View source for Maribel Vinson

{{short description|American figure skater}}
{{Infobox figure skater
| name = Maribel Vinson
| image = Maribel Vinson skating.jpg
| caption =Maribel Vinson at a skating competition in 1924
| birth_date = {{birth date|1911|10|12}}
| birth_place = [[Winchester, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1961|2|15|1911|10|12}}
| death_place = [[Berg, Belgium|Berg]]-[[Kampenhout]],<br>Flemish Brabant, Belgium
| height = 
| coach = 
| skating club = [[SC of Boston]]
| retired = 1937
| medals-expand = yes
| medals = <!-- see [[Template:MedalRelatedTemplates]] -->
{{MedalCountry | the<br />{{flag|United States|1912}} }}
{{MedalSport | Ladies' [[figure skating]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Winter Olympic Games|Olympic Games]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1932 Winter Olympics|1932 Lake Placid]] | [[Figure skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics#Figure skating, Women|Ladies' singles]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1930 World Figure Skating Championships|1930 New York]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1928 World Figure Skating Championships|1928 London]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[European Figure Skating Championships|European Championships]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1934 European Figure Skating Championships|1934 Prague]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American Championships]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1937 North American Figure Skating Championships|1937 Boston]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1935 North American Figure Skating Championships|1935 Montreal]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1929 North American Figure Skating Championships|1929 Boston]] | Ladies' singles }}
{{MedalSport | Pairs [[figure skating]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American Championships]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1937 North American Figure Skating Championships|1937 Boston]] | Pairs }}
{{MedalGold | [[1935 North American Figure Skating Championships|1935 Montreal]] | Pairs }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1929 North American Figure Skating Championships|1929 Boston]] | Pairs }}
|birth_name=Maribel Yerxa Vinson}}
[[File:Guy Owen & Maribel Vinson 1936.jpg|right|thumb|[[Guy Owen (figure skater)|Guy Owen]] and Maribel Vinson are pictured during a performance in Canada in 1936.]]
'''Maribel Yerxa Vinson Owen''' (née '''Vinson'''; October 12, 1911 – February 15, 1961) was an American [[figure skater]] and coach. She competed in the disciplines of [[single skating|ladies' singles]] and [[pair skating]]. As a singles skater, she was the [[Figure skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics|1932 Olympic bronze medalist]], a two-time [[World Figure Skating Championships|World medalist]] (1928 silver, 1930 bronze), the 1937 [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American champion]], and a nine-time [[U.S. Figure Skating Championships|U.S. national champion]]. As a pair skater, she was the 1935 North American champion and four-time national champion with [[George Hill (figure skater)|George Hill]]. She also won two national titles with [[Thornton Coolidge]]. She was the first female sportswriter at ''[[The New York Times]]'', and continued competing and winning medals while working as a full-time reporter.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mobile.nytimes.com/2018/02/21/insider/olympic-figure-skater-first-female-sportswriter-for-the-times.html?rref=collection/sectioncollection/insider&action=click&contentCollection=insider&region=rank&module=package&version=highlights&contentPlacement=3&pgtype=sectionfront&referer=https://www.nytimes.com/section/insider?emc=edit_ti_20180225&nl=times-insider&nlid=73397988&te=1|title=An Olympic Figure Skater Who Also Made History for The Times|work=The New York Times |date=21 February 2018 |access-date=2018-02-25|language=en|last1=Mather |first1=Victor }}</ref>

Vinson is tied with [[Michelle Kwan]] for the record in U.S. ladies' figure skating titles.

== Personal life==
Maribel Yerxa Vinson was the daughter and only child of Thomas Vinson and Gertrude Cliff Vinson of [[Winchester, Massachusetts]]. Both of Vinson's parents were figure skaters and Vinson was made an honorary member of the Cambridge Skating Club at birth. She came from a privileged social background. Her mother, Gertrude Vinson, had progressive ideas and homeschooled Vinson until she was nine. She spent much of her childhood skating. 

A good student, Vinson studied at her mother's [[alma mater]], [[Radcliffe College]], and  graduated in 1933,<ref>Halloran, Peter C., ''Historical Dictionary of New England'', Rowman & Littlefield,&nbsp;May 1, 2017. Cf. Article on Owen, Maribel, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WJ2rDgAAQBAJ&dq=Maribel+Vinson+radcliffe+college+1933&pg=PA382 p.382].</ref> all the while pursuing an interest in ice skating. She married [[Canadian]] skater [[Guy Owen (figure skater)|Guy Owen]] in 1938  and they had two daughters, [[Maribel Owen|Maribel Yerxa Owen]], born in 1940 in Boston, and [[Laurence Owen|Laurence Rochon Owen]], born in 1944 in [[Oakland, California]] 

They moved to Berkeley in the early 1940s. During World War II, Guy Owen worked at a shipyard during the day and taught ice skating to students after hours. The couple turned professional, earning a living as performers with ice skating shows such as the International Ice Skate Revue before setting up their own show. Their two daughters stayed with their maternal grandparents in Winchester, Massachusetts  while their parents toured in 1945.

Conflict arose in the marriage by the late 1940s. Guy Owen was somewhat shy; Maribel Vinson was loud, extroverted and had a dominant personality. Vinson complained to one of her students about Owen’s excessive drinking. Owen found show business, life on the road, and long separations from his family stressful. Owen and Vinson divorced in 1949 and Owen moved to Washington. He was visiting his parents in Ottawa when he was rushed to the hospital with severe abdominal pain in April 1952. He died of a [[perforated ulcer]] at age 38. Vinson and their daughters were not mentioned in his obituary. It is not known whether Vinson and their daughters attended Owen’s funeral Mass.<ref name=tdtmss>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.cnnsi.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1182018/1/index.htm |last=Swift |first=E.M. |title=The Day the Music Stopped |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |date=February 21, 2011 |pages=70–75 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223063304/http://www.cnnsi.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1182018/1/index.htm |archive-date=February 23, 2014 }}</ref><ref name=“Nichols”>{{cite book |last=Nichols|first= Nikki|author-link= |date= November 25, 2008|title= Frozen in Time: The Enduring Legacy of the 1961 U.S. Figure Skating Team |url= |location= |publisher= Clerisy Press |page=78|asin= B0066A8R1C}}</ref>

Following her father's death, also in 1952, Vinson and her daughters moved back east to Winchester and lived with her mother. In February 1961, Maribel Vinson was killed along with both daughters in the [[Sabena Flight 548]] crash in [[Belgium]].<ref name=stlcryclr>{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/eticket/story?page=110215/skatingcrash&redirected=true
| publisher=ESPN |agency=Outside the Lines |title=Still Crystal Clear |last=Johnson |first=Bonnie D. |date=2011 |access-date=February 19, 2014}}</ref>

== Competitive career ==
Vinson began to take lessons with coach Willie Frick at the [[Boston Arena]] at the age of nine. She won the U.S. junior ladies' title at the age of 12.<ref>"A Family Tradition", ''Skating'' magazine, June 1959</ref>

From 1928 to 1937, Vinson won the women's singles title at the [[United States Figure Skating Championships|U.S. Championships]] every year except for 1934. She also teamed up with [[Thornton L. Coolidge]] to win the U.S. pairs' title in 1928 and 1929, and with [[George E. B. Hill]] to win four titles in 1933, 1935, 1936, and 1937.

At the [[Figure skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics|1932 Winter Olympic Games]] in [[Lake Placid, New York]], Vinson earned the bronze medal behind the [[Norway|Norwegian]] champion [[Sonja Henie]] and the [[Austria]]n runner up, [[Fritzi Burger]]. While still competing, in the 1930s, Vinson became the first woman sportswriter at the [[New York Times]] newspaper. She covered sports such as fencing, golf, track, tennis, swimming, squash, badminton, lacrosse and horse shows between 1934 and 1937. Her male colleagues discovered that she could outdrink them.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/21/insider/olympic-figure-skater-first-female-sportswriter-for-the-times.html|title=An Olympic Figure Skater Who Also Made History for The Times|first=Victor|last=Mather|newspaper=The New York Times|date=21 February 2018|access-date=January 13, 2019}}</ref>

Following her retirement from amateur ice skating, Vinson toured professionally with Owen in shows. They married in 1938.

==Coaching career==
Following the birth of her two daughters, Vinson began coaching in [[Berkeley, California]]. 

Vinson and her daughters moved back east to the [[Boston]] area in 1952, where they lived with her recently widowed mother in [[Winchester, Massachusetts|Winchester]].<ref name=tdtmss/><ref name=“Nichols”/> She coached at rinks in the [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]] area. Her daughters developed a love for ice skating and she trained them in the sport.<ref name=tdtmss />

Vinson coached [[Tenley Albright]] to five U.S. titles and then to the United States' first [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] gold medal in ladies' singles. She also taught [[Frank Carroll (figure skater)|Frank Carroll]], who himself went on to be one of America's top skating instructors, coaching [[Michelle Kwan]] to her numerous world and national titles and [[Evan Lysacek]] to his Olympic gold medal. 

Vinson was an assertive, outspoken woman and a demanding coach who set high expectations for her daughters and for all of her students both on and off the ice. She gave her students rides to and from the skating rink and encouraged them to work on schoolwork and test preparation during the commute. She was also both physically and verbally violent. She often swore, a habit which violated the social standards of the time. Her mother, Gertrude Vinson, often watched skating practices and scolded Vinson for cursing by saying "Must thou blaspheme?"<ref name= "Swift">{{Cite magazine | title= The Day The Music Stopped | date=February 21, 2011| magazine=Sports Illustrated | first=E.M.| last=Swift | url=https://vault.si.com/vault/2011/02/21/the-day-the-music-stopped | access-date=2025-05-03}}</ref>  On one occasion, Vinson pulled a student's [[ponytail]] and the girl fell on the ice and broke her wrist. Vinson also scolded her students and swatted their buttocks with [[Skate guard|blade guards]].<ref name=“Nichols”/> She once struck her student, Carroll, in the face with her skate guard and left a welt because she thought he had been disrespectful. She struck [[Ron Ludington]], another student, in the back of the head with a wooden folding chair when he swore at her. They later reconciled over a couple of beers. At one skating competition, she threw a chair towards a judge when she disagreed with the scoring. At another, she physically tussled with another coach over the needle on a record player and which skater's music would be played first. Ludington compared her to ''[[Auntie Mame]]'' and said she molded all of her students. She took her students to plays and instructed them to observe how the actors expressed themselves physically. She also exposed them to cultural activities and proper social [[etiquette]] to enhance their skating performances.<ref name= "Swift"/> Her students loved her and were afraid of her. Many also viewed her as a mother figure.<ref name=“Nichols”/><ref name= "Swift"/>

Vinson coached an [[African American]] student at a time when racial prejudice made this unacceptable. She taught the student free of charge and initially gave her lessons when the rink was closed because the rink manager refused to grant admission to African Americans. The African American student, [[Mabel Fairbanks]], later become a skating coach whose own students won national titles. Vinson Owen sometimes falsely claimed to be Jewish to discourage [[Anti-Semitic]] comments around her students. 

Vinson was allowed to coach her own daughters early in the morning at the prestigious Figure Skating Club of Boston, but was not allowed to coach other students there. This meant she had to rent ice time at rinks all over the Boston area and commute from rink to rink. She drove with her skates on and kept a hectic schedule. She could not understand why a coach with as many titles as she held was denied a full-time coaching position. Other skating coaches might have objected to her demeanor and approach to coaching.<ref name=“Nichols”/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wickedlocal.com/story/the-winchester-star/2016/02/12/students-learn-about-legacy-maribel/32525555007/|title=Students learn about legacy of Maribel Vinson-Owen and her family |first=Bram|last=Berkowitz|newspaper=Wicked Local|date=12 February 2016}}</ref><ref name= "Swift"/> She also clashed with her daughters on and off the ice. Former students recalled that young Maribel once swore at her mother during a lesson and Vinson made her older daughter kneel on the ice and beg forgiveness of God. On another occasion, she yelled at Laurence during a lesson and chased Laurence around the rink when Laurence stuck her fingers in her ears and pretended not to hear her mother. Laurence hid from her mother in the bathroom.<ref name= "Swift"/> The younger Maribel was under so much stress that she, like her father, developed an ulcer.<ref name=“Nichols”/>

During her lifetime, Vinson Owen authored several books on her sport:
* ''Primer of Figure Skating'' – McGraw-Hill/Whittlesey House (1938)
* ''Advanced Figure Skating'' – McGraw-Hill/Whittlesey House (1940)
* ''The Fun of Figure Skating'' – Harper & Brothers (1960)

In ''Primer of Figure Skating'', Vinson devotes three-and-a-half pages to what female figure skaters should wear on the ice, which included the correct length and style of skirt, and credits the appeal of the sport to feminine interests in skating fashions. Figure skating historian and writer Ellyn Kestnbaum argues that "Vinson points to several ways in which skating attire connotes (and permits) athleticism and also how it can attract the eye on the merits of its own design elements and by enhancing the visual appeal of the skater's body".<ref name="kestnbaum-103">{{Cite book |last=Kestnbaum |first=Ellyn |title=Culture on Ice: Figure Skating and Cultural Meaning |publisher=Wesleyan Publishing Press |year=2003 |isbn=0-8195-6641-1 |location=Middleton, Connecticut |pages=105}}</ref> Kestnbaum also stated that female skaters should pay more attention to their appearance than men do.<ref>Kestnbaum, p. 106</ref> Consumed by her coaching career, Vinson paid little attention to what she wore off the ice and had no time to devote to housekeeping either.<ref name= "Swift"/>

At the [[1961 United States Figure Skating Championships|1961 U.S. Championships]], her daughter and namesake, [[Maribel Owen|Maribel]], won the national [[pair skating]] title with partner [[Dudley Richards|Dudley S. Richards]], while her youngest daughter, 16-year-old [[Laurence Owen|Laurence]], won the ladies' single title. It was the first time [[CBS]] broadcast the U.S. national championships on [[television]] and the Owen family became instant celebrities.<ref name="mststy">{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1072269/index.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091013104851/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1072269/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 13, 2009 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |title=Mother set the style |last=Heilman |first=Barbara |date=February 13, 1961 |page=39 }}</ref>

==Plane crash==
{{Main|Sabena Flight 548}}
Vinson, as a coach, and her two daughters, as competitors, were all part of the United States team scheduled to appear at the 1961 [[World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]] in [[Prague]], [[Czechoslovakia]]. They boarded [[Sabena Flight 548]] at [[New York City]]'s [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|Idlewild International Airport]] along with the rest of the American team. The overnight flight had a stopover scheduled for [[Brussels, Belgium]] and on its arrival in the clear mid-morning of February 15, the captain had to abort the approach and circle around for a second attempt to land on a different runway. The plane, a [[Boeing 707]], never made it back to the airport; instead, it plunged into the wooded farmland of the village of [[Kampenhout|Berg, Belgium]], taking the lives of all 72 passengers and crew plus a farmer at work in his fields. All 18 members of the American figure skating team plus 16 of their relatives, friends, and coaches were among the dead.<ref name=stlcryclr />

The 1961 World Championships were canceled. When her mother, Gertrude Vinson, was informed of the plane crash, she said it was just as well they died together as Vinson and her daughters would not have wanted to live without each other. A memorial service for Vinson and her two daughters was held February 25, 1961 at the Episcopal Church of the Epiphany in Winchester.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.alamy.com/rev-john-w-ellison-of-the-church-of-the-epiphany-in-winchester-mass-feb-25-1961-conducts-the-memorial-service-for-maribel-vinson-owen-and-her-skating-champion-daughters-maribel-and-laurence-killed-in-a-tragic-airline-crash-friends-neighbors-athletes-townspeople-and-dignitaries-filled-the-church-for-the-simple-episcopal-service-ap-photobill-chaplis-image523904066.html | title=Rev. John W. Ellison of the Church of the Epiphany in Winchester, Mass., Feb. 25, 1961, conducts the memorial service for Maribel Vinson Owen and her skating champion daughters, Maribel and Laurence, killed in a tragic airline crash. Friends, neighbors, athletes, townspeople and dignitaries filled the church for the simple Episcopal service. (AP Photo/Bill Chaplis Stock Photo - Alamy }}</ref> The remains of Vinson Owen and her daughters were brought home for interment in the Story Chapel Columbarium at [[Mount Auburn Cemetery]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].

==Legacy==
Gertrude Vinson stayed active in the skating association following the plane crash. She tried to encourage the young skaters and offer advice to them that her daughter would have given. She was known as “Grammy” to the skaters in the club, who helped care for her following the loss of her family. She was interred beside her daughter and granddaughters following her own death in 1969.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.skateguardblog.com/2017/02/the-sabena-aftermath-part-two-gertrude.html?m=0 | title=The Sabena Aftermath, Part Two: Gertrude the Gallant }}</ref>

Vinson Owen was inducted into the [[U.S. Figure Skating Hall of Fame]] three times – in 1976 as a singles' skater, in 1994 with George E.B. Hill in the pairs' category, and in 2011 as a coach for the 1961 World Team. In 2001, she was inducted to the inaugural class of the Professional Skaters' Association Coaches Hall of Fame, which included the five coaches that perished beside her.<ref>[[Professional Skaters Association]]</ref> In 2002, she was inducted in the [[World Figure Skating Hall of Fame]]. Her daughters were inducted into the U.S. Figure Skating Hall of Fame in 2011.

In Winchester, the Vinson-Owen elementary school was named in her and her daughters' honor.<ref name=voau>{{cite web|url=http://www.edline.net/pages/Vinson-Owen_Elementary_School/VO_School_Info|publisher=Winchester Public Schools |title=Vinson-Owen Elementary School: school info |access-date=February 19, 2014}}</ref>

==Competitive highlights==

===Single skating===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Event
! 1926
! 1927
! 1928
! 1929
! 1930
! 1931
! 1932
! 1933
! 1934
! 1935
! 1936
! 1937
|-
| align=left | [[Winter Olympic Games|Winter Olympics]] || || || 4th || || || || bgcolor=cc9966 | 3rd || || || || 5th ||
|-
| align=left | [[World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]] || || || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || || bgcolor=cc9966 | 3rd || 4th || 4th || || 5th || || ||
|-
| align=left | [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American Championships]] || || || || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || || || || || || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || || bgcolor=gold | 1st
|-
| align=left | [[European Figure Skating Championships|European Championships]] || || || || || || || || || bgcolor=cc9966 | 3rd || || ||
|-
| align=left | [[United States Figure Skating Championships|U.S. Championships]] || bgcolor=cc9966 | 3rd || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st
|}

===Pair skating with Hill===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Event
! 1930
! 1931
! 1932
! 1933
! 1934
! 1935
! 1936
! 1937
|-
| align=left | [[Winter Olympic Games]] || || || || || || || 5th ||
|-
| align=left | [[World Figure Skating Championships|World Championships]]  ||  || 5th || || || || || 5th  ||
|-
| align=left | [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American Championships]] || || || || || || bgcolor=gold | 1st || || bgcolor=silver | 2nd
|-
| align=left | [[United States Figure Skating Championships|U.S. Championships]]  || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || bgcolor=silver | 2nd || bgcolor=gold | 1st || || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st
|}

=== Pair skating with Coolidge ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Event
! 1928
! 1929
|-
| align=left | [[North American Figure Skating Championships|North American Championships]] || || bgcolor=cc9966 | 3rd
|-
| align=left | [[United States Figure Skating Championships|U.S. Championships]] || bgcolor=gold | 1st || bgcolor=gold | 1st
|}

==See also==
* [[Laurence Owen]]
* [[Maribel Owen]]
* [[Guy Owen (figure skater)|Guy Owen]]

==References==
{{reflist|1}}
* {{cite book |last=Nichols |first= Nikki  |title= Frozen in Time: The Enduring Legacy of the 1961 U.S. Figure Skating Team |year= 2006|publisher= Emmis Books|isbn= 1-57860-260-2}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.xcelenergycenter.com/uploads/assets/saintpaul2008/news/Past%20U.S.%20Champions.pdf |title=Past U.S. Champions – Senior |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209010047/http://www.xcelenergycenter.com/uploads/assets/saintpaul2008/news/Past%20U.S.%20Champions.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-09 }}&nbsp;{{small|(123&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}

==External links==
* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224163612/http://www.usfigureskating.org/Shell.asp?cat=7&id=206&sid=32394 |title=Maribel Vinson Owen at U.S. Figure Skating |date=mdy}}
* {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225011403/http://figureskating.about.com/od/profilesoffamousskaters/p/maribelvinsonowen.htm |title=Maribel Vinson Owen – US Figure Skating Legend at About.com |date=mdy}}
* {{Find a Grave|5601}}
* {{Olympics.com|maribel-vinson}}
* {{Olympedia}}

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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vinson, Maribel}}
[[Category:1911 births]]
[[Category:1961 deaths]]
[[Category:American female single skaters]]
[[Category:American female pair skaters]]
[[Category:American figure skating coaches]]
[[Category:Figure skaters at the 1928 Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:Figure skaters at the 1932 Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:Figure skaters at the 1936 Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in figure skating]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Belgium]]
[[Category:Radcliffe College alumni]]
[[Category:Olympic medalists in figure skating]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Winchester, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery]]
[[Category:World Figure Skating Championships medalists]]
[[Category:European Figure Skating Championships medalists]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1932 Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:American female sports coaches]]
[[Category:American women sportswriters]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1961]]
[[Category:Sportswriters from Massachusetts]]
[[Category:20th-century American sportswomen]]