View source for Muzaffarabad

{{Short description|Capital of Azad Kashmir, a region administered by Pakistan}}
{{Other uses}}
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = 
| name               = Muzaffarabad
| native_name        = {{Nastaliq|مظفر آباد}}
| native_name_lang   = ur
| settlement_type    = City administered by Pakistan
| image_skyline      = Pakistan is full of breathtaking views - Muzafarabad.JPG
| imagesize          = 280
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = Aerial view of Muzaffarabad, which is situated in a valley formed by the confluence of the [[Neelam River|Neelam]] and [[Jhelum River|Jhelum]] rivers
| image_map1         = Kashmir region. LOC 2003626427 - showing sub-regions administered by different countries.jpg
| map_caption1       = A map showing Pakistan-administered [[Azad Kashmir]] shaded in [[sage (color)|sage]] in the disputed [[Kashmir]] region<ref name=tertiary-kashmir/>
| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=170|frame-align=center|zoom=4|type=point|title=Gilgit|marker=city|type2=shape|stroke-width2=2|stroke-color2=#808080}}
| map_caption        = Interactive map of Muzaffarabad
| coordinates        = {{coord|34|21|30|N|73|28|20|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Administering country
| subdivision_name   = [[Pakistan]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Administrative units of Pakistan|Territory]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Azad Kashmir]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Districts of Pakistan|District]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Muzaffarabad District|Muzaffarabad]]
| population_total   = 149,913
| total_type         = City
| population_rank    = [[List of largest cities in Pakistan|60th, Pakistan]]
| population_as_of   = [[2017 Census of Pakistan|2017]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name =statyearbook2019>{{cite web|url=https://www.pndajk.gov.pk/uploadfiles/downloads/AJ&K%20Statistical%20Year%20Book%202019.pdf|title=Statistical Year Book 2019
 |access-date=20 April 2020 |website=Statistics Azad Jammu and Kashmir| df=dmy }}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Urdu]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalia.info/profile/10/kashmir|title = Kashmir}}</ref>{{sfn|Rahman|1996|p=226}}<ref group="note">{{harvtxt|Snedden|2013|p=176}}: On p.&nbsp;29, the census report states that Urdu is the official language of the government of Azad Kashmir, with Kashmiri, Pahari, Gojri, Punjabi, Kohistani, Pushto, and Sheena 'frequently spoken in Azad Kashmir'. Yet, when surveyed about their 'mother tongue', Azad Kashmiris' choices were limited to selecting from Pakistan's major languages: Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushto, Balochi, Saraiki, and 'others'; not surprisingly, 2.18 million of Azad Kashmir's 2.97 million people chose 'others'.</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
| demographics1_info2 = {{hlist|[[Pahari-Pothwari]]|[[Gojri]]|[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]|[[Hindko language|Hindko]]}}
| area_total_km2     = 
| elevation_m        = 737
| elevation_m_min    = 
| elevation_m_max    = 
| population_density_km2 = 
| leader_name1       = Khalid Awan ([[Pakistan People's Party|PPP]])
| area_code          = 05822
| area_code_type     = [[List of dialing codes of Pakistan|Calling code]]
| timezone1          = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
| utc_offset1        = +05:00
| website            = [https://web.archive.org/web/20050910120536/http://www.muzaffarabadak.com/ Muzaffarabad Government Portal] {{small|(defunct)}}
| established_date   = 1646
| founder            = [[Sultan Muzaffar Khan]]
| leader_party       = [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|PML(N)]]
| leader_name        = Sikandar Gilani
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_title1      = Deputy Mayor
| leader_title2      = Deputy Commissioner
| leader_name2       = Tahir Mumtaz [[Pakistan Administrative Service|BPS-18(PAS)]]
| leader_title3      = District Police Officer
| leader_name3       = Mirza Zahid Hussain [[Police Service of Pakistan|BPS-18(PSP)]]
}}
'''Muzaffarabad'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|ʊ|z|ə|ˌ|f|æ|r|ə|ˈ|b|æ|d}};<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Muzaffarabad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518051617/https://www.lexico.com/definition/Muzaffarabad |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 May 2021 |title=Muzaffarabad |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|مُظَفَّر آباد}}}}, [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]: [[Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu|[mʊzəfːərɑːbɑːd]]]}} is a city in [[Pakistan]]i-administered [[Azad Kashmir]] in the disputed [[Kashmir]] region.<ref name=tertiary-kashmir>The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of [[Kashmir]] and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the [[WP:TERTIARY|tertiary sources]] (a) through (e), reflecting [[WP:DUE|due weight]] in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below). <br/>
(a) {{citation|title=Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kashmir-region-Indian-subcontinent |accessdate=15 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";<br/> (b) {{citation|last1=Pletcher|first1=Kenneth|title=Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Aksai-Chin |accessdate=16 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state."; <br/> (c) {{citation|chapter=Kashmir|title=Encyclopedia Americana|publisher=Scholastic Library Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_cWAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA328|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7172-0139-6|page=328}} C. E Bosworth, the University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947"; <br/> (d) {{citation|last1=Osmańczyk|first1=Edmund Jan|title=Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fSIMXHMdfkkC&pg=PA1191|year=2003|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-93922-5|pages=1191–}} Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China." <br/>(e) {{citation|last=Talbot|first=Ian|title=A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eNg_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|year=2016|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-19694-8|pages=28–29}} Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";  <br/> (f) {{citation|last=Skutsch|first=Carl|editor-last=Ciment|editor-first=James|title=Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II|edition=2nd|year=2015|orig-year=2007|isbn=978-0-7656-8005-1|chapter=China: Border War with India, 1962|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|page=573|quote=The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule.  Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged.  Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible.  Similarly, China was offended that India had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959.  In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.}}<br/>  (g) {{citation|last=Clary|first=Christopher|title=The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia|date=2022 |publisher=Oxford University Press|location = Oxford and New York|isbn=9780197638408|page=109|quote=Territorial Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen.  In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin.  ... Circumstances worsened further in October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.}} <br/> (h) {{citation|last=Bose|first=Sumantra|title=Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ACMe9WBdNAC&pg=PA294|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-02855-5|pages=294, 291, 293}} Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control." <br/> (i) {{citation|last=Fisher|first=Michael H.|title=An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA166|year=2018|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-11162-2|page=166}} Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir."; <br/> (j) {{citation|last=Snedden|first=Christopher|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5amKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10|year=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-1-84904-621-3|page=10}} Quote:"Some politicised terms also used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."  
</ref> It is the largest city and the capital of Azad Kashmir, which is a Pakistani-administered [[Administrative units of Pakistan|administrative territory]].

The city is located in [[Muzaffarabad District]], near the confluence of the [[Jhelum River|Jhelum]] and [[Neelum River|Neelum]] rivers. The district is bounded by the Pakistani province of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] in the west, the [[Kupwara district|Kupwara]] and [[Baramulla district|Baramulla]] districts of [[India]]n-administered [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] in the east, and the [[Neelum District]] in the north.

==History==
Muzaffarabad was founded in 1646 by [[Sultan Muzaffar Khan]], chief of the [[Bomba (tribe)|Bomba tribe]]<ref>Mir-át-i Mas'údi Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine</ref> who ruled [[Kashmir]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tyFuAAAAMAAJ|title=A Hand Book on Azad Jammu & Kashmir|last=Ahmad|first=Pirzada Irshad|date=2003|publisher=Nawab Sons Publication|isbn=978-969-530-050-3|language=en}}</ref> Khan also constructed the [[Red Fort, Muzaffarabad|Red Fort]] that same year for the purpose of warding off incursions from the [[Mughal Empire]].

=== Sikh Empire ===

In 1827, [[Raja Zabardast Khan]], who had succeeded his father Hassan Ali Khan as the [[Raja]] of Muzaffarabad, led a [[guerrilla warfare|guerrilla campaign]] against the [[Sikh Empire]], targeting their garrisons in [[Handwara]], [[Baramulla]], and the [[Hazara region]]. His leadership and strategic strikes disrupted Sikh control in the area.<ref>{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Raja Sajjad Latif |title=Historical Documents on Jammu and Kashmir |publisher=Policy and Research Forum Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir |year=2020 |page=3 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354193418}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Griffin |first=Lepel Henry |title=The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Volume 330 |year=1890 |publisher=Government Printing, Punjab |page=106 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q0ABAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA160 }}</ref>

Gathering a sizable force, Zabardast Khan declared independence and planned an invasion of the [[Kashmir Valley]]. In response, [[Diwan Kirpa Ram]] led a large Khalsa army to suppress the rebellion. Between [[Baramulla]] and Muzaffarabad, across a span of nearly 77 miles, Zabardast Khan's forces—supported by the local Muslim population—launched persistent attacks on the advancing Sikh army, employing guerrilla tactics from caves, rocks, and forests. The Sikh forces suffered heavy casualties, and Diwan Kirpa Ram's army faced serious defeats and significant losses.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hussain |first=Nazakat |title=Archaeology of Kashmir 1586 AD – c. 1900 AD |year=2001 |publisher=Centre of Advanced Study, Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University |page=31 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144519867.pdf }}</ref>

=== Dogra era ===

On 28 May 1849 [[James Abbott (Indian Army officer)|James Abbott]], at the time boundary commissioner, wrote that "intelligence received from Cashmere that a [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jumboo]] Force of 4,000 men is about to march to Moozuffurabad, where there are already 3,000. This report may be a feint of the Maharaja to overcome the hill tribes, who, though quite peaceful at present, have been much opprest [sic] and are ready enough to rise when opportunity offers."<ref name="Abbott">JOURNALS AND DIARIES OF THE ASSISTANTS TO THE RESIDENT AT LAHORE – No 33—Diary of Captain James Abbott, Assistant Resident, on deputation to Huzara, for the 28th and 29th May 1848.{{source-attribution}}</ref>

Abbott also wrote that it is "highly desirable therefore that this report, which has greatly alarmed them and may drive them to desperation, be contradicted; and I have accordingly addrest the Maharaja disclaiming belief in such a rumour, and assuring him that any movement of troops in this direction at this moment will not have a friendly aspect. The assembly of any force upon the frontier were an encouragement to the insurgents in [[Siege of Multan (1848–1849)|Mooltan]] and to others who are disposed to join them."<ref name="Abbott" />

The following day on 29 May Abbott wrote: 
{{blockquote|I had not understood yesterday that another Jumboo force was said to be about to march from Cashmere upon Kurnao, a district between the Cashmere river and the Kishengunga. This Force is rated at 6,000. The mountaineers anxiously enquire of me whether they may not defend themselves from this invasion. I have declined putting any restraint upon their measures of self defence, assuring them, however, that any rising, excepting to resist invasion, would subject them to the displeasure of the British Government. If they can act in concert, they ought to be able to destroy this force, large as it is, their country being strong and the whole population bearing arms.{{pb}}If these military movements are really contemplated, they are highly objectionable at this season, and of a most suspicious character. The information is the best I can command, and agrees perfectly with the manifest apprehension of the Jumboo Moonshee in my camp. The Maharaja would plead his right to move his troops wheresoever he pleases within his own kingdom, but he is perfectly well aware of the sensation they will create in the Punjaub.<ref name="Abbott" />}}

=== Indo-Pakistani war of 1947 ===
{{main|Battle of Muzaffarabad}}
The Battle of Muzaffarabad occurred on 22 October 1947 between Pakistani-backed Pashtun tribesmen, pro-Pakistani Kashmiri rebels, and the [[Jammu and Kashmir Rifles|Jammu and Kashmir State Forces]] in the town of Muzaffarabad. The battle resulted in a rapid defeat of the Jammu and Kashmir State Forces, leading to the capture of Muzaffarabad by the tribesmen.

=== 2005 earthquake ===
{{main|2005 Kashmir earthquake}}

The city was near the [[epicenter]] of the [[2005 Kashmir earthquake]], which had a [[Moment magnitude scale|magnitude]] of 7.6 [[Seismic magnitude scales#Mw|M<sub>w</sub>]]. The earthquake destroyed about 50 percent of the buildings in the city (including most government buildings) and is estimated to have killed up to 80,000 people in the Pakistani-controlled areas. {{As of|2005|October|8}}, the [[Government of Pakistan|Pakistani government]]'s official death toll was 87,350, while other estimates have put the death toll at over 100,000.<ref>Stuart, Julia. (1 January 2006) [http://news.independent.co.uk/appeals/ios_appeal/article335931.ece IoS Appeal: Last chance to donate to quake victims] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116055702/http://news.independent.co.uk/appeals/ios_appeal/article335931.ece |date=16 January 2006 }}. News.independent.co.uk. Retrieved on 3 July 2012.</ref>

== Administrative subdivisions ==
[[File:Pakistan - Azad Kashmir - Muzaffarabad.svg|thumb|[[Muzaffarabad District]], highlighted red, shown within Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]

The district of Muzaffarabad is administratively divided into 2 [[tehsil]]s, which are subdivided into 25 [[Union councils of Pakistan|union councils]].<ref>[http://www.ajkpolice.gov.pk/sps.asp Information about SPs District Muzaffarabad] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106000607/http://www.ajkpolice.gov.pk/sps.asp |date=6 November 2007 }}</ref>

* Muzaffarabad
* Pattika (Naseerabad)

==Climate==
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Muzaffarabad (1961–2009)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 27.0
|Feb record high C = 29.4
|Mar record high C = 37.0
|Apr record high C = 40.5
|May record high C = 46.5
|Jun record high C = 46.2
|Jul record high C = 45.0
|Aug record high C = 40.2
|Sep record high C = 39.0
|Oct record high C = 38.3
|Nov record high C = 33.0
|Dec record high C = 27.0
|year record high C = 46.5
|Jan high C = 16.0
|Feb high C = 18.0
|Mar high C = 22.6
|Apr high C = 28.3
|May high C = 33.5
|Jun high C = 37.4
|Jul high C = 34.9
|Aug high C = 34.0
|Sep high C = 33.4
|Oct high C = 30.1
|Nov high C = 24.2
|Dec high C = 18.1
|year high C = 22.3
|Jan low C = 3.1
|Feb low C = 5.4
|Mar low C = 9.7
|Apr low C = 14.2
|May low C = 18.4
|Jun low C = 21.9
|Jul low C = 22.8
|Aug low C = 22.6
|Sep low C = 19.4
|Oct low C = 13.7
|Nov low C = 7.8
|Dec low C = 4.1
|year low C = 11.1
|Jan record low C = -3.0
|Feb record low C = -1.1
|Mar record low C = 1.0
|Apr record low C = 6.5
|May record low C = 7.0
|Jun record low C = 12.0
|Jul record low C = 15.5
|Aug record low C = 16.0
|Sep record low C = 12.4
|Oct record low C = 6.5
|Nov record low C = 1.0
|Dec record low C = -1.4
|year record low C = −3.0
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 101.3
|Feb rain mm = 137.4
|Mar rain mm = 157.3
|Apr rain mm = 109.0
|May rain mm = 78.5
|Jun rain mm = 113.6
|Jul rain mm = 328.7
|Aug rain mm = 229.9
|Sep rain mm = 112.6
|Oct rain mm = 45.9
|Nov rain mm = 37.2
|Dec rain mm = 69.0
|year rain mm = 1242.8
|time day = 12:00 [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]]
|Jan humidity = 50.3
|Feb humidity = 46.3
|Mar humidity = 40.9
|Apr humidity = 38.0
|May humidity = 33.2
|Jun humidity = 34.0
|Jul humidity = 52.2
|Aug humidity = 57.6
|Sep humidity = 48.1
|Oct humidity = 42.4
|Nov humidity = 48.4
|Dec humidity = 54.0
|year humidity = 37.2
|source 1 = Pakistan Meteorological Department<ref name=PMD>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Muzaffarabad_Climate_Data.txt 
|title=Muzaffarabad Climate Data |publisher=Pakistan Meteorological Department 
|access-date=1 October 2019 
|url-status=dead 
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613053328/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Muzaffarabad_Climate_Data.txt 
|archive-date=13 June 2010 }}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

== Transport ==
{{expand section|date=June 2020}}
Muzaffarabad's public transportation system primarily relies on buses, rickshaws, and small pickup trucks for intracity travel. Following the devastating [[2005 Kashmir earthquake|2005 earthquake]] that severely damaged infrastructure, including roads, the city government, with [[International response to the 2005 Kashmir earthquake|international aid]], rebuilt roads, bridges, and other essential infrastructure. However, public transportation remains underdeveloped. Notably, Muzaffarabad lacks a railway system and a functional airport. The nearest railway station is located in the [[Rawalpindi District]] of [[Punjab, Pakistan|Pakistani Punjab]].<ref>[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?hl=en&sll=34.341389,73.505836&sspn=0.071946,0.07994&ie=UTF8&ll=34.377446,73.649597&spn=0.329827,0.727158&z=11 Google Maps]. Maps.google.co.uk. Retrieved on 3 July 2012.</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Anam Najam]], medical doctor and psychiatrist
* [[Rashid Naseer]], Pakistani cricketer 
* [[Farooq Haider Khan]], Politician

==Gallery==
{{gallery
|align=center
|Image: Muzaffarabad city.jpg|Heightened view of the city on both riverbanks after the [[2005 Kashmir earthquake]], {{circa|2014}}
|Image: Narrol Cricket Stadium.jpg|Photo of [[Muzaffarabad Cricket Stadium]]
|Image: Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.jpg|Photo of the city's skyline, {{circa|2017}}|title=|Image: AJKMC Muzaffarabad.jpg|Azad Jammu Kashmir Medical College
|Image: Muzaffarabad City, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.jpg|Muzaffarabad City, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
}}

==See also==
* [[Awan Patti]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book| last = Rahman| first = Tariq| author-link = Tariq Rahman| title = Language and politics in Pakistan| date = 1996| publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 978-0-19-577692-8}}
* {{cite book|first=Christopher |last=Snedden |author-link=Christopher Snedden |title=Kashmir: The Unwritten History |publisher=HarperCollins India |year=2013 |isbn=978-9350298985 |orig-year=first published as ''The Untold Story of the People of Azad Kashmir'', 2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0cPjAAAAQBAJ}}

==External links==
* [https://www.ajk.gov.pk/ Government official Website]

{{Wikivoyage|Muzaffarabad}}
{{Commons category}}

{{Muzaffarabad District}}
{{Azad Kashmir topics}}
{{Tehsils of Azad Kashmir}}
{{PakistanCities}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Muzaffarabad}}
[[Category:Muzaffarabad| ]]
[[Category:Capitals of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Tehsils of Muzaffarabad District]]
[[Category:Hill stations in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Kabul Shahi]]
[[Category:Kashmir]]
[[Category:2005 Kashmir earthquake]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1646]]