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{{Short description|Albanian poet, writer and activist (1846–1900)}}
{{About|the writer|the actor|Naim Frashëri (actor)}}{{For|the publishing house|Naim Frashëri Publishing House}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox writer
| name             = Naim Frashëri
| image            = Naim Frashëri.jpg
| image_size       = 
| alt              = Portrait of Naim Frashëri
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|df=y|1846|5|25}}
| birth_place      = [[Frashër]], [[Yanina Vilayet]], [[Ottoman Empire]] (modern [[Albania]])
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|df=y|1900|10|20|1846|5|25}}
| death_place      = [[Kadıköy]], [[Constantinople]], Ottoman Empire (modern Istanbul, [[Turkey]])
| occupation       = {{Cslist|Educator|historian|journalist|poet|politician|translator|writer}}
| language         = {{hlist|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]|[[Greek language|Greek]]|[[Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]]|[[Persian language|Persian]]}}
| alma_mater       = [[Zosimaia School]]
| genre            = [[Romanticism]]
| movement         = [[Albanian Renaissance]]
| relations        = 
| signature        = Naim Frashëri (nënshkrim).svg
| signature_alt    = Signature of Naim Frashëri
| signature_size   = 135px
| relatives        = {{plainlist|
* [[Abdyl Frashëri]] (brother)
* [[Sami Frashëri]] (brother)
* [[Mid'hat Frashëri]] (nephew)
* [[Ali Sami Yen]] (nephew)
}}
}}

'''Naim bey Frashëri''',<ref name="RElsie">{{Cite book|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History|last=Elsie|first=Robert|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2013|isbn=978-1-78076-431-3|pages=152|chapter=FRASHËRI, NAIM Bey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&q=Naim+bey+Frashëri }}</ref><ref name="TrencsenyiKopecek">{{Cite book|title=National Romanticism: The Formation of National Movements: Discourses of Collective Identity in Central and Southeast Europe 1770–1945|editor=Balazs Trencsenyi|editor2=Michal Kopecek|publisher=Central European University Press|year=2006|isbn=9789637326608|pages=297|chapter=Sami Frashëri: Albania, what it was, what it is, and what it will be?|volume=2|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dup4BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA297 }}</ref> more commonly '''Naim Frashëri''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|aɪ|m|_|f|r|ɑː|ʃ|ə|r|ɪ}}; {{IPA|sq|naˈim fɾaˈʃəˈɾi|pron}}; 25 May 1846{{snds}}20 October 1900), was an Albanian historian, journalist, poet, translator, and one of the most prominent figures of the [[Albanian National Awakening]]. Regarded as a pioneer of modern [[Albanian literature]] and one of the most influential [[Albanian culture|Albanian cultural]] icons of the 19th century, he was proclaimed as the [[national poet]] of Albania.<ref>{{Cite book|title=History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries|last=Elsie|first=Robert|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing|year=2004|isbn=9789027234537|pages=291|chapter=The Hybrid Soil of the Balkans: A Topography of Albanian Literature|volume=2|author-link=Robert Elsie|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5pAwqsSyTlsC&pg=PA291}}</ref>

Frashëri's works explored themes such as [[freedom]], humanity, unity, [[Toleration|tolerance]] and revolution. His twenty-two works consist of fifteen works written in [[Albanian language|Albanian]] as well as four in Turkish, two in Greek and one in Persian. He is considered to be the most representative writer of [[Sufi poetry]] in Albanian, and having been under the influence of his uncle [[Dalip Frashëri]], he reflected a mingling of [[Sufism]] with [[Western philosophy]] in his poetical ideals.<ref name=":Osmani">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iemed.org/observatori/arees-danalisi/arxius-adjunts/qm-17-originals/qm17_Osmani.pdf|title=God in the Eagles' Country: The Bektashi Order|last=Osmani|first=Edlira|website=iemed.org|publisher=Quaderns de la Mediterrània 17, 2012|pages=113|access-date=29 October 2019|archive-date=23 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123155115/http://www.iemed.org/observatori/arees-danalisi/arxius-adjunts/qm-17-originals/qm17_Osmani.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Norris">{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RGmzir-ITtUC&q=dalip+frasheri&pg=PA180|author=H.T.Norris|pages=76|title=Islam in the Balkans: Religion and Society Between Europe and the Arab World|location=Columbia, S.C|publisher=University of South Carolina Press|year=1993|isbn=978-0-87249-977-5|oclc=28067651}}</ref> He had an extraordinarily profound impact on Albanian literature and society during the 20th century, most notably on [[Asdreni]], [[Gjergj Fishta]] and [[Lasgush Poradeci]], among many others.<ref name="Asdreni">{{cite book |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=Albanian Literature: A Short History |date=29 July 2005 |publisher=I.B.Tauris, 2005 |isbn=978-1-84511-031-4 |pages=100–103 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Lasgush Poradeci">{{cite book |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=Historical Dictionary of Albania |year=2010 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield, 2010 |isbn=978-0-8108-6188-6 |pages=362–363 |language=en}}</ref>

''[[Ti Shqipëri, më jep nder, më jep emrin Shqipëtar]]'' ("You Albania, you give me honour, you give me the name Albanian"), a memorable line in his poem ''O malet e Shqipërisë'', has been designated as the [[national motto]] of Albania. It speaks to unity and freedom and it embodies in its words a sense of pride towards the country and people.

== Life ==

=== Family ===
[[File:Banesa e Vëllazërisë Frashëri 03.jpg|300px|thumb|The family house of Naim Frashëri in [[Frashër]].]]
Naim Frashëri was born on 25 May 1846<ref>{{Cite book |last=Elsie |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6inIiCF_930C |title=Historical Dictionary of Albania |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-8108-6188-6 |language=en}}</ref> into a wealthy [[Albanians|Albanian]] family of religious belief affiliated with the [[Bektashi Order|Bektashi]] [[tariqa]] of Islam, in the village of [[Frashër]] in what was then part of the [[Ottoman Empire]] and now [[Albania]]. He, [[Abdyl Frashëri|Abdyl]] and [[Sami Frashëri|Sami]] were one of eight children of Halid Frashëri (1797–1859), a landowner and military commander and Emine (1814–1861).<ref name="Gawrych13"/> Halid belonged to the Dakollari branch of the Frashëri family. They were descendants of Ajaz Bey from [[Gramsh, Elbasan|Gramsh]] who in 1650–60 was given the command of Frashër. Ajaz Bey's grandfather, Hamza Bey had lost his lands in [[Tomorrica]] in 1570 when he rebelled and was exiled but the family's fortunes changed with the rise of [[Köprülü Mehmed Pasha]] who intervened on their behalf and they were pardoned.{{sfn|Frashëri|Frashëri|2014|p=385}} Emine came from the family of [[Iljaz Bej Mirahori]] from the region around [[Korçë County|Korçë]] that traced its [[ancestry]] back to the 15th century.<ref name="Elsie2005-70">{{cite book |author=Elsie, Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ox3Wx1Nl_2MC&pg=PA70 |title=Albanian Literature: A Short History |publisher=I.B.Tauris |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-84511-031-4 |pages=67–70}}</ref>

Naim and his brothers [[Abdyl Frashëri|Abdyl]] and [[Sami Frashëri|Sami]] were born and raised in the village of [[Frashër]] at the southern slopes of the [[Tomorr Mountain]]s. He became acquainted with numerous cultures and languages such as [[Arabic]], [[Ancient Greek|Ancient]] and [[Modern Greek]], French, Italian, [[Ottoman Turkish]] and [[Persian language|Persian]].<ref name="Languages">{{cite web |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=Die Drei Frashëri-Brüder |url=http://www.elsie.de/pdf/articles/A2001DreiFrash.pdf |website=elsie.de |pages=23 |language=de |quote=Hier lernte er Alt- und Neugriechisch, Französisch und Italienisch. Sein besonderes Interesse galt dem Bektaschitum, den Dichtern der persischen Klassik und dem Zeitalter der französischen Aufklärung. Mit dieser Erziehung verkörperte er den osmanischen Intellektuellen, der in beiden Kulturen, der morgenländischen und der abendländischen, gleichermaßen zu Hause war.}}</ref> He was one of the few men to whom the literary culture of the [[Occident]] and [[Orient]] was equally familiar and valuable.<ref name="Elsie2005-70" />

Upon the death of his father, he and his family settled to [[Ioannina]] where he earned initial inspiration for his future poetries written in the [[Lyric poetry|lyric]] and [[Romanticism|romantic]] style. After he suffered a severe lung infection, due to his congenital [[tuberculosis]], in [[Istanbul|Constantinople]], he joined his brother Abdyl in the fight for national freedom and consciousness of the Albanian people during the [[Albanian Renaissance]] in which he later became the most distinguished representative of that period.<ref name="Elsie2005-70" />

=== Education ===

His religion paved the way for many of his future accomplishments.

In the [[Tekke of Frashër]], he received lessons in all the common subjects of his time especially in [[language]]s such as [[Arabic]], [[Ottoman Turkish]] and [[Persian language|Persian]]. As a member of a family which gave him a strong [[Bektashi]] upbringing, he spent a part of his time in a Bektashi tekke. After the death of their parents, the family moved to [[Ioannina]] in 1865. The eldest brother, Abdyl (b. 1839), became the family head at the age of 22 and started working as a merchant. That year Naim and Sami enrolled in the [[Zosimaia School|Zosimaia secondary school]].<ref name="Gawrych1326">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|pp=13, 26.}}</ref> The education there provided Naim with the basics of a classical education along Western lines.<ref name="Gawrych13">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&pg=PA13 13].}}</ref> Apart from languages he learned in the Zosiamaia (Ancient and Modern Greek, French and Italian), Naim took private lessons in Persian, Turkish and Arabic from two important local Bektashi.<ref name="Qosja2000">{{cite book|author=Qosja, Rexhep |title=Porosia e madhe: monografi mbi krijimtarinë e Naim Frashërit [The Great Instruction]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qM47MwAACAAJ|year=2000|pages=34–42|publisher=Botime Toena |isbn=9789992713372}}</ref>

After he finished his studies in 1870, Frashëri worked for a few months at the press office in Istanbul (1870) but was forced to return to his home village because of tuberculosis. The climate of Frashër helped Naim and soon he started work in the Ottoman bureaucracy as a clerk in Berat and later in Saranda (1872–1877).<ref name="Shuteriqi1971">{{cite book|author=Dhimitër S. Shuteriqi|title=Historia e letërsisë shqipe (History of Albanian Literature)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rfM9AQAAIAAJ|year=1971}}</ref><ref name="Gawrych14">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=14.}}</ref> However, in 1876 Frashëri left the job and went to [[Baden]], in modern [[Austria]] to cure his problems with rheumatism in a health resort.<ref name="Elsie2005-70"/><ref name="Qosja2000"/>

===Politics===
In 1879, along with his brother Sami and 25 other Albanians, Naim Frashëri founded and was a member of the [[Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings]] in Istanbul that promoted Albanian language publications.<ref name="Skendi119">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=119.}}</ref><ref name="Gawrych59">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=59.}}</ref> Ottoman authorities forbid writing in Albanian in 1885 which resulted in publications being published abroad and Frashëri used his initials '''N.H.F.''' to bypass those restrictions for his works. Later on, Albanian schools were established in 1887 in Southeastern Albania.<ref name="Skendi128">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=128.}}</ref>

An Albanian magazine, ''[[Drita (magazine)|Drita]]'', appeared in 1884 under the editorship of [[Petro Poga]] and later [[Pandeli Sotiri]] with Naim Frashëri being a behind-the-scenes editor as it was not allowed by Ottoman authorities to write in Albanian at that time.<ref name="Skendi146"/><ref name="Gawrych88"/> Naim Frashëri and other Albanian writers like his brother Sami Frashëri would write using pseudonyms in Poga's publication.<ref name="Skendi146">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=146.}}</ref><ref name="Gawrych88"/> Due to a lack of education material Naim Frashëri, his brother Sami and several other Albanians wrote textbooks in the Albanian language during the late 1880s for the [[Mësonjëtorja|Albanian school in Korçë]].<ref name="Gawrych88">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=88.}}</ref> In a letter to [[Faik Konitza]] in 1887, Frashëri expressed sentiments regarding the precarious state of the Ottoman Empire that the best outcome for Albanians was a future annexation of all of Albania by [[Austria-Hungary]].<ref name="Skendi268">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=268.}}</ref>

In 1900 Naim Frashëri died in Istanbul. During the 1950s the Turkish government allowed for his remains to be sent and reburied in Albania.<ref name="Gawrych200">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=200.}}</ref>

== Career ==

=== Works ===

{{Quote box|align=right|quote=<poem>
"Oh mountains of Albania 
and you, oh trees so lofty,
Broad plains with all your flowers, 
day and night I contemplate you,
You highlands so exquisite, 
and you streams and rivers sparkling,
Oh peaks and promontories, 
and you slopes, cliffs, verdant forests,
Of the herds and flocks 
I'll sing out which you hold 
and which you nourish.
Oh you blessed, sacred places, 
you inspire and delight me!
[[Ti Shqipëri, më jep nder, më jep emrin Shqipëtar|You, Albania, give me honor, 
and you name me as Albanian]],
And my heart you have replenished 
both with ardour and desire.
Albania! Oh my mother! 
Though in exile I am longing,
My heart has ne'er forgotten 
all the love you've given to me ..."
</poem>
|source=—''Oh mountains of Albania''<br>from Bagëti e Bujqësi{{Small|<ref>{{cite book |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=Albanian Literature: A Short History |date=29 July 2005 |publisher=I.B.Tauris, 2005 |isbn=9781845110314 |page=72 |language=en}}</ref>}} 
}}

With its literary stature and the broad range of both stylistic and thematic content, Frashëri significantly contributed to the development of the modern [[Albanian language|Albanian]] [[literary language]]. The importance of his works lies less in his creative expression than in the [[social]] and [[political]] intention of his poetry and faith. His works were noted by the desire for the emergence of an [[independent Albania]]n unity that overcomes denominational and territorial differences, and by an optimistic belief in civilization and the political, [[economic]] and [[cultural]] rise of the [[Albanian people]].
 
In his poem ''Bagëti e Bujqësi'', Frashëri idyllically describes the natural and cultural beauty of Albania and the modest life of its people where nothing infringes on mystical euphoria and all conflicts find reconciliation and fascination.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Arshi Pipa |title=Letërsia Shqipe: Perspektiva Shoqërore Volume 3 of Trilogjia Albanika |year=2013 |isbn=9789928409096 |pages=97–100 |publisher=Princi |language=sq}}</ref>
 
Frashëri saw his liberal [[religion]] as a profound source for Albanian libration, tolerance and national awareness among his religiously divided people.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Albert DOJA |title=The politics of religious dualism: Naim Frashëri and his elective affinity to religion in the course of 19th-century Albanian activism |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c847/5c8a0efd02875b69a3b1d672397397297e17.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020184802/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c847/5c8a0efd02875b69a3b1d672397397297e17.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 October 2019 |journal=Social Compass |year=2013 |volume=60 |page=3 |doi=10.1177/0037768612471770 |s2cid=15564654 |language=en}}</ref> He, therefore, composed his [[theological]] ''Fletore e Bektashinjet'' which is now a piece of national importance.<ref name="Fletore e Bektashinjet">{{cite book |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=The Albanian Bektashi: History and Culture of a Dervish Order in the Balkans |date=25 July 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing, 2019 |isbn=9781788315715 |pages=30–36 |language=en}}</ref> It contains an introductory profession of his faith and ten spiritual poems granting a contemporary perspective into the beliefs of the [[sect]].<ref name="Fletore e Bektashinjet"/>
 
#Kavâid-i farisiyye dar tarz-i nevîn (''Grammar of the Persian language according to the new method''), Istanbul, 1871.
#Ihtiraat ve kessfiyyat (''Inventions and Discoveries''), Istanbul, 1881.
#Fusuli erbea (''Four Seasons''), Istanbul, 1884.
#Tahayyülat (''Dreams''), Istanbul, 1884.
#Bagëti e Bujqësi (''Herds and Crops''), Bucharest, 1886.
#E këndimit çunavet (''Reader for Boys''), Bucharest, 1886.
#Istori e përgjithshme për mësonjëtoret të para (''General history for the first grades''), Bucharest, 1886.
#Vjersha për mësonjëtoret të para (''Poetry for the first grades''), Bucharest, 1886.
#Dituritë për mësonjëtoret të para (General knowledge for the first grades), Bucharest, 1886.
#O alithis pothos ton Skypetaron (''The True Desire of Albanians'', {{langx|el|Ο αληθής πόθος των Σκιπετάρων}}), Bucharest, 1886.
#Luletë e Verësë (''Flowers of the Summer''), Bucharest, 1890.
#Mësime (''Lessons''), Bucharest, 1894.
#Parajsa dhe fjala fluturake (''Paradise and the Flying Word''), Bucharest, 1894.
#Gjithësia (''Omneity''), Bucharest, 1895.
#Fletore e bektashinjët (''The Bektashi Notebook''), Bucharest, 1895.
#O eros (''Love'', {{langx|el|Ο Έρως}}), Istanbul, 1895.
#Iliadh' e Omirit, (''Homer's Iliad''), Bucharest, 1896.
#Histori e Skënderbeut (''History of Skanderbeg''), Bucharest, 1898.
#Qerbelaja (''Qerbela''), Bucharest, 1898.
#Istori e Shqipërisë (''History of Albania''), Sofia, 1899.
#Shqipëria (''Albania''), Sofia, 1902.
{{Clear}}

=== Legacy ===

[[File:Nail Frashëri statue.jpg|right|upright|thumb|A [[King Michael I Park|bust]] of Naim Frashëri in [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]].]]

The prime representative of [[Romanticism]] in [[Albanian literature]], Frashëri is considered by many to be the most distinguished [[Albanian poets|Albanian poet]] of the [[Albanian Renaissance]] whose [[poetry]] continued to have a tremendous influence on the literature and society of the [[Albanian people]] in the 20th century.<ref>{{Citation|last=Elsie|first=Robert|title=Albanian literature: a short history |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ox3Wx1Nl_2MC&pg=PA100|access-date=18 January 2011|year=2005|publisher=I.B. Tauris in association with the Centre for Albanian Studies|location=London, UK|isbn=1-84511-031-5|page=100|chapter=Writing in the independence period |quote=major source of inspiration and guiding lights for most Albanian poets and intellectuals}}</ref><ref name="Skendi123124"/> He is also widely regarded as the [[national poet]] of [[Albania]] and is celebrated as such among the Albanian people in [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[North Macedonia]] and other Albanian-inhabited lands in the [[Balkans]].

After his death, Frashëri became a great source of inspiration and a guiding light for the Albanian writers and intellectuals of the 20th century amongst them [[Asdreni]], [[Gjergj Fishta]], [[Mitrush Kuteli]] and [[Lasgush Poradeci]].<ref name="Asdreni"/><ref name="Lasgush Poradeci"/> His great work such as ''Bagëti e Bujqësi'', ''Gjuha Jonë'' and ''Feja'' promoted national unity, consciousness, and tolerance in the breasts of his countrymen an enthusiasm for the culture and history of their ancestors.

Albanians of the [[Bektashi Order|Bektashi]] faith were in particular influenced and motivated by his work.<ref name="Skendi166">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=166.}}</ref> Himself a Bektashi, he desired purity of the [[Albanian language]] and had attempted in his lifetime to Albanianise hierarchical terms of the order in his work ''Fletore e Bektashinjët'' which called for an Albanian Bektashism.<ref name="Skendi339">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|pp=123, 339.}}</ref> His poem ''Bagëti e Bujqësi'' celebrated the natural beauty of Albania and the simple life of Albanian people while expressing gratitude that Albania had bestowed upon him "the name Albanian".<ref name="Skendi123124"/> In ''Istori' e Skënderbeut'', he celebrated his love for Albania by referring to the medieval battles between the Albanians and [[Ottoman Turks|Ottomans]] while highlighting [[Skanderbeg|Skenderbeg]]'s Albanian origins and his [[Skanderbeg#History|successful]] fight for liberation.<ref name="Gawrych90">{{cite book|last=Gawrych|first=George|title=The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913|year=2006|location=London|publisher=IB Tauris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&q=Naim|isbn=9781845112875|pages=90}}</ref><ref name="Skendi123124"/> In ''Gjuha Jonë'', he called for fellow Albanians to honour their nation and write in Albanian while in another poem ''Feja'', he pleaded with Albanians not make religious distinctions among themselves as they all were of one [[Origin of the Albanians|origin]] that speak Albanian.<ref name="Skendi123124">{{cite book|last=Skendi|first=Stavro|title=The Albanian national awakening|year=1967|location=Princeton|publisher=Princeton University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QPWCgAAQBAJ&q=Naim+Frash%C3%ABri&pg=PR15|isbn=9781400847761|pages=123–124}}</ref>

Numerous organizations, [[monument]]s, schools, and streets had been founded and dedicated to his memory throughout Albania, Kosovo as well as to a lesser extent in North Macedonia and [[Romania]]. His family's house, where he was born and raised, in Frashër of [[Gjirokastër County]] is today a museum and was declared a monument of important cultural heritage.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (Albania)|Instituti i Monumenteve të Kulturës]] |title=RRETHI I PËRMETIT |url=http://www.imk.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/monumente/lista%20e%20monumentewve/PeRMET.pdf |website=imk.gov.al |page=2 |language=sq}}</ref> It houses numerous artefacts including handwritten manuscripts, portraits, clothing and the busts of him and his brothers [[Abdyl Frashëri|Abdyl]] and [[Sami Frashëri|Sami]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (Albania)|Ministry of Culture of Albania]] |title=DREJTORIA E PËRGJITHSHME EKONOMIKE DHE SHËRBIMEVE MBËSHTETËSE DREJTORIA E BUXHETIT DHE MENAXHIMIT FINANCIAR—RAPORTET E MONITORIMIT 12–MUJORI VITI 2018 |url=https://kultura.gov.al/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Relacion-mbi-monitorimin-12-mujori-2018.pdf |website=kultura.gov.al |pages=17–18 |language=sq}}</ref>

Frashëri's portrait is depicted on the [[Obverse and reverse|obverse]]s of the 500 [[Albanian lek|lek]] [[banknote]] from 1992 to 1996 and since 1996 on the 200 lekë banknote.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Bank of Albania |title=Currency: Banknotes in circulation |url=http://www.bankofalbania.org/web/Albanian_banknotes_issue_from_Bank_of_Albania_202_2.php |website=bankofalbania.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226154906/http://www.bankofalbania.org/web/Albanian_banknotes_issue_from_Bank_of_Albania_202_2.php |archive-date=26 February 2009 |location=Tirana |language=en |date=26 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=Bank of Albania |title=200 Lek |url=https://www.bankofalbania.org/Currency/Banknotes_in_circulation/200_lek/ |website=bankofalbania.org |location=Tirana |language=en}}</ref> On the reverse side of the bill is a picture of his family house in Frashër. The Albanian nation has established an [[Order (decoration)|order of merit]] that bears his name which was awarded to, amongst others, the Albanian nun and missionary [[Mother Teresa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.qpz.gov.al/doc.jsp?doc=docs/Ligj%20Nr%206133%20Dat%C3%AB%2012-02-1980.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928045918/http://www.qpz.gov.al/doc.jsp?doc=docs%2FLigj%20Nr%206133%20Dat%C3%AB%2012-02-1980.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 September 2007|title=Ligj Nr.6133, datë 12.2.1980 Për titujt e nderit dhe dekoratat e Republikës Popullore Socialiste të Shqipërisë|last=Parliament of Albania|publisher=Parliament of Albania|language=sq|access-date=14 August 2010}}</ref> 
{{Clear}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:ALB0036ar.jpg|Frashëri (up right) on the reverse of a 1964 10 Lekë banknote
File:ALB0057ao.jpg|Frashëri on the obverse of a 1994 500 Lekë banknote
File:ALB0071-2012o.jpg|Frashëri on the obverse of a 2012 200 Lekë banknote
File:Albania-200.jpg|Frashëri on the obverse of 2017 200 Lekë [[polymer]] banknote
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[List of Albanian writers]]
* [[Albanian Renaissance]]
* [[League of Prizren]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Sources ==
* {{cite book |last1=Frashëri |first1=Alfred |last2=Frashëri |first2=Neki |title=Frashëri në historinë e Shqipërisë |date=2014 |publisher=Dudaj |isbn=978-99943-0-051-8}}

{{Albanian Literature}}
{{Rilindas}}
{{Romanticism}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Subject bar
|book           =  
|portal         = 
|commons        = y
|wikt           = y
|wikt-search    = Frashëri
|b              = y
|b-search       = Naim Frashëri's Works
|q              = y
|s              = y
|s-search       = Author:Naim Frashëri
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Frasheri, Naim}}
[[Category:1846 births]]
[[Category:1900 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian poets]]
[[Category:Albanian Sufis]]
[[Category:Activists of the Albanian National Awakening]]
[[Category:Muslim poets]]
[[Category:Politicians from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Romantic poets]]
[[Category:Zosimaia School alumni]]
[[Category:People from Gjirokastër County]]
[[Category:Bektashi Order]]
[[Category:Sufi poets]]
[[Category:19th-century civil servants from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Albanian people from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Albanian-language poets]]
[[Category:Albanian male poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian historians]]
[[Category:Modern Greek-language writers]]
[[Category:Turkish-language writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian translators]]
[[Category:French–Albanian translators]]
[[Category:Persian–Albanian translators]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian male writers]]
[[Category:Dulellari family|Naim]]
[[Category:Frashëri family|Naim]]
[[Category:Arabic-language Albanian poets]]
[[Category:Arabic-language poets from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:Translators of the Quran into Albanian]]
[[Category:Persian-language writers]]