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{{short description|Home video game console}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2013}}
{{Infobox Information appliance <!-- please provide a SOURCE when adding any details here about when the console was discontinued -->
| title = Neo Geo CD
| logo = File: Neo Geo CD logo.svg
| logo_size = 180px
| image = File:Neo-Geo-CD-TopLoader-wController-FL.png
| caption = The top loading Neo Geo CD system with controller
| manufacturer = [[SNK]]
| type = [[Home video game console]]
| generation = [[History of video game consoles (fourth generation)|Fourth]]
| releasedate = {{vgrelease|JP|September 9, 1994|EU|December 3, 1994|AU|December 23, 1994|NA|January 15, 1996}}
| price = {{vgrelease|NA|{{USD|399}}|JP|{{JPY|49800}}}}
| discontinued = 1997
| CPU = [[Motorola 68000]] @ 12 MHz
| media = [[CD-ROM]]
| predecessor = [[Neo Geo (system)|Neo Geo AES]]
}}

The {{nihongo|'''Neo Geo CD'''|ネオジオCD|Neo Jio Shī Dī|lead=no|group=lower-alpha}} is a [[home video game console]] produced by [[SNK|SNK Corporation]], released on September 9, 1994. The system is the same platform as the cartridge-based [[Neo Geo (system)|Neo Geo]] released four years earlier, but converted to the cheaper [[CD]] media format which retailed at {{val|p=$|49 |to| 79}} per title compared to up to $300 for the equivalent cartridge.<ref name=GPro85>{{cite magazine|title=Neo Geo CD: The New Kid in Town|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=85|publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=October 1995|page=30}}</ref>

The Neo Geo CD was launched with a bundled [[Gamepad|control pad]] instead of a joystick like the AES version of the Neo Geo came with; however, the system was compatible with controllers from the AES. The Neo Geo CD met with limited success due to it being plagued with long loading times that could vary from 30 to 60 seconds, depending on the game, and its lack of 3D graphics capabilities at a time when 3D graphics were becoming ubiquitous in the video game industry. As of September 30, 1997, there had been 570,000 Neo Geo CD units sold worldwide;<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/Console_Plus_Numero_073#page/n46/mode/1up|title=Japon Previews: Tokyorama - Les Ventes De L'année|magazine=[[:fr: Consoles +|Consoles +]]|issue=73|publisher=[[:fr:M.E.R.7|M.E.R.7]]|date=February 1998|page=47|lang=fr}}</ref> production of all Neo Geo hardware was discontinued in 1997, while new software continued to be released until 2004.

==History==
The Neo Geo CD was first unveiled at the 1994 Tokyo Toy Show.<ref name=EGM61>{{cite magazine |title=Neo Geo CD Brings Arcade Home|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]] |issue=61 |publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=August 1994|page=60}}</ref> The console uses the same [[CPU]] set-up as the arcade and cartridge-based Neo Geo systems, facilitating conversions. SNK planned to release Neo Geo CD versions of every Neo Geo game still in the arcades.<ref name=GPro69>{{cite magazine |title=The Neo Geo CD: An Arcade in Your Home|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=79 |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=April 1995|page=16}}</ref>

The system was originally priced at {{US$|399}}.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=September 1995 |title=Neo Geo CD to Debut in October |magazine=[[GamePro]] |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]] |page=138 |issue=84}}</ref>

In response to criticism of the Neo Geo CD's long load times, SNK planned to produce a model with a double speed CD-ROM drive for North America, compared to the single speed drive of the Japanese and European models.<ref name=GPro85/> However, the system missed its planned North American launch date of October 1995, and while SNK declined to give a specific reason for the delay,<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Neo-Geo CD Delayed|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=88 |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=January 1996|page=22}}</ref> in their announcement of the new January 1996 launch date they stated that they had decided against using a double speed drive.<ref name=GPro89>{{cite magazine |title=Neo Geo CD Back on Track |magazine=[[GamePro]] |issue=89 |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=February 1996|page=16}}</ref> Their Japanese division had produced an excess number of single speed units and found that modifying these units to double speed was more expensive than they had initially thought, so SNK opted to sell them as they were, postponing production of a double speed model until they had sold off the stock of single speed units.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Neo CD to Be Single Speed |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=79|publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=February 1996|page=20}}</ref>

In response to reader inquiries about Neo Geo CD software, ''[[GamePro]]'' reported in an issue [[cover date]]d May 1997 that SNK had quietly discontinued the console by this time.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Survival of the Coolest|magazine=[[GamePro]]|issue=104 |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]]|date=May 1997|page=16}}</ref>

==Reception==
Criticism of the system's generally long loading times began even before launch; a report in ''[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]'' on the Neo Geo CD's unveiling noted, "At the show, they were showing a demo of ''[[Fatal Fury 2]]''. The prototype of the machine that they showed was single speed, and the load time was 14-28 seconds between rounds. You can see that the [[screenshot|screen[shot]]] on the right is a load screen."<ref name=EGM61/>

Approximately one month after launch, SNK reported that they had sold the Neo Geo CD's entire initial shipment of 50,000 units.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Gaming Gossip|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=65|publisher=[[Ziff Davis]]|date=December 1994|page=56}}</ref>

Reviewing the Neo Geo CD in late 1995, ''[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]'' noted SNK's reputation for fun games but argued that their failure to upgrade the Neo Geo system with 3D capabilities would keep them from producing any truly "cutting edge" games, and limit the console to the same small cult following as the Neo Geo AES system in spite of the games being less expensive. They gave it 1 1/2 out of 5 stars.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Which Game System is the Best!?|magazine=[[Next Generation (magazine)|Next Generation]]|issue=12|publisher=[[Imagine Media]]|date=December 1995|page=75}}</ref>

==Hardware==
===Technical specifications===
[[file:Neo-Geo-CDZ-Flat-Back.jpg|thumb|The standard A/V outs on the Neo Geo CD, as well as a multi port for RGB video]]
* Main Processor: [[Motorola 68000]] running at 12 [[MHz]]. Although the original CPU was designed by Motorola, many of the 68000 CPUs in Neo Geo hardware are manufactured by second-sources. The most common CPU is the TMP68HC000 manufactured by [[Toshiba]].{{cn|date=March 2023}}
* Coprocessor: Zilog Z80 running at 4&nbsp;MHz
* Colors on screen: 4,096
* Colors available: 65,536
* Resolution: 304 x 224
* Max sprites: 384
* Max sprite size: 16 x 512
* Number of planes: 3 (128 sprites per plane as the Neo Geo does not use tiles for its planes like with most game systems at the time)

The system is also capable of reading [[Red Book (audio CD standard)|Redbook]] standard compact disc audio.

In addition to the multi-AV port (nearly identical to the one used on the [[Sega Genesis]] model 1, though they are not interchangeable), all Neo Geo CD models had composite RCA A/V and S-Video out jacks on the rear of the console.

The CD system's 56 Mbit / 7 [[megabyte|MB]] of RAM<ref name="GPro85"/> was split accordingly:

* 68000 program memory: 2 MB
* Fix layer memory: 128 [[kilobyte|KB]]
* Graphics memory: 4 MB
* Sound sample memory: 1 MB
* Z80 program memory: 64 kB
* VRAM: 512Kb<ref name="GPro69"/> (For graphics attributes)
* SRAM: 2 KB (For high scores / general save data)

===Models===
[[file:Neo-Geo-CD-FrontLoader-wController-FL.png|thumb|The front-loading version was the first to market, and only released in Japan.]]

Three versions of the Neo Geo CD were released:

# A front-loading version, only distributed in Japan, with 25,000 total units built
# A top-loading version, marketed worldwide, as the most common model
# The Neo Geo CDZ, an upgraded, faster-loading version, released in Japan only

The front loader is the original console design, while the top loader version was developed shortly before the Neo Geo CD launch as a smaller, cheaper alternative model.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=SNK CD for Spring|magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=63 |publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=October 1994|page=62}}</ref>

[[file:Neo-Geo-CDZ-wController-FL.png|thumb|left|The CDZ was only released in Japan and featured faster CD loading than the previous models.]]
The CDZ was released on December 29, 1995,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.neogeocdworld.info/html/fiche/fichetechniqueneogeo.htm |title=Neo Geo CD World |access-date=2015-12-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217052443/http://www.neogeocdworld.info/html/fiche/fichetechniqueneogeo.htm |archive-date=December 17, 2010 |df=mdy-all |language=fr}}</ref><ref>http://www.obsolete-tears.com/snk-neogeo-cd-machine-226.html {{in lang|fr}}</ref> as the Japanese market replacement for the top loader unit. The system's technical specs are identical to the previous models except that it includes a double-speed CD-ROM drive,<ref>{{cite magazine |title=SNK Brings Out New Neo CDX |magazine=[[Electronic Gaming Monthly]]|issue=80 |publisher=Sendai Publishing|date=March 1996|pages=16–17}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Neo Geo Short Stories|magazine=Maximum: The Video Game Magazine |issue=3 |publisher=[[Emap International Limited]]|date=January 1996|page=117}}</ref> and different CD controller circuitry.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Neo Geo CDZ |journal=[[Retro Gamer]] |date=May 2022 |volume=232 |page=62 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A704057678/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-ITOF&xid=39856c9a |access-date=21 May 2022}}</ref>

All three versions of the system have no [[regional lockout|region lock]], but they are region aware, and some games will display English or Japanese depending on the console's region setting. The system can also play [[Compact Disc Digital Audio|Audio CD]]s.

==Software==
{{main|List of Neo Geo games}}
[[File:Neo-Geo-Advanced-Controller.jpg|thumb|The Neo Geo Controller Pro, an update to the previous Neo Geo AES's arcade stick controller]]
While the Neo Geo CD library consists primarily of ports of [[Neo Geo MVS|MVS]] and AES titles, there are a few MVS arcade games which were not officially released for the Neo Geo AES and ported instead to the Neo Geo CD. These include ''[[Puzzle Bobble]]'', ''Janshin Densetsu: Quest of Jongmaster'' (a [[Mahjong]] game also released for the [[PC Engine]]), ''[[Power Spikes II]]'', ''[[Neo Drift Out|Neo Drift Out: New Technology]]'', and ''[[Pleasure Goal: 5 on 5 Mini Soccer]]'' (''Futsal: 5-on-5 Mini Soccer'').

A few games which were unreleased in MVS and AES formats were also released exclusively for the Neo Geo CD. These include ''[[Ironclad (video game)|Ironclad: Tesshō Rusha]]'' (''Chōtetsu Burikingā'', ''BRIKIN'GER''), ''[[Crossed Swords II]]'', ''[[ZinTrick]]'' (''Oshidashi Zintorikku''), ''[[ADK World]]'', ''[[Neo Geo CD Special]]'', ''[[The King of Fighters '96|The King of Fighters '96 Neo Collection]]'', ''[[Samurai Shodown RPG]]'' (''Shinsetsu Samurai Spirits: Bushidō Retsuden''; an [[Role-playing video game|RPG]] spin-off of the ''[[Samurai Shodown (series)|Samurai Shodown]]'' series that was also released for the [[PlayStation (console)|Sony PlayStation]] and [[Sega Saturn]]), and ''[[Idol-Mahjong Final Romance 2]]'' (an [[arcade game]] which is not an MVS game, but was ported directly to the Neo Geo CD).

Two prototype games were in development:
''Bang² Busters'' [''Bang Bang Busters''] (Made by [[Visco Corporation|Visco]] in 2000. Released in 2010 for Neo Geo CD by [[Neo Conception International|N.C.I.]]) and 
''Treasure of the Caribbean'' [''Caribe no Zaihō''] (Made by [[Face (company)|Face]] in 1994. Released in 2011 for Neo Geo CD by N.C.I./Le Cortex).

==References==
{{refs}}

{{SNK}}
{{Fourth generation game consoles}}
{{Home video game consoles}}

[[Category:Products introduced in 1994]]
[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1994]]
[[Category:1990s toys]]
[[Category:Products and services discontinued in 1997]]
[[Category:CD-ROM-based consoles]]
[[Category:Regionless game consoles]]
[[Category:Home video game consoles]]
[[Category:Fourth-generation video game consoles]]
[[Category:Neo Geo|CD]]
[[Category:68k-based game consoles]]
[[Category:Discontinued video game consoles]]