View source for Necklace

{{Short description|Jewellery worn around the neck}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=December 2017}}
{{Globalize|article|Europe|date=November 2017}}
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[[File:Dasaneh girls.JPG|thumb|upright=1.35|[[Daasanach people|Daasanach]] girls wearing necklaces]]
A '''necklace''' is an article of [[jewellery]] that is worn around the [[neck]]. Necklaces may have been one of the earliest types of adornment worn by humans.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Davenport |first=Cyril |year=1902 |title=Journal of the Society for Arts, Vol. 50, no. 2595 |jstor=41335652 |journal=The Journal of the Society of Arts |volume=50 |issue=2595 |pages=769–780}}</ref> They often serve [[Ceremony|ceremonial]], [[Religion|religious]], [[magic (illusion)|magical]], or [[Funerary art|funerary]] purposes and are also used as symbols of wealth and status, given that they are commonly made of precious metals and stones.

The main component of a necklace is the band, [[jewellery chain|chain]], or cord that wraps around the neck. These are most often rendered in precious metals such as [[gold]], [[silver]], and platinum. Necklaces often have additional attachments suspended or inset into the necklace itself. These attachments typically include pendants, lockets, amulets, crosses, and precious and semiprecious materials such as [[diamond]], [[pearl]]s, [[Ruby|rubies]], [[emerald]]s, [[garnet]]s, and [[sapphire]]s. They are made with many different type of materials and are used for many things and sometimes classified as clothing.

== Historical necklaces ==
[[File:Neolithic talc necklace - PRE.2009.0.237.1.IMG 1833-black.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Neolithic Talc Necklace]]

=== Prehistoric neckware ===
Prehistoric peoples often used natural materials such as feathers, bone, shells, and plant materials to create necklaces. Evidence of early [[Upper Paleolithic]] necklace making in southern Africa and east Africa dates back to 50,000 [[Before Present|BP]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=McKie |first=McKie |date=16 January 2022 |title=Trail of African bling reveals 50,000-year-old social network |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/jan/16/trail-of-african-bling-reveals-50000-year-old-social-network |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116075302/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/jan/16/trail-of-african-bling-reveals-50000-year-old-social-network |archive-date=16 January 2022 |access-date=16 January 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> By the [[Bronze Age]] metallic jewellery had replaced pre-metallic adornments.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Primitive and Folk Jewelry |last=Gerlach |first=Martin |publisher=Dover Publications |year=1971 |isbn=0-486-22747-2 |location=New York}}</ref> Necklaces were first depicted in statuary and art of the [[Ancient Near East]], and early necklaces made of precious metals with inset stones were created in Europe.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" />

=== Ancient civilizations ===
[[File:Broad Collar of Wah MET DP307898.jpg|thumb|Broad collar beaded Egyptian necklace of the 12th dynasty official Wah from his Theban tomb]]

In [[Ancient Mesopotamia]], [[cylinder seals]] were often strung and worn as jewellery.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/41.160.192/ |title=Cylinder seal and modern impression: hunting scene {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> In [[Ancient Babylon]], necklaces were made of [[carnelian]], [[lapis lazuli]], [[agate]], and [[gold]], which was also made into gold [[chain]]s.<ref name="Tait 1986">{{Cite book |title=Jewelry: 7,000 Years |last=Tait |first=Hugh |publisher=Abradale Press |year=1986 |isbn=0-8109-8103-3 |location=New York}}</ref> [[Sumer|Ancient Sumerians]] created necklaces and beads from gold, silver, lapis lazuli and carnelian.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> In [[Ancient Egypt]], a number of different necklace types were worn. Upper-class Ancient Egyptians wore [[collar (clothing)|collars]] of organic or semi-precious and precious materials for religious, celebratory, and funerary purposes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/12.183.16/ |title=Model collar of Hapiankhtifi {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> These collars were often ornamented with semi-precious, glass, pottery, and hollow beads.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> [[Beads]] made from a variety of precious and semi-precious materials were also commonly strung together to create necklaces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/40.3.17/ |title=Necklace of Gold Ball Beads {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> Gold that was fashioned into stylised plant, animal, and insect shapes were common as well. [[Amulet]]s were also turned into necklaces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Egyptian Amulets Essay Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The Metropolitan Museum of Art |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/egam/hd_egam.htm |archive-date= |access-date=7 November 2017 |website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History}}</ref> In [[Ancient Crete]] necklaces were worn by all classes; peasants wore stones on flax thread while the wealthy wore beads of agate, [[pearl]], carnelian, [[amethyst]], and [[quartz|rock crystal]].<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Pendants shaped into birds, animals, and humans were also worn, in addition to paste beads.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" />
[[File:Greek - Necklace with Butterfly Pendant - Walters 57386.jpg|thumb|A polychromatic Greek necklace with butterfly Krishna Roy pendant|left]] In [[Ancient Greece]], delicately made gold necklaces created with [[Repoussé and chasing|repoussé]] and plaited gold wires were worn.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Most often these necklaces were ornamented with blue or green enameled rosettes, animal shapes, or vase-shaped [[pendant]]s that were often detailed with fringes.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> It was also common to wear long gold chains with suspended [[Cameo (carving)|cameos]] and small containers of perfume.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> New elements were introduced in the [[Hellenistic period]]; colored stones allowed for poly-chromatic pieces, and animal-head [[finial]]s and spear-like or bud shaped pendants were hung from chains.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> [[Etruscan civilization|Ancient Etruscans]] used [[Granulation (jewellery)|granulation]] to create granulated gold beads which were strung with glass and faience beads to create colorful necklaces.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> In [[Ancient Rome]] necklaces were among the many types of [[jewellery]] worn by the Roman elite. [[Gold]] and [[silver]] necklaces were often ornamented with foreign and semi-precious objects such as [[amber]], [[pearl]], [[amethyst]], [[sapphire]], and [[diamond]].<ref name="The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History 2017">{{Cite web |title=Luxury Arts of Rome {{!}} Essay {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/luxu/hd_luxu.htm |access-date=7 November 2017 |website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History}}</ref> In addition, ropes of pearls, gold plates inset with enamel, and lustrous stones set in gold filigree were often worn.<ref name="Bigelow 1979">{{Cite book |title=Fashion in History |last=Bigelow |first=Marybelle |publisher=Burgess Publishing Company |year=1979 |isbn=0-8087-2800-8 |location=Minneapolis, Minnesota |url=https://archive.org/details/fashioninhistory0000bige}}</ref> Many large necklaces and the materials that adorned the necklaces were imported from the [[Ancient Near East|Near East.]]
[[File:Necklace with Pendant Cross MET 40502.jpg|thumb|Byzantine Christian [[cross necklace]] | 185x185px]] Later in the empire, following [[barbarian]] invasions, colorful and gaudy jewellery became popular.<ref name="The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History 2017" /> In the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine era]], ropes of pearls and embossed gold chains were most often worn, but new techniques such as the use of [[niello]] allowed for necklaces with brighter, more predominant [[gemstone]]s.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> The Early Byzantine Era also saw a shift to distinctly [[Christianity|Christian]] jewellery which displayed the new Christian iconography.<ref name="Tait 1986" />

=== Timeline of non-classical European necklaces ===
'''2000 BC – AD 400''': Bronze amulets embossed with coral were common.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> In [[Celts|Celtic]] and [[Gauls|Gallic]] Europe, the most popular necklace was the heavy metal [[torc]], made most often out of bronze, but sometimes out of silver, gold, or glass or amber beads.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> [[File:Torque à tampons Somme-Suippe Musée Saint-Remi 120208.jpg|thumb|[[Bronze]] 4th-century&nbsp;BC buffer-type torc from France|left]]

'''AD 400 – 1300''': Early European [[barbarian]] groups favored wide, intricate gold collars not unlike the torc.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969">{{Cite book |title=Jewelry Through the Ages |last=Gregorietti |first=Guido |publisher=American Heritage |year=1969 |isbn=0-8281-0007-1 |location=New York |url=https://archive.org/details/jewelrythroughag00greg}}</ref> [[Germanic peoples|Germanic tribes]] often wore gold and silver pieces with complex detailing and inlaid with colored glass and semi-precious stones, especially garnet.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian groups worked mainly in silver, due to a deficit of gold, and wrought patterns and animal forms into neck-rings. In the [[Gothic period]] necklaces were uncommon, though there are a few records of diamond, ruby, and pearl necklaces.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> It was not until the adoption of lower necklines later in the [[Middle Ages]] that necklaces became common.

'''1400–1500''': During the [[Renaissance]] it was fashionable for men to wear a number of chains, plaques, and pendants around their necks, and by the end of the 15th century the wealthiest men would wear great, shoulder covering collars inlaid with gems.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Women typically wore simpler pieces, such as gold chains, or strung beads or pearls.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> By the end of the period, larger, more heavily adorned pieces were common among the wealthy, particularly in Italy.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" />

'''1500–1600''': Long pearl ropes and chains with precious stones were commonly worn.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> In the latter half of the century, natural adornments, such as coral and pearl, were joined with enamel and metals to create intricate pendants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1982.60.378/ |title=Pendant in the Form of Neptune and a Sea Monster {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref> Heavily jeweled, delicately framed cameo pendants were popular as well.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> [[Choker]]s, last worn commonly in [[Ancient history|antiquity]], also made a resurgence at this time.<ref name="Tait 1986" />

'''1600–1700:''' Few men in the [[Baroque]] period wore jewellery, and for women necklaces were unsophisticated, often a simple strand of pearls or delicately linked and embellished strands of metal with small stones.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /><ref name="Tait 1986" /> Later in the century, after the invention of new diamond cutting techniques, priority was for the first time given to the jewels themselves, not their settings; it was common for jewels to be pinned to black velvet ribbons.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> Miniatures also grew in popularity, and were often made into [[portrait]] pendants or [[locket]]s.<ref name="Tait 1986" />

'''1700–1800:''' Portrait pendants were still worn, and in extravagantly jeweled settings.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> The newly wealthy [[bourgeoisie]] delighted in jewellery, and the new imitation stones and imitation gold allowed them more access to the necklaces of the time.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> In the early part of the century, the dominant styles were a velvet ribbon with suspended pendants and the [[Rivière (jewellery)|rivière necklace]], a single row of large precious stones.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> By mid-century colorful, whimsical necklaces made of real and imitation gems were popular, and the end of the century saw a neo-Classical resurgence.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> In the [[Age of Enlightenment]] gowns often featured a neck ruffle which women accented with neck ribbons rather than traditional necklaces, but some women did wear [[choker]]s inlaid with rubies and diamonds.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Seed pearls were introduced to the United States during the [[Federalist Era]], leading to an increase in lacy pearl necklaces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/2003.350.2/ |title=Necklace {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=9 November 2017}}</ref>

'''1800–1870:''' The low necklines of the [[Court dress|court gowns]] fashionable at this time led to the use of large necklaces set with precious jewels.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> In [[Napoleon]]'s court that ancient Greek style was fashionable, and women wore strands of pearls or gold chains with cameos and jewels.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/40.20.55a-c/ |title=Parure: tiara, necklace, and brooch {{!}} Luigi Saulini, John Gibson {{!}} 40.20.55a-c {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|website=The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref> In the [[Romantic period]] necklaces were extravagant: it was fashionable to wear a tight, gem-encrusted collar with matching jewel pendants attached and rosettes of gems with pearl borders.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> It was also common to wear jeweled [[brooches]] attached to neck ribbons.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Some necklaces were made to be dismantled and reconfigured into a shorter necklace, [https://www.anuradhaartjewellery.com/blog/gauhar-khan-wedding-look-out-amazing-jewellery-costume-inspiration/ brooches], and a bracelet.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> Highly embellished Gothic style necklaces from England reflected the crenelations, vertical lines and high relief of the cathedrals.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /> [[Eugénie de Montijo|Empress Eugénie]] popularised bare [[décolletage]] with multiple necklaces on the throat, shoulders, and bosom.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> There was also an interest in antiquity; mosaic jewellery and Roman and Greek necklaces were reproduced.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> Machine-made jewellery and electroplating allowed for an influx of inexpensive imitation necklaces.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" />

'''1870–1910:''' The [[Edwardian era]] saw a resurgence of pearl necklaces, in addition to a dog-collar style of necklace made of gold or platinum with inset diamonds, emeralds, or rubies.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> The [[Art Nouveau]] movement inspired symbolic, abstract designs with natural and animal motifs.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> The materials used – glass, porcelain, bronze, ivory, mother of pearl, horn, and enamel – were not used for their value, but for their appearance.<ref name="Gregorietti 1969" /><ref name="Tait 1986" />

'''1910–1970:''' [[Chanel]] popularised [[costume jewelry|costume jewellery]], and ropes of glass beads were common. The [[Art Deco]] movement created chunky, geometric jewellery that combined multiple types of gems and steel.<ref name="Tait 1986" /> By the 1960s costume jewellery was widely worn, which resulted in seasonal, ever-changing styles of necklaces and other jewellery.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> Fine jewellery that was common in this period included wholly geometric or organically shaped silver necklaces, and precious gems set in platinum or gold necklaces inspired by the time of the [[French colonial empire|French Empire]].<ref name="Bigelow 1979" /> [[Love beads]] (a single strand of stone or glass beads) and pendant necklaces (most often made of leather cords or metal chains with metal pendants) became popular and were worn mostly by men.<ref name="Bigelow 1979" />

== East Asia ==

=== China ===

==== Chaozhu ====
{{Multi image
| image1            = 朝珠-Court necklace MET 64 85 2.jpg
| image2            = 朝珠-Court necklace MET 62 30 2.jpg
| header            = Chaozhu
| footer            = Court necklace of the Qing dynasty
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}}

In [[Qing dynasty]] [[China]], a court necklace called {{Transliteration|zh|[[chaozhu]]}} ({{Lang-zh|c=朝珠}})'','' was worn by the Qing dynasty emperors and other members of the imperial family. The court necklace originated from a Buddhist rosary sent in 1643 by the [[Dalai Lama]] to the first emperor of the Qing dynasty. The necklace is composed of 108 small beads, with 4 large beads of contrasting stones to symbolize the 4 seasons, and was placed between groups of 27 beads. The necklace was also practical as it could be used for mathematical calculations in the absence of an abacus.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Garrett |first=Valery M. |title=Chinese dress : from the Qing Dynasty to the Present |date=2007 |publisher=Tuttle Pub |isbn=978-0-8048-3663-0 |location=Tokyo |oclc=154701513}}</ref>
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==== Necklace with longevity lock pendant ====
[[File:2021657 200354 Museon.jpg|thumb|168x168px|Chinese necklace with longevity lock]]
In [[China]], there is a custom of wearing a necklace with a [[Lock charm|longevity lock]] pendant. These lock charms were sometimes personally tied around the necks of children by Buddhist or Taoist priests.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ancient Chinese Lock Charms |url=https://primaltrek.com/locks.html |access-date=30 August 2022 |website=primaltrek.com}}</ref> The longevity lock is known as {{Transliteration|zh|changmingsuo}} ({{Lang-zh|c=|l=longevity lock}}) and is an important form of [[amulet]] for children for thousand of years in Chinese culture. According to Chinese beliefs, the {{Transliteration|zh|changmingsuo}} protect children from evil spirits and bad luck by locking its wearer's soul and life inside of the lock.<ref name="ChinaFetching.com 2022">{{Cite web |title=Chinese Pendant Accessories {{!}} ChinaFetching |url=https://www.chinafetching.com/tradition-of-china-pendant |access-date=30 August 2022 |website=ChinaFetching.com |language=en}}</ref> The {{Transliteration|zh|changmingsuo}} is often made with precious materials, such as gold, silver, and jade, and having auspicious words carved on it.<ref name="ChinaFetching.com 2022" /> This form of necklace continues to be worn in present-days China.
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==== Yingluo ====
[[File:同心湖のほとりで写真を写す漢服愛好家ふたり.jpg|thumb|Girl wearing a [[Hanfu]] and a modern-style, pearl {{Transliteration|zh|yingluo}} (left), 2021]]
{{Transliteration|zh|[[Yingluo (ornament)|Yingluo]]}} ({{Lang-zh|c=|s=璎珞|t=瓔珞}}) was a ring-like neck ornament or fashionable necklace which was originally a Buddhist ornament depicted in Buddhist arts (e.g. sculptures and paintings) in China; the {{Transliteration|zh|yingluo}} have roots in ancient [[India]] where its earlier prototype is the Indian ornament ''keyūra.<ref name="Zhuo 2019">{{Cite web |last=Zhuo |first=Weiyang |year=2019 |title=The Fairy Pearl Necklace-the Activation of the Pearl Necklace in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes from Late Tang Dynasty in Contemporary Jewelry Design |script-title=zh:仙裳珠垂缕—敦煌莫高窟晚唐璎珞在当代首饰设计中的活化 |url=http://61.181.120.82:8081/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=1019192265.nh&dbcode=CMFD&dbname=CMFD2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829160445/http://61.181.120.82:8081/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=1019192265.nh&dbcode=CMFD&dbname=CMFD2020 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=cnki.net}}</ref><ref name="Zhou 2011">{{Cite web |last=Zhou |first=Lin |year=2011 |title=The Research on the Keyura Accessory of Liao Dynasty |script-title=zh:辽代璎珞佩饰研究 |url=http://61.181.120.82:8081/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=1011151694.nh&dbcode=CMFD&dbname=CMFD2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829175753/http://61.181.120.82:8081/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=1011151694.nh&dbcode=CMFD&dbname=CMFD2012 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=cnki.net}}</ref>'' The depictions of the ''keyūra'' was introduced in China along with [[Buddhism]]''.<ref name="Zhuo 2019" /><ref name="Zhou 2011" />'' The depictions of {{Transliteration|zh|yingluo}} in China, such as those found in [[Dunhuang]], evolved in shape and styles showing the cultural integration of foreign (non-Chinese) culture and the native Chinese culture due to the special characteristics of its geography.''<ref name="Zhuo 2019" />'' The {{Transliteration|zh|yingluo}} eventually evolved from an ornament in Buddhist arts and eventually became an actual necklace by the [[Tang dynasty]].''<ref name="Zhuo 2019" />'' The {{Transliteration|zh|yingluo}} then became a classical form of necklace in Chinese society throughout centuries.''<ref name="Zhuo 2019" />'' It continues to be worn in present-day, especially as a common [[Hanfu accessories|hanfu accessory]] being used by Hanfu enthusiasts since the [[Hanfu Movement]].<ref name="163.com 2021">{{Cite web |last=网易 |date=1 June 2021 |title=璎珞作为汉服搭配的常见饰品，真的价贵吗？ |url=https://www.163.com/dy/article/GBEH6BME0538O0MY.html |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=163.com}}</ref> It comes in variety of styles, shapes, and materials.<ref name="163.com 2021" />
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== Oceania ==

=== Tasmania ===

==== Shell necklaces ====
[[Aboriginal Tasmanian]] women have been making shell necklaces from maireener (''[[Phasianotrochus irisodontes]]'') shells for at least 2,600 years, with some major collections in museums. The continuation of the practice is being threatened by reducing supply, and sixth-generation [[Aboriginal Tasmanian|Palawa]] woman Lola Greeno is concerned that the practice will die out.<ref>{{cite web |last=Trans |first=Jeppe |date=9 August 2020 |title=Fears Indigenous Tasmanian necklaces could become lost art |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-09/traditional-aboriginal-shell-necklace-making-under-threat/12537904 |access-date=11 August 2020 |website=ABC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Greeno |first=Aunty Lolo |date=26 May 2020 |title=Tasmanian Aboriginal shell necklaces |url=https://australian.museum/learn/first-nations/tasmanian-aboriginal-shell-necklaces/ |access-date=12 August 2020 |website=The Australian Museum}}</ref>

== Necklace lengths ==
Necklaces are typically classified by length:
[[File:Chain length.jpg|thumb|Necklace length diagram]]

; [[Collar (jewelry)|Collar]]
: About 30~33 centimetres (12~13-inch) long and sits high on the neck.
; [[Choker]]
: Close-fitting, short, 35~41 centimetres (14~16 in) long.
; Princess necklace
: 45~50 centimetres (18~20 in) long.
; Matinee necklace
: 56~58 centimetres (22~23 in) long.
; Opera necklace
: 75~90 centimetres (30~35 in) long and sits at the breastbone.
; Rope necklace
: Any longer than opera length.
; Lariat necklace
: Very long variation on the rope, without a clasp, often worn draped multiple times around the neck.

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Late Western Zhou Jade Necklace.jpg|Necklace, Late [[Zhou dynasty]] (c.1046 to 256 BC), [[China]]
File:Tiffany Opal Necklace.jpg|Tiffany Opal Necklace
File:Minoan gold necklace archmus Heraklion.jpg|Minoan Gold Necklace (Archmus Heraklion)
File:Napoleon-diamond-necklace.jpg|Napoleonic-era Diamond Necklace
File:Post Emerald Necklace 01.jpg|Emerald Necklace
File:Egyptian carnelian necklace.JPG|Carnelian, Limestone, and Quartz Egyptian necklace
File:Ancient Byzantine gold necklace (Met).jpg|Gold Ancient Byzantine Necklace with [[Pendant]]s
File:KHM Wien VIIb 133 - Golden Vandal necklace, c. 300 AD.jpg|Gold and Glass Vandal necklace, c. AD 300
File:Getty Villa - Necklace with relief pendant - 83.AM.225(1).jpg|Necklace with Relief Pendant
File:KHM Wien VIIa 2 - Silver necklace, 600-650 AD.jpg|Silver necklace, c. AD 600-650
File:Beads from a Necklace MET dp30573.jpg|Frankish Glass Bead Necklace
File:Necklace MET ES1799.jpg|Gold and Platinum Necklace
File:Necklace with Pendant Crosses MET dp30693.jpg|Byzantine Christian [[cross necklace]]
File:Necklace MET 2014.294 d.jpg|German Metal Necklace
File:Sea necklace.jpg|Necklace made from crochet lace, pearls, and sterling silver.
File:Necklace MET DT5736.jpg|Gold and Platinum French Necklace
File:Glass necklace BM WA 133334.jpg|Glass Necklace
File:Rosaline Pearl Necklace.jpg|Rosaline Pearl Necklace
File:Dirce Repossi White Gold and Diamonds Necklace.jpg|Dirce Repossi White Gold and Diamonds Necklace
File:Roman - Necklace with Pendant Coins - Walters 571600.jpg|Gold Roman Necklace with Pendant Coins and Braided Chain- Walters 571600
File:Uranium-glass-necklace.jpg|Uranium glass necklace, circa 1940/1950. [[Uranium glass]] glows bright green under [[ultraviolet light]].
</gallery>

== Similar items ==
[[File:Cowon iAUDIO T2.jpg|thumb|A [[digital audio player]] (DAP) designed to be worn around the neck]]

'''Pectoral ornaments''' are jewellery items that are also used similar to a necklace, such as [[reimiro]], and [[Pectoral (Ancient Egypt)|ancient Egyptian pectorals]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Pectoral Ornament |url=https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/327238 |website=[[Philadelphia Museum of Art]] |access-date=11 July 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pectoral Ornament with Dotted Decoration |url=https://art.thewalters.org/detail/613/pectoral-with-dotted-decoration/ |website=[[Walters Art Museum]] |access-date=11 July 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pectoral Ornament |url=https://peabody.harvard.edu/media-gallery/detail/1423883/1122768 |website=[[Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology|Peabody Museum]] |access-date=11 July 2024}}</ref>

Non-jewellery items, for example [[lanyard]]s, for holding badges and cards, are similar to a necklace and are worn on a neck.

== See also ==
* [[Cross necklace]]
* [[Choker]]
* [[Collar (jewelry)|Collar]]
* [[Figaro chain]]
* [[Jewellery chain]]
* [[Livery collar]]
* [[Locket]]
* [[Love beads]]
* [[Pendant]]
* [[Torc]]
* [[Usekh collar]]

== Further reading ==
* ''Jewelry 7,000 Years'' ed. Hugh Tait. {{ISBN|0-8109-8103-3}}.
* ''Jewelry Through the Ages'' by Guido Gregorietti. {{ISBN|0-8281-0007-1}}.
* ''20,000 Years of Fashion: The History of Costume and Personal Adornment'' by Francois Boucher. {{ISBN|0-8109-1693-2}}.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Jewellery}}
{{clothing}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Necklaces| ]]