View source for Martorell

{{Not to be confused with|Martorelles}}
{{for multi|people with the name|Martorell (surname)|other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Martorell
| native_name             = 
| settlement_type         = [[Municipalities of Catalonia|Municipality]]
| image_skyline           = Baix Llobregat nord.jpg
| imagesize               = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = Bandera de Martorell.svg
| flag_size               = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Escut de Martorell.svg
| shield_size             = 
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| pushpin_map             = Spain Province of Barcelona#Spain
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Catalonia
| coordinates             = {{coord|41.477|1.928|region:ES_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Spain}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Community]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Catalonia}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Barcelona Province (Spain)|Barcelona]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Comarques of Catalonia|Comarca]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Baix Llobregat]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name             = {{ill|Xavier Fonollosa|es}} (Junts per Martorell)<ref name=municat>{{cite web|url=http://aplicacions.municat.gencat.cat/index.php?page=consulta&mostraEns=0811410007|title=Ajuntament de Martorell|publisher=[[Generalitat of Catalonia]]|access-date=2015-11-13}}</ref>
| area_footnotes          = <ref name=idescat>{{cite web|url=http://www.idescat.cat/emex/?lang=en&id=081141|title=El municipi en xifres: Martorell|publisher=[[Institut d'Estadística de Catalunya|Statistical Institute of Catalonia]]|access-date=2015-11-23}}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 12.8
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 56
| population_as_of        = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes    = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total        = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| website                 = {{URL|martorell.cat}}
| footnotes               = 
}}

'''Martorell''' ({{IPA|ca|məɾtuˈɾeʎ}}) is a [[municipality]], [[county]], and [[city]] that forms part of the [[Baix Llobregat]] [[Comarques of Catalonia|comarca]], in [[Catalonia]], [[Spain]], primarily known for its medieval [[Pont del Diable|Devil's bridge]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mascatalunya.com/en/routes/devil-bridge-catalunya/|title=We have sold our soul to the devil!: Devil's bridge in Catalunya - LiveCatalunya|date=2014-10-21|work=LiveCatalunya|access-date=2017-09-26|language=en-US}}</ref> It lies at the confluence of the [[Llobregat]] and [[Anoia River|Anoia]] rivers.

It has three railway stations - one on the [[Renfe]] line from [[Manresa]] to [[Sant Vicenç de Calders]] (via Barcelona and [[Vilafranca del Penedès]]) called "Martorell", and three on the [[Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya|FGC]] line from Barcelona to Manresa called "Martorell-Vila", "Martorell-Enllaç" and "Martorell-Central".

Martorell is home to the [[SEAT]] corporate headquarters<ref>"[http://www.seat.com/content/com/com/en/tools/navigation/meta/legal-note/legal-note.html Legal Note] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206165622/http://www.seat.com/content/com/com/en/tools/navigation/meta/legal-note/legal-note.html |date=2015-02-06 }}." SEAT. Retrieved on 20 November 2012. "Autovía A-2, Km 585 – 08760 Martorell"</ref> and automobile factory,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.therecord.com/news-story/7480332-spain-s-economy-is-bouncing-back/|title=Spain's economy is bouncing back {{!}} TheRecord.com|last=Goodman|first=Peter S.|date=2017-07-31|work=TheRecord.com|access-date=2017-09-26|language=en-CA}}</ref> where the SEAT Ibiza, Leon, Arona and Audi A1 are manufactured.

==History==
Archaeological findings indicate human presence in the Llobregat Valley dating back to the Neolithic period, as well as the existence of Iberian settlements.<ref>[https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/opar-2020-0153/html Models of Neolithisation of Northeastern Iberian Peninsula]</ref> The area also saw the presence of Carthaginian settlements, who were the first to build a bridge over the Llobregat River. The Romans occupied the territory as early as the 2nd century BC, and Martorell later became a key point along the Via Augusta, which crossed the river via the so-called Pont del Diable, a Roman bridge that still stands today. Roman rule was followed by Visigothic domination from the 4th century onward, as evidenced by the remains of a paleochristian church and a necropolis in Santa Margarida, which confirm the spread of Christianity in the 5th century.<ref>[https://www.turismebaixllobregat.com/en/town/martorell El Baix Llobregat, Municipis. Martorell]</ref>

Sparsely inhabited for centuries, the area saw significant population growth in the late 9th century, and by 878, a settlement had been established on the right bank of the Llobregat. The first recorded mention of Martorell dates back to 1032, when the region was under the rule of the Castelvell family before passing to the Moncada lineage. In 1344, Roger Bernard III of Foix granted Martorell the status of a municipality. In the early 15th century, the town suffered the consequences of the succession struggles between the House of Foix and King Martin I of Aragon.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-king-of-Aragon-and-Sicily Martin King of Aragon and Sicily]</ref>

During the Guerra dels Segadors, Martorell became the headquarters of the troops defending Barcelona. In 1641, the town was besieged and destroyed by the forces of the Marquis de los Vélez. After being rebuilt, it was devastated once again in 1652 by a severe plague epidemic that swept through much of Europe. In 1714, the Castle of Rosades was occupied, and its Torre de l'Homenatge was blown up. The early 19th century brought further turmoil with the war against the French, during which Napoleon's troops plundered the town. The following decades were marked by Spain's political instability, which saw three civil wars, seven different constitutions, seven monarchs, a change of dynasty, multiple military coups, and a short-lived republic lasting just one year—all of which had a lasting impact on Martorell.<ref>[https://www.turismebaixllobregat.com/en/town/martorell Martorell]</ref>

== Demography ==
{| class="wikitable" 
|-
! width="15%" | 1900
! width="15%" | 1930
! width="15%" | 1950
! width="15%" | 1970
! width="15%" | 1986
! width="15%" | 2002
! width="15%" | 2013
|-
| align="center" | 3221
| align="center" | 4972
| align="center" | 5887
| align="center" | 13,086
| align="center" | 16,170
| align="center" | 24,549
| align="center" | 28,108
|-
|}

== Climate ==
{{Weather box
|location = Martorell <small>(data from 1964-1970)</small>
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 11.6
|Feb high C = 12.8
|Mar high C = 16.3
|Apr high C = 20.7
|May high C = 25.8
|Jun high C = 29.5
|Jul high C = 33.0
|Aug high C = 31.3
|Sep high C = 26.3
|Oct high C = 21.2
|Nov high C = 15.0
|Dec high C = 10.8
|year high C = 21.2
|Jan mean C = 6.8
|Feb mean C = 7.6
|Mar mean C = 10.4
|Apr mean C = 14.1
|May mean C = 18.4
|Jun mean C = 21.9
|Jul mean C = 25.4
|Aug mean C = 24.8
|Sep mean C = 20.8
|Oct mean C = 16.2
|Nov mean C = 10.2
|Dec mean C = 6.6
|year mean C = 15.3
|Jan low C = 2.1
|Feb low C = 2.4
|Mar low C = 4.6
|Apr low C = 7.5
|May low C = 11.1
|Jun low C = 14.3
|Jul low C = 17.9
|Aug low C = 18.4
|Sep low C = 15.4
|Oct low C = 11.1
|Nov low C = 5.5
|Dec low C = 2.5
|year low C = 9.4
|source 1 = Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.ucm.es/info/cif/station/es-marto.htm
 |title=ESP BARCELONA - MARTORELL
 }}</ref>
|date=September 2012}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). ''Guia de Catalunya'', Barcelona: Caixa de Catalunya. {{ISBN|84-87135-01-3}} (Spanish). {{ISBN|84-87135-02-1}} (Catalan).

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://aplicacions.municat.gencat.cat/index.php?page=consulta&mostraEns=0811410007 Government data pages] {{in lang|ca}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Martorell
|N  = [[Abrera]]
|NE = 
|E  = [[Castellbisbal]]
|SE = [[Sant Andreu de la Barca]]
|S  = 
|SW = [[Castellví de Rosanes]]
|W  = [[Sant Esteve Sesrovires]]
|NW = 
}}
{{FGC line R6|station_name=Martorell-Enllaç}}

{{Baix Llobregat}}
{{Municipalities in Barcelona}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Municipalities in Baix Llobregat]]