View source for Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

{{Short description|Government ministry of Japan}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name     = Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
| nativename      = {{lang|ja|厚生労働省}}
| nativename_a    = 
| nativename_r    = Kōsei-rōdō-shō
| logo            = Logo of MHLW(Japan).svg
| logo_width      = 200px
| picture         = GovernmentOfficeComplexNo5.jpg
| picture_width   = 250px
| formed          = {{start date|2001||}}
| preceding1      = {{nihongo|Ministry of Health and Welfare|厚生省|Kōsei-shō}}
| preceding2      = {{nihongo|Ministry of Labour|労働省|Rōdō-shō}}
| jurisdiction    = [[Government of Japan]]
| headquarters    = 1-2-2 [[Kasumigaseki]], [[Chiyoda, Tokyo|Chiyoda-ku]], [[Tokyo]], 100-8916 Japan
| minister1_name  = [[Takamaro Fukuoka]], [[Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare|Minister]]
| minister2_name  = [[Hirobumi Niki]], State Minister
| minister3_name  = [[Yoko Wanibuchi]], State Minister
| website         = {{URL|https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/|mhlw.go.jp/english}}
}}

The {{Nihongo|'''Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare'''|厚生労働省|Kōsei-rōdō-shō|lit. 'Ministry of Health and Labour'; '''MHLW'''}} is a [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] level ministry of the [[Government of Japan|Japanese government]]. It is commonly known as {{Nihongo|''Kōrō-shō''|厚労省}} in Japan. The ministry provides services on health, labour and welfare.

It was formed with the merger of the former Ministry of Health and Welfare or {{Nihongo|''Kōsei-shō''|厚生省}} and the Ministry of Labour or {{Nihongo|''Rōdō-shō''|労働省}}.

The Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare is a member of the [[Cabinet of Japan|Cabinet]] and is chosen by the [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]], typically from among members of the [[National Diet|Diet]].

==Organization==
The ministry contains the following sections as of 2019:<ref>[https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/org/detail/dl/organigram.pdf Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Organization Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002031130/https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/org/detail/dl/organigram.pdf|date=October 2, 2024}}</ref>
* The Minister's Secretariat (including the Statistics and Information Department)
* The Health Policy Bureau
* The Health Service Bureau
* Pharmaceutical and Food Safety Bureau (including the Food Safety Department)
* The [[Labour Standards Bureau]] (including the Industrial Safety and Health Department, Workers Compensation Department, and Workers' Life Department)
* The Employment Security Bureau (including the Employment Measures for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities Department)
* The Human Resources Development Bureau
* The Equal Employment, Children and Families Bureau
* The Social Welfare and War Victims' Relief Bureau (including the Department of Health and Welfare for People with Disabilities)
* The Health and Welfare Bureau for the Elderly
* The Health Insurance Bureau
* The Pension Bureau
* The Director-General for Policy Planning and Evaluation
* Affiliated research institutions (6 research institutes, 218 national hospitals, 13 quarantine stations, and 3 Social Welfare Facilities)
* Councils (Social Security Council, Health Sciences Council, Labour Policy Council, Medical Ethics Council, Pharmaceutical Affairs and Food Sanitation Council, Evaluation Committee for Independent Administrative institutions, Central Minimum Wages Council, Labour Insurance Appeal Committee, Central Social Insurance Medical Council, Examination Committee of Social Insurance, Examination Committee for Certification of Sickness and Disability, Examination Committee for Relief Assistances)
* Regional Bureaus (8 Regional Bureaus of Health and Welfare and 47 Prefectural Labour Bureaus)
* External Bureaus ([[Japan Pension Service]], [[Labour Relations Commission|Central Labour Relations Commission]])

==Investigations==

===Highway tour bus companies===
After a fatal bus accident on April 29, 2012, where a bus bound for [[Tokyo Disneyland]] crashed in [[Gunma Prefecture]] killing seven and injuring 39 others,<ref>The Japan Times [http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20120430a1.html Bus crash in Gunma leaves seven dead, 39 injured April 30 2012] Retrieved on July 27, 2012</ref> the ministry launched an investigation into highway bus companies. Investigations were carried out at a total of 339 businesses. It was discovered that 95.6% (324 firms) were violating the [[Labor Standards Act (Japan)|Labor Standards Law]] and the Industrial Safety and Health Law. 219 businesses (64.6%) broke the law by having their drivers work behind the wheel more than the legal maximum of eight hours a day and 40 hours a week, or longer than what was agreed upon with their [[Labor unions in Japan|labour union]]. It also found 37 businesses, (10.9%), did not provide "at least one day off a week," which the law obliges employers to give their drivers. Also, it found that 260 (76.6%) did not observe standards involving bus driver working hours, which prohibit them from working more than 16 hours a day in combined driving and office time. The ministry said it took "corrective measures" with those who violated the laws.<ref>The Yomiuri Shimbun [http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/T120719004995.htm 80% of tour bus firms found to violate laws July 20 2012] Retrieved on July 27, 2012</ref>

==Criticism==
Published ministry employee and outspoken critic Moriyo Kimura states that the ministry's medical officers (''ikei gikan'') are "corrupt and self-serving."  Kimura states that the officers, who number 250, have little experience and see no patients nor practice medicine after being hired by the ministry.  Thus, says Kimura, Japan's public health policies lag behind other developed countries, by "decades".<ref>Otake, Tomoko, "[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2009/11/01/general/ministry-insider-speaks-out/ Ministry insider speaks out]", ''[[Japan Times]]'', November 1, 2009, p. 10.</ref>

==See also==
* [[Clinical trial]]
* [[Drug development]]
* [[European Medicines Agency]]
* [[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
* {{Official|http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/index.html}}

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{{Ministries_of_Japan}}
{{Health ministries in Asia}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare| ]]
[[Category:Regulation in Japan|Health, Labour and Welfare]]
[[Category:National agencies for drug regulation]]
[[Category:Ministries of health|Japan]]
[[Category:Labour ministries|Japan]]
[[Category:Labor in Japan]]
[[Category:Regulators of biotechnology products]]
[[Category:Social affairs ministries|Japan]]
[[Category:Medical and health organizations based in Japan]]
[[Category:2001 establishments in Japan]]
[[Category:Government ministries established in 2001]]