoms]], [[Cao Cao]] failed to conquer lands of [[Sun Quan]] and [[Liu Bei]].
|-
|[[Battle of Yiling (208)|Battle of Yiling]] || Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|209 ||[[Battle of Jiangling (208)|Battle of Jiangling]] || Sun Quan & Liu Bei emerge victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|211 ||[[Battle of Tong Pass (211)|Battle of Tong Pass]] || Cao Cao emerges victorious against [[Ma Chao]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |213 ||[[Siege of Jicheng]] || Ma Chao emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|[[Battle of Lucheng]] || Yang Fu emerges victorious against Ma Chao.
|-
| rowspan="2" |215 ||[[Battle of Yangping]] || Cao Cao emerges victorious against [[Zhang Lu (Three Kingdoms)|Zhang Lu]].
|-
|[[Battle of Baxi]] ||| [[Zhang Fei]] emerges victorious against [[Zhang He]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |217 ||[[Battle of Nisibis (217)|Battle of Nisibis]] || [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] troops under [[Artabanus IV]] battle the new Roman Emperor [[Macrinus]] in southern Turkey, ending in a draw.
|-
|[[Battle of Ruxu (217)|Battle of Ruxu]] || Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|218 ||[[Battle of Antioch (218)|Battle of Antioch]] || [[Elagabalus|Varius Avitus]] defeats Emperor [[Macrinus]] to claim the throne under the name Elagabalus.
|-
| rowspan="3" |219 ||[[Battle of Mount Dingjun]] || Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|[[Battle of Han River]] || Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao.
|-
|[[Battle of Fancheng]] || [[Cao Ren]] emerges victorious against [[Guan Yu]].
|-
|222 ||[[Battle of Xiaoting]] || Liu Bei's invasion of [[Eastern Wu|Wu]] is repulsed by [[Sun Quan]]'s commander [[Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)|Lu Xun]].
|-
|224 ||[[Battle of Hormizdegan]]|| [[Sassanid]] forces defeat the [[Parthian Empire|Parthians]], killing King [[Artabanus IV]] and ending Parthian rule in the Middle East.
|-
| rowspan="4" |228 ||[[Xincheng Rebellion]] || [[Sima Yi]] emerges victorious against [[Meng Da]].
|-
|[[Battle of Tianshui]] || Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
|-
|[[Battle of Jieting]] || Part of the First [[Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions|Northern Expedition]].
|-
|[[Battle of Shiting]] || Wu emerges victorious against Wei.
|-
|229 ||[[Siege of Chencang]] || Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
|-
|231 ||[[Battle of Mount Qi]] || Shu victory against Wei, but strategic defeat.
|-
|234 ||[[Battle of Wuzhang Plains]] || Part of the Fifth Northern Expedition, [[Zhuge Liang]] dies.
|-
| rowspan="2" |235 ||[[Siege of Nisibis (235)|Siege of Nisbis]] || [[Sassanids]] capture city.
|-
|[[Battle at the Harzhorn]] ||Romans under [[Maximinus Thrax]] defeat Germanic tribes. 
|-
| rowspan="2" |238 ||[[Battle of Carthage (238)|Battle of Carthage]] || Troops loyal to the Roman Emperor [[Maximinus Thrax]] defeat and kill the usurper [[Gordian II]].
|-
|[[Siege of Aquileia]] || Senate has [[Maximinus Thrax]] killed and defeats his supporters.
|-
|240-241 ||[[Fall of Hatra]] || [[Sassanids]] take city and annex the [[Kingdom of Hatra]].
|-
|243 ||[[Battle of Resaena]] || Roman forces under [[Gordian III]] defeat the Persians under [[Shapur I of Persia|Shapur I]]. Gordian is either killed in battle or murdered before he can exploit his victory.
|-
| rowspan="2" |244||[[Battle of Misiche]]|| The [[Sassanids]] defeat Roman forces under [[Gordian III]], who is subsequently killed.
|-
|[[Battle of Xingshi]] || Shu emerges victorious against Wei.
|-
|249 ||[[Battle of Verona (249)|Battle of Verona]] || The usurper [[Decius]] defeats the army of the Emperor [[Philip the Arab]] and kills him in battle.
|-
| rowspan="3" |250 ||[[Battle of Philippopolis (250)|Battle of Philippopolis]] || King Cuiva of the [[Goths]] defeats a Roman army.
|-
|[[Battle of Nicopolis ad Istrum|Battle of Nicopolis]] |||Romans under Emperor [[Decius]] defeat Goths.
|-
|[[Battle of Beroe]]
|Goths defeat a Roman army 
|-
|251 ||[[Battle of Abrittus]] || The Goths defeat and kill the Roman Emperor [[Trajan Decius]].
|-
|252 ||[[Siege of Nisibis (252)|Siege of Nisibis]]|| [[Sassanids]] capture city.
|-
| rowspan="2" |253 ||[[Battle of Barbalissos]]|| [[Sassanid]] forces under [[Shapur I]] defeat the Romans under [[Valerian (emperor)|Valerian]], leading to their capture of [[Antioch]].
|-
|[[Siege of Antioch (253)|Siege of Antioch]] || [[Sassanids]] take city from Romans.
|-
|254 ||[[Battle of Thermopylae (254)|Battle of Thermopylae]] || Romans defeat advancing Goths.
|-
|255 ||[[Battle of Didao]] ||| Wei emerges victorious against Shu.
|-
|256 ||[[Siege of Dura-Europos (256)|Siege of Dura-Europos]] || [[Sassanids]] defeat Romans in Syria.
|-
| rowspan="2" |259 ||[[Battle of Edessa]] || King [[Shapur I of Persia|Shapur I]] of [[Achaemenid Empire|Persia]] defeats and captures the Roman Emperor [[Emperor Valerian I|Valerian]].
|-
|[[Battle of Mediolanum]]|| Emperor [[Gallienus]] defeats the [[Alamanni]] after their invasion of northern Italy, leading to the Romans retreating behind the Rhine.
|-
|260 ||[[Siege of Caesarea Cappadocia (260)|Siege of Caeserea Cappadocia]]|| King [[Shapur I of Persia]] takes city from Romans.
|-
|263 ||[[Battle of Ctesiphon (263)|Battle of Ctesiphon]]|| Sassanids under King [[Shapur I of Persia|Shapur]] repel siege by Palmyra under [[Odaenathus]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |267 ||[[Battle of Thermopylae (267)]]|| Roman forces unsuccessfully try to defend against the [[Heruli]] invasion of the Balkans. 
|-
|[[Sack of Athens (267 AD)|Sack of Athens]] || [[Heruli]] ravage the Greek city and leave permanent damage to its monuments.
|-
|268 ||[[Battle of Lake Benacus]] || The Romans under [[Claudius II]] defeat the [[Alamanni]].
|-
| rowspan="2" |269 ||[[Battle of Naissus]] || Claudius II decisively defeats the Goths, earning the surname ''Gothicus''.
|-
|[[Siege of Augustodunum Haeduorum]] || [[Victorinus]] claims the throne and defeats the forces of Emperor [[Claudius Gothicus]].
|-
|270 ||[[Sack of Bostra]] ||[[Zenobia]] of [[Palmyra]] takes Syria from Rome and drives out the [[Tanukhids]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |271 ||[[Battle of Placentia (271)|Battle of Placentia]] || The Emperor [[Aurelian]] is defeated by the [[Alemanni]] forces invading Italy.
|-
|[[Battle of Fano]] || Aurelian defeats the Alemanni, who begin to retreat from Italy.
|-
|[[Battle of Pavia (271)|Battle of Pavia]] || Aurelian destroys the retreating Alemanni army.
|-
| rowspan="2" |272 ||[[Battle of Immae]] || Aurelian defeats the army of [[Zenobia]] of [[Palmyra]].
|-
|[[Battle of Emesa]] || Aurelian decisively defeats Zenobia.
|-
|273 ||[[Battle of Palmyra (273 BC)|Battle of Palmyra]] ||Romans fight a battle against the [[Palmyrene Empire]] and the [[Blemmyes]].
|-
|274 ||[[Battle of Châlons (274)|Battle of Châlons]] || Aurelian defeats the Gallic usurper [[Tetricus I|Tetricus]], reestablishing central control of the whole empire.
|-
|285 ||[[Battle of the Margus]] || The usurper [[Diocletian]] defeats the army of the Emperor [[Carinus]], who is killed.
|-
|296 ||[[Battle of Carrhae (296)|Battle of Carrhae]] || The Romans under the Caesar [[Galerius]] are defeated by the Persians under [[Narseh]].
|-
| rowspan="3" |298 ||[[Battle of Satala (298)|Battle of Satala]] || The Romans under the Caesar [[Galerius]] rout the Persians under [[Narseh]].
|-
|[[Battle of Lingones]] || The [[Caesar (title)|Caesar]] [[Constantius Chlorus]] defeats the Alemanni.
|-
|[[Battle of Vindonissa]] || Constantius again defeats the Alemanni.
|}

==See also==
* [[List of Roman battles]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List of battles before 301}}
[[Category:Lists of battles by date|0000]]
[[Category:3rd-millennium BC conflicts| ]]
[[Category:2nd-millennium BC conflicts| ]]
[[Category:1st-millennium BC conflicts| ]]
[[Category:1st-century battles| ]]
[[Category:2nd-century conflicts| ]]
[[Category:3rd-century conflicts| ]]