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{{Short description|Naval defence company based in France}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Naval Group
| logo = Naval Group logo.svg
| logo_size = 
| logo_padding = 
| logo_alt = 
| logo_caption = 
| former_name = DCNS
| type = [[S.A. (corporation)|''Société anonyme'']]
| industry = [[Arms Industry|Defence]], [[Shipbuilding]], [[Engineering]]
| predecessor = Direction des Constructions Navales
| founded = {{start date and age|1631}}
| founder = French government under [[Cardinal Richelieu|Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu]]
| hq_location_city = [[Paris]], [[Île-de-France]]
| hq_location_country = [[France]]
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = Pierre-Éric Pommellet ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
| products = [[Warship]]s, shipboard weapons, [[offshore engineering]], [[nuclear engineering]] marine renewable energies
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]4.31 billion<ref name=R2024>{{cite press release |url= https://www.naval-group.com/fr/rapport-annuel-2024 |title=R A P P O R T A N N U E L 2 0 2 4 |access-date=27 March 2025 |work=Naval Group}}</ref>
| revenue_year = 2024
| operating_income = {{decrease}} [[Euro|€]]364 million<ref name=R2024/>
| income_year = 2024
| net_income = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]350 million<ref name=R2024/>
| net_income_year = 2024
| assets = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]7.72 billion<ref name=R2024/>
| assets_year = 2024
| equity = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]1.83 billion<ref name=R2024/>
| equity_year = 2024
| owner = [[Agence des participations de l'État|French state]]: 62.49%<br />[[Thales Group|Thales]]: 35%<br />Company & employees: 2.51%
| num_employees = 15,261<ref name=R2024/>
| num_employees_year = 2024
| footnotes = 
| subsid = Naval Energies, Sirehna, Kership
| homepage = [https://www.naval-group.com www.naval-group.com]
}}

'''Naval Group''' is a French industrial group specialising in [[navy|naval]] [[defense industry|defense]] design, development and [[shipbuilding|construction]]. Its headquarters are located in [[Paris]], France.

Heir to the French naval dockyards initiated in 1631 by [[Cardinal Richelieu]] and to the '''Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales''' (''DCAN''), which became '''Direction des Constructions Navales''' (''DCN'') in 1991 and then '''DCNS''' in 2007, the company was rebranded ''Naval Group'' in 2017. Its two main shareholders are the [[Agence des participations de l'État|French State]] (62.25%) and [[Thales Group]] (35%).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2022 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2022 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>

As of 2024, Naval Group employs 15,261 people across 17 countries.<ref name=R2024/>

==History==
[[File:Champaigne portrait richelieu eb.jpg|thumb|[[Cardinal Richelieu]] (1585-1642), founder]]
Naval Group has a heritage of almost 400 years. Major shipyards were built in France in Brest (1631), Nantes-Indret (1771), Lorient (1778) and, subsequently, Cherbourg (1813). Others were to follow. As early as 1926, what we know as the Naval Group today already had all the facilities now owned by the group in mainland France.

===The birth of the naval dockyards===
In 1624, [[Cardinal Richelieu]], who was King [[Louis XIII]]'s Prime Minister, devised a policy meant to expand France's maritime capabilities. This policy was put into practice from 1631, with the creation of the Ponant fleet in the Atlantic and the [[Levant fleet]] in the Mediterranean, the foundation of the [[Brest, France|Brest]] dockyards as well as the extension of the [[Toulon]] dockyards built under King [[Henry IV of France|Henri IV]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asnom.org/oh/en/0210_historique.php?PHPSESSID=ae629fb09017c051eba6ce41ae8fd119#a|title=ASNOM - Association Amicale Santé Navale et d'Outre Mer|access-date=27 April 2016|archive-date=14 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214193911/http://www.asnom.org/oh/en/0210_historique.php?PHPSESSID=ae629fb09017c051eba6ce41ae8fd119#a|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The policy was continued by Colbert, [[Louis XIV]]'s Navy Minister, who developed several major dockyards. He extended the dockyards in Toulon, ordered the excavation of the docks in Brest and founded the [[Rochefort, Charente-Maritime|Rochefort]] dockyards. His son, [[Seignelay]], who succeeded him in 1683, followed in his footsteps.<ref>[http://www.ecole-navale.fr/History-of-the-French-naval.htm - Extension on the French dockyards]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The French Royal Navy's network of dockyards was further strengthened in the 18th century. In 1750, the Marquis de Montalembert converted a former paper mill into a forge producing cannons at [[Ruelle-sur-Touvre]]. In 1777, [[Antoine de Sartine]], [[Louis XVI]]'s Navy Minister, opened a cannon foundry near the naval shipyards in Indret. In the same year, work started on the development of the port in [[Cherbourg]], which was completed in 1813. In 1778, the [[Lorient]] naval dockyards succeeded ''La Compagnie des Indes du port de L’Orient''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/fr-shipbuilding.htm|title=French Shipbuilding Industry|author=John Pike|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>

The naval dockyards in Rochefort were closed in 1926. In 1937, the establishment in [[Saint-Tropez]] was opened on the former site of the company Schneider, which specialised in torpedoes. By this time, most of the Naval Group's French sites already existed, and they have not changed since then.

===Industrialisation and technical innovations===

During the 19th century, the naval dockyards underwent a transformation as the fleet of sailing ships and were replaced by motorised vessels. The sites were industrialised and gradually specialised. In 1865, the naval dockyards in Brest became exclusively military, with the closure of the [[Penfeld]] port to commercial vessels. In 1898, after specialising in the building of vessels with propellers rather than sails, the shipyards in Cherbourg were tasked exclusively with the construction of submarines. Finally, in 1927, a decree definitively laid out the missions of the various naval dockyards:<ref>Decree of 22 avril 1927 on the Navy's organization, Journal Officiel de la République Française, 1927</ref> Brest and Lorient were tasked with the construction of large vessels, Cherbourg with building submarines, while Toulon, [[Bizerte]] and [[Saigon]] took charge of the maintenance of the fleet.

This rationalisation of the roles of the naval dockyards was accompanied by technical and military innovations and the production of vessels at a higher pace, against the backdrop of an arms race and colonisation. In 1858, {{ship|French ironclad|Gloire||2}}, the first ocean-going battleship in the world sailed out of the dockyards in Toulon. The 1860s saw the arrival of the first torpedo boats and military submarines, with the launch of {{ship|French submarine|Plongeur||2}} in 1863. The technical problems experienced by this first-ever motorised submarine meant that it remained a prototype rather than an operational war vessel. But it did open the way for the construction of {{ship|French submarine|Gymnote|Q1|2}} in 1886 and ''Le Narval'' in 1899, which were the first operational torpedo submarines in history.

The production of heavy surface vessels was also stepped up in the 1910s. Several battleships were built before the start of the [[First World War]], and the fleet was strengthened by the 35,000-ton {{ship|French battleship|Richelieu||2}} in 1939.

===Reorganisation of activities===
In 1946, a review of the French naval dockyards completed the attributions of the various sites announced in the 1927 decree. [[Brest, France|Brest]] was tasked with the production and repair of large vessels, Lorient with the construction of medium-sized vessels, Cherbourg with submarines and Toulon with repairing and maintaining the fleet. Amongst the inland sites, Indret took over the vessel propulsion activities, Ruelle the construction of guns, large parts and electronics, Saint-Tropez the production of torpedoes and [[Guérigny]] the construction of naval chains and anchors. Five sites are located overseas: Mers el-Kébir, Bizerte, [[Dakar]], [[Diego-Suarez]] and [[Papeete]].

Until 1961, the French navy maintained and repaired its fleet itself, through the ''Directions des Constructions et Armes Navales'' (DCAN) in the naval dockyards. The engineers working in the DCANs were officers in the French navy's [[engineering]] division. At this time, the dockyards broke away from the Navy, creating the opportunity for the diversification of their activities in the 1970s.

A single DCAN covered all the mainland and overseas naval dockyards, reporting to the ''Direction Technique des Constructions Navales'' (DTCN). In turn, the DTCN was answerable to the ''Délégation Ministérielle pour l’Armement'' (DMA), set up by [[Michel Debré]]. In 1977, the DMA became the ''[[Direction générale de l'armement|Délégation Générale de l’Armement]]'' (DGA). The purpose of this reform was to centralise all the armed forces' design and construction capacities in a single inter-armed forces delegation operating under the government's authority.<ref>Yves FREVILLE, "La réorganisation du MCO et la création du service de soutien de la flotte", Information report by the French Senate n°426, 2005</ref>

In 1958, the official launch by [[General de Gaulle]] of the French military nuclear programme and deterrent policy prompted the restructuring of the defence industry and defence technology.

The Cœlacanthe project brought together the DTCN and the [[French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission]], and in 1971, {{ship|French submarine|Redoutable|S611|2}}, the first French missile-launching nuclear submarine, came into service.

===Transformation into a company===
The international economic climate and decolonisation in the 1970s lead the DCAN to venture into new markets. The loss of the overseas naval dockyards was compounded by the [[French Navy]]'s reduced need for vessels and the increased difficulty in obtaining funding. This trend gathered more pace after the end of the [[Cold War]], despite the diversification of the DCAN activities, which now included maintaining the electric power network and clearing mines from the coastline. Some sites also specialised in civilian projects: Brest built trucks, Guérigny made agricultural machinery and Toulon produced civilian vessels (yachts, liners).

But, looking beyond the order books, it was the public status of the DCAN that was gradually called into question, and it came to be considered as an administrative obstacle to the development of the potential of France's naval dockyards.

This transformation occurred in several stages. In 1991, the DCAN was christened the DCN (Direction des Construction Navales). In the same year, DCN International was created. The mission of this PLC was to promote the activities of the DCN on an international scale and to facilitate the export of its products.

In 1992, the DCN's activities for the state were attached to the Naval Programmes department (SPN), which was the contracting authority for vessels for the French navy. Since then, the DCN has only been responsible for industrial activities, while remaining part of the DGA. This change of status has allowed DCN International to provide the DCN with commercial and legal support in the development of its international trade since the end of the 1990s.

The development strategy pursued by DCN International resulted in the signing of several major contracts. In 1994, three {{sclass|Agosta|submarine|0}} submarines were delivered to Pakistan, and, in 1997, two {{sclass2|Scorpène|submarine|1}}s were built for Chile. A contract was also won in 2000 to supply six {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|1}}s to Singapore. In 2007, a contract was signed with Malaysia for two Scorpène submarines, through the subsidiary Armaris.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/france-submarine-import-and-export-behavior/|title=France Submarine Import and Export Behavior - NTI|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>

The DCN has also won contracts in the field of off-shore drilling for oil. In 1997, the Brest site modernised the Sedco 707 platform and now builds SFX type oil rigs.<ref>[http://www.offshore-mag.com/articles/print/volume-58/issue-5/news/special-report/global-developments-spur-french-contracting-business.html - Global developments spur French contracting business, 1998]</ref>

In 1999, the DCN became an agency with national authority (SCN), reporting directly to the Ministry of Defence. Finally, in 2001, the French government decided to transform the DCN into a fully state-owned private limited company. The change of status came into effect in 2003. The DCN became just DCN, which no longer stood for ''Direction des Constructions Navales''.

===The development and continuation of the DCNS group===
[[File:Dcns quadri.jpg|thumb|DCNS Logo from 2007 to 2017]]
In 2007, DCN acquired the French naval activities branch of [[Thales Group|Thales]], Armaris, a former subsidiary that was equally shared between DCN and Thales, and MOPA2, the company in charge of the project to build a second aircraft carrier. To stress its new identity, the resulting group was named DCNS. Thales acquired a 25% stake in the group's capital. In 2011, Thales increased its share of DCNS' capital to 35%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-World-Defence-Industry/DCNS-France.html|title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref>

Construction of the stealthy multi-function frigates ([[FREMM]]) started in 2007. In 2008, an aerial [[Unmanned aerial vehicle|drone]] landed on the deck of a frigate at sea for the first time in history. In 2013, the group set up DCNS Research to promote its research activities. DCNS India, today Naval Group India was founded in 2008, thanks to two contracts signed in 2005 and 2008 for the delivery of six conventional Scorpène-class submarines. Similarly, in 2013, a submarine construction site was opened in Brazil. The group created the DCNS University in 2013 to deliver internal and external training.

On 28 June 2017, DCNS changed its name to Naval Group.

==Activities==
Naval Group's activities can be broken down into two main sectors: naval defence, the group's historical core business (ships, [[submarines]], operational readiness management of the forces). In 2021, Naval Group stops its activities in the area of maritime renewable energy.

Naval Group designs, develops and manages the operational readiness of surface and underwater naval systems, and their associated systems and infrastructures. As a project manager and integrator of armed vessels, Naval Group intervenes all along the value chain, from strategic programme planning, to design, construction and the management of operational readiness.

The group works with the [[French navy]] and other navies, for conventional products, and with the authorisation of the French government. It also offers its military expertise to the [[French Air Force]] to design automated navigation and combat systems, and to renovate aircraft.

=== Surface naval systems ===
* Aircraft carriers: {{ship|French aircraft carrier|Charles de Gaulle}}, [[Future French aircraft carrier]] 
* Helicopter carriers: {{sclass|Mistral|amphibious assault ship|0}} LHD
* Multi-mission frigates: [[FREMM]]-class frigates & [[Frégate de défense et d'intervention]]-class frigates (planned);<ref name="defense">{{cite web |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/equipement/naval/les-fregates-de-defense-et-intervention-fdi |title=Les frégates de défense et intervention (FDI) |work=https://defense.gouv.fr |date=6 April 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> [[La Fayette-class frigate]]
* Multi-mission frigates: Design of [[Second Generation Patrol Vessel]] for the [[Royal Malaysian Navy]], based on the {{sclass2|Gowind|corvette}}
* Air defence frigates: {{sclass2|Horizon|frigate}}s
* Medium-tonnage vessels: {{sclass2|Gowind|corvette}}s 
* Construction of aerial [[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|drones]] for the navy

{{gallery
|File:Aircraft fly over the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle (R91) in the Red Sea on 15 April 2019 (190415-N-KN684-0651).JPG|French nuclear aircraft carrier [[French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle|Charles De Gaulle]]
|File:PANG illustration 003.jpg|Future French aircraft carrier [[Future French aircraft carrier|PANG]] 
|File:FREMM Alsace-MVI 9214 06.jpg|Multi-mission frigates [[FREMM multipurpose frigate|FREMM]]
|File:French destroyer Forbin (D620) underway in the Arabian Sea on 31 May 2009 (090531-N-9988F-406).jpg|Air defence destroyers [[Horizon-class frigate|Horizon]]
|File:Frégate FDI à Lorient.jpg|Defence and intervention frigate [[Defence and intervention frigate|FDI]]
|File:BPC Dixmude.jpg|Helicopter carriers [[Mistral-class landing helicopter dock|Mistral]]    
|File:ENS El Fateh Aug 2022 (cropped).jpg|Corvettes and offshore patrol vessels [[Gowind-class design|GOWIND]]
}}

=== Submarines and underwater weapons ===
* Conventional submarines: {{sclass2|Scorpène|submarine|4}}, {{sclass2|Andrasta|submarine|4}} and {{sclass2|Attack|submarine|4}}
* Nuclear submarines: ballistic missile nuclear submarines {{sclass|Triomphant|submarine|4}} and {{sclass|Redoutable|submarine (1967)|4}}
* Nuclear submarines: nuclear attack submarines {{sclass|Rubis|submarine|4}} and [[French Barracuda-class submarine|Barracuda class]]
* Hybrid concepts: the company's ''Sous-Marin Experimental'' (SMX) series explores advanced concepts for submarine warfare.<ref>
{{cite web
 | url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/smx.htm
 | title = SMX - Sous-Marine Experimental
 | last = Pike
 | first = John
 | date = 5 April 2017
 | website = GlobalSecurity.org
 | access-date =2017-04-18
 }}</ref> One in the series—the SMX-25—was designed to arrive in theatre rapidly through high surface speed and then operate as normal underwater.<ref>
{{Citation
 | first = Victor M.S.
 | last = Barreira
 | editor-last = Verma
 | editor-first = Bharat
 | contribution = Developments in French Naval Industry
 | title = Indian Defense Review
 | year = 2011
 | pages = 188
 | publisher = Lancer
 | contribution-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eczx0ZixNLEC&q=%22SMX-25%22+-mg&pg=PA70
 | isbn= 9788170621829 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation
 | last = Ryabov
 | first = Kirill
 | title = Французские корабли будущего: SMX-25 и ADVANSEA (French ships of the future: SMX-25 and ADVANSEA)
 | journal = Армейский Вестник (Army Newsletter)
 | date = 10 January 2012
 | language = ru
 | url = http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/
 | access-date = 18 April 2017
 | archive-date = 24 March 2013
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130324112619/http://army-news.ru/2012/01/francuzskie-korabli-budushhego-smx-25-i-advansea/
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
* Suffren class: Nuclear submarines: nuclear attack submarines Rubis class and Barracuda class: [[Barracuda-class submarine (France)|Barracuda (class Suffren)]]
* [[F21 (torpedo)|F21]] heavy-weight torpedoes
* [[MU90 Impact|MU90]] light-weight torpedoes

===Energy and marine infrastructures===
The group collaborates with [[Électricité de France|EDF]]{{clarify|date=September 2014}}, the [[Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives|CEA]] and [[AREVA]] in the construction of EPR power plants and the maintenance of nuclear power plants. Naval Group also builds thermal electric power plants and naval bases. The group designed the electric power plants in Mayotte, La Réunion and Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Since 2008, they have been studying a concept of a small [[nuclear power plant]] (50 to 250 MWe) named [[Flexblue]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html |title=Le réacteur sous-marin, nouveau fleuron de l'industrie nucléaire française? - LeMonde.fr |website=www.lemonde.fr |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131022956/http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html |archive-date=31 January 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The project was put on hold in 2014.

Naval Group was investing in four renewable marine technologies: wave energy, marine current turbines, ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), and floating wind turbines. Naval created Naval Energies in 2017. Since it gained control of the Irish company OpenHydro in 2013, Naval Group has been able to progress from the research and development phase to industrial production.<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|title= DCNS prend le contrôle d'Openhydro|work= Mer et Marine|year = 2013|url= http://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/dcns-prend-le-controle-dopenhydro}}</ref> In 2021, Naval Group stopped the Naval Energies activities.

==Organisation==
Naval Group is a private limited company in which the [[France|French state]] holds a 62.49% stake. The Thales groups holds 35% of the capital, and the remaining 2.51% is made up of company and employee [[shareholdings|shares]]. At the end of 2016, Naval Group employed 12,771 people, more than half of whom are private sector workers, while the other half are [[public sector]] workers. The group is present in 18 countries and has entered several partnerships outside France through its subsidiaries and joint ventures. Sites:

=== In France ===
Naval Group operates 10 sites in France. Each site is specialised in a particular activity.

* Bagneux: information and surveillance systems
* Brest: services, operational readiness of vessels and submarines, maintenance of the Navy's industrial port infrastructures, renewable marine energies. The site is located in the Brest dockyards, on the Froutven zone and on the [[Île Longue]]. It is a stakeholder in ''Pôle Mer Bretagne''.
* Cherbourg: production of submarines
* Toulon-Ollioules: information and surveillance systems
* Lorient: surface naval defence systems
* Nantes-Indret and Technocampus Ocean: submarines, research and development, nuclear propulsion. Co-founder of the [[EMC Corporation|EMC]] centre of excellence
* Paris: head office of the group
* Ruelle-sur-Touvre: submarines, automated systems, simulators, training
* Saint-Tropez: underwater weapons (torpedoes)
* Toulon: services, maintenance of submarines and the Charles de Gaulle aircraft carrier

=== Worldwide ===
Naval Group owns representative offices in Australia, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Chile, the United Arab Emirates, Greece, India, Indonesia, Malaysia. The group is also represented all over the world by its subsidiaries and joint ventures, which are wholly owned or operated in association with other companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armement.ead-minerve.fr/index.php/8-industries/37-dcns|title=DCNS|author=Astrid APERT|access-date=27 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006074115/http://www.armement.ead-minerve.fr/index.php/8-industries/37-dcns|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Europe-Middle East ====
*France: 
**Sirehna, a 100% owned subsidiary: naval hydrodynamics, navigation solutions{{clarify|date=May 2024}} for ships and landing solutions{{clarify|date=May 2024}} for marine, land or aerial vehicles and drones
**Défense Environnement Services, a 49%-owned subsidiary, in partnership with Veolia Environnement: multi-service infrastructures{{clarify|date=September 2018}}
**Kership, a 45%-owned partnership, with Piriou: medium-tonnage vessels for the French state
* The Netherlands:
**Naval Group BV Den Haag, Naval Group Far East is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
*Belgium:
**Naval Group Belgium is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.
*Ireland: 
**OpenHydro, a 62% owned subsidiary of Naval Energies: marine current turbines{{clarify|date=September 2018}}
*Saudi Arabia:
**Naval Group Support, a 100% owned subsidiary: assistance for the Naval Group group's operational readiness missions{{clarify|date=September 2018}}

==== Africa ====
* Egypt: Naval Group Alexandria is a wholly owned subsidiary of Naval Group.

==== Asia-Pacific ====

* Australia
**Naval Group Australia, a 100% owned subsidiary: awarded SEA1000 contract in 2016 as DCNS Australia by the [[Government of Australia|Australian Government]]. Responsible for the design of [[Attack-class submarine|twelve future submarines]] for the [[Royal Australian Navy]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=History - DCNS Australia |url=http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204073921/http://dcnsgroup.com.au/who-we-are/history/ |archive-date=2015-12-04 |access-date=2017-03-04 |work=DCNS Australia |language=en-US}}</ref> The contract was cancelled in September 2021.
*India:
**Naval Group India, a 100% owned subsidiary: support for technical and research activities in the local naval shipyards
*Malaysia:
**Naval Group Malaysia, a 100% owned subsidiary: assistance for the Naval Group in its local activities
**Boustead Naval Group Naval Company, a 40% owned subsidiary, in partnership with Boustead: operational readiness of submarines
*Singapore:
**Naval Group Far East, a 100% owned subsidiary: logistics and maintenance for naval and air and sea systems<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-09-16/australia-nuclear-submarine-partnership-us-uk/100465814 |title=Australia to acquire nuclear submarine fleet as part of historic partnership with US and UK to counter China's influence |first1=Greg |last1=Jennett |first2=Jake |last2=Evans |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=16 September 2021 |access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref>

==== Americas ====
*Brazil: 
**Naval Group do Brasil, a 100% owned subsidiary: the group's sales office in Brazil
**Prosin, a 100% owned subsidiary of Naval Group do Brasil: The responsibility for naval systems engineering in Brazil
**[[Itaguaí Construções Navais]], a 41% owned subsidiary, in partnership with [[Brazilian Government]]: construction of submarines as part of the contract signed by DCNS with the [[Brazilian Navy]].
*Canada:
**Naval Group Technologies Canada Inc, a 100% owned subsidiary: the group's sales office in Canada

===Governance===
*Chairman and CEO: Pierre Eric Pommellet
*Senior Executive Vice President, Development: Alain Guillou
*Senior Executive Vice President, Finance, Legal & Purchasing: Frank Le Rebeller

=== Financial data ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! 2012 !! 2013 !! 2019<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2019 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2019 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>!! 2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2020 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2020 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
!2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Financial report 2021 |url=https://www.naval-group.com/en/financial-report-2021 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Naval Group |language=en}}</ref>
!2022<ref name=":0" />
|-
| Turnover (billion €) || 3.36 || 2.93 || 3.6 || 3.3
|4.0
|4.0
|-
| Firm orders (billion €) || 2.53 || 2.27 || 5.3 || 3.4
|3.0
|5.6
|-
| Order book (billion €) || 14.46 || 13.22 || 15.01 || 15.2
|14.0
|15.3
|-
| Operating profit (million €) || 208.5 || 166.4 || 261.6 || 3.3
|232.7
|96.8
|-
| Net profit (million €)|| 163.7 || 104.1 || 145.2 || -56.3
|192.5
|327.8
|}

== Controversies ==

=== Karachi affair ===
{{Main|Karachi affair}}

The  '''Karachi affair''' ([[French language|French]]: ''affaire Karachi'') was a major [[Scandal|military scandal]] that took place in the second administration of [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Benazir Bhutto]], involving the [[Fifth French Republic|presidencies]] of [[François Mitterrand]] and [[Jacques Chirac]] in 1992–97. The scandal involved the payment of massive [[Commission (remuneration)|commissions]] and [[Kickback (bribery)|kickbacks]] between [[France]] and [[Pakistan]] over the negotiations to acquire  [[Agosta 90B class submarine|''Agosta'' 90B-class submarines]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=PPP govt, not Navy, purchased French subs, in a deal |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/617254-ppp-govt,-not-navy,-purchased-french-subs,-in-a-deal |access-date=2025-03-06 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en}}</ref>

=== Taiwan frigate scandal ===
{{Main|Taiwan frigate scandal}}

The DCN / DCNS plays a major role in "one of France's biggest political and financial scandals of the last generation [that left] a trail of eight unexplained deaths, nearly half a billion dollars in missing cash and troubling allegations of government complicity" connected to a [[Kang Ding-class frigate|sale of warships to Taiwan]] in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Hugh |last=Schofield |author-link=Hugh Schofield |url=http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3244148.stm |title=Book delves into frigate scandal |date=1 December 2003 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=29 January 2015 |archive-date=14 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714070546/http://newsvote.bbc.co.uk/mpapps/pagetools/print/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3244148.stm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Apart from the issues surrounding the sale of ships to Taiwan mentioned above, French prosecutors started investigating a wide range of corruption charges in 2010 involving different submarine sales, with possible bribery and kickbacks to top officials in France. In particular interest by the prosecutors are sales of Scorpène-class submarines to countries like India and Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2406&Itemid=178 |title=Asia Sentinel - Malaysia's Submarine Scandal Surfaces in France |access-date=12 December 2011 |archive-date=6 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706041353/http://www.asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2406&Itemid=178 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Malaysia ===
[[File:Tun Razak.JPG|thumbnail|Scorpène-class submarine before delivery to Malaysia]]

The investigation in Malaysia has been prompted by human rights group [[Suaram]] as it involved Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]] when he was defence minister and his friend [[Abdul Razak Baginda]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=French legal team in Malaysia to probe sub deal |date=28 April 2010 |url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/fmt-english/news/general/4993-french-legal-team-in-malaysia-to-probe-sub-deal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501133515/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/fmt-english/news/general/4993-french-legal-team-in-malaysia-to-probe-sub-deal |archive-date=1 May 2010 |quote=The submarine deal was crafted during the tenure of the then-Defence Minister Najib Tun Razak, now prime minister, in 2002. As a result of the pact, RM3.7 billion in commission went to Najib's closest associate Abdul Razak Baginda.}}</ref> whose company Primekar was alleged to be paid a huge commission during the purchase of two Scorpène submarines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/french-news/france-probes-corruption-in-arms-to-malaysia_63153.html|title=France probes corruption in arms to Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|archive-date=14 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010745/http://www.expatica.com/fr/news/french-news/france-probes-corruption-in-arms-to-malaysia_63153.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> French investigators are interested in the fact that Primekar was formed only a few months before the contract was signed with the Malaysian government and DCNS and that Primekar had no track record in servicing submarines and did not have the financial capability to support the contract.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100502155035/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9FC4QF00.htm Malaysians allege graft in French submarine deal - BusinessWeek]</ref> Investigations have also revealed that a Hong Kong-based company called Terasasi Ltd in which the directors are Razak Baginda and his father, sold classified Malaysian navy defence documents to DCNS.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/razak-bagindas-firm-sold-malaysian-naval-secrets-to-french-says-lawyer|title=Thank You Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064208/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/razak-bagindas-firm-sold-malaysian-naval-secrets-to-french-says-lawyer|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> Also under scrutiny are allegations of extortion and the [[murder of Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa]], a translator who worked on the deal.<ref>{{cite news |title=French judges begins bribery probe |date=7 May 2012 |work=[[Vancouver Sun]] |url=https://vancouversun.com/business/French+judges+begins+bribery+probe/6576987/story.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032843/http://www.vancouversun.com/business/French+judges+begins+bribery+probe/6576987/story.html }}</ref>

On 15 December 2015, French courts indicted Bernard Baiocco, former president of Thales International Asia for paying kickbacks to Abdul Razak Baginda. At the same time director of shipbuilder DCN International was indicted for misuse of corporate assets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|title=Thank You Malaysia|access-date=27 April 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303074709/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/french-court-indicts-duo-linked-to-scorpene-kickbacks-says-report|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/highlight/2016/01/29/scorpene-scandal-resurfaces-suaram-vindicated/|title=Scorpene scandal resurfaces, Suaram vindicated|work=Free Malaysia Today|date=29 January 2016|access-date=27 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=France opens probe into 'bribery' of Malaysia's Najib Razak |date=4 February 2016 |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/fab19252-ca85-11e5-be0b-b7ece4e953a0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Contract-winning French sub builder DCNS tied up in deadly Malaysian bribery saga |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=23 May 2016 |url=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/contractwinning-french-sub-builder-dcns-tied-up-in-deadly-malaysian-bribery-saga-20160522-gp17ce.html }}</ref>

=== Indian Navy data leak ===
On 24 August 2016, it was reported by the newspaper ''[[The Australian]]'' that a 22,000-page report leak has taken place regarding the unrelated Scorpène-class submarine currently being built by India as a part of a 3.5 billion dollar deal. The suspected leak of sensitive information for the Scorpène was claimed to contain information regarding stealth, sensors, the noise level of the submarine at different sea depths, acoustic information and more.<ref>{{cite news |title=Over 20,000 pages of top-secret data about India's mega submarine project leaked, says The Australian |work=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |date=23 August 2016 |url=http://qz.com/764665/764665/ }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[Indian Navy]] passed the blame for the data leak onto unnamed overseas sources, possibly from the hacking of sensitive data.<ref>{{cite news |title='A Case of Hacking': Parrikar on Indian Navy's Submarine Data Leak |date=23 August 2016 |url=https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/08/24/case-of-hacking-manohar-parrikar-defence-minister-on-classified-scorpene-class-submarine-data-leak-indian-navy-dcns.amp |access-date=24 August 2016 |archive-date=26 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826094437/https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/08/24/case-of-hacking-manohar-parrikar-defence-minister-on-classified-scorpene-class-submarine-data-leak-indian-navy-dcns.amp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Naval Group filed a complaint against the newspaper with the Supreme Court of the State of New South Wales in Australia for having illegally published documents containing old technical information about the Scorpene. The Australian court ruled in favour of Naval Group on 29 August and confirmed its decision on 1 September.

==Communication==
Naval Group operates several programmes to promote training and professional integration. The group has signed the ''Pacte PME'', which fosters relations between large companies and smaller enterprises and sets up partnerships with leading universities and academic institutions. Between 2006 and 2013, DCNS organised the ''Trophée Poséidon'' for students in engineering schools, which rewarded student projects in the fields of innovation and the maritime environment.

Between 2008 and 2014, Naval Group also ran a professional integration programme for both persons with technical qualifications and persons without any qualifications, called the ''Filières du Talent''. In 2010, this programme was rewarded by the ''Trophée national 2010 de l’entreprise citoyenne''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2010 |title=DCNS reçoit le Trophée National de l'Entreprise Citoyenne |url=http://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/dcns-recoit-le-trophee-national-de-lentreprise-citoyenne |access-date=2014-09-18 |work=Mer et Marine |language=fr}}</ref>

DCNS has also been involved in the world of yachting for many years by sharing its technologies and through its sponsoring and mentoring activities. The group is a partner of the ''Grand-Prix de l'[[École Navale]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Partners |url=http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065648/http://www.gpen.fr/en/partners-pxl-23.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=2014-09-18 |work=GPEN}}</ref> a regatta that has been held near the Crozon peninsula since 2001. It has also been a partner of the ''Pôle France Voile'' in Brest since 2007, and works for the professional integration of former sportsmen and sportswomen.

In 2008, DCNS built the single-hull DCNS 1000, a yacht designed for round-the-world races, which featured in the 2013 film ''En Solitaire'', by Christophe Offenstein, starring [[François Cluzet]].

Today, Naval Group also shared its technical expertise in composites for hulls and in navigation systems by building the experimental trimaran ''L'[[Hydroptère]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=l'Hydroptère DCNS Hydrofoil Sailboat |url=http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/lhydroptre-dcns-hydrofoil-sailboat/ |access-date=2014-09-18 |work=Ship Technology |language=fr}}</ref> and it partnered with the [[Areva Challenge]] team that took part in the [[America's Cup]] in 2007. 
The Naval Group industrial site in Toulon has been a partner of [[RC Toulonnais|Toulon rugby club]] since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Partenariat DCNS |url=http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924042117/http://www.rctoulon.com/fr/news/article/partenariat-dcns/ |archive-date=24 September 2014 |access-date=2014-09-18 |work=RC Toulon |language=fr}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* On the corruption scandal involving Taiwan: {{cite book |title=Taïwan connection |last=Jean-Pierre |first=Thierry |year=2003 |publisher=[[Éditions Robert Laffont|Robert Laffont]] |isbn=978-2-221-10082-0 |language=fr}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.naval-group.com}}

{{Thales Group}}
{{Nuclear power in France}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Shipbuilding companies of France]]
[[Category:Defence companies of France]]
[[Category:Military articles needing translation from French Wikipedia]]
[[Category:Companies based in Paris]]
[[Category:French brands]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of France]]
[[Category:Submarine builders]]
[[Category:1631 establishments in France]]