View source for List of political parties in Switzerland

{{Short description|None}}
{{Politics of Switzerland}}
[[File:Swiss party politics 1985-2010 e.png|thumb|upright=2|Political positions of the Swiss political parties based on their referendum voting recommendations, 1985–90 and 2010–14]]
This is a list of '''political parties in Switzerland'''.

[[Switzerland]] has a [[multi-party system]]. Since 1959, the four largest [[political party|parties]] have formed a [[coalition government]], according to a ''{{lang|de|Zauberformel}}'' or "[[Magic formula (Swiss politics)|magic formula]]". This arithmetic formula divides the seven cabinet seats among representatives of the four largest parties.<ref name=Cormon>[[Pierre Cormon]], ''[http://www.slatkine.com/fr/editions-slatkine/68201-book-07210607-9782832106075.html Swiss Politics for Complete Beginners]'', Editions Slatkine, 2014, {{ISBN|978-2-8321-0607-5}}, p. 31–32 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104192233/http://www.slatkine.com/fr/editions-slatkine/68201-book-07210607-9782832106075.html |date=November 4, 2014 }}</ref>

== Political parties in Switzerland ==

=== Federal and cantonal parliaments ===
<!--''The general rule on naming applies. That means: the parties are named in the English translation and the original native name is placed on the first line of the article unless the native form is more commonly used in English than the English form. Rationale and specifics: See: [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (use English)]]''.-->
The following parties are represented in the [[Swiss Federal Assembly]] or cantonal parliaments and executive councils as of 2024.<ref>{{cite web | title=Eidgenössische Wahlen | website=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]] | url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/politik/wahlen/eidgenoessische-wahlen.html | language=de | access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref><ref name="KantonsregierungenBfS">{{cite web | title=Kantonsregierungen | website=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]] | url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/politik/wahlen/kantonale-wahlen/kantonsregierungen.html | language=de | access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref><ref name="KantonsparlamenteBfS">{{cite web | title=Kantonsparlamente | website=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]] | url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/politik/wahlen/kantonale-wahlen/kantonsparlamente.html | language=de | access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref> For their names in the four national languages of Switzerland, see [[#Names in the national languages]] below.

For more detailed information on the political positions of some of the parties listed below, see here:<ref name="Colours">{{cite news |title=Swiss Political Parties Reveal Their Colours |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/yes-or-no-_swiss-political-parties-reveal-their-colours/41640412 |date=September 11, 2015 |work=[[Swissinfo]] |access-date=October 29, 2015}}</ref> For Swiss political party strength on the [[municipalities of Switzerland|municipal level]], see here:<ref>{{cite web | title=Städtische Wahlen | website=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]] | url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/politik/wahlen/staedtische-wahlen.html | language=de | access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|--
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" |Party
! rowspan="2" |Leader
! rowspan="2" |Main ideology
! rowspan="2" |Position
! colspan="6" | Members in
|-- class="expand-child"
! style="max-width:6em;" | [[Swiss Federal Council|Federal<br/>Council]]
! style="max-width:6em;" | [[Council of States (Switzerland)|Council of<br/>States]]
! style="max-width:6em;" | [[National Council (Switzerland)|National<br/>Council]]
! style="max-width:6em;" | [[List of cantonal executives of Switzerland|Cantonal<br/>executives]]
! style="max-width:6em;" | [[List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland|Cantonal<br/>legislatures]]
! Members
|--
| width=5px style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss People's Party}}" | 
| [[File:SVP UDC Logo.svg|50px]]
| '''SVP/UDC'''
| [[Swiss People's Party]]
| [[Marco Chiesa]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[National conservatism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]]
| '''{{composition bar|2|7|{{party color|Swiss People's Party}}}}'''|| {{Composition bar|6|46|hex={{party color|Swiss People's Party}}}} || {{Composition bar|62|200|hex={{party color|Swiss People's Party}}}} || {{Composition bar|27|154|hex={{party color|Swiss People's Party}}}} || {{Composition bar|574|2544|hex={{party color|Swiss People's Party}}}} || 90,000 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015">{{cite web | title=The Swiss Confederation — A Brief Guide | url=https://www.bk.admin.ch/dokumentation/02070/02480/09982/index.html?lang=en&download=NHzLpZeg7t,lnp6I0NTU042l2Z6ln1ad1IZn4Z2qZpnO2Yuq2Z6gpJCId355gWym162epYbg2c_JjKbNoKSn6A-- | date=2015 | format=PDF | publisher=Federal Chancellery | access-date=December 14, 2016}}</ref>
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[File:Logo der Sozialdemokratischen Partei der Schweiz 2009, single.svg|50px]]
| '''SP/PS'''
| [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|Social Democratic Party]]
| [[Cédric Wermuth]]<br/>[[Mattea Meyer]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Social democracy]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]
| '''{{composition bar|2|7|hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}}}'''|| {{composition bar|9|46|hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{composition bar|41|200|hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{composition bar|28|154|hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{composition bar|442|2544|hex={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}}} || 30,000 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}" | 
| [[File:Logo FDP Die Liberalen de.svg|50px]]
| '''FDP/PLR'''
| [[The Liberals (Switzerland)|FDP.The Liberals]]
| [[Thierry Burkart]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Classical liberalism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centrism|Centre]] to<br/>[[centre-right]]
| '''{{Composition bar|2|7|hex={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}}}'''|| {{Composition bar|11|46|hex={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}}} || {{Composition bar|28|200|hex={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}}} || {{Composition bar|38|154|hex={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}}}{{efn|name=fdp-liberals-nonmerged|Includes seats held by the FDP and by the Liberal Party in Vaud and Valais where cantonal parties did not merge and retained separate structures}}|| {{Composition bar|512|2544|hex={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}}}{{efn|name=fdp-liberals-nonmerged}}|| 120,000 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Centre (political party)}}" | 
| [[File:DieMitte-logo.svg|50px]]
| '''DM/LC/<wbr/>AdC'''
| [[The Centre (political party)|The Centre]]
| [[Gerhard Pfister]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Christian democracy]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centrism|Centre]] to<br/>[[centre-right]]
| '''{{Composition bar|1|7|hex={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}}}'''|| {{Composition bar|15|46|hex={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}}} || {{Composition bar|29|200|hex={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}}} || {{Composition bar|40|154|hex={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}}} || {{Composition bar|425|2544|hex={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}}} || -
|--
| colspan="13" |
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}" | 
|
| '''GPS/PES'''
| [[Green Party of Switzerland|Green Party]]
| [[Balthasar Glättli]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Green politics]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]<br/>to [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|3|46|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|23|200|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|7|154|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|249|2544|hex={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}}} || 7,500 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[File:Logo GLP.svg|50px]]
| '''GLP/PVL'''
| [[Green Liberal Party of Switzerland|Green Liberal Party]]
| [[Jürg Grossen]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Green liberalism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centrism|Centre]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|46|hex={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|10|200|hex={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|154|hex={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|154|2544|hex={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}}} || 3,800 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[File:EVP Logo Deutsch 300dpi.jpg|50px]]
| '''EVP/PEV'''
| [[Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland|Evangelical People's Party]]
| [[Lilian Studer]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Christian democracy]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centrism|Centre]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|200|hex={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|154|hex={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|42|2544|hex={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}}} || 4,600 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Ticino League}}" | 
|
| '''Lega'''
| [[Ticino League]]
| [[Attilio Bignasca]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Ticino]] [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Right-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Ticino League}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Ticino League}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|200|hex={{party color|Ticino League}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|154|hex={{party color|Ticino League}}}} || {{Composition bar|14|2544|hex={{party color|Ticino League}}}} || 1,500 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}" | 
| [[File:Logo du Parti Chrétien-Social d'Obwald..jpg|50px]]
| '''CSP OW'''
| [[Christian Social Party of Obwalden]]
| [[Christian Schäli]]<br/>[[Sepp Stalder]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Christian left]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centre-left]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|154|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}}} || {{Composition bar|6|2544|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}}} || 250 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}" | 
| [[File:Logo of the Swiss Party of Labour.svg|50px]]
| '''PdA/PST/<wbr/>POP'''
| [[Swiss Party of Labour]]
| Norberto Crivelli
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Communism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Left-wing]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Barbet |first1=Denis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wSjwRp2HFSYC&pg=PA11 |title=La politique mise au Net |last2=Bonhomme |first2=Marc |year=2006 |publisher=ENS Editions |isbn=9782847880953}}</ref><br/>to [[Far-left politics|far-left]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}}|| {{Composition bar|13|2544|hex={{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}}} || 
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}" | 
| [[File:Geneva Citizens movement logo.png|50px]]
| '''MCG'''
| [[Geneva Citizens' Movement]]
| [[Ana Roch]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Canton of Geneva|Geneva]] [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Right-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|46|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|200|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || {{Composition bar|14|2544|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || 1,500 (2015)<ref name="BriefGuide2015"/>
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Solidarity (Switzerland)}}" | 
| [[File:SolidaritéS logo.svg|50px]]
|'''Sol'''
|[[Solidarity (Switzerland)|Solidarity]]
|–
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Anti-capitalism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]<br/>to [[Far-left politics|far-left]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Solidarity (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Solidarity (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Solidarity (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|154|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|2544|hex={{party color|Solidarity (Switzerland)}}}} ||
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}" |
| [[File:Logo EDU UDF.svg|50px]]
| '''EDU/UDF'''
| [[Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland|Federal Democratic Union]]
| Hans Moser
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Right-wing populism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Right-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|2|200|hex={{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}}}|| {{Composition bar|21|2544|hex={{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}}} || 3,000 (2011)<ref name="Membership2011" />
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}" |
| 
| '''CSP/PCS'''
| [[Christian Social Party (Switzerland)|Christian Social Party]]
| [[Marius Achermann]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Christian left]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Centre-left]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|1|154|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}}} || {{Composition bar|14|2544|hex={{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}}} || 1,500 (2011)<ref name="Membership2011">{{cite book |title=Der Bund kurz erklärt |year=2011 |publisher=Swiss Confederation |page=21 |url=http://www.bk.admin.ch/dokumentation/02070/index.html?lang=de&download=M3wBPgDB_8ull6Du36WenojQ1NTTjaXZnqWfVpzLhmfhnapmmc7Zi6rZnqCkkIZ5gH97bKbXrZ6lhuDZz8mMps2gpKfo |language=de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124052237/http://www.bk.admin.ch/dokumentation/02070/index.html?lang=de&download=M3wBPgDB_8ull6Du36WenojQ1NTTjaXZnqWfVpzLhmfhnapmmc7Zi6rZnqCkkIZ5gH97bKbXrZ6lhuDZz8mMps2gpKfo |archive-date=2012-01-24 }}</ref>
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Alternative List}}" | 
| [[File:AL logo magenta.svg|50px]]
| '''AL-ZH'''
| [[Alternative List]]
| –
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Socialism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Alternative List}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Alternative List}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Alternative List}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Alternative List}}}}|| {{Composition bar|0|2544|hex={{party color|Alternative List}}}} ||
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Alternative Left}}" | 
| [[File:Alternative Linke logo without text.svg|50px]]
| '''AL-BE'''
| [[Alternative Left|Alternative Left Bern]]
| –
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Democratic socialism]]
| style="text-align:center;" | [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]
| {{Composition bar|0|7|hex={{party color|Alternative Left}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|46|hex={{party color|Alternative Left}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|Alternative Left}}}} || {{Composition bar|0|154|hex={{party color|Alternative Left}}}}|| {{Composition bar|10|2544|hex={{party color|Alternative Left}}}} || 2,000 (2011)<ref name="Membership2011"/>
|-- class="sortbottom table-rh"
! colspan="7" |Total
| 7 || 46 || 200 || 154{{efn|Includes independents and small minor parties.}}<ref name="KantonsregierungenBfS"/> || 2,544{{efn|Includes independents and small minor parties.}}<ref name="KantonsparlamenteBfS"/> ||
|}

=== Minor parties ===
The following groups or parties are not represented at either the cantonal or national level (but may hold positions in municipal parliaments).

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! [[Abbreviation|Abbr.]]
! colspan=2 | Name
! width=25px class="unsortable" | W
! width=120px | Leader
! width=220px class="unsortable" | Ideology
! Founded
! Popular vote{{efn|[[2011 Swiss federal election]], where applicable}}
|--
! PPS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Pirate Party of Switzerland}}" |
| [[Pirate Party of Switzerland|Pirate Party]]
| [http://www.piraten-partei.ch]
| Jorgo Ananiadis
| [[Pirate Party|Pirate politics]], [[liberalism]]
| 2009
| 0.27% (2019)
|-
! SD/DS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss Democrats}}" |
| [[Swiss Democrats]]
| [http://www.schweizer-demokraten.ch]
| Dr. Michel Dupont, Christoph Spiess
| [[Right-wing]], [[national conservatism]]
| 1961
| 0.13% (2019)
|-
! SLB/MSL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Social Liberal Movement}}" |
| [[Social Liberal Movement]]
| [http://www.slb-schweiz.ch/]
| Samuel Schmid
| [[Centre-right]], [[social conservatism]]
| 2011
| 0.1% (2015)
|-
! LP/PL
| style="background-color:{{party color|The Swiss Independence Party up!}}" |
| [[Libertarian Party (Switzerland)|Libertarian Party]]
| [https://up-schweiz.ch]
| Martin Hartmann
| [[Libertarianism]]
| 2014
| 0.01% (2019)
|-
! FPS/PSL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Freedom Party of Switzerland}}" |
| [[Freedom Party of Switzerland|Freedom Party]]
| [http://www.freiheits-partei.ch]
| Daniele Weber
| [[Right-wing]], [[national liberalism]]
| 1984
| n/a
|--
! HPS/PHS
|
| Swiss Humanist Party
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20140604194840/http://www.humanistische-partei.ch/]
| Daniel Horowitz
| [[Humanist Movement]]
| 1984
| n/a
|--
! KVP
|
| Catholic People's Party
| [http://www.kvps.ch/]
| Lukas Brühwiler-Frésey
| [[Catholic social teaching]]
| 1994
| n/a
|-
! TPS/PSpA
| 
| {{lang|de|Tierpartei Schweiz}}
| [http://www.tierpartei.ch]
| Thomas Märki
| [[Animal rights]]
| 2010
| 0.15% (2015)
|-
! 
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | 
| {{lang|de|Parteifrei}}
| [http://www.parteifrei.ch/]
| Lukas Harder 
| Voluntary association of [[independent politician]]s formed for the [[2011 Swiss federal election|2011 elections]]; opposing [[party politics]]
| 2011
| 0.19% (2015)
|-
! 
| 
| {{lang|it|MontagnaViva}}
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120312023051/http://montagnaviva.info/]
| Germano Mattei
| [[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] (Alpine [[Ticino]])
| 2011
| 0.08% (2015) 
|-
! 
| 
| {{lang|de|Alpenparlament}}
| [http://www.alpenparlament.com/]
| 
| [[Alternative medicine]]
| 2011
| 0.06% (2015)
|-
! 
| 
| {{lang|de|Konfessionslose}}
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20161011203734/http://konfessionslose.ch/]
|  
| [[Separation of church and state]]
| 2011
| 0.05% (2015)
|-
!
|
| ''{{lang|de|[[Volksaktion]]}}''
| [http://www.ericweber.homepage.t-online.de/]
| [[Eric Weber]]
| [[Right-wing populism]] ([[Basel-Stadt]])
| 2002
| 0.03% (2015)
|-
!
|
| ''{{lang|fr|La gauche combative}}''
| {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20161003061511/http://lescommunistes.org/]}}
|
| [[Communism]] ([[canton of Geneva|Geneva]])
| 2002
| 0.03% (2015)
|-
!
|
| ''{{lang|fr|Les Rauraques}}''
| [http://amcpacer.free.fr/rauraque/index.html]
|
| [[Jura separatism]] ([[Bernese Jura]])
| 2011
| 0.03% (2015)
|-
!
|
|''{{lang|de|Mass-Voll}}''
| [https://www.mass-voll.ch]
| Nicolas Rimoldi
| [[Right-Wing]], Opponents of Covid-19 measures
|2021
|0.53% (2023)
|}

=== Historical parties ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|--
! colspan="2" | Name
! width=220px class="unsortable" | Ideology
! Active
! Continued as
|-
| 
| [[Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland|Christian Democratic People's Party]]
| [[Christian democracy]], [[Social conservatism]], Support for EU Bilateral Accords
| 1912–2020
| merged to [[The Centre (political party)|The Centre]]
|--
| 
| [[Communist Party of Switzerland]]
| [[Communism]]
| 1921–1940
| [[Swiss Party of Labour]]
|--
| 
| [[Communist Party of Switzerland/Marxist–Leninists]]
| [[Communism]]
| 1969–1987
| [[Libertarian Socialist Party]]
|--
| 
| [[Communist Party Opposition (Switzerland)|Communist Party Opposition]]
| [[Communism]]
| 1930–1935
| [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland]]
|--
| 
| [[Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland|Conservative Democratic Party]]
| [[Center (politics)|Centre]] to [[Centre-right]], [[Conservative liberalism]]
| 2008-2020
| merged to [[The Centre (political party)|The Centre]]
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Party (Switzerland)}}" | 
| [[Democratic Party (Switzerland)|Democratic Party]]
| [[Direct democracy]]
| 1860–1971
| merged to [[Swiss People's Party]]
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents}}" | 
| [[Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents]] (BGB)
| [[Conservatism]], [[Agrarianism]]
| 1936–1971
| merged to [[Swiss People's Party]]
|--
| 
| {{lang|de|[[Eidgenössische Sammlung]]}}
| [[Fascism]]
| 1940–1943
| 
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Free Democratic Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Free Democratic Party of Switzerland]] (FDP/PRD/PLR)
| [[Classical liberalism]], [[Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland|Radicalism]]
| 1894–2009
| merged to [[The Liberals (Switzerland)|The Liberals]]
|--
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Liberal Party of Switzerland]]  (LPS/PLS)
| [[Classical liberalism]]
| 1913–2009
| merged to [[The Liberals (Switzerland)|The Liberals]]
|--
| 
| [[National Front (Switzerland)|National Front]]
| [[Fascism]]/[[nationalism]] 
| 1930s
| {{lang|de|[[Eidgenössische Sammlung]]}}
|--
|
| [[National Movement of Switzerland]] (NBS)
| [[Nazism]]
| 1940–1941
| 
|--
| 
| [[National Union (Switzerland)|National Union]]
| [[Fascism]]
| 1932–1940
| 
|--
| 
| [[Progressive Organizations of Switzerland]] (POCH)
| [[Communism]]
| 1969–1993
| 
|--
| 
| [[Republican Movement (Switzerland)|Republican Movement]]
| [[Right-wing populism]], [[Christian right]]
| 1971–1989
| 
|--
| 
| [[Ring of Independents]] (LdU)
| [[Centrism]]
| 1936–1999
| 
|-
|
|[[Swiss Nationalist Party]]
|[[far-right in Switzerland|Far-right]], [[ethnic nationalism]]
|2000–2022
|
|--
| 
| {{lang|de|[[Volkspartei der Schweiz]]}} (VPS)
| [[Neo-Nazism]]
| 1950s
| 
|--
|}

==Names in the national languages==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | [[Abbreviation|Abbr.]]
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Party
! scope="col" | [[German language|German]]
! scope="col" | [[French language|French]]
! scope="col" | [[Italian language|Italian]]
! scope="col" | [[Romansh language|Romansh]]
|-
! SVP/UDC
| width="5px" style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss People's Party}}" |
| [[Swiss People's Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Schweizerische Volkspartei}}'' (SVP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Union démocratique du Centre}}'' (UDC)
| ''{{lang|it|Unione Democratica di Centro}}'' (UDC)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida populara Svizra}}'' (PPS)
|-
! SP/PS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}" |
| [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|Social Democratic Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz}}'' (SP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti socialiste suisse}}'' (PS)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Socialista Svizzero}}'' (PS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida socialdemocratica da la Svizra}}'' (PS)
|-
! FDP/PRD
| style="background-color: {{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}" |
| [[Free Democratic Party of Switzerland|Free Democratic Party]] 
| ''{{lang|de|Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei der Schweiz}}'' (FDP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti radical-démocratique suisse}}'' (PRD)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Liberale Radicale}}'' (PLR)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida liberaldemocrata da la Svizra}}'' (PLD)
|-
! Mitte/Centre
| width="5px" style="background-color: {{party color|The Centre (political party)}}" |
| [[The Centre (political party)|The Centre]]
| ''{{lang|de|Die Mitte}}'' (DM)
| ''{{lang|fr|Le Centre}}'' (LC)
| ''{{lang|it|Alleanza del Centro}}'' (AdC)
| ''{{lang|rm|Allianza dal Center}}'' (AdC)
|-
| colspan="7" |<!-- empty row to highlight the biggest four -->
|-
! GPS/PES
| style="background-color: {{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}" |
| [[Green Party of Switzerland|Green Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Grüne Partei der Schweiz}}'' (''{{lang|de|Die Grünen}}'')
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti écologiste suisse}}'' (''{{lang|fr|Les Verts}}'')
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Ecologista Svizzero}}'' (''{{lang|it|I Verdi}}'')
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida ecologica svizra}}'' (''{{lang|rm|Ils Verds}}'')
|-
! CSP/PCS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Social Party (Switzerland)}}" |
| [[Christian Social Party (Switzerland)|Christian Social Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Christlich-soziale Partei}}'' (CSP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti chrétien-social}}'' (PCS)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Cristiano Sociale}}'' (PCS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida cristiansociala da la Svizra}}'' (PCS)
|-
! CVP/PDC
| style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland|Christian Democratic People's Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz}}'' (CVP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti démocrate-chrétien suisse}}'' (PDC)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Popolare Democratico}}'' (PPD)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida Cristian-democratica da la Svizra}}'' (PCD)
|-
! BDP/PBD
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland|Conservative Democratic Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Bürgerlich-Demokratische Partei Schweiz}}'' (BDP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti bourgeois démocratique Suisse}}'' (PBD)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito borghese democratico Svizzera}}'' (PBD)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida burgais democratica Svizra}}'' (PBD)
|-
! EVP/PEV
| style="background-color: {{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland|Evangelical People's Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Evangelische Volkspartei der Schweiz}}'' (EVP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti évangelique suisse}}'' (PEV)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Evangelico Svizzero}}'' (PE)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida evangelica svizra}}'' (PEV)
|-
! FPS/PSL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Freedom Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Freedom Party of Switzerland|Freedom Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Freiheits-Partei der Schweiz}}'' (FPS)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti suisse de la liberté}}'' (PSL)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito svizzero della Libertà}}'' (PSL)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida svizra da la libertad}}'' (PSL)
|-
! LPS/PLS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Liberal Party of Switzerland|Liberal Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Liberale Partei der Schweiz}}'' (LPS)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti libéral suisse}}'' (PLS)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Liberale Svizzero}}'' (PLS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida liberal-conservativa Svizra}}'' (PLC)
|-
! AL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Alternative Left}}" | 
| [[Alternative Left]]
| ''{{lang|de|Alternative Linke}}'' (AL)
| ''{{lang|fr|La Gauche}}'' (LG)
| ''{{lang|it|La Sinistra}}'' (LS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Alternativa sanestra}}'' (AS)
|-
! SD/DS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss Democrats}}" | 
| [[Swiss Democrats]]
| ''{{lang|de|Schweizer Demokraten}}'' (SD)
| ''{{lang|fr|Démocrates suisses}}'' (DS)
| ''{{lang|it|Democratici Svizzeri}}'' (DS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Democrats svizers}}'' (DS)
|-
! Lega
| style="background-color: {{party color|Ticino League}}" | 
| [[Ticino League]]
| ''{{lang|de|Liga der Tessiner}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Ligue des Tessinois}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Lega dei Ticinesi}}''
| ''{{lang|rm|Liga dals Tessinais}}''
|-
! EDU/UDF
| style="background-color: {{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland|Federal Democratic Union]]
| ''{{lang|de|Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union}}'' (EDU)
| ''{{lang|fr|Union démocratique fédérale}}'' (UDF)
| ''{{lang|it|Unione Democratica Federale}}'' (UDF)
| ''{{lang|rm|Uniun democrata federala}}'' (UDF)
|-
! PdA/PST
| style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss Party of Labour}}" | 
| [[Swiss Party of Labour]]
| ''{{lang|de|Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz}}'' (PdA)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti suisse du travail – Parti ouvrier et populaire}}'' (PST-POP)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Svizzero del Lavoro – Partito Operaio e Popolare}}'' (PC)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida svizra da la lavur}}'' (PdL)
|-
! GLP/PVL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Green Liberal Party of Switzerland|Green Liberal Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Grünliberale Partei der Schweiz}}'' (GLP)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti vert'libéral}}'' (PVL)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Verde Liberale}}'' (PVL)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida verda-liberala}}'' (PVL)
|-
! MCG
| style="background-color: {{party color|Geneva Citizens' Movement}}" | 
| [[Geneva Citizens' Movement]]
| ''{{lang|de|Genfer Bürgerbewegung}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Mouvement citoyens genevois}}'' (MCG)
| ''{{lang|it|Movimento dei Cittadini Ginevrini}}''
|
|-
! CSP OW
| style="background-color: {{party color|Christian Social Party of Obwalden}}" | 
| [[Christian Social Party of Obwalden]]
| ''{{lang|de|Christlichsoziale Partei Obwalden}}'' (CSP OW)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti chrétien-social d'Obwald}}''
| 
| 
|-
! Sol
| style="background-color: {{party color|solidaritéS}}" | 
| [[Solidarity (Switzerland)|Solidarity]]
| ''{{lang|de|Solidarität}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|solidaritéS}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Solidarità}}''
| ''{{lang|rm|Solidaritad}}''
|-
! SLB/MSL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Social Liberal Movement}}" | 
| [[Social Liberal Movement]]
| ''{{lang|de|Sozial-Liberale Bewegung}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Mouvement socio-libéral}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Movimento social-liberale}}''
| 
|-
! SD/DS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Swiss Democrats}}" | 
| [[Swiss Democrats]]
| ''{{lang|de|Schweizer Demokraten}}'' (SD)
| ''{{lang|fr|Démocrates suisses}}'' (DS)
| ''{{lang|it|Democratici Svizzeri}}'' (DS)
| ''{{lang|rm|Democrats svizers}}'' (DS)
|-
! FPS/PSL
| style="background-color: {{party color|Freedom Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Freedom Party of Switzerland|Freedom Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Freiheits-Partei der Schweiz}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti suisse de la liberté}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Partito svizzero della Libertà}}''
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida Svizra da la Libertad}}''
|-
! HPS/PHS
| 
| [[Swiss Humanist Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Humanistische Partei der Schweiz}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti Humaniste de la Suisse}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Umanista della Svizzera}}''
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida umanistica da la Svizra}}''
|-
! KVP
| 
| [[Catholic People's Party (Switzerland)|Catholic People's Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Katholische Volkspartei}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti populaire catholique}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Popolare Cattolico}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Partida populara catolica}}''
|-
! PPS
| style="background-color: {{party color|Pirate Party of Switzerland}}" | 
| [[Pirate Party of Switzerland|Pirate Party]]
| ''{{lang|de|Piratenpartei Schweiz}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti Pirate Suisse}}''
| ''{{lang|it|Partito Pirata Svizzera}}''
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida da Pirats Svizra}}''
|-
! TPS/PSpA
| 
| {{lang|de|Tierpartei Schweiz}}
| ''{{lang|de|Tierpartei Schweiz}}'' (TPS)
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti suisse pour les animaux}}'' (PSpA)
| ''{{lang|it|Partito svizzero per gli animali}}'' (PSpA)
| ''{{lang|rm|Partida svizra d'animals}}'' (PSA)
|-
! up!
| style="background-color: {{party color|The Swiss Independence Party up!}}" | 
| [[The Swiss Independence Party up!]]
| ''{{lang|de|Unabhängigkeitspartei up!}}''
| ''{{lang|fr|Parti suisse de l'indépendance}}''
| colspan="2" | up! Switzerland
|-
|}
Sources: The Swiss Federal Chancellery

== Relative importance  ==

=== At the federal level ===
<gallery widths="500" heights="200">
File:Swiss_National_Council_seat_share_by_party.svg|Composition of the [[National Council (Switzerland)|National Council]] by political party, 1919–2023
File:Sitzverteilung Bundesrat.png|Composition of the [[Federal Council (Switzerland)|Federal Council]] by political party, 1919–2017
</gallery>

=== Overall ===
{{Bar chart
| float = center
| title       = Number of elected representatives by party at the federal, cantonal and communal levels in 2014 (governmental parties)<ref>{{cite news |author1=Kevin Gertsch |author2=Chantal Tauxe |title=L'UDC n'est pas le premier parti de Suisse |trans-title=The UDC is not the largest party in Switzerland |work=[[L'Hebdo]] |date=24 December 2014 |pages=62–63 }}</ref>
| label_type  = Party
| data_type   = Number of elected representatives at the federal, cantonal and communal levels
| bar_width   = 35
| width_units = em
| data_max    = 2100
| label1   = [[FDP.The Liberals]]
| data1    = 2011
| label2   = [[Social Democratic Party of Switzerland|Social Democratic Party]]
| data2    = 1863
| label3   = [[Swiss People's Party]]
| data3    = 1511
| label4   = [[Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland|Christian Democratic Party]]
| data4    = 1205
| label5   = [[Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland|Conservative Democratic Party]]
| data5    = 173
}}

==See also==
* [[Politics of Switzerland]]
* [[List of political parties by country]]

==Notes==
{{noteslist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* [[Pierre Cormon]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20141104192233/http://www.slatkine.com/fr/editions-slatkine/68201-book-07210607-9782832106075.html Swiss Politics for Complete Beginners]'', Editions Slatkine, 2014. {{ISBN|978-2-8321-0607-5}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.bk.admin.ch/index.html?lang=en Federal Chancellery]

{{Swiss political parties}}
{{Switzerland topics}}
{{List of political parties in Europe}}
{{Portal bar|Politics|Switzerland}}

[[Category:Lists of political parties by country|Switzerland]]
[[Category:Political parties in Switzerland| ]]
[[Category:Politics of Switzerland]]
[[Category:Switzerland politics-related lists|Political parties]]
[[Category:Lists of political parties in Europe|Switzerland]]
[[Category:Lists of organisations based in Switzerland|Political parties]]