View source for Macon, Georgia

{{Short description|City in Georgia, United States}}
{{distinguish|Macon County, Georgia}}
{{For|the album by Jason Aldean|Macon, Georgia (album)}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2025}}
{{redirect-confused|Macon–Bibb County, Georgia|Bibb County, Georgia}}
{{use mdy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- Basic info -->| name               = Macon
| official_name      = Macon–Bibb County
| settlement_type    = [[Consolidated city-county]]
<!-- images/maps -->| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
  | border             = infobox
  | total_width        = 280
  | image_style        = border:1;
  | perrow             = 1/2/2/2
  | image1             = Macon Georgia Aerial (52700955029).jpg
  | caption1           = Aerial photograph of Macon
  | image2             = Bibb County Courthouse.jpg
  | caption2           = [[Bibb County Courthouse (Georgia)|Bibb County Courthouse]]
  | image3             = Macon (23271576471).jpg
  | caption3           = [[Mercer University]]
  | image4             = DowntownMaconGa.jpg
  | caption4           = [[Downtown Macon, Georgia|Downtown Macon]] 
  | image5             = AllmanBrosMuseum.jpg
  | caption5           = [[The Allman Brothers Band Museum]]
}}
| image_caption      = 
| image_seal         = Macon_SEAL.png
| seal_size          = 95px
| pushpin_map        = Georgia (U.S. state)#USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Georgia##Location within the United States
| pushpin_relief     = yes
| pushpin_label      = Macon
<!-- Location -->| image_map1         = File:Macon-Bibb County Consolidated Highlighted.svg
| mapsize1           = 
| map_caption1       = Location within Bibb County
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Georgia (U.S. state)|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Bibb County, Georgia|Bibb]]
| established_title  = Settled around Fort Benjamin Hawkins
| established_date   = {{start date and age|1809}}
| named_for          = [[Nathaniel Macon]]
| leader_title       = [[List of mayors of Macon, Georgia|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = Lester Miller
<!-- Area    --------------------->| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021">{{cite web|title=2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2021_Gazetteer/2021_gaz_place_13.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 12, 2021}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 254.90
| area_total_km2     = 660.19
| area_land_sq_mi    = 249.38
| area_land_km2      = 645.89
| area_water_sq_mi   = 5.52
| area_water_km2     = 14.30
<!-- Population ----------------------->| population_total   = 157,346
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_rank    = [[List of United States cities by population|172nd]] in the U.S.<br>[[List of municipalities in Georgia (U.S. state)|4th]] in Georgia
| population_density_sq_mi = 630.95
| population_density_km2 = 243.61
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=October 12, 2021}}</ref>
| population_metro   = 233802 ([[List of metropolitan statistical areas|197th]])
<!-- General information -->| timezone           = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset         = −5
| timezone_DST       = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
| utc_offset_DST     = −4
| coordinates        = {{coord|32|50|5|N|83|39|6|W|region:US-GA|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m        = 116
| elevation_ft       = 381
<!-- codes/etc -->| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code        = 31200–31299
| area_code          = [[Area code 478|478]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 13-49000<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 0332301<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
| website            = {{url|http://maconbibb.us}}
}}
'''Macon''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|eɪ|k|ən}} {{respell|MAY|kən}}), officially '''Macon–Bibb County''', is a [[consolidated city-county]] in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], United States. Situated near the [[Atlantic Seaboard fall line|fall line]] of the [[Ocmulgee River]] in [[Central Georgia]], it is {{convert|85|mi}} southeast of [[Atlanta]] and {{convert|165|mi}} northwest of [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]]. Macon's population was 157,346 in the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Macon-Bibb County, Georgia |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/macon-ga-population |publisher=United States Census Bureau |date=May 2024 |access-date=August 7, 2024 |archive-date=August 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807122249/https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/macon-ga-population |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is the principal city of the [[Macon metropolitan area, Georgia|Macon metropolitan area]], which had 234,802 people in 2020.<ref name="2020Pop" />

Macon was settled in the early 19th century. Voters approved the consolidation of the city of Macon and [[Bibb County, Georgia|Bibb County]] governments in a 2012 referendum. Macon became the state's fourth-largest city (after [[Augusta, Georgia|Augusta]]) when the merger became official on January 1, 2014.<ref name=maconbibb>{{cite web |url=http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html |work=The Macon Telegraph |title=Macon-Bibb County consolidation wins with strong majorities |date=July 31, 2012 |access-date=2012-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719125943/http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html |archive-date=July 19, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 

Macon has several notable cultural sites, including [[Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park]], the [[Tubman Museum]], and [[Johnston–Felton–Hay House|Hay House]], and is known for the [[International Cherry Blossom Festival]]. The city is also known for its deep musical heritage and vibrant festivals that celebrate its Southern and African American roots. Higher education plays a major role through [[Mercer University]], [[Middle Georgia State University]], and [[Wesleyan College]]. Macon is served by [[Interstate 16|I-16]] (connecting to [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]] and Coastal Georgia), [[Interstate 75 in Georgia|I-75]] (connecting to Atlanta to the north and Valdosta to the south), and [[Interstate 475 (Georgia)|I-475]]. The area has two small general-aviation airports, [[Middle Georgia Regional Airport]] and [[Macon Downtown Airport|Herbert Smart Downtown Airport]].

==History==
{{see also|Timeline of Macon, Georgia}}
Macon was founded on the site of the Ocmulgee Old Fields, where the [[Creek Indians]] lived in the 18th century. Their predecessors, the [[Mississippian culture]], built a powerful agriculture-based [[chiefdom]] (950–1100 AD). The Mississippian culture constructed [[Earthworks (archaeology)|earthwork]] [[mound]]s for ceremonial, religious, and burial purposes. [[Indigenous peoples]] inhabited the areas along the Southeast's rivers for 13,000 years before Europeans arrived.<ref name="georgiaencyclopedia1">{{cite web |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?path=%2FHistoryArchaeology%2FArchaeologyandEarlyHistory%2FArchaeologicalPeriodsinGeorgia%2FArchaicPrehistoricPeriod&id=h-810 |title=Georgia Encyclopedia |publisher=Georgia Encyclopedia |date=May 20, 2009 |access-date=2012-05-30 |archive-date=September 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906084250/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?path=%2FHistoryArchaeology%2FArchaeologyandEarlyHistory%2FArchaeologicalPeriodsinGeorgia%2FArchaicPrehistoricPeriod&id=h-810 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Macon was developed at the site of [[Fort Benjamin Hawkins]], built in 1809 at President [[Thomas Jefferson]]'s direction after he forced the Creek to cede their lands east of the [[Ocmulgee River]]. (Archeological excavations in the 21st century found evidence of two separate fortifications.)<ref name="macon">{{cite web |title=Fort Hawkins |url=http://cityofmacon.net/visitors-museums-fort_hawkins |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100919235143/http://cityofmacon.net/visitors-museums-fort_hawkins |archive-date=September 19, 2010 |access-date=2017-06-25 |website=cityofmacon.net}}</ref> The fort was named for [[Benjamin Hawkins]], who served as superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Southeast territory south of the Ohio River for more than 20 years, had lived among the [[Muscogee (Creek)|Creek]], and was married to a Creek woman. Located at the [[fall line]] of the Ocmulgee River, the fort established a trading post with native peoples at the river's most inland point navigable from the [[South Carolina Lowcountry|Low Country]].

[[File:Sholes' directory of the city of Macon, September 1st, 1888. Volume III - DPLA - 479e385385443ba8674ba7fafe08c6b4.pdf|page=6|thumb|right|Sholes' directory of the city of Macon, September 1, 1888]]

Fort Hawkins guarded the Lower Creek Pathway, an extensive and well-traveled [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|American Indian]] network that the U.S. government later improved as the [[Federal Road (Creek lands)|Federal Road]], linking Washington, DC, to the ports of [[Mobile, Alabama]], and [[New Orleans, Louisiana]].<ref name="macon"/> Used for trading with the Creek, the fort also was used by state militia and federal troops. It was a major military distribution point during the [[War of 1812]] and the [[Creek War]] of 1813. After the wars, it was a trading post and garrisoned troops until 1821. Decommissioned around 1828, it later burned to the ground. A replica of the southeast blockhouse, built in 1938, stands on an east Macon hill.  Fort Hawkins Grammar School occupied part of the site. In the 21st century, archeological excavations have revealed more of the fort, increasing its historical significance, and led to further reconstruction planning for this major historical site.<ref name="macon"/>

[[File:Mill Children in Macon 2.jpg|thumb|right|Child labor in Macon, 1909, photo by [[Lewis Hine]]]]
[[File:Recto Macon Savings Bank (Georgia) 25 cents 1863 urn-3 HBS.Baker.AC 1104558.jpeg|alt=25-cent bill inscribed "THIS CERTIFIES THAT THERE HAS BEEN DEPOSITED IN THE MACON SAVINGS BANK IN CONFEDERATE TREASURY NOTES TWENTY FIVE CENTS. Payable to the Holder with FOUR PER CENT INTEREST. after thirty days notice in Confederate Treasury Notes when presented in sums of FIVE DOLLARS MACON, GA. March 16. 1863."|thumb|1863 twenty-five cent bill from Macon Savings Bank]]
With the arrival of more settlers, [[Fort Hawkins]] was renamed "Newtown". After [[Bibb County, Georgia|Bibb County]]'s organization in 1822, the city was  chartered as the county seat in 1823 and officially named Macon, in honor of [[Nathaniel Macon]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Gannett|first=Henry|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|year=1905|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n194 195]}}</ref> a statesman from North Carolina, from where many early Georgia residents hailed. City planners envisioned "a city within a park" and created a city of spacious streets and landscapes. Over {{convert|250|acre|km2}} were dedicated for Central City Park, and ordinances required residents to plant shade trees in their front yards.

[[File:Wesleyan College, circa 1877 - DPLA - 6098fed0d90914d03c98118db843e638.jpg|thumb|Wesleyan College {{Circa|1877}}]]
Because of the beneficial local [[Black Belt (geological formation)|Black Belt]] geology and the availability of [[Slavery in the United States|slave labor]], cotton became the mainstay of Macon's early economy.<ref name="search.ebscohost.com">{{cite journal|last1=Davis|first1=Robert Scott|title=A Cotton Kingdom Retooled for War: The Macon Arsenal and the Confederate Ordnance Establishment|journal=Georgia Historical Quarterly|date=2007|volume=91|issue=3|pages=266–291|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=26628620&site=eds-live&scope=site|access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref> The city's location on the Ocmulgee River aided initial economic expansion, providing shipping access to new markets. Cotton [[steamboats]], stagecoaches, and the 1843 arrival of the [[railroad]] increased marketing opportunities and contributed to Macon's  economic prosperity.

Macon's growth had other benefits. In 1836, the Georgia Conference of the [[Methodist Episcopal Church]] chose Macon as the location for [[Wesleyan College]], the first U.S. college to grant women college degrees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/GeorgiaReferenceShelf/HigherEducation.html?Welcome |title=Colleges and Universities |publisher=Dlg.galileo.usg.edu |date=January 1, 1970 |access-date=2012-02-29}}</ref> Nonetheless, Macon came in last in the 1855 referendum voting to be Georgia's capital city with 3,802 votes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://roadsidegeorgia.com/city/macon.html |title=Macon, Georgia |website=Roadsidegeorgia.com |date=March 19, 1990 |access-date=2017-01-29 |archive-date=December 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071219125047/http://roadsidegeorgia.com/city/macon.html |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
[[File:RG77_CWMF_N76_04.jpg|thumb|"Map of Macon and Vicinity" during the American Civil War, showing the Confederate arsenals, as well as [[Camp Oglethorpe]] and "Graveyard of Union Prisoners" (NAID 305649)]]
During the [[American Civil War]], Macon served as the official arsenal of the Confederacy<ref name="search.ebscohost.com"/> manufacturing [[percussion cap]]s, [[friction primer]]s, and [[Swaging#Firearms|pressed]] [[bullet]]s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Miller |first=Francis Trevelyan |title =The Photographic History of The Civil War |volume=5: Forts and Artillery |publisher =Castle Books |date =1957 |location =New York |page =162 }}</ref> Camp Oglethorpe was established as a prison for captured Union officers and enlisted men. Later,  it held only officers, at one time numbering 2,300. The camp was evacuated in 1864.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mycivilwar.com/pow/ga-macon.htm |title=Macon (Camp Oglethorpe) Prisoner of War Camp |website=Mycivilwar.com |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref>

Macon City Hall served as the temporary state capitol in 1864 and was converted to a hospital for wounded Confederate soldiers. Union General [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] spared Macon on his [[Sherman's March to the Sea|march to the sea]]. His troops sacked the nearby state capital of [[Milledgeville, Georgia|Milledgeville]], and Maconites prepared for an attack. Sherman, however, passed by without entering Macon.

The ''[[Macon Telegraph]]'' reported the city had furnished 23 companies of men for the Confederacy, but casualties were high. By the war's end, Maconite survivors fit for duty could fill only five companies.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/cottonfiredreams00davi |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/cottonfiredreams00davi/page/123 123] |quote=macon arsenal. |title=Cotton, Fire and Dreams |publisher=Mercer University Press |access-date=2012-05-30|isbn=9780865545984 |last1=Davis |first1=Robert Scott |year=1998 }}</ref>

The city was taken by Union forces during [[Wilson's Raid]] on April 20, 1865.<ref>[http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/georgiabooks/pdfs/gb0390.pdf "The Last Battle of the Civil War"]. Digital Gallery, University of South Georgia.</ref>

[[File:Georgia - Macon - NARA - 23937141 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Railyards in Macon, 1943]]
Because of its central location, Macon developed as a state transportation hub. In 1895, ''[[The New York Times]]'' dubbed Macon "The Central City" because of its emergence as a railroad transportation and textile factory hub.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dl.dropbox.com/u/7527719/Final-Master-Plan.pdf|title=College Hill Corridor / Mercer Village Master Plan|publisher=Mercer University City of Macon|date=January 2009|access-date=2012-08-07}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Terminal Station (Macon, Georgia)|Terminal Station]] was built in 1916.<ref name="railga.com">{{cite web|url=http://railga.com/Depots/macon.html |title=Macon Terminal Station |website=Railga.com |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref> In the 20th century, Macon grew into a prospering town in Middle Georgia.

{{wide image|Macon, Georgia early 1900s.jpg|800px|[[Downtown Macon]] in the early 1900s,  looking northeast near the intersections of Cotton Avenue, First Street, and Poplar Street}}

Macon has been impacted by natural catastrophes. In 1994, [[Tropical Storm Alberto (1994)|Tropical Storm Alberto]] made [[Wiktionary:landfall|landfall]] in [[Florida]] and flooded several Georgia cities. Macon, which received {{convert|24|in|cm}} of rain, suffered major flooding.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/06/us/record-rain-pelts-georgia-4-die-in-flood.html |work=The New York Times | title=Record Rain Pelts Georgia; 4 Die in Flood | date=July 31, 2012 | access-date=2010-05-12}}</ref>

On [[Tornado outbreak sequence of May 7–11, 2008|May 11, 2008]], an [[Enhanced Fujita Scale|EF2]] tornado hit Macon. Touching down in nearby Lizella, the tornado moved along the southern shore of [[Lake Tobesofkee]], continued into Macon, and lifted in Twiggs County. The storm's total path length was {{convert|18|miles}}, and its path width was {{convert|100|yards}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Preiss |first=Enrique |date=2008-05-21 |title=Mother's Day Tornado Leaves Destruction in Macon, State of Emergency Declared |url=https://thecentralgeorgian.com/2008/05/21/mothers-day-tornado-leaves-destruction-in-macon-state-of-emergency-declared/ |website=The Central Georgian}}</ref> The tornado produced sporadic areas of major damage, with widespread straight-line wind damage to the south of its path. The most significant damage was along Eisenhower Parkway and Pio Nono Avenue in Macon, where two businesses were destroyed and several others were heavily damaged. The tornado also impacted Macon State College, where almost 50% of the campus's trees were snapped or uprooted and several buildings were damaged, with the gymnasium. The tornado's intensity varied from EF0 to EF2, with the EF2 damage and winds up to {{convert|130|mph}} occurring near the intersection of Eisenhower Parkway and Pio Nono Avenue.

===Consolidation===
[[File:Bibb County Georgia Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Macon Highlighted.svg|thumb|right|Location of Macon within Bibb County before consolidation]]
On July 31, 2012, voters in Macon (57.8% approval) and Bibb County (56.7% approval) passed a referendum to merge the governments of the city of Macon and most of unincorporated Bibb County. The vote came after the [[Georgia General Assembly]] passed House Bill 1171, authorizing the referendum earlier in the year;<ref name=maconbibb/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www1.legis.ga.gov/legis/2011_12/sum/hb1171.htm |title=HB 1171 – Macon-Bibb County; create and incorporate new political body corporate |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609043238/http://www1.legis.ga.gov/legis/2011_12/sum/hb1171.htm |archive-date=June 9, 2012 }}</ref> Four previous consolidation attempts (in 1933, 1960, 1972, and 1976) failed.<ref name="City-County Consolidation Proposals, 1921 - Present">{{cite report |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Documents/City%20County%20Consolidations.01.01.2011.pdf |title=City-County Consolidation Proposals, 1921 – Present |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719083354/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Documents/City%20County%20Consolidations.01.01.2011.pdf |archive-date=July 19, 2012 |website=National Association of Counties |access-date=2011-02-11 |year=2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |url=http://www.ai.org/legislative/interim/committee/2005/committees/prelim/MCCC02.pdf |title=The Effects of City-County Consolidation: A Review of the Recent Academic Literature |publisher=Indiana Policy Review Foundation |location=Fort Wayne, IN |first1=Samuel R. |last1=Staley |first2=Dagney |last2=Faulk |first3=Suzanne M. |last3=Leland |first4=D. Eric |last4=Schansberg |date=November 16, 2005 |access-date=2017-01-29 |archive-date=July 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721082018/http://www.ai.org/legislative/interim/committee/2005/committees/prelim/MCCC02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=autogenerated3>Consolidation pass for Macon and Bibb county in the 2012 vote. [http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04152005-170723/unrestricted/05_lsj_CHAPTER_4_b.pdf "Consolidation of City and County Governments: Attempts in Five Cities"]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120034927/http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04152005-170723/unrestricted/05_lsj_CHAPTER_4_b.pdf |date=January 20, 2013 }}. Retrieved September 14, 2010.</ref>

As a result of the referendum, the Macon and Bibb County governments were replaced with a mayor and a nine-member county commission elected by districts, and a portion of Macon extending into nearby Jones County was disincorporated. [[Robert Reichert]] was elected the first mayor of [[Bibb County, Georgia|Macon-Bibb]] in the September 2013 election, which required a runoff with [[C. Jack Ellis]] in October.<ref name="redsignedGovernment">{{cite news |last1=Lee |first1=Maggie |title=Macon-Bibb merger proposes smaller, redesigned local government |url=https://www.macon.com/news/article28642771.html |access-date=17 January 2022 |work=The Telegraph |location=Macon, Georgia |date=28 February 2012}}{{subscription required}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html|title = Macon-Bibb County consolidation wins with strong majorities|author = Mike Stucka|newspaper = The Telegraph|location=Macon, Georgia|date = July 31, 2012|access-date = August 1, 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140719125943/http://www.macon.com/2012/07/31/2116420/first-macon-bibb-county-consolidation.html|archive-date = July 19, 2014|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.13wmaz.com/news/topstories/article/188608/175/Consolidation-3-Areas-of-Macon-and-Bibb-Affected-Differently |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130116000154/http://www.13wmaz.com/news/topstories/article/188608/175/Consolidation-3-Areas-of-Macon-and-Bibb-Affected-Differently |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 16, 2013 |title=Consolidation: 3 Areas of Macon and Bibb Affected Differently |publisher=13 WMAZ |date=July 13, 2012 |first=Erica |last=Lockwood }}</ref><ref name="ReichertMaconBibb">{{cite news |last1=Gaines |first1=Jim |title=Reichert wins Macon-Bibb mayor's office by wide margin over Ellis |url=https://www.macon.com/news/politics-government/election/article30124359.html |access-date=17 January 2022 |work=The Telegraph |location=Macon, Georgia|date=15 October 2013 |ref=ReichertMaconBibb}}{{subscription required}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Maconbibbcourthouse.jpg|thumb|The Macon-[[Bibb County Courthouse (Georgia)|Bibb County Courthouse]]]]

The [[Ocmulgee River]] is a major river that runs through the city. Macon is one of Georgia's three major [[Fall Line cities]], along with [[Augusta, Georgia|Augusta]] and [[Columbus, Georgia|Columbus]]. The Fall Line is where the hills of the [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont]] [[plateau]] meet the flat terrain of the [[coastal plain]]. As such, Macon has a varied landscape of rolling hills on the north side and flat plains on the south. The [[fall line]], where the elevation drops noticeably, causes rivers and creeks in the area to flow rapidly toward the ocean.  In the past, Macon and other Fall Line cities had many [[textile mills]] powered by the rivers.

Macon is located at {{Coord|32.834839|-83.651672|type:city_region:US-GA|format=dms|display=inline}} (32.834839, −83.651672).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|56.3|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|0.5|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} (0.82%) is covered by water. Macon is about {{convert|330|ft|abbr=on}} above mean sea level.<ref name="GR3" />

===Climate===
Macon has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfa''). The normal monthly mean temperatures range from {{convert|46.3|°F|1}} in January to {{convert|81.8|°F|1}} in July. On average, 1–3 days have {{convert|100|°F|0}}+ highs,{{efn|The record number of triple-digit (Fahrenheit) readings is 24 in 1954,<ref name = NCDC/>}} and 83 days have {{convert|90|°F|0}}+ highs,{{efn|The historical range is 31 in 1994 to 116 in 2011.<ref name = NCDC/>}} and 41 days with a low at or below freezing; the average window for freezing temperatures is October 18 thru April 19, allowing a growing season of 182 days.

The city has an average annual precipitation of {{convert|45.7|in|mm|sigfig=3}}. The wettest day on record was July 5, 1994, with {{convert|10.25|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain, and the wettest month on record was July 1994, with {{convert|18.16|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain. Since 1892, though, when precipitation records for the city began, two months, October 1961 and October 1963, did not even record a trace of precipitation in the city, and two other months, October 1939 and May 2007, only recorded a trace.<ref name = NCDC/> Snow is occasional, with about half of the winters receiving trace amounts or no snowfall, averaging {{convert|0.7|in|cm|abbr=on}}; the snowiest winter was 1972–73 with {{convert|16.5|in|cm|abbr=on}}.<ref name = NCDC/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sercc.com/climateinfo/historical/avgsnowfall.html |title=Average Total Snowfall (inches) for Selected Cities in the Southeast |publisher=Sercc.com |access-date=2012-05-30 |archive-date=April 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130417204503/http://www.sercc.com/climateinfo/historical/avgsnowfall.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=WeatherRef1 >{{cite web
| url =http://www.ustravelweather.com/weather-georgia/macon-weather.asp | title =Macon Weather | access-date =October 3, 2007 | publisher = US Travel and Weather|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091850/http://www.ustravelweather.com/weather-georgia/macon-weather.asp <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = September 29, 2007|date=July 2011}}</ref>
{{clear}}
<section begin="weather box" />{{Weather box|location = Macon, Georgia ([[Middle Georgia Regional Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1892–present{{efn|Official records for Macon were kept at downtown from October 1892 to 7 April 1899, the Weather Bureau from 8 April 1899 to November 1948, and at Middle Georgia Regional Airport since December 1948. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org ThreadEx].}}
|collapsed = Y 
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 84
|Feb record high F = 85
|Mar record high F = 92
|Apr record high F = 96
|May record high F = 100
|Jun record high F = 108
|Jul record high F = 108
|Aug record high F = 105
|Sep record high F = 105
|Oct record high F = 103
|Nov record high F = 88
|Dec record high F = 83
|year record high F = 108
|Jan avg record high F = 73.9
|Feb avg record high F = 76.8
|Mar avg record high F = 83.9
|Apr avg record high F = 88.0
|May avg record high F = 93.6
|Jun avg record high F = 97.5
|Jul avg record high F = 99.1
|Aug avg record high F = 98.7
|Sep avg record high F = 95.1
|Oct avg record high F = 88.9
|Nov avg record high F = 81.8
|Dec avg record high F = 75.9
|year avg record high F = 100.3
|Jan high F = 59.3
|Feb high F = 63.4
|Mar high F = 70.6
|Apr high F = 77.9
|May high F = 85.8
|Jun high F = 90.9
|Jul high F = 93.5
|Aug high F = 92.2
|Sep high F = 87.6
|Oct high F = 78.9
|Nov high F = 69.1
|Dec high F = 61.3
|year high F = 77.5
|Jan mean F = 47.6
|Feb mean F = 51.2
|Mar mean F = 57.7
|Apr mean F = 64.5
|May mean F = 72.9
|Jun mean F = 79.5
|Jul mean F = 82.5
|Aug mean F = 81.4
|Sep mean F = 76.2
|Oct mean F = 66.0
|Nov mean F = 55.8
|Dec mean F = 49.5
|year mean F = 65.4
|Jan low F = 35.9
|Feb low F = 39.1
|Mar low F = 44.9
|Apr low F = 51.0
|May low F = 60.0
|Jun low F = 68.1
|Jul low F = 71.5
|Aug low F = 70.7
|Sep low F = 64.8
|Oct low F = 53.2
|Nov low F = 42.5
|Dec low F = 37.8
|year low F = 53.3
|Jan avg record low F = 19.0
|Feb avg record low F = 22.4
|Mar avg record low F = 27.2
|Apr avg record low F = 34.8
|May avg record low F = 45.0
|Jun avg record low F = 58.3
|Jul avg record low F = 64.8
|Aug avg record low F = 62.1
|Sep avg record low F = 51.1
|Oct avg record low F = 35.6
|Nov avg record low F = 26.5
|Dec avg record low F = 22.8
|year avg record low F = 17.0
|Jan record low F = −6
|Feb record low F = 8
|Mar record low F = 14
|Apr record low F = 28
|May record low F = 40
|Jun record low F = 46
|Jul record low F = 54
|Aug record low F = 55
|Sep record low F = 35
|Oct record low F = 26
|Nov record low F = 10
|Dec record low F = 5
|year record low F = -6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 4.32
|Feb precipitation inch = 4.17
|Mar precipitation inch = 4.31
|Apr precipitation inch = 3.62
|May precipitation inch = 2.65
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.44
|Jul precipitation inch = 4.79
|Aug precipitation inch = 4.38
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.66
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.63
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.37
|Dec precipitation inch = 4.57
|year precipitation inch = 46.91
|Jan snow inch = 0.4
|Feb snow inch = 0.0
|Mar snow inch = 0.2
|Apr snow inch = 0.0
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.0
|Dec snow inch = 0.1
|year snow inch = 0.7
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 10.2
|Feb precipitation days = 9.2
|Mar precipitation days = 9.4
|Apr precipitation days = 8.2
|May precipitation days = 7.5
|Jun precipitation days = 11.2
|Jul precipitation days = 11.3
|Aug precipitation days = 10.2
|Sep precipitation days = 7.1
|Oct precipitation days = 6.3
|Nov precipitation days = 7.7
|Dec precipitation days = 9.4
|year precipitation days = 107.7
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.3
|Feb snow days = 0.2
|Mar snow days = 0.1
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.1
|year snow days = 0.7
|Jan humidity = 70.2
|Feb humidity = 67.2
|Mar humidity = 66.6
|Apr humidity = 64.8
|May humidity = 68.5
|Jun humidity = 70.7
|Jul humidity = 74.2
|Aug humidity = 76.1
|Sep humidity = 76.4
|Oct humidity = 71.2
|Nov humidity = 71.1
|Dec humidity = 70.9
|year humidity = 70.7
|Jan sun = 179.5
|Feb sun = 192.2
|Mar sun = 250.8
|Apr sun = 283.2
|May sun = 315.3
|Jun sun = 300.0
|Jul sun = 293.9
|Aug sun = 288.0
|Sep sun = 247.4
|Oct sun = 253.7
|Nov sun = 200.2
|Dec sun = 182.2
|Jan percentsun = 56
|Feb percentsun = 62
|Mar percentsun = 67
|Apr percentsun = 73 
|May percentsun = 73
|Jun percentsun = 70
|Jul percentsun = 67
|Aug percentsun = 70
|Sep percentsun = 67
|Oct percentsun = 72 
|Nov percentsun = 64 
|Dec percentsun = 59
|year percentsun = 67
|source 1 = [[NOAA]] (snow 1981–2010, relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)<ref name = NCDC >{{cite web 
| url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ffc 
| title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data 
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] 
| access-date = May 24, 2021 
| archive-date = June 5, 2021 
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210605094022/https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ffc 
| url-status = dead 
}}</ref><ref name=NCEI>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00003813&format=pdf
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
| title = Station: Macon Middle GA RGNL AP, GA
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020)
| access-date = May 24, 2021}}</ref><ref name=snowfall>
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00003813&format=pdf
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
| title = Station: Macon Middle GA Regional Airport, GA
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020)
| access-date = May 24, 2021}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web 
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72217.TXT 
| title = WMO Climate Normals for Macon/Lewis B Wilson Arpt GA 1961–1990 
| access-date = March 16, 2018 
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201224054334/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72217.TXT
| archive-date = 2020-12-24
| url-status = dead
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration}}</ref>
}}<section end="weather box" />

===Surrounding cities and towns===
{{Main|Macon, Georgia metropolitan area}}
{{wide image|Macon night skyline2.JPG|1000px|Downtown Macon at night in 2008}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1840 = 3297
| 1850 = 5720
| 1860 = 8247
| 1870 = 10810
| 1880 = 12749
| 1890 = 22746
| 1900 = 23272
| 1910 = 40665
| 1920 = 52995
| 1930 = 53829
| 1940 = 57865
| 1950 = 70252
| 1960 = 69764
| 1970 = 122423
| 1980 = 116896
| 1990 = 106612
| 2000 = 97255
| 2010 = 91351
| 2020 = 157346
| estyear = 2023
| estimate = 156512
| estref = <ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=March 24, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decade|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 1850–1870<ref name=1870CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1870 Census of Population – Georgia – Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1870|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-13.pdf |access-date=|page=}}</ref> 1870–1880<ref name=1880CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1880 Census of Population – Georgia – Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1880|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1880/vol-01-population/1880_v1-09.pdf |access-date=|page=}}</ref><br> 1890–1910<ref name=1910CensusGA>{{Cite web  |first=   |last=   |author-link=   |title= 1910 Census of Population – Georgia  |publisher= [[United States Census Bureau]]  |date= 1910  |url= https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-ga.pdf  |access-date=   |page=   |archive-date= January 16, 2024  |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240116032336/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-ga.pdf  |url-status= dead  }}</ref> 1920–1930<ref name=1930CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1930 Census of Population – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1930|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch04.pdf |access-date=|pages=251–256}}</ref><br> 1940<ref name=1940CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1940 Census of Population – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1940|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch04.pdf |access-date=}}</ref> 1950<ref name=1950CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1950 Census of Population – Georgia |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1950|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-2/37779083v2p11ch2.pdf |access-date=}}</ref> 1960<ref name=1960CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1960 Census of Population – Population of County Subdivisions – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1960|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/vol-01-12-c.pdf|access-date=}}</ref><br> 1970<ref name=1970CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1970 Census of Population – Population of County Subdivisions – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1970|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_ga-01.pdf|access-date=}}</ref> 1980<ref name=1980CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1980 Census of Population – Number of Inhabitants – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1980|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_gaABC-01.pdf|access-date=}}</ref> 1990<ref name=1990CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 1990 Census of Population – Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics – Georgia |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 1990|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-5/cph-5-12.pdf|access-date=}}</ref><br> 2000<ref name=2000CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 2000 Census of Population – General Population Characteristics – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 2000|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2003/dec/phc-3-12.pdf |access-date=}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusGA>{{Cite web|first= |last= |author-link=   |title= 2010 Census of Population – General Population Characteristics – Georgia  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date= 2010|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-12.pdf|access-date=}}</ref> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}

[[File:Map of Georgia highlighting Macon-Warner Robins-Fort Valley CSA.svg|alt=Locator map of the Macon-Warner Robins-Fort Valley CSA in central Georgia|left|thumb|347x347px|Location of the Macon-Warner Robins-Fort Valley CSA and its components: {{legend|#FF0000|Macon Metropolitan Statistical Area}} {{legend|#FFFF00|Warner Robins Metropolitan Statistical Area}}]]
Macon is the largest principal city in the [[Macon metropolitan area, Georgia#Combined Statistical Area|Macon-Warner Robins-Fort Valley CSA]], a [[combined statistical area]] that includes the [[Macon metropolitan area, Georgia|Macon metropolitan area]] (Bibb, [[Crawford County, Georgia|Crawford]], Jones, [[Monroe County, Georgia|Monroe]], and [[Twiggs County, Georgia|Twiggs]] Counties) and the [[Warner Robins, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area|Warner Robins metropolitan area]] ([[Houston County, Georgia|Houston]], [[Peach County, Georgia|Peach]], and [[Pulaski County, Georgia|Pulaski]] Counties) with a combined population of 411,898 in the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]].<ref name="GR2" />

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Macon-Bibb County, Georgia – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br /><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Macon city, Georgia|url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALSF12000.P004?g=160XX00US1349000|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Macon city, Georgia|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US1349000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Macon- Bibb County, Georgia|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=050XX00US13021&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|34,050
|25,296
|style='background: #ffffe6; |56,787
|35.01%
|27.69%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |36.09%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|60,503
|61,768
|style='background: #ffffe6; |85,234
|62.21%
|67.62%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |54.17%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|177
|146
|style='background: #ffffe6; |281
|0.18%
|0.16%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.18%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|608
|683
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,209
|0.63%
|0.75%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.04%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|27
|28
|style='background: #ffffe6; |42
|0.03%
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.03%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|60
|97
|style='background: #ffffe6; |602
|0.06%
|0.11%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.38%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or multiracial]] (NH)
|664
|1,069
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,454
|0.68%
|1.17%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.83%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|1,166
|2,264
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,737
|1.20%
|2.48%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.28%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''97,255'''
|'''91,351'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''157,346'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

As of the official 2010 U.S. [[census]],<ref name="GR2" /> the population of Macon was 91,351. In the last official census, in 2000, 97,255 people, 38,444 households, and 24,219 families were residing in the city.  The population density was {{convert|1,742.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 44,341 housing units had an average density of {{convert|794.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 67.94% African American, 28.56% White, 0.02% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 2.48% of the population. By the 2020 census, its population increased to 157,346.

Of the 38,444 households in 2000,  30.1% had children under 18 living with them, 33.0% were married couples living together, 25.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were not families. About 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older.  The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the city, the age distribution was 26.9% under 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 or older.  The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.7 males.  For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 72.8 males.

==Crime==
Since 2020, crime has become a higher concern in the city. In 2022, Macon set a homicide record with 70.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://wgxa.tv/news/local/bibb-co-coroner-reacts-to-2022-record-breaking-homicide-numbers-crime-murder-macon-homicide-numbers-death-macon-violence-macon-violence-prevention-mvp- | title=Bibb Co. Coroner reacts to 2022 record breaking homicide numbers | date=January 2, 2023 }}</ref> In 2023, Macon had the highest crime rate in Georgia: 52.6 crimes per 1,000 residents.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.41nbc.com/macon-bibb-revealed-georgias-crime-capital-according-to-new-study/ | title=Study: Bibb County revealed as Georgia's crime capital | date=December 13, 2023 }}</ref> Gang activity is a major reason for the crime problem in Macon.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.13wmaz.rticle/news/special-reports/caught-in-the-cross-hairs/former-macon-gang-member-talks-how-gangs-operate-and-how-he-got-out/93-5e43e377-04c0-4b5a-b15a-7981adaf0f66#:~:text=In%202022%2C%20The%20families%20of,Lt | title=13Investigates: Former Macon gang member talks how gangs operate and how he got out | date=February 16, 2023 }}</ref> The [[Georgia Bureau of Investigation]] expanded its Gang Task Force Office to Macon in 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gbi.georgia.gov/press-releases/2023-04-21/gbi-expands-gang-task-force-middle-georgia#:~:text=Macon%2C%20Georgia%20(April%2021%2C,new%20home%20in%20downtown%20Macon | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505122825/https://gbi.georgia.gov/press-releases/2023-04-21/gbi-expands-gang-task-force-middle-georgia#:~:text=Macon%2C%20Georgia%20(April%2021%2C,new%20home%20in%20downtown%20Macon | url-status=dead | archive-date=May 5, 2023 | title=GBI Expands Gang Task Force to Middle Georgia &#124; Georgia Bureau of Investigation }}</ref> In 2024, Macon-Bibb County saw a decrease in homicides, with 39 reported compared to 40 in 2023 and 71 in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-18 |title=Yes, so far this year, crime is down in Macon-Bibb County {{!}} VERIFY |url=https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/macon/yes-crime-gone-down-in-macon-bibb-county-we-verify/93-79201d69-c340-49a3-acbd-09fca8951fe8 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=WMAZ |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fabian |first=Liz |date=2024-01-03 |title=AskMayorMiller: New jail, downtown development, reduced crime rates |url=https://macon-newsroom.com/20006/news/askmayormiller-new-jail-downtown-development-reduced-crime-rates/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=The Macon Newsroom}}</ref>

==Economy==
The aerospace, advanced manufacturing, food processing, healthcare, professional services, and warehouse and distribution industries drive the economy in Macon-Bibb County. Long-standing large private employers include [[Mercer University]], [[GEICO]]'s Southeast Corporate Headquarters, [[YKK]] USA, and [[Norfolk Southern Railway]]'s Brosnan Yard.

The decline of the textile industry in the South, along with the shuttering of other large manufacturing operations, such as the closing of the [[Brown & Williamson|Brown and Williamson]] plant in 2006, caused a decline in the city's economy in the 2000s. In recent years, the city has successfully landed numerous new employers to diversify the economy, such as Irving Consumer Products and Kuhmo Tire manufacturing plants, as well as multiple aerospace employers at the [[Middle Georgia Regional Airport]], including an [[Embraer]] aircraft maintenance facility.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://mbcia.com/doing-business/leading-industries/ | title=Leading Industries }}</ref>

The health-care and social-assistance sector is the largest industry in Macon by number of employees,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://explorer.gdol.ga.gov/vosnet/mis/Profiles/msa/macon.pdf |title=Macon |access-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-date=March 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313041733/https://explorer.gdol.ga.gov/vosnet/mis/Profiles/msa/macon.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> with the [[Atrium Health]] Navicent and Piedmont Healthcare Macon hospital systems, two of the city's largest employers, making Macon the healthcare hub for the Middle and South Georgia regions.

===Personal income===
The 2010 Census listed Macon's median household income as $28,366, below the state average of $49,347. The median family income was $37,268. Full-time working males had a median income of $34,163, higher than the $28,082 for females. The city's  [[per capita income]] was $17,010.  About 24.1% of families and 30.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 43.6% of those under 18 and 18.4% of those over 65.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |title=U.S. Census website |date=March 9, 2011 |access-date=2017-06-25 }}</ref>

===Retail===
<!---blue-linked malls ONLY. All others will be deleted as [[WP:SPAM]]--->
Malls include [[The Shoppes at River Crossing]], [[Macon Mall]], and Eisenhower Crossing. Traditional{{clarify|strip malls?|date=October 2012}} shopping centers are in the downtown area and Ingleside Village.<ref>{{cite web |author=Georgia Department of Economic Development |url=http://www.exploregeorgia.org/listing/2586-ingleside-village-shopping-arts-district |title=Ingleside Village Shopping & Arts District &#124; Macon, Georgia |website=Exploregeorgia.org |date=August 26, 2014 |access-date=2017-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202191634/http://www.exploregeorgia.org/listing/2586-ingleside-village-shopping-arts-district |archive-date=February 2, 2018 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

===Military===
Macon is the headquarters of the [[48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team]], [[Georgia Army National Guard]]. The largest single-site industrial complex in Georgia,<ref>{{cite web |title=Robins Air Force Base |url=http://www.military.com/base-guide/robins-air-force-base |access-date=2017-01-29 |website=Military.com}}</ref> [[Robins Air Force Base]], is {{Convert|10|mi}} south of Macon on Highway 247, just east of [[Warner Robins]].

==Arts and culture==
{{Promotional|section|date=July 2010}}

===Musical heritage===
Macon has been home for numerous musicians and composers, including [[Emmett Miller]], [[The Allman Brothers Band]], [[Randy Crawford]], [[Mark Heard]], [[Lucille Hegamin]], [[Ben Johnston (composer)|Ben Johnston]], [[Otis Redding]], [[Little Richard]], [[Mike Mills]],<ref>{{cite web|author=Jason Ankeny |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/mike-mills-mn0000414895/biography |title=Mike Mills &#124; Biography & History |website=[[AllMusic]] |date=December 17, 1958 |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref> and [[Bill Berry]] of [[R.E.M.]], as well as more recent artists like [[violin]]ist [[Robert McDuffie]] and [[country music|country]] artist [[Jason Aldean]].{{clarify|these need to have their START in Macon. There is already an article for People from Macon|date=February 2012}} [[Capricorn Records]], run by Macon natives [[Phil Walden]] and briefly Alan Walden, made the city a [[Southern rock]] music production center in the late 1960s and 1970s.<ref name=HallOfFame>Georgia Music Hall of Fame. [http://www.georgiamusicstore.com/artist/G8/ "Alan Walden – Georgia Music Hall of Fame 2003 Inductee"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511225903/http://www.georgiamusicstore.com/artist/G8/ |date=May 11, 2008 }}. Georgiamusicstore.com. Retrieved August 27, 2008.</ref>

The Macon Symphony Orchestra,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maconsymphony.com/ |title=Macon Symphony Orchestra Website |publisher=Maconsymphony.com |date=May 5, 2012 |access-date=2012-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105174528/http://www.maconsymphony.com/ |archive-date=November 5, 2006 |url-status=usurped |df=mdy-all }}</ref> a youth symphony, and the Middle Georgia Concert Band perform at the [[Grand Opera House (Macon, Georgia)|Grand Opera House]] in [[downtown Macon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.middlegeorgiaconcertband.org/ |title=Middle Georgia Concert Band website |publisher=Middlegeorgiaconcertband.org |date=January 9, 2012 |access-date=2012-05-30}}</ref>

The [[Georgia Music Hall of Fame]] was located in Macon from 1996 to 2011.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/news/2012/02/23/closed-georgia-music-hall-site.html | first=Dave | last=Williams | title=Closed Georgia Music Hall site 'surplus property' | date=2012-02-23}}</ref>

===Festivals===
[[File:Chblossomfest.JPG|thumb|[[International Cherry Blossom Festival|Cherry Blossom Festival]]]]
[[File:2004-03121sunset.jpg|thumb|Georgia State Fair]]

* [[International Cherry Blossom Festival]], a 10-day celebration, is held every mid-March in Macon.
* The Mulberry Street Festival,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.middlegeorgiaart.org |title=Home – Middle Georgia Art Association |publisher=Middlegeorgiaart.org |access-date=2012-02-29}}</ref> an arts and crafts festival, is held downtown the last weekend of March.
*The Juneteenth Freedom Festival is an annual June performing-arts and educational celebration of the end of American slavery in 1865, celebrating black freedom and heritage both ancient and contemporary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-17 |title=Macon Makes Juneteenth Bigger Than Ever – Macon Magazine |url=https://maconmagazine.com/macon-juneteenth-2023/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=Macon Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Pan African Festival, an annual celebration of the [[African diaspora]] and culture, is held in April.
* Ocmulgee Indigenous Celebration, a celebration of the original residents of the land where Macon now sits, is held every third weekend in September<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park |url=https://www.exploregeorgia.org/macon/arts-culture/museums/ocmulgee-mounds-national-historical-park |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=Official Georgia Tourism & Travel Website {{!}} Explore Georgia.org |language=en}}</ref> at [[Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ocmulgee Indigenous Celebration – Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/ocmu/planyourvisit/ocmulgee-indigenous-celebration.htm |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=U.S. National Park Service |language=en}}</ref> Representatives from the [[Cherokee]], [[Chickasaw]], [[Choctaw]], [[Creek people|Creek]], [[Seminole]], and other nations come to share stories, exhibit Native art, and perform traditional songs and dance.
* Skydog<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wdawebs.com/skydog/?skydog|title=Skydog 73|website=wdawebs.com}}</ref> is a music festival celebrating the birthday, life, and music of Skydog ([[Duane Allman]]) held in November.
* The [[Georgia Music Hall of Fame]] hosts Georgia Music Week in September.
* Macon's annual Bragg Jam festival features an Art and Kids' Festival along the Ocmulgee Heritage Trail and a nighttime pub crawl.
* Macon Film Festival<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maconfilmfestival.com/ |title=Macon Film Festival |publisher=Macon Film Festival |date=February 19, 2012 |access-date=2012-02-29}}</ref> is an annual celebration of independent films, held the third weekend in July.

===Points of interest===
[[File:Fort Hawkins Macon, Georgia.jpg|thumb|[[Fort Benjamin Hawkins]]]]

====Historical sites====
* [[Terminal Station (Macon, Georgia)|Terminal Station]], a railroad station built in 1916,<ref name="railga.com"/> is located on 5th St. at the end of Cherry St.  Its architect was [[Alfred Fellheimer]], prominent for his 1903 design of [[Grand Central Terminal]] in [[New York City]]. 
* [[Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park]] is located near downtown Macon. It preserves some of Georgia's largest ancient [[Earthworks (archaeology)|earthwork mounds]] built by the [[Mississippian culture]] a millennium ago, c. 950–1150. It was sacred to the historic [[Muscogee (Creek)|Muscogee]] (Creek Nation) as well. Archeological artifacts reveal 13,000 years of human habitation at the site.<ref name="georgiaencyclopedia1"/> The park features a spiral mound, funeral mound, temple mounds, burial mounds, and a reconstructed [[earth house|earth lodge]]. It is the first [[Traditional Cultural Property]] designated by the [[National Park Service]] east of the Mississippi River.
* [[Fort Benjamin Hawkins]], a major military outpost (1806–1821), was a command headquarters for the U.S. Army and Georgia militia on the boundary between U.S.-held and Native land, as well as a trading post or factory for the [[Creek Nation]]. It was a supply depot during U.S. campaigns of the [[War of 1812]] and the Creek and [[Seminole Wars]].
* [[Cannonball House (Macon, Georgia)|Cannonball House]], a historic home on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cannonballhouse.org/ |title="Cannonball House" Website |publisher=Cannonballhouse.org |date=February 6, 2012 |access-date=2012-05-30}}</ref>
* [[Luther Williams Field]]
* [[Old City Cemetery (Macon, Georgia)|Old City Cemetery]], one of Macon's oldest [[cemetery|cemeteries]]
* [[Rose Hill Cemetery (Georgia)|Rose Hill Cemetery]], a cemetery listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]
* [[Sidney Lanier]] Cottage, the poet's historic home.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historicmacon.org/slc.html |title=coming soon...Historic Macon Foundation |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040828014744/http://www.historicmacon.org/slc.html |archive-date=August 28, 2004 }}</ref>
* [[Temple Beth Israel (Macon, Georgia)|Temple Beth Israel]], a domed [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] built in 1902 to house Macon's [[Judaism|Jewish]] congregation, founded in 1859.<ref name=history>{{cite web |url=http://www.ga011.urj.net/hxtbi.html |title=History of Temple Beth Israel |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050206203949/http://www.ga011.urj.net/hxtbi.html |archive-date=February 6, 2005 }}</ref>
* [[Wesleyan College]], the first chartered women's college in the world

====Museums====
* [[The Allman Brothers Band Museum]] – the "Big House" used by the Allman Brothers Band in the early 1970s, now a museum of Allman Brothers history and artifacts
* The Georgia Children's Museum<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.georgiachildrensmuseum.com/ |title=Georgia Children's Museum in Macon, GA |publisher=Georgiachildrensmuseum.com |access-date=2012-02-29 |archive-date=February 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224125441/http://www.georgiachildrensmuseum.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> – interactive education, located in the downtown Museum District
* [[Georgia Sports Hall of Fame]]
* The Little Richard House and Museum – a museum of Little Richard's history and artifacts
* [[Museum of Arts and Sciences (Macon)|Museum of Arts and Sciences]] and Planetarium
* [[Tubman Museum]] of African American Art, History, and Culture – the largest African American museum in the Southeast

====Community====
* [[City Hall (Macon, Georgia)|City Hall]], Georgia's capital for part of the Civil War
[[File:Macon Auditorium.JPG|thumb|right|[[Macon City Auditorium]] – featuring the world's largest true copper dome]]

* [[Douglass Theatre]], named for its founder Charles Henry Douglass. An entrepreneur from a prominent black family, he was an established theatre developer well versed in the vaudeville and entertainment business. The theatre has undergone modern renovations and hosts numerous theatrical events.
* The [[Grand Opera House (Macon, Georgia)|Grand Opera House]], where the Macon Symphony Orchestra performs
* [[Johnston-Felton-Hay House|Hay House]] – also known as the "Johnston-Felton-Hay House", it has  been referred to as the "Palace of the South"<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Hay House|url=http://www.georgiatrust.org/historic_sites/hayhouse/history.php|publisher=The Georgia Trust|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716095413/http://www.georgiatrust.org/historic_sites/hayhouse/history.php|archive-date=July 16, 2012|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[Macon City Auditorium|City Auditorium]], the world's largest true copper dome<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/blog/2010/09/08/RoofDomes.aspx |title=Rutland Architectural Blog – Roof Domes |publisher=Rutlandguttersupply.com |date=September 8, 2010 |access-date=2012-02-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100913050514/http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/blog/2010/09/08/RoofDomes.aspx |archive-date=September 13, 2010 }}</ref>
* [[Macon Coliseum]]
* Macon Little Theatre, established in 1934, is the area's oldest community theatre, producing seven plays/musicals per season
* [[Waddell Barnes Botanical Gardens]]
* Theatre Macon, in the old Ritz Theatre; they perform around nine shows a year

==Sports==
Macon is home to the [[Mercer Bears]], with [[NCAA Division I]] teams in [[association football|soccer]] (men's and women's), [[American football|football]], [[baseball]], [[basketball]] (men's and women's), [[tennis]], and [[lacrosse]]. [[Central Georgia Technical College]] competes in men's and women's basketball. Wesleyan College, a women's school, has basketball, [[association football|soccer]], [[cross country running|cross country]], tennis, [[softball]], and [[volleyball]] teams.
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Club
!Sport
!League
!Venue
|-
|[[Macon Bacon]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maconbaconbaseball.com/|title=info |date=March 13, 2018 |access-date=2018-03-13}}</ref>
|[[Baseball]]
|[[Coastal Plain League]]
|[[Luther Williams Field]]
|-
|[[Macon Mayhem]]
|[[Ice hockey]]
|[[SPHL]]
|[[Macon Coliseum]]
|}

===Former teams===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Club
!Sport
!League
!Venue
!Active
|-
|[[Macon State College]] Blue Storm
|Various
|[[NCCAA]]
|Various
|2009–2013
|-
|Macon Central City/Hornets
|Baseball
|[[Southern League (1885–99)|Southern League]]
|Central City Park
|1892–1894
|-
|Macon Highlanders/Brigands/[[Peach]]es/Tigers
|[[Baseball]]
|[[South Atlantic League]]
|Central City Park and [[Luther Williams Field]]
|1904–1917, 1923–1930
|-
|Macon Peaches/[[Dodgers]]/Redbirds/Pirates
|Baseball
|[[Southeastern League]] (1932), South Atlantic League (1936–42, 1946–60, 1962–63, 1980–87), [[Southern Association]] (1961), Southern League (1964, 1966–67)
|Luther Williams Field
|1932, 1936–1942, 1946–1960, 1961–1964, 1966–1967, 1980–1982
|-
|[[Macon Braves]]
|Baseball
|South Atlantic League
|Luther Williams Field
|1991–2002
|-
|Macon Peaches
|Baseball
|Southeastern League
|Luther Williams Field
|2003
|-
|[[Macon Music]]
|Baseball
|[[South Coast League]]
|Luther Williams Field
|2007
|-
|Macon Pinetoppers
|Baseball
|Peach State League
|Luther Williams Field
|2010
|-
|Macon Blaze
|[[Basketball]]
|[[World Basketball Association]]
|[[Macon Coliseum]]
|2005
|-
|[[Macon Whoopees (SHL)|Macon Whoopees]]
|[[Ice hockey]]
|[[Southern Hockey League (1973–1977)|Southern Hockey League]]
|Macon Coliseum
|1974
|-
|[[Macon Whoopee (CHL)|Macon Whoopee]]
|Ice hockey
|[[Central Hockey League]] (1996–2001), [[ECHL]] (2001–02)
|Macon Coliseum
|1996–2002
|-
|[[Macon Trax]]
|Ice hockey
|[[Atlantic Coast Hockey League]] (2002–03), [[World Hockey Association 2]] (2003–04), Southern Professional Hockey League (2004–05)
|Macon Coliseum
|2002–2005
|-
|[[Macon Knights]]
|[[Arena football]]
|[[af2]]
|Macon Coliseum
|2001–2006
|-
|[[Macon Steel]]
|[[Indoor American football|Indoor football]]
|[[American Indoor Football]]
|Macon Coliseum
|2012
|-
|[[Georgia Doom]]
|Indoor football
|[[American Arena League]]
|Macon Coliseum
|2018–2019
|-
|Middle Georgia United
|Soccer
|[[UPSL]]
|Cavalier Fields
|2021-2021
|}

==Parks and recreation==
The city maintains several parks and community centers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofmacon.net/citydept-pr-recctr |title=Recreation Centers &#124; cityofmacon.net |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723145209/http://www.cityofmacon.net/citydept-pr-recctr |archive-date=July 23, 2010 }}</ref>
[[File:OcmulgeeRiverWalk.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ocmulgee Riverwalk]]]]
[[File:Macon_Skatepark_Bowl.jpg|thumb|right|[[Central City Skatepark]]]]
[[File:Central City Park, circa 1877 - DPLA - 98e6a4d7a40d9c7f6b21a448aed97c08.jpeg|thumb|Central City Park, 1877]]
*Ocmulgee Heritage Trail – a green way of parks, plazas, and landmarks along the [[Ocmulgee River]] in downtown Macon
*Bloomfield Park
*East Macon Park
*Frank Johnson Recreation Center
*Freedom Park
*L.H. Williams Community School Center
*Memorial Park
*North Macon Park
*Rosa Jackson
*Senior Center
*John Drew Smith Tennis Center
*Tattnall Square Tennis Center
*Charles H. Jones Gateway Park<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.exploregeorgia.org/listing/3501-otis-redding-statue-at-ocmulgee-heritage-trail-gateway-park |title=Otis Redding Statue at Ocmulgee Heritage Trail Gateway Park &#124; Macon, Georgia |website=Exploregeorgia.org |date=August 26, 2014 |access-date=2017-01-29 |archive-date=December 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221162828/http://www.exploregeorgia.org/listing/3501-otis-redding-statue-at-ocmulgee-heritage-trail-gateway-park |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*Carolyn Crayton Park (formerly Central City Park)<ref>{{cite news |last1=McGouirk |first1=Brandon |title=Macon community celebrates as Central City Park officially rebrands to honor local icon, Carolyn Crayton |url=https://wgxa.tv/news/local/macon-community-celebrates-as-central-city-park-officially-rebrands-to-honor-local-icon-carolyn-crayton |access-date=21 August 2023 |work=WGXA News |date=12 July 2023}}</ref>
*Central City Skatepark

===Baconsfield Park===
U.S. Senator [[Augustus Bacon]], of Georgia, in his 1911 will, devised land in Macon in trust, to be used as a public park for the exclusive benefit of white people. The park, known as Baconsfield, was operated in that manner for many years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Case over Baconsfield Park |url=https://faculty.mercer.edu/davis_da/fys102/baconsfield.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104092909/http://faculty.mercer.edu/davis_da/fys102/baconsfield.html |archive-date=2014-11-04 |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=Mercer University}}</ref> In ''Evans v. Newton'',<ref>382 U.S. 296 (1966),</ref> the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] held that the park could not continue to be operated on a racially discriminatory basis. The [[Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)|Supreme Court of Georgia]] thereupon declared "that the sole purpose for which the trust was created has become impossible of accomplishment" and remanded the case to the trial court, which held [[Cy-près doctrine|cy-près]] doctrine to be inapplicable, since the park's segregated character was an essential and inseparable part of Bacon's plan. The trial court ruled that the trust failed and that the property reverted to Bacon's heirs. The Supreme Court of Georgia<ref>224 Ga. 826, 165 S.E.2d 160 (1968)</ref> and the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed.<ref>Evans v. Abney, 396 U.S. 435 (1970).</ref> The 50-acre (20 ha) park was lost and commercially developed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/the-bearfaced-truth/baconsfield-macons-missing-park-1fe5ec37c0cb|title = Baconsfield: Macon's Missing Park|date = May 3, 2019}}</ref>

==Government==
{{See also|List of mayors of Macon, Georgia}}
[[File:City Hall Macon.jpg|thumb|right|[[City Hall (Macon, Georgia)|Macon City Hall]]]]
Prior to 2013, the city government consisted of a mayor and city council. [[Robert Reichert]] was elected the first mayor of the consolidated Macon-Bibb County in October 2013.<ref name="ReichertMaconBibb" /> There are also 9 County Commissioners elected from districts within the county.<ref name="redsignedGovernment" />

On March 15, 2019, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission charged the former County Manager, Dale M. Walker, with fraud.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/litigation/litreleases/2019/lr24424.htm|date= Mar 15, 2019|title=SEC Charges Former Municipal Officer with Fraud in Connection with Public Pension Funds|work=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission|U.S.Securities and Exchange Commission]]|access-date=March 15, 2019}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:Mercer University Administration Building.jpg|thumb|right|[[Mercer University]]]]
[[File:Georgia Academy for the Blind on Vineville, Macon Georgia USA, September 2021 - 02.jpg|thumb|[[Georgia Academy for the Blind]]]]

===Public schools===
<!---This shouldn't be in list form, and there should be at least some kind of description of the school district-->
[[Bibb County Public School District]] operates district public schools.

Public high schools include:
* [[Central High School (Macon, Georgia)|Central High School]]
* [[Howard High School (Macon, Georgia)|Howard High School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=School Listing|url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/howardhs|publisher=Bibb County Board of Education|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-date=July 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704155224/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/howardhs|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Northeast Health Science Magnet High School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=School Listing|url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/northeast|publisher=Bibb County Board of Education|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-date=April 22, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422150748/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/northeast|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Rutland High School (Macon, Georgia)|Rutland High School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=School Listing|url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/rutlandhs|publisher=Bibb County Board of Education|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-date=September 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902110611/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/rutlandhs|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Southwest Magnet High School and Law Academy]]<ref>{{cite web|title=School Listing|url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/southwest|publisher=Bibb County Board of Education|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-date=August 25, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825071115/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/southwest|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Westside High School (Macon, Georgia)|Westside High School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=School Listing|url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/westside|publisher=Bibb County Board of Education|access-date=July 2, 2012|archive-date=June 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614200417/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/westside|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Georgia Academy for the Blind]], operated by the state of Georgia, is a statewide school for blind students.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gabmacon.org/index.aspx |title=Welcome to Georgia Academy for the Blind |publisher=Georgia Academy for the Blind |access-date=July 2, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404053823/http://www.gabmacon.org/index.aspx |archive-date=April 4, 2012 }}</ref>

Also operated by Bibb County Public Schools:

* Elam Alexander Academy<ref>{{cite web |url=http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/elam |title=Elam Alexander Academy / Overview |website=Schools.bibb.k12.ga.us |access-date=2017-01-29 |archive-date=January 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120031530/http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/elam |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Northwoods Academy<ref>http://schools.bibb.k12.ga.us/butler {{dead link|date=January 2017}}</ref>

===Private high schools===
Macon is home to several private high schools, many of which were established as [[segregation academies]] for parents wishing to avoid the desegregation of private schools, with the exception of Mount de Sales Academy.<ref name="mansis">{{Cite book |last=Manis |first=Andrew Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7j-wXvGvNvcC&pg=PA312 |title=Macon Black and White: An Unutterable Separation in the American Century |date=2004 |publisher=Mercer University Press |isbn=9780865549586 |page=312 |language=en |author-link=Andrew Manis}}</ref>
* Covenant Academy<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.covenantacademy.net/ |title=Covenant Academy |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=deviated |archive-date=December 3, 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011203124418/http://www.covenantacademy.net/ }}</ref>
* [[First Presbyterian Day School]]
* [[Mount de Sales Academy (Georgia)|Mount de Sales Academy]]
* [[Stratford Academy]]
* [[Tattnall Square Academy]]
* [[Windsor Academy]]

===State public charter schools===
* The Academy for Classical Education<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.acemacon.org |title=Academy for Classical Education |website=Acemacon.org |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref>
* Cirrus Academy Charter School<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cirrusacademy.org/|title=Home|website=Cirrus Academy Charter School}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Madison Cavalchire |url=https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/new-charter-school-opens-in-macon/285504845 |title=New charter school opens in Macon; 13 WMAZ |website=13wmaz.com |date=August 1, 2016 |access-date=2021-12-04}}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===
Approximately 30,000 college students live in the greater Macon area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maconworks.com/higher-education.da |title=Great South League &#124; Macon Giants |publisher=Greatsouthleague.pointstreaksites.com |date=January 2, 2011 |access-date=2012-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115133753/http://www.maconworks.com/higher-education.da |archive-date=January 15, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

* [[Central Georgia Technical College]]
* [[Mercer University]]
* [[Middle Georgia State University]]
* [[Miller-Motte Technical College]] – satellite campus
* [[Wesleyan College]]

==Media==
{{see also|List of newspapers in Georgia (U.S. state)|Template:Macon Radio|Template:Macon TV}}
Macon has a substantial number of local television and radio stations. It is also served by two local papers.

===Newspapers and magazines===
*''[[The 11th Hour (newspaper)|The 11th Hour]]''
*Gateway Macon (web portal), The Local's Guide for Things To Do in Macon
*''Macon Business Journal'', a journal chronicling the business community in the Middle Georgia region
*''Macon Community News'', a monthly positive news print newspaper
*''[[The Mercer Cluster]]''
*''[[The Telegraph (Macon)|The Telegraph]]'', a daily newspaper published in Macon

==References in popular culture==
===''The Simpsons''===
In "[[Bart on the Road]]", a Season 7 episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'', character [[Nelson Muntz]] suggests the boys take a road trip to Macon. Later he reminds the group that none of their troubles would have happened had they chosen Macon over [[Knoxville, Tennessee]].

===''Gone with the Wind''===
In [[Margaret Mitchell]]'s novel ''[[Gone with the Wind (novel)|Gone with the Wind]]'', Aunt Pittypat's coachman, Uncle Peter, protected her when she fled to Macon during [[William Tecumseh Sherman|Sherman]]'s assault on [[Battle of Atlanta|Atlanta]].

=== Telltale's ''The Walking Dead'' ===
The city of Macon is visited in ''[[The Walking Dead (video game)|The Walking Dead]]'' episodic adventure game by [[Telltale Games]] and its standalone DLC ''400 Days''.

In ''Season One'', the city is portrayed as a small rural town and is visited by the main characters as they temporarily set up camp in the city. The city is the hometown of the game's main protagonist and the playable character throughout the game, [[Lee Everett]]. He and the other survivors barricade themselves inside his family's pharmacy as they are besieged by zombies. After one of the survivors dies, the group heads to a motel on the outskirts of Macon where they set up camp for two more episodes, before eventually deciding to leave the city for [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]].

In ''400 Days'', the city is briefly shown in the episode "Vince's Story" as a flashback to when the episode's main character, Vince, fatally shoots an unseen and unnamed resident of the city before fleeing into the night before the apocalypse began. This murder would ultimately lead to Vince's arrest and the events that occurred at the beginning of the zombie apocalypse.

=== "Walkin' Back to Georgia" ===
In [[Jim Croce]]'s "Walkin' Back to Georgia" on his album [[You Don't Mess Around with Jim|You Don't Mess Around With Jim]], Croce mentions Macon in the lyric "But she's the girl who said she loved me on that hot dusty Macon road."<ref>{{Cite web |title=But she's the girl who said she loved me / On that hot dusty Macon road / And if she's still around, I'm gonna settle down / With that-a hard lovin' Georgia girl |url=https://genius.com/Jim-croce-walkin-back-to-georgia-lyrics?referent_id=14079112#note-14079112 |access-date=2024-12-24 |website=Genius}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==

===Hospitals===
* [[The Medical Center, Navicent Health]] (a part of [[Atrium Health]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Medical Center – Navicent Health, Macon, Georgia – Atrium Health Navicent |url=https://navicenthealth.org/service-center/the-medical-center |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=navicenthealth.org |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Atrium Health]] Navicent Beverly Knight Olson Children's Hospital (formerly The Children's Hospital Of Central Georgia)
* Piedmont Health Macon (formerly Coliseum Medical Centers)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-03 |title='Cost-effective and efficient care': Piedmont Healthcare purchasing Coliseum Medical Centers, Coliseum Northside |url=https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/local/serve-the-needs-of-the-macon-community-piedmont-healthcare-to-buy-coliseum-medical-centers-coliseum-northside-2/93-840eb68b-9bbb-4757-920a-c0cb9a2b7215 |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=WMAZ |language=en-US}}</ref>
** Piedmont Macon Medical Center<ref>{{Cite web |title=Piedmont Macon Medical Center {{!}} Piedmont Healthcare |url=https://www.piedmont.org/locations/piedmont-macon-medical/about |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=www.piedmont.org}}</ref>
** [[Coliseum Northside Hospital|Piedmont Macon North Hospital]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Piedmont Macon North Hospital {{!}} Piedmont Healthcare |url=https://www.piedmont.org/locations/piedmont-macon-north/about |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=www.piedmont.org}}</ref>
* The American Red Cross of Central Georgia
* Central Georgia Rehabilitation Hospital

===Transportation===
{{Anchor|prose}}

====Airports====
*[[Macon Downtown Airport]] is located near downtown. It has a large number of corporate and private aviation aircraft.<!---okay to put distance. "time" is usually irrelevant since it is typically exaggerated on the lower side--->
*[[Middle Georgia Regional Airport]] provides public air service to Macon as well as cargo flights. The airport is situated {{convert|9|mi|abbr=on}} south of downtown.

====Highways====
Interstates:
*[[File:I-16.svg|20px]] &nbsp;[[Interstate 16 (Georgia)|Interstate 16]]
* [[File:I-75.svg|20px]] &nbsp;[[Interstate 75 (Georgia)|Interstate 75]]
* [[File:I-475.svg|25px]] &nbsp;[[Interstate 475 (Georgia)|Interstate 475]]
* [[File:I-14 (Future).svg|20px]] &nbsp;[[Interstate 14]] '''(proposed)'''

U.S. Routes:
* [[File:US 23.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 23 (Georgia)|U.S. Route 23]]
* [[File:US 41.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 41 in Georgia|U.S. Route 41]]
* [[File:US 80.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 80 (Georgia)|U.S. Route 80]]
* [[File:US 129.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 129 (Georgia)|U.S. Route 129]]

State Routes:
* [[File:Georgia 11.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 11|State Route 11]]
* [[File:Georgia 19.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 19|State Route 19]]
* [[File:Georgia 22.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 22|State Route 22]]
* [[File:Georgia 49.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 49|State Route 49]]
* [[File:Georgia 74.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 74|State Route 74]]
* [[File:Georgia 87.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 87|State Route 87]]
* [[File:Georgia 87 Connector.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 87 Connector (Macon)|State Route 87 Connector]]
* [[File:Georgia 247.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 247|State Route 247]]
* [[File:Georgia 401.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 401|State Route 401]] (unsigned designation for I-75)
* [[File:Georgia 404.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 404|State Route 404]] (unsigned designation for I-16)
* [[File:Georgia 408.svg|20px]] [[Georgia State Route 408|State Route 408]] (unsigned designation for I-475)
* [[File:Georgia 540.svg|20px]] [[Fall Line Freeway|State Route 540 (Fall Line Freeway)]]

====Mass transit====
[[File:Macon Transit Authority MAC City Bus.jpg|thumb|right|MTA-MAC City Bus]]

The [[Macon Transit Authority]] (MTA) is Macon's public-transit system, operating the Public Transit City Bus System throughout Macon-Bibb County. As of 2022, the MTA has a total of 10 city bus routes, operating out of the [[Terminal Station (Macon, Georgia)|Terminal Station]] hub.<ref name="ridingMacon">{{cite news |last1=Eason |first1=Jenna |title=Riding the bus in Macon isn't so hard. Here's a simple guide to get you started |url=https://www.macon.com/news/local/article251007774.html |access-date=30 May 2022 |work=The Macon Telegraph |date=30 April 2021}}{{subscription required}}</ref>

====Intercity bus and rail====
[[Greyhound Lines]] provides intercity bus service. In 2019, they moved from a stand-alone bus station to the Terminal Station to be in the same hub as the local mass transit busses.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kousouris |first1=Abby |title='It's all here in the same building:' Greyhound station relocates to Macon Transit hub |url=https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/greyhound-station-relocates-to-macon-transit-hub/93-75c3b023-c5a7-4161-91ae-8e4b6b7ce0e8 |access-date=29 May 2022 |work=13wmaz.com |date=31 July 2019}}</ref>

Macon grew as a center of rail transport after the 1846 opening of the [[Macon and Western Railroad]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nscorp.com/nscportal/nscorp/Community/NS%20History/timeline.html |title=Norfolk Southern – The Thoroughbred of Transportation &#124; Creating green jobs shipping freight by rail |publisher=Nscorp.com |access-date=2012-02-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315214622/http://www.nscorp.com/nscportal/nscorp/Community/NS%20History/timeline.html |archive-date=March 15, 2012 }}</ref>  Two of the most note-worthy train companies operating through the city were the [[Central of Georgia Railway]] and the [[Southern Railway (U.S.)|Southern Railway]].  The city continued to be served by passenger trains at Terminal Station until 1971. The [[Frisco Railroad]]'s ''[[Kansas City–Florida Special]]'' served the city until 1964.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.american-rails.com/kansas-city-florida-special.html | title="Kansas City-Florida Special" (Train): Timetable, Schedule }}</ref> The Southern's ''[[Royal Palm (train)|Royal Palm]]'' ran from Cincinnati, through Macon, to [[Miami, Florida]] until 1966. (A truncated route served to Valdosta, Georgia until 1970.) The Central of Georgia's ''[[Nancy Hanks (train)|Nancy Hanks]]'' ran through Macon, from [[Atlanta]] to [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]], until 1971.
Since at least 2006, Macon has been included in the proposed [[Georgia Rail Passenger Program]] to restore inter-city rail service but as of 2020, Georgia lacks any inter-city passenger rail service other than the federally funded inter-state [[Amtrak]] services. In 2022, [[Amtrak]] announced a new fifteen-year plan to expand its services, which included Macon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.13wmaz.com/article/news/federal-infrastructure-plan-could-bring-rail-stop-to-macon/93-c7b01134-e262-4ae6-a345-58a278b4969c|title = People in Macon could soon catch a train to Atlanta, Savannah under new federal infrastructure plan|date = April 4, 2021}}</ref>

====Pedestrians and cycling====
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
*Heritage Trail
*Ocmulgee Heritage Trail
{{div col end}}

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of people from Macon, Georgia}}

==Sister cities==
Macon has six [[sister cities]], as designated by [[Sister Cities International]], Inc. (SCI):<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.macon.ga.us/sister-cities |title=Macon Sister Cities Commission &#124; cityofmacon.net |access-date=2017-06-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326072337/http://www.macon.ga.us/sister-cities |archive-date=March 26, 2012 }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Mâcon]], France
* {{flagicon|GHA}} [[Elmina]], Ghana
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Kurobe, Toyama|Kurobe]], [[Toyama Prefecture|Toyama]], Japan
* {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Ulyanovsk]], Russia
* {{flagicon|TAI}} [[Kaohsiung]], Taiwan
* {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Gwacheon]], South Korea
{{div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|State of Georgia|Cities|United States}}
* [[Central Georgia]]
* [[Downtown Macon, Georgia]]
* [[Macon, Georgia metropolitan area]]
* [[List of mayors of Macon, Georgia]]
* [[List of U.S. cities with large Black populations]]
* [[USS Macon|USS ''Macon'']], 3 ships (including 1 airship)

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
<!--arrange in chronological order-->
{{Refbegin}}
'''Published in 19th century'''
* {{cite book
|title= Southern Business Directory
|editor=John P. Campbell
|location=Charleston, SC
|publisher=Press of Walker & James
|year=1854
|chapter=Georgia: Bibb County
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IRDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA213
}}
* {{Citation
|publisher = S. Boykin
|author= Adiel Sherwood
|date = 1860
|edition=4th |location = Macon
|title = Gazetteer of Georgia
|chapter= Bibb County: Macon
|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/gazetteerofgeorg00sher#page/30/mode/2up
| ref = {{harvid|Sherwood|1860}}
|author-link= Adiel Sherwood
}}
* {{cite book|title=Historical Record of Macon and Central Georgia |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalrecord00butl|year=1879 |publisher=J. W. Burke & Company |author=John C. Butler }}
* {{citation
|title=Report on the Social Statistics of Cities: Southern and the Western States
|author1=George E. Waring, Jr.
|author2= U.S. Department of the Interior, [[Census Office]]
|location=Washington DC
|publisher=Government Printing Office
|year=1887
|chapter= Georgia: Macon
|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=xb9NAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA169
|pages= 169–172
| ref = {{harvid|Waring|1887}}
}}
* {{Citation
|publisher = Rand, McNally & Co.
|date = 1899
|location = Chicago
|title = Rand, McNally & Co.'s Handy Guide to the Southeastern States |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/randmcnallycosha07chic#page/122/mode/2up
|chapter= Macon
|via=Internet Archive
}}
'''Published in 20th century'''
* {{cite book |editor1= [[Allen D. Candler]] |editor2= [[Clement A. Evans]] |title= Georgia: Comprising Sketches of Counties, Towns, Events, Institutions, and Persons Arranged in Cyclopedic Form |publisher=State Historical Association |location=Atlanta |year= 1906
|chapter=Macon |volume=2 |pages=511+
|hdl= 2027/mdp.39015027784332?urlappend=%3Bseq=503 | ref = {{harvid|Candler|Evans|1906}}
}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Macon |volume= 17 | page = 267 }}
* {{Citation
|publisher = University of Georgia Press
|location = Athens
|author = Federal Writers' Project
|title = Georgia: a Guide to Its Towns and Countryside
|date = 1940
|series= [[American Guide Series]]
|chapter= Macon
|chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/georgiaaguidetoi008333mbp#page/n137/mode/2up
|page=102+
|author-link = Federal Writers' Project
}} {{free access}}
* Ida Young, Julius Gholson, and Clara Nell Hargrove. History of Macon, Georgia (Macon, Ga.: Lyon, Marshall & Brooks, 1950).
* John A. Eisterhold. "Commercial, Financial, and Industrial Macon, Georgia, During the 1840s", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Winter 1969, Vol. 53 Issue 4, pp 424–441
* James H. Stone. "Economic Conditions in Macon, Georgia in the 1830s", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Summer 1970, Vol. 54 Issue 2, pp 209–225
* Bowling C. Yates. "Macon, Georgia, Inland Trading Center 1826–1836", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Fall 1971, Vol. 55 Issue 3, pp 365–377
*  McInvale, Morton Ray "Macon, Georgia: The War Years, 1861–1865" (Ph.D. dissertation, Florida State University, 1973)
* Roger K. Hux. "The Ku Klux Klan in Macon 1919–1925", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Summer 1978, Vol. 62 Issue 2, pp 155–168
* Nancy Anderson, Macon: A Pictorial History (Virginia Beach, Va.: Donning, 1979).
* Donnie D. Bellamy. "Macon, Georgia, 1823–1860: A Study in Urban Slavery", ''Phylon'' 45 (December 1984): 300–304, 308–309
* Kristina Simms. Macon, Georgia's Central City: An Illustrated History (Chatsworth, Calif.: Windsor, 1989).
* Titus Brown. "Origins of African American Education in Macon, Georgia 1865–1866",  ''Journal of South Georgia History,'' Oct 1996, Vol. 11, pp 43–59
* Macon: An Architectural Historical Guide (Macon, Ga.: Middle Georgia Historical Society, 1996).
* Macon's Black Heritage: The Untold Story (Macon, Ga.: Tubman African American Museum, 1997).
* Matthew W. Norman. "James H. Burton and the Confederate States Armory at Macon", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Winter 1997, Vol. 81 Issue 4, pp 974–987
* Titus Brown. "A New England Missionary and African-American Education in Macon: Raymond G. Von Tobel at the Ballard Normal School, 1908–1935", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Summer 1998, Vol. 82 Issue 2, pp 283–304
* Robert S. Davis. ''Cotton, Fire, & Dreams: The Robert Findlay Iron Works and Heavy Industry in Macon, Georgia, 1839–1912'' (Macon, Ga., 1998)
* {{cite book|author=Richard W. Iobst|title=Civil War Macon: The History of a Confederate City|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y_uAV2-_PEAC|year= 2009 |orig-year=1999 |publisher=Mercer University Press|isbn=978-0-88146-172-5}}
* {{cite book |title=Macon, Georgia |author=Jeanne Herring |publisher=Arcadia |location=Charleston, South Carolina |series=Black America |year= 2000
}}

'''Published in 21st century'''
* {{cite book |author=Tracy Maurer|title= Macon Celebrates the Millennium |location=Montgomery, Ala. |publisher= Community Communications |isbn=1581920342 |year= 2001}}
* {{cite book|author= Andrew Michael Manis |title=Macon Black and White: An Unutterable Separation in the American Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7j-wXvGvNvcC|year=2004|publisher=Mercer University Press|isbn=978-0-86554-958-6|author-link=Andrew Manis}}
* {{cite book
|author=Paul T. Hellmann
|title=Historical Gazetteer of the United States
|year= 2006
|publisher=Taylor & Francis
|isbn=1-135-94859-3
|chapter= Georgia: Macon
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=REtEXQNWq6MC
| ref = {{harvid|Hellmann|2006}}
}}
* Robert Scott Davis. "A Cotton Kingdom Retooled for War: The Macon Arsenal and the Confederate Ordnance Establishment", ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly,'' Fall 2007, Vol. 91 Issue 3, pp 266–291
* Candace Dyer, Street Singers, Soul Shakers, Rebels with a Cause: Music from Macon (Macon, Ga.: Indigo Publishing Group, 2008).
* Mara L. Keire. ''For Business and Pleasure: Red-Light Districts and the Regulation of Vice in the United States, 1890–1933''  (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010); 248 pages; History and popular culture of districts in Macon, Ga., and other cities
* {{cite book |series=Images of America |title= Macon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hZAbAgAAQBAJ |location= Charleston, S.C. |publisher= Arcadia |isbn= 9781467111157|year= 2013}}
* Wynne, Ben, Something in the Water: A History of Music in Macon, Georgia, 1823-1980 (Mercer University Press, 2021)
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Macon, Georgia}}

* {{Official website|https://www.maconbibb.us/}}
* [https://www.maconga.org Macon-Bibb County Convention and Visitors Bureau]
* [http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-782&sug=y Macon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406174222/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-782&sug=y |date=April 6, 2013 }} (the New Georgia Encyclopedia)
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Macon (Georgia)}}
* {{citation |encyclopedia=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]] |publisher=Georgia Humanities Council |title= Macon |url= http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/counties-cities-neighborhoods/macon }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.bibblib.org/genealogy-archives/ |title=Genealogical & Historical Room |work=Middle Georgia Regional Library |location=Macon |access-date=August 25, 2017 |archive-date=August 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826030916/http://www.bibblib.org/genealogy-archives/ |url-status=dead }}
* [https://dp.la/search?utf8=✓&page_size=100&q=macon+georgia Items related to Macon], various dates (via [[Digital Public Library of America]])
* {{cite web |url=http://guides.mga.edu/macon |title= Subject Guides: Macon |publisher=Middle Georgia State University Libraries }}
* [http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/CollectionsA-Z/rees_search.html Rees stereograph collection from the Digital Library of Georgia]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    =Macon
 | North     =[[Atlanta]]
 | Northeast =
 | East      =[[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]]
 | Southeast =
 | South     = [[Valdosta, Georgia|Valdosta]]
 | Southwest =
 | West      = [[Columbus, Georgia|Columbus]]
 | Northwest =
}}
{{Macon, Georgia}}
{{Macon Metro}}
{{Bibb County, Georgia}}
{{Georgia (U.S. state)}}
{{Georgia county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Macon, Georgia| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Bibb County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:County seats in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States|Georgia]]
[[Category:Cities in Jones County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Macon metropolitan area, Georgia]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1823]]
[[Category:Consolidated city-counties]]