View source for Mákina

{{Short description|Subgenre of hardcore techno}}
{{Redirect|Makina}}
{{Expand French|topic=cult|Makina|date=November 2012}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Mákina
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Happy hardcore]]|[[bouncy techno]]|[[hard trance]]|[[Eurodance]]}}
| cultural_origins  = Early 1990s, [[Valencia]], Spain
| instruments       = {{hlist|[[Synthesizer]]|[[Music sequencer|sequencer]]|[[Keyboard instrument|keyboard]]|[[sampler (musical instrument)|sampler]]}}{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}<!-- No discussion of instruments in article body -->
| other_topics      = [[Trance music]]
}}
'''Mákina''' is a subgenre of [[hardcore techno]], originating in Spain. Similar to [[UK hardcore]], it includes elements of [[bouncy techno]] and [[hard trance]], it also incorporates influence from [[Eurodance]], and the [[tempo]] ranges from 150 to 180 BPM.

==History==
===Early 1990s: Origins===
[[Dance music]] in [[Spain]] became prominent in 1988 with the rise of [[acid house]]. Mákina followed this trend and has its origins in the early 1990s in [[Valencia]], Spain.<ref name="Transitions">{{cite book|author1=Carles Feixa|author2=Carmen Costa|author3=Joan Pallarés|title=From okupas to makineros: citizenship and youth cultures in Spain|date=2001|publisher=Council of Europe|page=297}}</ref> Derived from another style called '''bakalao''', the local name given to an association of [[electronic dance music]] played together with [[pop music|pop]] and [[rock music|rock]] tunes in Valencian [[nightclub|clubs]] in the second half of the 1980s.<ref name="Simonis2007">{{cite book|author=Damien Simonis|title=Spain|url=https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetspai00dami_1|url-access=registration|access-date=22 December 2011|date=15 March 2007|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74104-554-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetspai00dami_1/page/69 69]}}</ref><ref name="ChilcoatAcciano2005">{{cite book|author1=Loretta Chilcoat|author2=Reuben Acciano|title=Western Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Enrkj9PsKGwC&pg=PA30|access-date=22 December 2010|date=15 February 2005|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74059-927-6|page=30}}</ref>

===Mid-1990s: Breakthrough and success===
The genre gained prominence in 1991 when Spanish producer [[Chimo Bayo]] released his single, "[[Así me gusta a mí]]". The song succeeded throughout [[Europe]] and the genre soon gained prominence. The genre became extremely popular throughout Spain from 1995 to 1997, as many mákina-oriented [[Single (music)|singles]] reached number one on the [[Spanish Singles Chart]]. Spanish mákina group [[EX-3]] had two number-one singles, "Extres" and "Ex-P-Cial" in 1995 and 1996, respectively.<ref>{{cite book |last=Salaverri|first=Fernando|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|edition=1st |date=September 2005|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|location=Spain|isbn=84-8048-639-2}}</ref> Perhaps the most recognized mákina single in the [[United States]] is "[[Streamline (song)|Streamline]]" by Newton, which was popularized by a 2006 [[Pepsi]] [[television advertisement]] starring [[Jimmy Fallon]].

From the late 1990s to current times, the genre is the staple of the rave scene in [[North East England]] and [[Scotland]]. Following the closures of the most prominent venues – in particular [[The New Monkey]] [[nightclub]] – its popularity has slightly faded in those areas and has been partially replaced with [[UK hard house#Subgenres and derivatives|scouse house]]. Despite this, it still retains a strong cultural legacy, regularly heard blasting from coaches when [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]] and [[Sunderland AFC]] play away matches.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Paul Gibbins |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/makina-the-youth-culture-phenomenon-taking-over-newcastle/ |title=I Grew Up with Makina, The Geordie Youth Culture Phenomenon That's Been Slept On For A Decade |date=1 June 2015 |access-date=14 January 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Hardcore dance music-footer}}
{{Electronica}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Makina}}
[[Category:Hardcore music genres]]
[[Category:Electronic dance music genres]]