View source for List of fires

{{Incomplete list|date=January 2024}}
{{Short description|None}}
[[File:San francisco fire 1906.jpg|right|thumb|550px|{{quote|Not in history has a modern imperial city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone.|}}[[Jack London]] after the [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]] and fire<ref>{{Cite journal
  | last = London
  | first = Jack
  | title = The Story of an Eyewitness by Jack London
  | journal = Collier's, the National Weekly
  | publisher = The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco
  | date = May 5, 1906
  | url = http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist5/jlondon.html
  | access-date = August 29, 2006}}</ref>]]
This article is a list of notable fires.

==Town and city fires==
[[File:Turun palo 1827.jpg|thumb|Painting of the [[Turku Cathedral|Cathedral]] and the [[Academy of Turku|Academy building]] after the [[Great Fire of Turku]], by [[Gustaf Wilhelm Finnberg]], 1827]]
{{Main|List of town and city fires}}

==Building or structure fires==
{{main|List of building or structure fires|List of fires at places of worship}}

==Transportation fires==
{{main|List of transportation fires}}

==Mining (including oil and natural gas drilling) fires==
{{See also|Coal seam fire|Oil well fire}}
This is a partial list of fire due to [[mining]]: human-made structures to extract minerals, ores, rock, petroleum, natural gas, etc.
{{Sticky header}}
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
|+
!Date
!Location
!Dead/injured
!Details
!References
|-
|1884 to present
|[[New Straitsville, Ohio]]
|
|Coal mine fire ignited by striking miners
|World's Greatest Mine Fire<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/New_Straitsville_Mine_Fire| access-date=September 15, 2023 | title=New Straitsville Mine Fire| publisher=Ohio History Central }}</ref>
|-
|31 May 1892
|[[Příbram]], now in the [[Czech Republic]],
|319/?
|Fire in Marine iron mine
|
|-
|7 September 1895
|[[Osceola Township, Houghton County, Michigan]]
|30/?
|[[Osceola Mine|Osceola copper mine]] caught fire
|<ref>{{Cite report|last=Newett|first = George A. |date=1896 |title=State of Michigan: Mines and Mineral Statistics|url=http://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/GIMDL-MS1896_302587_7.pdf |publisher=State of Michigan |page=90 |access-date=May 7, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|7 April 1911
|[[Colliery]], [[Throop, Pennsylvania]],
|72/?
|Fire at the Prince-Pancoast, leaving 72 dead by suffocation
|<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.throopboro.com/history.htm | title = History | work = Welcome to the Borough of Throop: "A Great Place to Live" | publisher = Borough of Throop | location = Throop, Pennsylvania | access-date = 15 March 2014}}</ref>
|-
|1915 to present
|[[Luzerne County, Pennsylvania]]
|
|[[Laurel Run mine fire]] ignited when a [[carbide lamp]] set fire to a timber support
|
|-
|1956
|Belgium
|262/?
|{{Interlanguage link multi|Bois du Cazier fire|fr|3=Bois du Cazier}} killed 262 people from 12 nations
|
|-
|1962
|Algeria
|
|[[Devil's Cigarette Lighter]] fire in a gas field, lasted almost 6 months before doused with explosives
|
|-
|1962 to present
|Pennsylvania
|
|[[Centralia Mine Fire]], rendering the town uninhabitable
|
|-
|1967 to present
|[[Kukruse, Kohtla-Järve|Kukruse]], [[Estonia]]
|
|A continuously burning [[gangue]] mound at the Kukruse mine
|
|-
|1971 to present
|[[Derweze]], [[Ahal Province]], [[Turkmenistan]]
|
|[[Darvaza gas crater]] fire in a [[natural gas field]]
|
|-
|morning of 2 May 1972
|[[Kellogg, Idaho]]
|91/?
|Fire broke out in the [[Sunshine Mine]], on the morning of 2 May; 91 workers died from [[smoke inhalation]] or [[carbon monoxide poisoning]]
|
|-
|16 September 1986
|[[Kinross, Mpumalanga|Kinross]], [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]], South Africa
|177/235
|[[Kinross mining disaster]] fire in a gold mine owned by the General Mining Union Corporation 
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19860918&id=IrZAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qqUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4105,4488326|title=Mine disaster toll rises to 177|last=Evander|first=Robert Ricci|date=September 18, 1986|newspaper=Glasgow Herald|page=4}}</ref>
|-
|6 July 1988
|North Sea
|167/?
|''[[Piper Alpha]]'' [[oil platform]] disaster
|
|-
|1991
|[[Kuwait|State of Kuwait]]
|
|[[Kuwaiti oil fires]] following the [[Gulf War]]
|
|-
|rowspan=2|2010
|Gulf of Mexico
|11/17
|Explosion and fire on the ''[[Deepwater Horizon explosion|Deepwater Horizon]]'' mobile offshore drilling unit
|
|-
|New Zealand
|29/?
|[[Pike River Mine disaster]] in New Zealand; a series of three explosions in the mine was followed by a fourth which set fire to the coal. 29 miners and contractors perished.
|
|-
|4 December 2015
|Caspian Sea
|12+18 missing /?
|[[Gunashli Platform No.10 fire]] broke out on the offshore oil and gas platform in the Azerbaijani section of the Caspian Sea; 12 confirmed deaths, 18 missing.
|
|}

*

==Forest and countryside fires==

{{See also|List of wildfires}}
{{Sticky header}}
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
|-
!Date
!Location
!Dead/injured
!Details
!References
|-
|8 October 1871
|Michigan
|>200/?
|A series of fires across the state, the most severe of which was the Port Huron fire. The combined Michigan fires killed over 200 people and burned about 1.2 million acres. Occurred on the same day as the Great Chicago Fire and the Peshtigo Fire.
|[[Great Michigan Fire]]
|-
|8 October 1871
|Wisconsin
|1,500–2,500/?
|Deadliest wildfire in world history. Death toll can only be estimated because entire towns with all town records were incinerated. Burned over 1.2 million acres. Occurred on the same day as the Great Chicago Fire and the Great Michigan Fires.
|[[Peshtigo Fire]]
|-
|1910
|[[North Idaho]] and [[Western Montana]]
|87/?
|The largest Fire in U.S. history burned an area the size of [[Connecticut]] ({{convert|3000000|acres|km2|disp=sqbr}}), killing 87 people, including 78 firefighters
|[[Great Fire of 1910]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2010/aug/15/1910-fire-region-consumed/|title=Forest fire, the largest in U.S. history, left stories of awe, tragedy|work=Spokesman.com|date=2010-08-15|access-date=2018-07-27|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1911
|rowspan="2"|Ontario
|73–200/?
|
|[[Great Porcupine Fire]]
|-
|29 July 1916
|223/?
|Six towns destroyed, two more damaged
|[[Matheson Fire]]
|-
|12 October 1918
|Minnesota
|453/?
|
|[[1918 Cloquet Fire]]
|-
|1921
|
|35/?
|
|[[1921 Mari wildfires]]
|-
|1922
|Northern Ontario
|
|Several towns destroyed including 90% of the city of [[Haileybury, Ontario]]
|[[Great Fire of 1922]]
|-
|1933
|[[Los Angeles, California]],
|29/?
|Griffith Park fire in [[Los Angeles, California]], killed 29 firefighters on 3 October.
|[[1933 Griffith Park fire]]
|-
|1933
|[[Tillamook Burn]], [[Oregon]]
|
|
|
|}
*
*
* 1936{{snd}}[[Kursha-2]], 1200 killed
* 1936{{snd}}[[Bandon, Oregon]], Bandon's entire commercial district was destroyed, total loss stated at the time was US$3 million, with 11 fatalities. 
* 1937{{snd}}[[Blackwater Fire of 1937]] in [[Shoshone National Forest]] in [[Wyoming]], killed 15 firefighters on 21 August.
* 1939{{snd}}[[Black Friday bushfires]] in Australia. 71 people killed.
* 1949{{snd}}[[1949 Landes forest fire]], {{convert|256000|acre|km2}} lost, 82 people killed.
* 1949{{snd}}[[Mann Gulch fire]]
* 1953{{snd}}[[Rattlesnake Fire]], set by an arsonist named Stan Pattan, in [[Mendocino National Forest]] near [[Willows, California]], killed 15 firefighters on 9 July.
* 1963{{snd}}[[Paraná (state)|Paraná]] forest fire, 20,000 square kilometres destroyed, killing at least 110, with 5,000 houses burned in September.
* 1966{{snd}}[[Serra de Sintra]] forest fire, outskirt of [[Lisbon]], Portugal, {{convert|26.6|km2|acres}} destroyed, killing 26.
* 1967{{snd}}[[1967 Tasmanian fires]] in [[Tasmania]], Australia, 62 killed and over 900 injured.
* 1971{{snd}}Kure forest fire, [[Kure, Hiroshima|Kure]], western [[Honshū]], Japan, 18 firefighters killed on 27 April.
* 1975{{snd}}[[Fire on the Lüneburg Heath]] in north Germany, 80 square kilometres destroyed, 7 fatalities including 5 firefighters killed on 1p August.
* 1983{{snd}}[[Ash Wednesday bushfires]] killed 75 people and injured more than 2600 others in South Australia and Victoria.
* 1987{{snd}}[[1987 Black Dragon fire]] in [[People's Republic of China]], burned for a month
* 1988{{snd}}[[Yellowstone fires of 1988]] largest, most expensive wildfire in the history of the National Park Service, at the world's first national park.
* 1991{{snd}}[[Oakland firestorm of 1991]], Oakland, California, U.S., killed 25 people and injured 150 others.
* 1994{{snd}}[[Isabela Island (Galápagos)|Isabela Island]] forest fire, Galápagos Island, Ecuador, 12&nbsp;km² lost in April.
* 1994{{snd}}[[South Canyon Fire]] on [[Storm King Mountain (Colorado)|Storm King Mountain]] near [[Glenwood Springs, Colorado]] kills fourteen firefighters on 6 July.
* 2002{{snd}}[[Biscuit Fire]], the largest wildfire in the recorded history of Oregon
* 2003{{snd}}[[2003 Canberra bushfires|Canberra bushfires]], [[Australian Capital Territory]], 4 killed and 435 injured
* 2003{{snd}}[[Cedar Fire]], destroyed over 550 homes and many acres of land, Southern California
* 2003{{snd}}[[2003 Okanagan Mountain Park fire]], British Columbia
* 2005{{snd}}[[Eyre Peninsula bushfire]], [[South Australia]], 9 killed, at least 113 injured and 79 houses destroyed
* 2006{{snd}}[[Pilliga forest]] fire burned out 740&nbsp;km² on just its first day
* 2007{{snd}}[[October 2007 California wildfires]]
* 2008{{snd}}[[Summer 2008 California wildfires]], second costliest in US history to extinguish.
* 2009{{snd}}[[Black Saturday bushfires]] In February, at the end of the [[early 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave]], bushfires swept through the Australian state of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] killing 180 people, injuring around 500, destroying at least 2029 homes.
* 2010{{snd}}[[2010 Russian wildfires]], 2000 buildings, 8000&nbsp;km² destroyed, 54 killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/story/pozhary/ |title=Lenta.ru: Natural fires of the Summer 2010 |work=Lenta.RU |access-date=16 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115153755/http://lenta.ru/story/pozhary/ |archive-date=15 November 2012 }}</ref>
* 2010{{snd}}[[2010 Mount Carmel forest fire]] in Israel led to 44 fatalities.
* 2011{{snd}}Fires across parts of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, during the [[Easter]] holidays, destroying many parks and forests.
* 2011{{snd}}[[2011 Texas wildfires|Summer fire outbreak across Texas]] claimed almost 4 million acres in over 21,000 fires. Approximately 7,000 homes were lost and approximately 50,000 homes in direct danger were saved by fire departments across the state.
* 2011{{snd}}Two wildfires burn in [[Bastrop, Texas]]; 2 people killed, 34,000 acres burned, over 1000 houses and other structures destroyed
* 2011{{snd}}Swinley Forest, UK, 12 fire services attended from various counties to extinguish this forest fire in Berkshire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbfrs.co.uk/incidents.html#section1|title=Incidents |website=Royal Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-berkshire-13292400|title=BBC News – Swinley Forest fire 'largest in Berkshire's history'|date=5 May 2011|website=BBC News|access-date=20 February 2015}}</ref>
* 2015{{snd}}[[2015 Sampson Flat bushfires|Sampson Flat bushfires]], [[Mount Lofty Ranges]], [[South Australia]], destroyed 12,500 hectares (31,000 acres) of native forest, farmland, vineyards and 27 houses, with no human fatalities
* 2016{{snd}}A [[2016 Portugal wildfires|series of wildfires]] raged across mainland [[Portugal]] and the Portuguese [[archipelago]] of [[Madeira]].
* 2017{{snd}}Between 30 and 40 [[gorse]] fires raged across the country [Ireland] between late April and early May. [[Cloosh Valley]] saw the worst of these fires with {{convert|1,500|hectare|sqmi}} of forest damaged.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/environment/frightening-galway-blaze-among-30-wildfires-raging-across-ireland-1.3076493|title='Frightening' Galway blaze among 30 wildfires raging across Ireland|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=2017-05-09|language=en-US}}</ref>
* 2017{{snd}}A [[June 2017 Portugal wildfires|series of wildfires]], burn across [[Pedrógão Grande]] and [[Nodeirinho]] in [[Portugal]], killing at least 66 people and injuring at least 204 others.
* 2017{{snd}}Fires consumed hundreds of thousands of acres of [[Oregon]]'s [[Deschutes National Forest]], [[Columbia River Gorge]] [[National Scenic Area (United States)|National Scenic Area]], and the [[Willamette National Forest]] during August and September, causing evacuations and road closures. Fires included the [[Chetco Bar Fire]] and the [[Eagle Creek Fire]], which also spread into [[Skamania County, Washington]], United States.<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/r06/willamette United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)] USDA Forest Service website.</ref><ref>[http://wildfireoregondeptofforestry.blogspot.com/ DOF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907055538/http://wildfireoregondeptofforestry.blogspot.com/ |date=2017-09-07 }} Dept. of Forestry Blog: "ODF Daily Fire Update - Monday, September 4, 2017."</ref><ref>[http://www.kgw.com/news/with-oregon-on-fire-where-should-you-go-or-avoid-this-labor-day-weekend/469660585 ''KGW News''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906040557/http://www.kgw.com/news/with-oregon-on-fire-where-should-you-go-or-avoid-this-labor-day-weekend/469660585 |date=2017-09-06 }} "With Oregon on fire, where should you go, or avoid, this Labor Day Weekend?" 31 August 2017.</ref>
*2018{{snd}}[[Camp Fire (2018)|Camp Fire]] in California. Began November 8, 2018; caused 85 deaths and destroyed 18,804 structures.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2277 |title=Camp Fire Incident Information |last1=California |first1=State of |website=www.fire.ca.gov |date=December 6, 2018 |access-date=December 7, 2018 |archive-date=December 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207134414/http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2277 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Moleski |first=Vincent |title=Camp Fire death count drops to 85 while missing list drops to 2 following arrest |url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/california/fires/article225956280.html |newspaper=Sacramento Bee |access-date=June 13, 2019|date=February 17, 2019}}</ref>
*2018{{snd}}[[Woolsey Fire]] in California, which broke out on the same day as the Camp Fire. Resulted in three deaths and the destruction of 1,643 structures,<ref>{{cite web|title=Woolsey Fire Incident Update|url=https://www.fire.lacounty.gov/woolsey-fire-incident/|website=[[Los Angeles County Fire Department]]|access-date=November 22, 2018|archive-date=November 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112231819/https://www.fire.lacounty.gov/woolsey-fire-incident/|url-status=dead}}</ref> among them, the homes of notable celebrities.
*2019{{snd}}[[2019 Nelson fires]] – Two wildfires, 20 kilometres apart in [[Nelson, New Zealand|Nelson]] and [[Tasman District]], New Zealand, started on 5 February 2019. The Pigeon Valley fire was described as the country's largest since 1955 and New Zealand's largest aerial firefight on record with 22 helicopters involved.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/110656487/nelson-bush-fire-helicopter-crashes-fighting-fires-in-tasman-district|access-date=17 February 2019|title=Nelson bush fire: Helicopter crashes fighting fires in Tasman district|date=17 February 2019|work=[[Stuff.co.nz]]}}</ref>
*2019{{snd}}[[2019–20 Australian bushfire season|Gospers Mountain bushfire]] – Starting on 29 October 2019, this rapidly became the largest single-ignition fire from lightning strike Australia has ever seen, reaching over {{convert|512,000|hectare|sqmi}} with a perimeter of {{convert|1,503|km|mi}}, the Gospers Mountain Fire has officially been set to contained on 13 January 2020, at 12:00.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-12|title=Live: NSW Now: Gospers Mountain fire contained after burning through 512,000 hectares|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-13/monday-morning-briefing-january-13/11861250|access-date=2020-06-09|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU}}</ref>
*2020{{snd}}[[2020 Cagua fire|Cagua fire]] – On 23 January 2020, a fire was started in the ''Agrícola del Lago'' reed bed in [[Cagua]], [[Aragua]] state, [[Venezuela]]. Eleven people were confirmed to have died as a result of the fire, all but two being minors.<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 January 2020|title=La Fiscalía venezolana eleva a los 11 muertos en un incendio, 9 de ellos menores|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/america/sociedad/la-fiscalia-venezolana-eleva-a-los-11-muertos-en-un-incendio-9-de-ellos-menores/20000013-4158239|website=[[EFE]]|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=24 January 2020|title=Al menos 10 muertos, 7 de ellos menores de edad, en un incendio en Venezuela|language=es|work=[[La Voz de Galicia]]|url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/internacional/2020/01/24/10-muertos-7-menores-edad-incendio-venezuela/00031579847948401931327.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=24 January 2020|title=Al menos 10 muertos, 7 de ellos niños, en un incendio en Venezuela|url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/4128406/0/al-menos-10-muertos-7-de-ellos-menores-de-edad-en-un-incendio-en-venezuela/|website=[[20 Minutos]]|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=24 January 2020|title=Incendio en Venezuela deja 11 personas muertas, incluidos 9 niños|url=https://www.france24.com/es/20200124-incendio-en-venezuela-deja-10-personas-muertas-incluidas-7-ni%C3%B1os-1|publisher=[[France 24]]|language=es}}</ref>
*2025{{Snd}}[[Eaton Fire]] in [[Greater Los Angeles|Los Angeles area]], California{{Snd}}Began January 7, 2025; destroyed 5,000 structures and caused 6 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eaton Fire: Incident Update on 01/10/2025 at 4:01 PM {{!}} CAL FIRE |url=https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/eaton-fire/updates/4bc74bcb-9b5d-4af0-a967-f58336160f46 |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=www.fire.ca.gov}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Tanyos |first=Faris |last2=Baldwin |first2=Sarah Lynch |last3=Freiman |first3=Jordan |last4=Dakss |first4=Brian |last5=Breen |first5=Kerry |date=2025-01-10 |title=Deadly Southern California fires destroy thousands of homes, decimate Los Angeles area |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/live-updates/california-windstorm-fuels-pacific-palisades-wildfire-as-residents-flee-live-updates/ |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
*2025{{Snd}}[[Palisades Fire]] in Los Angeles area, California{{Snd}}Began January 7, 2025; caused 5 deaths and more than 12,000 structures damaged or destroyed, more than 150,000 people evacuated.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Palisades Fire: Incident Update on 01/10/2025 at 6:47 PM {{!}} CAL FIRE |url=https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2025/1/7/palisades-fire/updates/a32adbdb-42fb-4c58-8d95-c53b8b36d39d |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=www.fire.ca.gov}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=II |first=Rong-Gong Lin |last2=Haggerty |first2=Noah |last3=Sheets |first3=Connor |last4=Vives |first4=Ruben |last5=Wick |first5=Julia |last6=Fry |first6=Hannah |last7=Toohey |first7=Grace |last8=Goldberg |first8=Noah |last9=Ellis |first9=Rebecca |date=2025-01-11 |title=Palisades fire flare-up forces more evacuations as L.A. reels from staggering losses |url=https://www.latimes.com/california/live/2025-01-10/fire-los-angeles-california-eaton-palisades-updates |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Commons category|Fires}}
*List of fires by locations
** [[List of fires in Canada]]
** [[List of fires in China]]
** [[List of fires in Kyoto]]
* [[List of accidents and disasters by death toll]]
* [[List of the largest artificial non-nuclear explosions]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*  {{Cite news| date=2014-11-04|title=Deadly drink fanned the flames of 1875|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/features/deadly-drink-fanned-the-flames-of-1875-296142.html|access-date=2020-06-09|newspaper=Irish Examiner |language=en}} Irish Examiner article on 1875 fire

{{Fire fighting}}
{{Fire}}
{{Natural disasters}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fires}}
[[Category:Lists of fires| ]]