View source for N-tv

{{Short description|German television news channel}}
{{for|"The N" TV block|The N (TV programming block)}}{{For|television channels with a similar name|NTV (disambiguation){{!}}NTV}}{{One source|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{lowercase title|title=n-tv}}
{{Infobox television channel
| name = n-tv
| logo = N-tv logo-september2017.svg
| logo_size = 180
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|1992|11|30|df=y}}
| picture_format = [[1080i]] [[HDTV]]<br />{{small|(downscaled to [[16:9]] [[576i]] for the [[SDTV]] feed)}}
| owner = [[RTL Group]]
| parent = [[RTL Deutschland]]
| sister_channels = [[RTL (German TV channel)|RTL]]<br />[[VOX (German TV channel)|VOX]]<br />[[Super RTL]]<br />[[RTL Zwei]]<br />[[Nitro (German TV channel)|Nitro]]<br />[[RTLup]]<br />VOXup<br />[[RTL Crime (Germany)|RTL Crime]]<br />[[RTL Living]]<br />[[RTL Passion]]<br />[[Geo Television (Germany)|GEO Television]]
| country = Germany
| language = German
| area = Germany<br/>Switzerland<br/>Austria
| headquarters = [[Cologne]], Germany
| website = {{url|n-tv.de}}
| terr_serv_1 = [[Digital terrestrial television]] (Germany)
| terr_chan_1 = Channel slots vary on each State
| online_serv_1 = n-tv.de
| online_chan_1 = [http://www.n-tv.de/mediathek/livestream/ Watch live]
}}

'''n-tv''' (styled '''ntv''') is a German [[free-to-air]] television news channel owned by [[RTL Deutschland]]. n-tv broadcasts news and weather every hour and half-hour in the morning. It also broadcasts magazine shows and documentaries.

== History ==
n-tv began as a business development project at Time Warner International which, under the leadership of then-chairman [[Steve Ross (businessman)|Steve Ross]], was looking for ways to grow its businesses internationally. Time Warner at the time was a major shareholder in [[Turner Broadcasting System]], parent company of [[CNN]] (both now part of [[Warner Bros. Discovery]]), and began looking for ways to get into the news channel business internationally. In 1991, under the direction of [[Tom McGrath (media executive)|Tom McGrath]], the then-president of Time-Warner International Broadcasting, the company developed a strategy for Austria, Germany, and the German-speaking areas of Switzerland.

One of McGrath's pet projects was a German-language 24-hour news channel. McGrath secured the last available transponder on the [[DFS Kopernikus|Kopernikus satellite]] and secured several terrestrial television licenses for transmission of what would become n-tv. McGrath then recruited several German companies including the Otto Group and [[Apax Partners]] as partners, and recruited Karl Kuhlo, an experienced German broadcaster, as the CEO.

The station started broadcasting on 30 November 1992, headquartered in Berlin. In doing so, it became the first German-language news channel. In 1994, CNN bought 27.5% of the company, and later increased its share to 50%.

In 2004, the station's headquarters were moved to Cologne, where other RTL stations are based.

RTL Group took full control of n-tv in 2006, having acquired half the company in 2002.

In September 2010, n-tv moved to the ''Rheinhallen'' media center in Cologne-[[Deutz, Cologne|Deutz]], where all of [[RTL Group|RTL's]] TV operations in Germany are based.

n-tv gained a new visual identity, a new logo and graphics package from 1 September 2017. Another sister channel, [[RTL (German TV channel)|RTL]] was also rebranded.

==Logos==
<gallery>
N-tv Logo 1997.svg|1992 – July 2003
N-tv Der Nachrichtensender Logo.svg|2003 – November 2008
N-tv.png|2003 – 2008
N-tv Logo 2008.svg| – 31 December 2010 ("off-air" logo)
N-tv Logo 2011.svg| 20 February 2011 – 31 August 2017
N-tv HD Logo 2013.svg|20 September 2013 – 31 August 2017
N-tv logo-september2017.svg|1 September 2017 – present
N-tv-HD-September.svg|1 September 2017 – present
</gallery>

== Programming ==
n-tv broadcasts news, business and talk shows. The channel broadcasts news from Monday to Friday on the hour. In the morning every half-hour (between 7 and 9 o'clock every 15 minutes). At weekends, the channel broadcasts news every hour. After 8 pm, n-tv broadcasts 15 minute news bulletins, focused on business news.

The channel also broadcasts documentaries and magazine shows focused on sport and lifestyle.  A ticker at the bottom of the screen shows news, business and sports headlines as well as weather and stock market information.

== Wall Street coverage ==
Several correspondents report live from the floor of the [[New York Stock Exchange]], the [[NASDAQ]] and the [[New York Mercantile Exchange]], including Jens Korte, [[Lars Halter]], and Markus Koch.

== Former staff ==
{|
|- valign ="top"
| width="300" |
* Christoph Keese
|}

==Audience share==
===Germany===
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:auto; background:#ffffff;"
! style="background:#FFFFFF; color:#FFFFFF;" width="35px"|
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|January
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|February
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|March
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|April
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|May
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|June
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|July
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|August
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|September
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|October
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|November
! style="background:#E7E0DE; color:#FFFFFF;" width="60px"|December
! style="background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF;" width="75px"|Annual average
|-align="center"
|'''1994<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1994|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Jaehrliche%20Zuschaueranteile%20seit%201990.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208080954/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Jaehrliche%20Zuschaueranteile%20seit%201990.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref>'''|| – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – ||0.3%
|-align="center"
|'''1995<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1995|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Jaehrliche%20Zuschaueranteile%20seit%201990.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208080954/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Jaehrliche%20Zuschaueranteile%20seit%201990.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref>'''|| – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – || – ||0.3%
|-align="center"
|'''1996<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1996|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1996.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-date=17 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517072252/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1996.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.3% ||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.3%
|-align="center"
|'''1997<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1997|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1997.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208081154/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1997.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.4% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.4% ||0.5% ||{{increase}} 0.5%
|-align="center"
|'''1998<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1998|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1998.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071902/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1998.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.4% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||{{increase}} 0.6%
|-align="center"
|'''1999<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 1999|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1999.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208080307/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_1999.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.9% ||1.1% ||0.7% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.7% ||{{increase}} 0.7%
|-align="center"
|'''2000<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2000|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2000.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208062528/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2000.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.7% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.8% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.7% ||0.5% ||0.7%
|-align="center"
|'''2001<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2001|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2001.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208052416/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2001.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||1.2% ||1.0% ||0.8% ||0.6% ||0.7% 
|-align="center"
|'''2002<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2002|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2002.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208075915/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2002.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.7% ||0.9% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||{{decrease}} 0.6%
|-align="center"
|'''2003<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2003|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2003.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811223609/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2003.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2017}}</ref>'''||0.5% ||0.6% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.5% ||0.6% ||0.6%
|-align="center"
|'''2004<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2004|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2004.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811223445/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2004.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2017}}</ref>'''|||0.6% |||0.5% |||0.5% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.5% |||0.6% |||0.5% |||0.5% |||0.4% |||0.5% |||0.7% ||{{decrease}} 0.5%
|-align="center"
|'''2005<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2005|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2005.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208075524/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2005.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''|||0.7% |||0.5% |||0.5% |||0.8% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.7% |||0.7% |||0.8% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.5% ||{{increase}} 0.6% 
|-align="center"
|'''2006<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2006|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2006.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208053549/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2006.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''|||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.7% |||0.5% |||0.7% |||0.7% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.6% |||0.7% ||0.6%
|-align="center"
|'''2007<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2007|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2007.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208063320/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2007.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.7% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.6% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.7% ||0.8% ||0.7%
|-align="center"
|'''2008<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2008|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2008.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208051855/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2008.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.8% ||0.7% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||{{increase}} 0.8%
|-align="center"
|'''2009<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2009|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2009.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064703/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2009.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||{{increase}} 0.9%
|-align="center"
|'''2010<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2010|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2010.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208045246/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.8% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.8% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.8% ||0.9% ||0.9%
|-align="center"
|'''2011<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2011|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2011.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208055949/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2011.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||0.9% ||1.0% ||1.6% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||{{increase}} 1.0%
|-align="center"
|'''2012<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2012|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2012.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811223815/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2012.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2017}}</ref>'''||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||1.1% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||{{decrease}} 0.9%
|-align="center"
|'''2013<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2013|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2013_.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085629/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile_2013_.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>'''||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||1.0% ||0.9%
|-align="center"
|'''2014<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2014|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile2014.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207091745/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile2014.pdf|archive-date=7 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||1.0% ||0.9% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||0.8% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||0.9% ||{{increase}} 1.0%
|-align="center"
|'''2015<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2015|url=http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile2015.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=28 June 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517075134/http://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/Download_KEK/Zuschaueranteile/Zuschaueranteile2015.pdf|archive-date=17 May 2017}}</ref>'''||1.0% ||0.9% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.2% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.2% ||1.0% ||1.0%
|-align="center"
|'''2016<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2016|url=https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Mediennutzung/Fernsehnutzung/Zuschaueranteile_2016.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=17 February 2018|archive-date=16 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216204920/https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Mediennutzung/Fernsehnutzung/Zuschaueranteile_2016.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||1.1% ||1.0% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.4% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.2% ||{{increase}} 1.1%
|-align="center"
|'''2017<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2017|url=https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Zuschaueranteil/Zuschaueranteile_2017.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=17 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117174603/https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Zuschaueranteil/Zuschaueranteile_2017.pdf|archive-date=17 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||1.2% ||1.1% ||1.2% ||1.2% ||1.2% ||1.3% ||1.3% ||1.2% ||1.1% ||1.1% ||1.0% ||1.0% ||1.1%
|-align="center"
|'''2018<ref>{{cite web|title=KEK/Zuschaueranteile 2018|url=https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Zuschaueranteil/Zuschaueranteile_2018.pdf|website=kek-online.de|access-date=17 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216204815/https://www.kek-online.de/fileadmin/user_upload/KEK/Medienkonzentration/Zuschaueranteil/Zuschaueranteile_2018.pdf|archive-date=16 February 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''||1.0% || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite web | title=Rede: Jubiläumsfeier zu 30 Jahren Nachrichtensender ntv | website=[[Der Bundespräsident]] | date=22 November 2022 | url=https://www.bundespraesident.de/SharedDocs/Reden/DE/Frank-Walter-Steinmeier/Reden/2022/11/221123-Jubilaeum-30-Jahre-ntv.html | language=de | ref={{sfnref | Der Bundespräsident | 2022}} | access-date=1 December 2022}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|N-tv}}
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|de}}

{{Television in Germany}}
{{RTL Group}}
{{Bertelsmann}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Television stations in Austria]]
[[Category:Television stations in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1992]]
[[Category:1992 establishments in Germany]]
[[Category:24-hour television news channels in Germany]]
[[Category:Mass media in Cologne]]
[[Category:RTL Group]]