View source for Martin McGuinness

{{short description|Irish republican politician and IRA leader (1950–2017)}}
{{use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = 
| name                = Martin McGuinness
| office              = [[First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland|Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland]]<!--Note: Capital D, sentence case is used in Infobox even for dFM-->
| image               = Martin McGuinness in Jan 2017 (headshot).jpg|caption = McGuinness in 2017
| alongside           = [[Ian Paisley]], [[Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)|Peter Robinson]], [[Arlene Foster]]
| predecessor         = [[Peter Hain]]{{efn|During the periods of suspension of the [[Northern Ireland Executive]], the [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland|Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland]] assumed the responsibilities of the First Minister and deputy First Minister. The final Northern Ireland Secretary to act as First Minister was Peter Hain.}} {{small|''(As Secretary of State for Northern Ireland)''}}<br>[[Mark Durkan]] (2002)
| successor           = [[Michelle O'Neill]] (2020)
| term_start          = 8 May 2007
| term_end            = 9 January 2017{{efn|[[John O'Dowd]] served as Acting dFM from 20 September 2011 to 31 October 2011 while McGuinness campaigned in the [[2011 Irish presidential election]]}}
| office1             = [[Department of Education (Northern Ireland)|Minister of Education]]
| predecessor1        = Office established
| successor1          = [[Caitríona Ruane]] {{collapsed infobox section begin|Parliamentary representation}}
| term_start1         = 2 December 1999
| term_end1           = 14 October 2002
| firstminister1      = [[David Trimble]] (FM)<br />[[Seamus Mallon]] (dFM)<br />[[Mark Durkan]] (dFM)
| birth_name          = James Martin Pacelli McGuinness
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1950|5|23|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Derry]], Northern Ireland
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2017|3|21|1950|5|23|df=y}}
| death_place         = Derry, Northern Ireland
| spouse              = {{marriage|Bernadette Canning|1974}}
| children            = 4
| party               = [[Sinn Féin]]
| office2             = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (Northern Ireland)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]]<br />for [[Foyle (Assembly constituency)|Foyle]]
| term_start2         = 6 May 2016
| term_end2           = 26 January 2017
| predecessor2        = [[Maeve McLaughlin]]
| successor2          = [[Elisha McCallion]]
| office3             = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (Northern Ireland)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]]<br />for [[Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)|Mid Ulster]]
| term_start3         = 25 June 1998
| term_end3           = 6 May 2016
| predecessor3        = ''[[Good Friday Agreement|Constituency established]]''
| successor3          = [[Linda Dillon]]
| office4             = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]<br />for [[Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)|Mid Ulster]]
| term_start4         = 1 May 1997
| term_end4           = 2 January 2013
| predecessor4        = [[William McCrea, Baron McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown|William McCrea]]
| successor4          = [[Francie Molloy]]
| majority4           = 15,363 (37.6%) {{collapsed infobox section end}}
| nationality         = Irish
| branch              = {{ubl|[[Official Irish Republican Army|Official IRA]]|[[Provisional IRA]]}}
| rank                = 
| unit                = 
| battles             = [[The Troubles]]
| footnotes           = {{note|ch|a|[[John O'Dowd]] served as Acting dFM from 20 September 2011 to 31 October 2011 while McGuinness campaigned in the [[2011 Irish presidential election]]}} <br> 
{{note|ch|b|During the periods of suspension of the [[Northern Ireland Executive]], the [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland|Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland]] assumed the responsibilities of the First Minister and deputy First Minister. The final Northern Ireland Secretary to act as First Minister was Peter Hain.}}
}}
'''James Martin Pacelli McGuinness''' ({{langx|ga|Séamus Máirtín Pacelli Mag Aonghusa}};<ref>{{cite press release |date=22 April 2005 |language=Irish |url=http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/4287 |title=Ag cur Gaeilge ar ais i mbéal an phobail – Fórógra Shinn Féin do na Toghcháin Westminster |publisher=Sinn Féin press release |access-date=21 March 2017 |archive-date=31 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131165031/http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/4287 |url-status=live }}</ref> 23 May 1950 – 21 March 2017) was an [[Irish republican]] politician and statesman for [[Sinn Féin]] and a leader within the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (IRA) during [[The Troubles]]. He was the [[deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland]] from May 2007 to January 2017.<ref>[http://www.ofmdfmni.gov.uk/index/about-ofmdfm/ministers.htm About the Department] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222212413/http://www.ofmdfmni.gov.uk/index/about-ofmdfm/ministers.htm |date=22 December 2007 }} Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister.</ref>

McGuinness served as the [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)|Mid Ulster]] from [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]] until his resignation in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/1303355.stm|title=Profile: Martin McGuinness|website=News.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-05-04|archive-date=23 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123235321/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/1303355.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2012/1230/martin-mcguinness.html |title=Martin McGuinness resigns as MP for Mid-Ulster |website=RTÉ.ie |date=2012-12-30 |access-date=2017-05-04 |archive-date=1 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130101060103/http://www.rte.ie/news/2012/1230/martin-mcguinness.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Like all Sinn Féin MPs, McGuinness followed [[abstentionism]] in the [[Westminster Parliament]]. Working alongside US Special Envoy [[George J. Mitchell|George Mitchell]], McGuinness was also one of the main architects of the [[Good Friday Agreement]] which formally cemented the [[Northern Ireland peace process]] and established the [[Northern Ireland Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://irishpost.co.uk/former-us-president-bill-clinton-pays-tribute-calm-courageous-martin-mcguinness/|title=Former US President Bill Clinton pays tribute to 'courageous' Martin McGuinness|author-first1=Erica Doyle|author-last1=Higgins|newspaper=[[The Irish Post]]|access-date=2017-05-04|archive-date=30 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330182035/http://irishpost.co.uk/former-us-president-bill-clinton-pays-tribute-calm-courageous-martin-mcguinness/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1998, McGuinness was first elected as the [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (Northern Ireland)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) for [[Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)|Mid Ulster]]. He served as [[Department of Education (Northern Ireland)|Minister of Education]] in the [[Northern Ireland Executive]] under First Minister [[David Trimble]] from 1999 to 2002. Following the [[St Andrews Agreement]] and the [[2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election]], he became deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland on 8 May 2007, with the [[Democratic Unionist Party]] (DUP) leader [[Ian Paisley]] becoming First Minister. In 2008 and 2016, he was reappointed as deputy First Minister to serve alongside [[Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)|Peter Robinson]] and [[Arlene Foster]], respectively.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7438306.stm "Robinson is new NI first minister"] , BBC News, 5 June 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008</ref> He was Sinn Féin's candidate for [[President of Ireland]] in the [[2011 Irish presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2011/0916/president.html |title=Martin McGuinness set to be SF Áras candidate |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=28 September 2011 |archive-date=23 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923155152/http://www.rte.ie/news/2011/0916/president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=GrabOne daily deals|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/mcguinness-my-pay-will-be-euro35k-irsquoll-be-peoplersquos-president-2880326.html|title=McGuinness: My pay will be €35k, I'll be people's president|work=The Irish Independent|date=18 September 2011|access-date=28 September 2011|archive-date=23 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923174200/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/mcguinness-my-pay-will-be-euro35k-irsquoll-be-peoplersquos-president-2880326.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Simpson|first=Mark|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/14960014|title=Martin McGuinness: Paramilitary to politician to president?|publisher=BBC|date=17 September 2011|access-date=28 September 2011|archive-date=24 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924040906/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/14960014|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the [[2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election]], McGuinness was elected as the MLA for [[Foyle (Assembly constituency)|Foyle]]. On 9 January 2017, McGuinness resigned as deputy First Minister in protest over the [[Renewable Heat Incentive scandal]].<ref name="Resignation">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38561507|title=Martin McGuinness resigns as NI deputy first minister|date=9 January 2017|work=BBC News|access-date=9 January 2017|archive-date=9 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109151844/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38561507|url-status=live}}</ref> He announced on 19 January that he would not be standing for re-election in the [[2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election]] due to ill health. He reportedly suffered from [[amyloidosis]], a condition that attacks the [[vital organs]], and retired shortly before his death on 21 March 2017, aged 66.<ref>{{cite news |first=Henry |last=McDonald |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jan/19/martin-mcguinness-to-quit-politics-to-recover-from-very-serious-illness |title=Martin McGuinness quits politics to recover from serious illness &#124; Politics |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2017-03-06 |archive-date=22 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122011400/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jan/19/martin-mcguinness-to-quit-politics-to-recover-from-very-serious-illness |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness dies aged 66|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39185899|work=BBC|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=25 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525193651/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39185899|url-status=live}}</ref>

== IRA ==
McGuinness acknowledged that he was a former IRA member, but stated that he left the IRA in 1974.<ref>Henry McDonald [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/oct/12/ira-relative-martin-mcguinness-blood IRA victim's brother says Martin McGuinness has blood on his hands] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110022051/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/oct/12/ira-relative-martin-mcguinness-blood |date=10 January 2017 }} ''[[The Guardian]]'' 12 October 2011</ref> He originally joined the [[Official IRA]], unaware of the split at the December 1969 Army Convention, switching to the [[Provisional IRA]] soon after. By the start of 1972, at the age of 21, he was second-in-command of the IRA in [[Derry]], a position he held at the time of [[Bloody Sunday (1972)|Bloody Sunday]] on 30 January 1972, when thirteen civilians were shot and killed in the city by British soldiers of the [[1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment]] during a civil rights march, with a fourteenth victim dying four months later.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/1308899.stm|title=BBC News – NORTHERN IRELAND – McGuinness confirms IRA role|website=New.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-05-04|archive-date=17 May 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040517042043/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/1308899.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/widgery.htm|title=CAIN: [Widgery Report] Report of the Tribunal appointed to inquire into events on Sunday, 30 January 1972|work=ulst.ac.uk|access-date=27 September 2014|archive-date=23 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923121509/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/widgery.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

During the [[Saville Inquiry]] into the events of that day, Paddy Ward stated he had been the leader of the [[Fianna Éireann|Fianna]], the youth wing of the IRA at the time of Bloody Sunday. He said that McGuinness and an anonymous IRA member gave him bomb parts that morning. He said that his organisation intended to attack city centre premises in Derry on the same day. In response, McGuinness said the statements were "fantasy", while Gearóid Ó hEára (formerly Gerry O'Hara), a Derry [[Sinn Féin]] councillor, stated that he and not Ward was the Fianna leader at the time.<ref>John Innes, [http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=628&id=1161662003 "McGuinness is named as bomb runner"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070517040723/http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=628&id=1161662003 |date=17 May 2007 }}, ''[[The Scotsman]]'', 21 October 2003.</ref>

The inquiry concluded that, although McGuinness was "engaged in paramilitary activity" at the time of Bloody Sunday and had probably been armed with a [[Thompson submachine gun]], there was insufficient evidence to make any finding other than they were "sure that he did not engage in any activity that provided any of the soldiers with any justification for opening fire".<ref name=SavilleMcGuinness3119>{{cite web|url=http://report.bloody-sunday-inquiry.org/volume01/chapter003/#the-report|title=Report of The Bloody Sunday Inquiry – Volume I – Chapter 3|publisher=Bloody Sunday Inquiry|date=15 June 2010|access-date=15 June 2010|quote=3.119 in the course of investigating the activities of the Provisional and Official IRA on the day, we considered at some length allegations that Martin McGuinness, at that time the Adjutant of the Derry Brigade or Command of the Provisional IRA, had engaged in paramilitary activity during the day. In the end we were left in some doubt as to his movements on the day. Before the soldiers of Support Company went into the Bogside he was probably armed with a Thompson sub-machine gun, and though it is possible that he fired this weapon, there is insufficient evidence to make any finding on this, save that we are sure that he did not engage in any activity that provided any of the soldiers with any justification for opening fire.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824013430/http://report.bloody-sunday-inquiry.org/volume01/chapter003|archive-date=24 August 2010}}</ref>

McGuinness negotiated alongside [[Gerry Adams]] with the [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland]], [[William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw|Willie Whitelaw]], in 1972. In 1973, he was convicted by the [[Republic of Ireland]]'s [[Special Criminal Court]], after being arrested near a car containing {{convert|250|lb|kg}} of explosives and nearly 5,000 rounds of ammunition. He refused to recognise the court, and was sentenced to six months' imprisonment. In court, he declared his membership of the Provisional IRA without equivocation: "We have fought against the killing of our people... I am a member of [[Óglaigh na hÉireann]] and very, very proud of it".<ref>{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Taylor (Journalist)|title=Provos The IRA & Sinn Féin|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]]|year=1997|pages=152–53|isbn=0-7475-3818-2}}</ref>

After his release, and another conviction in the Republic of Ireland for IRA membership in 1974,<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/timeline-the-life-of-martin-mcguinness-1.3018827 | title = Timeline: The life of Martin McGuinness | date = 21 March 2017 | work = Irish Times | access-date = 29 July 2021 | archive-date = 31 July 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210731210914/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/timeline-the-life-of-martin-mcguinness-1.3018827 | url-status = live }}</ref> he became increasingly prominent in Sinn Féin, the political wing of the [[Republican movement (Ireland)|republican movement]]. He was in indirect contact with British intelligence during the [[1981 Irish hunger strike|1981 hunger strikes]], and again in the early 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/15216 |title=Setting the Record Straight &#124; Sinn Féin |website=Sinnfein.ie |access-date=2017-05-04 |archive-date=4 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100504101821/http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/15216 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was elected to the [[Northern Ireland Assembly (1982)|Northern Ireland Assembly]] at [[Parliament Building of Northern Ireland|Stormont]] in 1982, representing [[Londonderry (Assembly constituency)|Londonderry]]. He was the second candidate elected after [[Social Democratic and Labour Party]] (SDLP) leader [[John Hume]]. As with all elected members of Sinn Féin and the SDLP, he did not take up his seat.<ref>''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston ({{ISBN|1-84018-725-5}}), pages 152–153</ref> On 9 December 1982, McGuinness, Gerry Adams and [[Danny Morrison (writer)|Danny Morrison]] were banned from entering Great Britain under the [[Prevention of Terrorism Act (Northern Ireland)|Prevention of Terrorism Act]] by the [[Home Secretary]], William Whitelaw.<ref>''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston ({{ISBN|1-84018-725-5}}), page 155</ref>

In August 1993, he was the subject of a two-part special by ''[[The Cook Report]]'', a [[ITV Central|Central TV]] investigative documentary series presented by [[Roger Cook (journalist)|Roger Cook]]. It accused him of continuing involvement in IRA activity, of attending an interrogation and of encouraging Frank Hegarty, a British informer, to return to Derry from a [[safe house]] in England. Hegarty's mother Rose appeared on the programme to tell of telephone calls to McGuinness and of Hegarty's subsequent murder. McGuinness denied her account and denounced the programme saying "I have never been in the IRA. I don't have any sway over the IRA".<ref>''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston ({{ISBN|1-84018-725-5}}), page 222</ref>

In 2005, [[Michael McDowell (politician)|Michael McDowell]], the Irish [[Tánaiste]], stated McGuinness, along with Gerry Adams and [[Martin Ferris]], were members of the seven-man [[IRA Army Council]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1483997/Adams-and-McGuinness-named-as-IRA-leaders.html |title=Adams and McGuinness named as IRA leaders |first=Thomas |last=Harding |date=21 February 2005 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=9 May 2012 |location=London |archive-date=6 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606064004/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1483997/Adams-and-McGuinness-named-as-IRA-leaders.html |url-status=live }}</ref> McGuinness denied this, saying he was no longer an IRA member. Experienced [[The Troubles|Troubles]] journalist [[Peter Taylor (journalist)|Peter Taylor]] presented further apparent evidence of McGuinness's role in the IRA in his documentary ''Age of Terror'', shown in April 2008.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7356159.stm Age of Terror] , [[BBC News]], 21 April 2008</ref> In his documentary, Taylor alleges that McGuinness was the head of the [[IRA's Northern Command]] and had advance knowledge of the IRA's 1987 [[Remembrance Day bombing]], which left 12 people dead.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7356159.stm|title=BBC NEWS – UK – Who knew about Enniskillen plans?|website=News.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-05-04|archive-date=22 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922232403/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7356159.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Chief negotiator and Minister of Education ==
[[File:Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin, Martin McGuinness & Gerry Adams at Bodenstown, 1997.jpg|thumb|McGuinness with [[Gerry Adams]] and [[Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin]] in 1997.]]
[[File:President Bill Clinton meets with Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams and Sinn Fein leader Martin McGuinness at the Stormont Parliament Buildings.jpg|thumb|United States President [[Bill Clinton]] meeting with [[Gerry Adams]] and McGuinness in the [[Parliament Buildings (Northern Ireland)|Stormont Parliament Buildings]] in December 2000.{{multiple image
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| image3            = President Barack Obama meets Northern Ireland First Minister Peter Robinson and Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness.jpg
| image4            = Secretary Clinton Speaks With First Minister Robinson and Deputy First Minister McGuinness of Northern Ireland (5538411791).jpg
| caption1          = United States President [[George W. Bush]] meeting with [[Ian Paisley]] and McGuinness in the [[Oval Office]] in December 2007.
| caption2          = McGuinness, [[Ian Paisley]], and Scottish First Minister [[Alex Salmond]] in 2008.
| caption3          = United States President [[Barack Obama]] with [[Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)|Peter Robinson]] and McGuinness in March 2009.
| caption4          = [[United States Secretary of State]] [[Hillary Clinton]] with [[Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)|Peter Robinson]] and McGuinness in March 2011.
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He became Sinn Féin's chief negotiator in the [[Northern Ireland peace process]] negotiations which led to the [[Good Friday Agreement]].  At the time of his death, former US President [[Bill Clinton]] noted that McGuinness was the one who personally oversaw the agreement's arms [[decommissioning in Northern Ireland|decommissioning phase]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement from President Clinton on the Passing of Martin McGuinness |url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/press-releases/statement-president-clinton-passing-martin-mcguinness |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321165527/https://www.clintonfoundation.org/press-releases/statement-president-clinton-passing-martin-mcguinness |archive-date=21 March 2017 |access-date=2017-05-04 |website=Clintonfoundation.org}}</ref>  Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair also acknowledged the leading role which McGuinness had in ensuring the agreement would be enforced.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tony Blair on Martin McGuinness - Good Friday Agreement could never have been achieved 'without Martin's leadership and courage' |url=https://www.derrynow.com/news/tony-blair-martin-mcguinness-good-friday-agreement-never-achieved-without-martins-leadership-courage/151921 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322202700/https://www.derrynow.com/news/tony-blair-martin-mcguinness-good-friday-agreement-never-achieved-without-martins-leadership-courage/151921 |archive-date=22 March 2017 |access-date=2017-05-04 |website=Derrynow.com}}</ref>

He was elected to the [[Northern Ireland Forum]] in 1996 representing [[Foyle (Assembly constituency)|Foyle]]. Having contested [[Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)|Foyle]] unsuccessfully at the 1983, 1987 and 1992 Westminster elections,<ref>{{cite web|title=Election Data 1987|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1987.txt|publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]|access-date=18 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054243/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1987.txt|archive-date=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Election Data 1983|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]|access-date=18 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054231/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|archive-date=15 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Election Data 1992|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1992ob.txt|publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]|access-date=18 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054418/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1992ob.txt|archive-date=15 October 2011}}</ref> he became MP for [[Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)|Mid Ulster]] in 1997 and after the agreement was concluded, was returned as a member of the Assembly for the [[Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)|same constituency]]. He was nominated by his party for a ministerial position in the [[Northern Ireland Executive|power-sharing executive]], where he became Minister of Education. One of his acts as Minister of Education was his decision to scrap the [[Eleven plus exam|11-plus exam]], which he had failed as a child.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/1303355.stm|date=4 December 1999|title=McGuinness: Let's work together|publisher=BBC|access-date=13 November 2020|archive-date=13 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513003602/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/1303355.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> He was re-elected to the Westminster Parliament in 2001, 2005 and 2010.

In May 2003, transcripts of telephone calls between McGuinness and British officials including [[Mo Mowlam]], the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, and [[Jonathan Powell (Labour adviser)|Jonathan Powell]], [[Tony Blair]]'s Chief of Staff, were published in a biography of McGuinness entitled ''From Guns to Government'' by Kathryn Johnston and Liam Clarke. The tapes had been made by [[MI5]] and the authors of the book were arrested under the [[Official Secrets Act]]. The conversations showed an easy and friendly relationship between McGuinness and Powell. He joked with Powell about [[Unionism in Ireland|unionist]] MPs while Mowlam referred to him as "babe" and discussed her difficulties with Blair. In another transcript, he praised Bill Clinton to Gerry Adams.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cryptome.org/mcguinness-taps.htm |title=Martin McGuinness Wiretap Transcripts |publisher=Cryptome.org |access-date=28 September 2011 |archive-date=10 December 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210064657/http://cryptome.org/mcguinness-taps.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

== St Andrews Agreement and deputy First Minister ==
In the weeks following the [[St Andrews Agreement]], the four biggest parties—the DUP, Sinn Féin, the [[Ulster Unionist Party]] and the SDLP—indicated their choice of ministries in the Executive and nominated members to fill them. The Assembly convened on 8 May 2007 and Paisley and McGuinness were nominated as First Minister and deputy First Minister respectively.

On 12 May Sinn Féin agreed to take up three places on the [[Northern Ireland Policing Board]], and nominated three MLAs to take them.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wilford|first1=Rick|last2=Wilson|first2=Robin|title=Devolution Monitoring Programme 2006–08|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/constitution-unit/research/research-archive/ni07.pdf|publisher=Queens University Belfast|access-date=21 March 2017|archive-date=21 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321170528/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/constitution-unit/research/research-archive/ni07.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Lansford|first1=Tom|title=Political Handbook of the World 2012|year=2012|publisher=SAGE|isbn=978-1-6087-1995-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/politicalhandboo0000unse_a2s3/page/1138 1138–1139]|url=https://archive.org/details/politicalhandboo0000unse_a2s3/page/1138}}</ref>

On 8 December 2007, while visiting President of the United States [[George W. Bush]] in the [[White House]] with the Northern Ireland First Minister Ian Paisley, McGuinness said to the press, "Up until the 26 March this year, Ian Paisley and I never had a conversation about anything—not even about the weather—and now we have worked very closely together over the last seven&nbsp;months and there's been no angry words between us.... This shows we are set for a new course."<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7123939.stm Paisley and McGuinness in US trip]  BBC News, 3 December 2007</ref><ref>Martina Purdy [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7134094.stm 'Charming' ministers woo president]  BBC News, 8 December 2007</ref>

== 2011 Irish presidential campaign ==
{{Main|2011 Irish presidential election}}
On 16 September 2011 McGuinness was announced as the Sinn Féin candidate in the 2011 Irish presidential election.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/sep/16/martin-mcguinness-irish-presidency|title=Martin McGuinness to run for Irish presidency|date=16 September 2011|work=The Guardian|access-date=16 September 2011|location=London|first=Henry|last=McDonald|archive-date=1 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001014118/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/sep/16/martin-mcguinness-irish-presidency|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ireland/8770384/Martin-McGuinness-to-run-for-president-of-Ireland.html|title=Martin McGuinness to run for president of Ireland|date=17 September 2011|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=17 September 2011|location=London|archive-date=17 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917111759/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ireland/8770384/Martin-McGuinness-to-run-for-president-of-Ireland.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In the election held on 27 October 2011, McGuinness received 243,030 first preference votes, placing third behind [[Michael D. Higgins]] (elected president) and [[Seán Gallagher]]. McGuinness had earned endorsements from Colm Meaney, Roma Downey, and Fionnula Flanagan among others; and had performed well considering Sinn Féin's position in the Republic at that time.  <ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.irishtimes.com/news/story-of-presidential-election-count-1.886154 | title = Story of presidential election count |date = 29 October 2011 | work = Irish Times | access-date = 23 December 2020 }}</ref> 

McGuinness was the only candidate ineligible to vote in the election as, although an [[Irish citizen]], he was not ordinarily a resident in the [[Republic of Ireland]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/presidential-election/mcguinness-unable-to-vote-for-himself-2919695.html | work=Irish Independent | title=McGuinness unable to vote for himself | date=28 October 2011 | access-date=29 October 2011 | archive-date=29 October 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111029052024/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/presidential-election/mcguinness-unable-to-vote-for-himself-2919695.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Following the election, McGuinness formally returned to the role of deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland on 31 October.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-15527135 | work=BBC News | title=Martin McGuinness returns as deputy first minister | date=31 October 2011 | access-date=22 June 2018 | archive-date=27 September 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927030922/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-15527135 | url-status=live }}</ref>

== Resignation from the House of Commons ==
On 30 December 2012 McGuinness announced that he had formally resigned as the MP for Mid-Ulster stating "I have served formal notice of my resignation from the position of MP for Mid-Ulster with immediate effect. This is in line with my party's commitment to end [[double jobbing]]."<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 "Sinn Fein's Martin McGuinness resigns as Mid-Ulster MP"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405031602/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 |date=5 April 2018 }}, BBC News</ref> To do this, he was made [[Steward of the Manor of Northstead]] on 2 January 2013 by Chancellor [[George Osborne]], making him an employee of the Crown and thus ineligible for membership of the House of Commons.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2013/0102/breaking32.html | newspaper=The Irish Times | title=McGuinness awarded British title | access-date=2 January 2013 | archive-date=2 January 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102201103/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2013/0102/breaking32.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/press_01_13.htm |title=Manor of Northstead |publisher=HM Treasury |date=2 January 2013 |access-date=31 March 2013 |archive-date=5 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205151142/http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/press_01_13.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Resignation as deputy First Minister ==
{{Main|Renewable Heat Incentive scandal}}
[[File:Theresa May visited Northern Ireland July 2016.jpg|thumb|right|British Prime Minister [[Theresa May]] meets with McGuinness and First Minister [[Arlene Foster]] in 2016.]]
In November 2016, a scandal came to light surrounding the Renewable Heat Incentive, an energy incentive championed by [[Arlene Foster]] when she was [[Department for the Economy|Minister for Enterprise, Trade, and Incentives]] in 2012. The incentive would cost the Northern Ireland Executive £480m over 20 years, and was marred by allegations of fraud, which were not acknowledged or acted upon by Foster or the DUP (McGuinness' and Sinn Féin's partner in government).<ref name="whistleblower">{{cite news|last1=Macauley|first1=Conor|title=Renewable Heat Incentive scheme: Whistleblower 'ignored' after reporting abuse claims|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-37925402|work=BBC News|date=9 November 2016|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=9 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009003355/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-37925402|url-status=live}}</ref> McGuinness and others in Sinn Féin called for Foster to step aside as First Minister to allow for independent inquiries, but she refused.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sinn Féin to table motion calling on Northern Irish First Minister to stand aside|url=http://www.newstalk.com/reader/47.301/89159/0/|work=newstalk.com|access-date=16 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220181300/http://www.newstalk.com/reader/47.301/89159/0/|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=RHI scandal: Foster rejects Sinn Fein proposal to step aside during probe|url=http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/business/rhi-scandal-foster-rejects-sinn-fein-proposal-to-step-aside-during-probe-1-7761880|work=Newsletter.co.uk|access-date=16 January 2017|archive-date=16 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116174201/http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/business/rhi-scandal-foster-rejects-sinn-fein-proposal-to-step-aside-during-probe-1-7761880|url-status=live}}</ref> She made a statement before the assembly on 19 December without McGuinness' approval (as required under the power-sharing agreement), resulting in Sinn Féin and the opposition parties all walking out of the assembly.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gordon|first1=Gareth|title=Robin Newton: 'Concerns recognised' over RHI statement|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38373619|work=BBC News|date=20 December 2016|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=9 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009004903/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38373619|url-status=live}}</ref>

Sinn Féin President [[Gerry Adams]] indicated on 8 January 2017 that McGuinness could resign, thus vacating both his and Foster's offices, if Foster did not agree to temporarily step aside to allow an independent inquiry.<ref>{{cite news|title=RHI scandal: Gerry Adams says Sinn Féin will act over fiasco|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38541704|work=BBC News|date=8 January 2017|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110160559/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38541704|url-status=live}}</ref> McGuinness resigned the following day; in his statements to the press, he said "Today is the right time to call a halt to the DUP's arrogance", and said that Foster had a "clear conflict of interest" in the affair.<ref name="Resignation" /> Another reason cited for his resignation was the decision by DUP [[Department for Communities|Minister for Communities]] [[Paul Givan]] to remove £50,000 in funding from the [[Líofa]] Gaeltacht Bursary scheme, a yearly programme that allowed 100 school-age children to travel to the [[Gaeltacht#Donegal Gaeltacht|Donegal Gaeltacht]] to learn the [[Irish language]].<ref name="liofa">{{cite news|title=Irish language bursary funding 'found' says Paul Givan|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38594609|work=BBC News|date=12 January 2017|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201162905/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38594609|url-status=live}}</ref> Sinn Féin refused to nominate a successor to McGuinness before 16 January, resulting in the [[Secretary of State for Northern Ireland]], [[James Brokenshire]], calling for [[2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election|new elections]] scheduled for 2 March.<ref>{{cite news|title=Elections to be held in NI on 2 March|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-38641857|work=BBC News|date=16 January 2017|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=16 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116234645/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-38641857|url-status=live}}</ref> McGuinness subsequently announced that he would not run for re-election, due to ill health.<ref name=Dominiczak />

== Personal life ==
McGuinness's mother was from [[Co Donegal|Donegal]] in the northwest of Ireland.<ref name="mcguinnessdonegal">{{cite web | title=Martin McGuinness: Shared faith helped me find common ground with Ian Paisley| url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/martin-mcguinness-shared-faith-helped-me-find-common-ground-with-ian-paisley/34554077.html | access-date=15 December 2023 | archive-date=15 December 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215210641/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/martin-mcguinness-shared-faith-helped-me-find-common-ground-with-ian-paisley/34554077.html| url-status=dead }}</ref> She moved to Derry to work in a shirt factory.<ref name=mcguinnessdonegal/> It was in Derry that she met McGuinness's father.<ref name=mcguinnessdonegal/>

One of McGuinness's middle names, Pacelli, is after [[Pope Pius XII]] (Eugenio Pacelli).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-38640430 | work = BBC News | title = Obituary: Martin McGuinness | date = 21 March 2017 | access-date = 21 March 2017 | archive-date = 21 March 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170321111244/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-38640430 | url-status = live }}</ref>

McGuinness attended St. Eugene's Primary School and later the Christian Brothers technical college, leaving school at the age of 15.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/feb/12/northernireland.schools |title=McGuinness strives for top marks |last=Woodward |first=Will |date=13 February 2001 |work=The Guardian |access-date=5 December 2016 |archive-date=6 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106013532/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/feb/12/northernireland.schools |url-status=live }}</ref>

McGuinness married Bernadette Canning in 1974; they had four children, two girls and two boys.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/14/northern-ireland-martin-mcguinness |title=Hardliners vent their fury at Martin McGuinness |last=Bowcott |first=Owen |date=14 March 2009 |work=The Guardian |access-date=13 November 2020 |archive-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413025236/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/14/northern-ireland-martin-mcguinness |url-status=live }}</ref> He was a fan of the [[Derry GAA|Derry]] [[Gaelic football]] and [[hurling]] teams<ref name="indep">{{cite news|first=Martin|last=McGuinness|title=Fanzone – Martin McGuinness|work=[[Irish Independent]]|date=26 August 2001|access-date=6 August 2009|url=http://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-football/fanzone-510029.html|archive-date=25 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325075946/http://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-football/fanzone-510029.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and played both sports when he was younger.<ref name="indep" /> He grew up just 50 metres from [[Celtic Park, Derry|Celtic Park]], the home of Derry's [[Gaelic Athletic Association]].<ref name="indep" /> His older brother [[Tom McGuinness (Gaelic footballer)|Tom]] played Gaelic football for Derry.<ref name="indep" /> He supported [[Derry City F.C.]] where his younger brother Paul played for the Candystripes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,468041,00.html |location=London, UK |work=The Guardian |title=My team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209213349/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0%2C%2C468041%2C00.html |archive-date= 9 December 2007 }}</ref>

McGuinness supported [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] from the age of eight.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/other-sports/martin-mcguinness-i-brought-ulster-luck-in-the-99-euro-final-16156859.html | title = Martin McGuinness: I brought Ulster luck in the '99 Euro final | date = 10 May 2012 | work = Belfast Telegraph |access-date = 23 December 2020}}</ref> McGuinness also had an interest in [[cricket]] – sometimes extending his support to the [[England cricket team]], as well as that of [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/jan/25/martin-mcguinness-love-of-cricket|location=London|work=The Guardian|first=Patrick|last=Kingsley|title=Martin McGuinness: How I fell in love with cricket|date=25 January 2012|access-date=15 December 2016|archive-date=10 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110020556/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/jan/25/martin-mcguinness-love-of-cricket|url-status=live}}</ref>

In March 2019, McGuinness was posthumously awarded a certificate of honour by mayor of San Francisco [[London Breed]] for his "courageous service in the military." The nomination had been made by the [[United Irish Societies]] who had appointed him honorary marshal in the [[St. Patrick's Day parade]].<ref>{{cite news |title=S.F. Issues Posthumous Certificate of Honor for Irish Politician with Ties to IRA - 03/10/2019 |url=https://www.sfweekly.com/news/s-f-mayor-issues-posthumous-certificate-of-honor-for-irish-politician-with-ties-to-ira/ |access-date=4 December 2019 |work=SF Weekly |date=11 March 2019 |archive-date=4 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204214708/https://www.sfweekly.com/news/s-f-mayor-issues-posthumous-certificate-of-honor-for-irish-politician-with-ties-to-ira/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Breed apologised two days later following controversy.<ref>{{cite news |title=McGuinness award apology 'not enough' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-foyle-west-47521926 |access-date=4 December 2019 |work=BBC News |date=12 March 2019 |archive-date=3 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603014621/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-foyle-west-47521926 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Health concerns and death==
[[File:Funeral of Martin McGuinness (Gerry Adams, Michelle O'Neill, Mary Lou McDonald).jpg|thumb|The funeral procession of McGuinness with coffin bearers including [[Gerry Adams]], [[Michelle O'Neill]] and [[Mary Lou McDonald]].]]
In December 2016, McGuinness was advised against making a planned visit to China on medical grounds,<ref name=Dominiczak>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/19/sinn-feins-martin-mcguinness-quits-frontline-politics-recover/|title=Sinn Fein's Martin McGuinness says 'very serious illness' has forced him to quit frontline politics|work=Daily Telegraph|first=Peter|last=Dominiczak|date=19 January 2017|access-date=19 January 2017|archive-date=19 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119183222/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/19/sinn-feins-martin-mcguinness-quits-frontline-politics-recover/|url-status=live}}</ref> initially announcing that this was due to "unforeseen personal circumstances."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38194736|title=Martin McGuinness pulls out of China trip|date=3 December 2016|access-date=20 January 2017|archive-date=6 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206124130/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38194736|url-status=live}}</ref> After subsequent tests, he was told that he was suffering from "a very serious illness."<ref name=Dominiczak /> McGuinness and Sinn Féin declined to give details of his illness to the media.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/sf-silent-on-mcguinness-illness-1-7742178|title=SF silent on McGuinness' illness|work=Newsletter|date=21 December 2016|access-date=19 January 2017|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111210151/http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/sf-silent-on-mcguinness-illness-1-7742178|url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2017, ''[[The Irish Times]]'' disclosed that McGuinness was suffering from [[amyloidosis]], a rare incurable disease that affects the internal organs. McGuinness complained that the ''Times'' had breached his privacy and that the paper had inaccurately reported the condition as genetic, thereby causing distress to his family.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishcentral.com/news/politics/martin-mcguinness-slams-irish-times-for-revealing-medical-diagnosis|title=Martin McGuinness slams Irish Times for revealing medical diagnosis|publisher=IrishCentral|access-date=16 January 2017|date=13 January 2017|archive-date=15 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170115185432/http://www.irishcentral.com/news/politics/martin-mcguinness-slams-irish-times-for-revealing-medical-diagnosis|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 6 March 2017, McGuinness was hospitalised at Derry's [[Altnagelvin Area Hospital]] due to ill health.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/martin-mcguinness-latest-seriously-ill-hospital-northern-ireland-sinn-fein-deputy-first-minister-a7614171.html|title=Martin McGuinness: Former Northern Irish First Minister seriously ill in hospital|work=The Independent|date=6 March 2017|access-date=20 March 2017|archive-date=21 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321210745/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/martin-mcguinness-latest-seriously-ill-hospital-northern-ireland-sinn-fein-deputy-first-minister-a7614171.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He died on 21 March, at the age of 66.<ref name=bbc1>{{cite news|title=Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness dies aged 66|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39185899|access-date=21 March 2017|agency=BBC|archive-date=21 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321064618/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39185899|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=death1>{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/2017/0321/861287-martin-mcguinness-death/|title=Death announced of Martin McGuinness|publisher=[[Raidió Teilifís Éireann]]|date=21 March 2017|access-date=21 March 2017|archive-date=21 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321083950/http://www.rte.ie/amp/861287/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/mcguinnesss-refusal-to-live-in-past-is-a-great-lesson-for-us-all-clinton-leads-the-tributes-35554011.html|title='McGuinness's refusal to live in past is a great lesson for us all' - Clinton leads the tributes|date=22 March 2017|work=Irish Independent|access-date=22 March 2017|archive-date=22 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322094922/http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/mcguinnesss-refusal-to-live-in-past-is-a-great-lesson-for-us-all-clinton-leads-the-tributes-35554011.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Northern Ireland peace process]]
*[[Operation Taurus]]
{{Clear}}

==Notes==
{{Noteslist}}

==References==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Clarke, Johnston; Clarke, Liam. (2003). ''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government''. Mainstream. {{ISBN|978-1-84018-725-0}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Martin McGuinness}}
* {{Official website|http://www.thepeoplespresident.ie}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100512140421/http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/14970 Sinn Féin profile]
*{{UK MP links | parliament = martin-mcguinness/651 | hansardcurr = | guardian = 3828/martin-mcguinness | theywork = martin_mcguinness | record = Martin-McGuinness/Mid-Ulster/375 | bbc = 25478.stm | journalisted = martin-mcguinness }}
*{{Guardian topic}}
*[https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/30/newsid_2973000/2973759.stm 30 May 1972: Official IRA declares ceasefire. A young Martin McGuinness gives the Provisional IRA's reaction – VIDEO]
*[http://www.newstatesman.com/human-rights/2010/02/ireland-ira-believe-due-doing Martin McGuinness interviewed by James Macintyre on NewStatesman]
*[//thebrokenelbow.com/page/2/Martin McGuinness’ Record As IRA Chief Of Staff]

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[[Category:1950 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths from amyloidosis]]
[[Category:Candidates for President of Ireland]]
[[Category:European democratic socialists]]
[[Category:Irish republicans]]
[[Category:Irish republicans imprisoned on terrorism charges]]
[[Category:Members of the Northern Ireland Forum]]
[[Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Mid Ulster]]
[[Category:Ministers of the Northern Ireland Executive (since 1999)]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MPAs 1982–1986]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 1998–2003]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2003–2007]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2007–2011]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2011–2016]]
[[Category:Northern Ireland MLAs 2016–2017]]
[[Category:Official Irish Republican Army members]]
[[Category:Politicians from Derry (city)]]
[[Category:Provisional Irish Republican Army members]]
[[Category:Republicans imprisoned during the Northern Ireland conflict]]
[[Category:Sinn Féin MLAs]]
[[Category:Sinn Féin MPs (post-1921)]]
[[Category:Socialists from Northern Ireland]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1997–2001]]
[[Category:UK MPs 2001–2005]]
[[Category:UK MPs 2005–2010]]
[[Category:UK MPs 2010–2015]]
[[Category:People convicted of illegal possession of weapons]]