View source for Moimenta da Beira

{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision
| type            = municipality
|official_name      = 
|image_flag         = Pt-mbr1.png
|flag_border        = no
|image_shield       = MBR.png
|image_skyline      =Moimenta da Beira - Portugal (8508036738) (cropped - 2).jpg 
|image_caption      = 
|image_location     = LocalMoimentaDaBeira.svg
|region             = [[Norte Region, Portugal|Norte]]
|CIM                = [[Douro (intermunicipal community)|Douro]]
|district           = [[Viseu District|Viseu]]
|parishes           = [[#Geography|16]]
|leader_name        = José Eduardo Ferreira
|leader_party       = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|40|58|47|N|7|36|49|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
|elevation          = 894
|elevation_min      = 
|elevation_max      = 
|area_total         = 219.97
|population_as_of   = 2011
|population_total   = 10212
|patron             = [[John the Baptist|São João Baptista]]
|postal_code        = 3620
|area_code          = 254 
|website            = http://www.cm-moimenta.pt/
}}

'''Moimenta da Beira''' ({{IPA|pt-PT|mojˈmẽtɐ ðɐ ˈβɐjɾɐ|-|Pt-pt Moimenta da Beira FF.ogg}}) is a [[List of Portuguese municipalities|municipality]] in the northern part of Portugal, located in the [[Viseu (district)|district of Viseu]]. The population in 2011 was 10,212,<ref>[http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xlang=en&xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0005889&contexto=pi&selTab=tab0 Instituto Nacional de Estatística]</ref> in an area of 219.97&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/documents/PT-LAU.xls Eurostat]</ref><ref>{{citation|editor=IGP|year=2011|language=Portuguese|title=Carta Administrativa Oficial de Portugal|location=Lisbon, Portugal|publisher=Instituto Geográfico Português}}</ref>

==History==
Moimenta's history is fairly recent: [[Alfonso III of Asturias]] conquered Lamego from the Moors, when the first settlements along the Douro began by remnants of Visigothic tribes.<ref name="CMHistoria">{{cite web|title=História do Município|url=http://www.cm-moimenta.pt/|publisher=Câmara Municipal de Moimenta da Beira|location=Moimenta da Beira, Portugal|editor=Câmara Municipal|accessdate=15 June 2011|year=2011|language=Portuguese}}</ref> ''"And there they entered into power, becoming absolute masters of everything that the force of arms would take"'', from the writings of the Scribe Santa Rosa Viterbo.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

These bands created rural villages and homes that received in their local dialects the names Leomil, Baldos, Alvite, Toitam, Milieu, Segões, Sever and Ariz.<ref name=CMHistoria/> The inhabitants of the mountains and [[Castro culture|castros]], such as Pêra, Caria and São Félix, began to descend into the valleys, abandoning the rudimentary and fragile fortifications to work in the towns for the signeurial masters.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

During this epoch, one of these lands (actually insignificant), whose name was implied to the localities ceremonial and funerary importance; it served as a place of homage and worship of the dead, and its name ''Moimenta'' ({{langx|en|monument}}) was in reference to its mausoleum in honour of the dead.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

By the 12th century all the civil parishes that now exist were already part of the Moimenta administration, although Leomil (''Couto'') and Caria (''Honra'') had their own magistrate until 1258.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

One hundred years later, in the 14th century, the lands of the municipality of Moimenta da Beira, had three ecclesiastical parishes: Santa Maria de Caria, Santa Maria de Lobozaim and São Tiago de Leomil. Sever and Alvite were part of the ''Couto de São João de Tarouca'' (a military administration) created in 1140, while Vilar was part of the ''Honra de Fonte Arcada'' (an honorific title bestowed to nobility).<ref name=CMHistoria/> After the 14th century, as the management of rural territories necessitated an administrative authority, eight municipalities were established in the region, which extended into the 19th century: Paçô; Nagosa e Castelo; Sever e Alvite; Pêra e Peravelha; Ariz e Peva; and Moimenta (then known as ''Moimenta de São João Baptista de Leomil''), were formed at the expense of Leomil. Meanwhile, the parishes of Paradinha, Cabaços e Baldos, were separated from Leomil (resulting in this municipality only retaining the parishes of Sarzedo and Paraduça).<ref name=CMHistoria/> Finally, the municipality of Caria, already a municipal seat with [[pillory]] in the ''Vila da Rua'', included the small parishes of Arcozelos, Aldeia de Nacomba, Faia, Penso, Carregal, Lamosa, Quintela da Lapa and Segões.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

The administrative reform of 1834 initiated a concentration of municipal authority in fewer administrative units: the small municipalities of Peravelha, Castelo, Nagosa and Arcos were extinguished and incorporated into the municipality of Moimenta da Beira; the municipality of Caria received the parishes of Arcozelos, Aldeia de Nacomba and Segões; and Leomil grew to include the municipalities of Paçô and Sever.<ref name=CMHistoria/> In 1855 the municipality of Leomil was extinct and all its assets redistributed to Moimenta da Beira, which also received the parish of Vilar from the extinguished municipality of Sernancelhe.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

On 21 May 1896, Caria and Rua were transferred from Sernancelhe to Moimenta da Beira. In the short span of 21 yeast, the small municipality of Moimenta, which included only Moimenta, Paradinha, Cabaços and Baldos, in 1834, grew to 19 by 1855.<ref name=CMHistoria/> It was only in 1896 when the geographic limits were finally settled.

==Geography==
===Climate===
Moimenta has a [[Mediterranean climate]] with warm to hot, dry summers and cold, wet winters.

{{Weather box
|location = Moimenta da Beira, 1961-1985, altitude: {{convert|670|m|abbr=on}}, precipitation 1981-2019
|metric first = yes
|single line = Yes

|Jan high C = 9.3
|Feb high C = 10.7
|Mar high C = 12.8
|Apr high C = 15.5
|May high C = 18.8
|Jun high C = 23.7
|Jul high C = 27.4
|Aug high C = 27.5
|Sep high C = 24.9
|Oct high C = 18.7
|Nov high C = 12.9
|Dec high C = 9.5
|year high C =

|Jan mean C = 4.6
|Feb mean C = 5.7
|Mar mean C = 7.2
|Apr mean C = 9.4
|May mean C = 12.0
|Jun mean C = 16.0
|Jul mean C = 18.6
|Aug mean C = 18.3
|Sep mean C = 16.6
|Oct mean C = 12.1
|Nov mean C = 7.5
|Dec mean C = 4.8
|year mean C =

|Jan low C = 0.0
|Feb low C = 0.7
|Mar low C = 1.5
|Apr low C = 3.2
|May low C = 5.3
|Jun low C = 8.3
|Jul low C = 9.7
|Aug low C = 9.1
|Sep low C = 8.3
|Oct low C = 5.5
|Nov low C = 2.0
|Dec low C = 0.2
|year low C =

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 118.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 94.1
|Mar precipitation mm = 54.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 87.3
|May precipitation mm = 64.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 29.7
|Jul precipitation mm = 13.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 15.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 39.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 109.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 105.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 123.2
|year precipitation mm =

|source 1 = [[IPMA]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Plano de Gestão da Região hidrográfica do Douro |url=https://apambiente.pt/sites/default/files/_SNIAMB_Agua/DRH/PlaneamentoOrdenamento/PGRH/2010-2015/PTRH1/PGRH_1_RH1_Parte2.pdf |publisher=APA |access-date=25 June 2021 |pages=136}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=SNIRH > Dados de Base |url=https://snirh.apambiente.pt/snirh/_dadosbase/site/janela_relatorio.php?sites=920685418&pars=1436794570&tmin=01/05/1981&tmax=26/06/2021 |website=snirh.apambiente.pt}}</ref>
}}

{| border="0" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" style="float:right;"
|
{{stack|
{{Historical populations
|title = Population of<br>Moimenta da Beira<br><small>(1801 - 2011)</small>
| 1801 | 1747
| 1849 | 6851
| 1900 | 14555
| 1930 | 13578
| 1960 | 15272
| 1981 | 12809
| 1991 | 12317
| 2001 | 11074
| 2011 | 10212
}}
}}
|}
The municipality is bounded by [[Tabuaço]] the northeast, [[Sernancelhe]] in the southeast, [[Sátão]] in the south, [[Vila Nova de Paiva]] in the west and [[Tarouca]] and [[Armamar]] in the northwest.

Administratively, the municipality is divided into 16 civil parishes (''[[freguesia (Portugal)|freguesias]]''):<ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 74|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |accessdate=28 July 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=Portuguese|format=pdf}}</ref>
* Alvite
* Arcozelos
* Baldos
* Cabaços
* Caria
* Castelo
* Leomil
* Moimenta da Beira
* [[Paradinha e Nagosa]]
* Passô
* [[Pêra Velha, Aldeia de Nacomba e Ariz]]
* Peva e Segões
* [[Rua (Moimenta da Beira)|Rua]]
* Sarzedo
* [[Sever, Moimenta da Beira|Sever]]
* Vilar

== Notable people ==
* [[Luís Pinto de Sousa Coutinho, 1st Viscount of Balsemão]] (1735 in Leomil – 1804) a Portuguese nobleman, politician, colonial administrator and diplomat.
* [[João Manuel (footballer, born 1967)|João Manuel]] (1967-2005) a Portuguese football player with over 380 club caps.
* [[Kiko Bondoso]] (born 1995) a Portuguese footballer with over 200 club caps

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Wikivoyage}}
{{Municipalities of Viseu}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Portugal]]
[[Category:Populated places in Viseu District]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Viseu District]]