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{{Short description|Intelligence agency of the Turkish government}}
{{about|the Turkish organisation|other uses|National Intelligence Organization (Papua New Guinea)|and|List of intelligence agencies}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Primary sources|date=July 2022}}
{{Unreliable sources|date=July 2022}}
}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name     = National Intelligence Organization
| nativename      = {{lang|tr|Milli İstihbarat Teşkilatı}}
| nativename_a    = 
| nativename_r    = 
| logo            = Seal of the Turkish National Intelligence.png
| logo_width      = 150px
| logo_caption    = Official agency emblem
| seal            = 
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| image           = 
| image_size      = 
| image_caption   = 
| seal_caption    = 
| formed          = {{Start date and age|1965|7|22|df=y}}
| preceding1      = [[National Security Service (Turkey)|National Security Service]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mit.gov.tr/eng/tarihce.html |title=''History of the MİT'', MİT official Web site |publisher=mit.gov.tr |access-date=2014-03-30}}</ref>
| preceding2      = 
| dissolved       = 
| superseding     = 
| jurisdiction    = [[Government of Turkey]]
| headquarters    = {{nowrap|KALE, [[Etimesgut, Ankara]]}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/pg/foto-galeri/mitin-yeni-binasi-kale-hizmete-aciliyor/0|title=''MİT'in yeni binası 'KALE' hizmete açılıyor,''Anadolu Agency|publisher=aa.com.tr |access-date=2020-01-29}}</ref>
| motto           = For the homeland, anytime, anywhere.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mit.gov.tr/|title=MİT |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref>   
| employees       = 8,000 (<small>2014</small>)<ref name=commission_report_2014>{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-govt-takes-a-step-back-on-intel-bill-upon-harsh-criticism-62813|access-date=2014-02-23 |title=MTurkish gov't takes a step back on intel bill upon harsh criticism |date=2014-02-23|quote=According to the information disclosed at the Commission, around 8,000 staff members are working for the organization,}}</ref>
| budget          = {{increase}} [[Turkish lira|₺]]17.4 billion (<small>2024</small>)<ref>{{cite web|title=2023 Yılı Merkezi Yönetim Bütçe Kanunu Teklifi|date=17 October 2022 |url=https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/2023-Yili-Merkezi-Yonetim-Butce-Kanunu-Teklifi-ve-Bagli-Cetveller.pdf|publisher=T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı}}</ref>
| minister1_name  = 
| minister1_pfo   = 
| minister2_name  = 
| minister2_pfo   = 
| chief1_name     = [[İbrahim Kalın]]
| chief1_position = Director 
| chief2_name     = 
| chief2_position = 
| parent_agency   = [[President of Turkey|Presidency of Turkey]]
| child1_agency   = 
| child2_agency   = 
| website         = [https://mit.gov.tr/ mit.gov.tr]
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}}

The '''National Intelligence Organization''' ({{langx|tr|Millî İstihbarat Teşkilatı}}), also known by its [[Turkish language|Turkish]] initials '''MIT''' or '''MİT''', or colloquially as '''the Organization''' ({{langx|tr|Teşkilat}}), is a national civilian intelligence and security agency of the Turkish government tasked with advancing national security through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and conducting analysis and development intelligence gathering and counterintelligence systems to create national security, clandestine and covert operations, countering hybrid threats, counterintelligence, counterterrorism, creation a civilian security network intelligence, support hybrid warfare operations, and threat assessment to national security. 

It gathers information for the [[Government of Turkey|Presidency]] and the [[Turkish Armed Forces]] (TSK) about the current and potential threats from inside and outside against all the elements that make up Turkey's integrity, constitutional order, existence, independence, security and national power and takes precautions when necessary.

The MIT is under the provision of the [[Government of Turkey|Presidency]]. It works closely with the [[List of diplomatic missions of Turkey|Turkish diplomatic missions]] overseas.{{TOC limit|3}}

==History==
The organization was formerly named as the Millî Emniyet Hizmetleri Teşkilatı ({{langx|tr|National Police Services Organization}}) (MAH). One of the MAH directors was [[Celal Tevfik Karasapan]] who held the post between 1959 and 1960.<ref>{{cite web | title=Beşiktaş Maçı Olduğunda Derse Girmeyen Profesör|website=alihikmetince.com|date=14 November 2019|author=Ali Hikmet İnce|language=tr | access-date=31 March 2024| url=http://www.alihikmetince.com/haber/besiktas-maci-oldugunda-derse-girmeyen-profesor-226}}</ref>

On 9 February 2023 the ''National Intelligence Academy'' (NIA), in Turkish ''Milli İstihbarat Akademisi'', was founded and began its activities on 6 January 2024. It is an institution within MIT with the purpose "to provide postgraduate education and conduct scientific research in intelligence, security and strategy."<ref>{{cite web | title=Intel academy releases first report on far-right extremism in the West | website=Hürriyet Daily News | date=16 January 2024 | url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/intel-academy-releases-first-report-on-right-wing-extremism-in-the-west-189713 | access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=National Academy | website=mit | date=9 February 2023 | url=https://www.mit.gov.tr/en/akademi.html | access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref>

== Organization ==
=== Organizational structure ===
The Organization is headed by a Director-General, who is appointed by the [[President of Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Adar |first1=Sinem |last2=Seufert |first2=Günter |date=2021 |title=SWP |url=https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/research_papers/2021RP02_Turkey_Presidential_System.pdf |page=12}}</ref> The Director-General is typically a career intelligence officer with past experience in intelligence and security matters.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Intelligence Organization |url=https://www.mit.gov.tr/eng/gorev.html |access-date=2017-02-25 |website=mit.gov.tr}}</ref>

The organization is divided into various departments and units, each specializing in specific areas of intelligence, counterterrorism, and analysis. These units include the Counterterrorism Department, Foreign Relations Department, Signals Intelligence Department, and more.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2016 |title=Post-coup shake-up at Turkey's intelligence agency |url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/11/turkey-post-botched-coup-shake-up-at-turkish-intelligence.html  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108091642/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/11/turkey-post-botched-coup-shake-up-at-turkish-intelligence.html |archive-date=8 November 2016 |access-date=7 November 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Organization structure of the National Intelligence Organization. |url=https://www.mit.gov.tr/teskilat.html }}</ref>

=== Connections to the Turkish military ===
According to the former director of Foreign Operations, Yavuz Ataç, the military presence in the organization is negligible,<ref>{{cite news|last=Ünlü|first=Ferhat|date=2007-07-16|title=İngiliz general Apo'nun başına beş milyon sterlin istedi|language=tr|work=Sabah|url=http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2007/07/16/haber,24B05F4AA2144A6F855F2A2250DC73B3.html|access-date=2008-12-18|quote=Ataç, ordu kökenlilerin oranının hiçbir zaman yüzde dördü geçmediğini belirttiği MİT'te, sivilleşme olgusu ve asker-sivil sorunsalının yanlış ele alındığı görüşünde.}}</ref> although the organization has a military heritage. In 1990, the percentage of military personnel was 35%, while in 2007 the lower echelons were 4.5% military.<ref name="entrika">{{cite news|last=Ünlü|first=Ferhat|date=2007-07-19|title=MİT'te iç çekişme entrikaya yol açtı|language=tr|work=Sabah|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-govt-takes-a-step-back-on-intel-bill-upon-harsh-criticism.aspx?pageID=517&nID=62813&NewsCatID=338|access-date=2008-12-18|quote=Yaklaşık 5 bin kadrolu personeli bulunan kurumda (Yardımcı istihbarat elemanları ile birlikte bu sayı çok daha fazla) alt kademelerdeki ordu kökenlilerin oranının yüzde 4.5'i geçmediği belirtiliyor.}}</ref> While the organization has historically recruited from relatives of existing employees,<ref>{{cite news|date=2007-07-20|title=Kim kimin akrabası?|language=tr|work=Sabah|url=http://www.sabah.com.tr/2007/07/20/haber,31F913863E45483AA22DE6B474E638E1.html|access-date=2008-12-18}} {{dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> the former director, [[Emre Taner]], says that this is no longer the case.<ref>{{cite news|date=2007-07-20|title=MİT'te akrabalık önemli referans|language=tr|work=Sabah|url=http://www.sabah.com.tr/2007/07/20/haber,CEE58AD7D5964F02ADA7272981838F84.html|access-date=2008-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009133949/http://www.sabah.com.tr/2007/07/20/haber%2CCEE58AD7D5964F02ADA7272981838F84.html|archive-date=October 9, 2007}}</ref>

=== Duties ===

The MİT is in charge of collecting intelligence on existing and potential threats from internal and external sources posed against the territory, people and integrity, the existence, independence, security, and all the other elements that compose the constitutional order and the national power of the [[Republic of Turkey]]. The MİT is in charge of communicating this intelligence to the [[President of Turkey|President]], the [[List of Chiefs of the Turkish General Staff|Chief of the General Staff]], the Secretary General of the [[National Security Council (Turkey)|National Security Council]] and other relevant state organizations as necessary.

The MİT is in charge of counterintelligence activities in Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Today |first=Politics |date=2021-11-18 |title=To Whom It May Concern: Turkey's Counter-Spy Operations Send Messages |url=https://politicstoday.org/to-whom-it-may-concern-turkeys-counter-spy-operations-send-messages/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=Politics Today |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=National Intelligence Organization |url=https://irp.fas.org/world/turkey/kanun.html |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=irp.fas.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-24 |title=Turkish foreign minister still thinks he's the intelligence chief - Nordic Monitor |url=https://nordicmonitor.com/2023/10/former-turkish-spymaster-struggles-to-adapt-to-foreign-ministry-role/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=nordicmonitor.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Legally, it cannot be given any other duty and cannot be led to any other field of activity than collecting intelligence concerning the security of the Republic. The MİT engages in [[cyberwarfare]]. The [[Ministry of National Defence (Turkey)|Turkish Ministry of National Defence]] considers [[cybersecurity]] as the country's "fifth frontier" after land, air, sea and space. The MİT uses local cybersecurity solutions mostly developed by companies like [[HAVELSAN]] and the [[Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey]].

== Activities ==
In 2014, it was revealed in the Turkey's Parliament's Internal Affairs Commission that the MİT has units working abroad and was wiretapping the telephones of 2,473 people, mostly related to "terrorism and spying activities."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-govt-takes-a-step-back-on-intel-bill-upon-harsh-criticism-62813|title=Turkish gov't takes a step back on intel bill upon harsh criticism - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=24 February 2014 }}</ref>

On 5 April 2018, Turkish Deputy Prime Minister [[Bekir Bozdağ]] said that MIT has captured 80 Turkish citizens, suspected of links to [[Fethullahçı Terör Örgütü|FETÖ]], from 18 different countries so far.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkeys-spy-agency-has-captured-80-feto-linked-suspects-from-18-countries-bozdag-129821|title=Turkey's spy agency has captured 80 FETÖ-linked suspects from 18 countries: Bozdağ - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=5 April 2018 }}</ref>

On 16 October 2020, according to Reuters, Turkey's intelligence officials arrested a man, suspected of spying on foreign Arab nationals on behalf of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The officials said that the man entered Turkey using a non-UAE passport. The detainee confessed to the charges and Turkish authorities obtained "a trove of documents" from him showing UAE affiliation, but there were no reactions received from the UAE.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/turkey-security-saudi-int/turkey-arrests-man-suspected-of-spying-for-uae-source-idUSKBN2712GQ|title= Turkey arrests man suspected of spying for UAE - source|access-date=16 October 2020|website=Reuters|date= 16 October 2020}}</ref> In 2019, Turkey arrested two men suspected of spying on Arab nationals for the UAE. One of the men was connected to the murder of Saudi journalist [[Jamal Khashoggi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/turkey-announces-arrest-of-two-agents-accused-of-spying-for-the-uae/2019/04/19/494bd16e-62ab-11e9-87b8-3f2ec40cd81c_story.html|title= Turkey announces arrest of 2 men on suspicion of spying for UAE|access-date=19 April 2019|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref>

In 2022, MIT participated and helped in the [[prisoner swap]] between Konstantin Yaroshenko (Russia) and Trevor Reed (USA) which took place in Istanbul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/prisoner-swap-plan-devised-by-mit-on-moscow-washington-demand-sources-173396|title=Prisoner swap plan devised by MİT on Moscow, Washington demand: Sources|date=April 30, 2022|website=hurriyetdailynews}}</ref>

=== Africa ===

==== Angola ====
Turkish judicial documents revealed that the National Intelligence Organization spied on Turkish nationals in Angola. They were supporters of the [[Gülen movement]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nordicmonitor.com/2021/03/turkish-embassy-gathered-illegal-information-on-erdogan-critics-in-angola/|title=Turkish Embassy gathered illegal information on Erdoğan critics in Angola|date=March 14, 2021|via=nordicmonitor.com}}</ref>

==== Egypt ====
On 22 November 2017, Egypt's public prosecutor ordered the detention of 29 people suspected of espionage on behalf of Turkey against [[Egypt]]'s national interests and joining a terrorist organization. They were also accused of [[money laundering]], conducting overseas calls without a license and trading currency without a license. According to the results of an investigation by the [[General Intelligence Service (Egypt)|General Intelligence Services]], the group had been recording phone calls and passing information to Turkish intelligence as part of a plan to bring the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] back to power in Egypt.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-court/egypt-detains-29-people-on-suspicion-of-espionage-for-turkey-idUSKBN1DM1AN|title=Egypt detains 29 people on suspicion of espionage for Turkey|date=22 November 2017|access-date=10 December 2017|newspaper=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/33764/In-Pictures-Egypt-foils-Turkish-espionage-attempt|title=In Pictures: Egypt foils Turkish espionage attempt - Egypt Today|website=www.egypttoday.com|date=22 November 2017 |access-date=10 December 2017}}</ref>

==== Gabon ====
In March 2018, MIT abducted three suspected members of the Gülen Movement from Gabon and transferred them from [[Libreville]] to [[Ankara]] on a private jet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intelligence-agency-brings-three-feto-members-from-gabon-to-turkey-130050|title=Turkish intelligence agency brings three FETÖ members from Gabon to Turkey - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=10 April 2018 }}</ref>

==== Kenya ====
MIT captured [[Abdullah Öcalan]] in Kenya on 15 February 1999, while being transferred from the Greek embassy to [[Jomo Kenyatta International Airport]] in [[Nairobi]], reportedly with the help of the CIA.<ref name="nytimes-capture">{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E3D8143DF933A15751C0A96F958260|title=U.S. Helped Turkey Find and Capture Kurd Rebel|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Weiner, Tim |date=20 February 1999|access-date=15 December 2007}}</ref> He was then forcibly transferred to Turkey and [[Imprisonment of Abdullah Öcalan|imprisoned]] on [[İmralı|Imrali island]] where he faced [[Trial of Abdullah Öcalan|trial]]. Also, MIT has rescued an Italian citizen, [[Silvia Romano]], who has been kidnapped in Kenya on 20 November 2018, and taken to Somalia.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/turkish-intelligence-agency-rescues-a-kidnapped-italian-citizen-in-kenya-36192 | title=Turkish intelligence agency rescues a kidnapped Italian citizen in Kenya }}</ref> On 31 May 2021, the MIT arrested in Kenya Selahaddin Gülen, who is a nephew of Fetullah Gülen, and brought him to Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/feto-ringleaders-nephew-avows-himself-165320|title= FETÖ ringleader's nephew avows himself|access-date=7 June 2021|website=hurriyetdailynews|date= 7 June 2021}}</ref>

==== Libya ====
{{further|Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War}}
In August 2019, a report was published, which stated that MIT was operating within the capital Tripoli in order to support the [[Government of National Accord]] (which is UN recognized).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20190807-libyan-national-army-turkish-intelligence-is-operating-in-tripoli/|title=Libyan National Army: Turkish intelligence is operating in Tripoli|date=7 August 2019 |publisher= Middle East Monitor|access-date=7 August 2019}}</ref> MIT personnel arrived in Libya before any Turkish military unit was sent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/north-africa/2020/01/06/Turkish-intelligence-agents-foreign-fighters-arrive-in-Libya-Sources|title=Turkish intelligence agents, foreign fighters arrive in Libya: Sources|date=6 January 2020 |publisher= alarabiya|access-date=6 January 2020}}</ref>

In September 2020, five Turkish journalists were jailed in Turkey after revealing documents about the Turkish intelligence activities in Libya. Three of them released in February 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TThree Turkish journalists set for jail over Libya coverage released -lawyer |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/five-turkish-journalists-be-jailed-over-libya-coverage-after-failed-appeal-2022-02-15/ |date=15 February 2022 |website=reuters.com}}</ref>

Starting in 2024, Turkey and Eastern Libya began to shift their stance and move closer together.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 July 2025 |title=Egypt asks US to pressure Libya's Haftar not to back Turkey maritime deal|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/egypt-asks-us-pressure-libya-khalifa-haftar-endorsing-turkey-maritime-deal |work=The Arab Weekly}}</ref> During that period, the head of MIT held meetings with Eastern Libyan leaders, including [[Khalifa Haftar]] and his sons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 August 2025 |title=Deputy Commander-in-Chief Receives Turkish Warship in Benghazi to Enhance Military Cooperation |url=https://libyaupdate.com/deputy-commander-in-chief-receives-turkish-warship-in-benghazi-to-enhance-military-cooperation/ |work=The Libya Update}}</ref>

==== Sudan ====
In a joint operation of MIT and [[General Intelligence Service (Sudan)|National Intelligence and Security Service]] (NISS), a man believed to be a chief financier for the FETÖ, was captured and transported to Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/war-on-terror/2017/11/27/senior-feto-figure-captured-by-turkish-intelligence-in-sudan/amp|title=Senior FETÖ figure captured by Turkish intelligence in Sudan|date=27 November 2017 |publisher=Daily Sabah |access-date=27 November 2017}}</ref>

=== Americas ===
==== United States ====
In 2018, the [[United States Department of Justice]] charged [[Kamil Ekim Alptekin]] and Bijan Rafiekian with acting as illegal agents of Turkey in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-men-charged-conspiracy-and-acting-agents-foreign-government|title=Two Men Charged with Conspiracy and Acting as Agents of a Foreign Government|date=December 17, 2018|publisher=Department of Justice - Office of Public Affairs}}</ref>

In July 2019, it was reported that Turkish diplomats with the support of MIT, had extensively spied on critics of the government of Turkey. Among the organizations that were spied on, were schools, companies, nongovernmental and not-for-profit organizations and foundations located in [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Washington D.C.]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Texas]] and [[Chicago]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2019/07/turkish-diplomats-have-extensively-spied-on-critics-in-the-united-states/|title=Turkish diplomats have spied extensively on critics in the United States|date=July 26, 2019}}</ref>

=== Asia ===
==== Armenia ====
In 2002, Armenian special services arrested an Armenian government official on charges of spying for Turkish national intelligence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armenpress.am/eng/news/514903/turkish-spy-arrested.html|title=TURKISH SPY ARRESTED|website=armenpress.am|date=February 2002 }}</ref> He was sentenced to 10 years in prison after being convicted of spying for Turkey.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1101683.html|title=Armenia: Official Sentenced To 10 Years For Spying For Turkey|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=9 April 2008 |last1=Danielyan |first1=Emil }}</ref>

==== Azerbaijan ====
In 2018, MIT arrested a FETÖ member in Azerbaijan and brought him to Turkey. He was a teacher working for a school in Azerbaijan which was operated by FETÖ .<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intel-returns-wanted-feto-from-azerbaijan-140108|title=Turkish intel returns wanted gulenist member from Azerbaijan|date=29 December 2018 |publisher=hurriyetdailynews|access-date=December 29, 2018}}</ref>

==== Georgia ====
According to a published news report, operatives of Turkish counterterrorism unit and MIT assigned to the Turkish Embassy had engaged in a large-scale spying campaign on FETÖ-linked organisations and foundations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2019/06/turkish-diplomats-spy-on-erdogan-critics-in-georgia-secret-document-reveals/|title=Turkish diplomats spied on Erdoğan critics in Georgia, secret document reveals|date=25 June 2019 |publisher=Nordic Monitor|access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref>

==== Iraq ====
In August 2017, the [[Kurdistan Communities Union]] said that had captured two Turkish nationals in [[Sulaymaniyah]], Iraq; the Kurdish group said both individuals captured were working for the MIT. The plan of the two captured Turks, according to [[NRT News]], was to assassinate a senior [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]] (PKK) figure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/pkk-confirms-capture-two-turkish-spies-iraq|title=PKK confirms capture of two Turkish spies in Iraq|website=Middle East Eye}}</ref>

In August 2018, it was announced that the PKK leader [[İsmail Özden|Ismail Özden]] and 4 other militants of the [[Sinjar Resistance Units]] (YBŞ) were killed in Turkish airstrikes in [[Sinjar]]. The [[Turkish Armed Forces]] carried out the joint operation with the MIT.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stocker |first=Joanne |date=2018-08-15 |title=Turkey says PKK leader in northern Iraq 'neutralized' after Sinjar airstrike report |url=https://thedefensepost.com/2018/08/15/turkey-airstrike-pkk-sinjar-iraq/ |access-date=2020-03-26 |website=The Defense Post |language=en-US}}</ref>

In April 2019, 4 PKK militants were nabbed at Iraq's [[Sinjar Mountains|Mount Sinjar]] and were brought to Turkey as part of a joint operation by the MIT and Turkish Armed forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/war-on-terror/2019/04/22/4-pkk-terrorists-brought-to-turkey-from-iraq-in-operation-by-turkish-intelligence|title=4 PKK terrorists brought to Turkey from Iraq in operation by Turkish intelligence|date=22 April 2019 |publisher=Daily Sabah|access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
 
In June 2019, Diyar Gharib Muhammed — one of seven members of the PKK's Central Committee was Killed. A Turkish F-16 struck his vehicle with the assistance of human intelligence provided by National Intelligence Organization (MIT) in the Kortek Bend area of Qandil in northern Iraq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/gundem/2019/07/07/son-dakika-teror-orgutu-pkkkcknin-sozde-baskanlik-konseyi-uyesi-diyar-garip-muhammed-etkisiz-hale-getirildi|title=Son dakika: Terör örgütü PKK/KCK'nın sözde liderlerine operasyon! Diyar Garip Muhammed etkisiz hale getirildi...|website=Sabah}}</ref>

In August 2019, 4 PKK militants were killed in an airstrike by Turkish warplane in a joint operation with MIT in the Qandil area of northern Iraq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://menafn.com/1098975780/Turkish-warplanes-neutralize-4-PKK-terrorists-In-Iraq|title=Turkish warplanes neutralize 4 PKK terrorists In. Iraq|publisher=MENAFN|access-date=7 September 2019}}</ref>

In September 2019, 3 PKK militants were killed in an airstrike by Turkish warplane in a joint operation with MIT in the Gara region of northern Iraq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/war-on-terror/2019/09/16/3-pkk-terrorists-neutralized-by-turkish-jets-in-northern-iraq|title=3 PKK terrorists neutralized by Turkish jets in northern Iraq|date=16 September 2019 |publisher=Daily Sabah|access-date=16 September 2019}}</ref> The same month the MIT in a joint operation, in northern Iraq's Qandil region, with the Turkish Armed Forces neutralized a senior female PKK member together with her driver.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-neutralizes-senior-female-ypg-pkk-terrorist-150730|title=Turkey neutralizes senior female YPG/PKK terrorist - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=8 January 2020}}</ref>

In January 2025, MIT neutralized Islam Dotkanlou, a top figure in the PKK's Iranian branch, along with his bodyguard during an operation carried out in Iraq.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/mit-neutralizes-pkks-senior-iran-member-204722|title=MİT 'neutralizes' PKK's senior Iran member
|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=15 January 2025}}</ref>

==== Malaysia ====
A Turkish teacher in Malaysia was abducted in 2016 from Kuala Lumpur over alleged links to the Gülen movement. According to reports he has been subjected to beating, torture, death threats and staged executions during his pretrial detention in Ankara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stockholmcf.org/cellmate-teacher-abducted-by-turkeys-mit-from-malaysia-subjected-to-torture-in-ankara/|title=Cellmate: Teacher abducted by Turkey's MİT from Malaysia subjected to torture in Ankara|date=April 1, 2018}}</ref>

In August 2019, MIT arrested the Malaysia chief of the FETÖ in an operation and brought him back to Turkey. The person was wanted by Turkey on charges of being involved in the activities of terrorist organization in multiple countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intelligences-captures-feto-suspect-in-malaysia-146188|title =Turkish intelligences captures FETÖ suspect in Malaysia|date =30 August 2019|publisher= HurriyetDailyNews|access-date=30 August 2019}}</ref>

==== Mongolia ====
In July 2018, a Turkish teacher with links to the Gulenist movement was allegedly kidnapped in the Mongolian capital and taken to the city's airport. He has been released after authorities temporarily grounded the airplane which was operated by the Turkish Air Force.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mongolia-kidnapping-turkey-idUSKBN1KI03N|title=Turkish teacher kidnapped in Mongolia freed after authorities ground flight|newspaper=Reuters |date=July 28, 2018|via=www.reuters.com}}</ref>

==== Myanmar ====
Turkish judicial documents revealed that Turkish nationals at Myanmar, who were Gülen supporters, were spied.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nordicmonitor.com/2021/03/turkish-diplomats-in-myanmar-spied-on-critics-cabled-secret-files-to-ankara/|title=Turkish diplomats in Myanmar spied on critics, cabled secret files to Ankara|date=March 21, 2021|via=nordicmonitor.com}}</ref>

==== Pakistan ====
In September 2017, in a joint operation of MIT, [[Inter-Services Intelligence|ISI]] and [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Punjab Police]], A prominent Turkish teacher and his family were arrested and brought to Turkey. He was vice president of FETÖ-affiliated educational foundation operating in Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://beta.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/a-turkish-family-has-disappeared-in-pakistan-and-suspicion-turns-to-intelligence-agencies/2017/10/11/aa8c0d80-a480-11e7-b573-8ec86cdfe1ed_story.html?outputType=amp|title=A Turkish family has disappeared in Pakistan, and suspicion turns to intelligence agencies|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=11 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/pakistan/pakistan-admits-they-secretly-deported-turkish-family-wanted-by-erdogan-govt-4895423/lite/|title=Pakistan admits they secretly deported Turkish family wanted by Erdogan govt| date=17 October 2017 |publisher=Indian Express|access-date=17 October 2017}}</ref>

==== Syria ====
{{See also|Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War}}
After the outbreak of the [[Syrian civil war]] in 2011, the intelligence services of several NATO countries began operating near the [[Syria-Turkey border]], coordinated by MIT. While operating on the Turkish side, all initiatives had to be cleared first with MIT.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/there-are-50-senior-agents-in-turkey-ex-spy-says-30232|title=There are 50 senior agents in Turkey, ex-spy says - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=16 September 2012 }}</ref>

The [[2014 National Intelligence Organisation scandal in Turkey]] revealed MIT's role in supplying arms to Syrian rebels in Syria.<ref name="reuters exclusive">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-turkey-arms-idUSKBN0O61L220150521|title=Exclusive: Turkish intelligence helped ship arms to Syrian Islamist rebel areas|publisher=Reuters|date=2015-05-21}}</ref> The Turkish journalists who exposed this arrangement were charged with espionage and "divulging state secrets" by the Turkish courts.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/27/turkish-journalists-charged-over-claim-that-secret-services-armed-syrian-rebels|title=Turkish journalists charged over claim that secret services armed Syrian rebels |work=The Guardian|date=2015-11-27}}</ref> One of the journalists claimed:'Those who sent the convoy from Turkey knew that the weapons were "heading to end [up] in [[ISIS]] hands"'.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} [[Turkish Army]] officers who intercepted some of the intelligence agency's weapons-filled trucks also faced espionage charges.<ref name="reuters exclusive"/> In June 2019, a Turkish court sentenced the group of officers and prosecutors who stopped the MIT trucks to at least two decades behind bars for obtaining and disclosing confidential state documents. They were also accused of being [[Fethullahçı Terör Örgütü|FETÖ]] members.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-court-sentences-defendants-in-mit-trucks-case-144568|title=Turkish court sentences defendants in MİT trucks case|publisher=hurriyetdailynews|date=2019-06-29}}</ref> 
The Turkish newspaper ''[[Cumhuriyet]]'' published video footage which it said showed security forces discovering weapons parts being sent to Syria on trucks belonging to MIT.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-turkey-arms-idUSKBN0OE28T20150529|title=Video purports to show Turkish intelligence shipping arms to Syria|publisher=Reuters|date=2015-05-29}}</ref> In December 2020, Turkish court sentenced to prison 27 people because they stopped the MIT trucks in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-court-issues-detailed-ruling-on-mit-trucks-case-161253|title=Turkish court issues detailed ruling on MIT trucks case|publisher=hurriyetdailynews|date=30 December 2020}}</ref>

In October 2014, an Egyptian official said that MIT was helping the ISIS with satellite images and other critical data.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/opinion/turkeys-relationship-with-isis-proves-its-deserting-its-european-allies-643187|title=Turkey's relationship with ISIS proves it's deserting its European allies|publisher=The Jerusalem Post|date=22 September 2020}}</ref>

In October 2014, [[Press TV]] journalist [[Serena Shim]] was killed when the car she was travelling in collided with a heavy vehicle in [[Suruç]] in what are claimed, by her employer and parents, to be suspicious circumstances. The car crash happened just days after Shim reported that the MIT had threatened her and accused her of spying because of her reporting on Turkey's stance on [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] militants during the [[siege of Kobane]]. She also claimed that she had received images of ISIL militants crossing the Turkish border into Syria in [[World Food Programme]] and [[NGO]] trucks.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2014/oct/20/journalist-safety-turkey|title=Iranian broadcaster raises suspicions about death of reporter on Syrian border|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/us-lebanese-reporter-dies-in-turkey-iranian-tv-calls-accident-suspicious.aspx?pageID=238&nID=73214&NewsCatID=352|title=US-Lebanese reporter dies in Turkey, Iranian TV calls accident 'suspicious'|work=Hurriyet}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/family-suspects-foul-play-in-death-of-us-journalist-in-turkey/|title=Family suspects foul play in death of US journalist in Turkey |publisher=Fox News}}</ref>

On 18 March 2016, Russia's UN Ambassador [[Vitaly Churkin]] sent a letter to the [[UN Security Council]] saying that three Turkish humanitarian organizations sent weapons and supplies to extremists in Syria on behalf of MIT. The three NGOs were the [[Besar Foundation]], the [[Iyilikder Foundation]], and the [[IHH (Turkish NGO)|Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms (IHH)]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dw.com/en/russia-claims-turkish-ngos-are-main-supplier-of-extremists-in-syria/a-19159685|title=Russia claims Turkish NGOs are 'main supplier' of extremists in Syria|work=Deutsche WElle}}</ref> In a 2018 interview, former [[Turkish National Police]] official [[Ahmet Yayla]] said that the MIT has used Turkey's IHH as an intermediary to arm Islamist terrorists.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.algemeiner.com/2018/10/17/turkey-experts-worry-erdogan-might-use-al-qaeda-against-kurds/|title=Turkey Experts Worry Erdogan Might Use Al Qaeda Against Kurds|publisher=algemeiner}}</ref>

In 2016, one of the commanders of the Syrian Turkmen rebel group [[Seljuk Brigade]] in Syria, Hani al-Mulla, was assassinated. Suspicion ranged from the involvement of Turkish intelligence and Turkish-backed rebels to [[ISIS]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/syria-turkmen-commanders-killed/3513531.html|title=Killing of Turkmen Commanders in Syria Complicates IS Fight|publisher=voanews|date=September 17, 2016}}</ref>

Since at least 2016 MIT played a role in helping what is now [[Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham]] separate from its ISIS and [[al-Qaeda]] past. MIT continued to liaison with HTS as the group consolidated control in [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]] province, a significant Syrian city and province that borders Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-02 |title=Syria's new intelligence chief, Khattab, tied to Turkey's spy agency, MIT - Nordic Monitor |url=https://nordicmonitor.com/2025/01/syrias-new-intelligence-chief-khattab-serves-as-liaison-to-turkeys-spy-agency-mit/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=nordicmonitor.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

MİT played an active role in the [[Turkish military operation in Afrin]], including the coordination and direction of the [[Syrian National Army]], as well as intelligence support in the identification of targets for [[Turkish Air Force]] airstrikes, and post-destruction evaluation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/intelligence-agency-mit-playing-active-role-in-turkeys-afrin-operation-126065|title=Intelligence agency MİT playing active role in Turkey's Afrin operation - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=21 January 2018 }}</ref>

According to documents revealed in 2019, the MIT was secretly transported ammunition and fighters into Syria with buses in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nrdc.wpengine.com/2019/01/turkish-intelligence-agency-moved-busloads-of-jihadists-in-syria-as-reinforcement/|title=Turkish intelligence agency moved busloads of jihadists into Syria as reinforcements|website=nordicmonitor| date=10 January 2019 }}</ref>

In May 2019, Syria's [[Military Intelligence Directorate (Syria)|Military Intelligence Directorate]] officials met with Turkish MIT intelligence officials including MIT's head [[Hakan Fidan]], despite hostilities between the Syrian and Turkish governments. Turkey's ruling [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AKP) released a statement saying the meeting was held to prevent a conflict between Syria and Turkey. AKP spokesperson Omer Celik defended the meeting, saying "Our intelligence agencies and our elements in the field can hold any meeting they like at any time they like to prevent some humanitarian tragedies or in line with some needs."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-turkey-idUSKCN1SS2M5|title=Turkey's AK Party says nothing wrong with intelligence meetings with Syria despite tensions| newspaper=Reuters |date=May 22, 2019|via=www.reuters.com}}</ref>

In 2020, [[European Union Agency for Asylum]] reported that a lot of the armed opposition groups in Syria are under the near-total control of MIT and the Turkish Ministry of Defence.<ref>[https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guidance-syria/13-anti-government-armed-groups European Union Agency for Asylum, 1.3. Anti-government armed groups, 2020]</ref>

=== Europe ===
==== Austria ====
In 2017, [[Peter Pilz]] released a report about the activities of Turkish agents operating through ATIB (Avusturya Türkiye İslam Birliği – Austria Turkey Islamic Foundation), the Diyanet's arm responsible for administering religious affairs across 63 mosques in the country, and other Turkish organizations. Pilz's website faced a [[DDoS]] attack by Turkish hacktivists and heavy security was provided when he presented the report publicly. Per the report, Turkey operates a clandestine network of 200 informants targeting opposition as well as Gülen supporters inside Austria.<ref name="huffingtonpost">{{cite web |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/turkeys-influence-network-in-europe-is-leading-to_us_593571dae4b062a6ac0ad1c9|title=Turkey's Influence Network In Europe Is Leading To Tension| date=5 June 2017 |publisher=huffingtonpost|access-date=5 June 2017}}</ref>

In September 2020, a Turkish spy was arrested and confessed. In addition, the Austria's interior minister said that there are indications that Turkey's secret service tried to recruit Austrian citizens and that [[Europol]] and the European Council had been informed. Turkey rejected the accusations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/09/turkey-austria-spy-nehammer-kurdish-clashes-protests-vienna.html|title=Austria says Turkish spy caught amid probe into Turkish-Kurdish clashes|date=September 2020 |publisher=al-monitor|access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/austria-turkey-espionage-int-idUSKBN25S4R5|title=Austria to file charges against Turkish spy - interior minister| date=15 September 2020 |work=reuters|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref>

In October 2020, a Turkish spy turned himself in to Austrian police and claimed that MIT had plans to attack the Austrian politicians, [[Aygül Berivan Aslan]] and Peter Pilz. In addition, he said that at the past he had been forced to give a false testimony which convicted Metin Topuz, an employee at the American Consulate in Istanbul. Turkey denied accusations.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/13/world/europe/turkey-austria-erdogan-assassin.html|title=Turkish Defector Says He Was Ordered to Kill Politician in Austria|work=The New York Times| date=13 October 2020 |access-date=13 October 2020| last1=Bennhold | first1=Katrin | last2=Gall | first2=Carlotta }}</ref>

==== Belgium ====
In 2017, the [[Flemish people|Flemish]] interior minister, [[Liesbeth Homans]], started the process of withdrawing recognition of the Turkish-sponsored and country's second largest mosque, Fatih mosque in [[Beringen, Belgium|Beringen]] accusing the mosque of spying in favor of Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/flemish-minister-turkish-sponosred-mosque-is-nest-of-spies/|title=Flemish minister: Turkish-sponsored mosque is 'nest of spies'|first=Georgi|last=Gotev|date=April 7, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/war-on-terror/2017/07/06/influenced-by-gulenists-belgium-targets-turkish-mosques-fighting-extremism|title=Influenced by Gülenists, Belgium targets Turkish mosques fighting extremism|first=Mehmet|last=Solmaz|date=July 6, 2017|website=Daily Sabah}}</ref>

'''Cyprus'''

In 1994, a prominent [[Greek Cypriots|Greek Cypriot]] supporter of [[Kurdistan]], Theophilos Georgiadis, was murdered outside his house in [[Aglandjia]], [[Nicosia]] by a Greek Cypriot who was likely paid off by Turkish intelligence, using a Turkish Army officers gun.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2023 |title=Θεόφιλος Γεωργιάδης! Ένας ακόμα μάρτυρας του Ελληνισμού |url=https://simerini.sigmalive.com/article/2023/3/20/theophilos-georgiades-enas-akoma-marturas-tou-ellenismou/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-03-19 |title="Θα σε σκοτώσουμε!" Τα απειλητικά τηλεφωνήματα στον αγωνιστή Θεόφιλο Γεωργιάδη λίγο πριν τη δολοφονία έξω από το σπίτι του. Τι απέγιναν οι φερόμενοι ως δολοφόνοι του |url=https://www.mixanitouxronou.com.cy/stiles/sinevi-simera/tha-se-skotosoume-ta-apilitika-tilefonimata-ston-agonisti-theofilo-georgiadi-ligo-prin-ti-dolofonia-exo-apoto-spiti-tou-ti-apeginan-i-dolofoni-tou/ |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=ΜΗΧΑΝΗ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΟΝΟΥ |language=el}}</ref>

According to reports, partially confirmed by [[Cyprus Police]], there have been migrants crossing into the government controlled side of [[Cyprus]] with links to terrorist organisations and Turkish Intelligence with a Police spokesperson saying that the suspected individuals are under constant surveillance by the intelligence apparatus.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Δημητριάδη |first=Ραφαέλα |date=2023-09-25 |title=Κύπρος – Αποκαλυπτικό: Επαφές μεταναστών με ΜΙΤ και Τούρκους στρατιωτικούς |url=https://www.philenews.com/kipros/koinonia/article/1388213/epafes-me-mit-ke-tourkous-stratiotikous/ |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=Φιλελεύθερος {{!}} Philenews |language=el}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-27 |title=Πρόβλημα εθνικής ασφάλειας! Ανενόχλητοι πράκτορες τις ΜΙΤ ετοιμάζουν μετανάστες για χάος στην Κύπρο |url=https://www.pentapostagma.gr/videos/7195316_problima-ethnikis-asfaleias-anenohlitoi-praktores-tis-mit-etoimazoyn-metanastes-gia |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=Pentapostagma |language=el}}</ref>

==== Czech Republic ====
Judicial documents revealed that critics of the Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan were spied upon in the Czech Republic.<ref>[https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2020/08/erdogan-critics-listed-by-turkish-embassy-in-prague-were-included-in-bogus-terrorism-probe/ Turkish Embassy in Prague spied on President Erdogan's critics]</ref>

==== France ====
MIT was blamed for the [[Triple murder of Kurds activists in Paris|2013 murders of three PKK activists in Paris]].<ref name="independent.co.uk"/>

==== Germany ====
In July 2015 The [[Tagesspiegel]] newspaper reported that German federal prosecutors were looking into claims that three men - two Turks and a German national - were instructed by MIT to spy on Erdogan critics in [[Cologne]], particularly [[Kurds]] and members of the Muslim minority [[Alevi]] community.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/report-turkeys-mit-agency-menacing-german-turks/a-19490657|title=Report: Turkey's MIT agency menacing 'German Turks' &#124; DW &#124; 21.08.2016|website=DW.COM}}</ref>

In 2016, Bundestag intelligence oversight committee members demanded answer from German government about the reports that Germans of Turkish origin are being pressured in Germany by informers and officers of Turkey's MIT spy agency. According to reports Turkey had 6,000 informants plus MIT officers in Germany who were putting pressure on "German Turks". [[Hans-Christian Ströbele]] told that there was an "unbelievable" level of "secret activities" in Germany by Turkey's MIT agency. According to Erich Schmidt-Eenboom, not even the former communist [[East German]] [[Stasi]] secret police had managed to run such a large "army of agents" in the former [[West Germany]]: "Here, it's not just about intelligence gathering, but increasingly about intelligence service repression."<ref name="auto"/> German lawmakers have called for an investigation, charging that Turkey is spying on suspected Gulen followers in Germany.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web |url=http://hizmetnews.com/20806/german-lawmakers-call-probe-imams-suspected-spying-turkey/#.WGD--bmdVpI|title=German Lawmakers Call for Probe on Imams Suspected of Spying for Turkey| date=10 December 2016 |publisher=turkeypurge|access-date=10 December 2016}}</ref>

In December 2016, a 31-year-old Turkish citizen who had resided in Germany for a decade was arrested in Hamburg on suspicion of espionage and plotting the assassination of two prominent Kurds on behalf of Turkish security services.<ref name="huffingtonpost"/>

In March 2017 the Turkish secret intelligence service was accused of conducting espionage of more than 300 people and 200 associations and schools linked to supporters of exiled [[Fethullah Gülen]].  [[Boris Pistorius]], interior minister for [[Lower Saxony]] State, called this "intolerable and unacceptable", stating that "the intensity and ruthlessness with which people abroad are being investigated is remarkable". A German security official said that "we are horrified at how openly Turkey reveals that it is spying on Turks living here".<ref>{{cite web|title=Germany accuses Turkey of 'unacceptable' spying|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-turkey-unacceptable-spying-merkel-erdogan-fethullah-gulen-coup-plot-july-hizmet-movement-a7653471.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-turkey-unacceptable-spying-merkel-erdogan-fethullah-gulen-coup-plot-july-hizmet-movement-a7653471.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=The Independent|access-date=30 March 2017|date=28 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Germany to investigate claims of 'intolerable' spying by Turkey|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/28/germany-accuses-turkey-of-intolerable-spying-on-gulen-supporters|work=The Guardian|access-date=30 March 2017|date=28 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Turks in Germany warned over surveillance from Ankara|url=http://www.dw.com/en/turks-in-germany-warned-over-surveillance-from-ankara/a-38151664|website=Deutsche Welle|access-date=30 March 2017}}</ref> On 30 March 2017 Interior Minister [[Thomas de Maiziere]] expresses suspicions that the move may have been intended to weigh on Turkish-German relations − "to provoke us in some way".<ref>{{cite web|title=Germany: Turkish spy list may be deliberate provocation|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/germany-turkish-spy-list-may-be-deliberate-provocation|publisher=Fox News|access-date=30 March 2017|date=30 March 2017}}</ref> The appallment was deepened when it was revealed that the 300 persons included politicians, including [[:de:Michelle Müntefering|Michelle Müntefering]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Müntefering wirft türkischem Geheimdienst Denunziation vor|url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/tuerkei-geheimdienst-101.html|website=tagesschau.de|access-date=30 March 2017|language=de-DE}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Name of German SPD lawmaker Michelle Müntefering found on Turkish spying list|url=http://www.dw.com/en/name-of-german-spd-lawmaker-michelle-m%C3%BCntefering-found-on-turkish-spying-list/a-38195162|website=Deutsche Welle|access-date=30 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Spionage-Affäre: Michelle Müntefering auf türkischer Geheimdienstliste| newspaper=Faz.net |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/tuerkei/tuerkei-spaeht-offenbar-abgeordnete-muentefering-aus-14948135.html|publisher=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|access-date=30 March 2017|language=de-DE|date=29 March 2017}}</ref>

In June 2017, according to news reports, Turkish Intelligence had reportedly been collecting an increasing amount of information on [[Bundestag]] members who are involved in defense as well as domestic and foreign policy. A spokeswoman for [[Federal Criminal Police Office (Germany)|Bundeskriminalamt]] confirmed the report that the agency met with German MPs "in recent weeks" to discuss "safety" concerns, since "protecting members of the Bundestag is a legal task of the BKA".<ref>{{cite web|title=Report: German politicians under surveillance by Turkish intelligence|url=https://m.dw.com/en/report-german-politicians-under-surveillance-by-turkish-intelligence/a-39448873|publisher=Die Welt|access-date=28 June 2017|language=en}}</ref>

In October 2017, according to German press reports officials working in Germany's immigration authorities pass on information about Turkish asylum seekers to Turkey. In many cases, even their locations were also revealed, that even their families did not know for security reasons. These incidents showed that Turkish spies may have infiltrated German authorities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/turkey-spies-betraying-asylum-seekers-in-german-immigration-offices/a-40974950|title=Turkey spies betraying asylum seekers in German immigration offices &#124; DW &#124; 16.10.2017|website=DW.COM}}</ref> In addition, [[Herbert Reul]], the interior minister for the German state of the [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], submitted a report to the state parliament, alleging that the Turkish-German organisation ''[[Osmanen Germania]]'' works with MIT. The organisation denied the accusations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/sons-akp-turkish-german-biker-gang-accused-aiding-turkish-spies|title='Sons of AKP': Turkish-German biker gang accused of aiding Turkish spies|website=Middle East Eye}}</ref> In July 2018, Germany banned the organisation on allegations it is involved in organized crime and represents a threat to the general public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/germany-bans-turkish-biker-gang-osmanen-germania-134387|title=Germany bans Turkish biker gang Osmanen Germania - World News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=10 July 2018 }}</ref>

In October 2021, German authorities arrested a Turk in a hotel at [[Düsseldorf]] for spying on behalf of Turkey. Police found a pistol, ammunition and a list with the names Gulen supporters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-investigates-man-on-suspicion-of-spying-for-turkey/a-59374615|title=Germany investigates man on suspicion of spying for Turkey|website=dw.com}}</ref>

The 2024 report from [[Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution|Germany’s federal domestic intelligence agency (BfV)]] revealed that Turkish intelligence services continue to operate extensively in Germany, primarily engaging in transnational repression. Their main targets include followers of the Gulen movement, supporters of the PKK and individuals or organizations labeled as “enemies of the state” by Turkey. In addition, Turkish organizations in Germany are involved in influence operations aimed at Turkish communities, with the goal of affecting political decision-making processes in Germany. The report highlights the Union of International Democrats (UID), based in Cologne and founded in 2004, as the most prominent state-affiliated organization carrying out such influence activities on behalf of Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stockholmcf.org/turkey-continues-spying-on-gulen-followers-pkk-supporters-in-germany-report/|title=Turkey continues spying on Gülen followers, PKK supporters in Germany: report|website=stockholmcf.org}}</ref>

==== Greece ====
In December 2011, the Turkish newspaper Birgun reported on an interview with former Turkish prime minister [[Mesut Yilmaz]] saying that Turkey was behind a number of large [[forest fires]] in Greece in the 1990s. Yilmaz later denied the statements, saying he had been misquoted by the newspaper and that he had been actually referring to unsubstantiated reports of Greek involvement in Turkish forest fires.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Turkish PM's arson admission fuels anger|url=http://www.ekathimerini.com/137956/article/ekathimerini/news/former-turkish-pms-arson-admission-fuels-anger|date=December 28, 2011|publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Outrage As Former Turkish Prime Minister Says The Country Secretly Started Huge Forest Fires In Greece|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/turkey-greece-yilmaz-2011-12|date=December 28, 2011|publisher=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> In addition, former head of Greek intelligence service said they had intelligence that Turkish agencies were involved in the arsons in the 1990s but had no proof. He said they had received information from their agents in Turkey that Turkish agents or others were involved in the forest fires on Greek islands.<ref>{{cite web|title=Turk-Greek ties strained by arson row|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turk-greek-ties-strained-by-arson-row.aspx?pageID=238&nID=10324&NewsCatID=338|date=December 30, 2011|publisher=[[Hurriyet Daily News]]}}</ref>

In August 2013, Greek police arrested a German citizen on the island of [[Chios]] on suspicion of spying for Turkey. Police said they had found in the man's possession cameras, laptops, maps and glasses with an embedded camera, and an email he had sent to an unidentified recipient with details on Greek warships and army vehicles on the island. The man confessed he had photographed barracks and other military-related buildings on the island for five people he believed were Turkish nationals who paid him up to 1,500 euros ($2,000) for each assignment. Greek authorities suspected that the individuals worked for the Turkish secret services.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-greece-germany-spying/greek-police-arrest-german-on-suspicion-of-spying-idUSBRE97208820130803|title=Greek police arrest German on suspicion of spying|date=3 August 2013|work=reuters|access-date=3 August 2013}}</ref>

In October 2014, Greek police arrested a German citizen on the island of [[Kos]] because he photographed sensitive locations on the island. He admitted that was spying for MIT<ref name="Ιστορίες με κατασκόπους στο Αιγαίο">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kathimerini.gr/896001/article/epikairothta/ellada/istories-me-kataskopoys-sto-aigaio|title=Ιστορίες με κατασκόπους στο Αιγαίο, του Γιάννη Σουλιώτη &#124; Kathimerini|website=www.kathimerini.gr|date=13 February 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.larissanet.gr/2019/06/21/dikazetai-sti-rodo-kataskopos-tis-tourkias/|title=Δικάζεται στη Ρόδο κατάσκοπος της Τουρκίας|website=www.larissanet.gr|date=21 June 2019}}</ref> and he was recruited in 2011. He was paid 2,000 euros every month and the money were deposited to his bank account in Germany. Furthermore, he said that he was one of the many European retirees living in Greece who have been recruited by Turkey in order to spy against Greece.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://intelnews.org/2016/12/09/01-2023/|title=Greece jails member of alleged network of German retirees spying for Turkey|website=intelnews.org|date=9 December 2016}}</ref>

In June 2016, a Turkish intelligence officer who worked in the [[Trabzon Province]] admitted that his agency ran surveillance on Greek tourists who visited the province. Many Greeks visit the Trabzon and the historic Greek Orthodox [[Sumela Monastery]] there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2020/06/greeks-who-visited-historic-monastery-in-turkey-surveilled-by-turkish-intelligence/|title=Greeks who visited historic monastery in Turkey were surveilled by Turkish intelligence|first=Abdullah|last=Bozkurt|date=28 June 2020|publisher=nordicmonitor}}</ref>

In February 2017, the newspaper [[Kathimerini]] reported that the Turkish National Intelligence Organisation recruits EU retirees to spy on a variety of Greek sensitive locations, including military bases, airports and power plants.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ahvalnews.com/mit/turkish-intelligence-recruits-eu-retirees-spy-greece|title=Turkish intelligence recruits EU retirees to spy on Greece|website=Ahval|date=17 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="Ιστορίες με κατασκόπους στο Αιγαίο"/>

In March 2017, the former editor in chief of the English version of Turkish ''[[Zaman (newspaper)|Zaman]]'' newspaper, Abdullah Bozkurt, posted a tweet on his account warning of increased [[clandestine operations]] of Turkish intelligence agents in Greece.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/abdbozkurt/status/846324372642168834|title=My sources are telling me #Turkey intel has escalated clandestine ops in #Greece, raising the number of operatives. Plotting something?|first=Abdullah|last=Bozkurt|date=27 March 2017|access-date=6 January 2018}}</ref>

In April 2020, a document published by the Gülen-aligned Nordic Monitor, claims that Turkish intelligence was spying on refugees and migrants in Greece in order to find details of those who were persecuted by the Erdogan administration.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2020/04/turkish-intelligence-operations-targeting-critics-in-greece-exposed-in-secret-documents/|title=Turkish intelligence operations in Greece exposed in secret documents|first=Abdullah|last=Bozkurt|date=20 April 2020|publisher=nordicmonitor}}</ref>

In August 2020, more documents revealed the illegal information gathering and surveillance activities in Greece by the MIT, the Turkish Embassy and the Turkish consulates against Turkish asylum seekers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nordicmonitor.com/2020/08/more-secret-documents-confirming-vast-turkish-espionage-activities-in-greece-uncovered/|title=More secret documents confirming vast Turkish espionage activities in Greece uncovered|first=Abdullah|last=Bozkurt|date=22 August 2020|publisher=nordicmonitor}}</ref>

In December 2020, Greek authorities arrested two Greek Muslims in [[Rhodes]] for espionage. One was working at the Turkish Consular Authority in Rhodes and the other on a passengers ship which connects the Rhodes with [[Kastelorizo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skai.gr/news/greece/dyo-syllipseis-ellinon-gia-kataskopeia-sti-rodo|title=Δύο συλλήψεις Ελλήνων για κατασκοπεία στη Ρόδο|date=12 December 2020|publisher=skai.gr}}</ref>

==== Kosovo ====
In March 2018, six Turkish nationals from [[Kosovo]] had been captured by Turkish intelligence and brought to Turkey over alleged links to schools financed by the Gulen movement. Turkish President Tayyip Erdoğan said, speaking to supporters and party members in Istanbul: "Our National Intelligence Agency captured six of the highest ranking members [of Gulen's network] in the Balkans in the operation it conducted in Kosovo."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-kosovo-security-turkey-idUSKBN1H70CC|title=Kosovo investigates seizure of Turkish nationals|newspaper=Reuters|date=March 31, 2018|via=www.reuters.com}}</ref>

==== Lithuania ====
The cyber team of the MİT hacked the server of the [[ByLock (Application)|ByLock]] in Lithuania and transferred all signed-up IP's to the headquarters in Ankara. The MİT had finalized its operation in December 2015 and January 2016, before ByLock has ceased its operation. Bylock was a secure communication app and Turkish authorities believe that it was exclusively allocated for the members of the Gülen Movement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/opinion/murat-yetkin/turkish-intelligence-unveils-secret-codes-used-before-coup-attempt-103843|title=Turkish intelligence unveils secret codes used before coup attempt|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=12 September 2016 }}</ref>

==== Moldova ====
In 2018, Turkish together with Moldovan intelligence services detained at least six Turkish nationals employed at a private chain of high schools in Moldova. All were teachers or students at the Horizont Turkish high-school private chain, which is seen as close to the Fethullah Gulen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/09/turkish-teachers-detained-moldova-gulen.html|title=Turkey snatches 'Gulenist' teachers in Moldova|date=September 6, 2018|website=Al-Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2018/09/06/six-turkish-professors-detained-by-moldovan-secret-services-09-06-2018/|title=Turkish Secret Services Nab Six 'Gulenists' in Moldova|date=September 6, 2018}}</ref>

==== Norway ====
The Gülen-aligned [[Stockholm Center for Freedom]] accused the Norwegian Islamist religious organizations that are affiliated with Turkish government that were illegally profiling and intelligence gathering activities on Turks who are believed to be affiliated with Gülen movement in Norway.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkeypurge.com/turkey-spying-imams-active-also-in-norway|title=Turkey' spying imams active also in Norway: monitoring group &#124; Turkey Purge}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stockholmcf.org/turkeys-autocratic-president-erdogans-spying-profiling-expands-in-norway/|title=Turkey's autocratic President Erdoğan's spying, profiling expands in Norway|date=April 1, 2017}}</ref>

==== Serbia ====
In 2015, [[Matthew Aid]] wrote that according to reports spies from Turkey are among the most active in Serbia. Turkey organize and finance the movement of [[Bosniak]]s for the secession of the [[Raška (region)|Raška]] region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kafila.org/www-matthewaid-com/|title=Matthew M. Aid|date=November 7, 2019}}</ref>

==== Sweden ====
According to the Gülen-aligned [[Stockholm Center for Freedom]], an investigation was launched on suspicion of unlawful intelligence gathering and illegal "mapping" against opposition circles in Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://stockholmcf.org/report-sweden-launches-espionage-probe-into-turkish-govt-representatives/|title=Report: Sweden Launches Espionage Probe Into Turkish Gov't Representatives|date=11 November 2017|publisher=stockholmcf|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref>

==== Switzerland ====
Parliamentarian Alex Kuprecht announced that the government was considering opening a criminal case against regarding espionage and other illegal activities performed by Turkish agents against dissidents. Also, there were espionage against academics who were critical of Turkey.<ref name="huffingtonpost"/>
On March 16, 2017, the Office of the Attorney General launched a criminal inquiry into possible foreign spying on Switzerland's Turkish community. Investigation also concerned an attempt to kidnap a Swiss-Turkish in Zurich to take him abroad.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/undiplomatic_swiss-eye-alleged-turkish-kidnapping-attempt/43973170|title=Swiss ministry says no diplomatic immunity for Turkish spying suspects|first1=S. W. I.|last1=swissinfo.ch|first2=a branch of the Swiss Broadcasting|last2=Corporation|website=SWI swissinfo.ch|date=14 March 2018 }}</ref> That same month, Switzerland's foreign minister warned Turkey against illegal spying on expatriate Turks in Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/swiss-foreign-minister-warns-turkey-against-illegal-spying-111199|title=Swiss foreign minister warns Turkey against illegal spying - World News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=24 March 2017 }}</ref> In April 2017, a Swiss policeman of Turkish origin was arrested on the accusation that he was spying for the Turkish government.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/eu-affairs/2017/05/01/as-anti-turkish-politics-grip-europe-turkish-swiss-policeman-arrested|title=As anti-Turkish politics grip Europe Turkish-Swiss policeman arrested|first=daily|last=sabah|date=May 1, 2017|website=Daily Sabah}}</ref>

==== Turkey ====
At the time of the [[1971 Turkish military memorandum]], the MIT did not inform Prime Minister [[Süleyman Demirel]] about the coup plans, and asked for the PM's resignation on the day of the coup.<ref name="ABDULKADİR_SELVİ">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/opinion/abdulkadir-selvi/whats-next-for-turkeys-national-intelligence-agency-117302|title=What's next for Turkey's National Intelligence Agency?|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=28 August 2017 }}</ref>

During the [[1980 Turkish coup d'état]], the plans for "Operation Flag" (Bayrak Harekâtı) were conveyed to the military units by an MİT airplane. Once again, the agency did not notify the prime minister, even though legally it was under his authority, as it was part of the coup.<ref name="ABDULKADİR_SELVİ"/>

During the [[2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt]], the MİT fought against the coup plotters.<ref name="ABDULKADİR_SELVİ"/>

According to Turkish media, the Turkish National Intelligence Organization prevented a second attack days after the initial [[2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks]]. They intercepted a shipment at [[Istanbul Airport]] containing 1,300 pagers and 700 chargers destined for Lebanon.<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkish intel foils second pager bomb plot targeting Lebanon: Media |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intel-foils-second-pager-bomb-plot-targeting-lebanon-media-208866 |work=hurriyetdailynews |date=6 May 2025 |language=en |access-date=6 May 2025 |archive-date=6 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506133155/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intel-foils-second-pager-bomb-plot-targeting-lebanon-media-208866 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Ukraine ====
In July 2018, a gulen-linked suspect was brought to the Turkey from Ukraine following operations conducted by the MİT.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-intelligence-brings-key-feto-suspect-from-ukraine-to-turkey-134608|title=Turkish intelligence brings key FETÖ suspect from Ukraine to Turkey - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|date=16 July 2018 }}</ref>

In February 2022, MIT captured and abducted the Turkish arm dealer and former special forces captain in the Turkish armed forces, Nuri Bozkir, who exposed the Turkish arms transfers to militant groups in Syria and Libya. He applied for political asylum in Ukraine and Turkey issued an Interpol red notice calling for his arrest for the 2002 murder of Turkish academic Necip Hablemitoglu while Bozkir denied any involvement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/turkeys-intelligence-agency-abducts-arms-dealer-in-ukraine/a-60634563|title=Turkey's intelligence agency abducts arms dealer in Ukraine|website=DW}}</ref>

==== United Kingdom ====
In 1994, Mehmet Kaygisiz, a [[Kurds|Kurdish]] man with links to the PKK and the north London underworld, was shot dead at a café in [[Islington]]. His murder remained unsolved and at the time his murder was thought to be drug-related, but in 2016 new documents suggest that MIT ordered his murder.<ref name="independent.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/turkey-murder-london-unsolved-mehmet-kaygisiz-government-security-services-agents-court-documents-a7332461.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/turkey-murder-london-unsolved-mehmet-kaygisiz-government-security-services-agents-court-documents-a7332461.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=New documents appear to link Turkish state with murder in London|date=September 27, 2016|website=The Independent}}</ref>

In 2018, Turkish [[NBA]] player [[Enes Kanter]], who was against Turkey's president [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]], informed the [[New York Knicks]] he will not be traveling with the team to London because he believed that a trip there would be life-threatening. When a reporter asked him if he really believes a trip to London would be dangerous, he replied: "They've got a lot of spies there. I can get killed very easy. That will be a very ugly situation."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2019/01/05/enes-kanter-skip-knicks-london-trip-out-fear-he-could-be-killed-by-turkish-spies/|title=Enes Kanter to skip Knicks' London trip out of fear he could be killed by Turkish spies|first=Cleve R. Jr |last=Wootson |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref>

=== Oceania ===
==== Australia ====
{{Further|Australia–Turkey relations}}
Turkish imams preaching in Australia's mosques have been instructed to spy on Australian supporters of Fethulah Gülen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/subscribe/news/1/?sourceCode=TAWEB_WRE170_a&dest=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Fnational-affairs%2Fforeign-affairs%2Fankarasupplied-clerics-spy-on-turkishaustralian-communities%2Fnews-story%2F570bbc1432ab2ebd5a3e9a31d662b80b&memtype=anonymous&mode=premium&nk=ab361226dde46e30b49567806d1e08aa-1590113181|title=Subscribe to The Australian &#124; Newspaper home delivery, website, iPad, iPhone & Android apps|website=www.theaustralian.com.au}}</ref>

The illegal surveillance, information collection and monitoring activities of the Turkish intelligence agency in Australia was exposed in classified documents in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meforum.org/60976/turkish-spy-agency-mit-intelligence-gathering-australia|title=Turkish Spy Agency MIT Targets Government Critics in Australia|first=Abdullah|last=Bozkurt|website=Middle East Forum|date=22 May 2020 }}</ref>

== List of the Directors of The National Intelligence Organization ==
{| class="wikitable"
!!! Name !! Took office !! Left office
|-
|1 || Avni Kantan || 14 July 1965 || 2 March 1966
|-
|2 || [[Fuat Doğu|Mehmet Fuat Doğu]] || 2 March  1966 || 27 March 1971
|-
|3 || [[Nurettin Ersin]] || 2 August 1971 || 25 July 1973
|-
|4 || Bülent Türker || 26 July 1973 || 27 February 1974
|-
|5 || Bahattin Özülker || 28 February 1974  || 26 September 1974
|-
|6 || Bülent Türker || 26 September 1974 || 24 November 1974
|-
|7 || Hamza Gürgüç || 25 November 1974 || 13 July 1978
|-
|8 || [[Adnan Ersöz]] || 13 July 1978 || 19 November 1979
|-
|9 || Bülent Türker || 19 November 1979 || 7 September 1981
|-
|10 || [[Burhanettin Bigalı]] || 7 September 1981 || 14 August 1986
|-
|11 || [[Hayri Ündül]] || 5 September 1986 || 28 August 1988
|-
|12 || [[Teoman Koman]] || 29 August 1988 || 27 August 1992
|-
|13 || [[Sönmez Köksal]] || 9 November 1992  || 11 February 1998
|-
|14 || [[Şenkal Atasagun]] || 11 February 1998 || 11 June 2005
|-
|15 || [[Emre Taner]] || 15 June 2005 || 26 May 2010
|-
|16 || [[Hakan Fidan]] || 26 May 2010 || 10 February 2015<ref>{{cite news| title=Turkey's intelligence chief resigns to run for elections in June |newspaper=Hürriyet Daily News | date=7 February 2015 | url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkeys-intelligence-chief-resigns-to-run-for-elections-in-june-78021 | access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref>
|-
|17 || [[Hakan Fidan]] || 9 March 2015<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-politics-fidan-idUSKBN0M51PR20150309|title=Former Turkish spy chief re-appointed to post after abandoning election bid|date=9 March 2017|work=Reuters}}</ref> || 4 June 2023
|-
|18 || [[İbrahim Kalın]] || 5 June 2023 ||''Incumbent''
|}

== Permission for testimony ==
Testimony in court may only be made with and by the permission of the Director of the MİT. According to Article 29 of Law No. 2937, MİT agents must not give their testimony if it pertains to state secrets without further permission from the MİT.

== Museum ==
The Organization owns a non-public [[MİT Museum of Espionage|Museum of Espionage]] consisting of a variety of spy equipment, which was revealed once in October 2013.

== Equipment ==
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="6" |[[Aircraft]]
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |'''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]'''
|-
!Model
!Image
!Origin
!Type
!Variant
!Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[TAI Anka]]
|[[File:TAI ANKA-B.jpg|frameless|185x185px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{TUR}}
| rowspan="2" |[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|UCAV]]
|Anka-B
| rowspan="2" |Electronic warfare and intelligence UAV made for the National Intelligence Organization. Equipped with electronic warfare and intelligence systems (IMINT,ELINT,COMINT,SIGINT).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-30|title=ANKA-I Elektronik Harp ve İstihbarat İHA|url=http://www.millisavunma.com/anka-i-elektronik-harp-ve-istihbarat-iha/|access-date=2021-03-26|website=Millisavunma.com|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Akgungor |first=Ilker |date=2018-03-27 |title=MİT'in havadaki kulağı ANKA-İ |url=https://ilkerakgungor.medium.com/mi%CC%87tin-havadaki-kula%C4%9F%C4%B1-anka-i%CC%87-6a6252d46f27 |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Recent Developments in the ANKA UAS Programme |url=https://www.monch.com/mpg/news/air/3356-anka-dev.html |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=www.monch.com |archive-date=2 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214101/https://www.monch.com/mpg/news/air/3356-anka-dev.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[File:FRBR 160716 TAI ANKA 01.jpg|frameless|185x185px]]
|Anka-I
|- valign="top"
|[[Bayraktar TB2]]
|[[File:Bayraktar_TB2_Ground.jpg|frameless|185x185px]]
|{{TUR}}
|UCAV
|TB2S
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bayraktar TB2, Milli İstihbarat Teşkilatı'nın envanterine girdi |url=https://www.takvim.com.tr/guncel/2019/06/25/bayraktar-tb2-milli-istihbarat-teskilatinin-envanterine-girdi |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=takvim.com.tr |language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Özen |first=Ege Buğra |date=2019-06-26 |title=MİT envanterine Bayraktar TB2 |url=https://www.airturkhaber.com/haberler/mit-envanterine-bayraktar-tb2/ |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=AirTurkHaber.com |language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2021 |title=Bayraktar TB2'den yeni rekor: 300 bin uçuş saatini tamamladı |url=https://www.trthaber.com/haber/bilim-teknoloji/bayraktar-tb2den-yeni-rekor-300-bin-ucus-saatini-tamamladi-558507.html |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=www.trthaber.com |language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haber |first=Hava |date=2019-06-25 |title=THY'nin Rüya uçağının adını sen koy |url=https://havahaber.com/thynin-ruya-ucaginin-adini-sen-koy/ |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=Hava Haber |language=tr}}</ref>
|- 
|[[Baykar Bayraktar Akıncı]]
|[[File:Bayraktar Akıncı SİHA (UAV).jpg|frameless|185x185px]]
|{{TUR}}
|UCAV
|Akinci-A
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kurunç |first1=Kamer |date=30 August 2021 |title=Baykar Savunma Kaç Adet AKINCI TİHA Teslim Etti? |url=https://www.savunmasanayist.com/baykar-savunma-kac-adet-akinci-tiha-teslim-etti/ |access-date=31 August 2021 |publisher=Savunma Sanayi ST}}</ref>
|-
|[[TAI Aksungur]]
|[[File:TAI Aksungur Teknofest2019 (1).jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|{{TUR}}
|UCAV
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Orbats |url=https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/t%C3%BCrkiye/turkish-national-intelligence-organization |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=www.scramble.nl}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="6" |Airplane
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Bombardier Challenger 600 series]]
|[[File:Canadair CL-600-2B16 Challenger 604.jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{CAN}}
| rowspan="2" |ELINT/SIGINT 
|CL-604
| rowspan="2" |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Orbats |url=https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/t%C3%BCrkiye/turkish-national-intelligence-organization |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=www.scramble.nl}}</ref>
|-
|[[File:M-RLIV Canadair Challenger CL.605 (8558392418).jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|CL-605
|-
! colspan="6" |Helicopters
|-
|[[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|S-70 Black Hawk]]
|[[File:Sikorsky S-70i Black Hawk SP-YVC ILA 2012 03.jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|{{USA}}
|ELINT/SIGINT 
|S-70i
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|[[Sikorsky S-76]]
|[[File:N120TN Sikorsky S-76 Helicopter (27855204720).jpg|frameless|180x180px]]
|{{USA}}
|ELINT/SIGINT 
|S-76+
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
! colspan="6" |Naval
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |'''Ships'''
|- valign="top"
|MİLGEM type ship
|
|{{TUR}}
|Intelligence gathering ship.<ref>{{Cite web|last=SABAH|first=DAILY|date=2022-01-14|title='Turkey's eyes, ears at sea': 1st intelligence ship joins naval fleet|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/business/defense/turkeys-eyes-ears-at-sea-1st-intelligence-ship-joins-naval-fleet|access-date=2022-01-16|website=Daily Sabah|language=en-US}}</ref>
|TCG Ufuk (A-591)
|Delivered on 14.01.2022. Overall length of 99.5 meters, 14.4 meters of maximum width, 2,400 tons of displacement, and 3.6 meters of draft. She has a hangar and helicopter deck to accommodate a 10-ton helicopter.
|	
|-
! colspan="6" |Space
|-
! colspan="6" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |'''Satellites'''
|- valign="top"
|Planned future acquisition
|
|{{TUR}}
|Spy satellite
|
|According to the Turkish authorities, the next plan for MIT is the creation of a spy satellite.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KURUNÇ|first=Kamer|date=2022-01-14|title=Turkish Intelligence Thrives With National Defence Products|url=https://www.turkishdefencenews.com/turkish-intelligence-thrives-with-national-defence-products/|website=turkishdefencenews.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|year=2022|title=The Operational Capacity of Turkish Intelligence within the Scope of Use of High-Technology Products|url=https://www.insightturkey.com/articles/the-operational-capacity-of-turkish-intelligence-within-the-scope-of-use-of-high-technology-products|journal=Insight Turkey|language=en-US |last1=Darıcılı |first1=Ali Burak |pages=135–150 |doi=10.25253/99.2022243.9 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* "Bayraktar TB2, Milli İstihbarat Teşkilatı'nın envanterine girdi". takvim.com.tr (in Turkish). Retrieved 26 [[takvim.com.tr]]March 2021.

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book|editor=Ümit Cizre|chapter=18. The National Intelligence Organization|chapter-url=http://www.dcaf.ch/_docs/turkey_almanacen2005/file16.pdf|url=http://www.dcaf.ch/publications/kms/details.cfm?ord279=title&q279=almanac&lng=en&id=26218&nav1=5|title=Almanac Turkey 2005: Security Sector and Democratic Oversight|year=2006|author=Ferhat Ünlü|isbn=978-975-8112-79-1|publisher=[[Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904050328/http://www.dcaf.ch/publications/kms/details.cfm?ord279=title&q279=almanac&lng=en&id=26218&nav1=5|archive-date=2009-09-04}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20090305223626/http://www.dcaf.ch/_docs/turkey_almanactr2005/file16.pdf Turkish])

== External links ==
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{Official website|https://www.mit.gov.tr/eng/index.html}}
* {{Official website|https://www.mit.gov.tr/}} {{in lang|tr}}
* {{Official website|https://www.mit.gov.tr/fra/}} {{in lang|fr}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012074052/http://www.mit.gov.tr/english/pers_sks.html Frequently Asked Questions] about the MİT
{{coord|39|56|30.85|N|32|51|15.60|E|region:TR_type:landmark|display=title}}

{{National Intelligence Agencies}}
{{Law enforcement in Turkey}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Turkish intelligence agencies]]
[[Category:Government agencies of Turkey|Intelligence]]
[[Category:Military of Turkey]]
[[Category:National law enforcement agencies of Turkey]]
[[Category:1965 establishments in Turkey]]