View source for Montmartre Cemetery

{{Short description|Cemetery in Paris, France}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}

The '''Cemetery of Montmartre''' ({{langx|fr|link=no|Cimetière de Montmartre}}) is a cemetery in the [[18th arrondissement of Paris]], [[France]], that dates to the early 19th century. Officially known as the '''Cimetière du Nord''', it is the third largest necropolis in Paris, after the [[Père Lachaise Cemetery]] and the [[Montparnasse Cemetery]].

==History==
In the mid-18th century, overcrowding in the cemeteries of Paris had created numerous problems, from impossibly high funeral costs to unsanitary living conditions in the surrounding neighborhoods. In the 1780s, the [[Cimetière des Innocents]] was officially closed and citizens were banned from burying corpses within the city limits of Paris. During the early 19th century, new cemeteries were constructed outside the precincts of the capital: Montmartre in the north, [[Père Lachaise Cemetery]] in the east, [[Passy Cemetery]] in the west and [[Montparnasse Cemetery]] in the south.

The Montmartre Cemetery was opened on 1 January 1825. It was initially known as le '''Cimetière des Grandes Carrières''' (Cemetery of the Large Quarries).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Waldman|first1=Benjamin|title=The Treasures of the Montmartre Cemetery|url=http://untappedcities.com/2012/03/06/the-treasures-of-the-montmartre-cemetery/|website=untapped cities|access-date=10 July 2014}}</ref> The name referenced the cemetery's unique location, in an abandoned gypsum quarry. The quarry had previously been used during the [[French Revolution]] as a mass grave. It was built below street level, in the hollow of an abandoned gypsum quarry located west of the ''Butte'' near the beginning of Rue Caulaincourt in ''[[Place de Clichy]].'' As is still the case today, its sole entrance was constructed on Avenue Rachel under Rue Caulaincourt.<ref>{{cite web|title=Montmartre cemetery|url=http://www.paris.fr/english/heritage-and-sights/cemeteries/montmartre-cemetery/rub_8222_stand_34189_port_19019|website=Mairie de Paris|access-date=10 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173403/http://www.paris.fr/english/heritage-and-sights/cemeteries/montmartre-cemetery/rub_8222_stand_34189_port_19019|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

A popular tourist destination, Montmartre Cemetery is the final resting place of many famous artists who lived and worked in the [[Montmartre]] area.

==Notable interments==
[[File:H.G. et Inès CLOUZOT, tombe.jpg|thumb|[[Henri-Georges Clouzot]]'s grave]]
[[File:Tombe Degas 1.jpg|thumb|Tomb of [[Edgar Degas]]]]
[[File:Tomb of Alexandre Dumas, fils.jpg|thumb|The tomb of [[Alexandre Dumas, fils|Alexandre Dumas, ''fils'']]]]
[[File:Renée Falconetti Grave.jpg|thumb|right|[[Renée Jeanne Falconetti]]]]
[[File:Grave of Jean Léon Gérôme and Aimé-Nicolas Morot - Montmartre Cemetery.jpg|thumb|Grave of [[Jean Léon Gérôme]], [[Aimé Morot]] and family (Cimetière de Montmartre, 18th division)]]
[[File:Das Grab Heines.JPG|thumb|right|[[Heinrich Heine]]]]
[[File:Tomb of Daniel Iffla at Montmartre Cemetery, 2012.jpg|thumb|right|[[Daniel Iffla]]]]
[[File:Cimetière de Montmartre - tombe de Miecislas Kamieński 001.jpg|thumb|Statue on the tomb of Miecislas Kamieński]]
[[File:Margaret KELLY LEIBOVICI (Miss BLUEBELL) - Cimetière Montmartre.JPG|thumb|[[Margaret Kelly Leibovici]]]]
[[File:Vaslav Nijinsky tombstone.jpg|thumb|upright|Tombstone of [[Vaslav Nijinsky]] in Cimetière de Montmartre in Paris. The statue shows Nijinsky as the puppet [[Petrouchka]].]]
[[File:Offenbach jaques grave montmartre paris 04.jpg|thumb|upright|Tomb of [[Jacques Offenbach]].]]
[[File:Stendhal tombe cimetiere Montmartre.jpg|thumbnail|upright|Tomb of [[Stendhal]]]]
[[File:Montmartre-Truffaut.JPG|thumb|[[François Truffaut]]]]
* [[Adolphe Adam]] (1803–1856), composer
* [[Yvette Alde]] (1911–1967), painter
* [[Charles-Valentin Alkan]] (1813–1888), composer
* [[André-Marie Ampère]] (1775–1836), physicist (namesake of electrical unit [[ampere]])
* [[Édouard André]] (1840–1911), landscape architect
* [[Murder of Chloé Ansel|Chloé Ansel]] (2006–2015), murder victim
* [[Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga]] (1806–1826), composer
* [[Alfred-Arthur Brunel de Neuville]] (1852–1941), painter
* [[Benjamin Ball (physician)]] (1833–1893), psychiatrist
* [[Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville]] (1680–1767), explorer, governor, founder of [[New Orleans]]
* [[Michel Berger]] (1947–1992), composer, singer
* [[Hector Berlioz]] (1803–1869), composer (originally buried in a less prominent plot in the same cemetery)
* [[Léon Boëllmann]] (1862–1897), composer and organist
* [[Alexandre Boëly]] (1785–1858), composer and organist
* [[Mélanie Bonis|Mélanie "Mel" Bonis]] (1858–1937), composer
* [[François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé]] (1739–1800), royalist general named in the French National Anthem, {{Lang|fr|[[La Marseillaise]]|italic=no}}
* [[Lili Boulanger]] (1893–1918), composer
* [[Nadia Boulanger]] (1887–1979), composer
* [[Georges Hilaire Bousquet]] (1846–1937), jurist, legal scholar
* [[Marcel Boussac]] (1889–1980), entrepreneur
* [[Giuseppina Bozzacchi]], (1853–1870), ballerina
* [[Victor Brauner]] (1903–1966), painter
* [[Václav Brožík]] (1851–1901), [[Czech people|Czech]] painter
* [[Alfred-Arthur Brunel de Neuville]] (1852–1941), painter
* [[Myles Byrne]] (1780–1862), Irish revolutionary soldier
* [[Moïse de Camondo]] (1860–1935), banker
* [[Nissim de Camondo]] (1892–1917), banker, World War I pilot
* [[Aimée Campton]] (1882–1930), actress 
* [[Pierre Cardin]] (1922–2020), Fashion Designer
* [[Marie-Antoine Carême]] (1784–1833), famed inventor of classical cuisine
* [[Louis-Eugène Cavaignac]] (1802–1857), politician
* [[Fanny Cerrito]] (1817–1909), Italian ballerina
* [[Jean-Martin Charcot]] (1825–1893), neurologist
* [[Jacques Charon]] (1920–1975), actor
* [[Théodore Chassériau]] (1819–1856), painter
* [[Henri-Georges Clouzot]] (1907–1977), director and screenwriter
* [[Véra Clouzot]] (1913–1960), actress
* [[Henri-Bernard Dabadie]] (1797–1853), operatic baritone<ref name=Tamvaco>Allée Montmorency, concession no. 408/1853. See Tamvaco, Jean-Louis (2000). "Dabadie / Leroux [les]", pp. 919–921, in ''Les Cancans de l'Opéra: Chroniques de l'Académie Royale de Musique et du théâtre, à Paris sous les deux Restaurations''. [[CNRS]]. 1307 pages. {{OCLC|1063925895}}. {{ISBN|2271057426}}.</ref>
* [[Zulmé Dabadie]] (1795–1877), operatic soprano<ref name=Tamvaco/> 
* [[Dalida]] (1933–1987), Egyptian-born Italo-French singer and actress
* [[Louis Antoine Debrauz de Saldapenna]] (1811–1871), Austrian writer and diplomat
* [[Edgar Degas]] (1834–1917), Impressionist painter, sculptor
* [[Léo Delibes]] (1836–1891), composer of [[Romantic music]]
* [[Maria Deraismes]] (1828–1894), social reformer, feminist
* [[Narcisse Virgilio Díaz]] (1808–1876), painter
* [[William Didier-Pouget]] (1864–1959), artist painter
* [[Maxime Du Camp]] (1822–1894), author
* [[Norbert Dufourcq]] (1904–1990), organist, musicologist, writer
* [[Alexandre Dumas, fils|Alexandre Dumas, ''fils'']] (1824–1895), novelist, playwright
* [[Marie Duplessis]] (1824–1847), courtesan, ''[[The Lady of the Camellias]]''
* [[François Duprat]] (1941–1978), assassinated political radical
* [[Renée Jeanne Falconetti]] (1892–1946), actress, notable for ''[[La Passion de Jeanne d'Arc]]''.
* [[Georges Feydeau]] (1862–1921), playwright of ''[[Belle Époque|La Belle Époque]]''
* [[Léon Foucault]] (1819–1868), scientist
* [[Charles Fourier]] (1772–1837), utopian socialist
* [[Christopher Fratin]] (1801–1864), [[animalier]] sculptor
* [[Carole Fredericks]] (1952–2001), [[African American|African-American]] singer
* [[France Gall]] (1947–2018), singer
* [[Theophile Gautier]] (1811–1872), poet, novelist
* [[Jean-Léon Gérôme]] (1824–1904), painter
* [[Eugène Gigout]] (1844–1925), composer and organist
* [[José Melchor Gomis]] (1791–1836), Spanish Romantic composer
* [[Edmond de Goncourt]] (1822–1896), author/publisher, brother of Jules (patron of the ''[[Prix Goncourt]]'')
* [[Jules de Goncourt]] (1830–1870), author/publisher, brother of Edmond and buried in the same grave. Also patron of the ''[[Prix Goncourt]]'' 
* [[Amédée Gordini]] (1899–1979), [[Gordini|Gordini sports car]] manufacturer
* [[La Goulue]] (Louise Weber) (1866–1929), [[Can-can]] dancer (she was originally buried in the [[Cimetière de Pantin]])
* [[Jean-Baptiste Greuze]] (1725–1805), artist
* [[Béla Grünwald]] (1839–1891), Hungarian historian and politician
* [[Jules Guérin]] (1860–1910), nationalist political radical 
* [[Lucien Guitry]] (1860–1925), actor
* [[Sacha Guitry]] (1885–1957), actor/director
* [[Charles Gumery]] (1827–1871), sculptor
* [[Fromental Halévy]] (1799–1862), composer
* [[Heinrich Heine]] (1797–1856), German poet
* [[Fanny Heldy]] (1888–1973), Belgian soprano
* [[Jacques Ignace Hittorff]] (1792–1867), architect
* [[François-André Isambert]] (1792–1857), lawyer, historian, and politician
* [[Daniel Iffla]] (1825–1907), Jewish philanthropist and financier
* [[Maurice Jaubert]] (1900–1940), composer, conductor
* [[André Jolivet]] (1905–1974), composer
* [[Marcel Jouhandeau]] (1888–1979), author
* [[Louis Jouvet]] (1887–1951), actor
* [[Anna Judic]] (1850–1911), actress, chanteuse
* [[Antoine-Henri Jomini]] (1779–1869), general, military author
* [[Friedrich Kalkbrenner]] (1784–1849), pianist, composer
* Miecislas Kamieński, a [[Poland|Polish]] soldier who was a volunteer in the French Army and was killed in the [[Battle of Magenta]], mentioned because the statue by [[:fr:Jules Franceschi|Jules Franceschi]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Baxter |first=John |date=2011–2012 |title=Chronicles of Old Paris: Exploring the Historic City of Light |location=New York |publisher=Museyon |page=227 }}</ref> 
* [[Julian Klemczyński]], (1807 or 1810–1851?), pianist, composer
* [[Marie-Pierre Kœnig]] (1898–1970), [[Free French]] Field Marshal
* [[Bernard-Marie Koltès]] (1948–1989), playwright, director
* [[Joseph Kosma]] (1905–1969), composer
* [[Slavko Kopač]] (1913–1995), Croatian-French painter, sculptor and poet
* [[Eugène Marin Labiche|Eugène Labiche]] (1815–1888), dramatist
* [[Dominique Laffin]] (1952–1985), actress
* [[Charles Lamoureux]] (1834–1899), violinist
* [[Jean Lannes]] (1769–1809), Marshal of France (heart-burial only, the body is in the Pantheon)
* [[Jules Joseph Lefebvre]] (1836–1911), painter
* [[Margaret Kelly Leibovici]] (1910–2004), "Miss Bluebell", Irish dancer
* [[Frédérick Lemaître]] (1800–1876), actor
* [[Pauline Leroux]] (1809–1891), dancer
* [[Élisabeth Leseur]] (1866–1914), mystic
* [[José Yves Limantour]] (1854–1935) [[Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit|Mexican Secretary of Finance]]
* [[Emma Livry]] (1842–1863), ballet dancer
* [[Édouard Lucas]] (1842–1891), mathematician
* [[Aimé Maillart]] (1817–1871), composer
* [[Henri Meilhac]] (1830–1897), dramatist
* [[Mary Marquet]] (1895–1979), actress
* [[Victor Massé]] (1822–1884), composer
* [[Auguste de Montferrand]] (1786–1858), architect
* [[José María Luis Mora]] (1794–1850), Mexican politician
* [[Gustave Moreau]] (1826–1898), [[Symbolism (movement)|symbolist painter]]
* [[Jeanne Moreau]] (1928–2017), actress
* [[Aimé Morot]] (1850–1913), academic art painter 
* [[Henri Murger]] (1822–1861), novelist
* [[Musidora]] (1889–1957), (Jeanne Roques) actress/director/writer
* [[Vaslav Nijinsky]] (1890–1950), ballet dancer
* [[Adolphe Nourrit]] (1802–1839), tenor
* [[Eugène Nyon]] (1812–1870), playwright and novelist
* [[Alphonse de Neuville]] (1836–1885), painter whose funerary monument was realized by [[Francis de Saint-Vidal]]
* [[Jacques Offenbach]] (1819–1880), French composer of German descent
* [[Georges Ohnet]] (1848–1919), writer
* [[Harriet Osborne O'Hagan]] (1830–1921), Irish portrait artist
* [[Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] (1807–1867), chemist
* [[Isaac Péreire]] (1806–1880), financier
* [[Jacob Rodrigues Péreire]] (1715–1780), educator
* [[Francis Picabia]] (1879–1953), painter
* [[Marie Duplessis|Alphonsine Plessis]] (1824–1847), ''[[The Lady of the Camellias|La Dame aux Camélias]]''
* [[Patrick Pons]] (1952–1980), motorcycle racer
* [[Pierre Alexis Ponson du Terrail]] (1829–1871), novelist
* [[William Didier-Pouget]] (1864-1959), painter
* [[Jean Le Poulain]] (1924–1988), actor
* [[Francisque Poulbot]] (1879–1946), painter, illustrator
* [[Olga Preobrajenska]] (1871–1962), ballet dancer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://belcanto.ru/preobrajenska.html |title=Ольга Иосифовна Преображенская (Olga Preobrajenska) |publisher=Belcanto.ru |date=1962-12-27 |access-date=2012-02-28}}</ref> (according to other sources, she is buried in the [[Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois Russian Cemetery]])<ref name="Haskell">Arnold Lionel Haskell. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vY-1AAAAIAAJ The Ballet annual: a record and year book of the ballet: Vol.&nbsp;18]'', 1963</ref>
* [[Juliette Récamier]] (1777–1849), socialite and woman of letters
* [[Suzanne Reichenberg]] (1853–1924), actress
* [[Salomon Reinach]] (1858–1932), archaeologist
* [[Ernest Renan]] (1823–1892), writer (buried in the [[Ary Scheffer]] grave)
* [[Jacques Rigaut]] (1898–1929), poet
* [[Jacques Rivette]] (1928–2016), film director and film critic
* [[Henri Rivière (naval officer)|Henri Rivière]] (1827–1883), naval officer, writer
* [[Jean Rédélé]] (1922–2007), automotive pioneer, pilot and founder of the French automotive brand [[Alpine (car maker)|Alpine]].
* [[Julie Rodde]] (1818–1900), French writer, poet and journalist.
* [[Roosevelt family#Oyster Bay Roosevelts|Hilda Roosevelt]] (1881–1965), opera singer, daughter of Cornelius Roosevelt (1847–1902)
* [[Endre Rozsda]] (1913–1999), surrealist painter
* [[Joseph Isidore Samson]] (1793–1871), actor and playwright
* [[Henri Sauguet]] (1901–1989), composer
* [[Adolphe Sax]] (1814–1894), musical instrument artisan (inventor of saxophone)
* [[Ary Scheffer]] (1795–1858), painter
* [[Cornélia Scheffer]] (1830–1899), sculptor and designer
* [[Helen G. Scott]] (1915–1987), Truffaut / Hitchcock 
* [[Philippe Paul de Ségur, Count of Ségur]] (1780–1873), historian
* [[Claude Simon]] (1913–2005), novelist
* [[Juliusz Słowacki]] (1809–1849), Polish romantic poet
* [[Harriet Smithson]] (1808–1854), Anglo-Irish actress, the first wife of Hector Berlioz, and the inspiration for his Symphonie fantastique
* [[Fernando Sor]] (1778–1839), guitarist
* [[Alexandre Soumet]] (1788–1845), poet
* [[Stendhal]] (Marie-Henri Beyle) (1783–1842), writer
* [[Charles Henri Sanson]] (1739–1806), executioner of Louis XVI
* [[Marie Taglioni]] (1804–1884), ballerina
* [[Ludmilla Tchérina]] (1924–2004), dancer, actress and painter
* [[Ambroise Thomas]] (1811–1896), opera composer
* [[Armand Toussaint]] (1806–1862), sculptor
* [[Jean-Pierre Travot]] (1767–1836), general
* [[Constant Troyon]] (1810–1865), painter
* [[François Truffaut]] (1932–1984), [[French New Wave]] filmmaker and director
* [[Horace Vernet]] (1789–1863), painter
* [[Auguste Vestris]] (1760–1842), dancer
* [[Gaétan Vestris]] (1729–1808), dancer
* [[Pauline Viardot]] (1821–1910), opera singer, composer
* [[Alfred de Vigny]] (1797–1863), poet, playwright, novelist
* [[Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume]] (1798–1875), luthier
* [[René Waldeck-Rousseau]] (1846–1904), politician
* [[Walenty Wańkowicz]] (1799–1842), painter
* [[Georges-Fernand Widal]] (1862–1929), bacteriologist
* [[Émile Zola]] (1840–1902), author (original site, moved to the [[Panthéon, Paris|Panthéon]] in 1908). The Zola family grave is still there, with Émile's name on it.

==Gallery==
[[File:Begraafplaats Montmartre.jpg|thumb|750px|center|The Montmartre Cemetery with the Rue Caulaincourt viaduct passing through it]]

==See also==
* [[Saint-Vincent Cemetery]] in Montmartre
* [[List of burial places of classical musicians]]
* [[List of tourist attractions in Paris]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Cimetière de Montmartre}}
* [https://www.paris.fr/equipements/cimetiere-de-montmartre-5061 Official website]
* {{Find a Grave cemetery}}
* [https://www.unjourdeplusaparis.com/paris-essentiel/plan-du-cimetiere-de-montmartre Cimetiere de Montmartre] (in French)
* [http://travel.duchs.com/France/Paris/See/Montmartre_Cemetery/ Links and Images]{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Collection of resources
* [https://maps.google.com/?ll=48.887704,2.330325&spn=0.00503,0.010064&t=k Google Maps]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20060814135043/http://www.theliterarycemetery.co.uk/ Written in Stone]}} – Burial locations of literary figures.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130708032943/http://pariscemeteries.com/pages/montmartre.html Montmartre cemetery information] In English
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070604043113/http://www.pariscemeteries.com/pagefoto/montmar_fot.html Photos of Montmartre] Documenting funerary statuary in Paris cemeteries; on pariscemeteries.com

{{Visitor attractions in Paris|state=collapsed}}
{{Cemeteries in France}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|48|53|16|N|2|19|49|E|region:FR-IDF_type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:Cemeteries in Paris]]
[[Category:Montmartre]]
[[Category:Burials at Montmartre Cemetery| ]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the 18th arrondissement of Paris]]
[[Category:Cemeteries established in the 1820s]]