View source for Magong

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{expand Chinese|topic=geo|date=October 2012}}
{{stack begin}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Magong
| official_name      = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| native_name        = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-hant|馬公市}}}}
| other_name         = Makō, Makung
| settlement_type    = [[County-administered city]]
| image_skyline      = Magong City, Penghu County, Taiwan 2018.jpg
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = Magong City Seal.svg
| image_map          = Mâkûng - Mákeng - (Magong, Penghu County).svg
| map_caption        = Magong City in Penghu County
| nickname           = 
| seat               = 
| seat_type          = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|23|34|N|119|35|E|region:TW|display=it}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[Taiwan|Republic of China (Taiwan)]]
| subdivision_name1  = ''[[Taiwan Province]] (streamlined)''
| subdivision_type2  = County
| subdivision_name2  = [[Penghu]]
| leader_title       = Mayor ({{nobold|市長}})
| leader_name        = [[Huang Jian-jhong]]
| area_total_km2     = 33.9918
| area_footnotes     = 
| population_total   = 63745
| population_as_of   = March 2023
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| blank_name_sec1    = 
| blank_info_sec1    = 
| website            = [https://www.mkcity.gov.tw/en/ www.mkcity.gov.tw]
| pushpin_map        = Taiwan
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Republic of China
| blank_name_sec2    = 
| blank_info_sec2    = 
| blank1_name_sec2   = 
| blank1_info_sec2   = 
| blank2_name_sec2   = 
| blank2_info_sec2   = 
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| title = Magong City
| t = 馬公市 <!--|s=马公市-->
| p = Mǎgōng Shì
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|m|a|3|.|g|ong|1|-|shi|4}}
| tp = Mǎgong Shìh
| gr = Maagong Shyh
| mps = Mǎgūng Shr̀
| w = Ma³-kung¹ Shih⁴
| bpmf = ㄇㄚˇ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄍㄨㄥ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄕˋ
| poj = Má-keng-chhī
| tl = Má-king-tshī
| showflag = ppoj
| phfs = Mâ-kûng-sṳ
| l = Horse{{nbsp}}[[Chinese nobility|Lord]](or “Mazu Temple” for the original name)
| kanji = 馬公市
| romaji = Makō-shi
| altname = Port Magong
| t2 = 媽宮澳 <!--|s2=妈宫澳-->
| p2 = Māgōng'ào
| mi2 = {{IPAc-cmn|m|a|1|.|g|ong|1|.|ao|4}}
| tp2 = Magong'ào
| gr2 = Mhagong'aw
| mps2 = Māgūngàu
| w2 = Ma¹-kung¹-ao⁴
| bpmf2 = ㄇㄚ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄍㄨㄥ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄠˋ
| l2 = {{nowrap|Port of the [[Mazu Temple (Magong)|Mother's Palace]]}}
| poj2 = Má-keng-ò
| tl2 = Má-king-ò
| c = 
| s = 
| j = 
| ci = 
}}
[[File:澎湖廳舍 peiiunwu.jpg|thumb|[[Penghu County Government|Penghu County Hall]]]]
{{stack end}}
{{anchor|Etymology|Names}}
'''Magong''' ([[Pe̍h-ōe-jī|POJ]]: ''Má-keng'') is a [[county-administered city]] and [[county seat|seat]] of [[Penghu]] County, [[Taiwan]]. Magong City is located on Penghu's main island.

== Name ==
The settlement's [[Mazu temples|temple]] honoring the [[Chinese folk religion|Chinese]] Goddess [[Mazu]], the [[Shen (Chinese religion)|deified form]] of Lin Moniang from medieval Fujian Province, is usually accounted the oldest in all of Taiwan and Penghu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mkcity.gov.tw/english/pages.aspx?v=CEBDD9807D700B40 |title=History |publisher=Magong City Office |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408223649/http://www.mkcity.gov.tw/english/pages.aspx?v=CEBDD9807D700B40 |archive-date=8 April 2014 }}</ref> The town was originally named '''Makeng''' ({{zh|t=媽宮|poj=Má-keng|l=[[Mazu]]'s palace}}) but was changed to {{nihongo||馬公|'''Makō'''}} during [[Taiwan under Japanese rule|Japanese rule]] in 1920,{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} and was the center of the [[Mako Guard District]].

After 1945, the [[Wade-Giles]] romanization '''Makung''' was used. Taiwan officially adopted [[Tongyong Pinyin]] in 2002 and [[Hanyu Pinyin]] in 2009, leading to the [[romanization of Chinese|romanization]] '''Magong'''.

==History==

The island's [[Mazu Temple (Magong)|Mazu temple]] was erected in the late 16th or early 17th century. The city Magong'ao began to grow around 1887, during the [[Taiwan under Qing rule|rule of the Qing dynasty]].

[[Taiwan under Japanese rule|Under Japanese rule]], the settlement was renamed Makō and organized as a [[subprefecture]] of [[Hōko Prefecture|Hōko]]. The area was a major base of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. It was an embarkation point for the [[Philippines campaign (1941–1942)|invasion of the Philippines]] during the [[Second World War]].

===Republic of China===
On 25 December 1981, Makung was upgraded from an [[Township (Taiwan)|urban township]] to a [[county-administered city]].

== Administration ==
{|
|
[[File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-6550512-mako-2017-iv.jpg|thumb|center|Map of Magong (labeled as MAKŌ (Makyu)) and surrounding area (1944)]]
|
[[File:Txu-oclc-6557994-index-451.jpg|center|thumb|Map including Magong (labeled as Makung (Bakō)) (1950)]]
|}

Magong City contains 33 municipal villages ({{zh|labels=no |c=里 |p=lǐ}}):<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mkcity.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?intpage=&id=98&qclass=&qptdate=&qdldate=&pagenum=1&pagesize=100|script-title=zh:里鄰介紹|language=zh-tw|access-date=12 November 2019|website={{lang|zh-tw|澎湖縣馬公市公所}} Magong City Office, Penghu County}}</ref>
: ''(Romanizations are in [[Hanyu Pinyin]])''
* Fuxing ({{lang|zh-hant|復興里}})

* Chang'an ({{lang|zh-hant|長安里}}) 
* Zhongyang ({{lang|zh|中央里}}) 
* Qiming ({{lang|zh-hant|啟明里}}) 
* Chongqing ({{lang|zh-hant|重慶里}}) 
* Zhongxing ({{lang|zh-hant|中興里}}) 
* Guangfu ({{lang|zh-hant|光復里}}) 
* Guangming ({{lang|zh|光明里}}) 
* Guangrong ({{lang|zh-hant|光榮里}}) 
* Chaoyang ({{lang|zh-hant|朝陽里}}) 
* Yangming ({{lang|zh-hant|陽明里}}) 
* Chongguang ({{lang|zh|重光里}}) 
* Xiwei ({{lang|zh-hant|西衛里}}) 
* Xiwen ({{lang|zh|西文里}}) 
* Dongwen ({{lang|zh-hant|東文里}}) 
* Anshan ({{lang|zh|案山里}}) 
* Guanghua ({{lang|zh-hant|光華里}}) 
* Qianliao ({{lang|zh-hant|前寮里}}) 
* Shiquan ({{lang|zh|石泉里}}) 
* Caiyuan ({{lang|zh-hant|菜園里}}) 
* Dongwei ({{lang|zh-hant|東衛里}}) 
* Anzhe ({{lang|zh|安宅里}}) 
* Xingren ({{lang|zh-hant|興仁里}}) 
* Wukan ({{lang|zh-hant|烏崁里}}) 
* Tiexian ({{lang|zh-hant|鐵線里}}) 
* Suogang ({{lang|zh-hant|鎖港里}}) 
* Shanshui ({{lang|zh|山水里}}) 
* Wude ({{lang|zh|五德里}}) 
* Jing'an ({{lang|zh|井垵里}}) 
* Shili ({{lang|zh-hant|時里奇}}) 
* Fenggui ({{lang|zh-hant|風櫃里}}) 
* Hujing ({{lang|zh|虎井里}}) centred on [[Hujing Islet]] ({{lang|zh|虎井嶼}}; Hóo-tsínn-sū) 
* Tongpan ({{lang|zh-hant|桶盤里}}) centred on [[Tongpan Island]] ({{lang|zh|桶盤嶼}}; Tháng-puânn-sū)

==Government institutions==
* [[Penghu County Council]]

==Education==
* [[National Penghu University of Science and Technology]]

==Energy==
[[File:虎井電廠.jpg|thumb|Hujing Power Plant]]
The city is powered by the Hujing Power Plant located on Table Island.

== Climate ==
Magong has a very warm [[humid subtropical climate]] under the [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen system]]. Due to the maritime influence, [[diurnal temperature variation]] is very low, but in spite of being right on the boundary with the [[tropical climate|tropics]] and having {{convert|15|C|F}} winter lows it falls short of being such a climate. This is courtesy of the influence of the cool Asian landmass and prevailing winds in winter. As a result, the coldest month just falls short of the {{convert|18|C|F}} isotherm. In summer, Magong receives monsoonal rainfall with moderated but hot temperatures. While afternoons most often stay in the low 30's Celsius, nights remain above {{convert|25|C|F}} for several months. It is drier than many mainland areas of Taiwan, although it still frequently is cloudy.

{{Weather box
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Magong City (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1897–present）
|Jan high C = 19.4
|Feb high C = 20.0
|Mar high C = 22.9
|Apr high C = 26.3
|May high C = 29.1
|Jun high C = 30.9
|Jul high C = 32.2
|Aug high C = 31.8
|Sep high C = 31.0
|Oct high C = 28.2
|Nov high C = 25.1
|Dec high C = 21.3
|Jan mean C = 17.1
|Feb mean C = 17.4
|Mar mean C = 19.9
|Apr mean C = 23.2
|May mean C = 25.9
|Jun mean C = 27.9
|Jul mean C = 28.9
|Aug mean C = 28.6
|Sep mean C = 28.0
|Oct mean C = 25.5
|Nov mean C = 22.7
|Dec mean C = 19.1
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 15.5
|Feb low C = 15.6
|Mar low C = 17.8
|Apr low C = 21.1
|May low C = 24.0
|Jun low C = 25.9
|Jul low C = 26.7
|Aug low C = 26.6
|Sep low C = 26.1
|Oct low C = 24.0
|Nov low C = 21.3
|Dec low C = 17.7
|Jan record high C = 28.6
|Feb record high C = 29.5
|Mar record high C = 30.8
|Apr record high C = 33.0
|May record high C = 34.2
|Jun record high C = 35.9
|Jul record high C = 36.7
|Aug record high C = 35.2
|Sep record high C = 35.1
|Oct record high C = 35.3
|Nov record high C = 31.1
|Dec record high C = 30.0
|year record high C = 36.7
|Jan record low C = 7.7
|Feb record low C = 7.2
|Mar record low C = 7.4
|Apr record low C = 10.5
|May record low C = 16.6
|Jun record low C = 19.3
|Jul record low C = 21.8
|Aug record low C = 21.1
|Sep record low C = 19.2
|Oct record low C = 15.0
|Nov record low C = 9.6
|Dec record low C = 9.0
|year record low C = 7.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 20.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 38.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 50.7
|Apr precipitation mm = 77.9
|May precipitation mm = 117.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 148.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 163.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 229.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 100.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 30.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 26.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 28.1
|Jan humidity = 78.7
|Feb humidity = 80.7
|Mar humidity = 80.0
|Apr humidity = 80.9
|May humidity = 82.8
|Jun humidity = 85.2
|Jul humidity = 83.6
|Aug humidity = 84.4
|Sep humidity = 79.6
|Oct humidity = 75.2
|Nov humidity = 76.8
|Dec humidity = 76.8
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 5.2
| Feb precipitation days = 6.2
| Mar precipitation days = 7.6
| Apr precipitation days = 8.7
| May precipitation days = 9.3
| Jun precipitation days = 10.2
| Jul precipitation days = 8.1
| Aug precipitation days = 9.4
| Sep precipitation days = 5.6
| Oct precipitation days = 2.4
| Nov precipitation days = 3.6
| Dec precipitation days = 4.8
|Jan sun = 102.9
|Feb sun = 98.7
|Mar sun = 131.1
|Apr sun = 153.1
|May sun = 183.6
|Jun sun = 211.2
|Jul sun = 265.3
|Aug sun = 231.4
|Sep sun = 214.9
|Oct sun = 186.4
|Nov sun = 129.2
|Dec sun = 111.4
|source 1 = Central Weather Bureau<ref name= CWB>{{cite web |url=https://www.cwb.gov.tw/V8/C/C/Statistics/monthlymean.html |title=Monthly Mean |publisher=[[Central Weather Bureau]] |access-date=29 November 2022 |archive-date=9 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209115926/https://www.cwb.gov.tw/V8/C/C/Statistics/monthlymean.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=CWBrecordhighs1>{{cite web |url=https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_18.pdf |title=氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計 |publisher=Central Weather Bureau |language=zh |access-date=29 November 2022 |archive-date=17 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017235559/https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_18.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=CWBrecordhighs2>{{cite web |url=https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_19.pdf |title=氣象站各月份最高氣溫統計(續) |publisher=Central Weather Bureau |language=zh |access-date=29 November 2022 |archive-date=17 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017235603/https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_19.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=CWBrecordlows1>{{cite web |url=https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_20.pdf |title=氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計 |publisher=Central Weather Bureau |language=zh |access-date=29 November 2022 |archive-date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219233031/https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_20.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=CWBrecordlow2>{{cite web |url=https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_21.pdf |title=氣象站各月份最低氣溫統計(續) |publisher=Central Weather Bureau |language=zh |access-date=29 November 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219055306/https://www.cwb.gov.tw/Data/climate/Statistics/pdf/sort_21.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

== Tourist attractions ==
[[File:中央老街2.JPG|thumb|right|Central Street in the old town of Magong]]
[[File:Penghu Tianhougong 20060807.jpg|thumb|right|Mazu Temple]]
* [[Central Street (Taiwan)|Central Street]]
* [[Chang Yu-sheng Memorial Museum]]
* [[Erdai Art Hall]]
* [[Fenggui Cave]]
* [[Fengguiwei Fort]]
* [[First Guesthouse]]
* [[Four-eyed Well]]
* [[Jinguitou Fortress]]
* [[Magong Beiji Temple]]
* [[Magong Old City Wall]]
* [[Mazu Temple (Magong)|Mazu Temple]]
* [[Ocean Resources Museum]]
* [[Penghu Living Museum]]
* [[Penghu Reclamation Hall]]
* [[Pier 3]]
* [[Shigong Temple]]
* [[Suogang Fishing Port]]

== Transportation ==
[[Penghu Airport]] operates domestic flights and [[Magong Harbor]] hosts ferry connections to [[Kaohsiung]], [[Tainan]], [[Chiayi]] and [[Kinmen]].

==Notable natives==
* [[Chang Yu-sheng]], former singer, composer and producer
* [[Pan An-bang]], former singer, TV presenter and actor
* [[Tsai Chih-chan]], poet and educator

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Magong City, Penghu County}}
* {{osmrelation-inline|3339737}}

{{Cities in Taiwan}}
{{Taiwan Outlying islands divisions}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:County-administered cities of Taiwan]]
[[Category:Populated places in Penghu County]]