View source for List of exceptional asteroids

{{Short description|None}}
[[File:VLT asteroid images aa41781-21 (Figure 1a).pdf|thumb|upright=2|[[Very Large Telescope|VLT]]/SPHERE images of most asteroids > 210 km in diameter to scale. Deconvolved with MISTRAL algorithm. Main-belt asteroids > 200 km that were not imaged are (451) Patientia, (65) Cybele and (107) Camilla. Trojan (624) Hektor may also be in this size range.]]
[[File:VLT asteroid images aa41781-21 (Figure 1b).pdf|thumb|upright=2|VLT/SPHERE images of a large number of asteroids 100 to 210 km in diameter, to scale. (10) Hygiea, (31) Euphrosyne and (8) Flora have collisional families; all three are round due to having re-coalesced after being disrupted.]]

The following is a collection of lists of [[asteroid]]s of the [[Solar System]] that are exceptional in some way, such as their size or orbit. For the purposes of this article, "asteroid" refers to [[minor planet]]s out to the orbit of [[Neptune]], and includes the [[dwarf planet]] [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]], the [[Jupiter trojan]]s and the [[centaur (small Solar System body)|centaur]]s, but not [[trans-Neptunian object]]s (objects in the [[Kuiper belt]], [[scattered disc]] or [[inner Oort cloud]]). For a complete list of minor planets in [[numerical order]], see [[List of minor planets]].

Asteroids are given minor planet numbers, but not all [[minor planet]]s are asteroids. Minor planet numbers are also given to objects of the [[Kuiper belt]], which is similar to the asteroid belt but farther out (around 30–60 AU). Asteroids are mostly between 2–3 AU from the Sun or at the orbit of Jupiter, 5 AU from the Sun. Comets are not typically included under minor planet numbers, and have their own [[Astronomical naming conventions|naming conventions]].

Asteroids are given a unique sequential identifying number once their orbit is precisely determined. Prior to this, they are known only by their systematic name or [[provisional designation]], such as {{mp|1950 DA}}.

== Physical characteristics ==

=== Largest by diameter ===
Estimating the sizes of asteroids from observations is difficult due to their irregular shapes, varying [[albedo]], and small [[Angular diameter#Use in astronomy|angular diameter]]. Observations by the [[Very Large Telescope]] of most large asteroids were published 2019–2021.<ref name=VLT>P. Vernazza et al. (2021) VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis. ''Astronomy & Astrophysics'' 54, A56 </ref><ref>As of Jan 2019, good rotational coverage (≥ 4 epochs) had also been obtained for 476 Hedwig and 596 Scheila.[https://www.lpi.usra.edu/sbag/meetings/jan2019/presentations/Wednesday-AM/Vernazza.pdf]</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name
!Picture
! [[Diameter]] (km)<br />([[geometric mean]]) !! [[Dimensions]] (km) !! Mean distance<br />from Sun (in [[Astronomical Units|AU]]) 
![[Inclination]] ([[Degree (angle)|°]])!! Date discovered !! Discoverer !! [[Asteroid spectral types|Class]]
|-
| {{sortname|1|Ceres|Ceres (dwarf planet)|001}} || [[File:Ceres_-_RC3_-_Haulani_Crater_(22381131691)_(cropped).jpg|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|939.4|.2}} || 964.4 × 964.2 × 891.8 || 2.766 
|10.6|| {{dts|1801|January|1}} || [[Giuseppe Piazzi|Piazzi, G.]] || [[G-type asteroid|G]]
|-
| {{sortname|4|Vesta||004}} || [[File:Vesta in natural color.jpg|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|525.4|0.2}} || 572.6 × 557.2 × 446.4 ± 0.2 || 2.362 
|7.14|| {{dts|1807|March|29}} || [[Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers|Olbers, H. W.]] || [[V-type asteroid|V]]
|-
| {{sortname|2|Pallas||002}} || [[File:Potw1749a_Pallas_crop.png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|511|4}}<ref name=VLT/> || 568×530×450 || 2.773 
|34.9|| {{dts|1802|March| 28}} || [[Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers|Olbers, H. W.]] || [[B-type asteroid|B]]
|-
| {{sortname|10|Hygiea||010}} || [[File:SPHERE_image_of_Hygiea.jpg|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|433|8}}<ref name=VLT/> || 450×430×424 || 3.139 
|5.1|| {{dts|1849|April|12}} || [[Annibale de Gasparis|de Gasparis, A.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|704|Interamnia||704}} || [[File:704 Interamnia VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|332|5}}<ref name=VLT/> || 362×348×310 || 3.062 
|17.3|| {{dts|1910|October|2}} || [[Vincenzo Cerulli|Cerulli, V.]] || [[F-type asteroid|F]]
|-
| {{sortname|52|Europa||052}} || [[File:52 Europa VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|319|4}}<ref name=VLT/> || 378×336×255 || 3.095 
|7.48|| {{dts|1858|February|4}} || [[Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt|Goldschmidt, H.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|511|Davida||511}} || [[File:511 Davida VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|298|4}}<ref name=VLT/> || 359×293×253 || 3.168 
|15.9|| {{dts|1903|May|30}} || [[Raymond Smith Dugan|Dugan, R. S.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|87|Sylvia||087}} || [[File:87 Sylvia VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|271|5}}<ref name=VLT/> || 363×249×191<br>or 374×248×194 || 3.485 
|10.9|| {{dts|1866|May|16}} || [[Norman Robert Pogson|Pogson, N. R.]] || [[X-type asteroid|X]]
|-
| {{sortname|15|Eunomia||015}} || [[File:15 Eunomia VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|270|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 357×255×212 || 2.643 
|11.75|| {{dts|1851|July|29}} || [[Annibale de Gasparis|de Gasparis, A.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|31|Euphrosyne||031}} || [[File:31 Euphrosyne VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|268|4}}<ref name=VLT/> || 294×280×248 || 3.149 
|26.3|| {{dts|1854|September|1}} || [[James Ferguson (American astronomer)|Ferguson, J.]] ||[[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|65|Cybele||065}} || [[File:Cybele_ZIMPOL.png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|263|3}} || {{val|297|x|291|x|213}} || 3.439 
|3.56|| {{dts|1861|March|8}}|| [[Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel|Tempel, E. W.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|624|Hektor||624}}|| [[File:Hektor & Skamandrios 2006 Jul 16.PNG|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|256|12}}<br>(if bilobe) || 403 × 201 || 5.235 
|18.66|| {{dts|1907|February|10}} || [[August Kopff|Kopff, A.]] || [[D-type asteroid|D]]
|-
| {{sortname|3|Juno||003}} || [[File:3 Juno VLT (2021).png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|254|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 288×250×225 || 2.672 
|12.98|| {{dts|1804|September|1}} || [[Karl Ludwig Harding|Harding, K. L.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|451|Patientia||451}} ||  || {{val|254|3}} || || 3.059 
|15.2|| {{dts|1899|December|4}} || [[Auguste Charlois|Charlois, A.]] || 
|-
| {{sortname|107|Camilla||107}} || [[File:107Camilla_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] || {{val|254|12<!--36 is 3 sigma-->}}<ref name="Pajuelo2018">M. Pajuelo, Benoit Carry, Frédéric Vachier, Michael Marsset et al. (March 2018) Physical, spectral, and dynamical properties of asteroid (107) Camilla and its satellites, ''Icarus'' 309</ref> ||  || 3.476 
|10|| {{dts|1868|November|17}} || [[Norman Robert Pogson|Pogson, N. R.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|324|Bamberga||324}} || [[File:Potw1749a_Bamberga_crop.png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|227|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 234×224×225 || 2.684 
|11.1|| {{dts|1892|February|25}} || [[Johann Palisa|Palisa, J.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|16|Psyche||016}} || [[File:16 Psyche VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|223|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 279×232×189 ± 10% || 2.924 
|3.1|| {{dts|1852|March|17}} || [[Annibale de Gasparis|de Gasparis, A.]] || [[M-type asteroid|M]]
|-
| {{sortname|88|Thisbe||088}} || [[File:88 Thisbe VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|218|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 255×232×193 || 2.769 
|5.22|| {{dts|1866|June|15}} || [[Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters|Peters, C. H. F.]] || [[B-type asteroid|B]]
|-
| {{sortname|48|Doris||048}} || [[File:48 Doris VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|215|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 257×211×185 || 3.108 
|6.55|| {{dts|1857|September|19}} || [[Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt|Goldschmidt, H.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|19|Fortuna||019}} || [[File:19 Fortuna VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|211|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 225×205×195 || 2.442 
|1.57|| {{dts|1852|August|22}} || [[John Russell Hind|Hind, J. R.]] || [[G-type asteroid|G]]
|-
| {{sortname|121|Hermione||121}} || [[File:121Hermione_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] || {{val|209|5}}?<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=121%20Hermione | title=Small-Body Database Lookup }}</ref> ||  || 3.457 
|7.6|| {{dts|1872|May|12}} || [[James Craig Watson|Watson, J. C.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|24|Themis||024}} || [[File:24 Themis VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|208|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 232×220×176 || 3.136 
|0.76|| {{dts|1853|April|5}} || [[Annibale de Gasparis|de Gasparis, A.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|94|Aurora||094}} || [[File:94Aurora_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] || {{val|205|4}} ? (< 200 km)<ref name=VLT/> || 225×173 || 3.160 
|7.97|| {{dts|1867|September|6}} || [[James Craig Watson|Watson, J. C.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|29|Amphitrite||029}} || [[File:Potw1749a_Amphitrite_crop.png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|204|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 222×209×183 || 2.554 
|6.08|| {{dts|1854|March|1}} || [[Albert Marth|Marth, A.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|13|Egeria||013}} || [[File:13 Egeria VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|202|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 238×199×182 || 2.576 
|16.54|| {{dts|1850|November|2}} || [[Annibale de Gasparis|de Gasparis, A.]] || [[G-type asteroid|G]]
|-
| {{sortname|130|Elektra||130}} || [[File:130 Elektra VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|199|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 262×205×164 || 3.127 
|22.78|| {{dts|1873|February|17}} || [[Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters|C. H. F. Peters]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|7|Iris||007}} || [[File:Iris_asteroid_eso.jpg|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|199|10}}<ref name=VLT/> || 268×234×180<ref name="Hanus2019">{{cite journal
  |title=The shape of (7) Iris as evidence of an ancient large impact?
  |first1=J. |last1=Hanuš
  |first2=M. |last2=Marsset
  |first3=P. |last3=Vernazza
  |first4=M. |last4=Viikinkoski
  |first5=A. |last5=Drouard
  |first6=M. |last6=Brož
  |first7=B. |last7=Carry
  |first8=R. |last8=Fetick
  |display-authors=6
  |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
  |volume=624
  |number=A121
  |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201834541
  |arxiv=1902.09242
  |bibcode=2018DPS....5040406H
  |date=24 April 2019|pages=A121 |s2cid=119089163 }}</ref> || 2.386 
|5.52|| {{dts|1847|August|13}} || [[John Russell Hind|Hind, J. R.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|6|Hebe||006}}|| [[File:6hebe.png|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|195|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 205x185x170 || 2.426 
|14.75|| {{dts|1847|July|1}} || [[Karl Ludwig Hencke|Hencke, K. L.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|375|Ursula||375}} ||  || {{val|192|4}} ||  || 3.126 
|15.94|| {{dts|1893|September|18}} || [[Auguste Charlois|Charlois, A.]] ||[[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|702|Alauda||702}} ||  || {{val|191|2}} || || 3.195 
|20.59|| {{dts|1910|July|16}} || [[Joseph Helffrich|Helffrich, J.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]/[[B-type asteroid|B]]
|-
| {{sortname|45|Eugenia||045}} || [[File:45 Eugenia VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|188|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 252×191×138 || 2.720 
|6.61|| {{dts|1857|June|27}} || [[Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt|Goldschmidt, H.]] || [[F-type Asteroid|F]]
|-
| {{Sortname|41|Daphne||041}} || [[File:41 Daphne VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|187|13}}<ref name=VLT/> || 235×183×153 || 2.765 
|15.77|| {{dts|1856|May|22}} || [[Hermann Goldschmidt|Goldschmidt, H.]] ||[[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|154|Bertha||154}} || [[File:000154-asteroid_shape_model_(154)_Bertha.png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] ||    {{val|186|2}} || || 3.195
|20.972|| {{dts|1875|November|4}} || [[Paul Henry and Prosper Henry|Henry, P. M.]] ||[[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|423|Diotima||423}} || [[File:423Diotima_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] || {{val|176|4}} || || 3.065 
|11.23|| {{dts|1896|December|7}} || [[Auguste Charlois|Charlois, A.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| {{sortname|259|Aletheia||259}} ||  || {{val|174|1}} ||  || 3.135 
|10.81|| {{dts|1886|June|28}} || [[Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters|Peters, C. H. F.]] || [[C-type asteroid|C]]/[[P-type asteroid|P]]/[[X-type asteroid|X]]
|-
| {{sortname|372|Palma||372}} || [[File:372Palma_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] ||{{val|174|3}} || || 3.149 
|23.83|| {{dts|1893|August|19}} || [[Auguste Charlois|Charlois, A.]] || [[B-type asteroid|B]]
|-
| {{sortname|9|Metis||009}} || [[File:9 Metis VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|173|2}}<ref name=VLT/> || 222×182×130 || 2.385 
|5.58|| {{dts|1848|April|25}} || [[Andrew Graham (astronomer)|Graham, A.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|532|Herculina||532}} || [[File:532Herculina_(Lightcurve_Inversion).png|frameless|center|upright=0.5]] || {{val|168|1}} || || 2.772 
|16.31|| {{dts|1904|April|20}} || [[Max Wolf|Wolf, M.]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
|{{sortname|354|Eleonora||354}} || [[File:354 Eleonora VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|165|3}}<ref name=VLT/> || 191×162×144 || 2.798 
|18.4|| {{dts|1893|January|17}} || [[Auguste Charlois]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]]
|-
| {{sortname|128|Nemesis||128}} || [[File:128 Nemesis VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf|frameless|center|upright=0.3]] || {{val|163|5}}<ref name=VLT/> || 178×163×147||2.751
|6.25|| {{dts|1872|November|25}} || [[James Craig Watson|Watson, J. C.]]|| [[C-type asteroid|C]]
|-
| colspan=4| '''(4:1 resonance)''' <small>[sort by 'Mean Distance from Sun' to place in table]</small> || '''2.06'''
| colspan="4" |(defines inner edge of main belt)
|-
| colspan=4| '''(3:1 resonance)''' || '''2.50'''
| colspan="4" |(separates inner from middle belt)
|-
| colspan=4| '''(5:2 resonance)''' || '''2.82'''
| colspan="4" |(separates middle from outer belt)
|-
| colspan=4| '''(7:3 resonance)''' || '''2.95'''
| colspan="4" |
|-
| colspan=4| '''(2:1 resonance)''' || '''3.27'''
| colspan="4" |(defines outermost belt)
|-
| colspan=4| '''(1:1 resonance)''' || '''5.20'''
| colspan="4" |(Trojan asteroids &ndash; defines outer edge of main belt)
|}

The number of bodies [[Pareto distribution|grows rapidly as the size decreases]]. Based on [[IRAS]] data there are about 140 [[Asteroid belt|main-belt]] asteroids with a diameter greater than 120&nbsp;km,<ref name="jpl-big"/> which is approximately the transition point between surviving primordial asteroids and fragments thereof.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bottkejr |first1=W |last2=Durda |first2=D |last3=Nesvorny |first3=D |last4=Jedicke |first4=R |last5=Morbidelli |first5=A |last6=Vokrouhlicky |first6=D |last7=Levison |first7=H |date=May 2005 |title=The fossilized size distribution of the main asteroid belt |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0019103504003811 |journal=Icarus |language=en |volume=175 |issue=1 |pages=111–140 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.026|bibcode=2005Icar..175..111B |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/primordial-asteroids-and-the-stories-they-are-telling/ | title=NASA Astrobiology }}</ref> For a more complete list, see [[List of Solar System objects by size]].

The inner asteroid belt (defined as the region interior to the 3:1 [[Kirkwood gap]] at 2.50 AU) has few large asteroids. Of those in the above list, only [[4 Vesta]], [[19 Fortuna]], [[6 Hebe]], [[7 Iris]] and [[9 Metis]] orbit there. (Sort table by mean distance.)

=== {{anchor|Largest by mass}} Most massive ===

Below are the sixteen most-massive measured asteroids.<ref name="Baer2011">[http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt "Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702212735/http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt |date=2013-07-02 }}. Maintained by Jim Baer. Last updated 2010-12-12. Access date 2011-09-02.</ref> [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]], at a third the estimated mass of the [[asteroid belt]], is half again as massive as the next fifteen put together. The masses of asteroids are estimated from [[Perturbation (astronomy)|perturbations]] they induce on the orbits of other [[Asteroid|asteroids]], except for asteroids that have been visited by spacecraft or have an observable moon, where a direct mass calculation is possible. Different sets of [[Astrometry|astrometric observations]] lead to different mass determinations; the biggest problem is accounting for the aggregate [[Perturbation (astronomy)|perturbations]] caused by all of the smaller [[Asteroid|asteroids]].<ref name="Baer2007">
{{cite journal
  |last=Baer |first=James
  |author2=Steven R. Chesley
  |title=Astrometric masses of 21 asteroids, and an integrated asteroid ephemeris
  |journal=Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
  |volume=100 |issue=2008 |pages=27–42
  |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]
  |doi=10.1007/s10569-007-9103-8
  |date=2008
  |bibcode = 2008CeMDA.100...27B |doi-access=free
  }}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|value1 = 938
|label1 = Ceres
|value2 = 259
|label2 = Vesta
|value3 = 204
|label3 = Pallas
|value4 = 87
|label4 = Hygiea
|value5 = 35
|label5 = Interamnia
|value6 = 30
|label6 = Eunomia
|value7 = 27
|label7 = Juno
|value8 = 27
|label8 = Davida
|value9 = 24
|label9 = Europa
|value10 = 23
|label10 = Psyche
|value11 = 23
|label11 = Herculina
|value12 = 716
|label12 = other
|caption=Comparative masses of the asteroids with nominal masses > {{val|20|e=18|u=kg}}.<ref>assuming a total Main Belt mass of {{val|2394|e=18|u=kg}}. The mass of Herculina is particularly uncertain</ref>
|legend=true
|autoscale=true
|radius=100
|border=no
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Asteroids with nominal mass > {{val|10|e=18|u=kg}}
! Name
! Mass<br />{{nowrap|({{e|18}} kg)}}
! Precision
! Approx.<br />proportion<br />of all<br />asteroids
|-
| [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|1 Ceres]] || 938.35 || 0.001% (938.34–938.36) || 39.2% 
|-
| [[4 Vesta]] || 259.076 || 0.0004% (259.075–259.077) || 10.8% 
|-
| [[2 Pallas]] || 204 || 1.5% (201–207) || 8.5% 
|-
| [[10 Hygiea]] || 87 || 8% (80–94) || 3.6% 
|-
| [[704 Interamnia]] || 35 || 14% (30–40) || 1.5% 
|-
| [[15 Eunomia]] || 30 || 6% (29–32) || 1.3% 
|-
| [[3 Juno]] || 27 || 9% (25–29) || 1.1% 
|-
| [[511 Davida]] || 27 || 27% (19–34) || 1.1% 
|-
| [[52 Europa]] || 24 || 16% (20–28) || 1.0% 
|-
| [[16 Psyche]] || 23 || 13% (20–26) || 1.0% 
|-
| [[532 Herculina]] || ≈ 23 || ? || ≈ 1% 
|-
| [[31 Euphrosyne]] || 17  || 18% (14–19) || 0.7% 
|-
| [[65 Cybele]] || 15 || 12% (13&ndash;17) || 0.6% 
|-
| [[87 Sylvia]] || 14.76 || 0.4% (14.70–14.82)<ref>F. Marchis; et al. (2005). "Discovery of the triple asteroidal system 87 Sylvia" (PDF). Nature. 436 (7052): 822–4. Bibcode:2005Natur.436..822M. doi:10.1038/nature04018. PMID 16094362. S2CID 4412813</ref>|| 0.6% 
|-
| [[7 Iris]] || 14 || 17% (11–16) || 0.6% 
|-
| [[29 Amphitrite]] || 13 || 16% (11–15) || 0.5% 
|-
| [[6 Hebe]] || 12 || 20% (10–15) || 0.5% 
|-
| [[88 Thisbe]] || 12 || 20% (9–14) || 0.5% 
|-
| [[107 Camilla]] || 11.2 || 1% (11.1–11.3)<ref name="Pajuelo2018">M. Pajuelo, Benoit Carry, Frédéric Vachier, Michael Marsset et al. (March 2018) Physical, spectral, and dynamical properties of asteroid (107) Camilla and its satellites, ''Icarus'' 309</ref> || 0.5% 
|-
| [[324 Bamberga]] || 10 || 9% (9–11) || 0.4% 
|-
!Total
| 1781 || ''NA'' || 75% 
|}
The proportions assume that the total mass of the asteroid belt is {{val|2.39|e=21|u=kg}}, or {{val|12.4|1.0|e=-10}} {{solar mass}}.<ref name="Pitjeva-2005" />{{sp|184}}

Outside the top four, the ranking of all the asteroids is uncertain, as there is a great deal of overlap among the estimates. 

The largest asteroids with an accurately measured mass, because they have been studied by the probe ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]'', are [[1 Ceres]] with a mass of {{val|939.3|0.5|e=18|u=kg}}, and [[4 Vesta]] at {{val|259.076|0.001|e=18|u=kg}}. The third-largest asteroid with an accurately measured mass, because it has moons, is [[87 Sylvia]] at {{val|14.76|0.06|e=18|u=kg}}. Other large asteroids with masses measured from their moons are [[107 Camilla]] and [[130 Elektra]].<ref name="Pajuelo2018">M. Pajuelo, Benoit Carry, Frédéric Vachier, Michael Marsset et al. (March 2018) Physical, spectral, and dynamical properties of asteroid (107) Camilla and its satellites, ''Icarus'' 309</ref><ref>Berdeu, Anthony; Langlois, Maud; Vachier, Frédéric (February 2021). "First observation of a quadruple asteroid. Detection of a third moon around (130) Elektra with SPHERE/IFS". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 658: 21.</ref><ref name=VLT/>

For a more complete list, see [[List of Solar System objects by size]]. Other large asteroids such as [[423 Diotima]] currently only have estimated masses.<ref name=Michalak2001>{{cite journal
  |last=Michalak |first=G.
  |title=Determination of asteroid masses
  |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
  |volume=374 |pages=703–711 |date=2001
  |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010731
  |url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=article&access=standard&Itemid=129&url=/articles/aa/abs/2001/29/aa10228/aa10228.html
  |access-date=2008-11-10 |bibcode=2001A&A...374..703M
  |issue=2|doi-access=free
  }}</ref><ref>Michalak, G. (2001), assumed masses of perturbing asteroids used in calculations of perturbations of the test asteroids.{{Clarify|date=March 2020|reason=Is this supposed to be a cite to https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2001/29/aa10228/aa10228.right.html ( https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010731 ), in which it appears in a table heading?}}</ref>

=== Brightest from Earth ===
Only Vesta is regularly bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Under ideal viewing conditions with very dark skies, a keen eye might be able to also see Ceres, as well as Pallas and Iris at their rare perihelic oppositions.<ref>{{cite book |last=Martinez |first=Patrick |title=The Observer's Guide to Astronomy |page=298 |year=1994 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> The following asteroids can all reach an [[apparent magnitude]] brighter than or equal to the +8.3 attained by [[Saturn]]'s moon [[Titan (moon)|Titan]] at its brightest, which was discovered 145&nbsp;years before the first asteroid was found owing to its closeness to the easily observed Saturn.

None of the asteroids in the outer part of the asteroid belt can ever attain this brightness. Even Hygiea and Interamnia rarely reach magnitudes of above 10.0. This is due to the different distributions of spectral types within different sections of the asteroid belt: the highest-albedo asteroids are all concentrated closer to the orbit of [[Mars]], and much lower albedo [[C-type asteroid|C]] and [[D-type asteroid|D]] types are common in the outer belt.

Those asteroids with very high eccentricities will only reach their maximum magnitude rarely, when their perihelion is very close to a heliocentric conjunction with Earth, or (in the cases of [[433 Eros]], [[99942 Apophis]], {{mpl|(152680) 1998 KJ|9}}, {{mpl|(153814) 2001 WN|5}}, and [[367943 Duende]]) when the asteroid passes very close to Earth.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Asteroid
![[Apparent magnitude|Magnitude]]<br />when<br />brightest{{citation needed|date=April 2025}} !! [[Semi-major axis|Semi-<br />major<br />axis]] ([[Astronomical Units|AU]]) !! [[Eccentricity (orbit)|Eccentricity<br />of orbit]] !! Diameter<br />(km) !! Year of<br />discovery
|-
| [[99942 Apophis]] || 3.4<sup>*</sup> || 0.922 || 0.191 || 0.32 || 2004
|-
| [[4 Vesta]] || 5.20 || 2.361 || 0.089172 || 529 || 1807
|-
| [[2 Pallas]] || 6.49 || 2.773 || 0.230725 || 544 || 1802
|-
| [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|1 Ceres]] || 6.65 || 2.766 || 0.079905 || 952 || 1801
|-
| [[7 Iris]] || 6.73 || 2.385 || 0.231422 || 200 || 1847
|-
| [[433 Eros]] || 6.8 || 1.458 || 0.222725 || 34 × 11 × 11 || 1898
|-
| {{mpl|(153814) 2001 WN|5}} || 6.85 || 1.711 || 0.467207 || 0.93 || 2001
|-
| [[367943 Duende]] || 7.04 || 0.910 || 0.089319 || 0.04 × 0.02 || 2012
|-
| [[6 Hebe]] || 7.5 || 2.425 || 0.201726 || 186 || 1847
|-
| [[3 Juno]] || 7.5 || 2.668 || 0.258194 || 233 || 1804
|-
| [[18 Melpomene]] || 7.5 || 2.296 || 0.218708 || 141 || 1852
|-
| {{mpl|(152680) 1998 KJ|9}} || 7.74 || 1.448 || 0.639770 || 0.5 || 1998
|-
| [[15 Eunomia]] || 7.9 || 2.643 || 0.187181 || 268 || 1851
|-
| [[8 Flora]] || 7.9 || 2.202 || 0.156207 || 128 || 1847
|-
| [[324 Bamberga]] || 8.0 || 2.682 || 0.338252 || 229 || 1892
|-
| [[1036 Ganymed]] || 8.1 || 2.6657 || 0.533710 || 32 || 1924
|-
| [[9 Metis]] || 8.1 || 2.387 || 0.121441 || 190 || 1848
|-
| [[192 Nausikaa]] || 8.2 || 2.404 || 0.246216 || 103 || 1879
|-
| [[20 Massalia]] || 8.3 || 2.409 || 0.142880 || 145 || 1852
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> Apophis will only achieve that brightness on April 13, 2029.<ref name="NEODyS2029">{{cite web |title=(99942) Apophis Ephemerides for 13 Apr 2029 |publisher=[[NEODyS]] (Near Earth Objects Dynamic Site) |url=https://newton.spacedys.com/neodys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=99942&oc=500&y0=2029&m0=4&d0=13&h0=18&mi0=0&y1=2029&m1=4&d1=14&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=10&tiu=minutes |access-date=2011-05-05}}</ref><ref name="MPC2029">{{cite web |title=Minor Planet Ephemeris Service: Query Results |website=[[Minor Planet Center]] |url=https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/cgi-bin/mpeph2.cgi?ty=e&TextArea=Apophis&d=2029+Apr.+13+20%3A30&l=60&i=1&u=m&uto=0&c=&long=&lat=&alt=&raty=a&s=t&m=m&adir=S&oed=&e=-2&resoc=&tit=&bu=&ch=c&ce=f&js=f }}</ref>  It typically has an apparent magnitude of 20–22.

=== Slowest rotators ===
{{main list|List of slow rotators (minor planets)}}

This list contains the [[List of slow rotators (minor planets)|slowest-rotating]] known minor planets with a period of at least 1000 hours, or 41{{frac|2|3}} days, while most bodies have [[rotation period]]s between 2 and 20 hours. Also ''see [[List of slow rotators (minor planets)#Potentially slow rotators|Potentially slow rotators]]'' for minor planets with an insufficiently accurate period ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U]] &lt; 2}}).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! width=28 | #
! width=180 | [[Astronomical naming conventions#Minor planets|Minor planet designation]]
! [[Rotation period]]<br />(hours)
! Δ[[Magnitude (astronomy)|mag]]
! [[LCDB quality code|Quality]]<br />(''U'')
! Orbit or [[Asteroid family|family]]
! [[Asteroid spectral types|Spectral type]]
! [[Diameter]]<br />(km)
! [[Magnitude (astronomy)|Abs. mag]]<br />(''H'')
! width=100 | Refs
|-
| {{small|1.}} || align=left | {{mpl|(162058) 1997 AE|12}} || 1880 || 0.6 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Near-Earth object|NEO]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 0.782 || 17.9 || {{small|{{LCDB|162058|1997+AE12}} {{·}} {{LoMP|162058|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|2.}} || align=left | [[846 Lipperta]] || 1641 || 0.30 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Themis family|Themis]] || CBU: || align=right | 52.41 || 10.26 || {{small|{{LCDB|846|Lipperta}} {{·}} {{LoMP|846|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|3.}} || align=left | [[2440 Educatio]] || 1561 || 0.80 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Flora family|Flora]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 6.51 || 13.1 || {{small|{{LCDB|2440|Educatio}} {{·}} {{LoMP|2440|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|4.}} || align=left | [[912 Maritima]] || 1332 || 0.18 || 3− || align=left | [[Asteroid belt|MBA]] {{small|(outer)}} || [[C-type asteroid|C]] || align=right | 82.14 ||&nbsp;9.30 || {{small|{{LCDB|912|Maritima}} {{·}} {{LoMP|912|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|5.}} || align=left | [[9165 Raup]] || 1320 || 1.34 || 3− || align=left | [[Hungaria family|Hungaria]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 4.62 || 13.60 || {{small|{{LCDB|9165|Raup}} {{·}} {{LoMP|9165|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|6.}} || align=left | [[1235 Schorria]] || 1265 || 1.40 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | Hungaria || CX: || align=right | 5.04 || 13.10 || {{small|{{LCDB|1235|Schorria}} {{·}} {{LoMP|1235|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|7.}} || align=left | [[50719 Elizabethgriffin]] || 1256 || 0.42 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Eunomia family|Eunomia]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 3.40 || 14.65 || {{small|{{LCDB|50719|2000+EG140}} {{·}} {{LoMP|50719|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|8.}} || align=left | {{mpl|(75482) 1999 XC|173}} || 1234.2 || 0.69 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Vesta family|Vestian]] || S || align=right | 2.96 || 15.01 || {{small|{{LCDB|75482|1999+XC173}} {{·}} {{LoMP|75482|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|9.}} || align=left | [[288 Glauke]] || 1170 || 0.90 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | [[Asteroid belt|MBA]] {{small|(outer)}} || S || align=right | 32.24 || 10.00 || {{small|{{LCDB|288|Glauke}} {{·}} {{LoMP|288|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|10.}} || align=left | {{mpl|(39546) 1992 DT|5}} || 1167.4 || 0.80 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | MBA {{small|(outer)}} || [[C-type asteroid|C]] || align=right | 5.34 || 15.09 || {{small|{{LCDB|39546|1992+DT5}} {{·}} {{LoMP|39546|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|11.}} || align=left | [[496 Gryphia]] || 1072 || 1.25 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | [[Flora family|Flora]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 15.47 || 11.61 || {{small|{{LCDB|496|Gryphia}} {{·}} {{LoMP|496|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|12.}} || align=left | [[4524 Barklajdetolli]] || 1069 || 1.26 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Flora family|Flora]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 7.14 || 12.90 || {{small|{{LCDB|4524|Barklajdetolli}} {{·}} {{LoMP|4524|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|13.}} || align=left | [[2675 Tolkien]] || 1060 || 0.75 || 2+ || align=left | Flora || S || align=right | 9.85 || 12.20 || {{small|{{LCDB|2675|Tolkien}} {{·}} {{LoMP|2675|List}}}}
|-
| {{small|14.}} || align=left | {{mpl|(219774) 2001 YY|145}} || 1007.7 || 0.86 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | [[Asteroid belt|MBA]] {{small|(inner)}} || S || align=right | 1.54 || 16.43 || {{small|{{LCDB|219774|2001+YY145}} {{·}} {{LoMP|219774|List}}}}
|}
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=== Fastest rotators ===
{{main list|List of fast rotators (minor planets)}}

This list contains the [[List of fast rotators (minor planets)|fastest-rotating]] minor planets with a period of less than 100 seconds, or 0.0277 hours. Bodies with a highly uncertain period, having a [[LCDB quality code|quality]] of less than 2, are highlighted in dark-grey. The fastest rotating bodies are all unnumbered [[near-Earth object]]s (NEOs) with a diameter of less than 100 meters ''(see table)''.

Among the [[List of minor planets|numbered minor planets]] with an unambiguous period solution are {{mpl|(459872) 2014 EK|24}}, a 60-meter sized stony NEO with a period of 352 seconds, as well as {{mpl|(335433) 2005 UW|163}} and {{mpl|(60716) 2000 GD|65}}, two [[main-belt]] asteroids, with a diameter of 0.86 and 2.25 kilometers and a period of 1.29 and 1.95 hours, respectively (''see [[List of fast rotators (minor planets)|full list]]'').

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
! class="unsortable" width=28 rowspan=2 | #
! rowspan=2 | [[Astronomical naming conventions#Minor planets|Minor<br />planet<br />designation]]
! colspan=2 | [[Rotation period]]
! rowspan=2 | Δ[[Magnitude (astronomy)|mag]]
! rowspan=2 | [[LCDB quality code|Quality]]<br />(''U'')
! rowspan=2 | Orbit or<br />[[Asteroid family|family]]
! rowspan=2 | [[Asteroid spectral types|Spectral<br />type]]
! rowspan=2 | [[Diameter]]<br />(km)
! rowspan=2 | [[Magnitude (astronomy)|Abs. mag]]<br />(''H'')
! rowspan=2 class="unsortable" width=100 | Refs
|-
! (seconds)
! (hours)
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|1.}} || align=left | {{mpl|2014 RC}} || 16 || align=left | {{small|0.004389}} || 0.10 || n.a. || align=left | [[Near-Earth object|NEO]] || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 0.012 || 26.80 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2014+RC}} {{·}} {{MPC|2014+RC}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|2.}} || align=left | {{mp|2015 SV|6}} || 18 || align=left | {{small|0.00490}} || 0.74 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.009 || 27.70 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2015+SV6}} {{·}} {{MPC|2015+SV6}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|3.}} || align=left | {{mpl|2010 JL|88}} || 25 || align=left | {{small|0.0068295}} || 0.52 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.013 || 26.80 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+JL88}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+JL88}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|4.}} || align=left | {{mp|2017 EK}} || 30 || align=left | {{small|0.0083}} || 0.30 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.045 || 24.10 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2017+EK}} {{·}} {{MPC|2017+EK}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|5.}} || align=left | {{mp|2010 WA}} || 31 || align=left | {{small|0.0085799}} || 0.22 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.003 || 30.00 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+WA}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+WA}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|6.}} || align=left | {{mp|2017 UK8}} || 31 || align=left | {{small|0.0086309}} || 1.30 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.007 || 28.20 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2017+UK8}} {{·}} {{MPC|2017+UK8}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|7.}} || align=left | {{mp|2016 GE|1}} || 34 || align=left | {{small|0.009438}} || 0.13 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.014 || 26.60 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2016+GE1}} {{·}} {{MPC|2016+GE1}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|8.}} || align=left | {{mpl|2008 HJ}} || 43 || align=left | {{small|0.01185}} || 0.80 || 3− || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.021 || 25.80 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2008+HJ}} {{·}} {{MPC|2008+HJ}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|9.}} || align=left | {{mp|2009 TM|8}} || 43 || align=left | {{small|0.012}} || – || n.a. || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.006 || 28.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2009+TM8}} {{·}} {{MPC|2009+TM8}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|10.}} || align=left | {{mp|2015 SU}} || 46 || align=left | {{small|0.0127}} || 0.20 || 2− || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.025 || 25.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2015+SU}} {{·}} {{MPC|2015+SU}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|11.}} || align=left | {{mp|2010 SK|13}} || 52 || align=left | {{small|0.0144}} || – || n.a. || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.01 || 27.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+SK13}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+SK13}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|12.}} || align=left | {{mp|2009 BF|2}} || 57 || align=left | {{small|0.01593}} || 0.80 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.02 || 25.90 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2009+BF2}} {{·}} {{MPC|2009+BF2}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|13.}} || align=left | {{mp|2016 GS|2}} || 66 || align=left | {{small|0.0182725}} || 0.06 || 1&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.075 || 23.00 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2016+GS2}} {{·}} {{MPC|2016+GS2}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|14.}} || align=left | {{mp|2010 TG|19}} || 70 || align=left | {{small|0.0193935}} || 1.10 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.049 || 23.90 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+TG19}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+TG19}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|15.}} || align=left | {{mp|2008 WA|14}} || 70 || align=left | {{small|0.0195}} || – || n.a. || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.075 || 23.00 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2008+WA14}} {{·}} {{MPC|2008+WA14}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|16.}} || align=left | {{mp|2007 KE|4}} || 77 || align=left | {{small|0.021408}} || 0.38 || 3− || align=left | NEO || [[S-type asteroid|S]] || align=right | 0.027 || 25.20 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2007+KE4}} {{·}} {{MPC|2007+KE4}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|17.}} || align=left | {{mp|2000 DO|8}} || 78 || align=left | {{small|0.0217}} || 1.39 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.037 || 24.54 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2000+DO8}} {{·}} {{MPC|2000+DO8}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|18.}} || align=left | {{mp|2014 GQ|17}} || 78 || align=left | {{small|0.0217}} || 0.08 || 2− || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.011 || 27.10 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2014+GQ17}} {{·}} {{MPC|2014+GQ17}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|19.}} || align=left | {{mp|2014 TV}} || 79 || align=left | {{small|0.02190}} || 0.32 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.039 || 24.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2014+TV}} {{·}} {{MPC|2014+TV}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|20.}} || align=left | {{mp|2000 WH|10}} || 80 || align=left | {{small|0.02221}} || 0.66 || 3− || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.094 || 22.50 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2000+WH10}} {{·}} {{MPC|2000+WH10}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|21.}} || align=left | {{mp|2012 HG|2}} || 82 || align=left | {{small|0.0227}} || – || n.a. || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.012 || 27.00 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2012+HG2}} {{·}} {{MPC|2012+HG2}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|22.}} || align=left | {{mpl|2010 TD|54}} || 83 || align=left | {{small|0.0229317}} || 0.92 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.005 || 28.90 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+TD54}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+TD54}}}}
|- bgcolor=#d6d6d6
| {{small|23.}} || align=left | {{mp|2010 TS|19}} || 83 || align=left | {{small|0.023}} || – || n.a. || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.022 || 25.70 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+TS19}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+TS19}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|24.}} || align=left | {{mp|2009 UD}} || 84 || align=left | {{small|0.023246}} || 0.66 || 2+ || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.011 || 27.20 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2009+UD}} {{·}} {{MPC|2009+UD}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|25.}} || align=left | {{mp|2014 WB|366}} || 86 || align=left | {{small|0.0238}} || 0.46 || 2+ || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.033 || 24.80 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2014+WB366}} {{·}} {{MPC|2014+WB366}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|26.}} || align=left | {{mp|2015 RF|36}} || 90 || align=left | {{small|0.025}} || 0.15 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.062 || 23.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2015+RF36}} {{·}} {{MPC|2015+RF36}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|27.}} || align=left | {{mp|2015 AK|45}} || 93 || align=left | {{small|0.0258}} || 0.24 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.016 || 26.40 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2015+AK45}} {{·}} {{MPC|2015+AK45}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|28.}} || align=left | {{mp|2010 XE|11}} || 96 || align=left | {{small|0.0265846}} || 0.50 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.075 || 23.00 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2010+XE11}} {{·}} {{MPC|2010+XE11}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|29.}} || align=left | {{mp|2000 UK|11}} || 96 || align=left | {{small|0.026599}} || 0.28 || 2&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.026 || 25.30 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2000+UK11}} {{·}} {{MPC|2000+UK11}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|30.}} || align=left | {{mp|2016 RB|1}} || 96 || align=left | {{small|0.02674}} || 0.18 || 2+ || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.007 || 28.30 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2016+RB1}} {{·}} {{MPC|2016+RB1}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|31.}} || align=left | {{mp|2015 CM}} || 96 || align=left | {{small|0.0268}} || 0.53 || 3− || align=left | NEO || S || align=right | 0.018 || 26.10 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2015+CM}} {{·}} {{MPC|2015+CM}}}}
|- bgcolor=white
| {{small|32.}} || align=left | {{mpl|2008 TC|3}} || 97 || align=left | {{small|0.0269409}} || 1.02 || 3&nbsp; || align=left | NEO || [[F-type asteroid|F]] || align=right | 0.004 || 30.90 || align=left | {{small|{{LCDB|0|2008+TC3}} {{·}} {{MPC|2008+TC3}}}}
|}
{{Astro back to top}}
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== Orbital characteristics ==

=== Retrograde ===

[[Minor planet]]s with orbital inclinations near or greater than 90° (the greatest possible is 180°) orbit in a [[retrograde motion|retrograde]] direction. {{As of|2018|3}}, of the near-800,000 minor planets known, there are only 99 known retrograde minor planets (0.01% of total minor planets known).<ref name="jpl-90degree">{{cite web
  |title=JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: Asteroids and i > 90 (deg)
  |website=[[JPL Solar System Dynamics]]
  |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=ast;obj_numbered=all;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;c1_group=ORB;c1_item=Bj;c1_op=%3E;c1_value=90;table_format=HTML;max_rows=200;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsCjCpAi;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=AcA
  |access-date=2019-03-31 
 }}</ref> In comparison, there are over 2,000 [[comet]]s with retrograde orbits. This makes retrograde minor planets the rarest group of all. High-inclination asteroids are either [[Mars-crosser asteroid|Mars-crossers]] (possibly in the process of being ejected from the Solar System) or [[damocloid]]s. Some of these are temporarily captured in retrograde resonance with the gas giants.<ref>{{cite journal
  | last = Morais
  | first = M.H.M.
  | author2=F. Namouni
  | title = Asteroids in retrograde resonance with Jupiter and Saturn
  | journal = [[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters]] 
  | volume = 436
  | pages = L30–L34
  | arxiv = 1308.0216|bibcode = 2013MNRAS.436L..30M |doi = 10.1093/mnrasl/slt106 | year = 2013
 | doi-access = free
 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! [[Astronomical naming conventions#Minor planets|Minor planet<br />designation]]
! [[Inclination]] ([[Degree (angle)|°]])
! width=120pt|First observed/<br />Discovery date
! [[Uncertainty Parameter U|Condition code]]
! Obs. × arc{{ref|1}}
! Comment
!  class="unsortable" | Refs
|-
| {{mp|2024 TF|3}} ||align="right"| 89.154°
| March 8, 2010
|
| 40
| Extremely high-inclined trans-Neptunian object.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024|reason=There was a question mark here}}
| {{MPC|2024+TF3}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 UX|51}} || align="right" | {{sort|090.517|90.517°}} || October 27, 2017 || align=center | 0 || 79254 || — || {{MPC|2017+UX51}}
|-
| {{mp|2018 SQ|13}} || align="right" | {{sort|090.973|90.973°}} || September 21, 2018 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 17407 || — || {{MPC|2018+SQ13}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 TN|178}} || align="right" | {{sort|091.093|91.093°}} || October 8, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 38805 || — || {{MPC|2015+TN178}}
|-
| {{mp|2005 SB|223}} || align="right" | {{sort|091.294|91.294°}} || September 30, 2005 || align=center | 1 || 12200 || Has a well-determined orbit || {{MPC|2005+SB223}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 MH|55}} || align="right" | {{sort|091.486|91.486°}} || June 29, 2014 || align=center | 6 || 96 || — || {{MPC|2014+MH55}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 EQ|169}} || align="right" | {{sort|091.607|91.607°}} || March 8, 2010 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 15 || Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid (orbit is not well-known){{Citation needed|date=March 2020|reason=There was a question mark here}} || {{MPC|2010+EQ169}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 RK|245}} || align="right" | {{sort|091.616|91.616°}} || September 13, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 184680 || — || {{MPC|2015+RK245}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 TK|2}} || align="right" | {{sort|092.336|92.336°}} || July 13, 2016 || align=center | 2 || 6075 || — || {{MPC|2016+TK2}}
|-
| {{LoMP|518151|{{mp|(518151) 2016 FH|13}}}} || align="right" | {{sort|093.551|93.551°}} || March 29, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 91561 || — || {{MPC|518151}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 PP|69}} || align="right" | {{sort|093.652|93.652°}} || August 5, 2014 || align=center | 1 || 8085 || — || {{MPC|2014+PP69}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 BH|311}} || align="right" | {{sort|094.160|94.160°}} || January 20, 2015 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 39 || — || {{MPC|2015+BH311}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 OX|68}} || align="right" | {{sort|094.748|94.748°}} || July 26, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 8720 || — || {{MPC|2017+OX68}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 JJ|57}} || align="right" | {{sort|095.924|95.924°}} || May 9, 2014 || align=center | 0 || 95710 || — || {{MPC|2014+JJ57}}
|-
| {{mp|2013 HS|150}} || align="right" | {{sort|097.434|97.434°}} || April 16, 2013 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 220 || — || {{MPC|2013+HS150}}
|-
| {{mpl|(709487) 2013 BL|76}} || align="right" | {{sort|098.592|98.592°}} || January 20, 2013 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 46716 || Has a semi-major axis of 1254 AU, giving it the third largest semi-major axis of any known minor planet || {{MPC|2013+BL76}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 GW|147}} || align="right" | {{sort|099.835|99.835°}} || April 14, 2010 || align=center | 0 || 97888 || — || {{MPC|2010+GW147}}
|-
| {{mp|2011 MM|4}} || align="right" | 100.482° || June 24, 2011 || align=center | 0 || 364936 || — || {{MPC|2011+MM4}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 NM|2}} || align="right" | 101.295° || July 6, 2017 || align=center | 1 || 28014 || — || {{MPC|2017+NM2}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 XS|3}} || align="right" | 101.381° || December 8, 2014 || align=center | 0 || 23544 || — || {{MPC|2014+XS3}}
|-
| {{mp|2013 BN|27}} || align="right" | 101.828° || January 17, 2013 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 1400 || — || {{MPC|2013+BN27}}
|-
| {{mpl|(528219) 2008 KV|42}} || align="right" | 103.396° || May 31, 2008 || align=center | 1 || 198550 || — || {{MPC|2008+KV42}}
|-
| {{mpl|(342842) 2008 YB|3}} || align="right" | 105.058° || December 18, 2008 || align=center | 0 || 1608789 || — || {{MPC|342842}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 PN|66}} || align="right" | 105.113° || August 14, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 63879 || — || {{MPC|2016+PN66}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 GW|64}} || align="right" | 105.226° || April 6, 2010 || align=center | 0 || 9072 || — || {{MPC|2010+GW64}}
|-
| {{mp|2012 YO|6}} || align="right" | 106.883° || December 22, 2012 || align=center | 3 || 6674 || — || {{MPC|2012+YO6}}
|-
| {{mp|2009 DD|47}} || align="right" | 107.449° || February 27, 2009 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 1584 || — || {{MPC|2009+DD47}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 UR|52}} || align="right" | 108.218° || October 29, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 1638 || — || {{MPC|2017+UR52}}
|-
| {{mp|2007 VW|266}} || align="right" | 108.328° || November 12, 2007 || align=center | 5 || 2204 || — || {{MPC|2007+VW266}}
|-
| {{mp|2011 SP|25}} || align="right" | 109.074° || September 20, 2011 || align=center | 3 || 3654 || — || {{MPC|2011+SP25}}
|-
| [[471325 Taowu]] || align="right" | 110.104° || May 31, 2011 || align=center | 1 || 234828 || — || {{MPC|471325}}
|-
| {{mp|2005 TJ|50}} || align="right" | 110.226° || October 5, 2005 || align=center | 5 || 1488 || — || {{MPC|2005+TJ50}}
|-
| {{mp|2011 OR|17}} || align="right" | 110.504° || May 21, 2010 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 71808 || — || {{MPC|2011+OR17}}
|-
| {{mpl|2005 VX|3}} || align="right" | 112.224° || November 1, 2005 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 4212 || Semi-major axis of 837AU, but has a somewhat short 81-day observation arc for such a large orbit || {{MPC|2005+VX3}}
|-
| {{mpl|2017 SV|13}} || align="right" | 113.243° || September 17, 2017 || align=center | 4 || 2160 || — || {{MPC|2017+SV13}}
|-
| 2016 LS || align="right" | 114.338° || June 27, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 26688 || — || {{MPC|2016+LS}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 YY|18}} || align="right" | 118.243° || December 29, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 33454 || — || {{MPC|2015+YY18}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 OM|101}} || align="right" | 118.797° || July 28, 2010 || align=center | 2 || 3535 || — || {{MPC|2010+OM101}}
|-
| {{mpl|(65407) 2002 RP|120}} || align="right" | 118.970° || September 4, 2002 || align=center | 0 || 648554 || This outer-planet crosser is a damocloid and [[Scattered disk object|SDO]]. || {{MPC|65407}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 PO|58}} || align="right" | 121.179° || August 5, 2010 || align=center | 8 || 120 || — || {{MPC|2010+PO58}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 LG|61}} || align="right" | 123.886° || June 2, 2010 || align=center | 7 || 935 || — || {{MPC|2010+LG61}}
|-
| {{mpl|(468861) 2013 LU|28}} || align="right" | 125.356° || June 8, 2013 || align=center | 0 || 238336 || — || {{MPC|468861}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 SQ|339}} || align="right" | 128.506° || September 29, 2014 || align=center | 4 || 1334 || — || {{MPC|2014+SQ339}}
|-
| {{mpl|2000 DG|8}} || align="right" | 129.246° || February 25, 2000 || align=center | 2 || 42408 || A damocloid and [[Scattered disk object|SDO]]. Crosses all the outer planets except [[Neptune]]. Came within 0.03&nbsp;AU of Ceres in 1930.<ref>[http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000%20DG8;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=1#cad 2008 DG8 and Ceres in 1930]</ref> || {{MPC|2000+DG8}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 CO|264}} || align="right" | 129.820° || February 14, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 23800 || — || {{MPC|2016+CO264}}
|-
| {{mp|2013 NS|11}} || align="right" | 130.333° || July 5, 2013 || align=center | 0 || 143510 || — || {{MPC|2013+NS11}}
|-
| {{mp|2005 NP|82}} || align="right" | 130.505° || July 6, 2005 || align=center | 1 || 662673 || — || {{MPC|2005+NP82}}
|-
| {{mp|2006 RG|1}} || align="right" | 133.437° || September 1, 2006 || align=center | 4 || 750 || Has an orbit with a data arc of 25 days || {{MPC|2006+RG1}}
|-
| {{mp|2012 YE|8}} || align="right" | 136.049° || December 21, 2012 || align=center | 5 || 1066 || — || {{MPC|2012+YE8}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 AX|13}} || align="right" | 137.204° || January 2, 2017 || align=center | 3 || 1785 || — || {{MPC|2017+AX13}}
|-
| {{mp|2009 QY|6}} || align="right" | 137.668° || August 17, 2009 || align=center | 1 || 43990 || — || {{MPC|2009+QY6}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 TP|93}} || align="right" | 138.330° || October 9, 2016 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 704 || — || {{MPC|2016+TP93}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 YB|13}} || align="right" | 139.682° || December 23, 2016 || align=center | 1 || 50718 || — || {{MPC|2016+YB13}}
|-
| {{mp|2019 EJ|3}} || align="right" | 139.758° || March 4, 2019 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 576 || — || {{MPC|2019+EJ3}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 AO|44}} || align="right" | 139.934° || November 27, 2014 || align=center | 0 || 115821 || — || {{MPC|2015+AO44}}
|-
| {{mpl|(336756) 2010 NV|1}} || align="right" | 140.773° || July 1, 2010 || align=center | 0 || 330022 || Perihelion at 9.4&nbsp;AU, only {{mp|2008 KV|42}} has perihelion further out (154-day data arc) || {{MPC|336756}}
|-
| {{mp|2011 WS|41}} || align="right" | 141.645° || November 24, 2011 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 108 || — || {{MPC|2011+WS41}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 OR|1}} || align="right" | 143.912° || January 25, 2010 || align=center | 1 || 35032 || — || {{MPC|2010+OR1}}
|-
| {{mpl|2010 BK|118}} || align="right" | 143.914° || January 30, 2010 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 374596 || [[Semi-major axis]] of 408 AU with perihelion at 6.1&nbsp;AU in April 2012 (1 year data arc) || {{MPC|2010+BK118}}
|-
| {{LoMP|523797|{{mp|(523797) 2016 NM|56}}}} || align="right" | 144.034° || November 1, 2012 || align=center | 0 || 227052 || — || {{MPC|523797}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 UW|51}} || align="right" | 144.203° || October 23, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 68442 || — || {{MPC|2017+UW51}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 CG|55}} || align="right" | 146.262° || February 15, 2010 || align=center | 0 || 129000 || — || {{MPC|2010+CG55}}
|-
| {{mp|2012 HD|2}} || align="right" | 146.883° || April 18, 2012 || align=center | 0 || 31408 || — || {{MPC|2012+HD2}}
|-
| {{mp|2009 YS|6}} || align="right" | 147.767° || December 17, 2009 || align=center | 0 || 195734 || — || {{MPC|2009+YS6}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 VY|17}} || align="right" | 148.419° || November 5, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 108624 || — || {{MPC|2016+VY17}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 QO|33}} || align="right" | 148.826° || August 16, 2017 || align=center | 1 || 45360 || — || {{MPC|2017+QO33}}
|-
| {{mp|2006 EX|52}} || align="right" | 150.148° || March 5, 2006 || align=center | 0 || 62310 || q=2.58&nbsp;AU and period=274&nbsp;yr || {{MPC|2006+EX52}}
|-
| {{mpl|(612093) 1999 LE|31}} || align="right" | 151.816° || June 12, 1999 || align=center | 2 || 905838 || A damocloid, [[List of Jupiter-crossing minor planets|Jupiter-]] and [[List of Saturn-crossing minor planets|Saturn-crossing minor planet]].<ref>[http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=1999%20LE31;orb=0;cov=0;log=0;cad=1#cad 1999 LE31 approaches to Jupiter and Saturn]</ref> || {{MPC|1999+LE31}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 SN|33}} || align="right" | 152.044° || September 19, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 7590 || — || {{MPC|2017+SN33}}
|-
| {{mp|2018 WB|1}} || align="right" | 152.136° || November 19, 2018 || align=center | 7 || 351 || — || {{MPC|2018+WB1}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 JK|24}} || align="right" | 152.326° || March 3, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 181965 || — || {{MPC|2016+JK24}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 CW|32}} || align="right" | 152.438° || February 2, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 51500 || — || {{MPC|2017+CW32}}
|-
| {{mpl|343158 Marsyas}} || align="right" | 154.367° || April 29, 2009 || align=center | 0 || 771834 || [[Near-Earth object|NEO]] that sometimes has the highest [[relative velocity]] to Earth (79&nbsp;km/s) of known objects that come within 0.5&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] of Earth. However, the relative velocity at 1 AU from the sun is less than 72&nbsp;km/s. || {{MPC|343158}}
|-
| {{mp|2013 LD|16}} || align="right" | 154.736° || June 6, 2013 || align=center | 0 || 14148 || — || {{MPC|2013+LD16}}
|-
| {{mpl|2021 TH|165}} || align="right" | 154.924° || October 11, 2021 || align=center | 3 || 2510 || Retrograde trans-Neptunian object close to a 3:–2 mean-motion [[orbital resonance]] with Neptune. || {{MPC|2021+TH165}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 FK|37}} || align="right" | 155.842° || March 20, 2015 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 748 || — || {{MPC|2015+FK37}}
|-
| {{mp|2010 EB|46}} || align="right" | 156.376° || March 12, 2010 || align=center | 4 || 2460 || — || {{MPC|2010+EB46}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 XR|384}} || align="right" | 157.514° || December 9, 2015 || align=center | 2 || 5580 || — || {{MPC|2015+XR384}}
|-
| {{mp|2000 HE|46}} || align="right" | 158.535° || April 29, 2000 || align=center | 2 || 25960 || — || {{MPC|2000+HE46}}
|-
| {{mp|2015 XX|351}} || align="right" | 159.092° || December 9, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 21120 || — || {{MPC|2015+XX351}}
|-
| {{mp|2012 TL|139}} || align="right" | 160.027° || October 9, 2012 || align=center | 3 || 900 || — || {{MPC|2012+TL139}}
|-
| 2019 CR || align="right" | 160.341° || February 4, 2019 || align=center | 1 || 36993 || — || {{MPC|2019+CR}}
|-
| [[20461 Dioretsa]] || align="right" | 160.428° || June 8, 1999 || align=center | 0 || 256779 || most highly inclined known minor planet from June 8, 1999, to July 13, 2004 || {{MPC|20461}}
|-
| {{mp|2018 DO|4}} || align="right" | 160.475° || February 25, 2018 || align=center | 0 || 261726 || — || {{MPC|2018+DO4}}
|-
| {{mp|2017 JB|6}} || align="right" | 160.735° || May 4, 2017 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 6844 || — || {{MPC|2017+JB6}}
|-
| {{LoMP|523800|{{mp|(523800) 2017 KZ|31}}}} || align="right" | 161.695° || June 23, 2015 || align=center | 0 || 119280 || — || {{MPC|523800}}
|-
| [[514107 Kaʻepaokaʻāwela]] || align="right" | 163.022° || November 26, 2014 || align=center | 0 || 74898 || A Jupiter [[Co-orbital configuration|co-orbital]]. First known example of a retrograde co-orbital asteroid with any of the planets. Might have an interstellar origin. || {{MPC|514107}}<br />[http://www.astro.uwo.ca/~wiegert/2015BZ509/ Src]
|-
| {{mpl|2006 RJ|2}} || align="right" | 164.601° || September 14, 2006 || align=center | 5 || 2849 || — || {{MPC|2006+RJ2}}
|-
| {{mpl|2006 BZ|8}} || align="right" | 165.311° || January 23, 2006 || align=center | 0 || 207459 || — || {{MPC|2006+BZ8}}
|-
| {{mp|2004 NN|8}} || align="right" | 165.525° || July 13, 2004 || align=center | {{sort|9|}} || 23944 || Came within 0.80&nbsp;AU of Saturn on 2007-Jun-05, most highly inclined known minor planet from 2004/07/13-2005/11/01 || {{MPC|2004+NN8}}
|-
| {{LoMP|459870|{{mp|(459870) 2014 AT|28}}}} || align="right" | 165.558° || November 26, 2013 || align=center | 0 || 186598 || — || {{MPC|459870}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 DF|2}} || align="right" | 167.030° || February 28, 2016 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 26 || — || {{MPC|2016+DF2}}
|-
| {{LoMP|330759|{{mp|(330759) 2008 SO|218}}}} || align="right" | 170.324° || September 30, 2008 || align=center | 0 || 1058616 || — || {{MPC|330759}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 UV|114}} || align="right" | 170.569° || October 26, 2014 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 34 || — || {{MPC|2014+UV114}}
|-
| {{mp|2014 CW|14}} || align="right" | 170.764° || February 10, 2014 || align=center | 4 || 1938 || — || {{MPC|2014+CW14}}
|-
| {{mp|2018 TL|6}} || align="right" | 170.919° || October 5, 2018 || align=center | 7 || 270 || — || {{MPC|2018+TL6}}
|-
| {{mp|2016 EJ|203}} || align="right" | 170.988° || March 11, 2016 || align=center | 0 || 18081 || — || {{MPC|2016+EJ203}}
|-
| {{mpl|2006 LM|1}} || align="right" | 172.138° || June 3, 2006 || align=center | {{sort|9|?}} || 48 || Has a data arc of only 2 days, but has a very high inclination || {{MPC|2006+LM1}}
|-
| [[(434620) 2005 VD]] || align="right" | 172.872° || November 1, 2005 || align=center | 0 || 228965 || most highly inclined known minor planet from November 1, 2005, to June 1, 2013 || {{MPC|434620}}
|-
| {{mpl|2013 LA|2}} || align="right" | 175.095° || June 1, 2013 || align=center | 6 || 1075 || Has the highest inclination of any known minor planet || {{MPC|2013+LA2}}
|}

{{note|1}} the value given when the number of observations is multiplied by the observation arc; larger values are generally better than smaller values depending on [[Errors and residuals in statistics|residuals]].

=== {{anchor|List of highly inclined minor planets}} Highly inclined ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! width=180 | [[Astronomical naming conventions#Minor planets|Minor planet designation]]
! [[Inclination]]
! width=140 | Discovery date
! Comment
!  class="unsortable" | Refs
|-
| [[Ceres (dwarf planet)|1 Ceres]] ||align="right"| 10.593°
| January 1, 1801
| most highly inclined known minor planet from January 1, 1801, to March 28, 1802
| {{MPC|1}}
|-
| [[2 Pallas]] ||align="right"| 34.841°
| March 28, 1802
| most highly inclined known minor planet from March 28, 1802, to October 31, 1920
| {{MPC|2}}
|-
| [[944 Hidalgo]] ||align="right"| 42.525°
| October 31, 1920
| most highly inclined known minor planet from October 31, 1920, to May 22, 1950
| {{MPC|944}}
|-
| [[1373 Cincinnati]] ||align="right"| 38.949°
| August 30, 1935
| First main-belt asteroid discovered to have an inclination greater than 2 Pallas. Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from August 30, 1935, to June 14, 1980
| {{MPC|1373}}
|-
| [[1580 Betulia]] ||align="right"| 52.083°
| May 22, 1950
| most highly inclined known minor planet from May 22, 1950, to July 4, 1973
| {{MPC|1580}}
|-
| [[2938 Hopi]] ||align="right"| 41.436°
| June 14, 1980
| Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from June 14, 1980, to September 20, 2000
| {{MPC|2938}}
|-
| [[(5496) 1973 NA]] ||align="right"| 67.999°
| July 4, 1973
| An [[Apollo asteroid]], [[Mars-crosser]] and +1&nbsp;km [[near-Earth object|NEO]]; most highly inclined known minor planet from 4 July 1973 to 8 August 1999.
| {{MPC|5496}}
|-
| {{LoMP|22653|{{mp|(22653) 1998 QW|2}}}} ||align="right"| 45.794°
| August 17, 1998
| Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from August 17, 1998, to October 19, 1998
| {{MPC|22653}}
|-
| {{LoMP|88043|{{mp|(88043) 2000 UE|110}}}} ||align="right"| 51.998°
| October 29, 2000
| First main-belt asteroid discovered and numbered to have an inclination greater than 50°.
| {{MPC|88043}}
|-
| {{LoMP|138925|{{mp|(138925) 2001 AU|43}}}} ||align="right"| 72.132°
| January 4, 2001
| A [[Mars-crosser asteroid|Mars-crosser]] and [[near-Earth object]].
| {{MPC|138925}}
|-
| {{mpl|(127546) 2002 XU|93}} ||align="right"| 77.904°
| December 4, 2002
| A damocloid and [[Scattered disk object|SDO]]. It is almost a [[Uranus]] outer-grazer.
| {{MPC|127546}}
|-
| {{mpl|(196256) 2003 EH|1}} ||align="right"| 70.790°
| March 6, 2003
| A [[Mars-crosser asteroid|Mars-crosser]], [[near-Earth object]] and Jupiter inner-grazer.
| {{MPC|196256}}
|-
| {{mp|1998 UQ|1}} ||align="right"| 64.281°
| October 19, 1998
| Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from 1998/10/19-2007/11/01
| {{MPC|1998+UQ1}}
|-
| {{LoMP|467372|{{mp|(467372) 2004 LG}}}} ||align="right"| 70.725°
| June 9, 2004
| A [[Mercury-crosser asteroid|Mercury-]] through [[Mars-crosser asteroid|Mars-crosser]] and [[near-Earth object]].
| {{MPC|467372}}
|-
| {{mp|2007 VR|6}} ||align="right"| 68.659°
| November 1, 2007
| Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from November 1, 2007, to September 26, 2008
| {{MPC|2007+VR6}}
|-
| {{mp|2008 SB|85}} ||align="right"| 74.247°
| September 26, 2008
| Most highly inclined known main-belt asteroid from September 26, 2008, to March 8, 2010{{Citation needed|date=March 2020|reason=There was a question mark here}}
| {{MPC|2008+SB85}}
|}

=== Trojans ===
* [[Earth trojan]]s: {{mpl|(706765) 2010 TK|7}} and {{mpl|(614689) 2020 XL|5}}.
* [[Mars trojan]]s: {{mpl|(121514) 1999 UJ|7}}, [[5261 Eureka]], {{mpl|(101429) 1998 VF|31}}, {{mpl|(311999) 2007 NS|2}}, {{mpl|(385250) 2001 DH|47}}, {{mpl|2011 SC|191}}, {{mpl|2011 UN|63}}, and the candidate {{mpl|2011 SL|25}}.
* [[Jupiter trojan]]s: the first one was discovered in 1906, [[588 Achilles]], and the current total is over 15,000.

=== Record-setting close approaches to Earth ===<!-- This section is linked from [[Near-Earth asteroid]] -->
{{main|List of asteroid close approaches to Earth}}

== Viewed in detail ==
=== Spacecraft targets ===
{{see also|List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! width=140 | Name !! [[Diameter]]<br />(km) !! Discovered !! Spacecraft !! Year(s) !! Closest<br />approach<br />(km) !! Closest<br />approach<br />(asteroid radii) !! Notes !! class="unsortable"| Landmark(s)
|-
| {{sort|000001|[[Ceres (dwarf planet)|1 Ceres]]}} || 939.4 || {{dts|1801|1|1}} || ''[[Dawn Mission|Dawn]]'' || 2014–2018 || align="right" | {{nts|375|}} || 0.80 || ''Dawn'' took its first "close up" picture of Ceres in December 2014, and entered orbit in March 2015 || First likely dwarf planet visited by a spacecraft, largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft
|-
| {{sort|000004|[[4 Vesta]]}} || 525.4 || {{dts|1807|3|29}} || ''[[Dawn Mission|Dawn]]'' || 2011–2012 || align="right" | {{nts|210}} || 0.76 || ''Dawn'' broke orbit on 5 September 2012 and headed to Ceres, where it arrived in March 2015 || First "big four" asteroid visited by a spacecraft, largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft at the time
|-
| {{sort|000021|[[21 Lutetia]]}} || 120×100×80 || {{dts|1852|11|15}} || ''[[Rosetta space probe|Rosetta]]'' || 2010 || align="right" | {{nts|3,162}} || 64.9 || Flyby on 10 July 2010 || Largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft at the time
|-
| {{sort|000243|[[243 Ida]]}} || 56×24×21 || {{dts|1884|9|29}} || ''[[Galileo spacecraft|Galileo]]'' || 1993 || align="right" | {{nts|2,390}} || 152 || Flyby; discovered [[Dactyl (moon)|Dactyl]] || First asteroid with a moon visited by a spacecraft, largest asteroid visited by spacecraft at the time
|-
| {{sort|000253|[[253 Mathilde]]}} || 66×48×46 || {{dts|1885|11|12}} || ''[[NEAR Shoemaker]]'' || 1997 || align="right" | {{nts|1,212}} || 49.5 || Flyby || Largest asteroid visited by a spacecraft at the time
|-
| {{sort|000433|[[433 Eros]]}} || 13×13×33 || {{dts|1898|8|13}} || ''[[NEAR Shoemaker]]'' || 1998–2001 || align="right" | {{nts|0}} || 0 || 1998 flyby; 2000 orbited (first asteroid studied from orbit); 2001 landing || First asteroid landing, first asteroid orbited by a spacecraft, first near-Earth asteroid (NEA) visited by a spacecraft
|-
| {{sort|000951|[[951 Gaspra]]}} || 18.2×10.5×8.9 || {{dts|1916|7|30}} || ''[[Galileo spacecraft|Galileo]]'' || 1991 || align="right" | {{nts|1,600}} || 262 || Flyby || First asteroid visited by a spacecraft
|-
| {{sort|002867|[[2867 Šteins]]}} || 4.6 || {{dts|1969|11|4}} || ''[[Rosetta space probe|Rosetta]]'' || 2008 || align="right" | {{nts|800}} || 302 || Flyby || First asteroid visited by the [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
|-
| {{sort|004179|[[4179 Toutatis]]}} || 4.5×~2 || {{dts|1934|2|10}} || ''[[Chang'e 2]]'' || 2012||align="right" | {{nts|3.2}} || 0.70 || Flyby<ref>[http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/small-bodies/change-2-images-of-toutatis.html Chang'E 2 images of Toutatis – December 13, 2012 – The Planetary Society]</ref> || Closest asteroid flyby, first asteroid visited by China
|-
| {{sort|005535|[[5535 Annefrank]]}} || 4.0 || {{dts|1942|3|23}} || ''[[Stardust (spacecraft)|Stardust]]'' || 2002 || align="right" | {{nts|3,079}} || 1230 || Flyby || 
|-
| {{sort|009969|[[9969 Braille]]}} || 2.2×0.6 || {{dts|1992|5|27}} || ''[[Deep Space 1]]'' || 1999 || align="right" | {{nts|26}} || 12.7 || Flyby; followed by flyby of [[19P/Borrelly|Comet Borrelly]] || 
|-
| {{sort|025143|[[25143 Itokawa]]}} || 0.5×0.3×0.2 || {{dts|1998|9|26}} || ''[[Hayabusa]]'' || 2005 || align="right" | {{nts|0}} || 0 || Landed; returned dust samples to Earth || First asteroid with returned samples, smallest asteroid visited by a spacecraft, first asteroid visited by a non-NASA spacecraft
|-
| {{sort|162173|[[162173 Ryugu]]}} || 1.0 || {{dts|1999|5|10}} || ''[[Hayabusa2]]'' || 2018–2019 || align="right" | {{nts|0}}|| 0 || Multiple landers/rovers, sample return || First rovers on an asteroid
|-
| {{sort|101955|[[101955 Bennu]]}} || 0.492 || {{dts|1999|9|11}} || ''[[OSIRIS-REx]]'' || 2018–2021 || align="right" | {{nts|0}} || 0 || Sample return || Smallest asteroid orbited, [[potentially hazardous object]]
|-
| {{sort|65803|[[65803 Didymos]]}} || 0.492 || {{dts|1999|9|11}} || ''[[DART (spacecraft)|DART]]''/''[[LICIACube]]'' || 2022 || align="right" | {{nts|1.2}} || 3.2 || Impactor/flyby || Moon [[Dimorphos]] impacted by ''DART'' spacecraft, flown by ''LICIACube''
|-
| {{sort|152830|[[152830 Dinkinesh]]}} || 0.790 || {{dts|1999|10|15}} || ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'' || 2023 || align="right" | {{nts|425}} || 1076 || Flyby; first of 8 planned asteroid flybys || Smallest main-belt asteroid visited to date; discovered first [[Contact binary (small Solar System body)|contact binary]] satellite Selam
|-
| {{sort|52246|[[52246 Donaldjohanson]]}} || 3.9 || {{dts|1981|03|02}} || ''[[Lucy (spacecraft)|Lucy]]'' || 2025 || align="right" | {{nts|960}} || 240 || Flyby; second of 8 planned asteroid flybys ||
|}

=== Surface resolved by telescope or lightcurve ===
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[1 Ceres]]
* [[2 Pallas]]
* [[3 Juno]]
* [[4 Vesta]]
* [[5 Astraea]]
* [[6 Hebe]]
* [[7 Iris]]
* [[8 Flora]]
* [[9 Metis]]
* [[10 Hygiea]]
* [[12 Victoria]]
* [[13 Egeria]]
* [[14 Irene]]
* [[15 Eunomia]]
* [[16 Psyche]]
* [[18 Melpomene]]
* [[26 Proserpina]]
* [[29 Amphitrite]]
* [[35 Leukothea]]
* [[37 Fides]]
* [[51 Nemausa]]
* [[52 Europa]]
* [[65 Cybele]]
* [[87 Sylvia]]
* [[89 Julia]]
* [[121 Hermione]]
* [[130 Elektra]]
* [[201 Penelope]]
* [[216 Kleopatra]]
* [[324 Bamberga]]
* [[511 Davida]]
* [[925 Alphonsina]]
* [[1140 Crimea]]
* [[9969 Braille]]
* [[(33342) 1998 WT24]]
* [[66391 Moshup]]
* [[(136617) 1994 CC]]
* [[(285263) 1998 QE2]]
* [[(357439) 2004 BL86]]
{{div col end}}

=== Multiple systems resolved by telescope ===
{{main|Minor-planet moon}}
* [[90 Antiope]]

=== Comet-like activity ===
{{main|Active asteroid}}
* [[2006 VW139]]
* [[P/2013 P5]]

=== Disintegration ===
* [[6478 Gault]]
* [[P/2013 R3]]

== Timeline ==

=== Landmark asteroids ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width=140 | Name !! [[Diameter]] (km) !! width=140 | Discovered !! Comment
|-
| [[1 Ceres]] || 939 || January 1, 1801 || First asteroid discovered
|-
| [[5 Astraea]] || 117 || December 8, 1845 || First asteroid discovered after original four (38 years later)
|-
| [[20 Massalia]] || 136 || September 19, 1852 || First asteroid named after [[Marseille|city]]
|-
| [[45 Eugenia]] || 202 ||June 27, 1857 || First asteroid named after [[Eugénie de Montijo|living person]]
|-
| [[87 Sylvia]] || 261 || May 16, 1866 || First asteroid known to have more than one moon (determined in 2005)
|-
| [[90 Antiope]] || 80×80 || October 1, 1866 || Double asteroid with two nearly equal components; its double nature was discovered using [[adaptive optics]] in 2000
|-
| [[216 Kleopatra]] || 217×94 || April 10, 1880 || Metallic asteroid with "ham-bone" shape and 2 satellites
|-
| [[243 Ida]] || 56×24×21 || September 29, 1884 || First asteroid known to have a [[Minor-planet moon|moon]] (determined in 1994)
|-
| [[Dactyl (moon)|243 Ida I Dactyl]] || 1.4 || February 17, 1994 || Moon of [[243 Ida]], first confirmed satellite of an asteroid
|-
| [[279 Thule]] || 127 || October 25, 1888 || Orbits in the asteroid belt's outermost edge in a 3:4 [[orbital resonance]] with Jupiter
|-
| [[288 Glauke]] || 32 || February 20, 1890 || Exceptionally slow rotation period of about 1200&nbsp;hours (2&nbsp;months)
|-
| [[323 Brucia]] || 36 || December 22, 1891 || First asteroid discovered by means of [[astrophotography]] rather than visual observation
|-
| [[433 Eros]] || 13×13×33 || August 13, 1898 || First [[near-Earth asteroid]] discovered and the second largest; first asteroid to be detected by radar; first asteroid orbited and landed upon
|-
| [[482 Petrina]] || 23.3 || March 3, 1902 || First asteroid named after dog
|-
| [[490 Veritas]] || 115 || September 3, 1902 || Created in one of the largest asteroid-on-asteroid collisions of the past 100&nbsp;million years
|-
| [[588 Achilles]] || 135.5 || February 22, 1906 || First [[Jupiter trojan]] discovered
|-
| [[624 Hektor]] || 370×195 || February 10, 1907 || Largest [[Jupiter trojan]] discovered
|-
| [[719 Albert]] || 2.4 || October 3, 1911 || Last numbered asteroid to be lost then recovered
|-
| [[935 Clivia]] || 6.4 ||September 7, 1920 || First asteroid named after flower
|-
| [[1090 Sumida]] || 13 || February 20, 1928 || Lowest numbered asteroid with no English Wikipedia entry
|-
| [[1125 China]] || 27 || October 30, 1957 || First asteroid discovery to be credited to an institution rather than a person
|-
| [[1566 Icarus]] || 1.4 || June 27, 1949 || First [[list of Mercury-crossing minor planets|Mercury crosser]] discovered
|-
| [[2309 Mr. Spock]] || 21.3 || August 16, 1971 || First asteroid named after cat
|-
| [[3200 Phaethon]] || 5 || October 11, 1983 || First asteroid discovered from space; source of [[Geminids]] [[meteor shower]].
|-
| [[3753 Cruithne]] || 5 || October 10, 1986 || Unusual Earth-associated orbit
|-
| [[4179 Toutatis]] || 4.5×2.4×1.9 || January 4, 1989 || Closely approached Earth on September 29, 2004
|-
| [[4769 Castalia]] || 1.8×0.8 || August 9, 1989 || First asteroid to be [[radar]]-imaged in sufficient detail for [[3D modeling]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=1994 Release #9412 |publisher=[[NASA]] |date=1994-02-18 |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/94/release_1994_9412.html |access-date=2008-04-17 }}</ref>
|-
| [[5261 Eureka]] || ~2–4 || June 20, 1990 || First [[Mars trojan]] ([[Lagrangian point]] {{L5}}) discovered
|-
| [[11885 Summanus]] || 1.3 || September 25, 1990 || First automated discovery of a [[near-Earth object]] (NEO)
|-
| [[(29075) 1950 DA]] || 1.1 || February 23, 1950 || Small chance to collide with Earth in 2880 (1 in 2,600 or 0.039%)<ref name="impact-risk-summary"/>
|-
| [[69230 Hermes]] || 0.3 || October 28, 1937 || Named but not numbered until its recovery in 2003 (65&nbsp;years later)
|-
| [[99942 Apophis]] || 0.3 || June 19, 2004 || First asteroid to rank greater than one on the [[Torino Scale]] (it was ranked at 2, then 4; now down to 0). Previously better known by its [[provisional designation]] 2004 MN<sub>4</sub>.
|-
| [[152830 Dinkinesh#Satellite|152830 Dinkinesh I Selam]]|| 0.22 || November 1, 2023 || First satellite discovered to be a contact-binary
|-
| {{mpl|(433953) 1997 XR|2}} || 0.23 || December 4, 1997 || First asteroid to rank greater than zero on the impact-risk [[Torino Scale]] (it was ranked 1; now at 0)
|-
| {{mpl|1998 KY|26}} || 0.030 || June 2, 1998 || Approached within 800,000&nbsp;km of Earth
|-
| {{mpl|2002 AA|29}} || 0.1 || January 9, 2002 || Unusual Earth-associated orbit
|-
| [[2004 FH]] || 0.030 || March 15, 2004 || Discovered before it approached within 43,000&nbsp;km of Earth on March 18, 2004.
|-
| {{mpl|2008 TC|3}} || ~0.003 || October 6, 2008 || First Earth-impactor to be spotted ''before'' impact (on October 7, 2008)
|-
| {{mpl|(706765) 2010 TK|7}} || ~0.3 || October 2010 ||First [[Earth trojan]] to be discovered
|-
| [[2014 RC]] || ~0.017 || September 1, 2014 || Asteroid with fastest rotation: 16.2 seconds
|}

=== Numbered minor planets that are also comets ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width=180 | Name !! width=180 | Cometary name !! Comment
|-
| [[2060 Chiron]] || 95P/Chiron || First [[Centaur (minor planet)|centaur]] discovered in 1977, later identified to exhibit cometary behaviour. Also one of two minor planets (excluding [[dwarf planet]]s) known to have a [[Rings of Chiron|ring system]]
|-
| [[4015 Wilson–Harrington]] || 107P/Wilson–Harrington || In 1992, it was realized that asteroid 1979 VA's orbit matched it with the positions of the lost comet Wilson–Harrington (1949 III)
|-
| [[7968 Elst–Pizarro]] || 133P/Elst–Pizarro || Discovered in 1996 as a comet, but orbitally matched to asteroid {{mp|1979 OW|7}}
|-
| [[60558 Echeclus]] || 174P/Echeclus || Centaur discovered in 2000, comet designation assigned in 2006
|-
| [[118401 LINEAR]] || 176P/LINEAR (LINEAR 52) || [[Main-belt comet]]–[[asteroid]] discovered to have a [[coma (cometary)|coma]] on November 26, 2005
|}

The above table lists only numbered asteroids that are also comets. Note there are several cases where a non-numbered minor planets turned out to be a [[comet]], e.g. [[C/2001 OG108 (LONEOS)]], which was provisionally designated {{mp|2001 OG|108}}.

=== Minor planets that were misnamed and renamed ===

In earlier times, before the modern numbering and naming rules were in effect, asteroids were sometimes given numbers and names before their orbits were precisely known. And in a few cases duplicate names were given to the same object (with modern use of computers to calculate and compare orbits with old recorded positions, this type of error no longer occurs). This led to a few cases where asteroids had to be renamed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/SBNast/archive/DISCOVER/discnote.tab |title=Archived copy |access-date=2004-04-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040703204537/http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/SBNast/archive/DISCOVER/discnote.tab |archive-date=2004-07-03 }}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
! width=210 | Minor planet name
! Description
|-
|[[330 Adalberta]] || An object discovered March 18, 1892, by [[Max Wolf]] with provisional designation "1892 X" was named [[330 Adalberta]], but was lost and never recovered. In 1982 it was determined that the observations leading to the designation of 1892 X were stars, and the object never existed. The name and number 330 Adalberta was then reused for another asteroid discovered by Max Wolf on February 2, 1910, which had the provisional designation A910 CB.
|-
|[[525 Adelaide]] and [[1171 Rusthawelia]]|| The object A904 EB discovered March 14, 1904, by [[Max Wolf]] was named [[525 Adelaide]] and was subsequently lost. Later, the object [[1930 TA]] discovered October 3, 1930, by [[Sylvain Arend]] was named [[1171 Rusthawelia]]. In those pre-computer days, it was not realized until 1958 that these were one and the same object. The name Rusthawelia was kept (and discovery credited to Arend); the name 525 Adelaide was reused for the object 1908 EKa discovered October 21, 1908, by [[Joel Hastings Metcalf]].
|-
|[[715 Transvaalia]] and [[933 Susi]] || The object 1911 LX discovered April 22, 1911, by [[H. E. Wood]] was named [[715 Transvaalia]]. On April 23, 1920, the object 1920 GZ was discovered and named [[933 Susi]]. In 1928 it was realized that these were one and the same object. The name Transvaalia was kept, and the name and number 933 Susi was reused for the object 1927 CH discovered February 10, 1927, by [[Karl Reinmuth]].
|-
|[[864 Aase]] and [[1078 Mentha]] || The object A917 CB discovered February 13, 1917, by [[Max Wolf]] was named [[864 Aase]], and the object 1926 XB discovered December 7, 1926, by [[Karl Reinmuth]] was named [[1078 Mentha]]. In 1958 it was discovered that these were one and the same object. In 1974, this was resolved by keeping the name 1078 Mentha and reusing the name and number [[864 Aase]] for the object [[1921 KE]], discovered September 30, 1921, by [[Karl Reinmuth]].
|-
|[[1095 Tulipa]] and [[1449 Virtanen]] || The object 1928 DC discovered February 24, 1928, by [[Karl Reinmuth]] was named [[1095 Tulipa]], and the object 1938 DO discovered February 20, 1938, by [[Yrjö Väisälä]] was named [[1449 Virtanen]]. In 1966 it was discovered that these were one and the same object. The name 1449 Virtanen was kept and the name and number 1095 Tulipa was reused for the object 1926 GS discovered April 14, 1926, by [[Karl Reinmuth]].
|-
| [[1125 China]] and [[3789 Zhongguo]] || The object 1928 UF discovered October 25, 1928, by [[Zhang Yuzhe]] (Y. C. Chang) was named [[1125 China]], and was later lost. Later, the object {{mp|1957 UN|1}} was discovered on October 30, 1957, at [[Purple Mountain Observatory]] and was initially incorrectly believed to be the rediscovery of the object 1928 UF. The name and number 1125 China were then reused for the object {{mp|1957 UN|1}}, and 1928 UF remained lost. In 1986, the object {{mpl|1986 QK|1}} was discovered and proved to be the real rediscovery of 1928 UF. This object was given the new number and name [[3789 Zhongguo]]. Note ''Zhongguo'' is the [[Mandarin Chinese]] word for "China", in [[pinyin]] transliteration.
|-
| Asteroid 1317 and [[787 Moskva]]|| The object 1914 UQ discovered April 20, 1914, by [[G. N. Neujmin]] was named [[787 Moskva]] (and retains that name to this day). The object 1934 FD discovered on March 19, 1934, by [[C. Jackson]] was given the sequence number 1317. In 1938, G. N. Neujmin found that asteroid 1317 and 787 Moskva were one and the same object. The sequence number 1317 was later reused for the object 1935 RC discovered on September 1, 1935, by [[Karl Reinmuth]]; that object is now known as [[1317 Silvretta]].
|}

=== Landmark names ===
Asteroids were originally named after female mythological figures. Over time the rules loosened.

First asteroid with non-Classical and non-Latinized name: [[64 Angelina]] (in honor of a research station)

First asteroid with a non-feminine name: [[139 Juewa]] (ambiguous) or [[141 Lumen]]

First asteroid with a non-feminized man's name: [[433 Eros]]

Lowest-numbered unnamed asteroid ({{as of|2024}}): {{mpl|(4596) 1981 QB}}

== Landmark numbers ==
Many landmark numbers had specially chosen names for asteroids, and there was some debate about whether Pluto should have received number 10000, for example. This list includes some non-asteroids.

{{Flexbox|min-width=14em |max-width=14em
|'''1 × Powers of 10'''
* [[1 Ceres]]
* [[10 Hygiea]]
* [[100 Hekate]]
* [[1000 Piazzia]]
* [[10000 Myriostos]]
* [[100000 Astronautica]]
<nowiki/><!--These nowiki tags are a hack to fix a bug that results in ill-formed HTML. Don't remove them unless the resulting HTML is well formed.-->|'''2 × Powers of 10'''
* [[2 Pallas]]
* [[20 Massalia]]
* [[200 Dynamene]]
* [[2000 Herschel]]
* [[20000 Varuna]] (KBO)
* [[200000 Danielparrott]]
<nowiki/>|'''3 × Powers of 10'''
* [[3 Juno]]
* [[30 Urania]]
* [[300 Geraldina]]
* [[3000 Leonardo]]
* [[30000 Camenzind]]
* {{mpl|(300000) 2006 UW|30}}
<nowiki/>|'''4 × Powers of 10'''
* [[4 Vesta]]
* [[40 Harmonia]]
* [[400 Ducrosa]]
* [[4000 Hipparchus]]
* {{mpl|(40000) 1998 HZ|87}}
* {{mpl|(400000) 2006 DK|190}}
<nowiki/>|'''5 × Powers of 10'''
* [[5 Astraea]]
* [[50 Virginia]]
* [[500 Selinur]]
* [[5000 IAU]]
* [[50000 Quaoar]] (KBO)
* {{mpl|(500000) 2011 PM|6}}
<nowiki/>|'''6 × Powers of 10'''
* [[6 Hebe]]
* [[60 Echo]]
* [[600 Musa]]
* [[6000 United Nations]]
* [[60000 Miminko]]
* {{mpl|(600000) 2011 EG|29}}
<nowiki/>|'''7 × Powers of 10'''
* [[7 Iris]]
* [[70 Panopaea]]
* [[700 Auravictrix]]
* [[7000 Curie]]
* {{mpl|(70000) 1998 XX|6}}
* {{mpl|(700000) 1994 UX|10}}
<nowiki/>|'''8 × Powers of 10'''
* [[8 Flora]]
* [[80 Sappho]]
* [[800 Kressmannia]]
* [[8000 Isaac Newton]]
* {{mpl|(80000) 1999 FR|33}}
* {{mpl|(800000) 2013 YN|87}}
<nowiki/>|'''9 × Powers of 10'''
* [[9 Metis]]
* [[90 Antiope]]
* [[900 Rosalinde]]
* [[9000 Hal]]
* {{mpl|(90000) 2002 TK|102}}
}}

{{Flexbox|min-width=14em |max-width=14em
|'''Repeated 1'''
* [[1 Ceres]]
* [[11 Parthenope]]
* [[111 Ate]] 
* [[1111 Reinmuthia]] 
* [[11111 Repunit]]
* {{mpl|(111111) 2001 VO|84}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 2'''
* [[2 Pallas]]
* [[22 Kalliope]]
* [[222 Lucia]]
* [[2222 Lermontov]]
* [[22222 Hodios]]
* {{mpl|(222222) 2000 FK|15}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 3'''
* [[3 Juno]]
* [[33 Polyhymnia]]
* [[333 Badenia]]
* [[3333 Schaber]]
* {{mpl|(33333) 1998 SP|66}}
* {{mpl|(333333) 2001 RC|3}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 4'''
* [[4 Vesta]]
* [[44 Nysa]]
* [[444 Gyptis]]
* [[4444 Escher]]
* {{mpl|(44444) 1998 UZ|19}}
* {{mpl|(444444) 2006 CL|67}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 5'''
* [[5 Astraea]]
* [[55 Pandora]]
* [[555 Norma]]
* [[5555 Wimberly]]
* [[55555 DNA]]
* {{mpl|(555555) 2014 AG|4}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 6'''
* [[6 Hebe]]
* [[66 Maja]]
* [[666 Desdemona]]
* [[6666 Frö]]
* {{mpl|(66666) 1999 TL|9}}
* {{mpl|(666666) 2010 SR|59}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 7'''
* [[7 Iris]]
* [[77 Frigga]]
* [[777 Gutemberga]]
* [[7777 Consadole]]
* {{mpl|(77777) 2001 QW|16}}
* {{mpl|(777777) 2009 HB|115}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 8'''
* [[8 Flora]]
* [[88 Thisbe]]
* [[888 Parysatis]]
* [[8888 Tartaglia]]
* {{mpl|(88888) 2001 SE|288}}
<nowiki/>|'''Repeated 9'''
* [[9 Metis]]
* [[99 Dike]]
* [[999 Zachia]]
* [[9999 Wiles]]
* [[(99999) 1981 FP]]
}}

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=24em}}
* [[List of minor planets]]
* [[List of minor planets named after people]]
* [[List of minor planets named after places]]
* [[List of instrument-resolved minor planets]]
* [[List of minor planet moons]]
* [[List of Mercury-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Venus-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Earth-crossing asteroids]]
* [[List of Mars-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Jupiter-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Saturn-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Uranus-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Neptune-crossing minor planets]]
* [[List of Solar System objects by size]]
* [[Lists of astronomical objects]]
* [[List of predicted asteroid impacts on Earth]]
* [[Small Solar System body]]
* [[Amor asteroid]]
* [[Apollo asteroid]]
* [[Aten asteroid]]
* [[Atira asteroid]]
* [[Centaur (small Solar System body)]]
* [[ʻOumuamua]]
{{Div col end}}

== Books ==
* ''Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, 5th ed.: <small>Prepared on Behalf of Commission 20 Under the Auspices of the International Astronomical Union</small>'', [[Lutz D. Schmadel]], {{ISBN|3-540-00238-3}}

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="jpl-big">{{cite web
  |title     = JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: asteroids and orbital class (IMB or MBA or OMB) and diameter > 120 (km)
  |publisher = [[JPL Solar System Dynamics]]
  |url       = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=ast;obj_numbered=all;ast_orbit_class=IMB;ast_orbit_class=MBA;ast_orbit_class=OMB;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;c1_group=OBJ;c1_item=Ap;c1_op=%3E;c1_value=120;table_format=HTML;max_rows=500;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcApAiBhBgBjBiBnBs;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=ApD |access-date= 2012-04-16
 }}</ref>

<ref name="Pitjeva-2005">{{cite journal
  |last      = Pitjeva
  |first     = E. V.
  |author-link= Elena V. Pitjeva
  |title     = High-Precision Ephemerides of Planets—EPM and Determination of Some Astronomical Constants
  |journal   = [[Solar System Research]]
  |publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]]
  |date      = May 2005
  |volume    = 39
  |issue     = 3
  |pages     = 184
  |doi       = 10.1007/s11208-005-0033-2
  |bibcode   = 2005SoSyR..39..176P|citeseerx=10.1.1.475.9201
 |s2cid = 120467483
 }}</ref>

<!-- Not in use
<ref name="Pitjeva05">{{cite conference
  |first     = E. V.
  |last      = Pitjeva
  |title     = Estimations of masses of the largest asteroids and the main asteroid belt from ranging to planets, Mars orbiters and landers
  |book-title = 35th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 18–25 July 2004, in [[Paris, France]]
  |pages     = 2014
  |date      = 2004
  |bibcode   = 2004cosp...35.2014P
 }}</ref>
Not in use-->

<ref name="impact-risk-summary">{{cite web
  |title     = Sentry: Earth Impact Monitoring {{!}} 29075 (1950 DA) Earth Impact Risk Summary
  |website   = [[JPL]] Center for Near Earth Object Studies
  |url       = https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/sentry/details.html#?des=29075
  |date      = 24 January 2025
  |access-date= 31 January 2025
 }}</ref>
</references> <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.org/iau/lists/MPLists.html Lists and plots: Minor Planets]
* [http://www.psi.edu/pds/ PDS Asteroid Data Archive]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040402051239/http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/sbnhtml/index.html SBN Small Bodies Data Archive]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/19990508161132/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/ NASA Near Earth Object Program]
* [http://www.hohmanntransfer.com/news.htm Major News About Minor Objects]
* [https://www.thenationstimes.in/2020/07/Nasa-warning-July-twenty-four-2020-colossal-Asteroid-bigger-Than-London-Eye-Approaching-Earth.html Latest News About Asteroids & Meteorites]
*

{{Asteroids}}
{{Portal bar|Astronomy|Stars|Spaceflight|Outer space|Solar System}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Notable Asteroids}}
[[Category:Lists of asteroids| ]]
[[Category:Lists of small Solar System bodies|Exceptional asteroids]]