View source for McLaren F1

{{Short description|British sports car designed and manufactured by McLaren Automotive}}
{{For|the Formula One team|McLaren}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox automobile
| name = McLaren F1
| image = 1996 McLaren F1 Chassis No 63 6.1 Front.jpg
| caption = McLaren F1 chassis #063, built in 1997
| manufacturer = [[McLaren Automotive|McLaren Cars]]
| production = 1992–1998<ref>{{cite web | url=https://mclaren.drive.place/f1/i/group_coupe/409096 | title=McLaren F1 I 6.1 MT 627 hp Coupe — specifications }}</ref>
| assembly = United Kingdom: [[Woking]], [[Surrey]], [[England]]
| designer = {{unbulleted list
|[[Gordon Murray]]
|[[Peter Stevens (car designer)|Peter Stevens]]
|[[Paul Rosche]] (engine designer) (BMW)
}}
| class = [[Sports car]] ([[S-segment|S]])<!-- per [[WP:CARCLASS]], this should not be changed to "supercar or hypercar" -->
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]
| powerout = {{convert|461|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}<br/>{{convert|650|Nm|0|abbr=on}} of torque
| doors = [[Butterfly doors]]
| related = {{unbulleted list 
|[[McLaren F1 GTR]]
|[[#F1 LM|McLaren F1 LM]]
|[[#F1 GT|McLaren F1 GT]]
}}
| layout = [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive]]
| engine = {{convert|6064|cc|L|1|abbr=on|order=flip}} ''[[BMW S70/2]]'' [[V12 engine|V12]]
| transmission = 6-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]
| wheelbase = {{convert|2718|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|4287|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|1820|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|1140|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|1140|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} dry<br/>{{convert|1260|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} kerb
| successor = {{unbulleted list 
| [[McLaren 12C]] (Direct Successor from just McLaren)
||[[Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren]] (Direct Successor in collaboration with [[Mercedes-Benz Group|Mercedes]])
|[[McLaren P1]] (McLaren Ultimate Series)<ref>{{Cite web|title=The McLaren F1 redefined the very concept of the supercar when it was launched in 1993. Its spiritual successor, the P1™, would do the same 20 years later|url=https://cars.mclaren.com/en/legacy/mclaren-p1/inspiration|website=McLaren|language=en-US}}</ref>
|[[McLaren Speedtail]] (Spiritual Successor from McLaren)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gastelu|first=Gary|date=2018-10-26|title=The $2.1 million McLaren Speedtail is sold out, even though it's barely street legal|url=https://www.foxnews.com/auto/the-2-1-million-mclaren-speedtail-was-built-for-well-the-name-says-it-all|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref>
|[[Gordon Murray Automotive T.50]] (Spiritual Successor from [[Gordon Murray]])<ref>{{Cite web|last=Szymkowski|first=Sean|title=Gordon Murray T50 reveal: Watch the McLaren F1 spiritual successor's debut|url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/gordon-murray-t50-reveal-how-to-watch-mclaren-f1/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Roadshow|language=en}}</ref><!-- Please note that the T.50 is not acknowledged by the people of McLaren -->
}}
| sp = uk
| predecessor = [[McLaren M6A|McLaren M6GT]]
}}
The '''McLaren F1''' is a [[sports car]] that was the first [[Motor vehicle type approval|type approved]] road-going car manufactured by British [[Formula One]] team [[McLaren]].<ref>After maybe a handful of closed-cockpit [[McLaren M6A|McLaren M6 GT]]s, intended for [[Group 4 (racing)|FIA Group&nbsp;4]] homologation (for the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]]) were built in 1970, of which just two units were later converted to road cars, via British [[Single vehicle approval]], with help from [[Trojan (Racing team)|Trojan Racing]].</ref> It was the last road-legal, series-produced sportscar to win the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] race outright,<ref>defeating even 'sport prototype' cars, solely designed and legal for running in such [[Endurance racing (motorsport)|endurance races]].</ref> as well as being recognised as the world's fastest 'production car' when launched. The original concept, by leading technical designer [[Gordon Murray]], convinced then head of McLaren [[Ron Dennis]], to support McLaren leaping into manufacturing road-going sportscars. Car designer [[Peter Stevens (car designer)|Peter Stevens]] was hired to do the car's exterior and interior styling.

To manufacture the F1, McLaren Cars (now [[McLaren Automotive]]) was set up; and [[BMW]] was contracted to develop and make [[BMW S70/2]] V12 engines, specifically and exclusively limited for use in the F1. The car had numerous proprietary designs and technologies. As one of the first sportscars with a fully [[Carbon-fiber reinforced polymer|carbon-fibre]] [[monocoque]] body and chassis structure, it is both lighter and more streamlined than many later competitors, despite the F1 having seats for three adults. An unconventional seating layout, with the driver's seat front and centre, and two passenger seats (on the driver's left and right), gives the driver improved visibility. Murray conceived the F1 as an exercise in creating 'the ultimate road-going sportscar', in the spirit of [[Bruce McLaren]]'s original plans for the [[McLaren M6A|M6&nbsp;GT]].

Production began in 1992 and ended in 1998; in all, 106 cars were manufactured, with some variations in the design.<ref name="F1_PRODUCTION">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_production.htm |title=McLaren Automotive – Production |publisher=mclarenautomotive.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213011041/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_production.htm |archive-date=13 February 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> Although not originally designed as a race car, modified racing versions of the car won several races, including the [[1995 24 Hours of Le Mans]].

On 31 March 1998, the XP5 prototype with a modified rev limiter set the [[Guinness World Records|Guinness World Record]] for the [[List of fastest production cars|world's fastest production car]], reaching {{convert|240.1|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite book |title=Guinness World Records 2002 |date=2002 |publisher=Guinness World Records, Limited |isbn=978-1-892051-06-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec00guin_1 |url-access=registration |access-date=25 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref> surpassing the [[Jaguar XJ220]]'s {{cvt|217.1|mph|km/h|1|abbr=on}} record from 1992 achieved with an increased rev limit and catalytic converters removed.

== Critical reception, accolades ==
In 1994, the British car magazine [[Autocar (magazine)|''Autocar'']] stated in a road test regarding the F1, "The McLaren F1 is the finest driving machine yet built for the public road." They further stated, "The F1 will be remembered as one of the great events in the history of the car, and it may possibly be the fastest production road car the world will ever see."<ref name = "AUTOCAR"/> In 2005, [[Channel 4]] placed the car at number one on their list of the 100 greatest cars, calling it "the greatest automotive achievement of all time". In popular culture, the McLaren F1 has earned its spot as 'The greatest automobile ever created' and 'The Most Excellent Sports Car of All Time' amongst a wide variety of car enthusiasts and lovers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.channel4.com/4car/100-greatest/results/winner.html|title=100 Greatest Cars|last=Conway|first=Gavin|year=2005|publisher=[[Channel 4]]|location=UK|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050429022337/http://www.channel4.com/4car/100-greatest/results/winner.html|archive-date=29 April 2005|url-status=dead|access-date=2 October 2015}}</ref> Notable past and present McLaren F1 owners include [[Lewis Hamilton]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-29 |title=Lewis Hamilton Bought McLaren F1 #044 For R230 Million in 2017 |url=https://www.zero2turbo.com/2020/01/lewis-hamilton-bought-mclaren-f1-044-for-r230-million-in-2017 |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=Zero2Turbo |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Elon Musk]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-mclaren-f1-supercar-before-wreck-2017-6 |title=Watch a young Elon Musk take delivery of his McLaren F1 hypercar – before he wrecked it  |website=business insider |access-date=21 December 2019}}</ref> [[Rowan Atkinson]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cars/classic/rowan-atkinson-on-his-mclaren-f1-and-why-hes-selling-it |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cars/classic/rowan-atkinson-on-his-mclaren-f1-and-why-hes-selling-it |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Rowan Atkinson sold his McLaren F1 hypercar |newspaper=The Telegraph|date=14 December 2015 |last1=Frankel |first1=Andrew }}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Jay Leno]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Jay Leno's Garage |title=McLaren F1 Redux – Jay Leno's Garage |website=[[YouTube]] |date=26 February 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEjuJyjQ8YI  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/fEjuJyjQ8YI| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|access-date=19 August 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[George Harrison]],<ref>{{cite web |website=Odometer.com |title=13 Amazing Cars That Were Owned by the Beatles |date=1994 |url=https://www.odometer.com/rides/40241/13-amazing-cars-that-were-owned-by-the-beatles/#page=1 |access-date=13 February 2018}}</ref> [[Ralph Lauren]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kozak|first=Graham|date=2018-12-14|title=Ralph Lauren on timeless cars, the joy of driving and why he doesn't think of himself as a collector|url=http://autoweek.com/car-life/a1712916/ralph-lauren-timeless-cars-joy-driving-and-why-he-doesnt-think-himself-collector/|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Autoweek|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Nick Mason]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-05-04|title=Gallery: inside Nick Mason's toybox|url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/classic/gallery-inside-nick-mason%E2%80%99s-toybox|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Top Gear|language=en}}</ref> and the [[Hassanal Bolkiah|Sultan of Brunei]] Hassanal Bolkiah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.carbuzz.com/news/2012/5/19/The-Sultan-of-Brunei-s-Supercar-Collection-300-000-000-and-Counting-7708867/ |title=The Sultan of Brunei's Supercar Collection: $300,000,000 and Counting |website=CarBuzz |language=en-us |access-date=19 August 2016|date=19 May 2012 }}</ref>
In the April 2017 issue of ''[[Top Gear (magazine)|Top Gear Magazine]]'', the McLaren F1 was listed as one of the fastest [[naturally aspirated engine|naturally aspirated]] cars currently available in the world, and in the same league as more modern vehicles such as the [[Ferrari Enzo]] and [[Aston Martin One-77]] despite being produced and engineered 10 years prior to the Ferrari Enzo and 17 years prior to the Aston Martin One-77.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/list/20-most-powerful-naturally-aspirated-supercars|title=The 20 most powerful naturally aspirated supercars |website=Top Gear |language=en-us |access-date=24 November 2021|date=16 November 2015 }}</ref>

== Design and conception ==
[[File:McLaren F1 logo.svg|thumb|The logo of McLaren F1]]
[[File:1996 McLaren F1 Chassis No 63 6.1 Rear.jpg|left|thumb|McLaren F1]]

Chief engineer [[Gordon Murray]]'s design concept was a common one among designers of high-performance cars: low weight and high power. This was achieved through the use of high-tech and expensive materials such as [[Graphite-reinforced plastic|carbon fibre]], [[titanium]], [[kevlar]], [[magnesium]] and [[gold]]. The F1 was the first production car to use a carbon-fibre [[monocoque]] chassis.<ref name=scm>{{cite journal |url=https://www.ferraris-online.com/pages/article.php?reqart=SCM_201203_SS |last=Sheehan |first=Michael |title=Ferrari's 65-Year Race to Save Weight |journal=[[Sports Car Market]] |date=March 2012 |volume=24 |series=3 |pages=44–45 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

[[File:Orange McLaren F1 interior.jpg|thumb|left|The offset three seat layout inside the F1's cabin]]

Gordon Murray had been thinking of a three-seat sports car since his youth. When Murray was waiting for a flight home from the [[1988 Italian Grand Prix|Italian Grand Prix]] in [[1988 Formula One season|1988]], he drew a sketch of a three-seater sports car and proposed it to [[Ron Dennis]]. He pitched the idea of creating ''the ultimate road car'', a concept that would be heavily influenced by the company's Formula One experience and technology and thus reflect that skill and knowledge through the McLaren F1.

Murray declared that "During this time, we were able to visit [[Honda]]'s Tochigi Research Centre with [[Ayrton Senna]]. The visit related to the fact that at the time, Honda powered McLaren's F1 Grand Prix chassis. Although it's true I had thought it would have been better to put a larger engine, the moment I drove the [[Honda NSX]], all the benchmark cars—[[Ferrari]], [[Porsche]], [[Lamborghini]]—I had been using as references in the development of my car vanished from my mind. Of course, the car we would create, the McLaren F1, needed to be faster than the NSX, but the NSX's ride quality and handling would become our new design target. Being a fan of Honda engines, I later went to Honda's Tochigi Research Centre on two occasions and requested that they consider building for the McLaren F1 a 4.5-litre [[V10 engine|V10]] or [[V12 engine|V12]]. I asked, I tried to persuade them, but in the end could not convince them to do it, and the McLaren F1 ended up equipped with a BMW engine."<ref>Translated from original Japanese article: {{cite web |title=A car dear to my mind – Gordon Murray on the Honda NSX |url=https://docs.google.com/View?docid=dggtsppm_6cgtnscht |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

A pair of [[Ultima Mk2|Ultima MK2]] kit cars, chassis numbers 12 and 13, "Albert" and "Edward", the last two MK2s, were used as "mules" to test various components and concepts before the first cars were built. Number 12 was used to test the gearbox with a [[Chevrolet Big-Block engine|454 (7.4l) Chevrolet V8]], plus various other components such as the seats and the brakes. Number 13 was the test of the V12, plus the exhaust and cooling system. When McLaren was done with the cars they destroyed both of them to keep away the specialist magazines and because they did not want the car to be associated with "kit cars".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ultimaclubusa.com/content/131-McLaren-Connection|title=McLaren Connection|date=11 May 2017|access-date=9 March 2020|archive-date=26 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126230609/http://ultimaclubusa.com/content/131-McLaren-Connection|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The car was first unveiled at a launch show, on 28 May 1992, at The Sporting Club in [[Monaco]]. The production version remained the same as the original prototype (XP1) except for the wing mirror which, on the XP1, was mounted at the top of the [[Pillar (car)|A-pillar]]. This car was deemed not road legal as it had no indicators at the front; McLaren was forced to make changes to the car as a result (some cars, including [[Ralph Lauren]]'s, were sent back to McLaren and fitted with the prototype mirrors). The original wing mirrors also incorporated a pair of indicators which other car manufacturers would adopt several years later.

The car's safety levels were first proved during testing in [[Namibia]] in April 1993, when a test driver wearing just shorts and a T-shirt hit a rock and rolled the first prototype car several times, and still managed to escape unscathed. Later in the year, the second prototype (XP2) was specially built for [[crash test]]ing and passed with the front wheel arch untouched.

=== Engine ===

==== History ====
[[File:1996 McLaren F1 engine.jpg|right|thumb|The McLaren F1's engine compartment contains the mid-mounted [[BMW M70#S70/2|BMW S70/2]] engine and uses gold foil as a [[Heat shield#Automotive|heat shield]] in the exhaust compartment]]

[[Gordon Murray]] insisted that the engine for this car be [[naturally aspirated]] to increase reliability and driver control. [[Turbocharger]]s and [[supercharger]]s increase power but they increase complexity and can decrease reliability as well as introduce an additional aspect of [[Latency (engineering)|latency]] and loss of feedback. The ability of the driver to maintain maximum control of the engine is thus compromised. Murray initially approached Honda for a power plant rated at {{cvt|410|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}, with {{convert|600|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} of block length and a total weight of {{convert|250|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}, it was required to be derived from the Formula One power plant in the then-dominating McLaren/Honda cars. When Honda refused, [[Isuzu]], then planning an entry into [[Formula One]], had a 3.5-litre V12 engine being tested in a [[Lotus Cars|Lotus]] chassis. The company was very interested in having the engine fitted into the F1. However, the designers wanted an engine with a proven design and a racing pedigree.<ref name=jalopnik>{{cite web |url=http://jalopnik.com/327268/mclaren-f1 |title=Jalopnik Fantasy Garage – McLaren F1 |date=28 November 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

==== Specifications ====
Gordon Murray then approached [[BMW]], which took an interest, and the motorsport division [[BMW M]] headed by engine expert [[Paul Rosche]]<ref name="Ultimatecarpage - specifications for the standard F1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ultimatecarpage.com/car/349/McLaren-F1.html |title=Ultimatecarpage – specifications for the standard F1 |publisher=ultimatecarpage.com |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> designed and built Murray a {{convert|6064|cc|L CID|1|abbr=on}} 60º [[V12 engine]] called the [[BMW S70/2]].
At {{convert|461|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=":0" /> and {{convert|266|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} the BMW engine ended up 14% more powerful and {{convert|16|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} heavier than Gordon Murray's original specifications, with the same block length.

It has an [[aluminium alloy]] block and heads, with [[Bore (engine)|bore]] x [[Stroke (engine)|stroke]] of {{convert|86x87|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} [[Overhead camshaft#Dual overhead camshaft|DOHC]] with [[variable valve timing]] (a relatively new and unproven technology for the time) for maximum flexibility of control over the [[Multi-valve#Four valves|4 valves]] per cylinder, and a chain drive for the [[camshaft]]s.

The engine uses a [[dry sump]] oil lubrication system. The carbon fibre body panels and monocoque required significant [[thermal insulation]] in the engine compartment, so Murray's solution was to line the engine bay with a highly efficient heat-reflector: [[gold]] foil. Approximately 16 g (0.56 ounce) of gold was used in each car.<ref name="HOWSTUFFWORKS">{{cite web |url=http://auto.howstuffworks.com/mclaren-f1.htm |title=Howstuffworks – information about the standard F1 |publisher=howstuffworks.com |access-date=19 August 2016|date=31 May 2007 }}</ref>

The road version of the engine used a compression ratio of 11:1 to produce a maximum power output of {{convert|461|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} at 7,400 rpm and {{convert|650|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 5,600 rpm.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – standard F1 specifications |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_specifications.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213121017/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_specifications.htm |archive-date=13 February 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> The engine's rev limiter is set at 7,500 rpm. In contrast to raw engine power, a car's power-to-weight ratio is a better method of quantifying acceleration performance than the peak output of the vehicle's power plant. The standard F1 achieves 550&nbsp;hp/ton (403&nbsp;kW/tonne), or just 0.27&nbsp;hp/lb.

The cam carriers, covers, oil sump, dry sump, and housings for the [[camshaft]] control are made of magnesium castings. The intake control features twelve individual butterfly valves, and the exhaust system has four [[Inconel]] catalysts with individual Lambda-Sondion controls. The camshafts are continuously variable for increased performance, using a system very closely based on BMW's [[VANOS]] variable valve timing system for the [[BMW M3]];<ref name="F1_SUSEN"/> it is a hydraulically actuated phasing mechanism which retards the inlet cam relative to the exhaust cam at low revs, which reduces the valve overlap and provides for increased idle stability and increased low-speed torque. At higher rpm the valve overlap is increased by computer control to 42 degrees (compare to 25 degrees on the M3)<ref name="F1_SUSEN"/> for increased airflow into the cylinders and thus increased performance.

To allow the fuel to atomise fully, the engine uses two [[Lucas Industries|Lucas]] injectors per cylinder, with the first injector located close to the inlet valve – operating at low engine rpm – while the second is located higher up the inlet tract – operating at higher rpm. The dynamic transition between the two devices is controlled by the [[Engine control unit|ECU]].<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/>
Each cylinder has its own miniature ignition coil. The closed-loop fuel injection is sequential. The engine has no knock sensor as the predicted combustion conditions would not cause this to be a problem. The pistons are forged in aluminium.

Every cylinder bore has a [[Nikasil]] coating giving it a high degree of wear resistance.<ref name="F1_SUSEN"/>
From 1998 to 2000, the [[24 Hours of Le Mans|Le Mans]]–winning [[BMW V12 LMR]] sports car used a similar S70/2 engine. The engine was given a short development time, causing the BMW design team to use only trusted technology from prior design and implementation experience. The engine does not use titanium valves or connecting rods. Variable intake geometry was considered but rejected on grounds of unnecessary complication.<ref name="F1_SUSEN"/>
As for fuel consumption, the engine achieves on average 15.2 mpg (15 L/100&nbsp;km), at worst 9.3 mpg (25 L/100&nbsp;km) and at best 23.4 mpg (10 L/100&nbsp;km).<ref name = "AUTOCAR"/>

It was later revealed that BMW had used an [[BMW M5#E34|E34 M5 Touring]] as a test mule in order to test the engine. The existence of such a test mule was revealed when David Clark, the director of McLaren road and race cars from 1994&ndash;1998 disclosed this fact to motoring journalist [[Chris Harris (journalist)|Chris Harris]] in a podcast. Clark also revealed that the prototype was kept out of the public eye and that BMW is still in possession of the prototype where it has been kept in their top-secret prototype storage facility.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1123704_theres-a-secret-bmw-e34-m5-wagon-with-a-mclaren-f1-engine-in-it|title=There's a secret BMW E34 M5 Wagon with a McLaren F1 engine in it|date=9 July 2019|first=Sean|last=Szymkowskj|publisher=Motor Authority|access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>

=== Chassis and body ===
[[File:1996 McLaren F1 open.jpg|thumb|right|McLaren F1 with all user accessible compartments opened]]

The McLaren F1 was an early example of a production road car using a complete [[carbon fibre reinforced polymer]] (CFRP) monocoque chassis structure. Aluminium and magnesium were used for attachment points for the suspension system, inserted directly into the CFRP.<ref name="Great Classic Cars">{{cite web |url=http://www.antiquecar.com/gc_mclaren_f1.php |title=Great Classic Cars on the standard F1 |publisher=Antiquecar.com |date=2 June 1970 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071101042820/http://www.antiquecar.com/gc_mclaren_f1.php |archive-date=1 November 2007 |access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref>

The car features a central driving position – the driver's seat is located in the middle, ahead of the fuel tank and ahead of the engine, with a passenger seat slightly behind and on each side.<ref name="qv500">{{cite web |url=http://www.qv500.com/mclarenf1p1.php |title=QV500 on the standard F1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051018185132/http://www.qv500.com/mclarenf1p1.php |archive-date=18 October 2005 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> The vehicle doors move up and out when opened and are thus of the ''[[Butterfly doors|butterfly]]'' or dihedral type. Gordon Murray's design for the doors was inspired by the [[Toyota Sera]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.carmagazine.co.uk/features/opinion/tim-pollard/twelve-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-mclaren-f1/ |title=Twelve things you may not know about the McLaren F1 |date=6 July 2012 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

The engine produces high temperatures under full application and thus causes a high temperature variation in the engine bay from no operation to normal and full operation. CFRP becomes mechanically stressed over time from high heat transfer effects and thus the engine bay was not constructed from CFRP.<ref name="F1FREAK">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclarenfreak.com/site/people/owners/2005%2007%2017%20Pasadena%20Gordon%20Murray%20at%20Art%20Center/index.htm |title=McLarenFreak – website |publisher=McLarenFreak.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629163313/http://www.mclarenfreak.com/site/people/owners/2005%2007%2017%20Pasadena%20Gordon%20Murray%20at%20Art%20Center/index.htm |archive-date=29 June 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

=== Aerodynamics ===
The overall [[Automobile drag coefficients|drag coefficient]] on the standard McLaren F1 is {{Cd|link=car|0.32}},<ref name="Modern Racer">{{cite web |author=gtmash |url=http://www.modernracer.com/features/worldsfastestcars4.html |title=Modern Racer's performance figures |publisher=Modernracer.com |access-date=23 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628195905/http://www.modernracer.com/features/worldsfastestcars4.html |archive-date=28 June 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> compared with {{Cd|0.36}} for the faster [[Bugatti Veyron]], and {{Cd|0.357}} for the [[SSC Ultimate Aero TT]], which was the fastest production car from 2007 to 2010. The vehicle's frontal area is {{CdA|link=car|{{convert|1.79|sqm|sqft}}}} and the S·Cd figure is 0.57. Because the McLaren F1 features ''active'' aerodynamics<ref name="HOWSTUFFWORKS"/><ref>{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – Aerodynamics |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/technology/aerodynamics.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715043932/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/technology/aerodynamics.htm |archive-date=15 July 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> these are the figures presented in the most streamlined configuration.

The standard McLaren F1 road car features no fixed wing to produce [[downforce]] (compare to the [[McLaren F1 LM|LM]] and [[McLaren F1 GTR|GTR]] editions); however, the overall design of the underbody of the McLaren F1 in addition to a rear [[diffuser (automotive)|diffuser]] exploits [[Ground effect in cars|ground effect]] to improve downforce which is increased through the use of two electric Kevlar fans to further decrease the pressure under the car.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPcvIB9xYyQ BestMotoring on the McLaren F1 – video of i.a. Technical analysis] from youtube.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522181533/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPcvIB9xYyQ |date=22 May 2014 }}</ref> A "high downforce mode" can be turned on and off by the driver.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/> At the top of the vehicle, there is an air intake to direct high pressure air to the engine with a low pressure exit point at the top of the very rear.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/> Under each door is a small air intake to provide cooling for the oil tank and some of the electronics.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/> The airflow created by the electric fans not only increases downforce, but the airflow that is created is further exploited through design, by being directed through the engine bay to provide additional cooling for the engine and the ECU.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/> At the front, there are ducts assisted by a Kevlar electric suction fan for cooling the front brakes.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/>

There is a small dynamic rear spoiler on the tail of the vehicle, which will adjust dynamically and automatically attempt to balance the centre of gravity of the car under braking<ref name="HOWSTUFFWORKS"/> – which will be shifted forward when the brakes are applied. Upon activation of the spoiler, a high pressure zone is created in front of the flap, and this high pressure zone is exploited—two air intakes are revealed upon application that will allow the high pressure airflow to enter ducts that route air to aid in cooling the rear brakes.<ref name="BESTMOTORING_F1_ANALYSIS"/> The spoiler increases the overall drag coefficient from {{Cd|0.32}} to {{Cd|0.39}} and is activated at speeds equal to or above {{convert|40|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} by brake line pressure.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/>

=== Suspension ===
Steve Randle, who was the car's dynamicist, was appointed responsible for the design of the [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] system of the McLaren F1.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN">{{cite web |url=http://www.audiosignal.co.uk/McLarenF1.html |title=F1 – McLaren's Road Car |publisher=audiosignal.co.uk |date=2 March 1994 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> It was decided that the ride should be comfortable yet performance-oriented, but not as stiff and low as that of a true ''track machine'', as that would imply a reduction in practical use and comfort as well as increasing noise and vibration, which would be a contradictory design choice in relation to the former set premise – the goal of creating the ''ultimate road car''.

From inception, the design of the F1 had a strong focus on [[weight distribution]] by extensive manipulation of placement of, among other things, the engine, fuel and driver, allowing for a low polar moment of inertia in yaw. The F1 has 42% of its weight at the front and 58% at the rear,<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/> this figure changes less than 1% with the fuel load.

The distance between the mass [[centroid]] of the car and the suspension roll centre was designed to be the same front and rear to avoid unwanted weight transfer effects. Computer controlled dynamic suspension was considered but not applied due to the inherent increase in weight, complexity and loss of predictability of the vehicle.

'''Damper and spring specifications''': {{convert|90|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} bump, {{convert|80|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} rebound with bounce frequency at 1.41&nbsp;Hz at the front and 1.75&nbsp;Hz at the rear.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/> Despite being sports oriented, these figures imply a soft ride and inherently decrease track performance. As can be seen from the McLaren F1 LM and the McLaren F1 GTR track variants, the track performance potential is much higher than that in the standard F1 road car due to the fact that the car should be comfortable and usable in everyday conditions.

The suspension is a [[Double wishbone suspension|double wishbone system]] with an unusual design. Longitudinal wheel compliance is included without loss of wheel control, which allows the wheel to travel backwards when it hits a bump – increasing the comfort of the ride.

[[Caster angle|Caster]] wind-off at the front during braking is handled by McLaren's proprietary ''Ground Plane Shear Centre'' – the wishbones on either side in the [[subframe]] are fixed in rigid plane bearings and connected to the body by four independent bushings which are 25 times more stiff radially than axially.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/> This solution provides for a caster wind-off measured to 1.02 degrees per [[g-force|g]] of braking deceleration. Compare the Honda NSX at 2.91 degrees per g, the [[Porsche 928|Porsche 928 S]] at 3.60 degrees per g and the [[Jaguar XJ|Jaguar XJ6]] at 4.30 degrees per g respectively. The difference in [[Toe (automotive)|toe]] and [[Camber angle|camber]] values is also very small under lateral force application. The ''Inclined Shear Axis'' is used at the rear of the machine and provides measurements of 0.04 degrees per g of change in toe-in under braking and 0.08 degrees per g of toe-out under traction.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/>

When developing the suspension system, the facility of electro-hydraulic kinematics and compliance at [[Anthony Best|AB Dynamics]] was employed to measure the performance of the suspension on a Jaguar XJR16, a Porsche 928 S and a Honda NSX to use as references.

Steering knuckles and the top wishbone/bell crank are also specially manufactured in an aluminium alloy. The wishbones are machined from a solid aluminium alloy with [[CNC machine]]s.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/>

=== Tyres ===
The McLaren F1 uses 235/45ZR17 front tyres and 315/45ZR17 rear tyres. These are specially designed and developed solely for the McLaren F1 by [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]], [[Michelin]], [[Avon Tyres|Avon]] and [[Pirelli]]. The tyres are mounted on {{convert|17 by 9|in|mm|1|abbr=on|adj=on}} front, and {{convert|17 by 11.5|in|mm|1|abbr=on|adj=on}} rear five-spoke cast [[magnesium]] wheels, coated with a protective paint and secured by magnesium retention pins.<ref name="qv500"/>

The turning circle from kerb to kerb is {{convert|13|m||1|abbr=on}}, allowing the driver 2.8 turns<ref name="CaD">{{cite web |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/mclaren-f1-supercar-road-test-review |title=McLaren F1 Supercar|publisher=Car and Driver |date=1 December 2016 |access-date=19 August 2016}}{{cite web |url=http://media.caranddriver.com/files/mclaren-f1-road-test-review-car-and-driver1994-mclaren-f1-archived-road-test.pdf |title=Sneak Preview: Rising Stars of '95 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> from lock to lock.

=== Brakes ===
The F1 features unassisted, vented and cross-drilled brake discs made by [[Brembo]]. The Front size is {{convert|332|mm|in|1|abbr=on|adj=on}} and the rear {{convert|305|mm|in|1|abbr=on|adj=on}}.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/> The calipers are all four-pot, opposed piston types, and are made of aluminium.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/> The rear brake calipers do not feature any handbrake functionality, however there is a mechanically actuated, fist-type calipers which is computer controlled and thus serve as a handbrake.

To increase caliper stiffness, the calipers are machined from a single solid piece of metal (in contrast to the more common being bolted together from two halves). Pedal travel is slightly over one inch. Activation of the rear spoiler will allow the air pressure generated at the back of the vehicle to force air into the cooling ducts located at either end of the spoiler which become uncovered upon application of it.

Servo-assisted ABS brakes were ruled out as they would imply increased mass, complexity and reduced brake feel; however, at the cost of increasing the required skill of the driver.<ref name = "F1_SUSEN"/>

[[Gordon Murray]] attempted to utilise carbon brakes for the F1, but found the technology to be not advanced enough at the time;<ref name="F1FREAK"/> with one of the major culprits being that of a proportional relationship between brake disc temperature and friction—i.e. stopping power—thus resulting in relatively poor brake performance without an initial warm-up of the brakes before use.<ref name="CCBRAKES">{{cite web |title=Carbon brakes general information |url=http://www.braketech.com/techtalk_article.php?id=13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715215541/http://www.braketech.com/techtalk_article.php?id=13 |archive-date=15 July 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>
Since carbon brakes have a more simplified application envelope in pure racing environments, this allows for the racing edition of the car, the ''F1 GTR'', to feature ceramic carbon brakes.<ref name="Ultimatecarpage - specifications for the standard F1"/>

=== Gearbox and powertrain ===
The standard McLaren F1 has a transverse 6-speed manual gearbox with an AP carbon triple-plate clutch contained in an aluminium housing. The gearbox was developed in collaboration with Weismann transmissions in California.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a29078059/mclaren-f1-gtr-and-senna-magazine-drive/|title=Big Mac Special|date=6 February 2020|first=Sam|last=Smith|publisher=[[Road & Track]]|access-date=8 March 2020}}</ref> The second generation GTR edition has a magnesium housing.<ref name="Ultimatecarpage - specifications for the standard F1"/> Both the standard edition and the 'McLaren F1 LM' have the following gear ratios: 3.23:1, 2.19:1, 1.71:1, 1.39:1, 1.16:1, 0.93:1, with a final drive of 2.37:1, although the final gear is offset from the side of the clutch. The [[Torsen|Torsen Limited Slip Differential]] has a 40% lock. The sixth gear ratio allows for a longer cruise at {{convert|33|mph|km/h|abbr=on|order=flip}} per 1000 rpm.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.evo.co.uk/mclaren/f1/17794/the-original-mclaren-f1-press-release-in-full-every-detail-of-the-incredible-v12/page/0/18|title=The original McLaren F1 press release in full - Every detail of the incredible V12 supercar - McLaren F1 transmission}}</ref>

The McLaren F1 has an aluminium [[flywheel]] that has only the dimensions and mass absolutely needed to allow the torque from the engine to be transmitted. This is done in order to decrease rotational inertia and increase the responsiveness of the drivetrain, resulting in faster gear changes and better throttle feedback. This is possible due to the F1 engine lacking secondary vibrational couples and featuring a torsional vibration damper by BMW.<ref name="F1_SUSEN"/>

=== Interior and equipment ===
[[File:1996 McLaren F1 luggage.jpg|right|thumb|1996 McLaren F1 side luggage compartment]]
Standard equipment for the McLaren F1 includes full cabin [[air conditioning]], a rarity on most sports cars and a system design which Murray again credited to the [[Honda NSX]], a car he had owned and driven himself for 7 years without ever needing to change the AC automatic setting.{{Citation needed|date=May 2018}} Further comfort features included SeKurit electric defrost/demist windscreen and side glass, electric window lifts, remote central locking, [[Kenwood Corporation|Kenwood]] 10-disc CD stereo system, cabin access release for opening panels, cabin storage compartment, four-lamp high performance headlight system, rear fog and reversing lights, courtesy lights in all compartments, map reading lights and a gold-plated Facom titanium tool kit and first aid kit (both stored in the car).<ref>{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – standard F1 equipment |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_equipment.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213010803/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_equipment.htm |archive-date=13 February 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> In addition, tailored, proprietary luggage bags specially designed to fit the vehicle's carpeted storage compartments, including a tailored golf bag, were standard equipment.<ref name="qv500"/> Airbags are not present in the car.<ref name = "AUTOCAR"/><ref name="Ultimatecarpage - specifications for the standard F1"/> Each customer was given a special edition [[TAG Heuer]] 6000 Chronometer wristwatch with its serial number scripted below the centre stem.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.calibre11.com/mclaren-f1-watch/ |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20150819193008/http://www.calibre11.com/mclaren-f1-watch/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 August 2015 |title=TAG Heuer McLaren F1 Watch |publisher=Calibre 11 |date=8 September 2010 |access-date=23 January 2016 }}</ref>

All features of the F1 were, according to Gordon Murray, obsessed over, including the interior.<ref name="F1FREAK"/> The metal plates fitted to improve the aesthetics of the cockpit are claimed to be 20 thousandths of an inch (0.5&nbsp;mm) thick to save weight.<ref name="F1FREAK"/>
The driver's seat of the McLaren F1 is custom fitted to the specifications desired by the customer for optimal fit and comfort; the seats are handmade from CFRP and covered in light Connolly leather.<ref name="qv500"/> By design, the F1 steering column cannot be adjusted; however, prior to production each customer specifies the exact preferred position of the steering wheel and thus the steering column is tailored by default to those owner settings. The same holds true for the pedals, which are not adjustable after the car has left the factory but are tailored to each specific customer.<ref name="AUTOCAR">{{cite web |url=http://www.autocar.co.uk/car-review/mclaren/f1-1992-1998 |title=McLaren F1 1989–1998 |publisher=Autocar.co.uk |access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref>

During its [[Pre-production car|pre-production]] stage, McLaren commissioned [[Kenwood Electronics|Kenwood]], the team's supplier of radio equipment, to create a lightweight [[car audio]] system for the car; Kenwood, between 1992 and 1998 used the F1 to promote its products in print advertisements, calendars and brochure covers. Each car's audio system was specially designed to tailor to an individual's listening taste; however, radio was omitted because Murray felt it wasn't necessary.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.rushmagazine.co.uk/the-history-of-the-mclaren-f1 | title=30 Years of the McLaren F1; A Deep Dive into the History of a Legend | date=31 August 2022 }}</ref>

=== Purchase and maintenance ===
Only 106 cars were manufactured: 5 prototypes (XP1, XP2, XP3, XP4, XP5), 64 road versions (F1), 1 tuned developmental prototype (XP1 LM), 5 tuned versions (LM), 1 longtail developmental prototype (XPGT), 2 longtail versions (GT), and 28 racecars (GTR). Production began in 1992 and ended in 1998.<ref name="F1_PRODUCTION"/> At the time of production, each car took around three and a half months to make.<ref name="AUTOCAR"/>

Although production stopped in 1998, McLaren still maintains an extensive support and service network for the F1. Every standard F1 has a [[modem]] which allows customer care to remotely fetch information from the [[Engine control unit|ECU]] of the car in order to assist the customer in the event of a mechanical vehicle failure.<ref>{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – standard F1 customer care |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_customer-care.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061127125902/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_customer-care.htm |archive-date=27 November 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> There are eight<ref name="RCAUCTIONS">{{cite web |url=http://www.rmauctions.com/CarDetails.cfm?SaleCode=MO06&CarID=r352 |title=RM Auctions on the standard F1 |publisher=Rmauctions.com |access-date=23 January 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024247/http://www.rmauctions.com/CarDetails.cfm?SaleCode=MO06&CarID=r352 |archive-date=3 December 2013}}</ref> authorised service centres throughout the world, and McLaren will on occasion fly a specialised technician to the owner of the car or the service centre. All of the technicians have undergone dedicated training in service of the McLaren F1. In cases where major structural damage has occurred, the car can be returned to McLaren directly for repair.<ref name="RCAUCTIONS"/>

=== Performance ===
The F1 remains one of [[list of automotive superlatives|the fastest]] production cars ever made; as of October 2018, it is outmatched by very few cars, including the [[Bugatti Veyron]] and the [[Bugatti Chiron]].<ref name="TGVeyron">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LO0PgyPWE3o  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/LO0PgyPWE3o| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title= Top Gear : James May's Bugatti Veyron Top Speed Test – Top Gear – BBC autos |publisher=Top Gear |date=16 December 2008 |access-date=5 August 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a28870777/bugatti-chiron-304-mph-world-record-speed/ |title=Bugatti Chiron Passes 300-MPH Barrier with 304-MPH Run, Sets World Record|publisher=Car and Driver|date=2 September 2019 |access-date=12 May 2020}}</ref>

However, all of the higher top speed machines use [[forced induction]] to reach their respective top speeds, whereas the McLaren F1 is [[naturally aspirated]]. To date the F1 holds the record for fastest naturally aspirated production car, a record it has held for almost 30 years.

====Braking and handling====
*30–0&nbsp;mph (48–0&nbsp;km/h): 9.7&nbsp;m / 31.83&nbsp;ft<ref name="AC">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/news/Autocar_December_F1.pdf  |title=McLaren F1 Road Test |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114030711/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/news/Autocar_December_F1.pdf |archive-date=14 November 2007 |access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref>
*50–0&nbsp;mph (80–0&nbsp;km/h): 25.2&nbsp;m / 82.68&nbsp;ft<ref name="AC"/>
*70–0&nbsp;mph (112–0&nbsp;km/h): 49&nbsp;m / 162&nbsp;ft<ref name="CaD"/>
*Skidpad Lateral Acceleration: 1.2–1.3g<ref name=jalopnik/>

==== Track tests ====
* [[Tsukuba Circuit]], ''time trial'': 1:04.62 (Driven by [[Naoki Hattori]] in [[Best Motoring]]) on a hot lap with humid (92%) weather and some mis-shifting.<ref name="McLaren F1 #012 Tsukuba Time Attack">{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcRY15toko0  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/YcRY15toko0| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=McLaren F1 #012 Tsukuba Time Attack |date=25 January 2009 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=19 August 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* [[Millbrook Proving Ground]] in Bedfordshire, {{convert|2|mi|km|adj=on}} banked circuit, ''top speed test'': An average speed of {{convert|195.3|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, with a maximum speed of {{convert|200.8|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} (driven by [[Tiff Needell]] using the XP5 prototype).<ref name="MA_TRACK">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_track-record.htm |title=McLaren Automotive F1 track records |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213011123/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1_track-record.htm |archive-date=13 February 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>
* [[MIRA Ltd.|MIRA]] Proving Ground, {{convert|2.82|mi|km|adj=on}} banked circuit, ''top speed test'': An average speed of {{convert|168|mi/h|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, with a maximum speed of {{convert|196.2|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} (driven by Peter Taylor).<ref name="MA_TRACK"/>
*[[Bedford Autodrome]] West Circuit Post 2006 Hot Lap: 1:21.20 done by [[Evo (magazine)|''Evo'']] magazine with a custom modified McLaren F1 (with the same tyres as the [[Ferrari Enzo|Enzo]]) on 10 January 2007 which was faster than the [[Ferrari Enzo]] lap time of 1:21.30<ref name="Evo group tests">{{cite web |url=http://www.evo.co.uk/group-tests/6163/litchfield-type-25-v-caterham-csr-260-v-lotus-exige-s-v-radical-sr3-1300-v-ariel |title=Evo group tests |date=10 January 2007 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>
*[[Circuito do Estoril|Estoril circuit]] lap is 1:55.9 in 1994 (4.36&nbsp;km) configuration of the track with 3 people on board in July 1994.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zeperfs.com/en/fiche520-mclaren-f1.htm |title=McLaren F1 Data sheet |url-status=dead |access-date=19 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804180558/http://www.zeperfs.com/en/fiche520-mclaren-f1.htm |archive-date=4 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/69432036@N04/sets/72157632497173608/ |title=Turbo 7/1994 |access-date=19 August 2016|date=11 January 2013 }}</ref>
*The 1st lap of [[Nürburgring|Nurburgring]] was completed by [[Jonathan Palmer]] in the XP4 prototype, where he reached a maximum of 200&nbsp;mph (322&nbsp;km/h) on the track.<ref name="Circuit Breaker">{{cite web |url=http://jwhubbers.nl/ring/docs/am-1093-5.jpg |title=Circuit breaker! |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061211035518/http://www.jwhubbers.nl/ring/docs/am-1093-5.jpg |archive-date=11 December 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

== Record claims ==

In August 1993, McLaren tested the XP3 prototype – which was limited to {{convert|433|kW|hp PS|abbr=on|0}} – at the [[Nardò Ring]]. They calculated a top speed of {{convert|231|mph|abbr=on}} from the data recording inside the car.<ref name="MF1book">{{cite web |url=https://issuu.com/themagazineshop/docs/mclaren_f1 |title=Autocar Book – McLaren F1 |date=12 November 2013 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

The British magazine [[Autocar (magazine)|''Autocar'']] was given access and tested the XP5 prototype in May 1994. They wrote: "Had we enough tarmac, we have no doubt that it would finally stop accelerating at its rev-limiter in top which, taking tyre growth into account, would be somewhere the far side of {{convert|230|mph|abbr=on}}."<ref name="AC"/>

''[[Car and Driver]]'' wrote in their August 1994 issue ("Courtesy of Autocar & Motor" written in the box with performance numbers):
"Top speed? The F1 runs into the 7,500 rpm redline in sixth at {{convert|221|mph|abbr=on}} but it's still accelerating. Gordon Murray, the F1's designer, is convinced that with taller gearing, the car is capable of at least {{convert|230|mph|abbr=on}}."<ref name="CaD"/>

On 31 March 1998, [[Andy Wallace (racing driver)|Andy Wallace]] drove the five-year-old XP5 prototype at [[Volkswagen]]'s test track in [[Ehra-Lessien]], setting a new production car world record. The record consisted of an independently measured {{convert|240.1|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} two-way average with the peak speed of {{convert|243|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} measured by McLaren<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYmIfDAQ9Y0  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/wYmIfDAQ9Y0| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=McLaren F1 243mph run |date=18 March 2011 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=19 August 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> with the rev-limiter raised to 8,300 rpm.<ref name="limiter">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclaren.com/mclaren/features/limiter.html |title=Many superlatives have described the McLaren F1, including reference to its prodigious speed. We all know it's quick, but now it's officially quick... |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010209004913/http://www.mclaren.com/mclaren/features/limiter.html |archive-date=9 February 2001 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

As of 2022, the F1 remains the fastest naturally aspirated production car in the world, a record that has been held for 24 years. Although its speed record has been passed, the cars that have surpassed it use forced induction engines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/classic-cars/videos/a32423/mclaren-f1-top-speed-record-history/|title=How the 240-MPH McLaren F1 Nonchalantly Became the World's Fastest Car|date=26 January 2017|first=Chris|last=Perkins|publisher=[[Road & Track]]|access-date=17 February 2020}}</ref>

== Motorsports ==
{{Main|McLaren F1 GTR}}
Following its initial launch as a road car, motorsports teams convinced McLaren to build racing versions of the F1 to compete in international series. Three different versions of the race car were developed from 1995 to 1997.<ref name="GTRCONCEPTCARZ">{{cite web |url=http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z652/McLaren-F1-GTR.aspx |title=McLaren F1 GTR general information |publisher=ConceptCarz.com |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

Some of the F1 GTRs, after the cars were no longer eligible for international racing series, were converted to street use. By adding mufflers, and passenger seats, adjusting the suspension for more ground clearance for public streets, and removing the air-restrictors, the cars were able to be registered for road use.

=== F1 GTR 1995 ===
[[File:1995 McLaren F1 GTR (20195044452).jpg|thumb|right|A 1995-spec F1 GTR, chassis #006R at the [[Goodwood Festival of Speed]] sporting the famous 'Harrods' livery]]

Built at the request of race teams, such as those owned by [[Ray Bellm]] and [[Thomas Bscher]], in order to compete in the [[BPR Global GT Series]], the [[McLaren F1 GTR]] was a custom-built race car which introduced a modified engine management system that increased power output – however, air-restrictors mandated by racing regulations reduced the power back to {{convert|441|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} at 7,500&nbsp;rpm.<ref name="QV500GTR95">{{cite web |url=http://www.qv500.com/mclarenf1p5.php |title=McLaren F1 GTR 1995 general information |publisher=QV500 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060513141840/http://www.qv500.com/mclarenf1p5.php |archive-date=13 May 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> The car's list of modifications included changes to body panels, suspension, aerodynamics and the interior. The F1 GTR would go on to take its greatest achievement with first, third, fourth, fifth, and 13th places in the [[1995 24 Hours of Le Mans]], beating out custom built prototype sports cars. When [[Mark Blundell]] – who finished fourth in the race – was asked what the F1 GTR was like to drive during the wet race, he said: "Well it was never designed to be a race car so in many respects it wasn't the best-balanced car in the world. The saving grace of the car was the BMW V12 engine. It was incredibly impressive in that you could be in 6th gear at 2,000 rpm and the thing would just pull like a train. And in the wet that is great as you can run a higher gear and it cuts out some of that traction issue. But in terms of balance, overall it was always a bit top heavy, so the centre of gravity wasn’t ideal. And aerodynamically it wasn't quite there, but it did the job".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scalextric.com/uk-en/news/testtrack/scalextric-meets-mark-blundell|title=Scalextric Meets Mark Blundell|website=www.scalextric.com|access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>

In total, nine F1 GTRs were built for the 1995 season.<ref name="QV500GTR95"/>

The 1995 F1 GTR created so much downforce that it was claimed to be able to drive upside down along a ceiling at {{convert|100|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=motortrend/>

=== F1 GTR 1996 ===
[[File:Brands Hatch-1996-09-08-006.jpg|left|thumb|A 1996-spec F1 GTR, chassis #015R at the [[Brands Hatch]] circuit]]

To follow up on the success of the F1 GTR in 1996, McLaren further developed the 1995 model, leading to a size increase but a weight decrease. Nine more F1 GTRs were built to 1996 spec, while some 1995 cars were still campaigned by privateers. F1 GTR 1996 chassis #14R is notable as being the first non-Japanese car to win a race in the [[Super GT|All-Japan Grand Touring Car Championship]] (JGTC).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.motorsportretro.com/2014/01/jgtc-cars/ |title=The eight most iconic JGTC racing machines ever |publisher=MotorsportRetro.com |date=23 January 2014 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> The car was driven by [[David Brabham]] and [[John Nielsen (racing driver)|John Nielsen]]. The weight was reduced to around {{convert|37|kg|abbr=on}} from the 1995 GTR but the engine was kept de-tuned at {{cvt|447|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} to comply with racing regulations.<ref name="Autocar Road Test">{{cite web |url=http://forums.vwvortex.com/showthread.php?5356511-Archive-Autocar-Road-Test-of-McLaren-F1 |title=Archive: Autocar Road Test of McLaren F1 |date=8 July 2011 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

=== F1 GTR 1997 ===
[[File:Parabolica McLaren F1 GTR.jpg|thumb|right|A 1997-spec F1 GTR "Long Tail", chassis #027R of Parabolica Motorsports during an [[FIA GT Championship]] event]]

With three F1 GT homologation street versions produced, McLaren could now develop the F1 GTR for the 1997 season. Weight was further reduced and a [[sequential manual transmission|sequential gearbox]] was added. The engine was slightly destroked to 6.0&nbsp;L instead of the previous 6.1&nbsp;L. Due to the heavily modified bodywork, the F1 GTR 1997 is often referred to as the "Longtail" thanks to the rear bodywork being extended to increase downforce. A total of ten F1 GTRs were built for the 1997 season. The weight was reduced to a total of {{convert|910|kg||0|abbr=on}}.

== Variants ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center; float:right;"
|+Total production
!Variant
!width=45| <small>Road</small>
!width=45| <small>Prototype</small>
!width=45| <small>Race</small>
!width=45| <small>Total</small>
|-
!F1
|62 ||5 || ||'''67'''
|-
!F1 LM
|5 ||1 || ||'''6'''
|-
!F1 GT
|2 ||1 || ||'''3'''
|-
!F1 HDK
|2 || || ||'''2'''
|-
!F1 GTR
| || ||28 ||'''28'''
|- style="background:Gainsboro;"
|'''Total'''
|'''71''' ||'''7''' ||'''28''' ||'''106'''
|}
The McLaren F1 road car, of which 64 were originally sold, saw several different modifications over its production span which were badged as different models. The company maintains a database to match up prospective sellers and buyers of the cars.

=== Prototypes ===
[[File:Mclaren F1`s testing at Goodwood Circuit - 20 May 1993 (6953157111) (2).jpg|thumb|McLaren XP3 prototype, photographed during testing in 1993. The car was owned by Gordon Murray.{{pb}}<small>Notice the fog lights integrated in the front bumper and narrower turn signals than the production version along with the wing mirrors sourced from a [[Citroën CX]]. The fog lights were removed and the wing mirrors were later replaced by production units.</small>]]
[[File:Silver McLaren F1 with prototype mirrors.jpg|left|thumb|A McLaren F1 with the wing mirrors mounted on the A-pillar as on the prototypes]]
Prior to the sale of the first McLaren F1s, five prototypes were built, carrying the numbers XP1 through XP5.<ref name="F1_MISC">{{cite web |url=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~anchsa/mclaren.htm |title=McLaren F1 top speed with rev limit and without |publisher=Users.globalnet.co.uk |access-date=23 January 2016}}</ref> These cars carried minor subtle differences between each other as well as between the production road cars. Contrary to common misunderstanding, XP1, the first ever running prototype, was never publicly unveiled. The XP1 was never painted (with a bare carbon fibre exterior) and was later destroyed in an accident in [[Namibia]]. The car unveiled at the Monaco 1992 event was actually a "Clinic Model", aesthetically convincing but without a powertrain. XP2 was used for crash testing (sporting a blue colour during the test) and also destroyed. As it was a crash test car, it didn't have full interior equipment or a powertrain. XP3 did durability testing, XP4 stress tested the gearbox system and XP5 was a publicity car. The XP3 used to be owned by Gordon Murray before being sold to a private buyer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topgear.com/car-news/british/geek-out-murray-t50s-amazing-details#15|title=Geek out on the Murray T.50's amazing details|date=6 August 2020|first=Ollie|last=Marriage|publisher=[[Top Gear (magazine)|Top Gear]]|access-date=11 August 2020}}</ref> XP4 was seen by viewers of ''[[Top Gear (1977 TV series)|Top Gear]]'' when reviewed by [[Tiff Needell]] in the mid-1990s and later on sold to a private owner, while XP5 went on to be used in McLaren's famous top speed run and is still owned by McLaren.

===Ameritech===
Seven McLaren F1s were imported by Ameritech and modified in order to be federalized for road use in the United States. These modifications include the deletion of side seats, the replacement of headlights, a heightened bumper and dampened performance figures including handling and braking compared to the European F1, due to road legality issues. It weighs in at {{cvt|2840|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip|1}}.

====Performance====
Performance figures are lower than a regular F1 in all aspects (apart from {{cvt|0-30|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}}) relating to performance. As [[Mario Andretti]] noted in a top speed comparison test after hitting the rev limiter at {{convert|217.7|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} on Ameritech F1, the Ameritech F1 is fully capable of pulling a seventh gear, thus with a higher gear ratio or a seventh gear the car would probably be able to reach an even greater top speed.<ref name="RT898">Road & Track August 1998</ref>

=== F1 LM ===
[[File:McLaren F1 LM.jpg|thumb|The McLaren F1 XP1 LM prototype on display]]
The '''McLaren F1 LM''' (LM for [[Le Mans]]) is a series of five special cars which were built in honour of the five [[McLaren F1 GTR]]s which finished the [[1995 24 Hours of Le Mans]], including the winning car.<ref>{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – LM history |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_introduction.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061118123904/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_introduction.htm |archive-date=18 November 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

The weight was reduced by approximately {{cvt|76|kg|lb|1|abbr=on}} to a total of {{convert|1062|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} – achieved by having no interior noise suppression, no audio system, a stripped-down base interior, no fan-assisted ground effect and no dynamic rear wing. The car also had a different [[transaxle]], various [[aerodynamic]] modifications, specially designed {{convert|18|in|mm|1|abbr=on}} magnesium alloy wheels and an upgraded gearbox. The F1 LM used the same engine as the 1995 F1 GTR, but without race-mandated [[Restrictor plate|restrictors]], to produce {{convert|500|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}}. It had a top speed of {{Convert|225|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, which is less than the standard version because of added aerodynamic drag, despite identical gear ratios. In the place of the small dynamic rear wing there is a considerably larger, fixed CFRP rear wing mounted on the back of the vehicle.

The LM has the following specifications: 
* Peak torque of {{convert|705|Nm||0|abbr=on}} at 4,500&nbsp;rpm
* Peak power of {{convert|500|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} at 7,800&nbsp;rpm
* A redline at 8,500&nbsp;rpm 
* Total weight of {{convert|1062|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} which gives the car an {{convert|82.15|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} per litre ratio.<ref>{{cite web |title=McLaren Automotive – LM specifications |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_specifications.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110005405/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_specifications.htm |archive-date=10 November 2006 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

<!-- DO NOT CHANGE PERFORMANCE NUMBERS WITHOUT A CITATION, IT WILL BE REVERTED. -->
While McLaren has never claimed specific acceleration figures for the LM, ''[[Motor Trend]]'' recorded traction-limited times of 0–60&nbsp;mph in 3.9 seconds and 0–100&nbsp;mph in 6.7 seconds.<ref name=motortrend>{{cite web |url=http://www.motortrend.com/news/2000-mclaren-f1-supercar/ |title=McLaren F1 LM: King of the Super Cars |access-date=19 August 2016|date=2 April 2000 }}</ref> The LM was once the holder of the 0–100–0&nbsp;mph record, which it completed in 11.5&nbsp;seconds when driven by Andy Wallace at the disused airbase RAF Alconbury in Cambridgeshire.<ref name="LMTrackRecord">{{cite web |url=http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_track-record.htm |title=McLaren F1 LM Roadcar – Track Record |publisher=McLaren Automotive Ltd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421151212/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/cars/f1lm_track-record.htm |archive-date=21 April 2008 |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref>

The F1 LMs can be identified by their Papaya Orange paint. They were painted in this colour in memory of, and tribute to, [[Bruce McLaren]], whose race colour was Papaya Orange. Two of the chassis were painted in Black with Grey trim similar to the Ueno Clinic sponsored Le Mans 24 Hours winning car. These cars were bought by the Sultan of Brunei and, as such, also feature horizontal stripes down the sides in yellow, red and blue.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/classic-cars/a30551/there-are-only-six-real-mclaren-f1-lms/|title=There Are Only Six Real McLaren F1 LMs|date=25 August 2016|first=Màtè|last=Pètràny|publisher=[[Road & Track]]|access-date=9 March 2020}}</ref>

Although only five F1 LMs were sold, a sixth chassis exists in the form of XP1 LM, the prototype for modifications to the existing F1 to form the new F1 LM. This car is also painted Papaya Orange and is retained by McLaren.

=== F1 High Downforce Kit (HDK) ===
[[File:McLaren F1 HDK (15431191211).jpg|thumb|left|McLaren F1 HDK chassis number 14]]

Two standard F1s were upgraded to "LM specification". These have chassis numbers 073 and 018. The engines were upgraded to unrestricted GTR specification resulting in a power output of {{cvt|500|kW|hp PS|0|abbr=on}} and had the '''High Downforce Kit (HDK)''' added to them. Their interiors were made more comfortable over the F1 LM. The car having chassis number 018 had upgrades to the air conditioning units, the headlamps changed to a gas discharge type and the steering wheel changed to a 14-inch unit. Moreover, race specification dampers and springs set to the softest settings for comfortable road use were added. 18-inch GTR wheels were used instead of the standard 17-inch and the tyres used are Michelin Pilot Sport units.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/MO19/Monterey/lots/r0164-1994-McLaren-F1-LM-Specification/792832|title=1994 McLaren F1 'LM-Specification' auction|access-date=8 September 2019|date=19 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/mo15/monterey/lots/r171-1998-mclaren-f1-lm-specification/180564|title=1998 McLaren F1 'LM-Specification' auction|access-date= 9 September 2019|date=13 April 2018}}</ref>

=== F1 GT ===
{{Infobox automobile
| name = McLaren F1 GT
| image = 2015-03-03 Geneva Motor Show 5805.JPG
| caption = The McLaren F1 GT developmental prototype (chassis #056XP)  at the [[Geneva Motor Show#2015|2015 Geneva Motor Show]]
| manufacturer = [[McLaren Automotive|McLaren Cars]]
| production = 1997<br>3 produced (2 production cars and 1 developmental prototype)
| assembly = United Kingdom: [[Woking]], [[Surrey]], [[England]]
| class = [[Sports car]] ([[S-segment|S]])
| body_style = 2-door [[coupé]]
| layout = [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive]]
| platform = McLaren F1
| engine = 6.1 L ''[[BMW S70/2]]'' V12
| transmission = 6-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]
| wheelbase = {{convert|2718|mm|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="McLaren F1 GT">{{cite web|url=https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/spec/6182/McLaren-F1-GT.html|title= McLaren F1 GT specifications|work=ultimatecarpage|date= 25 June 2015|access-date= 21 January 2018}}</ref>
| length = {{convert|4928|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="McLaren F1 GT"/>
| width = {{convert|1940|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="McLaren F1 GT"/>
| height = {{convert|1200|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="McLaren F1 GT"/>
| weight = {{convert|1120|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="McLaren F1 GT"/>
| related = [[McLaren F1 GTR#1997|McLaren F1 GTR]]
| designer = [[Gordon Murray]]<br>[[Peter Stevens (car designer)|Peter Stevens]]<br>[[Paul Rosche]] (engine designer) (BMW)
| sp = uk
| successor = 
}}
The final and rarest incarnation of the road car, the F1 GT was meant as a [[homologation]] special. With increased competition from homologated sports cars from [[Porsche]] and [[Mercedes-Benz]] in the former [[BPR Global GT Series]] and the new [[FIA GT Championship]], McLaren required extensive modification to the F1 GTR in order to remain as competitive. These modifications were so vast that McLaren would be required to build a production road-legal car on which the new race cars would be based.

The F1 GT featured the same extended rear bodywork as the GTRs for increased downforce and reduced drag yet lacked the rear wing that had been seen on the F1 LM.<ref>{{cite web |title=Supercars on the McLaren F1 GT |date=18 April 2016 |url=http://www.supercars.net/cars/1178.html |access-date=19 August 2016}}</ref> The downforce generated by the longer tail was found to be sufficient to not require the wing. The front end was also similar to the racing car, with extra louvers and the wheel arches widened to fit larger wheels. The interior was modified, and a racing steering wheel was included in place of the standard unit.

The F1 GTs were built from standard F1 road car chassis, retaining their production numbers. The developmental prototype GT, known as XPGT, was F1 chassis #056XP, was painted dark green ("Silverstone green") and is owned by a private collector in Switzerland. The company technically only needed to build one car and did not even have to sell it. However, demand from customers drove McLaren to build two production versions that were sold; the customer F1 GTs were chassis #054 and #058. #054 was painted black and is owned by the [[Sultan of Brunei]] [[Hassanal Bolkiah]], while #058 was painted burgundy and is owned by the ZAZ Museum in Japan.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://mclf1.free.fr/index1.htm | title=McLaren F1 registry }}</ref> It weighs {{Convert|1120|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}, {{Convert|20|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} lighter than the standard F1 and has a top speed of over {{convert|240|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, although this was never tested.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}}

{{clear}}

== Chassis numbers ==
''For F1 GTR numbers, see [[McLaren F1 GTR#Chassis|McLaren F1 GTR]]''
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Number<ref>{{Cite web |title=McLaren F1 registry |url=http://mclf1.free.fr/Roadcar/roadcar.htm |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=mclf1.free.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Index McLaren F1 Chassis Numbers |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/index-mclaren-f1-chassis-numbers |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Index McLaren F1 LM Chassis Numbers |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/index-mclaren-f1-lm-chassis-numbers |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
!Model
!Note
!Paint
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |XP1<ref name="F1_MISC" />
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1 prototype
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Destroyed during testing in a crash in Namibia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-08 |title=VIN: Up & Running - the original McLaren F1 Prototype chassis XP1 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-prototype-chassis-xp1 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
| style="background:#ffb0b0;"|Unpainted carbon fibre
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |XP2
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1 prototype
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Crash test vehicle.
| style="background:#ffb0b0;"|Blue
|-
|XP3
|F1 prototype
|Previously owned by [[Gordon Murray]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-20 |title=VIN: Gordon Murray's McLaren F1 Prototype chassis XP3 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-xp3 |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Silver
|-
|XP4
|F1 prototype
|
|Dark Metallic Grey<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-10 |title=VIN: Closer to Reality - McLaren F1 Prototype chassis XP4 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-xp4 |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|XP5
|F1 prototype
|
|Dark Metallic Green<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-30 |title=VIN: the World Speed Record-setting McLaren F1 Prototype chassis XP5 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-xp5 |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|001
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|002
|F1
|Owned by royal family of Brunei. First production F1.
|Dorchester Grey
|-
|003
|F1
|Sold to McLaren CEO [[Ron Dennis]].
|Carbon
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |004
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Destroyed in a crash. Sold to royal family of Brunei.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-29 |title=VIN: the Sultan of Brunei McLaren F1 chassis 004 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-004 |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
| style="background:#ffb0b0;"|Gran Prix Red
|-
|005
|F1
|Sold to a UK customer, later sold by DK Engineering.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McLaren F1 |url=https://www.dkeng.co.uk/Vehicle_Archive/612/mclaren_f1.html |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=DK Engineering |language=en}}</ref>
|Jet Black
|-
|006
|F1
|Sold to a customer in Japan, later sold to a customer in Bahrain.
|Magnesium Silver, later repainted Piano Black<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHASSIS 006 |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1993-1998+MCLAREN+F1+/MCLAREN+F1+-+ENGLISH/CHASSIS+006/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|007
|F1
|
|Jet Black
|-
|008
|F1
|Owned by royal family of Brunei.
|Cobalt Blue
|-
|009
|F1
|Crashed twice and repaired.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=philkurth |date=2019-12-02 |title=Australia's only McLaren F1 crashed at mechanics |url=https://www.whichcar.com.au/features/australias-only-mclaren-f1-crashed |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=WhichCar {{!}} New Car Reviews, Prices and Buying Advice |language=en}}</ref>
|Magnesium Silver
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |010
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Destroyed in a crash.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MCLAREN F1 - ENGLISH |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1993-1998+MCLAREN+F1+/MCLAREN+F1+-+ENGLISH/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Magnesium Silver
|-
|011
|F1
|Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1993 - 1998 McLaren F1 - Chassis 011 |url=https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/chassis/1149/McLaren-F1-011.html |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Ultimatecarpage.com}}</ref>
|Carbon, later repainted blue
|-
|012
|F1
|Sold to [[TAG Heuer|Tag Heuer]] Japan.
|Dark Silver with Tag Heuer decals<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHASSIS 012 |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1993-1998+MCLAREN+F1+/MCLAREN+F1+-+ENGLISH/CHASSIS+012/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|013
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|014
|F1
|Previously owned by royal family of Brunei. Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-01 |title=VIN: the Sultan of Brunei McLaren F1 chassis 014 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-014 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Titanium Yellow, later repainted white
|-
|015
|F1
|Owned by [[Jay Leno]].
|Jet Black
|-
|016
|F1
|
|Aubergine
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |017
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Destroyed in a crash.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1999-03-28 |title=Eclipse of the Man in Black |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/mar/28/theobserver.uknews7 |access-date=2025-07-25 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-10 |title=VIN: the John Studholme / Chris Dawes McLaren F1 chassis 017 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-017 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
| style="background:#ffb0b0;"|Calypso Red Pearl
|-
|018
|F1
|Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit and LM-spec engine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miterko |first=Andrew |date=2019-08-02 |title=The Ultimate McLaren F1 Road Car: Chassis 018 |url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/the-ultimate-mclaren-f1-road-car-chassis-018 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Sothebys.com |language=en}}</ref>
|Midnight Blue Pearl, later repainted Platinum Silver
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''019''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" | -
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR chassis 01R.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=1995 MCLAREN F1 GTR |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1995-1997+McLaren+F1+GTR/MCLAREN+F1+GTR+-+ENGLISH/1995+MCLAREN+F1+GTR/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" | -
|-
|020
|F1
|Sold to [[Tony Smith (band manager)|Tony Smith]].
|Mid Blue Pearl
|-
|021
|F1
|
|Blood Red Solid
|-
|022
|F1
|Sold to German banker [[Thomas Bscher]]. Later owned by [[Wyclef Jean]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-02 |title=VIN: the Thomas Bscher / Wyclef Jean / Miles Collier McLaren F1 chassis 022 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-022 |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Genesis Dark Blue, later repainted metallic green<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-02 |title=VIN: the Thomas Bscher / Wyclef Jean / Miles Collier McLaren F1 chassis 022 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-022 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|023
|F1
|
|British Racing Green, later repainted silver
|-
|024
|F1
|
|Carbon
|-
|025
|F1
|Sold to [[George Harrison]].
|Dark Purple Pearl
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''026''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR chassis 02R.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHASSIS 02R |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1995-1997+McLaren+F1+GTR/MCLAREN+F1+GTR+-+ENGLISH/1995+MCLAREN+F1+GTR/CHASSIS+02R/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''027''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR chassis 03R.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHASSIS 03R |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1995-1997+McLaren+F1+GTR/MCLAREN+F1+GTR+-+ENGLISH/1995+MCLAREN+F1+GTR/CHASSIS+03R/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
|028
|F1
|Given to [[Michael Andretti]] as part of his settlement for leaving the McLaren Formula 1 team. Later sold.
|Gran Prix Red
|-
|029
|F1
|Most expensive F1 sold at auction at $20,465,000 in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charlotte |first=McLaren |date=2021-09-13 |title=McLaren Charlotte {{!}} McLaren F1 Road Car Sets Record Price at Auction {{!}} McLaren Charlotte |url=https://www.charlottemclaren.com/mclaren-f1-road-car-sets-record-price-at-auction/?srsltid=AfmBOor5RG79HKnebaQnEa44Wa_COIXGDGEOQL_4Z8an9tG_VDDD9upi,%20https://www.charlottemclaren.com/mclaren-f1-road-car-sets-record-price-at-auction/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=www.charlottemclaren.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Creighton Brown
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''030''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR.''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
|031
|F1
|Sold to Japanese customer Yoshikuni Okamoto.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-30 |title=VIN: the Yoshikuni Okamoto McLaren F1 chassis 031 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-031 |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Special White
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''032''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR.''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |033
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |F1
| style="background:#ffb0b0;" |Crashed, was repaired and then destroyed in another crash.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-15 |title=1994 McLaren F1 |url=https://www.sportscarmarket.com/profile/1994-mclaren-f1 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Sports Car Market |language=en-US}}</ref>
| style="background:#ffb0b0;"|Base Silver
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''034''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR.''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''035''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR.''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
|036
|F1
|Sold to [[Techniques d'Avant Garde|TAG]] CEO [[Mansour Ojjeh]] who held a significant stake in McLaren.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2021-06-06 |title=VIN: the Aziz Ojjeh / Mansour Ojjeh McLaren F1 chassis 075 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-075 |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Pale Blue Metallic
|-
|037
|F1
|
|Special Silver<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Summary Record of History: 1995 McLaren F1 #037 |url=https://www.dkeng.co.uk/attachments/1619093491-A_Summary_Record_of_the_History_of_037_by_DKE_V3.pdf |website=D.K. Engineering}}</ref>
|-
|038
|F1
|
|Base Silver, later repainted Kandy Orange
|-
|039
|F1
|Suspected to be owned by a member of the [[Sinaloa Cartel]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-05 |title=VIN: the Ron Dennis / Sinaloa Cartel McLaren F1 chassis 039 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-039 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Brazilian Brown Metallic
|-
|040
|F1
|Fitted with high mounted mirros.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Jordan |date=2025-05-08 |title=Sold: A Very Special McLaren F1 Joins an Exceptional Collection |url=https://www.tomhartleyjnr.com/sold-a-very-special-mclaren-f1-joins-an-exceptional-collection/ |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Tom Hartley Jnr |language=en-GB}}</ref>
|Magnesium Silver, later repainted Blu Alfa
|-
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''041''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''Chassis used as F1 GTR.''
| style="background:#B8B8B8;" |''-''
|-
|042
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech.<ref name=":4" /> Sold in 2021 for $16,550,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1995 McLaren F1 Stradale VIN: 1A9MC99L3SA398042 - CLASSIC.COM |url=https://www.classic.com/veh/1995-mclaren-f1-stradale-1a9mc99l3sa398042-WNBmZ5W/ |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=www.classic.com |language=en}}</ref>
|Base Silver, later repainted red
|-
|043
|F1
|
|Black Metallic
|-
|044
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech. Sold in 2017 for $15,620,000. Currently owned by [[Lewis Hamilton]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-05 |title=VIN: the Herb Chambers / Lewis Hamilton McLaren F1 chassis 044 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/lewis-hamiltons-mclaren-f1-chassis-044 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Base Silver
|-
|045
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech.
|Dark Silver
|-
|046
|F1
|Sold to [[Ray Bellm]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHASSIS 046 |url=https://samiaal.kuvat.fi/kuvat/BEYOND+OF+EVERYTHING+-+MCLAREN+F1+%26+MCLAREN+F1+GTR+%26+HONDA+NSX/1993-1998+MCLAREN+F1+/MCLAREN+F1+-+ENGLISH/CHASSIS+046/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=samiaal.kuvat.fi |language=en}}</ref>
|Genesis Blue Metallic
|-
|047
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|048
|F1
|Sold to a customer in Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kidston |url=https://kidston.com/motorcars/2471-1996-mc-laren-f1/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Kidston |language=en}}</ref>
|Brilliant Blue Metallic
|-
|049
|F1
|
|Mercedes Brilliant Silver
|-
|050
|F1
|Fitted with high mounted mirrors.
|Painted Magnesium Silver
|-
|051
|F1
|
|Dark Metallic Green
|-
|052
|F1
|
|Dark Blue Mica
|-
|053
|F1
|Sold to a Japanese customer. Later imported to Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kidston |url=https://kidston.com/motorcars/1995-mclaren-f1-053/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Kidston |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2021-05-17 |title=VIN: the Yoshio Tsuzuki McLaren F1 chassis 053 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-053 |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Marlboro White
|-
|054
|F1 GT
|Owned by royal family of Brunei.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-08 |title=VIN: the Sultan of Brunei McLaren F1 GT chassis 54 F1 GT |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-gt-chassis-54-f1-gt |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Black
|-
|055
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech. Fitted with high mounted mirrors.
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|056
|F1 XP GT
|Prototype F1 GT owned by McLaren.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-24 |title=VIN: the prototype McLaren F1 GT chassis 56 XP GT |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-gt-chassis-56-xp-gt |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Silverstone Green
|-
|057
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|058
|F1 GT
|Sold to Yoshio Tsuzuki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-20 |title=VIN: the Yoshio Tsuzuki McLaren F1 GT chassis 58 F1 GT |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-gt-chassis-58-f1-gt |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Dark Burgundy<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-20 |title=VIN: the Yoshio Tsuzuki McLaren F1 GT chassis 58 F1 GT |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-gt-chassis-58-f1-gt |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|059
|F1
|Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-14 |title=VIN: the John Studholme McLaren F1 chassis 059 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-059 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|060
|F1
|
|Dandelion Yellow
|-
|061
|F1
|Sold to [[Rowan Atkinson]]. Crashed twice and repaired. Sold in 2015 for $12,200,000.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=How Mr Bean Crashed His McLaren F1 Twice and Sold It for A $11.3 Million Profit! |url=https://www.topgearmag.in/news/others/how-mr-bean-crashed-his-mclaren-f1-twice-and-sold-it-for-a-113-million-profit |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=www.topgearmag.in}}</ref>
|Dark Burgundy
|-
|062
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech and sold to [[Larry Ellison]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sealed - McLaren F1 062 {{!}} Auction Details |url=https://rmsothebys.com/auctions/mf25/ |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=RM Sotheby's |language=en}}</ref>
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|063
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|064
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|065
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|066
|F1
|
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|067
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech. Previously owned by [[Elon Musk]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-20 |title=VIN: the Elon Musk McLaren F1 chassis 067 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-067 |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|068
|F1
|Imported into the US.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kidston |url=https://kidston.com/motorcars/77-1997-mc-laren-f1/ |access-date=2025-08-19 |website=Kidston |language=en}}</ref>
|Mercedes Brilliant Silver
|-
|069
|F1
|Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit which was later removed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-05 |title=VIN: the James Munroe McLaren F1 chassis 069 |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-chassis-069 |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Mercedes Brilliant Silver, later repainted Carbon Black
|-
|070
|F1
|
|Mercedes Brilliant Silver
|-
|071
|F1
|Fitted with high mounted mirrors.
|Historic Orange
|-
|072
|F1
|
|Jet Black, later repainted White
|-
|073
|F1
|Retrofitted with High Downforce Kit and LM spec engine.
|AMG Green Velvet, later repainted Kandy Orange
|-
|074
|F1
|Imported into the US by Ameritech. Fitted with high mounted mirrors.
|Magnesium Silver
|-
|075
|F1
|Last production F1. Sold to Aziz Ojjeh, brother of Mansour Ojjeh.<ref name=":3" />
|Yquem
|-
|XP LM
|F1 LM
|Prototype F1 LM. Owned by McLaren
|Historic Orange<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-17 |title=VIN: McLaren F1 LM Prototype chassis XP LM |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-lm-prototype-chassis-xp-lm |access-date=2025-07-26 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|LM1
|F1 LM
|Owned by royal family of Brunei.
|Black with yellow, blue and silver striping (as LM4)
|-
|LM2
|F1 LM
|Sold to Yoshio Tsuzuki.<ref name=":5" />
|Historic Orange
|-
|LM3
|F1 LM
|Owned by [[Ralph Lauren]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-21 |title=McLaren F1 LM Guide |url=https://supercarnostalgia.com/blog/mclaren-f1-lm |access-date=2025-07-25 |website=Supercar Nostalgia |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Historic Orange
|-
|LM4
|F1 LM
|Owned by royal family of Brunei.<ref name=":1" />
|Black with yellow, blue and silver striping (as LM1)
|-
|LM5
|F1 LM
|Owned by royal family of Brunei.<ref name=":1" />
|Historic Orange
|}


== See also ==

* [[Production car speed record]]
* [[Timeline of most powerful production cars]]
* [[Gordon Murray Automotive T.50]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Driving Ambition: The Official Inside Story of the McLaren F1 ({{ISBN|1852278412}})
* Haymarket Magazines Ltd 1994, "F1 – McLaren's road car"
* F1 – McLaren's road car, An Autocar & Motor Book
* McLaren F1 GTR LM Sportscars Performance Portfolio ({{ISBN|1855206552}})
* The Fastest Cars From Around The World ({{ISBN|0-75254-100-5}})

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081204025453/http://www.mclarenautomotive.com/ Official McLaren Automotive website]

{{McLaren Automotive}}
{{McLaren}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mclaren F1}}
[[Category:McLaren vehicles|F1]]
[[Category:Coupés]]
[[Category:First car made by manufacturer]]
[[Category:Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:Cars introduced in 1992]]
[[Category:Cars with a centre driving position|McLaren F1]]