View source for Moray

{{Short description|Council area of Scotland}}
{{About|the council area and district|the province|Province of Moray|the county|County of Moray|the fish|Moray eel|other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Moray
| native_name             = {{Unbulleted list
 |{{native name|gd|Moireibh}}
 |{{native name|sco|Moray}}
 }}
| settlement_type         = [[Subdivisions of Scotland#Council areas|Council area]]
| image_skyline           = 
| imagesize               = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Coat_of_arms_of_Moray_Area_Council.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| shield_link             = 
| image_blank_emblem      = 
| blank_emblem_size       = 
| blank_emblem_type       = 
| blank_emblem_link       = 
| etymology               = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Moray UK location map.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Moray shown within [[Scotland]]
| coordinates             = {{coord|57|25|N|3|15|W|region:GB_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = [[Sovereign state]]
| subdivision_name        = [[United Kingdom]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Countries of the United Kingdom|Country]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Scotland]]
| subdivision_type2       = 
| subdivision_name2       = 
| subdivision_type3       = [[Lieutenancy areas of Scotland|Lieutenancy area]]
| subdivision_name3       = {{Unbulleted list
 |[[County of Moray|Moray]]
 |[[Banffshire]] (part)
 }}
| subdivision_type4       = 
| subdivision_name4       = 
| established_title       = Unitary authority
| established_date        = [[Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994|1 April 1996]]
| established_title1      = 
| established_date1       = 
| established_title2      = 
| established_date2       = 
| named_for               = 
| seat_type               = Administrative{{nbsp}}HQ
| seat                    = [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]]
| parts_type              = 
| parts                   = 
<!-- Government -->
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="Council leadership">{{cite web |url=http://www.moray.gov.uk/moray_section/section_47593.html |title=Council and Government |website=Moray Council |date=27 June 2006 |access-date=22 December 2024}}</ref>
| government_type         = [[Local government in Scotland|Council]]
| governing_body          = [[Moray Council]]
| leader_title            = [[Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom|Control]]
| leader_name             = {{UK council control|GSS=S12000020}}
| leader_title1           = 
| leader_name1            = 
| leader_title2           = 
| leader_name2            = 
| leader_title3           = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MPs]]
| leader_name3            = {{Collapsible list |title=2 MPs
 |[[Graham Leadbitter]] ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]])
 |[[Seamus Logan]] ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]])
 }}
| leader_title4           = [[Member of the Scottish Parliament|MSPs]]
| leader_name4            = {{Collapsible list |title=2 MSPs
 |[[Richard Lochhead]] ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]])
 |[[Karen Adam]] ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]])
 }}
<!-- Area -->
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref name="popstats">{{UK subdivision statistics citation}}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = {{UK subdivision area|GSS=S12000020}}
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_rank               = [[Subdivisions of Scotland#Council areas|{{Scottish council area rank|GSS=S12000020}}]]
<!-- Population -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="popstats" />
| population_as_of        = {{UK subdivision statistics year}}
| population_total        = {{UK subdivision population|GSS=S12000020}}
| population_rank         = [[Subdivisions of Scotland#Council areas|{{Scottish council population rank|GSS=S12000020}}]]
| population_density_km2  = {{UK subdivision density|GSS=S12000020}}
| population_demonym      = 
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1      = 
| demographics1_footnotes = 
| demographics1_title1    = 
| demographics1_info1     = 
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2      = 
| demographics2_footnotes = 
| demographics2_title1    = 
| demographics2_info1     = 
| timezone1               = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| utc_offset1             = +0
| timezone1_DST           = [[British Summer Time|BST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +1
<!-- Codes -->
| postal_code_type        = [[Postcodes in the United Kingdom|Postcode areas]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom|Dialling codes]]
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:GB|GB-MRY]]
| blank1_name             = [[GSS coding system|GSS code]]
| blank1_info             = S12000020
| website                 = {{URL|moray.gov.uk}}
}}

'''Moray''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ʌ|r|i}} {{Audio|Murray.ogg|listen}}; {{langx|gd|Moireibh}} or {{lang|gd|Moireabh}}) is one of the 32 [[council areas of Scotland]]. It lies in the north-east of the country, with a coastline on the [[Moray Firth]], and borders the council areas of [[Aberdeenshire]] and [[Highland (council area)|Highland]]. Its council is based in [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]], the area's largest town. The main towns are generally in the north of the area on the coastal plain. The south of the area is more sparsely populated and mountainous, including part of the [[Cairngorms National Park]].

The council area is named after the [[Shires of Scotland|historic county]] of [[County of Moray|Moray]] (called Elginshire prior to 1919), which was in turn named after the medieval [[Province of Moray]], each of which covered different areas to the modern council area. The modern area of Moray was created in 1975 as a lower-tier [[districts of Scotland|district]] within the [[Grampian Region]]. The Moray district became a single-tier council area in 1996.

==History==
The name, first attested around 970 as ''{{lang|mga|Moreb}}'', and in Latinised form by 1124 as ''{{lang|la|Moravia}}'', derives from the earlier Celtic forms *''mori'' 'sea' and *''treb'' 'settlement' (cf. [[Welsh language|Welsh]] ''môr-tref'').<ref>David Mills, ''A Dictionary of British Place-Names'', rev. edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 333.</ref>

During the [[Middle Ages]], the [[Province of Moray]] was much larger than the modern council area, also covering much of what is now [[Highland (council area)|Highland]]. During this period Moray's status fluctuated; it was sometimes an independent kingdom, and at other times a [[vassal]] of [[Kingdom of Alba|Alba]] (early Scotland) to the south. In the early 12th century, Moray's last independent ruler, [[Óengus of Moray]], was defeated by [[David I of Scotland]], and the area was then absorbed into the Kingdom of Scotland.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Turnock |first1=David |title=The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 |date=2005 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521892292 |page=19 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iBvAmF38TBUC&pg=PA19 |access-date=21 August 2024}}</ref> It was divided into the [[Shires of Scotland|shires]] of [[Elginshire]], [[Nairnshire]] and the mainland parts of [[Inverness-shire]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shaw |first1=Lachlan |title=The History of the Province of Moray: Volume 1 |date=1882 |publisher=Hamilton, Adams and Co. / Thomas D. Morison |location=London / Glasgow |page=47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lpJJAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22province+of+moray%22&pg=PA404 |access-date=21 August 2024}}</ref> Elginshire was seen as the core of the old Moray territory and so was often informally called Moray. In 1919 Elginshire County Council renamed the county Moray.<ref>{{cite news |title=Morayshire County Council: Official name of the county |url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search-newspapers |access-date=21 August 2024 |work=Aberdeen Daily Journal |date=8 May 1919 |page=8}}</ref>

The modern territory called Moray was created in 1975 under the [[Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973]], which abolished Scotland's counties, [[burgh]]s and [[landward district]]s and replaced them with a two-tier system of [[Local government areas of Scotland (1975–1996)|regions and districts]]. The new Moray district covered ten of the twelve previous districts of the county of Moray plus over half of the area of the neighbouring county of [[Banffshire]] to the east:<ref>{{cite web |title=Quarter-inch Administrative Areas Maps: Scotland, Sheet 5, 1969 |url=https://maps.nls.uk/view/222075470 |website=National Library of Scotland |publisher=Ordnance Survey |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref><ref name=1973act>{{cite legislation UK|type=act|act=Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973|year=1973|chapter=65|accessdate=17 April 2023}}</ref>

''From the county of Moray''
*[[Burghead]] burgh
*[[Duffus]] and Drainie district
*[[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]] burgh
*Elgin district
*[[Fochabers]] district
*[[Forres]] burgh
*Forres district
*[[Lossiemouth and Branderburgh]] burgh
*[[Rothes]] burgh
*Rothes and [[Knockando, Moray|Knockando]] burgh

''From Banffshire''
*[[Aberlour]] burgh
*[[Buckie]] burgh
*Buckie district
*[[Cullen, Moray|Cullen]] burgh
*Cullen district (except parish of [[Fordyce, Aberdeenshire|Fordyce]], which went to [[Banff and Buchan]])
*[[Dufftown]] burgh
*Dufftown district
*[[Findochty]] burgh
*[[Keith, Moray|Keith]] burgh
*Keith district
*[[Portknockie]] burgh

The only two districts from the pre-1975 county of Moray that were not included in the new Moray district were the burgh of [[Grantown-on-Spey]] and the surrounding [[Cromdale]] district, which went instead to the [[Badenoch and Strathspey]] district of the [[Highland (council area)|Highland]] region. This area had been a comparatively recent addition to the county, having been part of Inverness-shire until 1870.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Inverness and Elgin County Boundaries Act 1870 (33 & 34 Vict c. 16) |date=1870 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TnsDAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA6-PA111 |access-date=21 August 2024}}</ref> The eastern parts of Banffshire not included in the new Moray district went to the Banff and Buchan district. Moray District Council was a district-level authority, with regional-level functions provided by the [[Grampian Regional Council]], based in [[Aberdeen]].<ref name=1973act/>

The districts and regions created in 1975 were abolished in 1996, under the [[Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994]] and replaced with single-tier [[Council areas of Scotland|council areas]]. The Moray district became one of the new council areas.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=act|act=Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994|year=1994|chapter=39|accessdate=17 April 2023}}</ref>

The boundaries of the pre-1975 county of Moray are still used for some limited official purposes connected with land registration, being a [[registration county]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ros.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/14921/LandMassCoverageReport2015-proofed.pdf |title=Land Mass Coverage Report |publisher=Registers of Scotland |access-date=2015-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232505/https://www.ros.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/14921/LandMassCoverageReport2015-proofed.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Moray [[Lieutenancy areas of Scotland|lieutenancy area]] covers the parts of the pre-1975 county that are within the modern council area (being the pre-1975 county excluding Cromdale and Grantown-on-Spey). The Banffshire lieutenancy area covers the pre-1975 county, which therefore straddles the modern Moray and [[Aberdeenshire]] council areas.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Lord-Lieutenants (Scotland) Order 1996|year=1996|number=731|access-date=3 August 2024}}</ref>

== Politics ==
[[Moray Council]] is based at the Council Offices in Elgin, formerly the offices of the old Moray and Nairn Joint County Council.

Moray is represented in large part by the [[Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey (UK Parliament constituency)|Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey constituency]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Location of Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey |url=https://members.parliament.uk/constituency/4487/location |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=UK Parliament}}</ref> and in small part by the [[Aberdeenshire North and Moray East (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeenshire North and Moray East constituency]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Location of Aberdeenshire North and Moray East |url=https://members.parliament.uk/constituency/4451/location |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=UK Parliament}}</ref> The MP for the Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey constituency is [[Graham Leadbitter]] of the [[Scottish National Party|SNP]], and the MP for the Aberdeenshire North and Moray East constituency is [[Seamus Logan]] of the SNP.

For the [[Scottish Parliament]], the majority of Moray is in the [[Moray (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Moray constituency]] and the [[Highlands and Islands (Scottish Parliament electoral region)|Highlands and Islands electoral region]]. The eastern corner of Moray (consisting of the [[Buckie (ward)|Buckie ward]] and the eastern part of the [[Keith and Cullen (ward)|Keith and Cullen ward]]) is instead in the [[Banffshire and Buchan Coast (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Banffshire and Buchan Coast constituency]] and the [[North East Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)|North-East Scotland electoral region]].

In the [[2014 Scottish independence referendum]], Moray voted 'No' by an above-average percentage of 57.6%. In the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|2016 European Union membership referendum]], Moray voted 'Remain' by a 50.1% margin. It had the biggest percentage for 'Leave' out of all the Scottish council areas and the narrowest margin of victory for either side anywhere in the UK.

== Settlements ==
{{Location map+|Scotland Moray
 |caption={{left|The largest settlements in Moray.}}
 |float=right
 |width=500
 |places =
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.648|-3.315}}|position=top|label='''[[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.608|-3.620}}|position=right|label='''[[Forres]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.676|-2.965}}|position=top|label='''[[Buckie]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.718|-3.287}}|position=right|label='''[[Lossiemouth]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.543|-2.952}}|position=bottom|label='''[[Keith, Moray|Keith]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.700|-3.485}}|position=left|label='''[[Burghead]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.635|-3.216}}|position=bottom|label='''[[Lhanbryde]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.612|-3.097}}|position=bottom|label='''[[Fochabers]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.706|-3.434}}|position=top|label='''[[Hopeman]]'''|label_size=}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.445|-3.128}}|position=bottom|label='''[[Dufftown]]'''|label_size=}}

<!-- Bordering council areas -->
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.35|-2.65}}|position=left|label=''[[Aberdeenshire#Settlements|Aberdeenshire]]''|marksize=0|label_size=120}}
  {{Location map~|Scotland Moray|coordinates = {{coord|57.35|-3.55}}|position=left|label=''[[Highland (council area)#Settlements|Highland]]''|marksize=0|label_size=120}}
}}

The large majority of Moray's population live in the northern part of the district; only one of its eight wards covers the glens to the south. [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]] is by far the largest town, being home to 25% of the population at the 2011 census.

Largest settlements by population:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Settlement
!Population ({{Scottish settlement population citation|year}})<ref name="auto">{{Scottish settlement population citation}}</ref>
|-
|[[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Elgin}}
|-
|[[Forres]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Forres}}
|-
|[[Buckie]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Buckie}}
|-
|[[Lossiemouth]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Lossiemouth}}
|-
|[[Keith, Moray|Keith]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Keith}}
|-
|[[Burghead]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Burghead}}
|-
|[[Lhanbryde]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Lhanbryde}}
|-
|[[Fochabers]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Fochabers}}
|-
|[[Hopeman]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Hopeman}}
|-
|[[Dufftown]]
|{{Scottish locality population|name|POP=Dufftown}}
|-
|}

==Education==
{{Expand section|date=March 2013}}
There are 45 [[primary school|primary]] and eight [[secondary school|secondary]] schools in Moray and the council currently has responsibility for educating more than 13,000 pupils. The council's community learning and development team is also involved in arranging a wide range of classes and courses for adult learners. The council also currently operates 15 [[public libraries]], all with free internet and e-mail access, and two mobile libraries, which service users in more remote areas.

Moray is also home to the [[University of the Highlands and Islands]] affiliated [[Moray College]], and to [[Gordonstoun]] [[independent school|independent]] [[boarding school]] and its accompanying [[Preparatory school (UK)|preparatory school]], [[Aberlour House (school)|Aberlour House]].

==Infrastructure==
{{Expand section|date=March 2013}}
Moray Council is also responsible for the maintenance of 1,000 miles of roads, 450 miles of footpaths, 468 bridges, 16,000 street lights and 10,500 road signs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moray.gov.uk/moray_standard/page_68782.html |title=Transport Development - Moray Council |date=15 November 2010 }}</ref>

As a housing authority, Moray Council manages nearly 6,000 council properties and operates a [[council house]] waiting list. It also provides housing which has been specially designed, built, or adapted to meet the requirements of certain groups, such as the elderly and those with special needs. The council's development control section, which is part of the environmental services department, deals with thousands of planning applications every year from individuals and organisations seeking permission to erect buildings or adapt existing ones.{{Relevance inline|date=September 2024}}

== Drug issues ==
In 2020, Scotland had the highest number of drug-related deaths in Europe, almost 3.5 times higher than the rest of the UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.northern-scot.co.uk/news/radical-rethink-needed-on-drugs-policy-222456|title = 'Radical rethink needed' on drugs policy|date = 22 December 2020}}</ref>

Figures from the National Records of Scotland show there were 17 drug deaths in the Moray area in 2018 compared to 7 the year before. That compares to 10 in both 2016 and 2015, 2 in 2014 and 5 in 2013. The 2018 figures for the Moray area were the highest since records began in 1996, mirroring the national picture.

In 2019, 12 drug-related deaths were reported - 5 fewer than the record high of the previous year.<ref name="forres-gazette.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forres-gazette.co.uk/news/12-drug-deaths-in-moray-last-year-221604/|title = 12 drug deaths in Moray last year|date = 15 December 2020}}</ref> This represents a drug-related death rate per 1,000 people of 0.12. By comparison, the death rate in neighbouring Aberdeenshire per 1,000 people was 0.08; in [[Dundee]] it was 0.36 (the highest in the country); in [[Glasgow]] it was 0.35 (the second highest in the country); the lowest in Scotland was [[Orkney]] with a rate of 0.06.<ref name="forres-gazette.co.uk"/>

==Environment==
[[File:Aberdeen Aberdeenshire Moray topo.png|thumb|upright=1.3|Topographic map of Moray and Aberdeenshire]]
{{Expand section|date=March 2013}}
Approximately 50,000 [[tonnes]] of waste is collected from homes and commercial properties in Moray.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}} Households in many communities benefit from a kerbside recycling service.{{Relevance inline|date=September 2024}} There are over 60 recycling points located throughout Moray in addition to eight larger recycling centres.

==Economy==
{{Update section|date=September 2024}}

===Employment===
The working population of Moray in 2003 was nearly 40,000: of whom around 34,000 were employees and 6000 self-employed. Of these 34,000, 31% were employed in the public sector, compared with 27% for Scotland and 25% for the UK (the [[RAF]] personnel are not included in these figures). Only 18% of jobs are managerial or professional, compared to 25% for Scotland.
[[File:Employmentmoray.png|thumb|center|600px|People employed in Moray (2003)]]
{{Clear}}

===Economic performance and development===
The [[gross value added]] (GVA)<ref>GVA = Gross Value Added is the term now used for total wealth created in the regional economy. Measured at basic prices, it is close to what was formerly known as Gross Domestic Product at factor cost.</ref> in Moray was £1.26 billion in 2003. This corresponds to an output of £14,500 per resident and was 6% below the average for [[Scotland]] and 12% below that of the [[UK]].

The diagrams show the strong reliance on the food and drink industry, i.e. the distilling, canned food and biscuit manufacturing industries. The public sector is also very prominent. Of the total GVA of £1.26 billion, food and drink is responsible for 19% while 3% is the [[Scotland|Scottish]] figure and 2% for the UK. Moray is responsible for 9% of the entire food and drink GVA of Scotland. Significant areas where Moray has a larger than average share of national markets are in tourism, forest products, textiles and specialised metal working. In contrast, however, Moray is significantly underrepresented in the business services area at 15% of GVA, while it is 19% for Scotland and 25% for the UK.
{{multiple image
| align    = left
| image1   = GVAmoray.png
| width1   = 250
| alt1     = Bar graph of GVA per head of population (1998 - 2003), comparing Moray, Scotland and the whole UK
| caption1 = GVA per head of population (1998 - 2003), comparing Moray, Scotland and the whole UK
| image2   = IndustryGVAmray.png
| width2   = 250
| alt2     = Bar graph of industry GVA (2003)
| caption2 = Industry GVA (2003)
| image3   = ManufacturingGVAmoray2.png
| width3   = 250
| alt3     = Manufacturing GVA (2003)
| caption3 = Manufacturing GVA (2003)
}}{{clear left}}

In March 2014 a tourism strategy was launched by the Moray Economic Partnership aimed at doubling the £95m industry over the next decade.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.northern-scot.co.uk/News/Tourism-strategy-launched-for-Moray-11032014.htm|title=Tourism strategy launched for Moray}}</ref> In June 2014 a website (morayspeyside.com) was launched under the auspices of the Moray [[Chamber of Commerce]] to support the strategy and provide a one-stop shop for visitors.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/news/moray/268326/moray-tourism-website-launched/|title=Moray tourism website launched - Press and Journal|website=pressandjournal.co.uk|date=27 June 2014 |access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.morayspeyside.com/us/ |title=About Us - Moray Speyside |access-date=2014-07-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715012207/http://www.morayspeyside.com/us/ |archive-date=15 July 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

===Earnings===
Compared to Scottish or British levels, average incomes in Moray are low. The average wage in 2003 was £286 per week, which was 12% below the Scottish average and 18% below the British (these statistics exclude the armed forces). These figures reflect the large amount of part-time employment, with fewer qualified workers and less managerial and professional jobs. 16% of residents commute outwards, which is relatively high. Of these, two-thirds work in Aberdeen or Aberdeenshire, mainly in the oil and gas industry. These outward commuters earn significantly more than local workers.

===Business base===
In 2004, there were around 2,500 [[VAT]] registered businesses in Moray, with 75% of businesses employing fewer than five people and about half of firms with a turnover of less than £100,000. 60% of employees are employed in small firms, compared to 48% for Scotland as a whole.

Moray's major companies export their products to other British regions and abroad and many of the smaller companies have direct involvement with neighbouring economies in Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, and Highland. Also, a large outward-commuting workforce (estimated to be in excess of 5,000 people) derives its income from the neighbouring centres of [[Aberdeen]] and [[Inverness]].
[[File:VATregisteredmoray.png|center|thumb|600px|VAT registered enterprises in Moray (2004)]]
{{small|'''Note:''' 2003 and 2004 data at SCOTDAT was the most up-to-date, as of August 2006}}

==Demographics==
An inhabitant of Moray, especially the historic [[Mormaer of Moray]], is called, 'Moravian.'<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.morayconnections.com/category/famous-moravians/|title=Famous Moravians|website=www.morayconnections.com}}</ref>

[[File:Moraypopulation.png|thumb|center|600px|Projected population for Moray (2004 – 2024)]]
{{small|'''Source:''' General Register Office for Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/files//statistics/council-area-data-sheets/moray-council-profile.html#table_pop_proj|title=National Records of Scotland|first=National Records of Scotland Web|last=Team|date=31 May 2013|website=National Records of Scotland}}</ref>}}

===Ethnicity===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|+ 
! rowspan="2" |Ethnic Group
! colspan="2" |[[2001 United Kingdom census|2001]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Census Dissemination Unit |first=Mimas |date=5 May 2011 |title=InFuse |url=https://infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ |access-date=24 June 2022 |website=infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk |language=English}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[2011 United Kingdom census|2011]]<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Scotland's Census 2011&nbsp;– Table KS201SC |url=http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html |publisher=scotlandscensus.gov.uk |access-date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107044126/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html%20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! colspan="2" |[[2021 United Kingdom census#2022 census for Scotland|2022]]<ref name="2022census_Scot">{{cite web |url=https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx |title=Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=21 May 2024 |website=Scotland's Census |publisher=[[National Records of Scotland]] |access-date=21 May 2024 }} [https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by Alternative URL] 'Search data by location' > 'Local Authority (CA2019)' > 'Moray' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Ethnic Group'</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people|White]]: Total
!86,175
!99.12%
!92,263
!98.89%
!91,055
!97.60%
|-
|White: [[Scottish people|Scottish]]
| 69,948
| 80.46%
| 72,470
| 77.68%
| 68,785
| 73.73%
|-
|White: [[White British|Other British]]
| 14,629
| 16.83%
| 16,823
| 18.03%
| 18,674
| 20.02%
|-
|White: [[Irish Briton|Irish]]
| 409
| 0.47%
| 430
| 0.46%
| 514
| 0.55%
|-
|White: [[Irish Traveller|Gypsy/Traveller]]<ref group="note" name="auto">New category created for the 2011 census</ref>
| –
| –
| 79
| 0.08%
| 87
| 0.09%
|-
|White: [[White Polish|Polish]]<ref name="auto" group="note" />
| –
| –
| 985
| 1.06%
| 1,080
| 1.16%
|-
|White: [[White Other (United Kingdom Census)|Other]]
| 1,189
| 1.37%
| 1,476
| 1.58%
| 1,915
| 2.05%
|-
![[Asian people|Asian]], [[Asian-Scots|Asian Scottish]] or [[British Asian|Asian British]]: Total
!402
!0.46%
!599
!0.64%
!913
!0.98%
|-
|Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Indian|Indian]]
| 71
| 0.08%
| 101
| 0.11%
| 199
| 0.21%
|-
|Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Pakistani|Pakistani]]
| 124
| 0.14%
| 149
| 0.16%
| 152
| 0.16%
|-
|Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshi|Bangladeshi]]
| 17
| –
| 16
| –
| 57
| 0.06%
|-
|Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
| 151
| 0.17%
| 164
| 0.18%
| 201
| 0.22%
|-
|Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: [[British Asian|Asian Other]]
| 39
| –
| 169
| 0.18%
| 298
| 0.32%
|-
![[Black people|Black]], [[Black Scottish people|Black Scottish]] or [[Black British]]<ref group="note">Category restructured for the 2011 census</ref>
!19
! –
! –
! –
! –
! –
|-
![[Black people|African]]: Total
!36
!–
!88
!0.09%
!156
!0.17%
|-
|African: [[Black people|African]], [[Black Scottish people|African Scottish]] or [[Black British|African British]]
| –
| –
| 78
| 0.08%
| 13
| –
|-
|African: [[Black British|Other African]]
| –
| –
| 10
| –
| 147
| 0.16%
|-
![[British African-Caribbean community|Caribbean]] or [[Black British|Black]]: Total
!–
!–
!57
!0.06%
!111
!0.12%
|-
|[[British African-Caribbean community|Caribbean]]
| 54
| 0.06%
| 43
| 0.05%
| 44
| 0.05%
|-
|[[Black British|Black]]
| –
| –
| 11
| –
| 15
| –
|-
|Caribbean or Black: [[Other Black|Other]]
| –
| –
| 3
| –
| 52
| –
|-
![[British Mixed|Mixed or multiple ethnic groups]]: Total
!150
!0.17%
!232
!0.25%
!708
!0.76%
|-
!Other: Total
!104
!0.12%
!56
!0.06%
!352
!0.38%
|-
|Other: [[British Arabs|Arab]]<ref group="note" name="auto"/>
| –
| –
| 26
| 0.03%
| 116
| 0.12%
|-
|Other: Any other ethnic group
| –
| –
| 30
| –
| 236
| 0.25%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total:
!86,940
!100.00%
!93,295
!100.00%
!93,293
!100.00%
|}

===Language===
The first records on language use in the area indicate that in 1705, most of Moray except for the coast was described as "Wholly Irish & Highland Countreys" and "Ye Irish Parishes in which both languages are spoken."<ref name=Withers>Withers, C. ''Gaelic in Scotland 1698-1981'' (1984) John Donald Publishers {{ISBN|0-85976-097-9}}</ref> By 1822, [[Scottish Gaelic]] had weakened in the area, with only the far south of Moray reporting that, at most, 10% of the population were speaking Gaelic better than English.<ref name=Withers/> Records towards the end of the 19th century improved and show that between 1881 and 1921 the percentage of Gaelic speakers in Moray fluctuated as shown in the following table:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Gaelic speakers (%)
|-
|1881
| style="text-align:center;"| 2.63
|-
|1891
| style="text-align:center;"|5.64
|-
|1901
| style="text-align:center;"|4.48
|-
|1911
| style="text-align:center;"|2.98
|-
|1921
| style="text-align:center;"|2.08
|-
|1991<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scrol.gov.uk/|title=Welcome to Scotland's Census - Scotland Census 2011|access-date=17 March 2011|archive-date=4 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704124556/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|0.56
|}

Since then, it has been consistently below 1%. It was largely replaced by [[Doric dialect (Scotland)|Doric]] and latterly [[Scottish English]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

The 2022 Scottish Census reported that out of 90,792 residents aged three and over, 1,028 (1.1%) considered themselves able to speak or read [[Scottish Gaelic|Gaelic]]. <ref>[https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/webapi/opentable?id=019a2022-ecdd-77ea-96ad-569f0c5b3786]</ref>
====Scots language====
The 2022 Scottish Census reported that out of 90,794 residents aged three and over, 38,941 (42.9%) considered themselves able to speak or read the [[Scots language]]. <ref>[https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/webapi/opentable?id=019a1a62-eab8-76fc-98d0-f7e8423a5077]</ref>"

==See also==
{{Portal|Scotland}}
* [[List of places in Moray]]
{{clear right}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* A joint report [[Highlands and Islands Enterprise|HIE]] Moray and Moray Council, entitled "Moray 2020: Strategy for the Diversification of the Economy of Moray Following Restructuring of the RAF Bases at Kinloss and Lossiemouth", is available at both web sites.

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*[http://www.morayspeyside.com/ Moray Speyside Tourism], the official tourism website for Moray
*[http://www.undiscoveredspeyside.org/ Undiscovered Speyside Community Web Site], a portal for all things Speyside
*[http://www.greaterspeyside.com/ Moray and Speyside info]

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[[Category:Moray| ]]
[[Category:Politics of Moray]]
[[Category:Districts of Scotland]]
[[Category:Highlands and Islands of Scotland]]
[[Category:Council areas of Scotland]]
[[Category:Grampian]]
[[Category:1975 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1975]]