View source for Marc Garneau

{{Short description|Canadian astronaut and politician (1949–2025)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[The Honourable]]
| name                = Marc Garneau
| honorific-suffix    = {{post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|CC|CD|size=100%}}
| image               = Marc Garneau - 2018 (42748534304) (cropped).jpg
| caption             = Garneau in 2018 as [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|transport minister]]
| office              = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
| primeminister       = [[Justin Trudeau]]
| term_start          = January 12, 2021
| term_end            = October 26, 2021
| predecessor         = {{nobr|[[François-Philippe Champagne]]}}
| successor           = [[Mélanie Joly]]
| office1             = [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]]
| primeminister1      = [[Justin Trudeau]]
| term_start1         = November 4, 2015
| term_end1           = January 12, 2021
| predecessor1        = [[Lisa Raitt]]
| successor1          = [[Omar Alghabra]]
| parliament2         = Canadian
| riding2             = [[Westmount–Ville-Marie]] (2008–15) ''/''<br />[[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]] (2015{{nbnd}}23)
| term_start2         = October 14, 2008
| term_end2           = March 8, 2023
| predecessor2        = [[Lucienne Robillard]]
| successor2          = [[Anna Gainey]]
| office3             = [[President of the Canadian Space Agency]]
| appointer3          = [[Jean Chretien]]
| term_start3         = November 22, 2001
| term_end3           = November 28, 2005
| predecessor3        = William MacDonald Evans
| successor3          = [[Laurier J. Boisvert]]
| birth_name          = Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc&nbsp;Garneau
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1949|2|23}}
| birth_place         = [[Quebec City, Quebec]], Canada
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2025|6|4|1949|02|23}}
| death_place         = [[Montreal, Quebec]], Canada
| party               = [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]]
| spouse              = {{ubl|{{marriage|Pamela Soame|1992|2025}}|{{marriage|Jacqueline Brown|1973|1987|end=died}}}}
| education           = {{ubl |[[Royal Military College of&nbsp;Canada]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]]) |[[Canadian Forces College]] |[[Imperial College London]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])}}
| allegiance          = {{flag|Canada}}
| branch              = {{navy|Canada|name=Maritime Command}}
| branch_label        = Branch
| rank                = [[Captain (naval)#Canadian)|Naval captain]]
| serviceyears        = 1974–1989
| serviceyears_label  = Service&nbsp;years
|module           = {{Infobox astronaut
|child            = yes
|type             = [[National Research Council (Canada)|NRC]]/[[CSA astronaut]]
|time             = 29 days, 2 hours, 1 minute
|selection        = [[List of astronauts by year of selection#1983|1983 NRC Group]]<br />[[NASA Astronaut Group 14|NASA Group 14 (1992)]]
|mission          = {{hlist |[[STS-41-G]] |[[STS-77]] |[[STS-97]]}}
|insignia         = [[File:STS-41-G patch.png|45px]]{{0}}[[File:STS-77 patch.svg|45px]]{{0}}[[File:Sts-97-patch.svg|45px]]}}
}}

'''Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau''' ({{IPA|fr|maʁk ɡaʁno}}; February 23, 1949 – June 4, 2025) was a [[Canadian Armed Forces]] officer, astronaut and politician. Garneau served as a naval officer before being selected as an astronaut as part of the [[List of astronauts by year of selection#1983|1983 NRC Group]]. He became the first Canadian in space on October 5, 1984, and flew on three [[Space Shuttle]] missions. From 2001 to 2005, Garneau was president of the [[Canadian Space Agency]] (CSA). Garneau entered politics and was elected to the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] in 2008, serving as a Montreal-area [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|member of Parliament]] (MP) until 2023. A member of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]], Garneau served as [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] from January to October in 2021 and as [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]] from 2015 to 2021.

Born in [[Quebec City]], Garneau joined the Canadian Armed Forces, graduating with a bachelor's degree in engineering physics from the [[Royal Military College of Canada]] in 1970, and serving with Maritime Command (now known as the Royal Canadian Navy) as a combat systems engineer. He earned a PhD in electrical engineering from the [[Imperial College of Science and Technology]] in 1973. In 1983, Garneau was selected to be an astronaut. In 1984, he became the first Canadian in space as part of [[STS-41-G]] and served on two subsequent missions: [[STS-77]] and [[STS-97]]. He was appointed executive vice-president of the CSA in February 2001, before becoming the agency's president in November. Garneau resigned from the CSA in 2005, and was elected to [[Parliament of Canada|Parliament]] in 2008. The Liberal Party formed government following the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 election]] and Garneau was appointed to Cabinet. After serving as transport minister and foreign affairs minister, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau did not appoint Garneau to another portfolio after a Cabinet shuffle following the [[2021 Canadian federal election|2021 election]]. In 2023, Garneau retired from politics.

==Early life==
Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau was born into a military family on February 23, 1949, in [[Quebec City]], [[Quebec]], [[Canada]].<ref name="CBC Obit 1" /> His grandfather, Gérard Garneau, was a colonel who served in the Canadian military during [[World War I]].<ref name ="NYT Obit">
{{Cite news
| last1             = Isai
| first1             = Vjosa
| title               = Marc Garneau, 76, Foreign Minister and First Canadian to Fly in Space
| work             = [[The New York Times]]
| issn              = 0362-4331
| page             = A25
| date              = June 8, 2025
| url                 = https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/05/world/canada/mark-garneau-canadian-astronaut-dead.html
| access-date  = June 8, 2025
| archive-url     = https://web.archive.org/web/20250608153856/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/05/world/canada/mark-garneau-canadian-astronaut-dead.html
| archive-date = June 8, 2025
| url-status   = live
}}</ref> His father, André Garneau, was a [[French Canadian]] from Quebec City who joined the military during [[World War II]].<ref name ="1984 Star Bio">
{{Cite news
 | last1             = Tesher
 | first1             = Ellie
 | title               = To Canada's first man in space, 'it's just a job,' dad says
 | work             = [[Toronto Star]]
 | publisher      = [[Torstar]]
 | issn               = 0319-0781
 | page             = A1 
 | date              = October 3, 1984
 | url                 = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-to-canadas-first-man-i/158372813/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
 | via                 = [[Newspapers.com]]
}}</ref>{{sfn|Garneau|2024a|pp=3-4}} His mother, Jean Richardson, was [[English Canadian]] from [[Sussex, New Brunswick]], and was a nurse during World War II.{{sfn|Garneau|2024a|pp=3-4}} She met André while nursing him at a military hospital before he deployed overseas.<ref name ="NYT Obit"/>  After the war, André continued his service in the Canadian military, rising through the ranks to become a [[Brigadier general#Canada|brigadier general]].<ref name ="NYT Obit"/>  The Garneau family had four sons, beginning with Braun, followed by Marc, Charles, and Philippe Garneau.{{sfn|Garneau|2024a|pp=4, 7}}<ref name ="Encyclopedia Canada">
{{Cite encyclopedia
| last1                = Côt
| first1               = Françoise
| last2               = Bonikowsky
| first2               = Laura Neilson
| title                 = Marc Garneau
| encyclopedia  = [[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] 
| publisher        = [[Historica Canada]]
| location          = Toronto
| date               = March 15, 2023
| url                  = https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/marc-garneau
| access-date  = November 5, 2024
}}</ref>

==Education and military career==
Garneau's frequent relocations due to his father's occupation during his upbringing necessitated his attendance at various schools, spanning both primary and secondary education, in Quebec City, [[Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu]] and [[London]], [[England]].<ref name ="NASA Bio">
{{Cite web
 | author        = NASA staff
 | title         = Marc Garneau (Ph.D.), Astronaut, Canadian Space Agency (Former)
 | website       = The Shuttle
 | publisher     = [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]
 | location      = Washington, D.C.
 | date          = June 2004
 | url           = http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/the_shuttle/113.html
 | access-date   = June 5, 2025
 | archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20110416081212/http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/the_shuttle/113.html
 | archive-date  = April 16, 2011
 | url-status    = dead 
}}</ref> He graduated from the [[Royal Military College of Canada]] in 1970 with a [[Bachelor of Science|bachelor of science]] in [[engineering physics]] and began his career in the [[Canadian Armed Forces|Canadian Forces]] [[Royal Canadian Navy|Maritime Command]].<ref name="bio">
{{cite web
 | title        = Marc Garneau Biography
 | publisher    = [[Liberal Party of Canada]]
 | url          = http://marcgarneau.liberal.ca/en/biography/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20221203080407/https://marcgarneau.libparl.ca/about/?lang=en
 | archive-date = December 3, 2022
 | url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

In 1973, he received a [[PhD]] in electrical engineering from the [[Imperial College of Science and Technology]] in [[London]], England. His thesis was titled "The Perception of Facial Images". The [[Photofit]] [[analogue computer]] was used by him to discriminate facial features.<ref name="garneau73">{{cite book|last1=Garneau|first1=Marc Jean-Pierre|url=https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstream/10044/1/20424/2/Garneau-MJ-1973-PhD-Thesis.pdf|title=The Perception of Facial Images|date=1973|publisher=Imperial College of Science and Technology|location=London}}</ref> In 1974, Garneau served as a naval combat systems engineer aboard {{HMCS|Algonquin|DDG 283|6}}.<ref name="bio" />

From 1982 to 1983, he attended the [[Canadian Forces College|Canadian Forces Command and Staff College]] in Toronto. While there, he was promoted to the rank of [[Commander (Canada)|commander]] and was transferred to Ottawa in 1983. In January 1986, he was promoted to [[Captain (Canadian naval rank)|captain]]. Garneau retired from the Canadian Forces in 1989.<ref name="bio" />

==Space career==
On December 5, 1983, the [[National Research Council of Canada]] (NRC) announced Canada's first group of astronauts that were to fly on NASA's [[Space Transportation System]].<ref name ="NRC Announces Astros">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Laughlin
 | first1       = Ann
 | title        = Montreal doctor is one of six Canadians on space short list
 | work         = [[The Gazette (Montreal)|The Gazette]]
 | publisher    = [[Southam Inc.]]
 | location     = [[Montreal]]
 | issn         = 0384-1294
 | page         = A1
 | date         = December 6, 1983
| url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-montreal-doctor-is-one-of-si/173852627/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
| via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> Garneau joined this first [[Canadian Astronaut Corps|Canadian Astronaut Program]] (CAP) group, as one of six chosen from over 4,300 applicants.<ref name ="1st Astros Announced">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = O'Donnell
 | first1       = Joe
 | title        = Canada's new astronauts are on Cloud 9 after selection for American shuttle duty
 | work         = Toronto Star
 | publisher    = Torstar
 | issn         = 0319-0781
 | page         = A4
 | date         = December 6, 1983
| url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-canadas-new-astronauts/173850781/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
| via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> Of these six original astronauts, he was the only military officer.<ref name ="1st Astros Announced"/> Garneau became the first Canadian to reach [[space]] on October 5, 1984, when [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']] flew into [[low-Earth orbit]].<ref name="NASA">{{cite web|title=Marc Garneau (PH.D.) Astronaut, Canadian Space Agency (Former)|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/garneau.html|publisher=NASA|access-date=December 12, 2011}}</ref>

Garneau's first spaceflight was aboard the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'', on the [[STS-41-G]] mission, from October 5 to 13, 1984.<ref name ="End 41-G Mission">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Tesher
 | first1       = Ellie
 | title        = Space 'Voyage of a lifetime' ends for Canada's Garneau
 | work         = Toronto Star
 | publisher    = Torstar
 | issn         = 0319-0781
 | page         = A1, [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-garneaus-incredible-o/158378691/ A4]
 | date         = October 15, 1984
| url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-space-voyage-of-a-life/158378623/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
| via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> He was a [[payload specialist]].<ref name ="Marc's 41-G Mission">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Tesher
 | first1       = Ellie
 | title        = Marc leaves his space mark
 | work         = Toronto Star
 | publisher    = Torstar
 | issn         = 0319-0781
 | page         = B4
 | date         = October 13, 1984
| url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-marc-leaves-his-space-m/158366658/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
| via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> He was promoted to the rank of Navy Captain in 1986, and left the Canadian Forces in 1989, to become deputy director of the CAP.<ref name="bio" /> In 1992–93, he underwent further training to become a [[mission specialist]].<ref name="Garneau’s Second Trip to Space">
{{Cite news 
 | author      = CP Staff
 | title       = It's trip No.2 for Marc
 | work        = Toronto Star
 | location    = Toronto
 | publisher   = Torstar 
 | issn        = 0319-0781

 | agency      = The Canadian Press
 | page        = A3
 | date        = May 20, 1996
| url         = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-its-trip-no2-for-marc/158352934/
 | access-date = June 5, 2025 | via         = Newspapers.com 
}}</ref> He worked as [[Capsule communicator|CAPCOM]] for a number of shuttle flights and was on two further flights himself: [[STS-77]] (May 19 to 29, 1996) and [[STS-97]] (to the [[International Space Station|ISS]], November 30 to December 11, 2000).<ref name="Garneau’s Second Trip to Space"/><ref name="Garneau on STS-97">{{cite news |last1=Wattie |first1=Chris |title=Canadian treats mission as his last |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/national-post-canadian-treats-mission-as/158352091/ |access-date=November 3, 2024 |work=[[National Post]] |publisher=[[Hollinger Inc.]] |date=December 1, 2000 |location=Toronto |page=A8 | issn = 1486-8008 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> He logged 677 hours in space.<ref>{{cite web|title=Biographical Data: Mark Garneau|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/garneau.html|publisher=NASA|access-date=November 9, 2012}}</ref>

On February 1, 2001, Garneau was appointed executive vice-president of the [[Canadian Space Agency]] (CSA).<ref name="VP-CSA">{{cite news |last1=Spears |first1=Tom |date=February 2, 2001 |title=Astronaut Garneau lands down-to-earth job |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-citizen-astronaut-garneau-lan/158353885/ |access-date=November 3, 2024 |work=[[The Ottawa Citizen]] |publisher=Southam News |location=[[Ottawa]] |page=A3 |via=Newspapers.com |issn=0839-3222}}</ref> On September 28, 2001, the government announced his appointment as president of the CSA, replacing [[Meanings of minor-planet names: 10001–11000#080|Mac Evans]] in that position on November 22, 2001.<ref name="New Head of CSA">{{cite news |author1=CP Staff |date=September 29, 2001 |title=Garneau to head agency |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-garneau-to-head-agency/158358313/ |access-date=November 3, 2024 |work=Toronto Star |publisher=Torstar |location=Toronto |page=A23 |via=Newspapers.com |issn=0319-0781 |agency=The Canadian Press}}</ref> Garneau resigned from the Canadian Space Agency on November 28, 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 22, 2006 |title=Marc Garneau |url=https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/multimedia/search/image/264 |website=Canadian Space Agency}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights=160 style="text-align:left">
File:STS-41-G crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-41-G]] in 1984
File:Marc Garneau - Astronaut Portrait.jpg|Garneau in 1992, while training with [[NASA]] as a mission specialist
File:STS-77 crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-77]] in 1996
File:STS-97 crew.jpg|Crew members of [[STS-97]] in 1999
File:STS-97 Marc Garneau in the hatchway to PMA-3 (cropped).jpg|Garneau floats in the hatchway that leads to ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]''
</gallery>

==Political career==
Garneau served as the [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) in the [[Canadian House of Commons]] for over 14 years. He represented two electoral districts during this time, first [[Westmount—Ville-Marie]], and after the [[2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution]], [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]].<ref name="HoC Bio">
{{Cite web 
 | title        = The Hon. Marc Garneau, P.C., C.C., C.D., M.P.
 | website      = Parliament of Canada
 | publisher    = King's Printer For Canada
 | location     = Ottawa
 | date         = June 5, 2025
 | url          = https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=17305
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20241127114612/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=17305
 | archive-date = November 27, 2024
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref>  His first attempt to win elected office was unsuccessful, as he placed second in the [[Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges]] electoral district during the [[2006 Canadian federal election|2006 federal election]].<ref name ="Garneau's Political Hopes Deorbit">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Montgomery
 | first1       = Sue
 | title        = Garneau's Political Hopes Take Plunge to Earth
 | work         = The Gazette
 | publisher    = [[Canwest]]
 | location     = Montreal
 | issn         = 0384-1294
 | page         = A1
 | date         = January 24, 2006
 | url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gazette-garneaus-political-hopes-ta/173853115/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
| via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref> He first won elected office as a result of the [[2008 Canadian federal election|2008 federal election]], winning his seat by over 9,000 votes.<ref name="spaceman wins seat">{{cite news|last=C.|first=Martin|date=October 15, 2008|title=Spaceman lands safely in Westmount-Ville Marie|newspaper=The West Island Chronicle | location = Montreal | publisher = [[Transcontinental (company)|Transcontinental Inc.]]|url=http://www.westislandchronicle.com/Politics/2008-10-15/article-635576/Spaceman-lands-safely-in-WestmountVille-Marie/1|url-status=dead|access-date=November 4, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622053429/http://www.westislandchronicle.com/Politics/2008-10-15/article-635576/Spaceman-lands-safely-in-WestmountVille-Marie/1|archive-date=June 22, 2013}}</ref> He was re-elected to the House of Commons in the [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 federal election]] by 642 votes.<ref name="wins">{{cite news|last=Faure|first=Elisabeth|date=May 3, 2011|title=Garneau wins by 658 votes|newspaper=The Westmoun. Examiner|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/News/Local/2011-05-03/article-2474898/Garneau-wins-by-658-votes/1|url-status=dead|access-date=December 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505042506/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/News/Local/2011-05-03/article-2474898/Garneau-wins-by-658-votes/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Official Voting Results / Résultats officiels du scrutin FORTY-FIRST GENERAL ELECTION 2011 / QUARANTE ET UNIÈME ÉLECTION GÉNÉRALE 2011|url=http://www.elections.ca/scripts/ovr2011/default.html|access-date=December 12, 2011|publisher=Elections Canada}}</ref> His electoral district was abolished and he stood for office in the newly created Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount district for the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 federal election]]. He won the election with a majority of over 18,000.<ref name = "2015 ED Results">
{{Cite web
 | title         = Official results for Quebec Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
 | website       = [[Elections Canada]]
 | publisher     = King's Printer for Canada
 | url           = https://elections.ca/res/rep/off/ovr2015app/41/9956e.html
 | access-date   = June 5, 2025
 | archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20250429012117/https://elections.ca/res/rep/off/ovr2015app/41/9956e.html
 | archive-date  = April 29, 2025
 | url-status    = live
}}</ref>

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his candidacy for the leadership of the Liberal Party to be decided in April 2013. On March 13, 2013, Garneau formally withdrew his bid for the party leadership.<ref name="Garneau">{{cite news|last=Beardsley|first=Keith|date=March 13, 2013|title=Garneau Stayed in the Race too Long|newspaper=huffingtonpost.ca|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/keith-beardsley/garneau-quits_b_2868194.html|access-date=April 1, 2013}}</ref> On November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]] in the [[29th Canadian Ministry]] of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. He became Minister of Foreign Affairs on January 12, 2021, after a cabinet reshuffle.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 11, 2021|title=PM to shuffle cabinet with Navdeep Bains retiring from politics|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/pm-to-shuffle-cabinet-with-navdeep-bains-retiring-from-politics/|website=CTVNews}}</ref>

=== Initial steps (2006–2008) ===
Garneau resigned as the president of the Canadian Space Agency to run for the Liberal Party of Canada in the [[2006 Canadian federal election|2006 federal election]] in the riding of [[Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges]], which was then held by [[Meili Faille]] of the [[Bloc Québécois]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Canadian to live on space station|url=http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=d9b95058-afc9-4b08-935c-693087c5584a|access-date=October 20, 2012|newspaper=The Calgary Herald|date=February 12, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923224042/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=d9b95058-afc9-4b08-935c-693087c5584a|archive-date=September 23, 2015}}</ref> The Liberal Party's support dropped off considerably in Quebec after the [[Sponsorship scandal]] and though considered a [[star candidate]], Garneau lost to Faille by over 9,000 votes.<ref>{{cite news|title=Voters deliver high-profile wins, defeats|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/voters-deliver-high-profile-wins-defeats-1.619524|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=January 24, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Conservatives make breakthrough in Quebec; Bloc wins 51 seats|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/conservatives-make-breakthrough-in-quebec-bloc-wins-51-seats-1.586146|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=January 24, 2006}}</ref>

In the [[2006 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election|2006 Liberal Party leadership election]] Garneau announced his support for perceived front-runner [[Michael Ignatieff]], who lost to [[Stéphane Dion]] on the final ballot.<ref>{{cite news|title=Backroom pressure mounts|url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=d48aa656-315a-4cc2-9310-61cf4b3d22ec|access-date=October 20, 2012|newspaper=Canwest News Service|date=December 2, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143411/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/story.html?id=d48aa656-315a-4cc2-9310-61cf4b3d22ec|archive-date=September 24, 2015}}</ref> With the resignation of Liberal MP [[Jean Lapierre]] in 2007, Garneau expressed interest in being the party's candidate in Lapierre's former riding of [[Outremont (electoral district)|Outremont]].<ref name="confirmed">{{cite news|title=Garneau confirmed on local ballot|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/Politics/2007-10-19/article-673308/Garneau-confirmed-on-local-ballot/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Westmount Examiner|date=October 19, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505042146/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/Politics/2007-10-19/article-673308/Garneau-confirmed-on-local-ballot/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dion instead appointed [[Jocelyn Coulon]] as the party's candidate, who went on to be defeated by the [[New Democratic Party (Canada)|New Democratic Party's]] [[Thomas Mulcair]] in the by-election.<ref>{{cite news|title=NDP takes Outremont|url=http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=90fd99ba-7462-4b2a-8433-424388603d69|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=September 18, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119172044/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/story.html?id=90fd99ba-7462-4b2a-8433-424388603d69|archive-date=January 19, 2013}}</ref>

In May 2007, Garneau filed nomination papers to be the party's candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie, after former Liberal Party deputy leader [[Lucienne Robillard]] announced she would not be seeking re-election. However, a week after filing his nomination papers Dion announced that he had hand-picked a candidate for the riding. Garneau later withdrew his nomination papers and announced he no longer had an interest in politics. In October 2007, Garneau and Dion held a joint news conference where they announced that Garneau would be the Liberal Party candidate in Westmount—Ville-Marie.<ref name="confirmed"/> Robillard announced her resignation as Member of Parliament in January and a by-election was later scheduled for September 8, 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Larsen|first=Wayne|title=Garneau looks forward to by-election|url=http://www.westmountexaminer.com/LocalNews/2008-06-11/article-1538211/Garneau-looks-forward-to-byelection/1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209093113/http://www.westmountexaminer.com/LocalNews/2008-06-11/article-1538211/Garneau-looks-forward-to-byelection/1|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 9, 2013|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Montréal Express|date=June 11, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Harper calls three federal by elections for early September|url=http://www.paherald.sk.ca/Politics/2008-07-25/article-177179/Harper-calls-three-federal-byelections-for-early-September/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Press|date=July 25, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505041359/http://www.paherald.sk.ca/Politics/2008-07-25/article-177179/Harper-calls-three-federal-byelections-for-early-September/1|archive-date=May 5, 2014}}</ref> However, the by-election was cancelled during the campaign when Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] called a [[2008 Canadian federal election|general election for October 14, 2008]]. Though some pundits predicted a close race between Garneau and NDP candidate [[Anne Lagacé Dowson|Anne Lagacé-Dowson]], Garneau went on to win the riding by over 9,000 votes.<ref name="spaceman wins seat"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Tight Liberal/NDP race predicted for Westmount-Ville Marie by-election|url=http://www.westislandchronicle.com/News/Politics/2008-08-13/article-636167/Tight-Liberal-NDP-race-predicted-for-Westmount-Ville-Marie-by-election/1|access-date=October 21, 2012|newspaper=The West Island Chronicle|date=August 13, 2008}}</ref>

===Member of 40th Parliament===
Garneau was a member of the Industry, Science and Technology committee of the 40th Parliament. He also served on the Canada-Japan interparliamentary group.<ref name=oc>{{cite web | url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/Members/en/marc-garneau(10524)/roles | title=Roles – Hon. Marc Garneau – Current and Past – Members of Parliament – House of Commons of Canada }}</ref>

===41st Parliament and leadership campaign===
{{see also|2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election}}
Garneau was narrowly re-elected in the [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 election]] where he beat New Democratic Party candidate Joanne Corbeil. He was Liberal House leader and served from 2013 as Liberal foreign affairs critic. He was a candidate for interim leadership of the Liberal Party, but was ultimately defeated by [[Bob Rae]].<ref name="rae">{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberals-choose-rae-as-interim-leader-1.1012598|title=Liberals choose Rae as interim leader|date=May 25, 2011|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=May 25, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/996650--rae-takes-over-the-liberal-reins|title=Rae takes over the Liberal reins|date=May 25, 2011|work=Toronto Star|access-date=May 25, 2011}}</ref> Garneau announced later that year that he was considering a bid for the permanent leadership of the party.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mp-garneau-eyes-run-at-liberal-leadership-1.1009092|title=MP Garneau eyes run at Liberal leadership|date=December 25, 2011|access-date=September 24, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> In the summer of 2012, he announced that he was looking for a "dream team" to run his leadership bid and that he would only run if he could find the right people.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://o.canada.com/uncategorized/garneau-searching-for-mission-control-before-launching-leadership-bid|title=Marc Garneau searching for mission control before launching Liberal leadership bid|last=Berthiaume|first=Lee|date=August 15, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Canada.com|archive-date=July 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714150409/http://o.canada.com/uncategorized/garneau-searching-for-mission-control-before-launching-leadership-bid|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://o.canada.com/2012/09/11/garneau-preparing-for-liftoff/|title=Marc Garneau preparing for liftoff with Liberals|last=Den Tandt|first=Michael|date=September 11, 2012|access-date=September 24, 2012|newspaper=Canada.com|archive-date=May 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517002712/http://o.canada.com/2012/09/11/garneau-preparing-for-liftoff/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On November 21, 2012, Garneau was named his party's natural resources critic after [[David McGuinty]] resigned the post.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mp-mcguinty-drops-critic-role-over-go-back-to-alberta-gibe-1.1203150|title=MP McGuinty drops critic role over 'go back to Alberta' gibe|date=November 21, 2012|access-date=December 10, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party, placing a heavy focus on the economy.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/mr-harper-is-a-one-trick-pony-marc-garneau-says-launching-liberal-leadership-bid/article5749056/|title='Mr. Harper is a one-trick pony,' Marc Garneau says, launching Liberal leadership bid|last=LeBlanc|first=Daniel|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=Globe and Mail}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/garneaus-liberal-leadership-campaign-officially-blasts-off/|title=Garneau's Liberal leadership campaign officially blasts off|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=CTV News}}</ref> While fellow leadership candidate [[Justin Trudeau]] was widely seen as the front-runner in the race, Garneau was thought to be his main challenger among the candidates.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://globalnews.ca/news/313596/does-marc-garneau-create-problems-for-justin-trudeau/|title=Does Marc Garneau create problems for Justin Trudeau?|last=Abma|first=Derek|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2014|newspaper=Global News}}</ref> With his entrance into the leadership race he resigned his post as Liberal House leader, while remaining the party's critic for natural resources.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.therecord.com/news/canada/2012/11/28/ex-astronaut-marc-garneau-blasts-into-federal-liberal-leadership-race|title=Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau blasts into federal Liberal leadership race|last=Blatchford|first=Andy|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=August 15, 2021|newspaper=The Record}}</ref>

At the press conference announcing his candidacy Garneau ruled out any form of co-operation with the [[Green Party of Canada|Green Party]] or [[New Democratic Party (Canada)|New Democratic Party]] to help defeat the [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative Party]] in the next election, which was proposed by leadership candidate [[Joyce Murray]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ex-astronaut-marc-garneau-launches-liberal-leadership-bid-1.1238333|title=Ex-astronaut Marc Garneau launches Liberal leadership bid|last=MacKinnon|first=Leslie|date=November 28, 2012|access-date=November 28, 2012|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref>

[[File:Secretary Kelly Visits Ottawa (33317504551).jpg|thumb|Garneau (2nd from left) and other members of [[Justin Trudeau|Trudeau]]'s cabinet welcoming U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security [[John F. Kelly]] in March 2017]]

On January 30, 2013, Garneau was replaced as natural resources critic by [[Ted Hsu]]. Garneau had been serving in the position on an interim basis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.macleans.ca/2013/01/30/the-return-of-david-mcguinty/|title=The return of David McGuinty|date=January 30, 2013|access-date=February 7, 2013|newspaper=Maclean's}}</ref> On March 13, 2013, Garneau announced his withdrawal from the race, and threw his support to front-runner [[Justin Trudeau]]. On September 18, 2013, Garneau was named co-chair of the Liberal International Affairs Council of Advisors, providing advice on foreign and defence issues to [[Liberal Party of Canada]] leader [[Justin Trudeau]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Den Tandt|first=Michael|title=Andrew Leslie, former commander of Canadian Army, joins Trudeau's team as adviser|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/former-commander-of-canadian-army-retired-general-andrew-leslie-joins-trudeaus-team-as-adviser|access-date=August 15, 2021|newspaper=National Post|date=September 18, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Liberals Unveil Co-Chairs of International Affairs Council of Advisors|url=http://www.liberal.ca/newsroom/news-release/liberals-unveil-cochairs-international-affairs-council-advisors/|work=liberal.ca|publisher=Liberal Party of Canada|access-date=September 18, 2013}}</ref>

=== Minister of Transport in the 42nd Parliament ===
In the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 elections]] held on October 19, 2015, Garneau was re-elected as MP in the newly created riding of [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount]]. Two weeks later, on November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed the minister of transport by Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]].<ref name ="Transport Minister 2015">{{Cite news | last1= Levitz | first1 = Stephanie | title= Ex-soldeir, top cop among those shut out of cabinet | work= [[The Hamilton Spectator]] | publisher= Torstar | location= [[Hamilton, Ontario]] | issn= 0839-0169 | agency= [[The Canadian Press]] | page= A10 | date= November 5, 2014 | url= https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-hamilton-spectator-ex-soldeir-top-c/173854133/ | access-date = June 4, 2025 | via= Newspapers.com}}</ref> In May 2017, Garneau introduced an airline passenger bill of rights to standardize how passengers can be treated by airlines which operate any flights in and out of Canada. The legislation would create minimum compensation rates for overbooking, lost or damaged luggage, and bumping passengers off flights. It would also prohibit airlines from removing people from the flight if they have purchased a ticket and set the standard for [[Airport apron|tarmac]] delays and airline treatment of passengers when flights are delayed or cancelled over events in the airline's control, or because of weather conditions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39930241|title=Canada government tables airline passenger bill of rights|date=May 16, 2017|website=[[BBC News]]|access-date=May 17, 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Secretary Blinken Meets with Canadian Foreign Minister Marc Garneau (51191398390).jpg|thumb|Garneau meets with [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]] [[Antony Blinken]] in [[Reykjavík]] in May 2021]]

In March 2019, after days of initial refusal to take actions following the crash of [[Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302]], Garneau who had even gone so far as to say on March 11 that he would board a 737 MAX 8 "without hesitation" as an apparent show of support for the [[Boeing]] Company,<ref name=hupo>{{cite news |title=Transport Minister Marc Garneau Would Board Boeing 737 'Without Hesitation' Despite Crash |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2019/03/11/transport-minister-marc-garneau-would-board-boeing-737-without-hesitation-despite-crash_a_23689978/ |work=HuffPost Canada |date=March 11, 2019 |access-date=March 13, 2019 |archive-date=April 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409132241/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2019/03/11/transport-minister-marc-garneau-would-board-boeing-737-without-hesitation-despite-crash_a_23689978/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> finally agreed on March 13 to [[Boeing 737 MAX groundings|ground]] and prohibit all [[Boeing 737 MAX]] aircraft from flying in Canadian airspace.<ref name=grounds>{{cite web| url = https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/garneau-boeing-ethiopia-crash-1.5054234| title = Canada grounds Boeing 737 Max 8, bans jet from airspace following fatal crashes |publisher= CBC News |first=Catharine |last=Tunney |date=March 13, 2019}}</ref> The [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]] followed suit later that day.<ref name="klcnn">{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |title=Trump administration grounds Boeing 737 Max planes |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/13/politics/donald-trump-boeing-faa/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=March 13, 2019}}</ref> This stood in contrast to the ministry's previous stance, where Garneau insisted the plane was safe to fly, thus making Canada one of the only two nations still flying a substantial number of Boeing 737 MAX planes at the time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/12/africa/airlines-suspend-boeing-flights-intl/index.html|title=US and Canada are the only two nations still flying many Boeing 737 Max planes|agency=CNN|date=March 12, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Canada's transport minister has no plans to ground Boeing 737|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/canadas-transport-minister-has-no-plans-to-ground-boeing-737/|date=March 12, 2019|agency=CTV news}}</ref>

=== Minister of Foreign Affairs in the 43rd Parliament===
Garneau continued to serve as Minister of Transport after the elections to the 43rd Parliament held in October 2019. He was at Transport for the first two years of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], and thus he was responsible to enforce the ''[[Quarantine Act, 2005|Quarantine Act]]'' as lieutenant to the Minister of Health [[Patty Hajdu]]; during this time he made many decisions that would affect the lives of travellers in co-ordination with Hadju.<ref name="pmcjtm20">{{cite news |title=Prime Minister announces new actions under Canada's COVID-19 response |url=https://www.pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2020/03/16/prime-minister-announces-new-actions-under-canadas-covid-19-response |publisher=Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau |date=March 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name="ciscan">{{cite news |title=Pre-departure COVID-19 testing and negative results to be required for all air travellers coming to Canada |url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/pre-departure-covid-19-testing-and-negative-results-to-be-required-for-all-air-travellers-coming-to-canada-822561520.html |publisher=Cision Canada |date=December 31, 2020}}</ref><ref name="cbcjpt">{{cite news |last1=Tasker |first1=John Paul |title=New federal rule on COVID-19 tests for air passengers in effect |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/air-travellers-negative-covid-19-test-1.5863509 |publisher=CBC |date=January 6, 2021}}</ref>

Garneau then served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from January 12, 2021, until October 26, 2021.<ref name=oc/> On January 12, 2021, following the resignation of [[Navdeep Bains]] as [[Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry|minister of innovation, science and industry]], Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]] shuffled the Cabinet, with Garneau becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs and [[Omar Alghabra]] taking his place at Transport.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 11, 2021|title=Trudeau to shuffle ministers as Navdeep Bains leaves cabinet|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/trudeau-cabinet-shuffle-small-1.5869541|access-date=January 12, 2021}}</ref> Garneau was described as one of the most qualified and capable members of Cabinet.<ref name="nationalpost.com">{{Cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/opinion/peter-f-trent-trudeau-shows-he-holds-little-regard-for-competency-by-turfing-cabinets-brightest-light-marc-garneau|title=Peter F. Trent: Trudeau shows he holds little regard for competency by turfing cabinet's brightest light, Marc Garneau|newspaper=National Post|date=October 27, 2021}}</ref><ref name="montrealgazette.com">{{cite web |last1=Trent |first1=Peter F. |title=Opinion: Marc Garneau, the 'anti-politician,' deserves better |url=https://www.montrealgazette.com/opinion/article178630.html |publisher=Montreal Gazette |access-date=March 26, 2025 |date=October 27, 2021}}</ref><ref name="theglobeandmail.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-garneaus-departure-means-trudeau-will-have-five-foreign-affairs/|title = Garneau's departure means Trudeau will have had five foreign affairs ministers in six years. That's a travesty|newspaper = The Globe and Mail|date = October 25, 2021|last1 = Ibbitson|first1 = John}}</ref>

===44th Parliament===
Following the cabinet shuffle stemming from the [[2021 Canadian federal election|election in October 2021]], Garneau was dropped from Cabinet on October 26, despite being re-elected to his seat in the House.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2021/10/26/justin-trudeau-drops-marc-garneau-from-cabinet-but-wont-say-why.html|title=Justin Trudeau drops Marc Garneau from cabinet, but won't say why|first=Alex|last=Ballingall|date=October 26, 2021|access-date=November 2, 2021|publisher=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> Some speculated that Garneau did not remain in cabinet due to his age, being sacrificed in the name of gender parity, and that he reportedly refused to be subservient to the Prime Minister's Office.<ref name="nationalpost.com"/><ref name="montrealgazette.com"/><ref name="theglobeandmail.com"/>

On March 8, 2023, Garneau announced that he would resign his seat and retire from politics.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-resigning-1.6771673| title=Former cabinet minister Marc Garneau resigning from House of Commons| first=Richard| last=Raycraft| date=March 8, 2023| website=cbc.ca| url-status=live| archive-date=March 8, 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308165608/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-resigning-1.6771673}}</ref> He gave his farewell speech in the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] the same day.<ref name="Loyal Soldier Resigns">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Nardi
 | first1       = Christopher
 | title        = 'Loyal soldier' veteran Liberal MP Garneau resigning his seat
 | work         = National Post
 | location     = Toronto
 | publisher    = [[Postmedia]]
 | issn         = 1486-8008
 | page         = A4
 | date         = March 9, 2023
 | url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/national-post-loyal-soldier-veteran-li/173898787/ 
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
 | via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/House/441/Debates/166/HAN166-E.PDF#page=21| title=Debates of the House of Commons – Hansard No. 166 – 44-1| date=March 8, 2023| website=ourcommons.ca| page=21| url-status=live| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230309141311/https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/House/441/Debates/166/HAN166-E.PDF| archive-date=March 9, 2023}}</ref> The [[2023 Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount federal by-election|by-election]] to replace him in parliament occurred June 19, 2023.<ref name ="By-election Called 2023">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Stober
 | first1       = Eric  
 | title        = 4 federal byelections set for June in Quebec, Ontario and Manitoba
 | work         = [[Global News]]
 | publisher    = [[Corus Entertainment]]
 | location     = Toronto
 | date         = May 14, 2023
 | url          = https://globalnews.ca/news/9697428/canada-federal-byelections/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20230518221929/https://globalnews.ca/news/9697428/canada-federal-byelections/
 | archive-date = May 18, 2023
| url-status   = live
}}</ref> Liberal [[Anna Gainey]] succeeded him, with almost as big a majority of votes as Garneau had won previously.<ref name ="Anna Gainey Wins">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Delacourt
 | first1       = Susan
 | author-link  = Susan Delacourt
 | title        = Poilievre needs a hand with approach
 | work         = Toronto Star
 | publisher    = Torstar
 | issn         = 0319-0781
 | page         = A4
 | date         = June 21, 2023
 | url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-poilievre-needs-a-hand/173856862/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
 | via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

==Retirement and death==
In retirement, Garneau continued to advocate for the advantages of human spaceflight in building space infrastructure for monitoring the planet and for communications.<ref>{{cite news 
 | last1        = Garneau
 | first1       = Marc
 | title        = When it comes to space, Canada has always reached for the stars
 | work         = The Globe and Mail 
 | publisher    = [[The Woodbridge Company]]
 | location     = Toronto
 | issn         = 0319-0714
 | date         = October 4, 2024
| url          = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-when-it-comes-to-space-canada-has-always-reached-for-the-stars/  
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20241008162105/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-when-it-comes-to-space-canada-has-always-reached-for-the-stars/
 | archive-date = October 8, 2024
| url-status   =live
}}</ref> In autumn 2024, Garneau's autobiography, ''A Most Extraordinary Ride: Space, Politics and the Pursuit of a Canadian Dream'' was published in Canada.<ref name ="Autobio NP Review">
{{Cite news
 | last1         = Portman
 | first1        = Jamie
 | title         = An honest life
 | work          = National Post
 | location      = Toronto
 | publisher     = Postmedia
 | issn          = 1486-8008
 | page          = F9
 | date          = October 15, 2024
 | url           = https://www.newspapers.com/article/national-post-an-honest-life/173891892/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
 | via           = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

Early in 2025, Garneau was diagnosed with both [[lymphoma]] and [[leukemia]].<ref name="Cancer battle">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Major
 | first1       = Darren 
 | date         = June 5, 2025
 | title        = Marc Garneau died after 'short but very difficult battle' with cancer, former staffer says  
 | work         = CBC News
 | location     = Toronto
 | publisher    = Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
 | url          = https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-cancer-diagnosis-1.7553735 
 | access-date  = June 6, 2025 
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20250606175508/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-cancer-diagnosis-1.7553735
 | archive-date = June 6, 2025
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref> In the final weeks of his life, he was a patient at [[McGill University Health Centre]]'s Glen Site, in [[Montreal]].<ref name=":0" /> His family announced he lost his battle with cancer, and died in Montreal on June 4, 2025, at the age of 76.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last1=Bellavance |first1=Joël-Denis |last2=Arcand |first2=Fannie |date= June 4, 2025 |title=Marc Garneau (1949–2025): La mort d'un pionnier  |work=[[La Presse]] |location=[[Montreal]] |publisher=La Presse Inc. |url=https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/2025-06-04/marc-garneau-1949-2025/la-mort-d-un-pionnier.php |access-date= June 5, 2025 |language=fr-CA}}</ref><ref name = "CBC Obit 1">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Olson
 | first1       = Isaac
 | title        = Marc Garneau, 1st Canadian astronaut in space, dead at age 76
 | work         = [[CBC News]]
 | publisher    = [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]
 | location     = Toronto
 | date         = June 4, 2025
 | url          = https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-passes-away-1.7552640
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20250604232452/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/marc-garneau-passes-away-1.7552640
 | archive-date = June 4, 2025
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref><ref name ="CTV Death Announcement">
{{Cite news
 | last1         = Lofaro
 | first1        = Joe
 | title         = Marc Garneau, Canadian astronaut and former Liberal cabinet minister, dead at 76
 | work          = [[CTV News]]
 | publisher     = [[Bell Media]]
 | location      = [[Montreal]]
 | date          = June 4, 2025
 | url           = https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/marc-garneau-dead-at-76/
 | access-date   = June 4, 2025
 | archive-url   = https://web.archive.org/web/20250604221839/https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/marc-garneau-dead-at-76/
 | archive-date  = June 4, 2025
 | url-status    = live
}}</ref> After the announcement, members of the Canadian House of Commons stood for a moment of silence to remember their recent colleague.<ref name = "Global News Obit">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Boynton
 | first1       = Sean 
 | title        = Marc Garneau, former federal cabinet minister and astronaut, dead at 76
 | work         = Global News
 | publisher    = Corus Entertainment
 | location     = Toronto
 | date         = June 4, 2025
 | url          = https://globalnews.ca/news/11213434/marc-garneau-dead-obituary/
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20250604235651/https://globalnews.ca/news/11213434/marc-garneau-dead-obituary/
 | archive-date = June 4, 2025
 | url-status   = live
 }}</ref> His first wife and mother to two of his children, Jacqueline Brown, predeceased him by suicide in 1987, shortly after the couple separated.<ref name ="The accidental astronaut 2002">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Tu
 | first1       = Thanh Ha
 | title        = Profile: The accidental astronaut
 | work         = The Globe and Mail
 | publisher    = [[Bell Globemedia]]
 | location     = Toronto
 | issn         = 0319-0714
 | date         = January 5, 2002
 | url          = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/science/final-shuttle-launch/profile-the-accidental-astronaut/article585591/
 | access-date  = June 6, 2025
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20121130153933/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/science/final-shuttle-launch/profile-the-accidental-astronaut/article585591/
 | archive-date = November 30, 2012
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref> He is survived by his second wife, Pam Garneau, and four children, Yves, Simone, George, and Adrien.<ref name ="collectSPACE Obit">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Pearlman
 | first1       = Robert
 | author-link  = Robert Pearlman
 | title        = Marc Garneau, first Canadian astronaut to fly into space, dies at 76
 | work         = [[collectSPACE]]
 | date         = June 4, 2025
 | url          = http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-060425a-marc-garneau-first-canadian-astronaut-obituary.html
 | access-date  = June 5, 2025
}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:Navy;color:White" align="center"
|Ribbon || Description || Notes
|-
|[[File:CAN Canadian Forces Decoration ribbon.svg|80px]] || [[Canadian Forces' Decoration]] (CD) ||
|-
|[[File:CAN Order of Canada Companion ribbon.svg|80px]] || Companion of the [[Order of Canada]] (C.C.) || 
* Awarded on: May 8, 2003
* Invested on: December 12, 2003<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/146-14673|title=Captain Marc Garneau|author=Office of the Secretary to the Governor General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:CAN Order of Canada Officer ribbon.svg|80px]] || Officer of the [[Order of Canada]] (O.C.) || 
* Awarded on: December 17, 1984
* Invested on: April 10, 1985<ref name="auto"/>
|-
|[[File:Canada125 ribbon.png|80px]] || [[125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal]] ||
* 1993
* As an officer of the Order of Canada, he also received the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html|title=Commemorative Medals of The Queen's Reign in Canada|publisher=[[Christopher McCreery]] |access-date=January 13, 2020|archive-date=February 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203154151/http://christophermccreery.com/commemorative_medals/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:UK Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal ribbon.svg|80px]] || [[Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal]] for Canada||
* 2002
* As an officer of the Order of Canada, he also received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal of Canada Medal.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/125-42224|title=Dr. Marc Garneau|author=Office of the Secretary to the Governor General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
* Canadian version
|-
|[[File:QEII Diamond Jubilee Medal ribbon.svg|80px]] || [[Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal]] for Canada||
* 2012
* * As a Companion of the Order of Canada, and an elected [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|Member of Parliament]] he also received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/recipients/126-1158|title=Marc Garneau|author=Office of the Secretary to the Governor General|website=The Governor General of Canada}}</ref>
* Canadian version
|}

Garneau was appointed an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]] in 1984 in recognition of his role as the first Canadian astronaut.<ref name="auto"/> He was promoted the rank of Companion within the order in 2003 for his extensive work with Canada's space program.<ref name ="Companion OC 2003">
{{Cite news
 | last1        = Lafaro
 | first1       = Tony
 | title        = This is at the top, this is Canada
 | work         = [[The Ottawa Citizen]]
 | publisher    = [[Postmedia]]
 | location     = [[Ottawa]]
 | issn         = 0839-3222
 | agency       = [[The Canadian Press]]
 | page         = A10
 | date         = December 14, 2003
 | url          = https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ottawa-citizen-this-is-at-the-top-t/173854538/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
 | via          = Newspapers.com
}}</ref>

He is honoured with two high schools named after him, [[Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute]] in Toronto<ref>[http://marcgarneauci.com/index.php Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute, Toronto, Ontario] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020041943/http://marcgarneauci.com/index.php |date=October 20, 2007 }}</ref> and École secondaire publique Marc-Garneau in [[Trenton, Ontario]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marc-garneau.cepeo.on.ca/|title=Accueil – École secondaire publique Marc-Garneau|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref>

Garneau was the Honorary Captain of the [[Royal Canadian Sea Cadets]]. In addition, n<sup>o</sup> 599 [[Royal Canadian Air Cadets]] squadron is named in his honour.<ref name ="599 Air Cadets">
{{Cite web
 | title        = Escadron 599 Marc Garneau
 | publisher    = [[Royal Canadian Air Force Association]]
 | location     = Ottawa
 | year         = 2025
 | url          = https://www.rcafassociation.ca/about-us/vision-mission-objectives/
 | access-date  = June 4, 2025
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20250429190925/https://www.rcafassociation.ca/escadron-599-marc-garneau/
 | archive-date = April 29, 2025
 | url-status   = live
}}</ref>

Garneau was awarded the [[List of Keys to the City in Canada|Key to the City]] of [[Ottawa]] from [[Marion Dewar]] the [[List of mayors of Ottawa|Mayor of Ottawa]] on December 10, 1984.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Tr8yAAAAIBAJ&pg=4158,113765&hl=en|title=Ottawa Citizen – Google News Archive Search|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/policies-and-administrative-structure/key-city |title=Key to the City |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115031249/http://ottawa.ca/en/city-hall/your-city-government/policies-and-administrative-structure/key-city |archive-date=January 15, 2016 }}</ref>

He was inducted into the [[International Space Hall of Fame]] in 1992.<ref name=ep5>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29989179/el_paso_times/|title=5 Inducted Into Space Hall of Fame|newspaper=El Paso Times|location=El Paso, Texas|date=October 5, 1992|page=8|agency=Associated Press|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

==Honorary degrees==
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
! style="width:20%;"| Location
! style="width:20%;"| Date
! style="width:40%;"| School
! style="width:20%;"| Degree
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || May 17, 1985 || [[Royal Military College of Canada]] || Doctor of Military Science (DMSc)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rmc-cmr.ca/en/royal-military-college-canada-honorary-degree-recipients|title=Royal Military College of Canada Honorary Degree Recipients|first=Pete|last=Bennett|date=July 19, 2016|website=www.rmc-cmr.ca}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Nova Scotia}} || 1985 || [[Technical University of Nova Scotia]] || [[Doctor of Engineering]] (D.Eng)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dal.ca/academics/convocation/ceremonies/honorary_degree_recipients/hon_degree_1892_1999.html |title=1892 ‑ 1999 Honorary Degree Recipients |work=Dalhousie University |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125052813/http://www.dal.ca/academics/convocation/ceremonies/honorary_degree_recipients/hon_degree_1892_1999.html |archive-date=November 25, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || 1985 || [[Laval University]] || 
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || 1990 || [[Royal Military College Saint-Jean]] || 
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || 1997 || [[University of Ottawa]] || [[Doctor of the University]] (D.Univ)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uottawa.ca/president/people/garneau-marc#Array|title=GARNEAU, Marc – Office of the President – University of Ottawa|access-date=December 17, 2015|archive-date=April 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424141913/https://www.uottawa.ca/president/people/garneau-marc#Array|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Alberta}} || Spring 2001 || [[University of Lethbridge]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc.)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uleth.ca/governance/sites/governance/files/UofL%20Honorary%20Degree%20Recipients%20July%202015_0.pdf |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |publisher=University of Lethbridge |access-date=September 14, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209004207/http://www.uleth.ca/governance/sites/governance/files/UofL%20Honorary%20Degree%20Recipients%20July%202015_0.pdf |archive-date=December 9, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || Spring 2002 || [[York University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://secretariat.info.yorku.ca/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |access-date=December 17, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318112748/http://secretariat.info.yorku.ca/senate/sub-committee-on-honorary-degrees-and-ceremonials/honorary-degree-recipients/ |archive-date=March 18, 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Quebec}} || December 2004 || [[Concordia University]] || [[Doctor of Laws]] (LL.D)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.concordia.ca/offices/archives/honorary-degree-recipients/2004/12/marc-garneau.html|title=Honorary degree citation – Marc&nbsp;Garneau|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Ontario}} || November 2005 || [[McMaster University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://secretariat.mcmaster.ca/|title=University Secretariat}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Alberta}} || 2006 || [[Athabasca University]] || [[Doctor of Science]] (D.Sc.)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://convocation.athabascau.ca/about/HRpast.php|title=Past Honorary Degree Recipients|work=Convocation, Athabasca University|access-date=December 17, 2015|archive-date=October 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026192756/https://convocation.athabascau.ca/about/HRpast.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|British Columbia}} || 2006 || [[British Columbia Institute of Technology]] || [[Doctor of Technology]] (D.Tech.)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcit.ca/about/awards/doctoraterecipients.shtml|title=BCIT : : About the Institute : : Honorary Doctorate of Technology Recipient|access-date=December 17, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|}

{{Incomplete list|date=August 2015}}

==Electoral record==
{{2021 Canadian federal election/Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount}}
{{2019 Canadian federal election/Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount}}

{{Canadian election result/top|CA|2015|Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount|percent=yes|change=yes|expenditures=yes}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|Marc Garneau|29,755|57.67|+19.43|$116,633.55}}
{{CANelec|CA|NDP|James Hughes|11,229|21.76|−13.29|$121,985.65}}
{{CANelec|CA|Conservative|Richard Sagala|7,414|14.37|−3.28|$23,826.12}}
{{CANelec|CA|Green|Melissa Kate Wheeler|1,581|3.06|−1.32|$1,243.50}}
{{CANelec|CA|BQ|Simon Quesnel|1,282|2.48|−1.59|$2,358.94}}
{{CANelec|CA|Marxist-Leninist|Rachel Hoffman|181|0.35|–|–}}
{{CANelec|CA|Independent|Lisa Julie Cahn|151|0.29|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes/Expense limit|51,593|100.00|–|$214,383.86}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total rejected ballots|311|0.60|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Turnout|51,904|65.21|–|–}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Eligible voters|79,597|–|–|–}}
{{CANelec/source|Source: [[Elections Canada]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://enr.elections.ca/ElectoralDistricts.aspx?lang=e|title=Election Night Results – Electoral Districts|work=Elections Canada}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elections.ca/content2.aspx?section=can&dir=cand%2Fcanlim&document=index&lang=e |work=Elections Canada |title=Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates |access-date=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815061116/http://www.elections.ca/content2.aspx?section=can&dir=cand%2Fcanlim&document=index&lang=e |archive-date=August 15, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|}}
{{end}}
{{2011 Canadian federal election/Westmount—Ville-Marie}}
{{2008 Canadian federal election/Westmount—Ville-Marie}}

{{Canadian election result/top|CA|2006|Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district)|Vaudreuil—Soulanges|percent=yes|change=yes|expenditures=yes}}
{{CANelec|CA|BQ|[[Meili Faille]]|27,012|43.16| −1.13| $85,133}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|Marc Garneau|17,768|28.39|−10.41 | $79,413}}
{{CANelec|CA|Conservative|Stephane Bourgon|11,889|19.00|+10.81 | $35,090}}
{{CANelec|CA|NDP|Bert Markgraf|3,468|5.54|+1.64 | $3,385}}
{{CANelec|CA|Green|Pierre Pariseau-Legault |2,450|3.91|+0.14 | $1,144}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes/Expense limit|62,587|100.00 | $85,543}}
{{CANelec/hold|CA|BQ|+9.28}}
{{end}}

==See also==
* [[List of Canadian university leaders]]

==Sources==
* {{Cite book
   | last1         = Garneau
   | first1        = Marc
   | year          = 2024a
   | title         = A Most Extraordinary Ride: Space, Politics and the Pursuit of a Canadian Dream
   | location      = Toronto
   | publisher     = Signal/[[McClelland & Stewart]]
   | isbn          = 9780771016219
  }}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Cite web
    | author       = PMO Staff
    | title        = Honourable Marc Garneau
    | website      = Prime Minister of Canada
    | publisher    = King's Printer for Canada
    | location     = Ottawa
    | url          = https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-marc-garneau 
    | access-date  = June 5, 2025
| archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20210515160043/https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-marc-garneau
    | archive-date = May 15, 2021 | url-status   = dead
   }}
* {{Canadian Parliament links|ID=17305}}
* [http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/astronauts/biogarneau.asp Canadian Space Agency biography]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/archives/topic/marc-garneau-canadian-space-pioneer CBC Digital Archives – Marc Garneau: Canadian Space Pioneer]
* {{IMDb name|1069169}}
* {{Discogs artist|Marc Garneau}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-aca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ray Hnatyshyn]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chancellor (education)|Chancellor]] of [[Carleton University]]|years=2003–2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Herb Gray]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=???}}
{{s-ttl|title=Caucus Chair of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] in Quebec|years=2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)|Pablo Rodriguez]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Denis Coderre]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Quebec lieutenant|Quebec Lieutenant]] of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]]|years=2008–2011}}
{{s-aft|after=Vacant, then [[Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)|Pablo Rodriguez]]}}
|-
{{Canadian cabinet member navigational box header|ministry=29}}
{{Ministry box cabinet posts
|post2preceded = [[François-Philippe Champagne]]
|post2         = [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
|post2years    = January 12, 2021 – October 26, 2021
|post2followed = [[Mélanie Joly]]
|post1preceded = [[Lisa Raitt]]
|post1         = [[Minister of Transport (Canada)|Minister of Transport]]
|post1years    = November 4, 2015 – January 12, 2021
|post1followed = [[Omar Alghabra]]
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Justin Trudeau Ministry}}
{{Canadian Cabinet}}
{{Ministers of transport of Canada}}
{{Ministers of foreign affairs of Canada}}
{{Ministers for international trade of Canada}}
{{Canadian Space Agency}}
{{NASA Astronaut Group 14}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garneau, Marc}}
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:2025 deaths]]
[[Category:21st-century members of the House of Commons of Canada]]
[[Category:Alumni of Imperial College London]]
[[Category:Astronaut-politicians]]
[[Category:Canadian astronauts]]
[[Category:Canadian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Chancellors of Carleton University]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Quebec]]
[[Category:Liberal Party of Canada MPs]]
[[Category:Members of the 29th Canadian Ministry]]
[[Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec]]
[[Category:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada]]
[[Category:Ministers of foreign affairs of Canada]]
[[Category:Ministers of transport of Canada]]
[[Category:People from Westmount, Quebec]]
[[Category:Politicians from Quebec City]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Canadian Space Agency]]
[[Category:Royal Canadian Navy officers]]
[[Category:Royal Military College of Canada alumni]]
[[Category:Royal Military College Saint-Jean people]]
[[Category:Space Shuttle program astronauts]]
[[Category:Systems engineers]]