View source for Maurice Garin

{{Short description|French cyclist (1871–1957)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox cyclist
| name = Maurice Garin
| image = Maurice Garin Meurisse BNF Gallica.jpg
| caption = 
| fullname = Maurice-François Garin
| nickname = ''Le petit ramoneur''<br/>(The Little Chimney-sweep)
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1871|03|03}}
| birth_place = [[Arvier]], [[Aosta Valley]], [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1957|02|19|1871|03|03}}
| death_place = [[Lens, Pas-de-Calais|Lens]], [[France]]<ref name="Ethno62"/>
| height = {{height|m=1.62}}
| weight = {{convert|60|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
| currentteam = 
| discipline = Road and track
| role = Rider
| ridertype = Distance rider
| amateuryears1 = 1892
| amateurteam1 = Maubeuge cycling club
| proyears1 = 1893–1904
| proteam1 = La Française
| proyears2 = 1911
| proteam2 = La Française
| majorwins = '''[[Grand Tour (cycling)|Grand Tours]]'''
:'''[[Tour de France]]'''
::'''[[General classification in the Tour de France|General classification]]''' ([[1903 Tour de France|1903]])
::3 individual stages ([[1903 Tour de France|1903]])
'''[[Classic cycle races|One-day races and Classics]]''' <br />
:[[Paris–Roubaix]] ([[1897 Paris-Roubaix|1897]], [[1898 Paris-Roubaix|1898]])
:[[Paris–Brest–Paris]] (1901)
:[[Bordeaux–Paris]] (1902)
| medaltemplates = 
}}

'''Maurice-François Garin'''<ref name="TransAlpine">{{cite web|url=http://www.transalplivre.eu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=30|title=Wikipedia}}{{Dead link|date=March 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ({{IPA|fr|mɔʁis fʁɑ̃swa ɡaʁɛ̃, moʁ-|pron}}; 3 March 1871{{cn|date=March 2024}} – 19 February 1957)<ref name="MemDuCyc">{{cite web|url=http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/palmares/garin_maurice.php |title=memoire-du-cyclisme.net |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201180916/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/palmares/garin_maurice.php |archive-date=1 December 2008 }}</ref> was an Italian-French [[road bicycle racer]] best known for winning the inaugural [[1903 Tour de France|Tour de France in 1903]], and for being stripped of his title in the [[1904 Tour de France|second Tour in 1904]] along with eight others, for cheating.<ref name="Unknown TdF"/><ref name="Chany p54"/><ref name="Chany p60"/> He was of&nbsp;Italian&nbsp;origin but adopted&nbsp;French&nbsp;nationality on 21 December 1901.

==Family life==
[[File:Fotoarvier.jpg|thumb|[[Arvier]], in the [[Aosta Valley]], the birthplace of Maurice Garin]]

Garin was born the son of Maurice-Clément Garin and Maria Teresa Ozello in [[Arvier]], in the French-speaking [[Aosta Valley]] in north-west [[Italy]], close to the French border. The name Garin was the most common in the native village of Maurice, called "Chez-les-Garin",<ref name="LesAmisPaRou">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20131012070028/http://www.lesamisdeparisroubaix.com/Manifs%2004%20page.htm Les Amis de Paris-Roubaix, Manifestations, 3rd Mars, 2004, Hommage à Maurice Garin]}}</ref> belonging to five of the seven families.<ref name="JouDuDi"/> They had four daughters and five sons, of whom Maurice was the first son.<ref name="JouDuDi">Journal du Dimanche, France, 29 June 2003</ref>

In 1885 the family left Arvier to work on the other side of the [[Alps]], almost to the Belgian border.{{Clarify|reason=Belgium is part of the lowlands... Almost 300 kms from the Alps - this does not normally describe "other side of the Alps".|date=July 2019}}

Garin worked as a chimney sweep.<ref name="LePays"/> He later moved to France. By the age of 15, he was living in [[Reims]] as a chimney sweep.<ref name="JouDuDi"/><ref name="LePays">[http://www.lepays.net/jdj/01/02/20/MA/1/article_1.html Journal L'Alsace-Le Pays, 20 February 2001, Profile of Maurice Garin] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051101171129/http://www.lepays.net/jdj/01/02/20/MA/1/article_1.html |date=1 November 2005 }}</ref> He moved to [[Charleroi]] in [[Belgium]] but by 1889 he was back in France, at [[Maubeuge]].

Garin's younger brother, Joseph-Isidore, died in 1889. The father died shortly afterwards in Arvier. Garin's brothers François and César stayed in northern France and, with Maurice, opened a cycle shop in the lower end of the boulevard de Paris<ref name="LesAmisPaRou"/> in [[Roubaix]] in 1895. Brothers [[César Garin|César]] and [[Ambroise Garin|Ambroise]] also competed as professional cyclists.

Garin moved to [[Lens, Pas-de-Calais]] in 1902 and lived there the rest of his life.<ref name="JouDuDi"/><ref name="LePays"/> He bought his first bicycle for 405 francs, twice what a forge worker would earn in a week of 12-hour days, in 1889.<ref name="LePays"/> Racing did not interest him but he did ride round the town fast enough to be called a madman – ''le fou''.<ref name="LePays"/>

Until 2004, it was said that Garin had taken French nationality when he was 21, in 1892<ref name="MemDuCyc"/><ref name="JouDuDi"/> but in 2004, the reporter Franco Cuaz found the naturalizing act and Garin took French nationality 21 December 1901.<ref>[http://www.lepetitbraquet.fr/chron54_maurice-garin.html Coup de chapeau à... Maurice Garin].</ref>

==Amateur racing==
He began racing in northern France in the same year when the secretary of the cycling club at Maubeuge persuaded him to enter a regional race, [[Maubeuge]]-[[Hirson]]-Maubeuge, over 200&nbsp;km. Garin finished fifth despite suffering from the sun<ref name="LePays"/> and decided to ride more.

His first win was in 1893, in [[Namur]]-[[Dinant]]-[[Givet]] in [[Belgium]]. He had sold his first bike and bought a lighter one – still 16&nbsp;kg but with pneumatic tyres – for 850 old French francs (approx €3,000 at 2008 values).<ref name="French Franc conversion">This [[French franc#Latin Monetary Union|Chart showing Value of French franc in Euros]] says that 1 French franc was worth circa 3.5 Euros around 1900.</ref> The race was over 102&nbsp;km. He was leading by Dinant when he punctured. Spotting a [[soigneur]] waiting with a spare bike for a rival, Garin rested his own against the wall of a bridge, grabbed the soigneur's spare bike and rode off. At the finish, winning with ten minutes over the field, he gave back the bike and recovered his own the next day where he had left it.

==Professional racing==
Garin became a professional by chance. He planned to ride a race at [[Arrondissement of Avesnes-sur-Helpe|Avesnes-sur-Helpes]], 25&nbsp;km from where he lived. He arrived to find it was only for professionals. Not allowed to compete, he waited until the riders had left, raced after them and passed them all. He fell off twice but finished ahead of the racers. The crowd was enthusiastic but the organisers less so. They refused to pay him the 150 francs (approx €525 at 2008 values)<ref name="French Franc conversion"/> due to the real winner, so spectators raised 300 francs (approx €1,050 at 2008 values)<ref name="French Franc conversion"/> among themselves. Garin became a professional.

His first true professional win was in a 24-hour race in Paris in 1893.<ref group="n">Races at the time were largely of extremes, velodrome races being short sprints or paced behind motorcycles, road races becoming ever-longer trials of endurance which culminated in the Tour de France, which Garin won</ref> It was held on the [[Champ de Mars]], site of the [[Eiffel Tower]]. The riders competed, as was the custom, behind a succession of pacers. The event took place in February and the cold drove out riders one after the other. Garin rode 701&nbsp;km in 24 hours, beating the only other rider to finish by 49&nbsp;km. While other riders would consume much strong red wine, Garin chose a more apt diet, and said he had survived on:<ref name="LePays"/> 
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*19L hot chocolate
*7L tea
*mixed champagne/coffee
*5L [[tapioca]]
*2kg rice
*45 cutlets
*8 hardboiled eggs
*oysters
{{div col end}}

In 1894 he won a 24-hour race in [[Liège]], Belgium, and the following year set an [[hour record]] for cycling behind pacers.

[[File:Paris-Brest-Paris.jpg|thumb|200px|1901 Advertisement with Paris–Brest–Paris winner Maurice Garin for "La Française"]]

The first [[Paris–Roubaix]] was in 1896; Garin came third, 15 minutes behind [[Josef Fischer (cyclist)|Josef Fischer]]. He would have come second had he not been knocked over by a crash between two tandems, one of them ridden by his pacers. Garin "finished exhausted and Dr Butrille was obliged to attend the man who had been run over by two machines," said the race historian, Pascal Sergent.<ref name="Sergent">Sergent, Pascal (1997), trans Yates, D., ''A Century of Paris–Roubaix'', Bromley Books, UK, {{ISBN|0953172902}}</ref>

In 1897 he won Paris–Roubaix, beating the Dutchman [[Mathieu Cordang]] in the last two kilometres of the [[velodrome]] at [[Roubaix]].<ref group="n">In 2004 ''Les Amis de Paris–Roubaix'' marked Garin's victories in the Paris–Roubaix event by placing a [[cobblestone]] – traditional trophy for winners of the race, on his grave. See {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20131012070028/http://www.lesamisdeparisroubaix.com/Manifs%2004%20page.htm Les Amis de Paris–Roubaix, Manifestations, 3rd Mars, 2004, Hommage à Maurice Garin]}}</ref> Sergent said:

<blockquote>As the two champions appeared they were greeted by a frenzy of excitement and everyone was on their feet to acclaim the two heroes. It was difficult to recognise them. Garin was first, followed by the mud-soaked figure of Cordang. Suddenly, to the stupefaction of everyone, Cordang slipped and fell on the velodrome's cement surface. Garin could not believe his luck. By the time Cordang was back on his bike, he had lost 100 metres. There remained six laps to cover. Two miserable kilometres in which to catch Garin. The crowd held its breath as they watched the incredible pursuit match. The bell rang out. One lap, there remained one lap. 333 metres for Garin, who had a lead of 30 metres on the Batave.</blockquote>

<blockquote>A classic victory was within his grasp but he could almost feel his adversary's breath on his neck. Somehow Garin held on to his lead of two metres, two little metres for a legendary victory. The stands exploded and the ovation united the two men. Garin exulted under the cheers of the crowd. Cordang cried bitter tears of disappointment.<ref name="Sergent"/></blockquote>

In 1898 he won Paris–Roubaix again, this time by 20 minutes, and in 1901 he won the second edition of [[Paris–Brest–Paris]], finishing almost two hours ahead of [[Gaston Rivierre]] after covering 1,208&nbsp;km in 52h 11m 1s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.paris-brest-paris.org/FR/index.php?showpage=231 |title=Site officiel du Paris Brest Paris 2007 |publisher=Paris-brest-paris.org |access-date=2 October 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071011165556/http://www.paris-brest-paris.org/FR/index.php?showpage=231 |archive-date = 11 October 2007}}</ref> He started by chasing another Frenchman, Lucien Lesna, who rode the first 600&nbsp;km at 28km/h and had two hours' lead at [[Brest, France|Brest]]. At [[Rennes]] he stopped for a bath to recover from the tiredness, filth and heat, then found he could not get racing again into the headwind. Garin passed him at [[Mayenne]] and Lesna gave up shortly afterwards with 200&nbsp;km to go. Garin finished 19h 11m  better than [[Charles Terront]] ten years earlier.<ref>Chany, Pierre (1988), La Fabuleuse Histoire de Cyclisme, vol 1, Nathan, France, p. 162</ref>

In 1902 Garin won [[Bordeaux–Paris]], a race of 500&nbsp;km from south-west France.

==Tour de France==

===1903 Tour de France===
[[File:Garin03winner.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Garin with his masseur and son in 1903]]
The [[1903 Tour de France|Tour de France]] began to promote a new daily sports newspaper, ''[[L'Auto]]'' ahead of the largest paper in France, ''[[Le Vélo]]'',<ref>Boeuf, Jean-Luc, and Léonard, Yves (2003), La République du Tour de France, Seuil, France, p. 23</ref> which sold 80,000 copies a day.<ref>Nicholson, Geoffrey (1991) ''Le Tour, the rise and rise of the Tour de France'', Hodder and Stoughton, UK</ref> Some of ''Le Vélo''{{'}}s advertisers had disagreed with the paper's support for [[Alfred Dreyfus]], a soldier found guilty on trumped up charges of selling secrets to the Germans but eventually acquitted after being sent to [[Devil's Island]].<ref>Boeuf, Jean-Luc and Léonard, Yves (2003); La République de Tour de France, Seuil, France</ref>  The Tour was to promote their new rival paper, ''L'Auto''.

The editor, [[Henri Desgrange]], planned a five-week race from 31 May to 5 July. This proved too daunting and only 15 entered. Desgrange cut the length to 19 days and offered a daily allowance.

The race began at the Au Reveil Matin café at a crossroads in [[Montgeron]], south of Paris, and ended in Ville-d'Avray, another suburb, having circuited France in six days of racing over 2,428&nbsp;km. One stage, between [[Nantes]] and Paris, was 471&nbsp;km. Sixty riders started at an entry fee of 10 francs – €87.50 today with [[inflation]]<ref>Wheatcroft, Geoffrey (2003), 'Le Tour: a history of the Tour de France, 1903–2003', Pocket Books, UK</ref>  – and 21 finished. Garin won 3,000 [[franc]]s<ref>Augendre, Jacques (1996), Le Tour de France, Panorama d'un Siècle, Société du Tour de France, France, p7; for comparison, a kilo of bread cost 40 centimes</ref> (approx €10,500 at 2008 values)<ref name="French Franc conversion"/> for finishing first in 94h 33m 14s, or 6,125 francs (approx €21,500 at 2008 values)<ref name="French Franc conversion"/> in all with his other prizes.<ref>Chany, Pierre (1988), ''La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France'', La Martinière, France, p. 45</ref> [[Lucien Pothier]] was second and [[Fernand Augereau]] third.

[[Pierre Chany]] wrote:
<blockquote>In the town which adopted Maurice Garin, at Lens, an immense procession was organised with the participation of all the notables of the region. Before leaving Paris on Monday evening, the day after the race finished, the winner paid a visit, out of politeness, to Henri Desgrange and, in a gesture without precedent, pulled a sheet of paper from his pocket. It was an article 'in order to simplify the interview', he explained! There he gave his feelings during the race, gave his opinion on the formula by which the race was run, gave a word of congratulation to his rivals.<ref name="Chany p46">Chany, Pierre (1988), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, La Martinière, France, p. 46</ref></blockquote>

Garin's written note said:

{{blockquote|The 2,500 km that I've just ridden  seem a long line, grey and monotonous, where nothing stood out from anything else. But I suffered on the road; I was hungry, I was thirsty, I was sleepy, I suffered, I cried between Lyon and Marseille, I had the pride of winning other stages, and at the controls I saw the fine figure of my friend Delattre, who had prepared my sustenance, but I repeat, nothing strikes me particularly.<ref name="Chany p46"/>}}

{{blockquote|But wait! I'm completely wrong when I say that nothing strikes me, I'm confusing things or explaining myself badly. I must say that one single thing struck me, that a single thing sticks in my memory: I see myself, from the start of the Tour de France, like a bull pierced by banderillas,<ref group="n">Banderillas –  the spears used to aggravate animals in a bull-fight</ref> who pulls the banderillas with him, never able to rid himself of them.<ref name="Chany p46"/>}}

===1904 Tour de France===
{{Quote box
| quote = Of the 1904 race, Edward Boeglin asked:<br />
Was Garin the subject of an injustice? It's not impossible. But the rigour of the sanctions can be explained by the discredit into which professional cycling had (already!) fallen. An example had to be made of a champion.<br />Garin was incontestably the strongest rider of the period, so he was first choice. He was 34. The suspension for two years ... broke his career. We never again saw him at the front of the [[peloton]] 'this little and stubborn rider of formidable consistency ... who won all the races that mattered', <br />... "this rider, intelligent, crafty, instinctive and calculating,<br /> ... the little chimney sweep from Arvier, in the Aoste valley near [[Mont Blanc]]'
| source = Edouard Boeglin, Franco Cuaz.<ref name="LePays"/><ref name="Cuaz">Garin. Il ciclismo di un secolo fa. (The cycling of a century ago). Musumeci, 1997.</ref>
| width  = 25%
 | align  =right
}}
Garin also won the [[1904 Tour de France]], by a small margin over [[Lucien Pothier]], but was subsequently stripped of the title which was awarded to [[Henri Cornet]]. The race aroused a passion among spectators, who felled trees to hold back rivals and beat up others at night outside [[St-Étienne]].<ref name="Chany p60">Chany, Pierre (1986), La Fabuleuse Histoire de Cyclisme, La Martinière, France, p. 60</ref> Garin was one of the mob's victims. Pierre Chany wrote:

<blockquote>In the climb of the [[col de la République]], leaving St-Étienne, supporters of the regional rider, Faure, assault the Italian, Gerbi. He is thrown to the ground, beaten like plaster. He escapes with a broken finger...<ref name="Chany p60"/></blockquote>

<blockquote>... A bunch of fanatics wielded sticks and shouted insults, setting on the other riders: Maurice and César Garin got a succession of blows, the older brother [Maurice] was hit in the face with a stone. Soon there was general mayhem: "Up with Faure! Down with Garin! Kill them!" they were shouting. Finally cars arrived and the riders could get going thanks to pistol shots. The aggressors disappeared into the night.<ref name="Chany p60"/></blockquote>

Garin said: "I'll win the Tour de France provided I'm not murdered before we get to Paris."<ref>Chany, Pierre (1986), ''La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France'', La Martinière, France, p. 61</ref><ref>Chany, Pierre (1986), ''La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France'', vol. 1, La Martinière, France, p. 181</ref>

Misbehaviour was rife too between riders and nine were thrown out during the race for, among other things, riding in or being pulled by cars.<ref name="Chany p54">Chany, Pierre (1986), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, La Martinière, France, pp.&nbsp;54–55</ref> There were claims, too, that the organisers had allowed Garin to break rules – at one stage being given food where it was not permitted by its chief official – because his sponsor, La Française, had a financial stake in the race.<ref>Chany, Pierre (1986), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, La Martinière, France, p. 62</ref>

The [[French cycling union]], the Union Vélocipédique Française, heard from dozens of competitors and witnesses and in December disqualified all the stage winners and the first four finishers: Garin, Pothier, [[César Garin]], and [[Hippolyte Aucouturier]].<ref>Augendre, Jacques (1996), Le Tour de France, Panorama d'un Siècle, Société du Tour de France, France, p. 8</ref> The UVF did not say precisely what had happened<ref>Chany, Pierre (1986), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, La Martinière, France, p. 65</ref> and the details were lost when Tour archives were transported south in 1940 to avoid the German invasion and never seen again. Stories spread of riders spreading tacks on the road to delay rivals with punctures, of riders being poisoned by each other or by rival fans. Lucien Petit-Breton said he complained to an official that he had seen a rival hanging on to a motorcycle, only to have the cheating rider pull out a [[revolver]].<ref>Chany, Pierre (1988), La Fabuleuse Histoire du Tour de France, vol 1, Nathan, France, p. 184</ref>

Tales were also said to include 'Garin taking a train', a claim confirmed by a cemetery attendant looking after his grave who, as a boy, heard Garin tell his stories as an old man.<ref name="Unknown TdF"/> In December 1904 Garin was stripped of his title and banned for two years.<ref name="Unknown TdF"/>

==Retirement==
Garin retired from cycling and ran his garage in Lens until his death. The garage is still there, although wholly changed from Garin's era. An unnamed writer recalled:

<blockquote>I remember Maurice Garin well. I met him and talked to him almost every day because we lived in the same area, 200 m from each other, at Lens. ''Le Père Garin'', as my father and grandfather called him<ref group="n">''Père'' – father – is a dated mark of respect</ref> used to bring out a chair in fine weather and sit in the doorway of the little office of the service station he owned at 116 rue de Lille in  Lens, under the sign for Antar fuel and oil. My barber was in the neighbouring house and I used to go there once a month to have a [[crew cut]], [''couper en brosse''] which was the fashion in those days. My friends and I were aged seven to ten and on our one-speed bikes we used to pin numbers on our back... and we never missed riding past Maurice Garin in a tight group so that he would see. It's strange that nobody thought to take a picture of me, the little kid, alongside the first great champion of the biggest race in the world. But life's like that.<ref name="Grincheux"/></blockquote>

<blockquote>Maurice Garin was far from an adulated hero, even less a rich champion (he spent his retirement running the service station), and I don't remember any special celebration in his honour. Television crews didn't come from home and abroad to interview him. [They showed no interest] until he died in 1957. And the rue de Lille, where he lived, still hasn't been renamed the rue Maurice Garin.<ref name="Grincheux">[http://grincheux.typepad.com/weblog/2006/07/tour-de-france-.html Grincheux Grave, 1st juillet 2006,  Tour de France, Memories of Maurice Garin] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326205733/http://grincheux.typepad.com/weblog/2006/07/tour-de-france-.html |date=26 March 2009 }}</ref></blockquote>

Garin kept his interest in cycling. He returned just once to his birthplace, in 1949, to see the Tour pass through. He began a professional team under his name after the [[Second World War]]. The Dutchman Piet van Est won Bordeaux–Paris in 1950 and 1952 in the team's red and white jersey. On the Tour's 50th anniversary in 1953, Garin was among several old stars waiting at the finish as part of a celebration.

==Death and commemoration==
{{Quote box
| quote  = He is buried in a family grave with his wife Desirée. The inscription on the headstone says: <br />[[File:Tombe de la famille Garin.jpg|thumb|90px]]'''Familles Brot, Garin et Darnet.'''<br />Desirée Maille (1890–1952),<br /> — Épouse de<br />Maurice Garin (1871–1957)<br />Mme Vve Marie Brot, (1863–1948)<br /> Henri Darnet (1905–1970)<br />Denise Darnet (1904–1982)
| source = 'Cimetière Est' (section F3), [[Sallaumines]], near Lens<ref name="Unknown TdF">''The Unknown Tour de France'', by Les Woodland. Van der Plas Publications. {{ISBN|1-892495-26-0}}</ref>
| width = 33%
 | align  =right
}}
In 1933 the Stade Vélodrome Maurice Garin was built in Lens, and named in his honour.<ref name="Ethno62">{{cite web|url=http://ethno62.free.fr/pages/page.php?&id=578&num=1|title=Culture et traditions dans le Pas-de-Calais}}</ref><ref group="n">The "Stade Vélodrome Maurice Garin" was razed and rebuilt in 1990, and re-opened by the Minister of Youths and Sports [[Roger Bambuck]]. It was again due for demolition in 2007 as part of the 'Lens Louvre' reconstruction project</ref>

In 1938 Garin was awarded the gold medal of Physical Education by the Minister of Sport for France, Leo Lagrange.<ref name="TransAlpine"/>

Garin is remembered as a short, determined man, even authoritarian. As an old man he became confused. His biographer, Franco Cuaz, said:
<blockquote>... He [Garin] wandered through Lens asking "Where is the control? Where is the control?" as his mind brought back images of the hotels where riders signed check sheets in the first Tours.<ref name="LePays"/><ref name="Cuaz"/></blockquote>

<blockquote> ... He regularly ended up at the town's police station, from where he was escorted back home. Often he was far from home, without knowing where he was or where he was going.<ref name="JouDuDi"/><ref name="Cuaz"/></blockquote>

In 2003 a street was named after him in [[Maubeuge]] on the 100th anniversary of his 1903 win in the Tour de France.

In 2004 ''Les Amis de Paris–Roubaix'' placed a [[cobblestone]] on his grave, a traditional trophy for winners of the Paris–Roubaix race.<ref name="LesAmisPaRou"/>

In Arvier, the village in Italy where he was born, there is a monument in his honour. His biographer, Franco Cuaz, said: "Every year, the municipality sends me French people who want to see the house where he was born. It's like a [[pilgrimage]]."<ref name="JouDuDi"/>

==Career achievements==
<small>Source: {{cycling archives|2946}}</small>

===Major results===
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
;1893
: [[Dinant]]-[[Namur]]-Dinant
: Paris 80km (vélodrome)
;1894
: [[Liège]] 24hr (vélodrome)
: Paris-[[Saint-Malo]]
;1895
: 24hr Arts libéraux de Paris (vélodrome)
: [[Guingamp]]-[[Morlaix]]-Guingamp
: World record 500km behind human pacer on the road 15h 2m 32s
;1896
: Paris-[[Le Mans]]
: Paris-[[Mons, Belgium|Mons]]
: [[Liège]]-[[Thuin]]
: 3rd [[1896 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
;1897
: Paris–Roubaix
: Paris-[[Royan]]
: Paris-[[Cabourg]]
: [[Tourcoing]]-[[Béthune]]-Tourcoing
;1898
: [[1898 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
: Tourcoing-Béthune-Tourcoing
: [[Valenciennes]]-[[Nouvion]]-Valenciennes
: [[Douai]]-[[Doullens]]-Douai
: 50km [[Ostend]] (vélodrome)
: 2nd [[Bordeaux–Paris]]
;1899
: 3rd Bordeaux–Paris
: 3rd Bol d'Or (vélodrome)
;1900
: 2nd Bordeaux–Paris
: 2nd d Bol d'Or
: 3rd [[1900 Paris–Roubaix|Paris–Roubaix]]
;1901
: [[Paris–Brest–Paris]]
;1902
: Bordeaux–Paris
;1903
:[[1903 Tour de France|Tour de France]]
::[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]]Winner overall classification<ref group="n">The yellow jersey image is symbolic, it was not used in the Tour de France before either 1913 or 1919. Garin wore a green armband.</ref>
::Winner 3 stages
{{div col end}}

===Grand Tour general classification results timeline===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!align="left"|Grand Tour
! scope="col" | 1903
! scope="col" | 1904
|-
![[Tour de France]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#0f0;"| 1
| style="text-align:center; background:#000; color:#fff;"| DSQ
|-
![[Giro d'Italia]]
| style="text-align:center; color:#888888;"| N/A
| style="text-align:center; color:#888888;"| N/A
|-
![[Vuelta a España]]
| style="text-align:center; color:#888888;"| N/A
| style="text-align:center; color:#888888;"| N/A
|}

{{grandtourlegend}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=n|30em}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{cycling archives|2946}}

{{Tour de France general classification winners}}
{{Paris–Roubaix winners}}
{{UCI Hall of Fame}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garin, Maurice}}
[[Category:1871 births]]
[[Category:1957 deaths]]
[[Category:French male cyclists]]
[[Category:French Tour de France stage winners]]
[[Category:Italian emigrants to France]]
[[Category:Cyclists from Aosta Valley]]
[[Category:Tour de France winners]]
[[Category:Ultra-distance cyclists]]
[[Category:Italian male cyclists]]
[[Category:Cyclists stripped of Tour de France titles]]
[[Category:Naturalized citizens of France]]