View source for Mossberg 500

{{Short description|Series of pump-action shotguns}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = Mossberg 500
| image              = PEO Mossberg 590A1.jpg
| image_size         = 310
| origin             = United States
| caption            = Mossberg 590A1 in 12 gauge with [[heat shield]] and [[bayonet lug]]
| type               = [[Pump action]] [[shotgun]]
<!-- Type selection -->
| is_ranged          = yes
<!-- Service history -->
| service            = 1961–present
| used_by            = See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
| wars               = {{plainlist|
* [[Lebanese Civil War]]
* [[Gulf War]]
* [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]]
* [[Iraq War]]
* [[Militias-Comando Vermelho conflict]]
* [[2022 Kazakh unrest]]
* [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
}}
<!-- Production history -->
| design_date        = 1961
| manufacturer       = [[O.F. Mossberg & Sons]]
| production_date    = 1961–present
| number             = 11,000,000
| variants           = <!-- General specifications -->
| weight             = {{convert|7|lb|kg|abbr=on}} to {{convert|7.75|lb|kg|abbr=on}}
| length             = {{convert|36.12|in|cm|abbr=on}} to {{convert|41|in|cm|abbr=on}}
| part_length        = {{convert|18.5|in|cm|abbr=on}} to {{convert|20|in|cm|abbr=on}}
| crew               = <!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
| cartridge          = 
| caliber            = [[Gauge (bore diameter)|12 gauge]], [[20-gauge shotgun|20 gauge]], and [[.410 bore]]
| action             = [[Pump action]]
| feed               = 5+1 to 8+1 rounds; internal tube [[Magazine (firearms)|magazine]]
| sights             = Bead or ghost ring [[iron sights]]
| designer           = Carl Benson
}}

The '''Mossberg 500''' is a series of [[pump action|pump-action]] [[shotgun]]s manufactured by [[O.F. Mossberg & Sons]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mossberg.com/products/default.asp?id=3 |title=O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc. - Firearms, Shotguns, Rifles, Accessories, and Precision Machining |publisher=Mossberg.com |access-date=2008-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909063659/http://www.mossberg.com/products/default.asp?id=3 |archive-date=2008-09-09 }}</ref> The 500 series comprises widely varying models of [[hammerless]] repeaters, all of which share the same basic [[Receiver (firearms)|receiver]] and action, but differ in [[Caliber|bore]] size, [[Gun barrel|barrel]] length, [[Shotgun#Pattern and choke|choke]] options, magazine capacity, [[stock (firearms)|stock]] and [[Forearm (firearm component)|forearm]] materials.  Model numbers included in the 500 series are the 500, 505, 510, 535, and 590. The Revelation 310 and the [[New Haven 600]] were also variations of the 500 series produced by Mossberg under different names. By 2021, about 11 million M500s had been produced, making it the [[List of most-produced firearms|most-produced shotgun of all time]].<ref name=":0" />

== History ==
Designed in 1961 by Carl Benson, the Mossberg 500 was created mainly for use by hunters, but quickly found itself in use by law enforcement because of its reliability and low cost.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Johnston|first=Jeff|title=Mossberg 500 and 590: America's Defensive Shotguns|url=https://www.shootingillustrated.com/content/mossberg-500-and-590-america-s-defensive-shotguns/|access-date=2021-12-17|website=Shooting Illustrated|language=en}}</ref> In the 1970s, the M500 was submitted for military use, but failed to meet the [[MIL-SPEC]] 3443E protocol,<ref name=":0" /> which involves firing 3,000 rounds of shells with no more than two malfunctions.{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=22}} During the testing, some M500s were created to better match the MIL-SPEC, which came at an increase in cost.<ref name=":0" /> M500s began to be purchased by the US military in limited numbers, with the first order consisting of approximately 5,900 shotguns for the [[United States Navy|Navy]] and [[United States Coast Guard|Coast Guard]].{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=23}}

To maintain its low cost, Mossberg continued to produce the M500 for civilian and police markets, and in 1987, designed the '''M590''' specifically for military use.<ref name=":0" /> In response to a Navy request, the M590 was modified, with a thickened barrel, extended magazine, barrel shroud, and bayonet lug. The new model, designated the M590A1, became the standard shotgun in the United States military.<ref name=":0" /> 
[[File:Urban Breach Training at Caserma Ederle, Vicenza Italy.jpg|thumb|A paratrooper from the [[503rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|503rd Infantry Regiment]] uses an M500 to open a door during a training exercise in Italy, 2014.]]
Replacement for the M500 came as early as 1999,{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=28}} when the [[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] adopted the [[Semi-automatic shotgun|semi-automatic]] [[Benelli M4 Super 90|M1014 Combat Shotgun]], which became standard issue by 2001.{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=66}} In 1997, the [[United States Army|Army]] began to develop the [[M26 Modular Accessory Shotgun System]], an underbarrel shotgun designed for usage on the [[M4 carbine]], which could also be used as a standalone weapon. The MASS first entered service in 2010.{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=29}} Despite the competing shotgun designs, including other pump action models such as the [[Remington Model 870]] and [[Winchester Model 1200]], Mossberg shotguns continued to see usage in various American military branches until the end of the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mizokami|first=Kyle|date=16 December 2019|title=Explained: The U.S. Military's Love Affair With Shotguns|url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/explained-us-militarys-love-affair-shotguns-105407|access-date=|website=National Interest}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Pike|first=Travis|title=The Mossberg 590A1 - The Combat Pump Action|url=https://sofrep.com/gear/the-mossberg-590a1-the-combat-pump-action/|access-date=2021-12-17|website=SOFREP|language=en}}</ref>

M500 and M590 shotguns were first used during the 1991 [[Gulf War]],{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=23}} wherein they were used to defend US supply depots.{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=65}} In the [[Iraq War|wars in Iraq]] and [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|Afghanistan]], M500 shotguns were primarily used for breaking locks and hinges during [[Door breaching|door breaches]].{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=8}}
In 2009, [[United States Army Special Forces|U.S. Army Special Forces]] Groups procured Military Enhancement Kits to provide a standardized shotgun configuration based on the Mossberg 500.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Trevithick|first=Joseph|date=8 March 2017|title=Check Out the Marine Corps' Fearsome-Looking Upgraded Shotguns|url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/8188/check-out-the-marine-corps-fearsome-looking-upgraded-shotguns|access-date=|website=The Drive}}</ref> The kits included a collapsible stock, "shotgun retention system", 1913 receiver rail, fore end rail system and breaching barrels. A total of 1301 shotguns were converted with the first unit being equipped in July 2009. The majority of the kits convert the standard issue shotgun to a 14" compact model with a 16" accessory breaching barrel, H92239-09-P-0113.<ref>{{cite web|title=Notice of Intent to Award Sole Source: Shotgun Enhancement Kit Modifications - Federal Business Opportunities: Opportunities|url=https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=37ca851363ed811af550020dab330d6c&tab=core&_cview=1|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926235259/https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=37ca851363ed811af550020dab330d6c&tab=core&_cview=1|archive-date=2017-09-26|access-date=2015-01-05|website=www.fbo.gov}}</ref>

Mossberg later produced a compact pistol grip variant of M590, called "Cruiser".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mossberg.com/590-cruiser-50697.html |title= Mossberg 590 Variant: Cruiser}}</ref>

==Model 500 options==
The name "Model 500" covers an entire family of pump shotguns designed to chamber {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on}} "magnum" shells. The standard model holds five {{convert|2.75|in|mm|adj=on}} or five {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on}} shells in the magazine and one in the chamber. The Model 500 is available in 12 gauge, 20 gauge, and .410 bore, with the 12 gauge being the most popular and having the most optional features available.  A 16 gauge model was introduced in 1963 and later discontinued.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sadowski |first1=Robert A. |title=50 Guns That Changed the World Iconic Firearms That Altered the Course of History |date=2015 |publisher=Skyhorse Publishing |isbn=978-1-63450-463-8 |quote=Today only 12, 20 and .410 models are available, but in 1963 a 16 gauge version was offered that has long since been discontinued.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Carpenteri |editor1-first=Stephen D. |title=Gun Trader's Guide, Thirty-Fourth Edition |date=2012 |publisher=Skyhorse |isbn=978-1-61608-843-9 |page=504 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=svRDCgAAQBAJ&dq=mossberg+500+16+gauge&pg=PA504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=SINGLE ARM SHOTGUN (SAS) KIT MOSSBERG 500 & REMINGTON 11-87|url=https://drc.uc.edu/bitstream/handle/2374.UC/731859/MET2013_Brodbeck_Ryan.pdf?sequence=1}}</ref>

===Finishes===
The standard finish for the Model 500 is an [[Anodization|anodized]] [[aluminium|aluminum]] [[alloy]] receiver and a polished and [[bluing (steel)|blued]] barrel. Some models come with a [[Gloss (material appearance)|matte]] black matte-anodized receiver, and a matte blued barrel.  Some 500 models are anodized to look [[parkerized]], with parkerized barrels. This is also true of the 590 series since an aluminum receiver cannot be parkerized.

Mossberg also offers [[camouflage]] painted models, in a number of different patterns.  Stocks are either wood or composite, with the composite stocks being matte black or camouflage to match the rest of the gun. A special model called the Mariner is available with the Marinecote finish, an electroless-nickel finish that is highly [[corrosion]] resistant. Mariner models use the black [[Composite material|composite]] stocks.

===Model 500 vs. Model 590 vs. Model 590A1===
[[Image:Shotgun Mossberg 590.jpg|thumb|300px|Mossberg 590 with {{convert|20|in|mm|adj=on}} barrel]]

The primary difference between the Model 500 and Model 590 is in magazine tube design. The Model 500 magazines are closed at the muzzle end, and the barrel is held in place by bolting into a threaded hole at the end of the magazine tube. Model 590 magazines are designed to be opened at the muzzle end, and the barrels fit around the magazine tube and are held on by a capnut at the end. The Model 500 magazine facilitates easy barrel changes, as the barrel bolt serves no function other than holding the barrel in place. The Model 590 magazine facilitates easy cleaning and parts replacement, as removing the nut allows removal of the magazine spring and follower.
[[File:USMC-090101-M-6412J-033.jpg|alt=|thumb|300x300px|[[United States Marine Corps|United States Marines]] train with M500 shotguns]]
Both the Model 500 and Model 590 have polymer trigger guards and safeties, and standard barrels.  The Model 590A1 has an aluminum trigger guard and safety, a heavier barrel, and a bayonet lug (although some versions of the 590 also have bayonet lugs), intended for military use under extreme conditions and rough handling; the metal trigger guard was added in response to the 3443G materials requirements, and the heavy barrel was added at the request of the Navy to prevent barrel deformation if the shotgun caught in the closing of heavy steel ship doors. Some 590A1s have a sling swivel on the back of the bayonet lug, some do not. The 590A1 usually has a swivel mount on the stock even when there is no corresponding mount on the forward end of the weapon. The 590A1 is generally sold through military and law enforcement channels, though in most jurisdictions the {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}} and {{convert|20|in|cm|adj=on}} barreled models are available and may be legally purchased by any non-prohibited persons. 590A1s with 14" barrels are Title II firearms, and may be purchased only by non-prohibited persons in [[National Firearms Act|NFA]]-legal states, after completing BATF transfer forms.
<ref name="3443G">{{cite web |url= http://www.assistdocs.com/search/document_details.cfm?ident_number=3853&StartRow=5901&PaginatorPageNumber=119&search_method=BASIC |title= US Department of Defense specification 3443 |access-date= 2008-09-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071022150938/http://assistdocs.com/search/document_details.cfm?ident_number=3853&StartRow=5901&PaginatorPageNumber=119&search_method=BASIC |archive-date= 2007-10-22 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |date=June 2003 |journal=American Rifleman |title=U.S. military small arms today |page=77}}</ref>

The [[riot gun]] versions of the pistol grip Model 500 (Persuader, Cruiser, Road Blocker, and Mariner) are available with an {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}} and {{convert|20|in|cm|adj=on}} barrel depending on magazine capacity. The 590 is only available with a {{convert|20|in|mm|adj=on}} barrel and flush-fit magazine tube. The 590A1 is available with a {{convert|14|in|cm|adj=on}}, 18.5-inch, or {{convert|20|in|mm|adj=on}} barrel. One model sold as Model 590-SP (catalog item 51663) is technically a 590A1, as it uses the heavy barrel and military trigger group, but unlike models designated 590A1 it is sold on the civilian market.

Unlike Model 500 and 590 shotguns (with the exception of ghost-ring sight 590 models), Model 590A1 shotguns cannot be easily fitted with the common factory 500 heat shield, due to the heavier barrel. A heat shield and [[bayonet lug]] are required for military 3443G Type I riot shotguns,<ref name="3443G" /> and some 590A1s are so equipped. The 590A1 heat shield, p/n 16335P, is available for purchase from Mossberg for about the same price as the 500 heat shield.

===Bantam and Super Bantam models===
[[Image:Mossberg 500 Bantam.png|thumb|300px|Mossberg 500 Bantam, with {{convert|24|in|mm|adj=on}} barrel. Note shorter stock and forend than standard model at top.]]
The standard Model 500 uses a {{convert|14|in|cm|adj=on}} [[length of pull]] (LOP) for the stock, which is suitable for adult shooters of average or greater size. The Bantam models use a {{convert|13|in|cm|adj=on}} LOP stock and a forend that sits further back than the standard model.  The Super Bantam stock includes two [[recoil pad]]s and a stock spacer.

By using the short pad, the LOP can be reduced to {{convert|12|in|cm}}; with the spacer and longer pad, the LOP is {{convert|13|in|mm}}. A number of different models are offered with Bantam and Super Bantam stocks, or they can be ordered as accessories and fitted to any Model 500.

===Model 505===
The new Model 505 Youth shotgun, introduced in 2005, is similar to the Bantam but scaled down further. The 505 has a {{convert|12|in|cm|adj=on}} LOP buttstock (compared to a standard model's {{convert|14|in|cm|disp=or}}, or a Bantam's {{convert|13|in|cm|disp=or}}), a {{convert|20|in|cm|adj=on}} barrel, and a four-shot magazine tube. The 505 is available in 20 gauge and .410 bore. Parts are not interchangeable with other model 500 variants.

===Model 535===
The Model 535, new for 2005, is similar to the Model 500, but with a lengthened receiver that can fire {{convert|3.5|in|mm|adj=on}} shells, in addition to {{convert|2.75|in|mm|adj=on}} and {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on}} shells. The 535 is a less expensive alternative to the Mossberg 835 Ulti-Mag, but the 535 lacks the 835's overbored barrel. The non-overbored barrel of the 535 does, however, allow the use of slugs, which cannot be used in the overbored barrel of the 835.

Model 535 barrels are not interchangeable with Model 500 or Model 835 barrels, but 535 barrels are available in smoothbore and rifled in a variety of vent ribbed, barrel lengths and different sights. The 535 is also available in a tactical model with [[ghost ring sight]]s and a collapsible pistol grip buttstock.  Although Model 500 barrels can be used with Model 535 receivers, magazine tubes from the Model 500 must also be used because of the magazine tube length difference.

=== Model 590M ===
In 2018, Mossberg created the Model 590M, a magazine-fed variant of the M590 model utilizing detachable 5, 10 or 20 round magazines for civilian use. It currently is offered in both Shockwave and Standard models.<ref>{{Cite web |title=590M® - Shotguns - Firearms O.F. Mossberg & Sons |url=https://www.mossberg.com/firearms/shotguns/590m.html |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=www.mossberg.com}}</ref>

===Magazine capacity===
The Model 500 comes in a variety of different receiver configurations, whose main difference is the magazine configuration. The basic Model 500 comes with a magazine tube capable of holding five {{convert|2.75|in|mm|adj=on}} shells, which is called a six-shot model (a full magazine plus a round in the chamber). The 500 is also available with an extended magazine tube that holds seven rounds, making an eight-shot model. The 590A1 is available with five- and eight-shot magazines, sold as six- and nine-shot models respectively.  The Model 590A1 also allows the use of magazine extensions in place of the magazine cap to further increase the capacity of ammunition.

The variants with the extended magazine tubes use different barrels, as the barrel is held in place by attaching at the end of the magazine tube. The shortest barrel length available for the eight- and nine-shot models is {{convert|20|in|cm}}, which fits flush with the long magazine tube. A ribbed {{convert|28|in|cm|adj=on}} modified choke field barrel was also manufactured for the 8-shot model 500. The shortest barrel for [[National Firearms Act|Title I]] six-shot models is {{convert|18.0|in|cm}}, while military and law enforcement personnel (as well private persons in [[National Firearms Act|NFA]] states) can also get a {{convert|14|in|cm|adj=on}} barrel (the 590 Compact), which uses a special 5-shot magazine.

==Model 500 variants==
[[Image:Mossberg 500 2 barrels.png|thumb|300px|Mossberg 500 with {{convert|18.5|in|mm|adj=on}} cylinder bore barrel installed, and a {{convert|24|in|mm|adj=on}} cylinder bore barrel with rifle sights. (Cylinder bore means lacking any choke.)]]
The Model 500 is available in many variants, for a wide variety of applications. The ease of changing barrels on the Model 500 means that a single shotgun may be equipped by the owner with a number of barrels, each for a different purpose. As sold, the Model 500 is generally classed into two broad categories: field models and special purpose models.

===Field models===
Field models are the basic sporting models. They are available with a variety of barrel lengths and finishes, and may be set up for waterfowl hunting, upland game hunting, turkey hunting, or shooting slugs. Most smoothbore models come with interchangeable choke tubes and vent rib barrels, while the slug models come with rifle sights or scope bases, and may have smooth cylinder bore or rifled barrels.

===Special purpose models===
[[File:Mossberg M590A1.JPG|thumb|300px|Mossberg 590A1 Tactical, 12 Ga, 6-shot, 18.5" barrel, tactical light, and collapsible stock]]
Special purpose models are intended for [[Self-defense#Armed|self defense]], [[riot shotgun|police]], or [[combat shotgun|military]] use. The Model 590 and the eight-shot Model 500s are only sold as special purpose models. Special purpose models have short barrels, either {{convert|18.5|in|cm}} for the six-shot models, or {{convert|20|in|cm}} for the eight- and nine-shot models, but the barrels are fully interchangeable with all models of the same magazine tube length and in the 500 family. Most models come with special designations like SPX, Tactical, Mariner, etc.

Special purpose models may be equipped with a variety of specialty parts which may include adjustable stock, "Speedfeed" stock that holds four additional rounds of ammunition, pistol grip, [[ghost ring]] and fiber optic sights, [[Picatinny rail]], [[forearm (firearm component)|forearm]] band, heatshield, [[ported barrel]], [[muzzle brake]], and even a bayonet lug. All special purpose models come only in black trim with either blued, non-glare matte blue, or parkerized finishes and now come with drilled and tapped receivers for scope and optics mounting.

"Special Purpose" models are not the same as "Law Enforcement" models; the latter have heavier duty barrels, safeties, trigger guards, and will stand up to harder use.

In 2018, Mossberg released the 590M, a pump-action shotgun fed by a double-stack magazine. It is available in three models; one is a derivative of the Shockwave, the other two are variants of the base 590, one having ghost ring sights and a heat shield, the other without. The magazines are available in 5, 10, 15, and 20-round capacities.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mossberg.com/category/series/590m-mag-fed/ |title = Mossberg 590M® Mag-Fed {{!}} O.F. Mossberg & Sons, Inc.}}</ref>

===Law enforcement models===
[[File:Mossberg500LawCombo.jpg|thumb|300px|Model 500 Law enforcement combo with red-dot sight]]
Mossberg shotguns currently designated "law enforcement models" are 590A1s. 590A1s differ from other 500/590 shotguns, in that they have heavy barrels, metal trigger guards, and metal safeties. 590A1s are available in {{convert|14|in|cm|adj=on}}, {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}}, and {{convert|20|in|cm|adj=on}} barrels. The 590A1 is also used by the U.S. and allied armed forces, having been designed to meet the stricter standards outlined by the U.S. Army.

Model 500s were also previously sold as law enforcement combos in 12 gauge with both {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}} and {{convert|28|in|cm|adj=on}} barrels, birch buttstock, pistol grip and sling.

===Home security model===
The model 500 HS410, or "Home Security" model, is available in .410 gauge only, and is specifically designed for defensive use. It comes with a youth-sized stock, a vertical foregrip, and a special muzzle brake and spreader choke (to help produce wider patterns when using [[buckshot]]) on an {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}} bead sight barrel. The .410 gauge round, while by far the least powerful common shotgun chambering, remains a formidable shotgun shell. A 90-grain slug generates energy close to (and in some manufacturer claims, exceeding) a [[.357 Magnum]] when fired from a full length barrel. The HS410 is targeted at the novice user who desires a simple, easy to use, and effective defensive weapon. It is packaged with an introductory video covering use and safety, and some versions have a laser sight mounted in the foregrip.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3197/is_n3_v37/ai_12462187 |title=Mossberg's 410 home defender: a well-targeted shotgun |journal=Shooting Industry |date=March 1992 |author=Scott Farrell |access-date=2007-11-26 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719103228/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3197/is_n3_v37/ai_12462187/ |archive-date=2012-07-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Mossberg Shockwave==
The Mossberg Shockwave is a pump action firearm based on the 590 series of shotguns. It is distinguished from the rest of the 590 series by its {{convert|14|in|cm|abbr=on}} barrel and "birds-head" style grip.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/10/16/mossberg-m590-shockwave-review/|title=Mossberg M590 Shockwave Review|website=www.americanrifleman.org|language=en|access-date=2018-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305004344/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/10/16/mossberg-m590-shockwave-review/|archive-date=2018-03-05|url-status=live}}</ref> The Mossberg Shockwave was the best-selling [[pump action shotgun]] in the United States in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sagi|first=Guy|title=Mossberg 590 Shockwave: Top-Selling Pump Shotgun in 2020|url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2021/2/20/mossberg-590-shockwave-top-selling-pump-shotgun-in-2020|website=American Rifleman}}</ref>

===Design===
The action of the Shockwave is taken from Mossberg's 590 series of shotguns. It features the same sliding tang safety on the top rear of the receiver, twin action bars, and dual [[Extractor (firearms)|extractors]] seen on other models.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pewpewtactical.com/mossberg-shockwave/|title=Mossberg 590 Shockwave Review - Pew Pew Tactical|date=2017-06-12|work=Pew Pew Tactical|access-date=2018-01-17|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429025210/https://www.pewpewtactical.com/mossberg-shockwave/|archive-date=2018-04-29|url-status=live}}</ref>  The name is inherited from the manufacturer of the grip, Shockwave Technologies.  Mossberg claims the grip reduces recoil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mossberg.com/category/series/590-shockwave/|title=Mossberg 590® Shockwave {{!}} O.F. Mossberg & Sons|website=O.F. Mossberg & Sons|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128181716/http://www.mossberg.com/category/series/590-shockwave/|archive-date=2018-01-28|url-status=live}}</ref> The Shockwave weighs {{convert|5.25|lb|kg}} empty, holds five rounds in the magazine tube, and has a single brass bead front sight with no rear sight.  Production began in 2017 with a 12 gauge model, adding 20 gauge and .410 bore models later.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mossberg.com/new-for-2017-590-shockwave/|title=New For 2017: 590 Shockwave {{!}} O.F. Mossberg & Sons|date=2017-03-03|work=O.F. Mossberg & Sons|access-date=2018-01-14|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429025107/http://www.mossberg.com/new-for-2017-590-shockwave/|archive-date=2018-04-29|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Legality===
In the United States, the Shockwave does not fit the definition of a shotgun as defined by the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives|ATF]], which says that shotguns have barrels over {{convert|18|in|cm}} in length and are made to be fired from the shoulder. It avoids restriction as a [[sawed-off shotgun|short barrel shotgun]] under [[Title II weapons#Any other weapon|Title II]] of federal firearm laws by remaining over {{convert|26|in|cm}} in length and not being made to have a shoulder stock. The ATF refers to the Shockwave as a non-[[National Firearms Act|NFA]] firearm.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/3/31/tested-mossberg-590-shockwave/|title=Tested: Mossberg 590 Shockwave|first1=B. Gil|last1=Horman|date=31 March 2017|publisher=National Rifle Association|website=American Rifleman|language=en|access-date=2018-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213172229/https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2017/3/31/tested-mossberg-590-shockwave/|archive-date=2017-12-13|url-status=live}}</ref> While legal without a tax stamp at a federal level, regulations also vary by state, thereby prohibiting purchase in some states.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buckeyefirearms.org/mossberg-590-shockwave-legal-ohio|title=Is the Mossberg 590 Shockwave legal in Ohio? {{!}} Buckeye Firearms Association|website=www.buckeyefirearms.org|language=en|access-date=2018-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429024559/https://www.buckeyefirearms.org/mossberg-590-shockwave-legal-ohio|archive-date=2018-04-29|url-status=live}}</ref>

In Canada, the Shockwave is generally classified as a [[Firearms regulation in Canada#Non-restricted|non-restricted]] firearm, as pump-action and other manually operated firearms with a fixed stock do not have a minimum factory barrel length requirement. The bird's head grip meant the Shockwave is deemed as a regular long gun similar to a Mare's Leg, and not a "handgun".<ref>{{Cite book |title=Firearms Reference Table |date=March 11, 2024 |publisher=Royal Canadian Mounted Police |pages=61465-61466}}</ref>

==Accessories and combinations==
The Mossberg 500 has always been marketed as a multi-purpose firearm.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}} Mossberg sells a wide variety of accessory stocks and barrels, allowing many configurations to be made (including, in the past, a [[bullpup]] configured model 500). Mossberg is also the only company to ever offer a [[trigger (firearms)|double-action]]-only model. The model 590DA offers a longer, heavier trigger pull, to reduce the chance of an accidental discharge by the operator, and was targeted at the police market.

With the appropriate parts, the same Model 500 can be a field gun, a [[shotgun slug|slug gun]], defensive weapon for civilian, police, or military use, [[trap shooting|trap]] and [[skeet shooting|skeet]] gun, or .50 caliber (12.7mm) rifled [[muzzleloader]].

Mossberg has also sold "combination" sets, with a single receiver and more than one barrel. Common examples included a {{convert|28|in|cm|adj=on}} field barrel packaged with an {{convert|18.5|in|cm|adj=on}} cylinder bore barrel for defensive use, or a field barrel and a slug barrel, or a slug barrel and a .50 caliber muzzleloading rifle barrel.

A unique item offered by Mossberg for the Model 500 is a line launcher kit. It uses special [[blank (cartridge)|blank cartridge]] to propel a shaft with an optional floating head and a light rope attached to it; a canister hung below the barrel to hold the line spool. A test of the Mossberg 500 with line launcher by the BoatUS Foundation showed an average range of over {{convert|330|ft|m}} with the floating head. Distances of {{convert|700|ft|m}} are claimed for the non-floating long distance head.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mossberg.com/manuals/LineLauncher.pdf |title=Mossberg Line Launcher user manual |access-date=2008-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414105241/http://www.mossberg.com/manuals/LineLauncher.pdf |archive-date=2008-04-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

All Mossberg models including the 835, 535, 500, 505 and 590 (except for Special-Purpose and Law Enforcement models) are shipped with a wooden dowel with two rubber O-rings, also called a duck plug, located in the tube magazine. This is to comply with U.S. migratory bird laws. This dowel reduces and regulates the number of shells that can be loaded in the magazine to 2. This can be removed by taking off the barrel, pointing the shotgun downward, and shaking it back and forth lightly until the dowel shows out of the end of the magazine tube.  It must then be pulled out, as the O-rings prevent it from just falling out. Except for the Maverick 88, all current production Mossberg models have a pre-drilled receiver for installation of an upper Picatinny rail for mounting various optics such as red dot sights. Some models can be bought with the rail and accessories already installed.
[[Image:M590A1Bayonet.jpg|thumb|300px| [[M7 bayonet]] mounted on a Mossberg 590A1]]
Some Mossberg models, like the 590, have a bayonet lug.{{cn|date=August 2024}}

==Maverick Arms subsidiary==
Mossberg also markets a less expensive shotgun under the [[Maverick Arms]] name, the [[Mossberg Maverick]] 88, in blued finish, with synthetic stocks, and in appearance, it is virtually identical to the 500 model. Maverick and Mossberg shotguns share many interchangeable parts,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clipsnstuff.com/shotgun-ati.shtml |title=SHOTGUN ACCESSORIES - Clips'N'Stuff Firearm Accessories |publisher=Clipsnstuff.com |access-date=2008-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731153934/http://www.clipsnstuff.com/shotgun-ati.shtml |archive-date=2008-07-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allenslaw.com/at.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004100705/http://www.allenslaw.com/at.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-10-04 |title=Advanced Technology Shotgun Conversion System |publisher=Allenslaw.com |access-date=2008-09-13 }}</ref> but Maverick shotguns differ in some ways, such as lacking sling swivel studs and having cross-bolt safeties instead of tang safeties, which makes the trigger group non-interchangeable with the Model 500 shotgun. The one-piece forearm can be replaced with OEM or aftermarket parts with the addition of an action slide tube, as the factory forearm has the action bars pinned into place. The Maverick series also does not come drilled and tapped for rail mounts like the 500 models. There are two basic models of the 88, the 88 field and the 88 security, with a cartridge capacity of six or eight shots, and their magazines unscrew from the receiver and can be replaced with any of the tubular Mossberg 500/590 magazines.

==Model numbers==
*500A = [[Gauge (bore diameter)|12 gauge]]
*500AB = [[Gauge (bore diameter)|12 gauge, Dual Action Bar]]
*500B = [[16 gauge]] (has been discontinued)
*500C = [[20 gauge]] and [[12-gauge shotgun|12 gauge]]
*500D = [[gauge (bore diameter)|28 gauge]] (never went into production)
*500E = [[.410 bore]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://world.guns.ru/shotgun/sh03-e.htm |title=Modern Firearms - Mossberg 500 shotgun |publisher=World.guns.ru |access-date=2008-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913170444/http://world.guns.ru/shotgun/sh03-e.htm |archive-date=2008-09-13 }}</ref>

==Users==
[[File:Mossberg 500 Users.png|thumb|251x251px|A map with Mossberg 500 users in blue]]
[[Image:Shotgun.jpg|thumb|250px|A U.S. soldier in [[Ramadi|Ar Ramadi]], [[Iraq]] in 2004 armed with a Mossberg 500.]]
Mossberg produced two U.S. military versions of the model 500, the 500 MILS and the 500M MILS, the difference being the location of the upper sling swivel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mossberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/500-MILS-500M-MILS.pdf |title=Manual 500 MILS & 500M MILS |access-date=2015-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151028062112/http://www.mossberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/500-MILS-500M-MILS.pdf |archive-date=2015-10-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The model numbers contain a U.S. prefix to the serial number. These particular models (500 MILS & 500M MILS) contain all metal parts, are parkerized with a 20-inch barrel. The magazine capacity is 6+1.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brucecanfield.com/uscombatshotguns.html |title=Complete Guide to United States Military Combat Shotguns |author=Canfield, Bruce |year=2008 |publisher=self |access-date=2011-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913125426/http://www.brucecanfield.com/uscombatshotguns.html |archive-date=2011-09-13 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

*Papua New Guinea used by  Royal Papua New Guinea Constublary Police Force ,590A1 and 500 in use with Task Force Unit and Special Service Division Unit within the RPCPF 
*{{flagcountry|Islamic Republic of Afghanistan}}<ref name="bicc">{{cite web|title=Mossberg 500|url=https://salw-guide.bicc.de/en/weapon/view/109|website=SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification|author1=Bonn International Center for Conversion|author-link1=Bonn International Center for Conversion|author2=Bundeswehr Verification Center|access-date=31 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831174555/https://salw-guide.bicc.de/en/weapon/view/109|archive-date=31 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Argentina}} <ref name="SmallArmsToday88argentina">{{cite book| last = Ezell| first = Edward| author-link = Edward C. Ezell| title = Small Arms Today| publisher = Stackpole Books| volume = 2nd| edition = | date = 1988
| pages = 43| language = English | isbn = 0811722805| jfm =}}</ref>
*{{flag|Bangladesh}}<ref name="bicc" />
* {{flag|Brazil}}: Used by naval infantry<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mar.mil.br/cmatfn/armamentos/armamentos_leves.htm |title=Armamento Leve |access-date=2017-01-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827115818/http://www.mar.mil.br/cmatfn/armamentos/armamentos_leves.htm |archive-date=2016-08-27 }}</ref> 590 in use with Marine Special Operations Battalion<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olive |first=Ronaldo  |title=Brazil's Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais – Small Arms Defense Journal |url=https://sadefensejournal.com/brazils-corpo-de-fuzileiros-navais/ |access-date=2022-11-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> and Army Police.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-04 |title=Recent images of Rio's drug war - |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2017/10/04/recent-images-rios-drug-war/ |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=The Firearm Blog |language=en-US}}</ref> 500 Cruiser issued to [[1º Batalhão de Forças Especiais|BFEsp]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-02 |title=wiw_sa_brazil - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_brazil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602220038/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_brazil |archive-date=2016-06-02  |access-date=2022-11-19 }}</ref> 
* {{flag|Chile}}{{cn|date=October 2023}}
* {{flag|Haiti}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dyinginhaiti.blogspot.com/2006/08/guns-in-sun-city.html |title = Dying in Haiti: Guns in Sun City| date=22 August 2006 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Iceland}}:<ref name="bicc" /> [[National Police of Iceland]].<ref>"Með Glock 17 og MP5". ''Fréttatíminn''. 23. 09. 2011. p. 12-14.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Balestrieri |first=Steve |date=2019-02-12 |title=FIRE AND ICE: ICELAND’S ELITE, “VIKING SQUAD” SWAT TEAM |url=https://sofrep.com/specialoperations/fire-and-ice-icelands-elite-viking-squad-swat-team/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=SOFREP |language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{flag|Iraq}}<ref name="bicc" />
* {{flag|Japan}}: Used by [[Japan Self-Defense Forces]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dvidshub.net/image/1774106/japan-us-armies-train-together-during-exercise-north-wind-2015|title=Japan, US armies train together during Exercise North Wind 2015 [Image 10 of 13]|date=2 December 2015|author=Sgt. Eric-James Estrada|publisher= Defense Visual Information Distribution Service|access-date=2020-06-17}}{{better source needed|date=September 2023}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kazakhstan}}<ref name="SAS 2012 4">{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-04-EN.pdf|chapter=Blue Skies and Dark Clouds: Kazakhstan and Small Arms|title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2012|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=131|isbn=978-0-521-19714-4|access-date=2018-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|archive-date=2018-08-31|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Lebanon}}<ref>{{cite journal|last=Castelli|first=Christopher J.|date=September 2008|title=Department of Defense to Equip Lebanon's Special Forces with Small Arms, Vehicles|journal=DISAM Journal|volume=30|issue=3|pages=123|url=http://www.disam.dsca.mil/pubs/Vol%2030_3/Castelli.pdf|access-date=January 18, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327064024/http://www.disam.dsca.mil/pubs/Vol%2030_3/Castelli.pdf|archive-date=March 27, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Malaysia}}: [[Malaysian Special Operations Force]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces |title=Malaysian Special Forces |author=Thompson, Leroy |year=2008 |publisher=Special Weapons |access-date=2010-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402013858/http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces/ |archive-date=2012-04-02 |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[RELA Corps]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}
* {{flag|Mexico}}<ref name="bicc" />
* {{flag|Netherlands}}: 590DA1 is used by the [[Korps Commandotroepen]], Armoured infantry and the Airmobile Brigade of the [[Royal Netherlands Army]].<ref>[http://www.collectie.legermuseum.nl/strategion/strategion/i007439.html Legermuseum collections page] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724160956/http://www.collectie.legermuseum.nl/strategion/strategion/i007439.html |date=2011-07-24 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Nicaragua}}<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-12|title=Analysis of Nicaragua's Paramilitary Arsenal|url=https://www.bellingcat.com/news/americas/2019/02/12/analysis-of-nicaraguas-paramilitary-arsenal/|access-date=2021-04-21|website=bellingcat|language=en-GB}}</ref>
* {{flag|Philippines}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stripes.com/news/u-s-philippines-wrap-up-annual-balikatan-exercise-1.141114|title=U.S. Philippines wrap up annual Balikatan exercise|access-date=21 May 2020}}</ref>
* {{flag|Poland}}: 50,440 in use by [[Military Gendarmerie]] and 590 in use by [[Policja]] since 1994<ref>{{cite web|url=http://isp.policja.pl/download/12/2521/07Strzelbyglagkolufowe.pdf|title=Strzelby gładkolufowe na wyposażeniu policji od 1994 roku|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref> and probably in use by [[Task Force White Eagle|Polish Troops in Afghanistan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://atplatoon.w.interia.pl/ekwip1.html|title=Serwis militarny|access-date=25 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225181125/http://atplatoon.w.interia.pl/ekwip1.html|archive-date=25 December 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*{{POR}}: Used by [[Portuguese Marine Corps]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=O CONTRA-ALMIRANTE CORTES PICCIOCHI FALA AO "OPERACIONAL" {{!}} Operacional|url=http://www.operacional.pt/o-contra-almirante-cortes-picciochi-fala-ao-operacional/|access-date=2020-07-01|language=pt-PT}}</ref>
* {{flag|Romania}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.mapn.ro/cpresa/3746_Press-Release|title=Press Release|work=[[Ministry of National Defence (Romania)|Ministerul Apărării Naționale]]|date=18 September 2012}}</ref>
* {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 12 Gauge Mossberg 500 <ref name="SmallArmsToday88arabia">{{cite book| last = Ezell| first = Edward| author-link = Edward C. Ezell| title = Small Arms Today| publisher = Stackpole Books| volume = 2nd| edition = | date = 1988
| pages = 317| language = English | isbn = 0811722805| jfm =}}</ref>
* {{flag|Serbia}}: Mossberg M-590 is used by [[Special Anti-Terrorist Unit (Serbia)|Special Anti-Terrorist Unit]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://specijalne-jedinice.com/Srbija/SAJ.html#sthash.WbpTtktY.6bWaDniX.dpbs|title=Specijalne-jedinice.com - Specijalna antiteroristička jedinica-SAJ|website=specijalne-jedinice.com|access-date=2017-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202075431/http://specijalne-jedinice.com/Srbija/SAJ.html#sthash.WbpTtktY.6bWaDniX.dpbs|archive-date=2017-02-02|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flag|Solomon Islands}}: Used by [[Royal Solomon Islands Police Force]].<ref>{{cite web |author=PACNEWS |url=http://pina.com.fj/index.php?p=pacnews&m=read&o=125275793358afa31f6bc37efa2753 |title=Solomon Islands limited rearmament to commence shortly |publisher=PAC News |date=2017-02-23 |access-date=2017-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823075652/http://pina.com.fj/index.php?p=pacnews&m=read&o=125275793358afa31f6bc37efa2753 |archive-date=2017-08-23 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{flag|Spain}} 12 Gauge Mossberg 500. In service with the [[Guardia Civil]] and the Cuerpo Superior security forces.<ref name="SmallArmsToday88spain">{{cite book| last = Ezell| first = Edward| author-link = Edward C. Ezell| title = Small Arms Today| publisher = Stackpole Books| volume = 2nd| edition = | date = 1988
| pages = 334| language = English | isbn = 0811722805| jfm =}}</ref>
*{{flag|United States}}: Used by the [[United States Army|Army]], [[United States Navy|Navy]], and [[United States Marine Corps|Marines]].{{sfn|Thompson|2013|p=22}}<ref name="fbodaily.com">{{cite web|date=2004-08-31|title=US Naval Surface Warfare Center acquisition contract for 2,200 to 7,500 Mossberg model 590A1 shotguns|url=http://www.fbodaily.com/archive/2004/08-August/05-Aug-2004/FBO-00636068.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222070936/http://www.fbodaily.com/archive/2004/08-August/05-Aug-2004/FBO-00636068.htm|archive-date=2007-12-22|access-date=2008-09-13}}</ref>
*{{UKR}}: Was donated to the Ukrainian Army by the [[Federal government of the United States|United States government]] in the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsnpr |date=2022-02-07 |title=Western arms shipments to Ukraine |url=https://www.newsnpr.org/western-arms-shipments-to-ukraine/ |access-date=2022-07-09 |website=Newsnpr |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017090427/https://www.newsnpr.org/western-arms-shipments-to-ukraine/ |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
* {{flag|Yemen}}<ref name="bicc" />

===Non-state users===
*{{flagicon image|Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg}} [[Lebanese Forces (Christian militia)|Lebanese Forces]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-17 |title=Lebanese Forces: The Weapons: Pump Action Shotguns|url=http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wpumpaction.asp |access-date=2022-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317111140/http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wpumpaction.asp |archive-date=17 March 2016 }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Combat shotgun]]
*[[List of shotguns]]
*[[List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces#Shotguns|List of shotguns of the U.S. Armed Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Leroy|title=US Combat Shotguns|publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]]|year=2013|isbn=978-1780960142|series=|volume=Weapon 29}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071218200024/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_6_93/ai_n16346115 The tactical shotgun in urban operations] Infantry Magazine, Nov-Dec, 2004

==External links==
{{Commons category|Mossberg 500}}
*[https://www.mossberg.com/category/series/500/ Official website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041210094844/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3197/is_n3_v37/ai_12462187 Mossberg's 410 home defender: a well-targeted shotgun], Scott Farrell, Shooting Industry, March, 1992.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011837/http://www.gunsandammomag.com/long_guns/mossir_033007/index.html The Magnificent Mossberg], Guns & Ammo Magazine, April, 2007
*[http://www.mossberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Shockwave-Letter-from-ATF-3-2-17.pdf Letter from the ATF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309183908/http://www.mossberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Shockwave-Letter-from-ATF-3-2-17.pdf |date=2021-03-09 }} A letter from the ATF concerning the legality of Mossberg's Shockwave firearm.
*[https://www.mossberg.com/firearms/shotguns/590r-rm.html?utm_source=CarbonMedia&utm_medium=590R_RM800x600&utm_campaign=Native&utm_term=590R_RM&utm_content=590R_RM+CarbonMedia+Native Mossberg 590RM]

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{{Mossberg firearms}}
[[Category:O.F. Mossberg & Sons|500]]
[[Category:Pump-action shotguns]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps equipment]]
[[Category:Shotguns of the United States]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1961]]