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{{Short description|American politician (1798–1859)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image               = Mirabeaulamar 2.jpg
| order               = 2nd
| office              = President of the Republic of Texas
| term_start          = December 10, 1838
| term_end            = December 13, 1841
| vicepresident       = [[David G. Burnet]]
| predecessor         = [[Sam Houston]]
| successor           = Sam Houston
| office1             = 1st [[President of the Republic of Texas|Vice President of the Republic of Texas]]
| president1          = [[Sam Houston]]
| term_start1         = October 22, 1836
| term_end1           = December 10, 1838
| predecessor1        = [[Lorenzo de Zavala]] (interim)
| successor1          = [[David G. Burnet]]
| order2              = 4th
| office2             = United States Ambassador to Nicaragua
| president2          = [[James Buchanan]]
| term_start2         = February 8, 1858
| term_end2           = May 20, 1859
| predecessor2        = [[John H. Wheeler]]
| successor2          = [[Alexander Dimitry]]
| order3              = 3rd
| office3             = United States Ambassador to Costa Rica
| president3          = James Buchanan
| term_start3         = September 14, 1858
| term_end3           = May 20, 1859
| predecessor3        = [[Solon Borland]]
| successor3          = Alexander Dimitry
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1798|8|16}}
| birth_place         = [[Louisville, Georgia|Louisville]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], U.S.
| death_date          = {{death date and age|1859|12|19|1798|8|16}}
| death_place         = [[Richmond, Texas|Richmond]], [[Texas]], U.S.
| restingplace        = Morton Cemetery,<br />Richmond, Texas
| restingplacecoordinates = {{Coord|29.5858|-95.7633|type:landmark}}
| nationality         = [[United States|American]], [[Texian]]
| party               = [[Democratic-Republican Party]] <br /> [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
| spouse              = Tabitha Jordan Lamar (1826-1830; her death)<br />Henrietta Maffitt (m.1851)
| relations           = [[Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (I)|Lucius Q. C. Lamar]] (brother)<br />[[Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (II)|Lucius Q. C. Lamar II]] [[Thomas Jefferson Chappell]] [[Joseph Harris Chappell]] (nephews)<br>[[John Basil Lamar]] (cousin)
| children            = Rebecca Ann Lamar (born c.  1827)<br />Loretto Evalina Lamar
| residence           = 
| alma_mater          = 
| occupation          = 
| profession          = 
| signature           = Signature of Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar.png
| website             = 
| footnotes           = 
}}

[[Image:Lamar mounument at SFA University in Nacogdoches IMG 3333.JPG|thumb|right|Mirabeau Lamar monument at [[Stephen F. Austin State University]] in [[Nacogdoches, Texas|Nacogdoches]], [[Texas]], reads: "The cultivated mind is the guardian genius of [[democracy]]."]]

'''Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar''' (August 16, 1798 – December 19, 1859) was an American attorney, politician, poet, and leading political figure during the [[Republic of Texas|Texas Republic]] era. He was elected as the second [[president of the Republic of Texas]] after [[Sam Houston]]. He was known for waging war against bands of [[Cherokee]] and [[Comanche]] peoples to push them out of Texas, and for establishing a fund to support public education.

==Early life==
Lamar was born in 1798 in [[Louisville, Georgia]], then capitol of the state, as the second eldest of nine siblings, growing up at Fairfield, his father's cotton [[Plantations in the American South|plantation]] near [[Milledgeville, Georgia|Milledgeville]], then the later state capital.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=San Jacinto Museum of History - Lamar, Mirabeau Buonaparte (1798 Aug 16 – 1859 Dec 19) |url=http://www.sanjacintomuseum.org/Library/Veteran_Bios/Bio_page/ |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=San Jacinto Museum of History |language=en}}</ref> His family was descended from [[French Huguenot]] Thomas Lamar, who had settled in [[Maryland]] in 1660. His parents, John and Rebecca (Lamar) Lamar, who were [[first cousins]] through Thomas' sons John and Thomas,<ref name=":0" /> had allowed his mother's brother Zachariah to name their sons; he named them after his favorite historical heroes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Christian |first=A.K. |title=Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27794561 |journal=[[The Southwestern Historical Quarterly]] |year=1920 |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=153–170|jstor=27794561 }}</ref> The elder brother, [[Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar I|Lucius]], was named for the Roman statesman [[Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus]]; the younger, Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar, for French heroes [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] and [[Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau]]. The family had connections with other families throughout Georgia and [[Antebellum South|the South]].<ref name="hay">[https://www.jstor.org/stable/40577432?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Thomas Robson Hay, "Gazaway Bugg Lamar, "hi banker," he told him and Business Man"], ''The Georgia Historical Quarterly'' Vol. 37, No. 2 (June 1953), pp.&nbsp;89–128</ref><ref name="the">{{cite web |author=Herbert Gambrell |url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fla15 |title=Lamar, Mirabeau Buonaparte |work=Handbook of Texas History Online}}</ref> [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] politician [[John Basil Lamar]] was a first cousin to Lamar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Basil Lamar Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=25121 |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=The Historical Marker Database |language=en}}</ref> As a child, Lamar loved to read. Although he was accepted to [[Princeton University]] (then called the College of New Jersey), he chose not to attend. He started work as a merchant and then ran a newspaper, but both of those enterprises failed.
In 1823, Lamar's family connections helped him to gain a position as the private secretary to the newly elected Georgia Governor [[George M. Troup]]. In this position, Lamar issued press releases and toured the state, giving speeches on behalf of the governor. On one of his trips, he met Tabitha Burwell Jordan, whom he married in 1826.<ref name=hen35>Hendrickson (1995), p. 35.</ref> They had a daughter together.<ref name="tsha">{{cite web |author=Herbert Gambrell |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fla15 |title=Lamar, Mirabeau Buonaparte |work=Handbook of Texas History Online}}</ref>

When Troup lost his re-election bid in 1828, Lamar moved with his family to [[Columbus, Georgia]], where he established the ''[[Columbus Ledger-Enquirer|Columbus Enquirer]].''<ref name=cep>[http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/exhibits/presidents/lamar/m_lamar_jan_1828.html "Prospectus for the Columbus Enquirer, 1828"], Texas State Library, retrieved September 2008</ref> This venture was much more successful than his previous business attempts. In 1830, his wife Tabitha died of [[tuberculosis]].<ref name="archives">{{cite web |work=Giants of Texas History |url=https://www.tsl.texas.gov/treasures/giants/lamar/lamar-01.html |title=Mirabeau B. Lamar |publisher=Texas State Library and Archives Commission |access-date=5 March 2014}}</ref> Lamar was deeply affected and took time to recover his drive. He withdrew his name from consideration for re-election to the [[Georgia Senate]], in which he had served one term.

After traveling, Lamar began to study law. He was admitted to the [[Bar (law)|bar]] in 1833 and ran an unsuccessful campaign for a seat in the [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]].<ref name=hen35/>

==Texas Revolution==
Lamar's brother Lucius committed [[suicide]] in 1834. A grief-stricken Lamar began traveling again to ease his sorrow. In the summer of 1835, he reached [[Mexican Texas|Texas]], then part of Mexico. He decided to stay, where he was visiting his friend [[James Fannin]]. Fannin had recently settled there and was working as a [[slave trader]] in [[Velasco, Texas|Velasco]].<ref name=hen35/><ref name="archives"/>

After a trip back to Georgia, Lamar returned to Texas. Learning of a battle for independence, he traveled with his horse and sword to join Sam Houston's army in spring 1836, and distinguished himself with bravery at the [[Battle of San Jacinto]].<ref name=hen35/> On the eve of the battle, Lamar courageously rescued two surrounded Texians, an act that drew a salute from the Mexican lines. One of those rescued was [[Thomas Jefferson Rusk]], later appointed as Texas Secretary of War.<ref>Thomas Lamar Coughlin, ''Those Southern Lamars'' p. 324 {{ISBN|0-7388-2410-0}}</ref> Lamar was promoted that night from private to colonel and given command of the cavalry during the battle the following day.

Houston noted in his battle report: "Our cavalry, 61 in number, commanded by Mirabeau B. Lamar, (whose gallant and daring conduct on the previous day, had attracted the admiration of his comrades and called him to that station), placed on our right, completed our line."<ref name=Crane>[https://archive.org/details/cu31924028799389/page/88/mode/1up?view=theater Crane, William Carey, ''Life and Select Literary Remains of Sam Houston'', J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1885, p. 88.]</ref>

After Texas achieved independence from [[Centralist Republic of Mexico|Mexico]], Lamar was appointed as the Secretary of War in the interim [[Republic of Texas|Texian]] government. In 1836, he was elected to the position of Vice President of Texas.

==President of Texas==
Lamar, the unanimous choice as the nominee of the [[Democratic Party (Texas)|Democratic Party]] for the president to succeed Houston, was elected. He was inaugurated on December 1, 1838.<ref name=hen /> Houston talked for three hours in his farewell address, "which so unnerved Lamar that he was unable to read his inaugural speech."<ref name=hen /> It was given by his aide, Algernon P. Thompson.<ref name=hen /> Lamar's vice president was [[David G. Burnet]].

Several weeks later, in his first formal address to the [[Texas Congress]], Lamar urged that the [[Cherokee]] and [[Comanche]] tribes be driven from their lands in Texas, even if the tribes had to be destroyed. He proposed to create a national bank and to secure a loan from either the United States or [[Europe]]. Finally, he stated his opposition to potential annexation to the United States and desire to gain recognition of the Republic of Texas by European nations.<ref name=hen>Hendrick son (1995), p. 37.</ref>

He ordered attacks against the [[Native Americans in the United States|Indian]] tribes. In 1839, Texian troops drove the Cherokee bands from the state. Houston's friend, [[The Bowl (Cherokee chief)|Chief Bowles]], was killed in battle, and Houston was furious with Lamar. The government conducted a similar campaign against the Comanche. Although losing many lives, the Comanche resisted leaving the area.<ref name="hen" /> Lamar believed the [[Genocide of indigenous peoples|"total extinction" of the Indian tribes]] was necessary to make the lands available to whites.<ref>Anderson, Gary C. ''The Conquest of Texas: Ethnic Cleansing in the Promised Land 1820–1875'', 2005, p. 174, {{ISBN|0-8061-3698-7}}</ref> He drove the Indians out at the [[Battle of the Neches]], where 500 Texans attacked 800 American Indians of several different tribes. Of these 800, between 400 and 500 were women, children, and elders. The Texians and Rangers who attacked the tribes were fully armed, while the Indians had an estimated 16–24 rifles and pistols. Before the attack, Duwali, Gatunwali, Big Mush, and other chiefs and leaders asked for time to gather their crops, then they would go in peace, but Lamar would not wait.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}. Lamar ordered Secretary of War [[Albert Sidney Johnston]] and General [[Thomas Jefferson Rusk|Thomas J. Rusk]] to run them out of Texas.

Lamar appointed a commission to select a permanent site for the capital of the Republic.  After two months of debate, they recommended the small town of Waterloo, along the [[Colorado River (Texas)|Colorado River]] toward the center of the state. The town was renamed [[Austin, Texas|Austin]] after the pioneer [[Stephen F. Austin]]. By October 1839, all of the records and employees were relocated there from [[Houston, Texas|Houston]].<ref name="hen" /> That same year, Lamar founded the [[Texas State Library and Archives Commission|Texas State Library]].<ref name="hen" />

During his administration, Lamar sent three separate agents to Mexico to negotiate a peace settlement, all of which failed. Lamar failed to gain official recognition for Texas from [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Great Britain]], [[France]], and [[Belgium]]; it always eluded the would-be nation. He did succeed in getting the three nations to send observers, who would provisionally investigate the issue.<ref name=hen38>Hendrickson (1995), p. 38.</ref> He did not succeed in getting loans approved from them. To fill the treasury, he authorized issuance of a large amount of Republic of Texas paper money, known as [[Texas redbacks|Redbacks]]. The paper money was virtually worthless. Spending doubled during Lamar's term, and combined with the worthless currency, caused financial difficulties for the government.<ref name="hen" /><ref name=hen38 />

Lamar wanted the [[Rio Grande]] to be the western boundary of Texas. He wanted to send an [[Texan Santa Fe Expedition|expedition]] to [[New Mexico]] to conquer it, and convince the residents, still loyal to Mexico, to join the Republic. The Texas Congress refused to fund the expedition in 1839 and 1840. In June 1841, Lamar took $89,000 from the treasury and sent an expedition on his own initiative. It was questioned on constitutional grounds. Its members were arrested when they reached [[Santa Fe, New Mexico|Santa Fe]], and were told they would soon be released. Instead, under guard, they were marched to prison in [[Mexico City]], and many died during the journey.<ref name=hen38 />

Lamar has been called "the Father of Texas Education" because of his provisions of land to support it. During his administration, he convinced the legislature to set aside three leagues of land in each county to be devoted to school development. He also allotted 50 leagues of land for the support of two universities, later developed as [[Texas A&M University]] (1876), under the [[Morrill Act]], and [[University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas]] (1883). Although no facilities were constructed during his term, he provided the base for a statewide public school system.<ref name="hen" /> Government gave 18,000 acres of public land for public schools. He wanted education to be a priority to cultivate a knowledgeable citizenry.

In keeping with other slave societies in the South, Texas prohibited [[Free negro|free blacks]] from schools. A public school system was not firmly established until after the [[American Civil War]], when the [[Reconstruction era]] legislature created an endowment to finance a school system. In 1869, it passed a law to give the public school fund the proceeds from sale of public lands. The constitution of that year authorized the legislature to establish school districts and appoint directors. [[Freedmen]]'s children were included in the system, despite much opposition.<ref>W.E.B. Du Bois, ''Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880'', New York: Free Press, 1935/1998 edition, p. 560</ref>

When Lamar left office in 1841, Texas was almost $7 million in debt compared to $1.4 million when he was inaugurated in 1838. The majority of the debt was accrued from carrying out his policies.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mirabeau B. Lamar |work=Triumph and Tragedy: Presidents of the Republic of Texas |publisher=[[Texas State Library and Archives Commission]] |url=https://www.tsl.texas.gov/exhibits/presidents/lamar/mrprez.html |access-date=9 January 2017 |quote=... To finance his ambitious schemes, he counted on loans from England and France that never came through. During his term of office, the Texas government collected about a million dollars in taxes and spent almost five million.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Encyclopedia Britannica|author-link=Encyclopedia Britannica|title=Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar|year=1998|access-date=9 January 2017|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mirabeau-Buonaparte-Lamar|quote=Lamar's constant military campaigning against the Indians and his costly exploits into New Mexico nearly bankrupted Texas. When he left office in 1841, the republic's debt stood at more than $7,000,000.}}</ref>

==Later years==
[[File:Coat of Arms of Mirabeau B. Lamar.svg|upright|thumb|right|Coat of arms of Mirabeau B. Lamar]]
Houston was elected again as president after Lamar. The latter returned to service in the army, and distinguished himself in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] at the [[Battle of Monterrey]] during the [[Mexican–American War]]. During this time, money was tight in Texas; Lamar borrowed money from his banker cousin [[Gazaway Bugg Lamar]]. Some of the letters on this subject between the two still exist.<ref>Gulick, Charles Adams Jr, ''The Papers of Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar,'' A.C. Baldwin & Sons</ref> In late 1847, he was assigned as a post commander at [[Laredo, Texas|Laredo]], but disliked the job, as he wanted more action.<ref name=hen39>Hendrickson (1995), p. 39.</ref>

Lamar was elected from Eagle Pass in the [[Texas Legislature]] for several years after [[Texas annexation|Texas was annexed]] to the [[United States]] in 1845. In 1857, President [[James Buchanan]] appointed Lamar as the Minister to [[Nicaragua]], and a few months later to [[Costa Rica]]. He served in [[Managua]] for 20 months before returning to Texas in October 1859 because of poor health. He died of a heart attack at his [[Richmond, Texas|Richmond]] plantation on December 19, 1859.<ref name=hen39/>

Lamar's volume of collected poems, ''Verse Memorials'', was published in 1857 (New York, W.P. Fetridge & Co., 224 pages

==Legacy==
<!-- [[File:MirabeauLamar.jpg|thumb|The Mirabeau Statue on the campus of [[Lamar University]].]] -->
[[File:Mirabeau Lamar monument and Fort Bend County Courthouse Richmond Texas.jpg|thumb|Mirabeau Lamar monument at the [[Fort Bend County Courthouse]] in [[Richmond, Texas]].]]
* [[Lamar County, Texas|Lamar County]], in northeast Texas, and [[Lamar, Texas|Lamar]], a small unincorporated community in [[Aransas County, Texas|Aransas County]] on the Texas Gulf Coast, are named for him. Dallas and Houston  have a prominent Lamar Street in their downtown areas. Lamar Boulevard, a major thoroughfare in central Austin, also carries his name, as do other streets in many older communities across Texas.
* Mirabeau B. Lamar is the namesake of [[Lamar, Missouri]]<ref>{{cite book |author=Eaton |first=David Wolfe |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_RfAuAAAAYAAJ/page/n6/mode/1up?q=lamar |title=How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named ... |publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri |others=Reprinted From The Missouri Historical Review |year=1916 |volume=10 |page=18 |issue=3}}</ref> birthplace of [[Harry S. Truman]].
* [[Lamar University]] in [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]] was named for him in 1932. It is the largest educational facility to be named for the former Texas President, and has an enrollment of over 17,000 students. The campus features a commemorative bust of Lamar.
* The defunct [[Lamar University System]] named all of its member institutions after him; these included the flagship [[Lamar University]] in [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]], and the member institutions [[Lamar State College–Port Arthur]], [[Lamar State College–Orange]] (both two-year community colleges), and [[Lamar Institute of Technology]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/lamar-university |title=Lamar University |first=Ralph A. |last=Wooster |orig-date=1976 |date=April 18, 2018 |work=[[Handbook of Texas]] Online |access-date=November 23, 2023}}</ref>
* High schools are named for Lamar in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]], [[Arlington, Texas|Arlington]], and [[Rosenberg, Texas|Rosenberg]].
* Middle schools are named for Lamar in [[Temple, Texas|Temple]], [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]], [[Irving, Texas|Irving]], [[Laredo, Texas|Laredo]], and [[Flower Mound, Texas|Flower Mound]].
* Elementary schools are named for Lamar in [[Amarillo, Texas|Amarillo]], [[Corpus Christi, Texas|Corpus Christi]], [[El Paso, Texas|El Paso]], [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]], [[Wichita Falls, Texas|Wichita Falls]], and [[The Woodlands, Texas|The Woodlands]], as are numerous other K–12 schools throughout the state.
* During the Second World War, a Liberty ship was named for him {{SS|Mirabeau B. Lamar}}. 
* In 1959 he was inducted into the [[Georgia Newspaper Hall of Fame]] for his journalistic work.<ref name=Smyly>{{cite news|title=Ike Scored On Secret Fund Use |author=Smyly, John | newspaper=Atlanta Constitution | pages=1, 5 | date=February 21, 1959 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/54544950/ike-scored-on-secret-fund-use-pages-1/ | via=newspapers.com | access-date=July 1, 2020 }}</ref>

==In popular culture==
* [[Preston Jones (playwright)|Preston Jones]]'s play ''The Oldest Living Graduate'', part of his ''[[A Texas Trilogy]]'', features a fictional Lamar Military Academy. 
* [[S.C. Gwynne]]'s history of the Comanche people, ''[[Empire of the Summer Moon]]'', describes Lamar's directing the Comanche wars in vivid detail in chapter 6, "Blood and Smoke".

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Christian, Asa Kyrus. "Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar." ''Southwestern Historical Quarterly'' 24.3 (1921): 195-234. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/30234802.pdf  online]

* Christian, Asa Kyrus. ''Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar'' (Von Boeckmann-Jones, 1922) [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=tLK3l2EM1IkC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Mirabeau+Lamar.&ots=c4sWwHjcS8&sig=vfbRQYKu0zGs40i9Vb1bLvLTAqE  online].

* Friedenberg, Edgar Z. "Francis Keppel and Mirabeau B. Lamar." ''Teachers College Record'' 68.2 (1966): 1-13.

* Gambrell, Herbert. “Lamar, Mirabeau Buonaparte.” ''Handbook of Texas Online'' [https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fla15. online]

* Hansard, William J. " Guardian genius of democracy: The educational crusades of Mirabeau B. Lamar, 1837-1840" [https://www.academia.edu/download/57906750/Guardian_Genius_of_Democracy.pdf online]
* Hendrickson, Kenneth E. (1995), ''Chief Executives of Texas: From Stephen F. Austin to John B. Connally, Jr.'', {{ISBN|978-0-890966419}}
* {{citation|first=Thomas Lamar |last=McLaughlin |title=Those Southern Lamar: the stories of five illustrious Lamar <!--|publisher=Librium Corp.--> |year=2000 |isbn=0-7388-2410-0}}
* {{citation|last=Ramsay|first=Jack C.|title=Thunder Beyond the Brazos: Mirabeau B. Lamar, a Biography |publisher=Eakins Press |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-89015-462-5}}

* Scheer, Mary L. "Mirabeau B. Lamar: Poet, President, and a Namesake for a University." ''East Texas Historical Journal'' 52.1 (2014): [https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2714&context=ethj online]

* {{citation|last=Sieges|first=Stanley|title=The Poet President of Texas: The Life of Mirabeau B. Lamar, President of the Republic of Texas |location=Austin |publisher=Jenkins Pub Co |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-8363-0153-3}}

* Winfrey, Dorman H. "Mirabeau H. Lamar and Texas Nationalism." ''Southwestern Historical Quarterly'' 59.2 (1955): 184-205. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/30235229 online]

===Primary sources===
* Lamar, Mirabeau Buonaparte. ''The Papers of Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar'' (AC Baldwin, 1924)  [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=gi81AAAAIAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA126&dq=Mirabeau+Lamar.&ots=lUSby0jF6w&sig=qN1Ai3YZrT-3U1i0DIeKVDZZS2g  online].

==External links==
{{Portal|Texas|Politics}}
{{wikisource|works=or}}
* [http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.com/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3734 Mirabeau B. Lamar] New Georgia Encyclopedia Article
* {{Handbook of Texas|id=fla15|name=Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar}}
* Sketch of  [http://texashistory.unt.edu/widgets/pager.php?object_id=meta-pth-5828&recno=305&path=meta-pth-5828.tkl  Mirabeau Lamar] from [https://web.archive.org/web/20080723155832/http://texashistory.unt.edu/permalink/meta-pth-5828 ''A pictorial history of Texas, from the earliest visits of European adventurers, to A.D. 1879''], hosted by the [http://texashistory.unt.edu/ Portal to Texas History].
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060904234201/http://tides.sfasu.edu/AN18/A31B1F4a.php?culture=2&chrono=5&index=0 U.S. & Texas Jurisdiction Conflict, June 3, 1839], From [https://web.archive.org/web/20060822022222/http://tides.sfasu.edu/ ''Texas Tides'']
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar}}
* {{Librivox author |id=8802}}
* {{Find a Grave|6548954}}
* [https://www.tsl.texas.gov/treasures/republic/san-jacinto/report-03.html Houston's San Jacinto Battle Report]
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{{s-off}}
{{Succession box
| title=[[List of Vice Presidents of the Republic of Texas|Vice President of the Republic of Texas]]
| before=[[Lorenzo de Zavala]]<br />'' '''ad interim''' ''
| after=[[David G. Burnet]]
| years=1836–1838
}}
{{Succession box
| title=[[President of the Republic of Texas]]
| before=[[Sam Houston]]<br />'' '''first term''' ''
| after=Sam Houston<br />'' '''second term''' ''
| years=1838–1842
}}
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef
 | before = [[John H. Wheeler]]
}}
{{s-ttl
 | title = [[United States Ambassador to Nicaragua|United States Minister to Nicaragua]]
 | years = February 8, 1858–May 20, 1859
}}
{{s-aft
 | after = [[Alexander Dimitry]]
 | rows = 2
}}
|-
{{s-vac
 | last = [[Solon Borland]]
}}
{{s-ttl
 | title = [[United States Ambassador to Costa Rica|United States Minister to Costa Rica]]
 | years = September 14, 1858–May 20, 1859
}}
{{S-end}}

{{TXPresidents}}
{{TXVicePresidents}}
{{Republic of Texas}}
{{Lamar University}}
{{US Ambassadors to Costa Rica}}
{{Lamar County, Texas}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lamar, Mirabeau B.}}
[[Category:Lamar County, Texas]]
[[Category:Lamar University]]
[[Category:1798 births]]
[[Category:1859 deaths]]
[[Category:Georgia (U.S. state) state senators]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the Texas House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Republic of Texas]]
[[Category:Vice presidents of the Republic of Texas]]
[[Category:People of the Texas Revolution]]
[[Category:Politicians from Columbus, Georgia]]
[[Category:American newspaper founders]]
[[Category:People from Rosenberg, Texas]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Argentina]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Nicaragua]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Journalists from Texas]]
[[Category:19th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:19th-century American diplomats]]
[[Category:Lamar family|Mirabeau B.]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the Texas Legislature]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the Georgia General Assembly]]