View source for Mulled wine

{{Short description|Heated red wine with spices}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox beverage
| name         = Mulled wine
| image        = Glühwein Weinnachtsmarkt OS.JPG
| caption      = Mulled wine served in glass mugs at a [[Christmas market]] in [[Germany]]
| abv          = 0–15%
| ingredients  = Wine (red), spices and fruit
| variants     = [[Glühwein]], [[Glögg]], and many others
}}

[[File:Mulled wine made on the brazier.jpg|thumb|Mulled wine made on the brazier]]
'''Mulled wine''', also known as '''spiced wine''', is an [[alcoholic drink]] usually made with [[red wine]], along with various [[mulling spices]] and sometimes [[raisin]]s, served hot or warm.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2010/dec/09/how-to-make-perfect-mulled-wine|title=How to make perfect mulled wine|last=Cloake|first=Felicity|date=9 December 2010|work=The Guardian|access-date=5 February 2012|archive-date=2 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602210049/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2010/dec/09/how-to-make-perfect-mulled-wine|url-status=live}}</ref> It is a traditional drink during winter, especially around [[Christmas]].<ref>{{cite book|last=John|first=J.|title=A Christmas Compendium|publisher=Continuum|page=80|isbn=0-8264-8749-1|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yBP8a2jJ9A4C&pg=PA80}}</ref> It is usually served at [[Christmas market]]s in [[Europe]], primarily in [[Germany]], the [[Netherlands]], the [[Czech Republic]], [[Austria]], [[Switzerland]], Northern Italy, [[Poland]], [[Slovenia]], [[Croatia]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-26 |title=Dobra Hrana - Na ovim adventskim kućicama moći ćete kupiti izvrsna kuhana vina, isprobali smo ih |url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/dobrahrana/price/na-ovim-adventskim-kucicama-moci-cete-kupiti-izvrsna-kuhana-vina-isprobali-smo-ih-15125377 |access-date=2023-12-04 |website=www.jutarnji.hr |language=hr-hr |archive-date=2023-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204034432/https://www.jutarnji.hr/dobrahrana/price/na-ovim-adventskim-kucicama-moci-cete-kupiti-izvrsna-kuhana-vina-isprobali-smo-ih-15125377 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Plush |first=Hazel |date=2023-11-17 |title=Europe's best-value Christmas markets revealed in 'mulled wine index' |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/mulled-wine-index-europes-best-value-christmas-markets/ |access-date=2023-12-04 |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=2023-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204034722/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/mulled-wine-index-europes-best-value-christmas-markets |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], [[Nordic countries|the Nordic countries]], the [[Baltic countries]], [[Great Britain]] and [[France]]. There are [[Non-alcoholic drink|non-alcoholic]] versions of it.

==Origins==
{{Main|History of wine}}
The first record of [[wine]] being spiced and heated can be found in [[Plautus]]' play ''[[Curculio (play)|Curculio]]'', written during the 2nd century BC.<ref name="Fosbroke1835">{{cite book|author=Thomas Dudley Fosbroke|title=A Treatise on the Arts, Manufactures, Manners, and Institutions of the Greeks and Romans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=go7UAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA327|year=1835|publisher=Longmans|page=327}}</ref><ref name="Plautus1829">{{cite book|author=Titus Maccius Plautus|title=M. Accii Plauti Comœdiæ|url=https://archive.org/details/macciiplauticom06plaugoog|year=1829|publisher=Cubrante et imprimente A. J. Valpy|quote="Quos semper videas bibentes esse in Thermopolio: Ubi quid surripuere, operto capitulo calidum bibunt, Tristes atque ebrioli incedunt." Translation: "Those always seem to be drinking in the cafe where you have stolen hiding in hot drink, always gloomy and tipsy." - [[Plautus]], CURCULIONIS ACT. II. The reference to Plautus is given in "History of Rome, and of the Roman people: from its origin to the invasion of the barbarians", Victor Duruy, Estes and Lauriat, 1894, Page 400.}}</ref> The Romans travelled across [[Europe]], conquering much of it and trading with the rest. The legions brought wine and [[viticulture]] with them up to the [[Rhine]] and [[Danube]] rivers and to the [[Scotland|Scottish]] border, along with their recipes.<ref>J. Robinson (ed.). ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', Third Edition. Oxford University Press, 2006. 589–590.</ref>

[[The Forme of Cury]],<ref>Pegge, S., 2007. The Forme of Cury. BiblioLife.</ref> a medieval English cookery book from 1390, which mentioned mulled wine, says: "Pur fait [[Hippocras|Ypocras]] ..." grinding together [[cinnamon]], [[ginger]], [[galangal]], [[cloves]], [[long pepper]], [[nutmeg]], [[marjoram]], [[cardamom]], and [[Aframomum melegueta|grains of paradise]] ("spykenard de Spayn", [[rosemary]] may be substituted). This is mixed with red wine and sugar (form and quantity unstated).{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}

==Britain==
Mulled wine is very popular and traditional in the United Kingdom at Christmas, and less commonly throughout winter. Mulled cider (and sometimes mulled ale,<ref>(2011). [http://www.oldandinteresting.com/ale-warmers.aspx Oldandinteresting.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124025956/http://www.oldandinteresting.com/ale-warmers.aspx |date=2015-11-24 }} (accessed 6/12/2015)</ref> traditional yet no longer common) is also served, with a mulled apple juice as a non-alcoholic alternative.<ref>Lewis, E. (2009). Mulled Apple Juice. BBC Good Food. [http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/13370/mulled-apple-juice Bbcgoodfood.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210224636/http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/13370/mulled-apple-juice |date=2015-12-10 }} (accessed 6/12/2015)</ref>

===In traditional culture===
[[File:Isabella Beeton - Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management - title page.jpg|thumb|upright|The cover of Mrs. Beeton's book]]

Over the years the recipe for mulled wine has evolved with the tastes and fashions of the time. One Victorian example of this is [[smoking bishop]], mentioned by Charles Dickens but no longer drunk or known in modern culture. A more traditional recipe can be found in ''[[Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management]]'' at paragraph 1961 on page 929 to 930 of the revised edition dated 1869:<ref>Mayson, I.M., (1861). Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management. London and Melbourne: Warde, Lock and Company Ltd.</ref>
<div style="overflow:hidden">
{{quote|TO MULL WINE.<br />INGREDIENTS.- To every pint of wine allow 1 large cupful of water, sugar, and spice to taste.<br /><br />''Mode''.-In making preparations like the above, it is very difficult to give the exact proportions of ingredients like sugar and spice, as what quantity might suit one person would be to another quite distasteful. Boil the spice in the water until the flavour is extracted, then add the wine and sugar, and bring the whole to the boiling point, then serve with strips of crisp dry toast, or with biscuits. The spices usually used for mulled wine are [[clove]]s, grated [[nutmeg]], and [[cinnamon]] or [[Mace (spice)|mace]]. Any kind of wine may be mulled, but port and claret are those usually selected for the purpose, and the latter requires a very large proportion of sugar. The vessel that the wine is boiled in must be delicately cleaned and should be kept exclusively for the purpose. Small tin warmers may be purchased for a trifle, which is more suitable than saucepans, as, if the latter are not scrupulously clean, they spoil the wine, by imparting to it a very disagreeable flavour. These warmers should be used for no other purpose.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Book of Household Management |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/10136/pg10136.html |website=Project Gutenberg |access-date=21 July 2023 |archive-date=1 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001001137/https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/10136/pg10136.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
</div>

===In contemporary culture===
[[File:British Mulled Wine and Cider.jpeg|thumb|upright|A British pub selling mulled wine and spiced (mulled) cider in December]]

In contemporary [[British culture]], there is no specific recipe for mulled wine and the spices involved in its recipe. It is commonly a combination of orange, lemon, [[cinnamon]], [[nutmeg]], [[fennel]] seed (or [[star anise]]), [[cloves]], [[cardamom]], and [[ginger]].<ref name="theguardian.com">{{cite news|last1=Cloake|first1=Felicity|title=How to make perfect mulled wine|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2010/dec/09/how-to-make-perfect-mulled-wine|newspaper=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News and Media Limited|accessdate=22 April 2016|date=2010-12-09|archive-date=2019-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602210049/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2010/dec/09/how-to-make-perfect-mulled-wine|url-status=live}}</ref> The spices may be combined and boiled in a sugar syrup before [[red wine]] is added, heated, and served. Variations include adding [[brandy]] or [[ginger wine]]. A tea bag of spices can be added to the wine, which is heated along with slices of orange as a convenient alternative to a full recipe. Mulled wine is often served in small (200&nbsp;ml) porcelain or glass mugs, sometimes with an orange slice garnish studded with cloves.

Mulled wine and ales infused with mulling spices are available in the UK in the winter months. [[Wassail]] punch is a warm mulled [[beer]] or [[cider]] drunk in winter in Victorian times.<ref>{{cite web|title=Activities: Make Your Your Own Victorian Wassail Punch|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/victorianchristmas/activity/wassail-punch.shtml|website=BBD|access-date=22 April 2016|archive-date=12 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412171524/http://www.bbc.co.uk/victorianchristmas/activity/wassail-punch.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

==''Glühwein''==
[[File:Roter Glühwein.jpg|thumb|A cup of ''Glühwein'']]

''Glühwein'' (roughly translated as 'glowing-wine', from the temperature the wine is heated to) is popular in German-speaking countries, the Germany-bordering [[Alsace]] region of France, and to a lesser extent Russia. It is a traditional beverage offered during the Christmas holidays. In Alsace [[Christmas market]]s, it is traditionally the only alcoholic beverage served. The oldest documented ''Glühwein'' [[tankard]] is attributed to Count John IV of [[Katzenelnbogen]], a German nobleman who was the first grower of [[Riesling]] grapes. This gold-plated lockable silver tankard is dated to {{circa|1420}}.<ref>{{cite news |date=18 November 2015 |title=German Recipe: Glühwein or spiced wine |url=https://www.stuttgartcitizen.com/lifestyle/german-recipe-gluhwein-or-spiced-wine/ |work=Stuttgart Citizen |access-date=30 June 2019 |archive-date=1 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701022513/https://www.stuttgartcitizen.com/lifestyle/german-recipe-gluhwein-or-spiced-wine/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Glühwein'' is usually prepared from red wine, heated and spiced with cinnamon sticks, [[clove]]s, [[Illicium verum|star aniseed]], [[Orange (fruit)|orange]], [[sugar]] and at times vanilla pods. It is sometimes drunk ''mit Schuss'' (with a [[shot (alcohol)|shot]]), which means that rum or some other liquor has been added. [[Fruit wine]]s, such as blueberry wine and cherry wine, are occasionally used instead of grape wine in some parts of Germany. A variation of ''Glühwein'' is made with white wine, but it is less popular than its red counterpart. For children, the non-alcoholic ''Kinderpunsch'' is offered on Christmas markets, which is a [[Punch (drink)|punch]] with similar spices.

[[File:Feuerzangenbowle 044-3.jpg|thumb|Feuerzangenbowle]]
Another popular variant of ''Glühwein'' in Germany is ''[[Feuerzangenbowle]]''. It shares the same recipe, but for this drink a rum-soaked [[sugarloaf]] is set on fire and allowed to drip into the wine. Polish type of ''Glühwein'' is called ''Grzaniec''. It is similar to the German one with one exception—it is usually sweetened with honey instead of sugar.

==Nordic ''glögg''==
{{Main|Glögg}}
[[File:Blossa årgångsglögg 05.jpg|thumb|120px|Readymade ''glögg'' ([[Blossa]] brand, Sweden)]]

''Glögg'', ''gløgg'', ''glögi'' and similar words are the terms used for mulled wine in the [[Nordic countries]] and [[Estonia]] (sometimes spelled as ''glog'' or ''glug''). It is spelled ''gløgg'' in Norwegian, Danish and Faroese, ''glögg'' in Swedish and Icelandic and ''glögi'' in Finnish and Estonian. In Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland ''gløgg'' or ''glögg'' is often drunk at Christmas events.

Non-alcoholic and alcoholic versions of ''glögg'' can be bought ready-made or prepared with fruit juices instead of wine. The main ingredients of alcoholic ''glögg'' are red [[wine]], sugar, spices such as cinnamon, [[cardamom]], [[ginger]], cloves, and [[bitter orange]], and optionally also stronger spirits such as [[vodka]], [[akvavit]], [[rum]] or [[Cognac|brandy]]. Throughout Scandinavia, ''glögg'' spice extract and ready-mixed spices can be purchased in grocery stores. To prepare ''glögg'', spices or spice extract are mixed into the wine, which is then heated to 60–70&nbsp;°C. When preparing homemade ''glögg'' using spices, the hot mixture is allowed to infuse for at least an hour, often longer, and then reheated before serving. Ready-made wine ''glögg'', as well as low- or non-alcoholic varieties,<ref>{{cite web | title = Glögg Alkoholfri: Mulled red wine, non-alcoholic | url = http://www.ikea.com/us/en/catalog/products/50218780/ | publisher = IKEA | access-date = 2012-11-24 | archive-date = 2012-11-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121128122808/http://www.ikea.com/us/en/catalog/products/50218780/ | url-status = live }}</ref> is normally sold at [[Systembolaget]] in [[Sweden]], and in [[Alko]] in [[Finland]], ready to heat and serve, and not in concentrate or extract form. ''Glögg'' is generally served with [[raisin]]s, dried [[clove]]s, [[blanching (cooking)|blanched]] [[almond]]s and [[ginger biscuits]] (gingerbread cookies), and is a popular hot drink during the Christmas season.

In Sweden, ginger bread and ''[[Saffron bun|lussebullar]]'' (also called ''lussekatter''), a type of sweet bun with [[saffron]] and raisins, are typically served on December 13 to celebrate [[Saint Lucia's Day]]. It is also traditionally served at the [[julbord]], the Christmas version of the classic, Swedish buffet [[smörgåsbord]]. In [[Denmark]], ''gløgg'' pairings typically include [[æbleskiver]] sprinkled with [[powdered sugar]] and accompanied with [[strawberry]] [[marmalade]]. In [[Norway]], ''gløgg'' is paired with risengrynsgrøt (rice pudding). In such cases, the word ''graut-''/''grøtfest'' is more precise, taking the name from the rice pudding which is served as a course. Typically, ''gløgg'' is drunk before eating the rice pudding, which is often served with cold, red [[Liqueur|cordial]] (saus).

''Glögg'' recipes vary widely; variations with white wine or sweet wine such as Port or Madeira, or spirits such as brandy, schnapps or [[whisky]] are also popular, either added directly or by soaking the raisins and spice in them before preparing the drink (often resulting in a notable increase in the alcohol contents). ''Glögg'' can also be made without alcohol by replacing the wine with fruit or berry juices (often [[blackcurrant]]) or by boiling the ''glögg'' to evaporate the alcohol. ''Glögg'' is similar in taste to modern [[Wassail]] or [[Apple cider|mulled cider]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

==Other countries==
[[File:Glühwein-Zubereitung.JPG|thumb|Mulled wine steeping with spices and fruit]]

In [[Croatia]], [[Slovenia]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Montenegro]] and [[Serbia]], ''kuhano vino'' or ''kuvano vino'' ({{lang-sh-Cyrl|кувано вино}}, {{literally|cooked wine}}), is made from red or white wine and various combinations of nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, aniseed sugar/honey or orange zest, often served with slices of orange or lemon. In [[North Macedonia]], it is called ''vareno vino'' ({{langx|mk|варено вино}}, 'boiled wine') or ''greeno vino'' ({{langx|mk|греено вино}}, 'heated wine') and is usually served in late autumn or winter. It is made of red wine, usually from the [[Tikveš]] region, combined with cinnamon and sugar or honey. The wine, heated in combination with [[Black pepper|pepper]], is used as a [[folk remedy]] for cold and flu.

In the south and southeast of [[Brazil]], it is called ''vinho quente'' or ''quentão'', from the same Portuguese drink.<ref>{{cite book | last=Hamilton | first=C. | title=Brazil: A Culinary Journey | publisher=Hippocrene Books | series=Hippocrene cookbook library | year=2005 | isbn=978-0-7818-1080-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lXAYAq59Do8C&pg=PT197 | access-date=February 3, 2015 | page=197}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Herrera-Sobek | first=M. | title=Celebrating Latino Folklore: An Encyclopedia of Cultural Traditions [3 volumes] | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-313-34340-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lY-tY62V1FIC&pg=PA147 | access-date=February 3, 2015 | page=147}}</ref> It is typically made with red wine, cinnamon sticks and cloves. ''Cachaça'' may be added to increase the alcohol content. It is served as part of the [[Festa Junina]], celebrated during winter in the month of June.

In [[Bulgaria]], it is called ''greyano vino'' ({{langx|bg|греяно вино}}, 'heated wine'), and consists of red wine, [[honey]] and [[peppercorn]]. Sometimes apples or citrus fruits, such as lemon or oranges, can be added.

In [[Chile]], it is called ''candola'' in the south and ''vino navega'o'' in the north (''navegado'', {{literally|sailor}}; 'navigated' is considered a [[hypercorrection]]). Navega'o is a hot drink made from red wine, orange peels, cinnamon sticks, cloves, and sugar. Although being considered a southern Chile beverage, it is served throughout the country. Many people regard it as a winter drink. Saint John's Eve (Spanish tradition which replaced ''Wetripantru'', the Mapuche New Year's Day that coincides with the Winter Solstice in the southern hemisphere—Midsummer in the northern hemisphere) on the evening of 23 June would be, for example, a good time to drink ''navega'o''.

In the [[Czech Republic]], mulled wine is called ''svařené víno'' ('boiled wine'), colloquially ''svařák''. In [[Slovakia]], mulled wine is called ''varené víno'' ('boiled wine'), and is usually served during the Christmas season.

In [[France]], ''vin chaud'' ('hot wine') typically consists of red wine mixed with honey, cinnamon, and orange. It must not be too sweet. Beverage noted in the [[Alps]] for winter sports. In [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]], ''vin chaud'' is consumed during the festivities surrounding [[L'Escalade]].

In [[Hungary]], ''forralt bor'' ('boiled wine') is typically made from the country's popular [[Egri Bikavér]] and spiced with cinnamon, sugar and cloves. Sometimes Amaretto is added for extra taste.

In [[Italy]], mulled wine is typical in the northern part of the country and is called ''vin brülé'' (from the French ''vin brûlé'', 'burnt wine', though the expression is not used in France).

In [[Latvia]], it is called ''karstvīns'' ('hot wine'). When out of wine, it is prepared using grape (or currant) juice and [[Riga Black Balsam]]. In [[Lithuania]], it is called ''glintveinas'' or ''karštas vynas'' ('hot wine').

In [[Romania]], ''vin fiert'' is typically made with cinnamon, sugar and oranges. Red wine is the most common type but white wine is also used. In [[Moldova]] ''vin fiert'' is made from red wine with black pepper and honey.

In some parts of the [[Netherlands]] and [[Belgium]], the drink is known as ''bisschopswijn'' ('bishop's wine'), but not generally. ''Bisschopswijn'' is drunk during the [[Sinterklaas]] holidays in did regions, but a majority of the Netherlands calls it Glühwijn and it's drunk throughout December, usually closer to Christmas period than Sinterklaas.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ten things you need to know to celebrate Sinterklaas|url=http://www.dutchnews.nl/features/2015/11/ten-things-you-need-to-know-to-celebrate-sinterklaas/|website=Dutchnews.nl|access-date=14 December 2015|date=28 November 2015|archive-date=12 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151212235228/http://www.dutchnews.nl/features/2015/11/ten-things-you-need-to-know-to-celebrate-sinterklaas/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Holton, N. (2014). Bisschopswijn. [http://www.thedutchtable.com/2014/12/bisschopswijn.html Thedutchtable.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222082811/http://www.thedutchtable.com/2014/12/bisschopswijn.html |date=2015-12-22 }} (accessed 21/12/2015).</ref><ref>Jansen, R. (2012). Sinterklaas en Bisschopswijn. [http://wijnbloggers.nl/sinterklaas-en-bisschopswijn%E2%80%AC%E2%80%AC%E2%80%AC/ Wijnbloggers.nl] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222163704/http://wijnbloggers.nl/sinterklaas-en-bisschopswijn%E2%80%AC%E2%80%AC%E2%80%AC/ |date=2015-12-22 }} (accessed 21/12/2015).</ref>

In [[Poland]], ''grzane wino'' ('heated wine'), or ''grzaniec'' in highlander dialect, is very similar to the Czech variant, especially in the southern regions. There is also a similar method for preparing mulled beer, or ''grzane piwo'', which is popular with Belgian beers because of the sweet flavor of that particular type of beer, which uses the same spices as mulled wine and is heated. Vodka-spiked mulled wine can be found in Polish Christmas markets, where mulled wine is used as a mixer.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}}

In [[Portugal]], mainly in the [[Douro Province|Douro]] and [[Minho Province]]s, it is called ''vinho quente'' and made with [[Madeira wine]] and [[port wine]], in the Porto region Porto Quente is more popular.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jouvin |first=Laurent |date=2015-12-16 |title=Glühwein – The mulled wine of Germany |url=https://www.wineponder.com/gluhwein-the-mulled-wine-of-germany/#:~:text=In%20Portugal,%20it%20is%20called,which%20means%20%E2%80%9Cboiled%20wine%E2%80%9D. |access-date=2024-10-09 |website=Wine Ponder |language=en-US}}</ref>

In [[Russia]] and [[Ukraine]], ''glintveyn'' ({{lang|ru|глинтвейн}}) is a popular drink during winters{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Коляда з незнайомцями, святкова ялинка та різдвяні солодощі: Як незабутньо зустріти Новий рік і Різдво у Львові|url=http://zik.ua/article/koliada_z_neznaiomtsiamy_sviatkova_ialynka_ta_rizdviani_solodoshchi_yak_nezabutno_zustrity_novyi_rik_i_rizdvo_u_lvovi_989870|access-date=2020-12-18|website=zik.ua|language=uk-UK|archive-date=2020-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212111133/https://zik.ua/article/koliada_z_neznaiomtsiamy_sviatkova_ialynka_ta_rizdviani_solodoshchi_yak_nezabutno_zustrity_novyi_rik_i_rizdvo_u_lvovi_989870|url-status=dead}}</ref> and has same recipe as the German ''Glühwein''. Russian {{Interlanguage link|dusheparka|ru|3=душепарка|vertical-align=sup}} ({{langx|ru|душепарка}}) is a historical analogue of mulled wine. Additionally, the traditional Russian winter herbal drink ''[[sbiten]]'', although usually a non-alcoholic [[tisane]] made with hot water, may also be made with red wine replacing some or all of the water.<ref>{{cite web|title=Russian Sbiten Recipe|url=http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/beverages/r/Russian-Sbiten-Recipe-Hot-Honey-Spice-Beverage.htm|website=About Food|access-date=2 February 2016|archive-date=2 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202111101/http://easteuropeanfood.about.com/od/beverages/r/Russian-Sbiten-Recipe-Hot-Honey-Spice-Beverage.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
In the 1946 Christmas movie ''[[It's a Wonderful Life]]'', after the 293-year old [[guardian angel]] [[Clarence Odbody]] (traveling with [[George Bailey (It's a Wonderful Life)|George Bailey]] to an alternate world if George had not been born) goes to a rough bar. And, not knowing what to order since he had not been to a bar in centuries, decides to order, "I was just thinking of a flaming rum punch. No, it's not cold enough for that. Not nearly cold enough…Wait a minute…wait a minute…Mulled wine, heavy on the cinnamon and light on the cloves. Off with you, me lad, and be lively!"<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thekitchn.com/the-celluloid-p-35-15630 | title=The Celluloid Pantry: Mulled Wine and It's a Wonderful Life (1946) | access-date=2023-11-09 | archive-date=2023-11-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045430/https://www.thekitchn.com/the-celluloid-p-35-15630 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://americanpulps.com/drink-like-a-character-clarences-mulled-wine-its-a-wonderful-life/ | title=Drink Like a Character: Clarence's Mulled Wine Recipe - It's a Wonderful Life - | date=28 December 2018 | access-date=9 November 2023 | archive-date=9 November 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109045427/https://americanpulps.com/drink-like-a-character-clarences-mulled-wine-its-a-wonderful-life/ | url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Portal|Europe|Drink|Wine}}
{{div col}}
* {{annotated link|Aromatised wine}}
* {{Annotated link|Christmas dishes}}
* {{annotated link|Ginger wine}}
* {{annotated link|Glögg}}
* {{annotated link|Grog}}
* {{annotated link|Hippocras}}
* {{annotated link|List of hot drinks}}
* {{annotated link|Negus (drink)|Negus}}
* {{annotated link|Rakomelo}}
* {{Annotated link|Wassail}}
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* NPR Staff. "[https://www.npr.org/2011/12/22/144101579/get-into-the-holiday-spirit-with-scandinavian-glogg?ft=3&f=111787346&sc=nl&cc=es-20111225 Get into the Holiday Spirit with Scandinavian Glogg]". ''[[All Things Considered]]''. [[NPR]]. 22 December 2011.

{{Wine cocktails}}
{{Alcoholic beverages}}
{{Christmas}}

[[Category:Chilean alcoholic beverages]]
[[Category:Christmas food]]
[[Category:Sinterklaas food]]
[[Category:Halloween food]]
[[Category:Hot drinks]]
[[Category:Cocktails with wine]]
[[Category:Wine styles]]
[[Category:Wine dishes]]