View source for List of names for the biblical nameless

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
[[File:MosesRescued FromTheNile.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Nicolas Poussin]]'s ''[[Moses]] rescued from the [[Nile]]'' (1638) shows [[Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)|Pharaoh's daughter]], who is unnamed in the Bible, but called Bithiah in Jewish tradition.]]

Some people who appear in the [[Bible]] but whose names are not given there have names that are given in [[Judaism#Religious texts|Jewish religious texts]], Christian [[sacred tradition]], or [[Apocrypha|apocryphal texts]].

==Hebrew Bible==
===Serpent of Genesis===
[[Revelation 12]] is thought to identify the [[Serpents in the Bible#Eden|serpent]] with [[Satan]], unlike the [[pseudepigrapha|pseudepigraphical]]-[[Biblical apocrypha|apocryphal]] [[Apocalypse of Moses]] ([[Vita Adae et Evae]]) where the Devil works with the serpent.<ref>The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha: Expansions of the "Old ... James H. Charlesworth - 1985 "He seeks to destroy men's souls (Vita 17:1) by disguising himself as an angel of light (Vita 9:1, 3; 12:1; ApMos 17:1) to put into men "his evil poison, which is his covetousness" (epithymia, ..."</ref>

===Wives of the antediluvian patriarchs===
The [[pseudepigrapha|pseudepigraphical]] [[Book of Jubilees]] provides names for a host of otherwise unnamed biblical characters, including wives for most of the [[antediluvian]] [[Patriarchs (Bible)|patriarchs]]. The last of these is [[Noah's wife]], to whom it gives the name of ''Emzara''. Other Jewish traditional sources contain many different names for Noah's wife.

The Book of Jubilees says that Awan was [[Adam and Eve]]'s first daughter. Their second daughter Azura married [[Seth]]. For many of the early wives in the series, ''Jubilees'' notes that the patriarchs married their sisters.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Patriarch 
!Wife
|-
||[[Cain]] || {{ubl|[[Awan (religious figure)|Âwân]]|Nod<ref name="nod">[http://www.avbtab.org/rc/read/nod.htm Nod's Land] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130226033055/http://www.avbtab.org/rc/read/nod.htm |date=26 February 2013 }}. Avbtab.org.</ref>}}
|-
||[[Seth]] || Azûrâ 
|-
||[[Enos (biblical figure)|Enos]] || Nôâm 
|-
||[[Kenan]] || Mûalêlêth 
|-
||[[Mahalalel]] || Dinah
|-
||[[Jared (biblical figure)|Jared]] || Baraka
|-
||[[Enoch (ancestor of Noah)|Enoch]] || Edna
|-
||[[Methuselah]] || Edna 
|-
||[[Lamech (father of Noah)|Lamech]] (Seth's line) || Betenos 
|-
||[[Noah]] || {{ubl|Emzârâ|[[Naamah (Genesis)|Naamah]]<ref name="nod" />}}
|}
The ''[[Cave of Treasures]]'' and the earlier ''Kitab al-Magall'' (part of [[Clementine literature]]) name entirely different women as the wives of the patriarchs, with considerable variations among the extant copies.

The Muslim historian [[Ibn Ishaq]] (c. 750), as cited in [[al-Tabari]] (c. 915), provides names for these wives which are generally similar to those in ''Jubilees'', but he makes them [[Cainites]] rather than [[Sethianism|Sethites]], despite clearly stating elsewhere that none of Noah's ancestors were descended from Cain.

===Cain and Abel's sisters===

{{see also|Cain and Abel}}
:Name: [[Aclima]] (or Calmana or Luluwa)
:source: ''[[Golden Legend]]'',<ref name="adam">[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/GoldenLegend-Volume1.htm#Adam Medieval Sourcebook: The Golden Legend: Volume 1 (full text)], Fordham.edu.(Dead link 2/2/2022)</ref> which also tells stories about many of the saints

Appears in the Bible at: Genesis 4:17

:Name: Delbora
:source: ''Golden Legend'',<ref name="adam" /> which also tells stories about many of the saints

Appears in the Bible at: Genesis 4

See also: [[Balbira and Kalmana]], [[Azura (religious figure)|Azura]] and [[Awan (religious figure)|Awan]] for alternate traditions of names.

=== Noah's wife ===
{{see also|Noah}}

:Name: ''[[Naamah (Genesis)|Naamah]]''
:Source: [[Genesis Rabbah|Midrash Genesis Rabbah]] 23:4

Appears in the Bible at: Genesis 4:22; Gen. 7:7

Daughter of [[Lamech (descendant of Cain)|Lamech]] and Zillah and sister of [[Tubal-cain]] (Gen. iv. 22). According to Abba ben Kahana, Naamah was Noah's wife and was called "Naamah" (pleasant) because her conduct was pleasing to God. But the majority of the rabbis reject this statement, declaring that Naamah was an idolatrous woman who sang "pleasant" songs to idols.

See also [[Wives aboard the Ark]] for a list of traditional names given to the wives of Noah and his sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

===Ham's wife===
{{See also|Wives aboard Noah's Ark}}
:Name: ''[[Egyptus]]''
:Source: [[Book of Abraham]]&nbsp;&nbsp;

Appears in the Bible in Genesis 7 and 6

The [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Mormon]] Book of Abraham, first published in 1842, mentions Egyptus ([https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/abr/1.23?lang=eng Abraham 1:23]) as being the name of Ham's wife; his daughter apparently had the same name (v. 25).

=== Nimrod's wife ===
A large body of legend has attached itself to [[Nimrod]], whose brief mention in Genesis merely makes him "a mighty hunter in the face of the [[Tetragrammaton|Lord]]". (The biblical account makes no mention of a wife at all.) These legends usually make Nimrod to be a sinister figure, and they reach their peak in Hislop's ''[[The Two Babylons]]'', which make Nimrod and his wife [[Semiramis]] to be the original authors of every false and [[paganism|pagan]] religion.

===Mother of Abraham===

:Name: ''Amatlai bat Karnevo''
:Source: [[Babylonian Talmud]], [[Bava Batra]] 91a<ref name="BB91a">''[https://www.sefaria.org/Bava_Batra.91a Bava Batra 91a]'', The William Davidson digital edition of the Koren Noé Talmud, Sefaria.org</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Genesis]]

===Lot's married daughter===
{{see also|Lot's daughters}}

:Name: ''Paltith''
:Source: [[Sefer haYashar (midrash)|Book of Jasher]] 19:24<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://sacred-texts.com/chr/apo/jasher/19.htm Book of Jasher, Chapter 19]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Genesis]]

===Lot's wife===

:Name: ''Ado'' (or  ''Edith'', or ''Erith'')
:Source: [[Sefer haYashar (midrash)|Book of Jasher]] 19:52 (Ado);<ref name=autogenerated1 /> ''[[Pirkei De-Rabbi Eliezer]]'' (Edith)<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Friedlander |editor-first=Gerald |url=https://archive.org/details/pirkderabbieli00frieuoft/page/186/mode/2up |title=Pirkê de Rabbi Eliezer |page=186 |date=1916 |location=London |publisher=Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co}}</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Genesis]]

===Laban's wife===
{{Redirect|Adinah}}

: Name: ''Adinah''
: Source: [[Sefer haYashar (midrash)|Book of Jasher]] 28:28<ref>[http://sacred-texts.com/chr/apo/jasher/28.htm Book of Jasher, Chapter 28]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Genesis]]

=== Potiphar's wife ===
[[File:Joseph and Potiphar's Wife.jpg|thumb|Joseph and Potiphar's Wife, by [[Guido Reni]] 1631]]
{{see also|Potiphar}}

:Name: ''[[Zuleikha (tradition)|Zuleikha]]''
:Source: The ''Sefer Hayyashar'', a book of Jewish lore published in [[Venice]] in 1625.[https://www.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/Shokel/960102_Joseph.html]  Also, the Persian mystical poem "[[Yusuf and Zulaikha]]" by [[Jami]], 15th century.

Appears in the Bible at: Genesis 39:12

Potiphar's wife attempted to [[seduce]] [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]] in [[Egypt]].

=== Pharaoh's daughter ===

:Name: Merris
:Source: Eusebius of Caesarea (Preparation for the Gospel 9.15)

:Name: Merrhoe
:Source: Eustathius of Antioch (Commentary on Hexameron MPG 18.785)

:Name: Thermutis
:Source: Flavius Josephus

:Name: ''[[Bithiah]]'' or ''Bitya''
:Source: [[Leviticus Rabbah]]

:Name: ''[[Sobekneferu]]'' or ''Neferusobek''
:Source: ''Unwrapping the Pharaohs''
:{{cite book |last1=Ashton |first1=John |last2=Down |first2=David |date=22 September 2006 |title=Unwrapping the Pharaohs |url=https://answersingenesis.org/answers/books/unwrapping-pharaohs/ |publisher=Master Books |pages=87–90 |chapter=Chapter 12: Pharaohs of the Oppression |chapter-url=https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/ancient-egypt/pharaohs-of-the-oppression/ |isbn=978-0-890-51468-9 |access-date=3 February 2015}}

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 2

Pharaoh's daughter, who drew [[Moses]] out of the water, is known as ''[[Bithiah]]'' in Jewish tradition (identifying her with the "Pharaoh's daughter Bithiah" in [[Books of Chronicles|1 Chronicles]] 4:18).

===Simeon's wife===

:Name: Bunah
:Source: [[Sefer haYashar (midrash)|Book of Jasher]] 34:36<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/apo/jasher/34.htm Book of Jasher, Chapter 34]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Legends of the Jews Volume 1 Chapter 6<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/loj/loj108.htm Chapter VI: Jacob]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref>

:Name: Dinah
:Source: [[Midrash Bereshit Rabba]] 80:11. After Simeon and Levi slaughtered the men of Shechem, Dinah refused to go with them unless someone married her and raised the child of Prince Chamor she was carrying as his own. Simeon did this.

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Genesis|Genesis 34]]

=== Pharaoh's magicians ===

:Names: ''[[Jannes and Jambres]]''
:Source: [[2 Timothy]] 3:8,<ref>[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Timothy%203:8&version=31 Passage Lookup: 2 Timothy 3:8]. BibleGateway.com.</ref> [[Sefer haYashar (midrash)|Book of Jasher]] chapter 79,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/apo/jasher/79.htm Book of Jasher, Chapter 79]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Antiquities of the Jews Book 2,<ref name=AJ2>{{cite web | url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/josephus/ant-2.htm | title=Antiquities of the Jews - Book II | publisher=Internet Sacred Text Archive | access-date=14 June 2018 }}</ref> Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ Chapter 109,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/agjc/agjc109.htm Chapter 106]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. VIII,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/ecf/008/0081258.htm Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol VIII: Apocrypha of the New Testament.: Chapter 5]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Easton's Bible Dictionary,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/ebd/ebd196.htm Easton's Bible Dictionary]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> ''[[The Book of the Bee]]'' Chapter 30,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/bb/bb30.htm Chapter XXX – The History of Moses' Rod]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Vol. XIII,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/ecf/113/1130119.htm Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Vol. XIII: The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Timothy, Titus, and Philemon.: 2 Timothy 3:1–7]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Legends of the Jews Volume 2 Chapter 4,<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/loj/loj206.htm Chapter IV: Moses in Egypt]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> [[Chronicles of Jerahmeel]], [[Chester Beatty Papyri|Papyrus Chester Beatty XVI]]: ''[[Apocryphon of Jannes and Jambres]]''

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 7

The names of Jannes and Jambres, or Jannes and Mambres, were well known through the ancient world as magicians.  In this instance, nameless characters from the [[Hebrew Bible]] are given names in the [[New Testament]]. Their names also appear in numerous Jewish texts.

=== The Cushitic wife of Moses ===

:Name: [[Tharbis]]
:Source: Flavius Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, Book II, Chapter 10<ref name=AJ2 />

:Name: ''Adoniah''
:Source: Book of Jasher, 23.5–25.5

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Numbers|Numbers]] 12

=== <span id="Job's wife"></span> Job's wives ===
{{main|Job's wife}}
[[File:Georges de La Tour 044.jpg|thumb|upright=0.85|[[Georges de La Tour]], <br>''[[Job Taunted by his Wife]]''.]]
:Names: ''Sitis'', ''Dinah''
:Source: The apocryphal [[Testament of Job]]<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=332&letter=J Job, Testament Of:]. JewishEncyclopedia.com.</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Job]]

Apocryphal Jewish folklore says that Sitis, or Sitidos, was Job's first wife, who died during his trials.  After his temptation was over, the same sources say that [[Job (biblical figure)|Job]] remarried [[Dinah]], [[Jacob]]'s daughter who appears in Genesis.

:Name: ''Raḥma''
:Source: Islamic tradition<ref name="geoffroy">Eric Geoffroy et Néfissa Geoffroy : Le grand livre des prénoms arabes – Plus de 5500 prénoms classés par thèmes avec leurs correspondances en français, Albin Michel, 2009.</ref>
The source does not tell which wife of Job has this name.

=== Jephthah's daughter ===
{{see also|Jephthah's daughter}}
:Name: ''Seila''
:Source: ''[[Pseudo-Philo|Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum]]''
:Name: ''Adah''
:Source: [[Order of the Eastern Star]]<ref>[http://www.scoes.org/adah.htm Adah] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129031511/http://scoes.org/adah.htm |date=29 November 2010 }}, South Carolina Order of the Eastern Star website.</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Judges|Judges]] 11

The ''[[Pseudo-Philo|Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum]]'' falsely ascribes itself to the Jewish author [[Philo]].  It in fact did not surface until the sixteenth century; see ''[[Works of Philo]]''.

===Samson's mother===
{{see also|Manoah's wife}}
:Name: ''[[Tzelelponit]]''
:Source: [[Babylonian Talmud]], [[Bava Batra]] 91a<ref name="BB91a" />

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Judges]] 13

===David's mother===

:Name: [[Nitzevet|Nitzevet bat Adael]]
:Source: [[Babylonian Talmud]], [[Bava Batra]] 91a<ref name="BB91a"/>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Samuel]]

=== The Witch of Endor ===
[[File:Saul and the Witch of Endor by Jacob Cornelisz van Oostsanen.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.2|''Saul and the Witch of Endor'' by [[Jacob Cornelisz van Oostsanen]], 1526.]]
{{see also|Witch of Endor}}

:Name: ''Sedecla''
:Source: ''[[Pseudo-Philo|Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum]]''

Appears in the Bible at: [[Books of Samuel|1 Samuel]] 28

===The Man of God===
:Name: ''[[Iddo (prophet)|Iddo]]'' or ''[[Jadon#The prophet Jadon|Jadon]]''
:Source:<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8048-iddo Jewish Encyclopedia]</ref>
::Named ''Jadon'' by [[Josephus]] in ''[[The Antiquities of the Jews]]'' ''VIII.8.5''

Appears in the Bible at: [[2 Chronicles]] 12:15 and [[1 Kings]] 13

=== The wise woman of Abel ===
{{see also|Wise woman of Abel}}
:Name: ''[[Serah]]''
:Source: [[Aggadah|Aggadic Midrash]]<ref>[[Rashi]] on [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15880/showrashi/true 2 Samuel 20:19].</ref>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Books of Samuel|2 Samuel]] 20

=== The Queen of Sheba ===
[[File:Horse-sheba.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|An Ethiopian [[fresco]] of the Queen of Sheba travelling to Solomon.]]
{{see also|Queen of Sheba}}
:Name: ''Makeda''
:Source: Traditional [[Ethiopia]]n lore surrounding Emperor [[Menelik I]]; see the [[Kebra Nagast]]

:Name: ''Nicaule''
:Source: [[Josephus]]

:Name: ''[[Bilqis]]''
:Source: Islamic traditions

Appears in the Bible at: [[1 Kings 10]]; [[2 Chronicles 9]]

According to Ethiopian traditions, the Queen of Sheba returned to Ethiopia pregnant with King [[Solomon]]'s child.  She bore Solomon a son that went on to found a [[Solomonic dynasty|dynasty]] that ruled Ethiopia until the fall of Emperor [[Haile Selassie]] in 1974.

=== Jeroboam's wife ===
{{see also|Wife of Jeroboam}}
:Name: Ano
:Source: [[Septuagint]]

Appears in the Bible at: 1 [[Books of Kings|Kings]] 14

===Haman's mother===

:Name: ''Amatlai bat Orevti''
:Source: [[Babylonian Talmud]], [[Bava Batra]] 91a<ref name="BB91a"/>

Appears in the Bible at: [[Book of Esther]]

==Old Testament deuterocanonicals==
[[File:Ciseri, Antonio - Das Martyrium der sieben Makkabäer - 1863.jpg|thumb|upright|right|[[Antonio Ciseri|Ciseri]]'s ''Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabees'' (1863) depicts the [[woman with seven sons]].]]

The [[Deuterocanonical books]], sometimes called the "[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]", are considered canonical by Catholics, [[Eastern Orthodox]], and [[Oriental Orthodox]] (though these churches' lists of books differ slightly from each other).

=== Seven Maccabees and their mother ===
:Name: Habroun, Hebsoun, Bakhous, Adai, Tarsai, Maqbai and Yawnothon.
:Source: [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac]] tradition

:Name: Abim, Antonius, Gurias, Eleazar, Eusebonus, Alimus and Marcellus.
:Source: Eastern Orthodox Tradition
The [[woman with seven sons]] is a Jewish [[martyr]] who is unnamed in [[2 Maccabees]] 7, but is named Hannah, Miriam, Shamuna and Solomonia in other sources. According to Eastern Orthodox tradition, her sons, the "Holy Maccabean Martyrs" (not to be confused with the martyrs in the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Church|Ethiopian]] book of [[Meqabyan]]), are named Abim, Antonius, Gurias, Eleazar, Eusebonus, Alimus and Marcellus. According to the [[West Syrian Rite|Syriac]] [[Maronites|Maronite]] Fenqitho (book of festal offices), the name of the mother is Shmooni while her sons are Habroun, Hebsoun, Bakhous, Adai, Tarsai, Maqbai and Yawnothon.<ref>Maronite Church, Fenqitho, v. 1, Lilyo of the Feast of Shmooni and Her Seven Sons</ref>

=== The seven Archangels ===
:Name: [[Michael (archangel)|Michael]], [[Gabriel]], [[Raphael (archangel)|Raphael]], [[Uriel]], [[Samael|Simiel]], [[Oriphiel]], and [[Raguel (angel)|Raguel]].
:Source: [[Pope Gregory I]]

:Name: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, [[Selaphiel]], [[Jegudiel]] and [[Barachiel]]
:Source: [[Byzantine Catholic]] and [[Eastern Orthodox]] Tradition

:Name: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, [[Camael]], [[Jophiel]], and [[Zadkiel]].
:Source: [[Pseudo-Dionysius]]<ref>''A Dictionary of Angels, Including the Fallen Angels'' by Gustav Davidson, 1980, Free Press Publishing</ref>

:Name: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, [[Suriel]], Zadkiel, [[Sarathiel]], and [[Ananiel]].
:Source: [[Coptic Orthodox]] tradition<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tasbeha.org/hymn_library/view/419|title=2. Intercessors :: The Heavenly Orders Doxology :: ذوكصولوجية للسمائيين|website=tasbeha.org|access-date=18 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/FreeCopticBooks-014-Various-Authors/001-Al-Mala2ka/The-Angels__39-Other-Archangels.html|title=رؤساء الملائكة الآخرين - كتاب الملائكة - St-Takla.org|first=Michael Ghaly -|last=Alex|website=st-takla.org|access-date=18 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://st-takla.org/FAQ-Questions-VS-Answers/01-Questions-Related-to-The-Holy-Bible__Al-Ketab-Al-Mokaddas/016-Angels-and-Archangels.html|title=الملائكة.. ما هم، وما هو عدد وأسماء رؤساء الملائكه؟ - St-Takla.org|first=Michael|last=Ghlay|website=st-takla.org|access-date=18 March 2018}}</ref>

:Name: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael,  Uriel, [[Sarakiel]], [[Remiel]] and Raguel
:Source: [[Book of the Watchers]]

[[Book of Tobit|Tobit]] 12:15 reads "I am Raphael, one of the [[Seven archangels|seven holy angels]], which present the prayers of the saints, and which go in and out before the glory of the Holy One."<ref>[https://archive.today/20120711011302/http://etext.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=KjvTobi.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=12&division=div1 Tobit 12:15]. Etext.virginia.edu.</ref> Of the six unnamed [[seven Archangels|archangels]], [[Michael (archangel)|Michael]] is named in the [[Book of Daniel]], and [[Gabriel]] is named in the [[Gospel of Luke]].<ref>[[Book of Daniel|Daniel]] 12:1; [[Gospel According to Luke|Luke]] 1:19.</ref>

The [[Book of Enoch]], deuterocanonical in the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Church]], names the remaining four archangels [[Uriel]], [[Raguel (angel)|Raguel]], [[Zerachiel]], and [[Ramiel]].<ref>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/boe/boe023.htm Enoch XX]. Sacred-texts.com.</ref> Other sources name them Uriel, Izidkiel, [[Haniel]], and Kepharel.<ref>James Hastings, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ynjtxhjj4QkC&pg=PA201 A Dictionary of the Bible: Volume IV, Part I: Pleroma–Shimon]'', 1898, reprinted 2004 by the Minerva Group, {{ISBN|1-4102-1728-0}}, p. 202 (RAPHAEL).</ref> In the [[Coptic Orthodox Church]] the names of these four archangels are given as Suriel, Sedakiel, Sarathiel and Ananiel.  Several other sets of names have also been given.

==New Testament==

=== The Magi ===
[[File:Magi (1).jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|The [[Three Wise Men]] are given the names Caspar, Melchior, and Balthasar in this late 6th century [[mosaic]] from the [[Basilica]] of [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo|Saint Apollinarius]] in [[Ravenna]], Italy.]]
{{main article|Biblical Magi}}
* Names: Balthasar, Melqon, Gaspar
:Source: ''Armenisches Kindheitsevangelium''<ref>Wilhelm Schneemelcher, Neutestamentarische Apokryphen. In deutscher Übersetzung: 2 Bde., Mohr Siebeck; 1999</ref>
* Names: Balthasar, Melchior, and Caspar (or Gaspar)
:Source: European folklore
* Names: Basanater, Hor, and Karsudan
:Source: The ''[[Book of Adam]]'', an apocryphal [[Ethiopia]]n text
* Names: Larvandad, Hormisdas, and Gushnasaph
:Source: [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac]] Christian folklore
* Names: Manatho, Alchor, and Gaspar
:Source: White Shrine of Jerusalem - Masonic

Appear in the Bible at Matthew 2.
	
The Gospel does not state that there were, in fact, three magi or when exactly they visited Jesus, only that multiple magi brought three gifts: gold, [[frankincense]], and [[myrrh]].  Nevertheless, the number of magi is usually extrapolated from the number of gifts, and the [[three wise men]] are a staple of Christian [[nativity scene]]s.  While the European names have enjoyed the most publicity, other faith traditions have different versions. According to the ''Armenisches Kindheitsevangelium'', the three magi were brothers and kings, namely Balthasar, king of India; Melqon, king of [[Persia]]; and Gaspar, king of [[Arabia]]. The [[Christianity in China#Christianity in the contemporary PRC|Chinese Christian Church]]{{clarify|reason=Which one?|date=May 2013}} believes that the [[astronomer]] [[Liu Xiang (scholar)|Liu Xiang]] was one of the wise men.

=== The Nativity shepherds ===
[[File:Kölner Maler um 1330 001.jpg|right|thumb|upright=0.9|The Shepherds]]
{{main article|Annunciation to the shepherds}}
* Names: Asher, Zebulun, Justus, Nicodemus, Joseph, Barshabba, and Jose
:Source: The Syrian ''[[Book of the Bee]]'' written by Bishop Shelemon in the [[Aramaic language]] in the thirteenth century.

Appear in the Bible at [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]] 2.

=== Jesus' sisters ===
* Names: Maria
:Source: [[Gospel of Philip]]<ref>Wilhelm Schneemelcher, Neutestamentarische Apokryphen. In deutscher Übersetzung: 2 Bde., Mohr Siebeck; 1999, Vol. 1, p. 159</ref>
* Names: Assia and Lydia
:Source: ''[[History of Joseph the Carpenter]]''<ref name=autogenerated2>Wilhelm Schneemelcher, Neutestamentarische Apokryphen. In deutscher Übersetzung: 2 Bde., Mohr Siebeck; 1999, Vol. 1, p. 363</ref>
* Names: Maria or Anna, Salomé
:Source: [[Epiphanius of Salamis]]<ref name=autogenerated2 />
* Names: Martha, Esther, and Salome
:Source: [[Hippolytus of Thebes]], Chronicle<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UmzFEAAAQBAJ&dq=fragments+of+%27chronicle%27+hippolytus&pg=PA33 |title = Fragments of 'Chronicle' |isbn = 9781960069603|last1 = Curtin|first1 = D. P.|date = 1 July 2023}}</ref>

That Jesus had sisters is mentioned in {{bibleverse|Mark|6:3|NRSV}} and {{bibleverse|Matthew|13:55-56|NRSV}}, although their exact number is not specified in either gospel. See {{section link|Brothers of Jesus#Jesus' brothers and sisters}}.

The various versions of Epiphanius differ on whether one of the sisters was named Maria or Anna.

=== The Innocents ===
{{Main article|Massacre of the Innocents}}
* Names: [[Sicarius of Brantôme]], [[St. Memorius]]
:Source: [[Helena (empress)|St. Helena]]<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-1HS5gCZ1w4C&pg=PA46|first=Patricia Healy |last=Wasyliw|title=Martyrdom, Murder, and Magic: Child Saints and Their Cults in Medieval Europe|volume=2|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8204-2764-5|page=46}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dA-Fq90TD1QC|first=Thomas J. |last=Craughwell|title=Saints Preserved: An Encyclopedia of Relics|publisher=Doubleday Religious Publishing Group|year=2011|page=267|isbn=9780307590732 }}</ref><ref>Jean Du Puy, ''L'Etat de l'Eglise du Périgord depuis le christianisme'' (Daloy, 1629), Original from Lyon Public Library (Bibliothèque jésuite des Fontaines).  Digitized 20 December 2010, p. 268.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://perigord-dronne-belle.fr/en/abbatiale-saint-pierre-de-brantome-PCUAQU024FS000K2/|title=Abbatiale Saint-Pierre de Brantôme|publisher=PÉRIGORD Dronne Belle|access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref>
Appears in the Bible at: [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 2:6–18.

=== Herodias' daughter ===
* Name: [[Salome]]
:Source: The ''[[Jewish Antiquities]]'' of [[Josephus]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sacred-texts.com/jud/josephus/ant-18.htm |title=Antiquities of the Jews – Book XVIII |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |access-date=12 August 2010}}</ref> although that reference does not connect her with John the Baptist.
Appears in the Bible at [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 14, [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] 6.

=== Peter's wife ===
* Name: Perpetua
:Source: [[Acts of Peter]] and [[The Passion of Saints Perpetua and Felicity]]

=== Syrophoenician woman ===
{{Main|Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter}}
* Name: Justa
:Source: 3rd century pseudo-[[Clementine literature|Clementine homily]]<ref>Orthodox Church Fathers, Pseudo-Clementine Literature, [http://orthodoxchurchfathers.com/fathers/anf08/anf0846.htm Chapter XIX.- Justa, a Proselyte], retrieved 31 December 2017</ref>
Appears in the Bible at [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 15, [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] 7.
According to the same source, her daughter was Berenice.

=== The child with Jesus ===
* Name: [[Ignatius of Antioch|Ignatius]]
:Source: Early Christian Tradition
Appears in the Bible at [[Mark 9]].

Several early Christian writers recorded a legend that the child whom Jesus took in his arms in Mark 9 was [[Ignatius of Antioch|St. Ignatius of Antioch]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07644a.htm |title=St. Ignatius of Antioch |encyclopedia=Catholic Encyclopedia |publisher=New Advent |last=O'Connor |first=J.B. |year=1910}}</ref>

=== Hæmorrhaging woman ===
* Name: Berenice
:Source: Apocryphal [[Gospel of Nicodemus]]
* Name: ''[[Saint Veronica|Veronica]]''
:Source: Latin translation of the apocryphal [[Gospel of Nicodemus]] ([https://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/lbob/lbob10.htm Gos. Nicodemus 5:26])
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|Matthew|9:20–22}}.

Veronica is a Latin variant of Berenice ({{langx|el|Βερενίκη}}). Veronica or Berenice obtained some of Jesus' blood on a cloth at the [[Crucifixion]] (see also: [[Veil of Veronica]]).{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}} Tradition identifies her with the woman who was healed of a bleeding discharge in the Gospel.

=== Samaritan woman at the well ===
* Name: [[Photini]]
:Source: [[Eastern Orthodox]] Church Tradition
Appears in the Bible at John 4:5–42.

In the tradition of the Eastern Orthodox Church, the name of the woman at the well when she met Jesus is unknown, but she became a follower of Christ, received the name Photini in baptism, proclaimed the Gospel over a wide area, and was later martyred. She is recognized as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

=== Damned rich man ===
* Name: [[Nineveh]]
:Source: [[Coptic language|Coptic]] folklore
* Name: Phineas
:Source: Pseudo-[[Cyprian]], ''De pascha computus''
* Name: [[Lazarus and Dives|Dives]]
:Source: European Christian folklore
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|Luke|16:19–31}}.

''Dives'' is simply [[Latin]] for "rich", and as such may not count as a proper name. The story of the blessed [[Lazarus and Dives|Lazarus]] and the [[Damnation#Religious|damned]] rich man is widely recognised under the title of ''Dives and Lazarus'', which may have resulted in this word being taken for a proper name.

=== Woman taken in adultery ===
* Name: [[Mary Magdalene]]
:Source: Western Christian tradition
Appears in the Bible at [[Gospel of John|John]] 8.

A long-standing Western Christian tradition first attested by [[Pope Gregory I]] identifies the woman taken in [[adultery]] with Mary Magdalene, and also with [[Mary of Bethany]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081214051948/http://www.ansa.it/site/notizie/awnplus/english/news/2008-12-10_110304839.html Italians find 'Jesus' foot salve'], 10 December 2008</ref> Jesus had [[exorcism|exorcised]] seven [[demons]] out of Mary Magdalene ([[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] {{bibleverse-nb||Mark|16:9|KJV}}), and Mary Magdalene appears prominently in the several accounts of Jesus' entombment and resurrection, but there is no indication in the Bible that clearly states that Mary Magdalene was the same person as the adulteress forgiven by Jesus. Roman Catholics also have identified Mary Magdalene as the weeping woman who was a sinner, and who anoints Jesus' feet in {{bibleverse||Luke|7:36–50|KJV}}, and while the Church has dropped this interpretation to a degree, this remains one of her more famous portrayals.

The [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] has never identified Mary Magdalene as either the woman taken in adultery, or the sinful woman who anointed Jesus' feet.

=== The man born blind ===
* Name: [[Celidonius]]
:Source: Christian tradition
Appears in the Bible at [[Gospel of John|John]] {{bibleverse-nb||John|9:1–38}}.

=== Pontius Pilate's wife ===
{{main article|Pontius Pilate's wife}}
* Name: Claudia, Procla, [[Procula]], Perpetua or Claudia Procles
:Source: European folklore; Dolorous Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ (as "Claudia Procles")<ref>[http://www.jesus-passion.com/THE_PASSION3.htm#CHAPTER%20XXIX Dolorous Passion Of Our Lord Jesus Christ]. Jesus-passion.com.</ref>
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|Matthew|27:19}}.

During the [[trial of Jesus]] the wife of [[Pontius Pilate]] sent a message to him saying, "Have nothing to do with that just man; for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him."

The proposed names of Procla and Procula may not be names at all, but simply a form of Pilate's official title of [[Procurator (Roman)|Procurator]], indicating that she was the Procurator's wife.

=== Thieves crucified with Jesus ===
* Names: Titus and Dumachus
:Source: ''[[Arabic Infancy Gospel|Arabic Gospel of the Infancy of the Saviour]]''
* Names: [[Dismas]] and [[Gestas]] (or Gesmas)
:Source: [[Acts of Pilate]]
* Names: Demas (the [[penitent thief|good thief]])
:Source: ''[[Narrative of Joseph of Arimathea]]''<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Apocryphal Gospels: Texts and Translations |last1=Ehrman |first1=Bart |last2=Plese |first2=Zlatko |author-link1=Bart D. Ehrman |author-link2=Zlatko Pleše |year=2011 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=New York |isbn=9780199732104 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199732104/page/582 582] |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199732104 |url-access=registration |quote=a man named demas. }}</ref><!-- The text first names Demas on 593 of Ehrman & Plese, but doesn't name the other robber in the previous paragraph on 591. Without carefully going through the whole text again, this seems to indicate that the second robber is not named. -->
* Name: Zoatham/Zoathan (the good thief)
:Source: [[Codex Colbertinus]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Metzger|first1=Bruce M.|last2=Ehrman|first2=Bart D.|title=The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration|url=https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00metz|url-access=limited|edition=4th|year=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-019-516667-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00metz/page/n288 270]}}</ref>
* Name: Rakh (the good thief)
:Source: [[Russian Orthodox]] tradition<ref>Renate Gerstenlauer, ''The Rakh Icon: Discovery of its True Identity'', Legat Verlag, 2009 ({{ISBN|978-3932942358}}).</ref>
Appear in the Bible at: [[Matthew 27]], [[Mark 15]], [[Luke 23]], [[John 19]].

The good thief is revered under the name Saint Dismas in the Catholic Church and the [[Coptic Orthodox Church]].

=== Soldier who pierced Jesus with a spear ===
[[File:Fra Angelico 027.jpg|thumb|Jesus' side is pierced with a spear, [[Fra Angelico]] (''circa'' 1440), Dominican monastery of San Marco, [[Florence]]]]
* Name: [[Longinus]]
:Source: Apocryphal [[Gospel of Nicodemus]] ([https://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/lbob/lbob10.htm Gos. Nicodemus 7:8])
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|John|19:34}}.

In tradition, he is called Cassius before his conversion to Christianity.<ref>[http://www.heiligenlexikon.de/Stadler/Longinus.html "Longinus"], in: Johann Evangelist Stadler ''et al.'', ''Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon'', 1858–1882 (reprint: Hildesheim, 1996)</ref> The ''[[Holy Lance|Lance of Longinus]]'', also known as the ''[[Spear of Destiny]]'', is supposedly preserved as a [[relic]], and various miracles are said to be worked through it.

=== Man who offered Jesus vinegar ===
* Name: [[Stephaton]]
:Source: [[Codex Egberti]], 10th century
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|Matthew|27:48}}, {{bibleref|Mark|15:36}}, and {{bibleref|John|19:29–30}}.

=== Guard(s) at Jesus' tomb ===
* Name of centurion: [[Petronius (centurion)|Petronius]]
:Source: Apocryphal [[Gospel of Peter]] ([http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/gospelpeter.html Gos. Peter 8])
* Names of soldiers: Issachar, Gad, Matthias, Barnabas, Simon
:Source: ''[[The Book of the Bee]]''
Appears in the Bible at {{bibleref|Matthew|27:62–66}}. Centurion possibly appears also in the Bible at {{bibleref|Matthew|27:54}} as a centurion saying “Truly this man was God’s Son!”.<ref>{{cite book|author=A. T. Robertson|title=Word Pictures in the New Testament - Matthew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VhaeqyhMjHgC&dq=centurion+petronius+Surely+this+was+a+righteous+man&pg=PT259|year=1982|publisher=CCEL|isbn=9781610251884}}</ref>

=== Ethiopian Eunuch baptized by the deacon Philip ===
[[File:Rembrandt, The Baptism of the Eunuch, 1626, Museum Catharijneconvent, Utrecht.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|[[Rembrandt]], ''[[The Baptism of the Eunuch]]'', 1626.]]
{{main article|Ethiopian eunuch}}
* Name: Simeon Bachos
:Source: ''[[Adversus haereses]]'' (''Against the Heresies'', an early anti-[[Gnostic]] theological work) 3:12:8 (180 AD)
* Name: Bachos
:Source: [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo]] tradition<ref>{{cite book|last=Paulos|first=Abune|title=The Mariological tradition of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|year=1988|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|location=New Jersey}}</ref>
* Name: Djan Darada
:Source: [[Russian Orthodox Church]] tradition<ref>{{cite web |title=4 January |url=https://orthochristian.com/calendar/20180104.html |website=Orthodox Calendar 2018 |publisher=[[Pravoslavie.ru]] |access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref>
Appears in the Bible at [[Acts of the Apostles]] 8:27.

In Eastern Orthodox tradition he is also identified with [[Simeon Niger]].<ref>{{citation/make link|http://www.stmichaeleoc.org/Church_History.htm|History of the Church}}</ref>

===Daughters of Philip===
* Name: [[Hermione of Ephesus|Hermione]]; Eutychis; Irais and Chariline
:Source: Traditional.  See [[Daughters of Philip]]
Appears in the Bible at [[Acts of the Apostles]] 21:8-9.

==See also==
*[[Seventy Disciples]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*"Names for the Nameless", in ''The Oxford Companion to the Bible'', [[Bruce M. Metzger]] and [[Michael D. Coogan]], editors.  {{ISBN|0-19-504645-5}}
*Ilan, Tal. “Biblical Women’s Names in the Apocryphal Traditions.” ''Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha'' 6, no. 11 (1993): 3–67.
*"The [[Poem of the Man God]]", Centro Editoriale Valtortiano srl, [[Maria Valtorta]]. (5 Volumes) no ISBN.

==External links==
* [https://www.womeninthebible.org/ Women In The Bible], religious website and source repository

{{New Testament people}}

[[Category:Unnamed people of the Bible| ]]
[[Category:Bible-related lists of people|*nameless]]
[[Category:Christian folklore]]
[[Category:Hebrew Bible people| ]]
[[Category:Jewish folklore]]
[[Category:Lists of names|Biblical nameless]]